HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar
Websites/Multiple Documents
Source/publisher:
HABITAT (United Nations Centre for Human Settlements)
Date of publication:
2019-07-13
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-13
Grouping:
Websites/Multiple Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar
more
Individual Documents
Description:
"Yangon, 13 June 2023: UNDP, UN Women and UN-Habitat yesterday brought together representatives from local communities, NGOs, development partners and the private sector to discuss research on urban poverty and the innovative strategies being used in a new project building resilience in low-income urban communities.
The event took place in Myanmar’s commercial capital, Yangon, where the compounded crises of the COVID-19 pandemic and the economic and political upheaval resulting from the February 2021 coup have had a devastating impact on Yangon’s urban poor.
“When confronted with turmoil across the country, the breakdown in the rule of law, the human rights abuses, the alarming numbers of people displaced by conflict and disasters, it is easy to overlook what is happening right here in Yangon. Life has always been hard for the urban poor, but now it is so much harder. Poor people are much poorer, and their numbers have grown significantly,” Titon Mitra, UNDP Myanmar’s Resident Representative, said in his opening remarks.
“If we do not turn our attention to the urban poor and vulnerable, we may enable the conditions for a rapid deepening of intergenerational poverty.”
The Urban Resilience Project (URP) aims to support those made most vulnerable by urban poverty in Yangon, including women and people living in informal settlements. It is a joint project between UNDP, UN Women and UN-Habitat, working in eight townships, five of which are under martial law, identified as the most socially and economically marginalized. It aims to strengthen residents’ resilience by supporting community-led groups to improve basic services and facilities; upgrade the physical environment of informal settlements; address gender-based violence; and promote livelihoods, skills and job creation.
UNDP’s Myanmar Development Observatory presented the findings from the recently published report Helping communities weather the socio-economic downturn: Building urban resilience.
The study shows people living in Yangon’s eight poorest townships earn 30 percent less than those in the rest of Yangon and that almost a quarter of the residents of these townships had often gone without a cash income in the past 12 months.
Compared to the rest of Yangon, households in the eight URP townships are:
more likely to live in an informal settlement (14.2% of URP households compared to 1.2% of households in the rest of Yangon);
more like to have noticed violence against women by family members in their neighbourhood, (14.7% compared to 11.4%);
less likely to have access to drinkable water in the dry season (88.9% of households compared to 97.3%);
more likely to be unable to eat nutritious food (27.5% of households compared to 23%); and
1.8 times more likely to take their children out of school to earn money.
During the panel discussion, Catarina Camarinhas, Country Programme Manager a.i. of UN-Habitat, highlighted that only 30 percent of Myanmar’s population resides in urban areas, which presents many opportunities for sustainable urbanization and poverty reduction.
“Building resilience and promoting sustainable urbanization in Myanmar requires comprehensive initiatives and collaboration. By engaging multiple stakeholders and implementing effective local-level strategies, we are working towards sustainable development and climate change adaptation. Together with our partners, we aim to implement gender-responsive climate action in Myanmar,” she said.
Jackie Appel, CEO and founder of the Step-in Step-up Academy, explained how her NGO has been providing vocational training to young people to meet specific job needs in Yangon’s workforce, including in healthcare, office work and hospitality. One young woman explained to the audience at the event how she took part in training to be a cashier and immediately was employed by Yoma Bank after graduating.
Shihab Uddin Ahamad, WaterAid Myanmar’s Country Director, meanwhile discussed how the organization is bringing affordable clean water to low-income areas of Yangon through establishing bottling plants, and helping garment factory workers, who are almost all women, subsidize their incomes through food and hygiene product packages.
Women and girls in Yangon’s urban areas are particularly vulnerable. Over 80 percent of women in the baseline study said rising food prices and loss of employment or revenues were their major challenges. And in a 2021 UN Women study in Yangon, two out of three women reported being extremely worried about becoming a victim of a violent crime.
“We know 80 percent of women are working in informal employment in Yangon, that makes them vulnerable to economic downturn and provides hardly any social protection. On top of that, a lack of safe shelter and housing conditions increases the risk of sexual and gender-based violence,” said Karin Fueg, Country Representative a.i. of UN Women.
“Under the URP, UN Women is leading a gender-responsive incubator and business accelerator to help women access business skills and finance, and to address gender norms through life skills, help accessing business networks and referrals to support services like legal aid, psycho-social support or gender-based violence services,” Ms Fueg said.
The Urban Resilience Project’s community-based approach will create opportunities for resilience building, economic growth, poverty reduction, and sustainable development. By addressing the needs of the most vulnerable and fostering a sense of ownership, the project lays a foundation for long-term success and positive change.
-ENDS-
Find out more!
Read the report: https://www.undp.org/publications/helping-communities-weather-socio-economic-downturn-building-urban-resilience
Explore the Myanmar Development Observatory: https://www.undp.org/myanmar/projects/myanmar-development-observatory
The Urban Resilience Project
The Urban Resilience Project aims to address urban poverty in eight of Yangon’s poorest peri-urban townships. It focuses on providing access to sustainable sources of safe drinking water, improving health and sanitation services, supporting climate-resilient basic urban infrastructure, including drainage and access roads, and supporting micro and small enterprise development and work opportunities to more than 450,000 people.
UN Women
UN Women is the United Nations entity dedicated to gender equality and the empowerment of women. A global champion for women and girls, UN Women was established to accelerate progress on meeting their needs worldwide.
UNDP
UNDP works in 170 countries and territories to eradicate poverty and reduce inequality. It helps countries to develop policies, leadership skills, partnering abilities, institutional capabilities, and to build resilience to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. Its work is concentrated in three focus areas: sustainable development, democratic governance and peacebuilding, and climate and disaster resilience.
UN-Habitat
The United Nations Human Settlements Programme, UN-Habitat, is the agency of the United Nations dedicated to promoting socially and environmentally sustainable development of human settlements in an urbanizing world, with the goal of providing safer and inclusive human settlements..."
Source/publisher:
UN Development Programme, UN Human Settlements Program, UN Women
Date of publication:
2023-06-13
Date of entry/update:
2023-06-16
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
UNDP - Burma/Myanmar, HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, UN Women, Education in Burma/Myanmar - general, Food Security and nutrition in Burma/Myanmar, Public Health, Human Rights and international relations
Language:
Format :
pdf
Size:
1.07 MB
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Description:
"Informal settlements in Yangon house an estimated 400,000 people, approimately 8 per cent of the city’s total population. Due to the nature of informal settlements with high density, lack of access to water, sanitation, hygiene practices and inadequate housing, the risk of mass COVID-19 transmission within Yangon’s informal settlements is high. The vast majority of these settlements do not have access to municipal infrastructure such as piped water or sanitation and have poor drainage systems. UN-Habitat’s rapid assessment survey conducted last May found that 81 per cent of the households in informal settlements have at least one member who lost their job and 94 per cent experienced a fall in income due to the COVID-19 outbreak.
Furthermore, UN-Habitat’s study from 2016 had warned that a combination of factors in informal settlements has resulted in “a serious public health emergency in informal settlements in Yangon, although it is one which is largely not recognized by government agencies or international aid agencies.” Therefore, it is imperative that governments and international agencies recognize and support the informal settlements with immediate responses to COVID-19..."
Source/publisher:
UN-HABITAT (Kenya) via "Reliefweb" (New York)
Date of publication:
2020-06-25
Date of entry/update:
2020-06-26
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, COVID-19 (Coronavirus)
Language:
Format :
pdf
Size:
1.17 MB
more
Description:
"Yangon, Myanmar, 18 June 2020 – UN-Habitat supported a team of community volunteers in five informal settlements in Myanmar’s largest city Yangon who have contacted over 13,2000 households to provide accurate information about COVID-19 and dispel false rumours.
Information leaflets were shared with communities in Hlaingthayar, Shwepyitha, Dala, South Dagon, and Dagon Seikkan with information about COVID-19 preventive actions including how to keep your family safe, working or shopping in a markets selling fresh meat and fish and how to make a mask at home.
The 61 community volunteers were trained remotely by UN-Habitat and provided with a Personal Protective Equipment kit consisting of masks, full face visors, gloves, and hand sanitizers.
A rapid assessment of informal settlements conducted by UN-Habitat revealed that a third of families could not afford to buy masks to protect themselves and the volunteers also distributed 102,000 masks to the households.
UN-Habitat is working with existing community development committees in the informal settlements. In Hlainthayar, UN-Habitat partnered with Bedar Social Development Group and the Urban Poor Network.
Nyein Chan, a community organizer said the project helped them reach the community in the time of an emergency.
“We had several meetings on how to manage the project and reach out effectively to the community. I feel that we did not just distribute things, we were able to organize ourselves together to accomplish this,” he said..."
Source/publisher:
UN-HABITAT (Kenya) via "Reliefweb" (New York)
Date of publication:
2020-06-23
Date of entry/update:
2020-06-23
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, COVID-19 (Coronavirus)
Language:
more
Description:
"81 per cent of the households in informal settlements have at least one member who lost their job in the past 30 days. The percentage of job loss (either the respondent or a member of their household) for women respondents was 87.7 per cent; 13.2 percentage points higher than for men at 74.5 per cent.
94 per cent of households in informal settlements report a fall in income over the past 30 days. 90 per cent of households reported having no alternate sources of income.
Household Debt
69 per cent of households have taken a loan in the past 30 days.
Households in informal settlements were already highly indebted before the outbreak of COVID-19. Average household indebtedness was MMK 555,000. 61 per cent of households taking out a new loan in the past 30 days took out a loan of value greater than MMK 100,000.
88 per cent of households used the loan taken out in the past 30 days to buy food.
Food Security
60 per cent of households in informal settlements reported receiving food assistance from the government.
However, food insecurity remains high. All households (100 per cent) in the sample reported that they are worried their stock of food would run out before having money to buy food.
Security of Tenure
53 per cent of households in informal settlements do not feel secure from eviction.
More women respondents reported eviction-related insecurity (57 per cent) compared to men (49 per cent). Access to Healthcare
90 per cent of households live within 15 minutes of a health facility.
For 65 per cent of households, the nearest health facility is a public hospital.
Knowledge, Awareness and Practices (KAP) related to COVID-19
Households reported high awareness of three key actions for the prevention of COVID-19 - handwashing, use of masks and physical distancing.
However, 62 per cent of households in informal settlements do not have space for physical distancing; a third of all households do not have money to buy masks.
Majority of households rely on television and/or government notices and announcements for information on COVID-19..."
Source/publisher:
UN-HABITAT (Kenya) via "Reliefweb" (New York)
Date of publication:
2020-06-10
Date of entry/update:
2020-06-11
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
COVID-19 (Coronavirus), HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Sustainable/alternative development in and for Burma
Language:
Format :
pdf
Size:
9.59 MB
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Sub-title:
UN-Habitat Myanmar: The Coastal Settlements Support Programme (CSSP)
Description:
"In response to the destruction caused by Cyclone Nargis, UN-Habitat assisted affected communities in the Irrawaddy Delta with shelter recovery, water, sanitation and hygiene, and livelihoods. The Coastal Settlements Support Programme (CSSP) has helped 431 IDP families from Kungyangone Township (Delta) to secure land tenure and build disaster resilient shelters with access to safe water and sanitation. Importantly, local community carpenters were trained in disaster resilient construction techniques, increasing their earning potential. Finally, cash for work opportunities for casual laborers were provided in the course of improving access infrastructure..."
Source/publisher:
UN-Habitat Myanmar
Date of publication:
2014-01-23
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-18
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Sustainable/alternative development in and for Burma, Urban development, Cyclone Nargis - Water and Sanitation
Language:
more
Description:
"A project funded by the American People (USAID) for rebuilding people’s lives helped rehabilitate houses for 1,000 families in Dedaye Township of Ayeyarwady Region..."
Source/publisher:
UN-Habitat Myanmar
Date of publication:
2018-07-22
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-18
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Cyclones - regional, Sustainable/alternative development in and for Burma, Rural development in Burma/Myanmar
Language:
more
Description:
"Improving the health of families in the Delta by providing access to safe water and sanitation facilities, while raising awareness of hygiene and health related issues was a project funded by the Government of Japan for recovery and reconstruction of 2365 latrines, 197 rainwater collection tanks, 235 ponds, 28 new ponds and 212 new wells, 13,911 ceramic jars, 129 bridges and jetties, 541 emergency water supply systems and many more for 190,000 people in 263 villages of the Cyclone Nargis affected community in the Delta area of Myanmar.
More information can be found at: Community Water Supply and Sanitation Recovery Programme (CWSSRP)..."
Source/publisher:
UN-Habitat Myanmar
Date of publication:
2015-03-20
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-18
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Cyclone Nargis - Health issues, Water resources of Burma/Myanmar, Rural development in Burma/Myanmar, Urban development, Cyclone Nargis - Water and Sanitation
Language:
more
Description:
"A project funded by the LIFT for sustainable human development helped the people from 250 villages across five townships in the Delta (Pyapon, Kyaiklat, Bogale, Kungyangon and Dedaye)..."
Source/publisher:
UN-Habitat Myanmar
Date of publication:
2018-07-20
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-18
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Sustainable/alternative development in and for Burma, Urban development, Food Security in Burma - Natural disasters including Cyclone Nargis and its aftermath
Language:
more
Description:
"Improving the shelter conditions of most vulnerable households through provision of shelter, a project funded by ECHO and Government of Norway for project implementation helps the reconstruction of homes for 2,250 families, in Cyclone Giri affected townships of Myebon & Minbya of Rakhine State in Myanmar..."
Source/publisher:
UN-Habitat Myanmar
Date of publication:
2015-03-20
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-18
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Cyclones - regional, Sustainable/alternative development in and for Burma
Language:
more
Description:
"The programme was funded by the people of Japan to support 612,709 people (305,814 male; 306,859 female) through community lead development in 509 villages in 10 townships of Kachin, Chin, Kayah and Shan States.
More information can be found at: The Programme for Development and Rehabilitation of Community in Ethnic Minority Area, Myanmar..."
Source/publisher:
UN-Habitat Myanmar
Date of publication:
2015-06-02
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-17
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Sustainable/alternative development in and for Burma, Urban development
Language:
more
Description:
''ပခုက္ကူမြို့ ဘက်စုံသုံးရာသီဥတုဒဏ် အဆောက်အဦးတွင် မြေနေရာ ရာသီဥတုဒဏ်ခံနမူနာအိမ် ဂါလံ (၄၀၀၀)ဆံ့ ရေစင်၊ ပေ (၃၅၀) စက်ရေတွင်းနှင့် ရေနုတ်မြောင်းအား လွှဲပြောင်းပေးအပ်ခြင်းအခမ်းအနား ကျင်းပခြင်းကို MRTV မှရိုက်ကူးတင်ဆက်ပေးသည်။
Handing over ceremony of multi purpose flood shelter in Pakokku broadcasted by MRTV...''
Source/publisher:
MRTV via HABITAT Myanmar
Date of publication:
2018-04-30
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-17
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Climate Change - Burma/Myanmar: general, Climate Change - Migration Burma/Myanmar, Urban development
Language:
more
Topic:
Handing over ceremony of multi purpose flood shelter in Pakokku broadcasted by Eleven.
Topic:
Handing over ceremony of multi purpose flood shelter in Pakokku broadcasted by Eleven.
Description:
"ပခုက္ကူမြို့ ဘက်စုံသုံးရာသီဥတုဒဏ် အဆောက်အဦးတွင် မြေနေရာ ရာသီဥတုဒဏ်ခံနမူနာအိမ် ဂါလံ (၄၀၀၀)ဆံ့ ရေစင်၊ ပေ (၃၅၀) စက်ရေတွင်းနှင့် ရေနုတ်မြောင်းအား လွှဲပြောင်းပေးအပ်ခြင်းအခမ်းအနား ကျင်းပခြင်းကို ELEVEN မှရိုက်ကူးတင်ဆက်ပေးသည်။
Handing over ceremony of multi purpose flood shelter in Pakokku broadcasted by Eleven..."
Source/publisher:
HABITAT Myanmar via Eleven Media
Date of publication:
2018-04-30
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-17
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Climate Change - climate education, introductions, films, guides, links, bibliographies, Climate Change - Burma/Myanmar: general, Climate Change - Migration Burma/Myanmar
Language:
more
Description:
"A project funded by the Australian Government (AUSAID) for empowering people helped 9,971 families representing 69,101 individuals in 40 villages in Wundwin Township through the community driven approach.
More information can be found at: Safe and Sustainable Access to WASH for Rural Communities..."
Source/publisher:
UN-Habitat Myanmar
Date of publication:
2018-07-22
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-17
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Climate Change - Migration Burma/Myanmar, The impact of climate change on the environment of Burma/Myanmar
Language:
more
Description:
Yangon 28 April 2017 – UN-Habitat successfully held an international experience sharing workshop on slum upgrading, bringing together leading experts from the region and Myanmar to help identify possible solutions to Myanmar’s growing slum problem.
Source/publisher:
UN-Habitat Myanmar
Date of publication:
2017-05-12
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-17
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Urban development
Language:
more
Description:
"Yangon 28 April 2017 – UN-Habitat successfully held an international experience sharing workshop on slum upgrading, bringing together leading experts from the region and Myanmar to help identify possible solutions to Myanmar’s growing slum problem.
More information can be found at: International Experience-Sharing Workshop on Slum Upgrading. Multimedia Source: Kamayut Media. မို့ကြီးတွေမှာရှိတဲ့ အဆင့်မမီတဲ့ရပ်ကွက် (ကျူးကျော်)တွေအတွက် နိုင်ငံတကာမှာ အဆင့်မြှင့်တင်ပေးတဲ့ အတွေ့အကြုံတွေကို မျှဝေပေးတဲ့ ဆွေးနွေးပွဲတစ်ခုကို ဧပြီ ၂၈ရက်မှာ ပြုလုပ်ခဲ့ပါတယ်။..."
Source/publisher:
Kamayut Online TV via UN-Habitat Myanmar
Date of publication:
2017-04-28
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-17
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Sustainable/alternative development in and for Burma, Urban development
Language:
more
Description:
"“A short step from improved WASH to healthier communities” aims at providing communities with safe drinking water, improved sanitation and high-quality hygiene education to give them basic for healthy and productive life. The project will follow an integrated approach with Behavior Change Communication (BCC) focusing on Zero Open Defecation (ZOD), and provision of safe drinking water and sanitation systems through continuous community mobilization and engagement..."
Source/publisher:
UN-Habitat Myanmar
Date of publication:
2018-02-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-17
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar
Language:
more
Description:
"MRTV broadcasts about a handing over ceremony of a Multi-purposed Cyclone Shelter together with an overhead rain water harvesting tank and double unit toilet for Oo Yin Kone village of Labutta township took place on 10 June 2018..."
Source/publisher:
UN-Habitat Myanmar via MRTV
Date of publication:
2018-06-13
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-16
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Climate Change - climate education, introductions, films, guides, links, bibliographies
Language:
more
Description:
"MRTV broadcasts about the consultation workshop on National Urban Policy Framework in Nay Pyi Taw on 4 June 2018. The workshop was organized by Department of Urban and Housing Development, Ministry of Construction and UN-Habitat..."
Source/publisher:
UN-Habitat Myanmar via MRTV
Date of publication:
2018-06-06
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-16
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
more
Description:
"Throughout 2016, UN-Habitat together with the Netherlands Creative Industries, launched five Urban Planing and Design projects in Tacloban, Philippines; Gaza, Palestine; Acra, Ghana, Mecixo City and Yangon, Myanmar.
This was documented by Media HQ in seven compelling films that showcase the innovative approach of bringing a network of international expertise together in order to support urban growth and improved sustainability, efficiency and equity through planning and design. The films were screened at the Habitat III conference in Quito in October 2016, at the 26th session of the Governing Council in May 2017 in Nairobi and at several architecture film festivals all around the globe...."
Source/publisher:
UN-Habitat worldwide
Date of publication:
2017-10-05
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-16
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Urban development
Language:
more
Description:
"MRTV broacasts about World Environmental Day celebrated in Nay Pyi Taw on 5 June 2018. This year theme is “Beat Plastic Pollution."....."
Source/publisher:
UN-Habitat Myanmar
Date of publication:
2018-06-06
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-16
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Studies of the regional environment, The impact of climate change on the environment of Burma/Myanmar
Language:
more
Description:
"Myanmar is one of the earthquake prone countries since it is located in the Alpide
Earthquake Belt. Myanmar has already experienced many destructive earthquakes and for
examples are 1839 Innwa earthquake, 1930 Bago earthquake, 1956 Sagaing earthquake,
1912 Maymyo earthquake. All of these events are of the magnitude ≥ 7.0 (Mw). These
earthquakes caused several hundreds casualties and damages of various kinds of buildings.
The 1839 Innwa earthquake caused about 400 deaths as the total in and around Amarapura;
and many buildings destroyed. The deadiliest earthquake happened in Myanmar is the 1930
Bago earthquake strucked on May 30 and the magnitude is 7.3 Mw. It caused 500 deaths in
Bago and 50 in Yangon; and many buildings damaged. The 1930 Bago earthquakes seems
to be one of the four major earthquakes sequence; August 8, 1929 (Swa) earthquake, May
5, 1930 (Bago) earthquake, December 3, 1930 (Phyu) earthquake in the southern segment
of Sagaing Fault and January 27, 1931 (Putao) earthquake in the northern segment of that
fault. All of these events were originated from the right-lateral strike-slip Sagaing Fault. It can
be therefore regarded that the cities located along this fault are very high in the future
occurrences of the large events. The major cities lied along that fault are Sagaing,
Mandalay, Meiktila, Naypyitaw, Taungoo and Bago.
As the first step, with the aid of the United Nations Human Settlements Programme
(UN-HABITAT), Myanmar Geosciences Society (MGS), Myanmar Engineering Society
(MES) and Myanmar Earthquake Committee (MEC) conducted the seismic risk assessment
for three cities; Sagaing City (Sagaing Region); and Taungoo and Bago Cities (Bago Region).
The project will include two portions as the seismic hazard assessment (SHA) and seismic
risk assessment (SRA). MGS and MEC conducted SHA, while MES performed SRA. This
report will represent the results of SHA for one of these three cities, Bago City, Bago Region.
The main objective of the present project is to develop the seismic hazard and risk
maps of the city. To develop the seismic hazard maps, the methodology of probabilistic
seismic hazard assessment (PSHA) is applied and the resulted seismic hazards are
presented in terms of peak ground acceleration (PGA), spectral acceleration (SA) and peak
ground velocity (PGV) for 10% and 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years (475 years and
2,475 years recurrence intervals). The resulted seismic hazards are lead to use in the SRA
and additionally these hazard maps are very useful for the urban land-use planning and the
seismic resistance building construction purposes..."
Source/publisher:
HABITAT (United Nations Centre for Human Settlements)
Date of publication:
2016-11-08
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-15
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Urban development
Language:
Format :
pdf pdf pdf pdf pdf
Size:
3.68 MB 2 MB 3.34 MB 2.77 MB 2.5 MB
more
Description:
''Developing countries typically suffer far greater than developed countries as a result
of earthquakes. Poor socioeconomic conditions often lead to poorly constructed homes that
are vulnerable to damage during earthquakes. Our country, Myanmar is a developing country
and one of the multi-hazard prone areas around the world according to its geographical
situation. Myanmar lies on one of the world’s two main earthquake belts and many of the
urban centers are along the Sagaing fault running North –South of the country. The Sagaing
fault is the most prominent active fault in Myanmar which extends from north of Lake
Indawgyi southward along the Ayeyarwaddy River north of Mandalay and along the eastern
margin of the BagoYoma to the Andaman Sea (Hazard Profile of Myanmar, Sato, 2009).
According to a recent study, on relocation of historical earthquakes since 1918 along the
Sagiang Fault, there exist two seismic gaps: one between 19.2°N and 21.5°N in central
Myanmar, and another south of 16.6°N in the Andaman Sea. Considering the length of the
first seismic gap (∼260 km), a future earthquake of up to M ∼7.9 is expected to occur in
central Myanmar (Nobuo Hurukawa and PhyoMaungMaung, 2011).
Rapid and unplanned urbanization in Myanmar is increasing the vulnerability of
future disasters especially for earthquake. Besides, over the past three decades, urbanization
in Myanmar has been rapidly increasing. In most cities throughout the country, this
urbanization took place minimal consideration of building codes, sound construction, and
urban planning practices. As a result, many of Myanmar’s urban cities developed in the
proximity of active seismic sources and are at risk of experiencing major earthquake events.
Seismic risk cannot be eliminated, but it can be effectively analyzed and possibly reduced by
using proper tools and models to produce reliable and meaningful estimates of the seismic
risk facing a community, and exposure.
Considering the majority of the building stock in both urban and rural areas
comprising of non-engineered structures such as made of Timber, Brick Nogging, Brick
Masonry and reinforced Reinforced Concrete, there is an increasing concern on the potential
damage to urban areas such as Yangon, Bago, Taungoo and Sagaing, Meikhtila, Taunggyi
along the Sagaing fault. Therefore, this paper tends to estimate the damage and casualties, to
develop seismic risk and related assessment of building structures (Public, Private, and
Pagodas) for the maximum estimated seismic scenarios in Taungoo City. The study findings
will lead to develop comprehensive risk reduction programs addressing the specific
vulnerabilities as well as guide the future development in the cities along with UN-Habitat’s
Myanmar Comprehensive Disaster Risk Reduction Programme and also with broader DRRWG activities and those of Government...''
Source/publisher:
HABITAT (United Nations Centre for Human Settlements)
Date of publication:
2016-09-05
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-15
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Urban development
Language:
Format :
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Description:
"ထိုအမျိုးသားအဆင့် လက်သမားသင်ရိုးအား ဆောက်လုပ်ရေးဝန်ကြီးဌာန ဗဟိုသင်တန်းကျောင်း (သုဝဏ)မှ အဓိကပြင်ဆင်ပြီး မြန်မာနိုင်ငံအင်ဂျင်နီယာအသင်းနှင့် UN-Habitat တို့မှ နည်းပညာပိုင်းကူညီပါသည်။ စာအုပ်ပြုစုရိုက်နှိပ်ခြင်းနှင့် အခြားအကူအညီများကို USAID (Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance - OFDA)နှင့် Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs တို့မှပံ့ပိုးပါသည်။..."
Source/publisher:
HABITAT (United Nations Centre for Human Settlements)
Date of publication:
2015-03-23
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-15
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
Format :
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Size:
2.94 MB
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Description:
"ထိုအမျိုးသားအဆင့် လက်သမားသင်ရိုးအား ဆောက်လုပ်ရေးဝန်ကြီးဌာန ဗဟိုသင်တန်းကျောင်း (သုဝဏ)မှ အဓိကပြင်ဆင်ပြီး မြန်မာနိုင်ငံအင်ဂျင်နီယာအသင်းနှင့် UN-Habitat တို့မှ နည်းပညာပိုင်းကူညီပါသည်။ စာအုပ်ပြုစုရိုက်နှိပ်ခြင်းနှင့် အခြားအကူအညီများကို USAID (Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance - OFDA)နှင့် Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs တို့မှပံ့ပိုးပါသည်။..."
Source/publisher:
HABITAT (United Nations Centre for Human Settlements)
Date of publication:
2018-07-00
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-15
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
Format :
pdf
Size:
1.44 MB
Local URL:
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Description:
"Understanding climate – its drivers, variabilities, extremes, and trends – is essential for facilitating
better risks and resources management, and development of planning initiatives. Historical climate
data, which is a record of past climate, can reinforce short term, medium term, and long term
preparedness. Historical climate data, along with other variables, provides a range of utility, viz:
o identification of climate’s location specific seasonality, variations and trends, and climate
correlation to other relevant variables (e.g. rainfall and/or temperature and crop growth,
crop yield and/or crop damage; rainfall and/or temperature and insect infestation; rainfall
and/or temperature and disease outbreak; rainfalland/or temperature and drought; rainfall
and flooding; temperature and/or rainfall and energy generation and consumption; rainfall
and temperature and reservoir operation; and wind speed and wind energy generation, etc.),
for guiding effective planning and decision making in various sectors, pricing premiums and
identification of incentive packages to clients in insurance industry, and better analysis and
presentation of reports by media
o validation of community experiences, for fostering national, sub national and local
stakeholders’ understanding of climate risks and strengthening design of interventions for
resilience
o development and updating of location specific hazard and/or risk maps, for guiding disaster
risk reduction decisions
o refining weather/climate forecasting models
o providing reference for analysis of forecast of various timescales, and generation of
advisories for risks and resources management
o providing reference against which to compare current climate, and a baseline for anticipating
potential future scenarios
The key focus of this analysis is to provide evidence to/support community climate related
experiences and perceptions, in key townships in Myanmar’s Central Dry, coastal and hilly zones; and
develop inferences vis à vis opportunities and risks offered by location specific climate variabilities,
extremes, and trends.
1.2. Objectives
While providing opportunities for various uses of analysis outputs, this study is undertaken to provide
evidence to/support community experiences and perceptions on climate variabilities, extremes and
observable trends in select priority areas in different climate zones, in Table 1, for evolving better
understanding of past, current and potential future climate opportunities and risks..."
Source/publisher:
HABITAT (United Nations Centre for Human Settlements)
Date of publication:
2018-06-07
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-14
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
Format :
pdf
Size:
3.02 MB
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Description:
''The Myanmar Climate Change Alliance (MCCA) was launched in 2013 with the joint efforts of the United Nations
Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat), the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the
Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation (MNREC) and its Environmental Conservation
Department (ECD). The programme also works closely with several other ministries and government agencies,
including the Ministry of Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement (MSWRR) and its Relief and Resettlement
Department (RRD). The overall objective of MCCA is to mainstream climate change into the policy development
and reform agenda of Myanmar.
The country is highly vulnerable to climate change and hazards. At a local level, climate change is already resulting
in more frequent and severe disasters such as devastating cyclones, frequently recurring floods and
storm surges, droughts and consequent climate driven migration, and loss of productivity in the agriculture
sector, among others. In the context of increasing climate-induced risks, local administrations need to enhance
their capacities for climate change adaptation (CCA) and disaster risk reduction (DRR). In response, MCCA
and ECD designed a training course entitled “Building Local Level Resilience to Climate Change in Myanmar”.
The overall aim of the training course is to build the capacity of national and local governments for integrating
CCA and DRR measures into local development plans. The course modules are tailored to equip government
officials with robust knowledge on climate change and its impacts in Myanmar, as well as with analytical and
technical skills on how to develop local CCA and DRR strategies and plans based upon vulnerability assessments...''
Source/publisher:
HABITAT (United Nations Centre for Human Settlements)
Date of publication:
2019-03-26
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-14
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Climate Change - Burma/Myanmar: general, Adaptation, Climate Change - Migration Burma/Myanmar, Urban development, The impact of natural disasters on the environment and people of Burma/Myanmar
Language:
Format :
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Size:
3.86 MB
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Description:
"In 2016 the Myanmar Climate Change Alliance (MCCA), implemented by
UN-Habitat and UN-Environment, on behalf of the Ministry of Natural
Resources and Environmental Conservation, conducted a detailed
climate change vulnerability assessment of Labutta Township, in
collaboration with WWF and Columbia University...."
Source/publisher:
HABITAT (United Nations Centre for Human Settlements)
Date of publication:
2018-00-00
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-14
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Climate Change - Burma/Myanmar: general, Climate Change - Migration Burma/Myanmar, Adaptation, The impact of natural disasters on the environment and people of Burma/Myanmar, The forests of Burma/Myanmar - General
Language:
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2.29 MB
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Description:
"Vulnerability is the degree to which a system is susceptible to, or unable to cope with, the adverse
effects of climate change, including climate variability and extremes. This notion is used to describe
socio-economic, physical and environmental factors, which determine the sensitivity/susceptibility
of a country, town, community or individual to the impact of climate change (e.g. change in seasonal
patterns) and/or hazard (e.g. flood).
For example, socio-economic factors of vulnerability are poverty, low level of awareness on climate
change, and dependence on climate-sensitive agricultural production. Land degradation and
unsustainable natural resources management are environmental factors of vulnerability. For
instance, cutting mangroves in populated coastal areas increases the vulnerability of communities
because mangroves help in reducing wind speed, flooding and coastal erosion. Physical vulnerability
relates to the state of infrastructure and human settlements.
Countries and communities are more vulnerable when they have low adaptive capacity. The latter
specifies their ability to adjust to climate change (including to climate variability and extremes) and
moderate or cope with its potential negative impacts. Adaptive capacity also relates to the ability of
people to take advantage of opportunities and benefits from climate change. For example, a longer
growing season due to changing climate offers opportunity to farmers to increase their income.
However, their adaptive capacity is often constrained by the limited access to knowledge and
technology on how to increase their production under longer growing season conditions.
Adaptation to climate change aims at reducing vulnerability and building climate resilience. Climate
resilience is the ability of a system to (i) absorb stress and cope with climate change and hazards,
including maintaining its basic structure, functions and adaptive capacity, and (ii) recover, adapt and
transform in ways that improve its sustainability, leaving it better prepared for future climate change
impacts. In this context, climate-resilient development of townships of Myanmar suggests
development that ensures townships' ability to cope with current climate and its impact and to
adapt to future climate change, by preserving development gains and minimising damages..."
Source/publisher:
HABITAT (United Nations Centre for Human Settlements)
Date of publication:
2019-03-26
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-14
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Climate Change - Burma/Myanmar: general, Adaptation, Climate Change - Migration Burma/Myanmar, Environmentalists of Burma/Myanmar, Urban development
Language:
Format :
pdf
Size:
2.21 MB
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Description:
"Warming of the Earth's climate system is evident from the observed increases in the average global
air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice, and rising global average sea level.
Weather events of all kinds are getting more extreme. In arid areas, droughts and wildfires intensify.
Number of cold days and nights decreases, while winter temperatures and precipitation become
more extreme. Cities experience more frequent and extreme heat waves.
Temperatures will continue to rise in future. Most scientists agree on the "threshold" of a 2°C
increase in global average temperature on the pre-industrial levels, above which humans and nature
will not be able to cope with the negative effects of climate change. Myanmar is already
experiencing significant losses due to climate change, and without adaptation, country's future
development will be impeded.
There are eight major physiographic regions in Myanmar: the Ayeyarwady Delta, Central Dry Zone,
Northern Hilly Region, Rakhine Coastal Region, Eastern Hilly Region, Southern Coastal Region,
Yangon Deltaic Region, and Southern Interior Region. These regions form three main agroecological
zones: i) Central Dry Zone; ii) Coastal Zone; and iii) Hilly Zone (Figure 1). The latter are used to
describe climate variability and change at the sub-national level.
The country's climate is tropical to subtropical monsoon with three seasons: (i) hot, dry intermonsoonal
(mid-February to mid-May); (ii) rainy southwest monsoon (mid-May to late October);
and (iii) cool, relatively dry northeast monsoon (late October to mid-February). Annual climate
patterns, as well as seasonal temperatures and precipitation vary across the country, as summarized
below..."
Source/publisher:
HABITAT (United Nations Centre for Human Settlements)
Date of publication:
2019-03-26
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-14
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Climate Change - Burma/Myanmar: general, Policies and projects, Climate Change - Migration Burma/Myanmar, Urban development
Language:
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722.38 KB
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Description:
"Myanmar is one of the most vulnerable countries to the negative effects of climate change, and
the majority of Myanmar people are also highly vulnerable to climate variability and natural
disasters. Myanmar’s delta region is exposed to sea level rise and cyclones, and the central dry
zone is vulnerable to drought and floods, and 60% of the population works in agriculture,
livestock and fisheries, which are highly sensitive to climatic variations. Already, changes in the
timing of monsoon rainfall are hurting farmers’ income and food security, along with floods,
droughts, heat and extreme weather events. A contributing factor to the impact of climate
change in Myanmar is the limited understanding and awareness, of both policymakers and the
public, of the risks and potential negative impacts of climate change on economic, social and
environmental development.
The MCCA strategy on awareness-raising concluded that in 2015, a basic awareness of climate
change existed but was still superficial, even for key influential groups such as policymakers
and the media. Myanmar has begun to improve education about environmental issues and
climate change, including incorporation of climate change information into the public education
curriculum (for primary schools and universities), but general awareness is limited. MCCA
surveys showed that people were familiar with basic climate change terms, but did not
understand the concepts. Improving awareness and knowledge about climate change will help
vulnerable communities and sectors to respond effectively to current and future climate change
impacts..."
Source/publisher:
HABITAT (United Nations Centre for Human Settlements)
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-14
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Adaptation, Climate Change - Migration Burma/Myanmar, Urban development, The impact of climate change on the environment of Burma/Myanmar
Language:
Format :
pdf
Size:
178.38 KB
Local URL:
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Description:
"In 2016 the Myanmar Climate Change Alliance, comprised of UNHabitat,
UN-Environment and the Ministry of Natural Resources
and Environmental Conservation, in collaboration with WWF and
Columbia University conducted a detailed climate change vulnerability
assessment of Pakokku Township..."
Source/publisher:
HABITAT (United Nations Centre for Human Settlements)
Date of publication:
2018-00-00
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-14
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Policies and projects, Climate Change - Burma/Myanmar: general, Adaptation, Climate Change - Migration Burma/Myanmar
Language:
Format :
pdf
Size:
1.14 MB
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Description:
"This assessment analyses the vulnerability of the
ecosystem, infrastructure, and socio-economic
conditions in Hakha Township located in Chin State,
Myanmar in relation to present and projected climatic
conditions. It concludes that the current vulnerability
of Hakha Township is high, and with
the predicted changes in climate, decision
makers in Hakha Township will need to plan for
increased flash floods and landslides, strong winds,
increased temperature, and erratic rainfall with
greater amounts of rain within a shorter monsoon
season. Based on these findings, required actions
for building resilience over the medium to long term
are proposed in this report. In 2017–18 the Myanmar Climate Change Alliance (MCCA), implemented by UNHabitat and UN-Environment, in partnership with the Ministry of Natural Resources
and Environmental Conservation and in collaboration with the International
Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), conducted a detailed
climate change vulnerability assessment of Hakha Township, which is located in
the mountainous China State of Myanmar. Chin State spans 36,019 km2 and is
bordered by Sagaing Division and Magway Division to the east, Rakhine State to the
south, Bangladesh to the south-west, and the Indian states of Mizoram to the west
and Manipur to the north (Figure 1). The capital of the state is in Hakha and the
population is approximately 478,801 as per the 2014 Census.
The present study analyses current vulnerability and predicts future vulnerability of
Hakha Township by projecting future changes in climate for a period up to 2050.
On this basis, scenarios that describe the potential impact of climate change and
adaptation solutions to avoid the worst-case future scenario are proposed. These
solutions have been compiled after several consultations with local communities
and decision makers following a bottom-up approach. The study also describes
the expected outcomes and results, and priority activities identified by communities
during the course of the assessment. We use downscaled climate projections that
were developed using ICIMOD datasets at a 10 x 10 km grid for predicting climate
change impacts for the period up to 2050. The projections show an increase in
temperature by as much as 1.7°C in 2050. Rainfall patterns are also predicted to
change, with a possible increase in total annual rainfall by 150–300 mm and a
shortening of the rainy season that will bring more frequent heavy rainfall events..."
Source/publisher:
HABITAT (United Nations Centre for Human Settlements)
Date of publication:
2019-06-24
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-13
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Climate Change - Burma/Myanmar: general, Climate Change - Migration Burma/Myanmar, Glacier reduction - Impact on water supply
Language:
Format :
pdf
Size:
6.37 MB
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Description:
"Based on analysis of data from 1996-2015, Myanmar was ranked second in long-term climate risk
index (Kreft, et al., 2016), indicating higher impacts of climate events within the 10-year period.
This, even with Myanmar recording the least number of climate events among the countries
included in the list (i.e. Myanmar recorded 41 climate events; the nine (9) other countries had
climate events ranging from 44 to 283).
The current socio-economic conditions in Myanmar make it more susceptible to impacts of
hazard events – cutting across lives, livelihoods and assets. Hazard impacts are
disproportionately higher on the poor and vulnerable. With high degree of poverty in Myanmar’s
rural areas, even low-intensity hazards have big impacts on households. In rural communities,
the poor often live in remote areas in low-quality housing, and lack access to basic services and
local infrastructure, all of which affect their ability to deal with hazard events (Government of the
Union of Myanmar, 2015).
Historical hazard events, and their impacts, offer views on the susceptibility of the vulnerable.
Analysis suggests that climate-related events are likely to be exacerbated by climate change, and
their impacts aggravated by environmental degradation (ibid), which are expected to redound to
increased economic and social losses.
Climate information of various timescales (historical data, 1-3 days forecast, 5-10 days forecast,
monthly and seasonal outlook, and long-term climate change projections) could, when applied
seamlessly and meaningfully, reduce the impacts of hazards and promote productivity. Effective
disaster risk management/reduction and improved resilience requires ingestion of climate
information of different timescales in plans and decisions.
Understanding of capacities and gaps in climate information generation and application could
guide interventions for enhancing availability, understanding, translation into sector-relevant
information, and application of most viable response options, for improved disaster risk
reduction and resilience..."
Source/publisher:
HABITAT (United Nations Centre for Human Settlements)
Date of publication:
2019-03-27
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-13
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Climate Change - Burma/Myanmar: general, Climate Change - Migration Burma/Myanmar, Adaptation
Language:
Format :
pdf
Size:
1.83 MB
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Description:
"Myanmar aims to achieve a healthy and happy society that is able to resist
changes in climate regimes and whose economic development will be implemented
through integrated low carbon approaches by 2030. The Myanmar Climate Change
Master Plan (2018-2030) has been formulated and adopted with the view toward
mainstreaming a series of prioritized sectoral short, medium and long term actions
identified in the Myanmar Climate Change Policy and Strategy.
The Myanmar Climate Change Master Plan (2018-2030) showcases the result of
extensive in-depth sectoral consultations and bilateral discussions by line ministerial
departments and enterprises, city development committees, research and academia,
private and non-governmental organizations, civil-society organizations, development
partners from national and international agencies, experts, technical working groups
of Myanmar Climate Change Alliance (MCCA) as well as comments from relevant subnational stakeholders.
The Myanmar Climate Change Master Plan (2018-2030) clearly defines a series
of high-priority activities, their respective strategic indicators, and the responsibilities
of involved stakeholders across six specific sectors prioritized in Myanmar Climate
Change Strategy defined as: “climate-smart agriculture, fisheries and livestock for food
security, sustainable management of natural resources for healthy ecosystems,
resilient and low-carbon energy, transport and industrial systems for sustainable
growth, building resilient, inclusive and sustainable cities and towns in Myanmar,
managing climate risks for people’s health and well-being, and building a resilient
Myanmar society through education, science and technology”.
The Environmental Conservation Department (ECD) has great confidence that
this master plan will provide a guiding roadmap for proactive sectoral preparedness in
tailoring and scaling down the responses needed to address annual climate-induced
natural disasters facing with Myanmar as well as stimulating opportunities for long
term economic development along low carbon pathways. In addition, this Master Plan
serves as an operationalizing framework for ensuring Myanmar’s achievement of its
Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) to the 2015 Global Climate Change Paris
Agreement.....၂၀၃၀ ခုနှစ်တွေင် ရာသီဥတုကဖပာင်းလဲမှုေဏ်ကို ခံနိုင်ရည်ရှိမပီး ကာဗွေန် ုတ်လွှတ်မ ှု
ကလျော့နည်းကသာ ကျေန်းမာကပျော်ရွှင်သည့် ဖမန်မာ့လူမှုအြွေဲ့အစည်းတစ်ရပ်ကို အားလုံးပူးကပါင်းပါဝင်
ကဆာင်ရွက်သည့်နည်းလမ်းဖြင့် ကြာ်ကဆာင်နိုင်ကရးအတွေက် ဖမန်မာနိုင်ငံ ရာသီဥတုကဖပာင်းလဲမှု
ဆိုင်ရာ မူဝါေ နှင့် မဟာဗျေူဟာ ပါ လုပ်ငန်းစဉ်မျေားကို နှစ်တို၊ နှစ်လတ်၊ နှစ်ရှည် ဦးစားကပး
စီမံချေက်မျေားဖြင့် ကဏ္ဍအသီးသီးတွေင် ကပါင်းစပ်အကကာင်အ ည်ကြာ် ကဆာင်ရွက်ရန် ဖမန်မာနိုင်ငံ
ရာသီဥတုကဖပာင်းလဲမှုဆိုင်ရာ ပင်မလုပ်ငန်းအစီအစဉ် (၂၀၁၈-၂၀၃၀) ကို ကရးဆွေဲချေမှတ်ဖခင်း
ဖြစ်ပါသည်။
ဖမန်မာနိုင်ငံ ရာသီဥတုကဖပာင်းလဲမှုဆိုင်ရာ ပင်မလုပ်ငန်းအစီအစဉ် (၂၀၁၈-၂၀၃၀) သည်
ဆက်စပ်ဝန်ကကီးဌာနမျေားမှ ဦးစီးဌာနမျေား နှင့် လုပ်ငန်းဌာနမျေား၊ မမို့ကတာ်စည်ပင်သာယာကရး
ကကာ်မတ ီမျေား၊ သုကတသန နှင့် ပညာကရး အြွေဲ့အစည်းမျေား၊ ပုဂ္ဂလိကကဏ္ဍ၊ အစိုးရမဟုတ်ကသာ
အြွေဲ့အစည်းမျေားကဏ္ဍနှင့် အရပ်ြက် လူမှုအြွေဲ့အစည်းမျေား၊ ဖပည်တ ွေင်းဖပည်ပ မိတ်ြက်
အြွေဲ့အစည်းမျေားမှ ကိုယ်စားလှယ်မျေား၊ ဖမန်မာရာသီဥတု ကဖပာင်းလဲမှုဆိုင်ရာ ပူးကပါင်းကဆာင်ရွက်မှု
အစီအစဉ် (Myanmar Climate Change Alliance - MCCA) ၏ နည်းပညာလုပ်ငန်းအြွေဲ့ဝင်မျေားဖြင့်
ဦးစားကပးကဏ္ဍအလိုက် အကသးစိတ်ကတွေ့ဆုံကဆွေးကနွေးဖခင်း၊ နှစ်ဦးနှစ်ြက် ကတွေ့ဆုံကဆွေးကနွေးဖခင်း၊
တိုင်းကေသကကီး/ဖပည်နယ်မျေား အပါအဝင် ဆက်စပ်ပါဝင်သူမျေားအားလုံး၏ သကဘာ ားအကကံဖပု
ချေက်မျေားရယူဖခင်း စသည့် အားလုံးပူးကပါင်းပါဝင် ကကိုးစားမှု၏ ရလေ်တစ်ခုဖြစ်ပါသည်။..."
Source/publisher:
HABITAT (United Nations Centre for Human Settlements)
Date of publication:
2019-05-27
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-13
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Adaptation, Climate Change - Migration Global, Climate Change - Burma/Myanmar: general
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Description:
"The Republic of the Union of Myanmar is firmly engaged in a
historic process of development, democratization, justice and
peace. However, the ability of our country to reach the targets
under the Sustainable Development Plan, National Comprehensive
Plan, and our peace efforts could be faced an obstacle by observed
and future changes in climate.
In the last six decades the country has recorded increased
intensity of floods, cyclones, and droughts which have caused
immense loss of lives and suffering, damage to infrastructure and
assets and economic impacts. In addition, more silent, yet very
disruptive, effects of climate change are eroding our society’s
wellbeing and productive capacities. In particular, the shrinking of the Monsoon season, the increase in average annual temperatures
and the salinization of land in coastal areas are reducing the
productivity of agriculture, and consequently livelihood
opportunities, which induce many to migrate within Myanmar and
abroad. Climate change effects also provoke displacement, both
as a result of sudden disasters or, for instance, the loss of land to
sea-level rise and erosion, which heighten the potential for
conflict and tensions among communities......ပည်ေထာင်စုသမ္မတခမန်မာနိုင်ငဳသည် သမိုင်ဵတွင်ကျေန်ရစ်မည်ဴ ဒီမိုကေရစီ
ခပုခပင်ေခပာင်ဵလဲမှု၊ တရာဵမျှေတမှုနှင်ဴ ငငိမ်ဵြေျေမ်ဵေရဵ၊ ဖွဳ့ငဖိုဵ တိုဵတက်မှုေဖာ်ေဆာင်ေရဵ
လုပ်ငန်ဵစဉ်မျောဵကို ြေိုင်မာစွာ အေကာင်အထည်ေဖာ်ေဆာင်လျေက်ရှိပါသည်။
သို့ရာတွင် လက်ရှိကကုဳေတွ့ေနရငပီဵအနာဂတ် ကာလတွင်လည်ဵ ကကုဳေတွ့ရဖွယ်ရှိ
သည်ဴ ရာသီဥတုေခပာင်ဵလဲမှုမျောဵသည် ငငိမ်ဵြေျေမ်ဵေရဵကကိုဵပမ်ဵတည်ေဆာက်မှုမျောဵ၊
စဉ်ဆက်မခပတ် ဖွဳ့ငဖိုဵတိုဵတက်မှု ပန်ဵတိုင်မျောဵနှင်ဴ အမျေ ိုဵသာဵဘက်စုဳ ဖွဳ့ငဖိုဵ
တိုဵတက်မှု ရည်မှန်ဵြေျေက်မျောဵသို့ ေရာက်ရှိေရဵေဆာင်ရွက်ရာတွင် အဟန့်အတာဵ
တစ်ြေုသဖွယ် ခဖစ်ေနပါသည်။
လွန်ြေဲဴေသာ နှစ်ေပါင်ဵ (၆၀) ကာလအတွင်ဵ နိုင်ငဳအနှဳ့အခပာဵတွင် ေရကကီဵ
ခြေင်ဵ၊ မုန်တိုင်ဵတိုက်ြေတ်ခြေင်ဵနှင်ဴ မိုဵေြေါင်ခြေင်ဵတို့ ပိုမိုခပင်ဵထန်စွာ ခဖစ်ပွာဵြေဲဴေသာ
ေ ကာင်ဴ အသက်အိုဵအိမ် စည်ဵစိမ်မျောဵ ပျေက်စီဵဆုဳဵရှုဳဵမှု၊ လမ်ဵတဳတာဵ ဆက်သွယ်ေရဵ
အပါအဝင် အေခြေြေဳအေဆာက်အဦမျောဵ ပျေက်စီဵမှုနှင်ဴ စီဵပွာဵေရဵထိြေိုက်မှုမျောဵ ခဖစ်ေပါ်
ြေဲဴပါသည်။ ထို့ခပင် ခပင်ဵထန်ေသာ ရာသီဥတု၏ ဆိုဵကျေ ိုဵသက်ေရာက်မှုမျောဵသည..."
Source/publisher:
HABITAT (United Nations Centre for Human Settlements)
Date of publication:
2019-00-00
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-13
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Climate Change - Burma/Myanmar: general, Climate Change - Migration Burma/Myanmar
Language:
Format :
pdf
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561.75 KB
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Description:
"Myanmar has achieved significant growth in recent years, and projections
indicate that growth will accelerate due to lower levels of political uncertainty and
strong investment (WEF 2016). However, the impacts of climate change have already
undermined development outcomes and will continue to do so for future development
outcomes if these impacts are not managed or addressed.
The observed and projected changes in climate include a general increase in
temperature, variation in rainfall and an increased occurrence and severity of extreme
weather events such as cyclones, floods, droughts, intense rains and extreme high
temperatures. The country is also experiencing a decrease in the duration of the
southwest monsoon season due to its late onset and early retreat (NAPA 2013).
Current patterns of socioeconomic development rely on climate-sensitive sectors
and regions. For example, agriculture is the largest economic sector, contributing to 30
percent of GDP and employing to 61 percent of the labour force (MOAI 2014). An increase
in the frequency and severity of extreme weather events has caused a decline in
agricultural productivity, which has resulted in a decrease in GDP and household income
and rising food insecurity (MOAI 2015). Myanmar's population and economic activities
are concentrated in disaster risk-prone areas such as the Delta, Coastal and Central Dry
Zones, which are highly exposed to hazards and have both high poverty levels and low
response capacity. Coastal regions are particularly at risk from sea level rise and
cyclones, while the lowlands and Central Dry Zone are vulnerable to the impacts of
floods and droughts, respectively. Communities and businesses located in at-risk regions
and reliant on climate-sensitive economic activities are particularly vulnerable to the
impacts of climate change (NAPA 2013; IPCC 2014).
Due to its exposure and sensitivity to current and projected weather patterns,
Myanmar is extremely vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. In the past 20 years
(1995–2014), it has been exposed to 41 extreme weather events resulting in a death toll
of 7, 146 (annual average) inhabitants and an annual average of 0.74 percent loss per.....ြပည်ေထာင်စုသမ္မတ ြမန်မာနိုင်ငဳေတာ်အစိုဵရ၊ သယဳဇာတနှင်ဴ သဘာဝပတ်ဝန်ဵ ျင်
ထိန်ဵသိမ်ဵေရဵဝန်က ီဵဌာန (MONREC)သည် ဤမဟာဗျူဟာ ေရဵဆွဲြပုစုရာတွင် ပူဵေပါင်ဵပါဝင်ေသာ
ြမန်မာဴရာသီဥတုေြပာင်ဵလဲမှုဆိုင်ရာ ပူဵေပါင်ဵေဆာင်ရွ ်မှုအစီအစဉ်(MCCA) ၏ စီမဳ ိန်ဵဆိုင်ရာ
ဦဵေဆာင်ေ ာ်မတီအဖွဲ့ဝင်မျာဵအာဵလုဳဵ၏ လမ်ဵညွှန်မှုမျာဵနှင်ဴ နည်ဵပညာလုပ်ငန်ဵ အဖွဲ့ဝင်မျာဵ
အာဵလုဳဵ၏ ဝိုင်ဵဝန်ဵ ူညီပဳဴပိုဵမှုမျာဵ ို အေလဵထာဵအသိအမှတ်ြပုပါသည်။ နည်ဵပညာလုပ်ငန်ဵ
အဖွဲ့တွင် အဓိ ျေသာ ဝန်က ီဵဌာနမျာဵ၊ ဦဵစီဵဌာနမျာဵ၊ ေနြပည်ေတာ်၊ ရန် ုန်နှင်ဴ မန္တေလဵမမို့မျာဵ
၏ မမို့ေတာ်စည်ပင်သာယာေရဵေ ာ်မတီဝင်မျာဵ၊ ပညာေရဵအဖွဲ့အစည်ဵမျာဵ၊ ြပည်ေထာင်စုသမ္မတ
ြမန်မာနိုင်ငဳ ုန်သည်မျာဵနှင်ဴစ ်မှုလ ်မှုလုပ်ငန်ဵရှင်မျာဵအသင်ဵချုပ်(UMFCCI)၊ ြမန်မာဴပတ်ဝန်ဵ ျင်
ထူေထာင်ထိန်ဵသိမ်ဵေရဵ ွန်ရ ် (MERN) အပါအဝင် လူမှုအဖွဲ့အစည်ဵမျာဵ၊ ပတ်ဝန်ဵ ျင်ထိန်ဵသိမ်ဵ
ေရဵ နှငဴ် ရာသီဥတုေြပာင်ဵလဲမှု လုပ်ငန်ဵနယ်ပယ်မျာဵတွင် ေဆာင်ရွ ်ေနသညဴ် လူမှု အဖွဲ့အစည်ဵမျာဵ၊
ြမန်မာနိုင်ငဳအင်ဂျင်နီယာအသင်ဵနှငဴ် ဖွဳ့မဖိုဵမှု မိတ်ဖ ်အဖွဲ့အစည်ဵမျာဵြဖစ်ေသာ ုလသမဂ္ဂဖွဳ့မဖိုဵမှု
အစီအစဉ် (UNDP)၊ သဘာဝေဘဵအန္တရာယ် ေလျှောဴချေရဵလုပ်ငန်ဵအဖွဲ့၊ ပတ်ဝန်ဵ ျင် ဏ္ဍလုပ်ငန်ဵ
အဖွဲ့၊ သစ်ေတာြပုန်ဵတီဵြခင်ဵနှင်ဴ သစ်ေတာအတန်ဵအစာဵ ျဆင်ဵြခင်ဵမှ ာဗွန်ထုတ်လွှတ်မှု
ေလျှောဴချြခင်ဵအစီအစဉ် (UN-REDD+)၊ Plan International၊ မ္ဘာလုဳဵဆိုင်ရာ သဘာဝပတ်ဝန်ဵ ျင်
ရန်ပုဳေငွအဖွဲ့ (WWF-ြမန်မာ)တို့ပါဝင်ပါသည်။ အဆိုပါအဖွဲ့အစည်ဵမျာဵမှ ပုဂ္ဂိုလ်မျာဵသည် လ ်ေတွ့
ေဆာင်ရွ ်နိုင်မညဴ် ဤမဟာဗျူဟာ ို ေရဵဆွဲနိုင်ရန် ၎င်ဵတို့၏ တန်ဖိုဵရှိလှေသာ ယူဆချ ်မျာဵ၊
အက ဳဉာဏ်မျာဵနှင်ဴ ဗျူဟာေြမာ ်အြမင်မျာဵ ို ဝိုင်ဵဝန်ဵပဳဴပိုဵေပဵခဲဴက ပါသည်။..."
Source/publisher:
HABITAT (United Nations Centre for Human Settlements)
Date of publication:
2019-05-27
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-13
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
HABITAT - Burma/Myanmar, Adaptation, Climate Change - Migration Burma/Myanmar, Climate Change - Burma/Myanmar: general
Language:
Format :
pdf pdf
Size:
2.27 MB 4.07 MB
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