Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO)
Websites/Multiple Documents
Description:
Google Search: About 3,080 results (0.42 seconds) - 2019-06-17.....FAO site search: About 2,950 results (0.18 seconds) - 2019-06-17
Source/publisher:
Google and FAO sites
Date of publication:
2019-06-17
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-17
Grouping:
Websites/Multiple Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO)
Language:
English
more
Description:
A major collection of maps of Burma/Myanmar, notably agricultural maps... "This web page provides an overview of resources prepared by the Natural Resources Department of FAO about the area, the people, the environment (soils, climate) and the agriculture of Myanmar. Whenever possible, information referring specifically to the area affected by cyclone NARGIS at the beginning of May was included. Since most of the material is not metadata, but actual products, they can be used directly by relief-workers, planners, and those responsible for reconstruction.
House of a farmer/fisherman under floods during the monsoon season; Nyaungdone Island, Ayeyarwady Delta, October 1997, © J. Martinez-Beltran, FAO/NRL
The information is organised in 5 sections (see box on the left): (1) the current page with some general data, tools, maps, etc.; (2) downloadable digital and printed atlases about the agriculture of Myanmar; (3) maps from the GeoNetwork digital library developed and maintained by FAO. Geonetwork transparently points to external as well as internal data sources; (4) agroclimatic charts and crop calendars and; (5) miscellaneous publications in the technical series of the Organisation, covering all the sectors from fisheries, forestry, food security, crops, livestock, and coast management..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2008-05-27
Date of entry/update:
2008-05-28
Grouping:
Websites/Multiple Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Cyclone Nargis: Individual documents, Maps and satellite imagery
Language:
English
more
Description:
General Information;
Sustainable Development;
Economic situation;
Agriculture sector;
Forestry sector;
Fishery sector;
Technical Cooperation.
Source/publisher:
FAO
Date of entry/update:
2007-11-27
Grouping:
Websites/Multiple Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO)
Language:
English
more
Description:
Google Search: About 332 results (0.27 seconds) - 2019-06-17.....FAO site search: About 320 results (0.14 seconds) - 2019-06-17
Source/publisher:
Google and FAO sites
Date of publication:
2019-06-17
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-17
Grouping:
Websites/Multiple Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO)
Language:
English
more
Source/publisher:
FAO/Google
Date of entry/update:
2009-01-29
Grouping:
Websites/Multiple Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO)
Language:
English
more
Individual Documents
Topic:
Agriculture, Recovery and Reconstruction
Sub-title:
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the Government of Myanmar's Department of Agriculture (DoA) recently conducted a series of training sessions to support the capacity development of farmers and technical experts. The training aimed to support and restore the agricultural production and livelihoods of communities affected by the heavy monsoon rains in southern Myanmar.
Topic:
Agriculture, Recovery and Reconstruction
Description:
"A total of 214 farmers from communities in Mon and Kayin States and Tanintharyi Region participated in face-to-face training sessions in the following topics.
Good Agricultural Practices: The topics covered in this session included farming practices such as vegetable production, soil fertility management and the proper use of fertilizers to help farmers improve their yields. Participating farmers gained knowledge on practices aimed towards enhancing the production of safe, high quality food, promoting environmentally friendly agricultural practices, and ensuring the welfare of farm workers.
Climate-Smart Agriculture: The training session was designed to help farmers understand how climate-induced shocks affect the agricultural sector and share climate-smart agricultural practices that enable families to improve production in a sustainable manner.
Nutrition: The session covered topics related to basic nutrition including a balanced diet, meal planning, food hygiene, and the special feeding needs of children, women and men.
Improving Knowledge: Post-Monsoon Forums
In relation to strengthening early warning early action systems, FAO and the Myanmar Department of Meteorology and Hydrology organized virtual Post-Monsoon Forums in December 2020 for technical officers from relevant line ministries and agencies to share experiences, challenges and lessons learned during the 2020 southwest monsoon season. Some 200 technical officers participated in the discussions which aimed to review the southwest monsoon seasonal forecasts and seasonal climate and water level forecasts in Mon and Kayin States and Tanintharyi Region. Furthermore, the forums also aimed to solicit feedback from end users on the usability of the forecasts and recommendations to enhance the early warning system in order to respond to potential disasters through early action.
Participants raised recommendations, gaps and challenges such as the need for meteorological information technology training for DoA staff, dissemination of real-time meteorological information, capacity development on collection and storage of meteorological records, installation of weather sensors in townships (where there are no meteorological centers in the region) and strengthened coordination and sharing of meteorological information and forecast reports with the DoA..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) (Rome) via "Reliefweb" (New York)
Date of publication:
2021-01-06
Date of entry/update:
2021-01-07
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research, Agricultural Land, Commodities - agricultural products, Adaptation to climate change, Sustainable agriculture - Burma/Myanmar, Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Food Security and nutrition in Burma/Myanmar, Sustainable/alternative development in and for Burma, Urban development
Language:
more
Title: Towards innovative, conflict-sensitive and human rights-based approaches to forest monitoring
Sub-title:
With the support of Finland, a national-scale forest inventory will be implemented in Myanmar, including in areas with security and conflict issues
Description:
"The Governments of Myanmar and Finland today launched a trailblazing project designed to allow for monitoring of forests in a manner that is sensitive to local conflicts and protects human rights.
The five-year project will be led by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) thanks to a EUR 8 million endowment from the Government of Finland, a consistent partner in the promotion of environmental sustainability.
The project is innovative in taking a conflict sensitive and human rights-based approach to forest monitoring. This has global relevance as it will provide insights into how to bolster sustainable forests in other fragile countries affected by conflicts that are frequently exacerbated by disputes over tenure and access to natural resources.
"Actions to monitor and measure Myanmar's forests have great potential to deliver benefits for multiple purposes. In Myanmar there are many conflicts or mixed governance land areas, which pose particular challenges in working and engaging ethnic peoples and stakeholders in the measurement of forests," said Xiaojie Fan, FAO Representative to the country. "While performing the technical tasks of forest inventories, this new project will ensure that the socio-political and cultural context is explicitly addressed through appropriate conflict sensitive and Rights based approaches."
The virtual signing ceremony for the project was held in Myanmar's capital Nya Pyi Taw today and attended by the Director General of Myanmar's Forestry Department, Finland's Ambassador to Myanmar, and the FAO Representative to Myanmar.
"The project is innovative in developing an approach to National Forest Inventory (NFI) in areas with security and conflict issues; a much needed approach with global application. NFI involves the physical measurement of the trees and forest on the ground, which is essential for accurate information on forests, and the corner stone of National Forest Monitoring Systems", said Julian Fox, FAO's Team Leader of national forest monitoring. "Accurate forest monitoring is the foundation of natural resource management decision making as well as contributing to global efforts to preserve biodiversity and fight against climate change", he added..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) (Rome) via "Reliefweb" (New York)
Date of publication:
2020-06-16
Date of entry/update:
2020-06-17
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
more
Description:
"This policy bulletin has three main objectives: (i) to outline key risks and policy options to address COVID-19 impacts on the agriculture and food sector in Myanmar, (ii) to facilitate policy dialogue with MOALI around concrete policy objectives to address the COVID-19 emergency in the short and long-term, and (iii) to support coordination of Myanmar‟s Agriculture and Rural Development Sector Coordination Group and its key recommendations.
Myanmar‟s social and economic fabric, like most countries around the world, is being strained by COVID-19. Health systems are under enormous pressure, people are experiencing high levels of stress due to restricted mobility and fear of outbreaks, and economies and food system are under increasing pressure. On 10 March 2020, Myanmar‟s State Counsellor H.E. Daw Aung San Suu Kyi noted that Myanmar‟s economy “was suffering from the fallout of the COVID 19 outbreak that has already spread worldwide.” In tandem, The World Bank has predicted a slowing of economic growth in Myanmar, down from 6.3% to 2 or 3% in the 2019-20 fiscal year. As reported in The Frontier on March 30th, “In Myanmar, the 'cure' for COVID could be deadlier than the disease”.
There are a number of potential impacts of COVID-19 on food security and livelihoods in Myanmar.
These include i) disruption of food product market chains due to decreased production and transport constraints affecting both producers and consumers; ii) volatility of prices that could create social tensions and conflict iii) decline in household income sources, livelihoods and purchasing power; iv) and fatalities, should COVID-19 spread seriously across urban and rural areas. It can be expected that households with direct incidences of COVID-19 will be the most severely affected through the loss of labour opportunities and income, incurred expenses, and decreased agricultural production. Those already economically disadvantaged, suffering from food insecurity and malnutrition, or vulnerable to socio-economic shocks, natural hazards and conflict are more likely to suffer severely from COVID-19 as it will deepen their vulnerability in the short and long-term..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) (Rome) via "Reliefweb" (New York)
Date of publication:
2020-06-09
Date of entry/update:
2020-06-09
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research, COVID-19 (Coronavirus)
Language:
Format :
pdf
Size:
254.83 KB
more
Description:
"Fire is an important factor in the management of many forests, woodlands and other vegetation types. It can be an efficient management tool for clearing land, removing debris and reducing fuel loads. However, uncontrolled forest wildfire can have severe negative impacts on human health, livelihoods, assets, air and water quality and biodiversity.
According to the Fire Management Global Assessment of FAO, an estimated 350 million hectares of land was affected by wildfire in the millennium year 2000 and approximately the same area is burned on average each year – much of which is forest and woodland, with a wide range of negative impacts on people and the provision of forest products and environmental services. In Myanmar, wildfires are a serious problem with local and wide reaching regional impacts. Myanmar has highest burn rate in Southeast Asia and ranks 11th globally in terms of forest fires. Between 2003 and 2012, more than 17.732 million hectares burned in Myanmar.
Realizing the importance of enhancing the fire management capabilities of all actors globally, for more than 60 years, FAO has made dedicated efforts to strengthen the capacities of member countries in forest fire management. FAO’s contribution on fire management includes the production of Fire Management Voluntary Guidelines (2006) and ongoing work of making fire remote sensing data available combined with other data sets to improve the understanding of fires. FAO is working with partners on a Fire Management Dashboard that integrates remote sensing and GIS data in partnership with other stakeholders around the world.
In addition, over the years, many fire management projects were implemented in member countries. In order to address the issues related to various types of fires in Myanmar, FAO initiates this technical cooperation project entitled “Integrated National Strategic Action Plan on Fire Management in Myanmar”.
Stocktaking and analysis on relevant policy, legal, institutional framework as well as existing fire management practices; and the establishment of a Multi-Stakeholder Platform to enhance enabling environment in support of emerging climate-smart fire management will be contributed under this project..."
Source/publisher:
FAO (Myanmar)
Date of publication:
2019-09-18
Date of entry/update:
2019-11-24
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO)
Language:
more
Description:
"Fire is an important factor in the management of many forests, woodlands and other vegetation types. It can be an efficient management tool for clearing land, removing debris and reducing fuel loads. However, uncontrolled forest wildfire can have severe negative impacts on human health, livelihoods, assets, air and water quality and biodiversity.
According to the Fire Management Global Assessment of FAO, an estimated 350 million hectares of land was affected by wildfire in the millennium year 2000 and approximately the same area is burned on average each year – much of which is forest and woodland, with a wide range of negative impacts on people and the provision of forest products and environmental services. In Myanmar, wildfires are a serious problem with local and wide reaching regional impacts. Myanmar has highest burn rate in Southeast Asia and ranks 11th globally in terms of forest fires. Between 2003 and 2012, more than 17.732 million hectares burned in Myanmar.
Realizing the importance of enhancing the fire management capabilities of all actors globally, for more than 60 years, FAO has made dedicated efforts to strengthen the capacities of member countries in forest fire management. FAO’s contribution on fire management includes the production of Fire Management Voluntary Guidelines (2006) and ongoing work of making fire remote sensing data available combined with other data sets to improve the understanding of fires. FAO is working with partners on a Fire Management Dashboard that integrates remote sensing and GIS data in partnership with other stakeholders around the world.
In addition, over the years, many fire management projects were implemented in member countries. In order to address the issues related to various types of fires in Myanmar, FAO initiates this technical cooperation project entitled “Integrated National Strategic Action Plan on Fire Management in Myanmar”.
Stocktaking and analysis on relevant policy, legal, institutional framework as well as existing fire management practices; and the establishment of a Multi-Stakeholder Platform to enhance enabling environment in support of emerging climate-smart fire management will be contributed under this project..."
Source/publisher:
FAO (Myanmar)
Date of publication:
2019-09-18
Date of entry/update:
2019-11-24
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO)
Language:
more
Description:
"Myanmar has a long history of good forest management and for centuries its timber products, especially natural teak, have been highly valued the world over. In recent decades, however, increased demand for timber, combined with reduced enforcement capacity and conflict in border areas, have seen an upsurge in illegal logging, which has resulted in loss and degradation of Myanmar forests. Realizing the situation, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation (MoNREC) is making significant efforts to restore Myanmar’s reputation as a supplier of high-quality timber products from sustainably managed forests.
FAO, through FAO-EU FLEGT (Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade) Programme, has been supporting MoNREC in improving the Myanmar Timber Legality Assurance System (MTLAS) by analyzing the “gaps” in the system in the context of internationally recognized principles, requirements and best practices. The 2017 MTLAS Gap Analysis highlighted the requirement to enhance the system’s transparency and accountability.
In this regard, MoNREC developed the Chain-of-Custody (CoC) dossier as part of its commitment towards FLEGT process and its crucial principles of transparency and accountability. The dossier aims at assisting operators who trade timber products to demonstrate that the timber used have been legally sourced and the products have been legally produced. FAO-EU FLEGT Programme supports this CoC dossier through the “Promoting understanding of the Chain-of-Custody to support national dialogue on developing a timber legality definition” Project..."
Source/publisher:
FAO (Myanmar)
Date of publication:
2019-09-03
Date of entry/update:
2019-11-24
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), The forests of Burma/Myanmar - general, Timber trade
Language:
more
Description:
"Myanmar Vice President U Henry Van Thio has called for working towards the production of food safe for consumption and the development of living standard in rural areas to properly feed the growing population and nurture the future generation into healthy and able-bodied citizens.
The vice president made the call at a function in Nay Pyi Taw Wednesday to mark the World Food Day, according to the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation Thursday.
"Such a monumental task required the assistance of the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) and the effective implementation of government policies with public cooperation," he said.
Only an absence of hunger can bring about nutritional sufficiency and robust health and can elevate education and drive socio-economic development, he added.
While Myanmar was receiving international assistance to meet the development goals, he reminded that Myanmar people must be the main drivers for change..."
Source/publisher:
"Xinhua" (China)
Date of publication:
2019-10-17
Date of entry/update:
2019-10-17
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food Security and nutrition in Burma/Myanmar, Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Rural development in Burma/Myanmar
Language:
more
Sub-title:
The Myanmar Government and the UN’s agriculture agency signed on Tuesday a multi-year agreement that will create conditions to help improve nutrition and food security in the south-east Asian country, while safeguarding and sustainably managing the use of
Description:
"“The agriculture sector has a major role to play in addressing [the] sustained rates of food insecurity and malnutrition through agricultural diversification and rural income generation,” Kundhavi Kadiresan, Assistant Director-General and Regional Representative for Asia and the Pacific of the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), said at the launch of the accord in Nay Pyi Taw.
The Country Programming Framework (CPF) was signed by U Than Aung Kyaw, Director General, Foreign Economic Relations Department (FERD), Ministry of Investment and Foreign Economic Relations (MIFER) and Ms Xiaojie Fan, FAO Representative in Myanmar.
The launch of the CPF follows intensive consultations and agreements with the Ministry of Planning and Finance and relevant line ministries, civil society organizations (CSOs), the private sector and other development partners.
Specifically, the CPF intends to help the Government achieve three primary goals.
Enhanced food security, nutrition and food safety
Strengthened governance and sustainable management of land, forests, water resources and ecosystems
Enhanced resilience of local communities and farming households to natural and humanitarian disasters, climate change and transboundary and emerging infectious disease risks.
Despite having reached a state of self-sufficiency in staple foods, food insecurity, particularly seasonal food insecurity, remain a concern across Myanmar, which risks being worsened due to climate and weather-related shocks and instances of social instability..."
Source/publisher:
"UN News"
Date of publication:
2019-02-19
Date of entry/update:
2019-08-25
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
more
Description:
''Agricultural production throughout Rakhine State is generally constrained by a number of structural issues, such as inadequate access to land, low productivity, shortages of casual labour, limited credit availability and general lack of systematic, timely and efficient training and extension services to farmers. Continuous exposure to natural disasters and socio-political conditions further impair opportunities in agriculture.
The 2017/18 harvest of monsoon paddy, harvested by December 2017, was reported to be average to slightly above average in the southern (Kyaukphyu and Thandwe) and central (Sittwe and Mrauk-U) districts. In Maungdaw District, vast tracks of rice fields were deemed not to be harvested. Given that the Mission took place well after the harvest and before planting, it was unable to verify the situation on the ground but farmers interviewed confirmed the claim. No economically significant outbreaks of pests or diseases were reported in the season.
Production of winter crops (mostly groundnuts and vegetables) in the 2017/18 season in the southern and central parts was reported to be average. In Maungdaw District, production remained low as many fields were not sown.
Due to lack of precipitation or fresh water storage, summer (dry season) paddy production in the State is limited.
Possible scenarios for the 2018 main monsoon paddy season varied by location. In the southern districts, assuming normal weather conditions, the rice production was likely to resemble the previous years. In the central part, planting intentions reported by farmers were similar to the previous years, although labour shortages were likely to constrain overall production. In the north, areas planted were likely to be well below average due to reduced population, constrained access to field and limited availability of labour, draft animals and agricultural inputs, in particular seeds and fertilizers...''
Source/publisher:
"Reliefweb" via World Food Programme, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Date of publication:
2019-07-29
Date of entry/update:
2019-08-13
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
WFP (World Food Programme), Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research, Food Security - global and regional literature
Language:
Format :
pdf
Size:
1.7 MB
more
Description:
"After late start, near-average monsoon rains facilitated plantings and early crop development
Rice exports in 2019 forecast at above-average level
Wholesale prices of “Emata” rice increased seasonally in June but remained below last year’s levels
Persistent conflicts severely affect large numbers of people
After late start, near-average monsoon rains facilitated plantings and crop development
Planting of the predominantly rainfed main season paddy crop, which accounts for more than 80 percent of the annual production, normally starts in May, with the onset of the monsoon rains, and continues until July.
In 2019, the monsoon rains started in the second dekad of June, almost three weeks later than the normal onset. Since then, near‑average rainfall favoured planting operations and improved vegetation conditions of germinating crops in the main paddy producing areas. Between May and June, well below-average rains were reported in some important rice producing areas, including Sagaing and Mandalay regions (both located in the central dry zone and in part irrigated) and Shan State. Rainfed parts in these areas have already exhibited below-normal vegetation conditions, rising concerns on the impact on yield potential (see VHI map). A short period of torrential rains in the first dekad of July increased river levels, causing flooding and minor crop losses in localized areas of Kachin, Rakhine, Chin and Mon states, and Bago and Sagain regions. Overall, the area planted is estimated to be close to the previous year’s high level supported by strong domestic demand and the effects of the official programmes promoting rice production. The 2019 secondary season crops, for harvest in the second quarter of 2020, will be planted at the end of the year.
Planting of the 2019 main maize crop started in June and is expected to continue until August. Below-average rains in June in key producing areas, including Shan State and Sagain Region, caused some delays to planting operations. However, if rains improve in the next weeks, it is still possible that planted area reaches the previous year’s high level. Maize is expected to be a preferred crop by farmers due to strong demand from the domestic feed market and from China (Mainland). Some concerns exist due to localized damages caused by Fall Armyworm (FAW). According to the latest information from Myanmar’s Plant Protection Division, so far, the FAW affected only 5 200 hectares or about 1 percent of the 2019 main crop, mostly in Shan State and Bago and Sagaing regions.
Rice exports in 2019 forecast at above‑average level
Rice exports in 2019 are forecast at 2.4 million tonnes, well above the five-year average, on expectations of ample exportable availabilities and increased demand, particularly from China (Mainland). In 2019, the two countries have signed some agreements aiming at facilitating trade.
The country exports also small quantities of maize. In the 2019/20 marketing year (July/June), maize exports are forecast to be close to the previous record level, reflecting the continuing strong demand from China (Mainland).
Wholesale prices of “Emata” rice increased seasonally in June
Wholesale prices of “Emata” rice (known as “Indica” rice), the most consumed variety in the country, registered steady declines between March and May 2019, weighed by the 2018 bumper harvests and lower demand for exports. In June, prices increased by 6 percent in line with seasonal trends, reflecting tightening market availabilities. Overall, in June, prices were below their year-earlier levels.
Persistent conflicts severely affect large numbers of people
Persistent conflicts since the resurgence of violence in Rakhine State in late August 2017 triggered large-scale population displacement. According to the latest data from UNOCHA (May 2019), an estimated 160 000 people were internally displaced in Rakhine State and 106 500 in Kachin and northern Shan states. In Rakhine State, the livelihoods of the affected population have been further exacerbated by limitations of movement. In addition, as of May 2019, an estimated 910 000 refugees from Myanmar sought refuge in Cox’s Bazar District in Bangladesh due to the ongoing conflict. Most IDPs are affected by high levels of food insecurity as the conflict is hampering the delivery of adequate humanitarian assistance and impending the restoration of local livelihoods. The July floods affected large numbers of people, displaced at least 21 000 individuals, resulted in losses of stored crops and seeds as well as small livestock..."
Source/publisher:
reliefweb via Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Date of publication:
2019-07-19
Date of entry/update:
2019-07-24
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Food Security in Burma/Myanmar - web searches, specialised groups, reports and statistics, Rice
Language:
Format :
pdf
Size:
145.37 KB
more
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2017-11-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-19
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research, Food Security in Burma/Myanmar - web searches, specialised groups, reports and statistics
Language:
English
Format :
PDF
Size:
746.32 KB
more
Description:
"ES1 The Rakhine case study contributes to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United
Nations (FAO) Myanmar Country Programme Evaluation (CPE) from 2011 to 2016. This case
study seeks to provide a collective picture of FAO emergency response interventions in
Rakhine State over the course of the programme period under review and inform future
emergency and recovery programming in the region...ES2 Central and northern Rakhine State (NRS) experienced recurrent natural disasters and
several intercommunity conflicts. The region’s population is generally divided into two
major religious groups further characterized by their ethnic origins. These differences, in
addition to other factors, have resulted in violent confrontations beginning in 2012, causing
loss of life and destruction of farms and infrastructure. Floods, mudslides and cyclones
along with the sporadic violence have displaced many households over the years. Those
who remain in their villages face similar risks, with limited attention and support services...ES3 The study covered six emergency and recovery/rehabilitation projects where FAO
responded to humanitarian emergencies brought about by disasters or conflict from 2011
to 2015 in six townships in central and northern Rakhine State. This includes: Buthidaung,
Kyauktaw, Maungdaw, Minbya, Mrauk U, and Sittwe. The study involved review of project
documents and consultations with various stakeholders in Rakhine, and interviews with
beneficiary households and communities...ES4 FAO’s response provided seeds for rice, pulses, ground nut, and vegetable, fertilizers,
bio-pesticides and agricultural inputs, livestock (cattle, goats, poultry), fishing gears and
equipment, rehabilitation of infrastructure, training in improved agro-technological and
livestock production...ES5 There is general positive feedback on the inputs provided by FAO in various projects
gathered from post-distribution surveys and group discussions. Among the positive
characteristics are the good quality in the rice, legume and vegetable seeds, fertilizers and
livestock (cattle and buffalo are more preferred for farming)...ES6 FAO’s strong partnership with the government provided needed support for its activities.
However, there is general weakness in FAO’s partnership with other development agencies
and civil society organization in Rakhine...ES7 The impact of FAO’s intervention has been in preventing farmers from spiralling into
further debt; however, the positive impact of FAO’s support remains short-term due to the
recurring shocks faced by communities over the course of a year. A number of the project
areas were beset with landslides, floods and saltwater intrusion due to strong wind and
rains during or immediately after project implementation...ES8 There is conscious effort in FAO implementation to target women, female headed
households and vulnerable groups with limited economic opportunities, especially in the
distribution of poultry and small ruminants. Communities appreciate the specific targeting
of landless, women and elderly...ES9 The impact of FAO’s intervention has been in preventing farmers from spiralling into further
debt. FAO-assisted communities have been more stable and are more able to re-engage in
their farming activities following shocks...ES10 FAO should explore developing a Rakhine programme focusing on building resilience of
Rakhine and Muslim agriculture communities. Through a programmatic approach, FAO
could address immediate and medium-term needs around emergencies and shocks while
addressing the underlying causes of vulnerability and contributing to social cohesion and
peacebuilding over the long-term..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2017-07-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-18
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Arakan (Rakhine) State - reports etc. by date (latest first), Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research, Sustainable agriculture - Burma/Myanmar, Sustainable/alternative development in and for Burma
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
1.47 MB
more
Description:
"According to the World Trade Organization
statistics for 2014, food products comprise
the third most valuable commodity group
traded globally, and imports constitute a
significant proportion of food supplies.
With the annual trade in food growing exponentially,
imported food controls need to be strengthened to
protect consumer health and ensure fair trade.
In 2017, the Governments of Myanmar, Nepal, the
Philippines and Sri Lanka worked under the FAO
project entitled “Strengthening national capacity for
risk-based food import control within a One Health
framework” to improve national imported food
control systems and ensure they are aligned with
the relevant international guidelines developed by
Codex Alimentarius..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2018-08-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-18
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Food Security in Burma/Myanmar - web searches, specialised groups, reports and statistics, Food Security - global and regional literature
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
424.34 KB
more
Description:
"Evaluation contributes to accountability and lessons learning and should lead to improved management
decision-making and performance. For evaluation to play its roles, among other measures and procedures,
there needs to be careful consideration of evaluation recommendations as a basis for management
decisions.
Since 2006, FAO evaluation policy establishes that all evaluations in FAO must receive a Management
Response (MR) and a Follow-up report (FR). Standardized and assured quality in the Organization’s
responses and follow-up reports on evaluations enhances the transparency of the evaluation process and
enables drawing lessons on the effectiveness of, and compliance with the corporate evaluation policy. This
guidance note outlines the roles and responsibilities for the preparation of these reports.
FAO Office of Evaluation (OED) is also aware that the evaluation reports themselves need to facilitate
decision by management on recommendations and follow-up. Thus OED, in fulfilling its quality assurance
function, will endeavour to ensure that evaluation recommendations are expressed clearly and
unambiguously.
All queries on these procedures should be addressed to the Director, Office of Evaluation..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2018-04-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-18
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Law and policy on land in Burma/Myanmar, Description of land in Burma/Myanmar, Food Security and nutrition in Burma/Myanmar, Climate Change - Burma/Myanmar: general
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
779.89 KB
more
Description:
"The FAO Office of Evaluation (OED) has been conducting country programme evaluations
since 2005 to provide accountability to member countries, national governments and
development partners, and draw lessons and suggestions for programme improvement.
Myanmar was selected as one of the countries in which to carry out a Country Programme
Evaluation (CPE) in 2016. The main factors that led the FAO Office of Evaluation (OED)
and Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific (RAP) to select Myanmar are: i) the imminent
end of Myanmar’s Country Programming Framework (CPF) in 2016, and ii) the coincident
termination of the assignment of the FAO Country Representative.
Since February 2016 Myanmar has a new democratic Government, with a non-military
president. In this changing environment the CPE should contribute to support the new FAO
Country Representative and the Government in identifying the future strategic direction
of FAO programme in the country. The Terms of Reference (ToR) for the evaluation are
the result of a preparatory phase, consisting of: a desk review of existing documentation,
a preliminary analysis of FAO’s portfolio of work in Myanmar, a contextual analysis and
scoping interviews with FAO staff at the country, regional levels and in headquarters.
The ToR also benefited from discussions held during the inception mission carried out
in December 2015. The evaluation team consulted with a wide range of stakeholders,
including government officials, donors, United Nations agencies, and international nongovernmental organizations (NGOs).
The emphasis of the CPE will be on evaluating themes and issues important to the FAO
Programme in Myanmar. Individual projects will mostly not be evaluated in detail.
This ToR will be the guiding document for the Evaluation Team and will be shared with
counterparts in Myanmar, FAO staff in FAO Myanmar Country Office, FAO’s Regional
Office for Asia and the Pacific (RAP) and FAO headquarters. Their purpose is to provide
a description of the FAO Programme in Myanmar, identify key areas of work undertaken
over the past five years, define the scope of the evaluation and outline the evaluation work
plan. A set of overarching evaluation questions has been developed to further sharpen
the objective and inform the methodology to be employed at different stages of this
evaluation. The methodology and the evaluation tools will be further developed by the
team over the course of the evaluation..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2017-11-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-18
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research, Sustainable agriculture - Burma/Myanmar, Food Security in Burma/Myanmar - web searches, specialised groups, reports and statistics, Food Security and nutrition in Burma/Myanmar, Sustainable/alternative development in and for Burma
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
679.89 KB
more
Description:
"The fisheries and aquaculture sector in Myanmar is critically important to the country’s food and nutrition security and
economy. Climate change is forecast to have a significant impact on the sector. For capture fisheries (marine and
inland) these impacts include changes in sea surface temperature, higher inland water temperature, changes in ocean
currents, changes in the frequency of El-Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events, sea level rise and changing levels of
rain and water availability. The aquaculture sector is also exposed to hazards such as salt-water intrusion, flooding of
ponds, shortages in water supply, invasive species and ad hoc development planning altering local ecosystem
dynamics and undermining their resilience, integrity and functionality. The fisheries sector and dependent livelihoods
are also under stress from a range of other factors such as Illegal Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing,
overfishing and pollution. Myanmar is vulnerable to extreme climate events, which have caused significant loss of life,
damage to infrastructure and also impacted fishers and fish farmers’ livelihoods..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2018-12-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-18
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Fisheries (including aquaculture and fishing), Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research, Climate Change - Burma/Myanmar: general
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
440.14 KB
Local URL:
more
Description:
"In Myanmar the agriculture sector accounts for more than half national employment and the poultry population is large and growing and
had reached over 263 million by 2014 according to official national statistics. Demand for poultry products is not wholly satisfied by
domestic production, however, resulting in value chain activity across international borders with concomitant risk of zoonotic disease
incursion from neighbouring countries. FAO supports the Myanmar Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department (LBVD) to monitor virus
entry risk from informal poultry imports across the China border. China has reported highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPA) caused by
several influenza A virus subtypes, which has reported HPAI outbreaks with several influenza A subtypes.
In 2009, the threat of new infectious disease recognized to extend beyond the risk posed by avian influenza, and the USAID launched a
significant global programme on emerging pandemic threats referred to as EPT-1, that addressed pre-emergence, prevention and
preparedness.
Since 2007, FAO has worked in Myanmar with USAID support to enhance national capacity to prevent, detect and respond effectively to
HPAI. Through this partnership, Myanmar’s capacity has been strengthened. FAO work in this particular area is of the highest importance
considering that Myanmar has a very high annual rate of growth of animal product consumption.
The large majority of poultry is kept in backyard or small-scale commercial systems. Sporadic HPAI outbreaks have been reported in
Myanmar, the latest in March 2015. Myanmar is considered at high rish for incursion of avian influenza A (H7N9) from China. Since first
being identified in 2013, H7N9 has resulted in more confirmed fatalities in people in China than H5N1 since 2003. The project builds on
USAID-funded H7N9 prevention and preparedness activities initiated by FAO under a related project.
It will operate within the framework of two programmes: Emerging Pandemic Threats (EPT2) and the Global Health Security Agenda
(GHSA)..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2018-12-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-18
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
661.28 KB
more
Description:
"Myanmar is at very high risk of continuing severe humanitarian needs
in 2018, according to the OCHA-managed Index for Risk Management
(INFORM) system. Inter-communal tensions, violence and natural disasters
have displaced large numbers of people in Rakhine, Kachin and Shan States,
threatening the agricultural livelihoods of hundreds of thousands of people.
Across the country, some 241 000 displaced people – of which 77 percent are
women and children – remain in camps or camp-like settings.
Myanmar is one of the most disaster-prone countries in Asia and remains
highly vulnerable to natural disasters, including cyclones, storms, floods
and earthquakes. Promotion of disaster risk reduction approaches that help
increase resilience of the most vulnerable populations remains critical.
Some 778 815 people need food security support. They face limited
access to sufficient, safe and nutritious foods and inadequate availability
of diversified foods all year round. Populations in need include displaced
people, returnees, vulnerable people in non-displaced communities and
host communities.
Small-scale farmers, livestock owners and fishers require agricultural
assistance including crop, livestock and fishery inputs, support for vegetable
gardening and infrastructure rehabilitation to enhance agricultural
production and productivity.
To enhance the resilience and promote the self-reliance of affected
communities, it is necessary to restore, protect and improve livelihood
opportunities to complement family income, improve economic access,
reduce the use of negative coping mechanisms and increase availability of
quality and diversified foods at community and household levels..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2018-01-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-18
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research, Food Security and nutrition in Burma/Myanmar, Food Security in Burma/Myanmar - web searches, specialised groups, reports and statistics
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
4.02 MB
more
Description:
"The project is providing the technical support for MRV
component (NFMS and FREL/FRLs) through “Targeted
Support” since 2014, and through the “National
Programme” since September 2016, by developing
capacities and institutions in order to be able to participate
in the REDD+ mechanism after 2020. The Government of
Myanmar endorsed the NFMS and FREL action plans in
2016 and both are in the process of implementation.
Based on the NFMS action plan, in 2017, Myanmar
succeeded in acquiring a significant investment commitment
by the Finnish Government in a new and comprehensive
National Forest Inventory/ National Forest Monitoring and
Information System (NFI/NFMIS) Project, which will fill an
important gap in Myanmar’s capacities to report on the State
of Forests at Union Level. The project is currently in the
planning phase and expected to present the first results in
2022.
Likewise, based on the FREL/FRL action plan, Myanmar
submitted the scientifically sound Forest Reference Level
(FRLs) proposal to the UNFCCC in January 2018. In the FRL
proposal, the two prioritized activities of REDD+, which are
reducing emission from Deforestation and Enhancement of
forest carbon stocks through afforestation are reported. The
FRL submission is currently in the Technical Assessment
process by the technical team of the UNFCCC. The team will
send the formal assessment document of the proposed FRL
which is still ongoing. Whether or not further response from
Myanmar side is necessary will be decided upon reception
and analysis of the formal TA report (probably early
September). It is expected that the process will be completed
by November 2018..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2018-10-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-18
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO)
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
432.32 KB
more
Description:
"The project introduced PGS to the participating countries, provided PGS-specific
training at national level, formed the trained farmers into PGS groups, linked
them to potential markets, buyers and consumers, organized media campaigns
and developed promotional materials to raise awareness on PGS and organic
agriculture, and created, in collaboration with IFOAM-Organics International,
the Global PGS map and registered the PGS groups on it. In order to do this,
13 participants (46 percent women) from Cambodia, Lao People’s Democratic
Republic and Myanmar were trained as master trainers through a regional training
of trainers event on PGS. These, in their turn, trained 255 farmers (44 percent
women) in Cambodia and 262 (56 percent women) in Lao People’s Democratic
Republic in PGS. At the end of the project, 96 farmers (58 percent women) in
Cambodia and 194 farmers (50 percent women) in Lao People’s Democratic
Republic were members of formed and operational PGS groups. The number of
regular consumers is estimated at 8 200 for Cambodia and 8 300 for Lao People’s
Democratic Republic. This translates into improved livelihoods for smallholder
farmers, and safe and fresh products for consumers. The project also made a
comprehensive assessment of the legal and regulatory environment in each
country.
Smallholder farmers in PGS groups have improved their selling conditions,
increased their income and improved their livelihoods. The volume of PGS
production in both countries is estimated to be more than 1 000 tonnes per year,
mainly of vegetables and fruit, representing a gross value of more than
USD 900 000 per year. Farmers now have the capacities and incentives to
continue to produce PGS-organic products and to market them through different
channels. Many farmers also reported more confidence in explaining to
consumers and buyers the benefit of PGS, and some farmers are now trainers
in their rural communities. Knowledge-sharing and empowerment are among
the benefits of working with PGS; for instance, facilitating organizations are
empowered and continue to support PGS in rural communities on their own
initiative. At national level, the participating governments are now developing
national documents that envisage the role of PGS as a verification system for
organic agriculture, especially for local and national markets..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2017-12-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-18
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research, Food Security - global and regional literature
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
681.81 KB
more
Description:
"Myanmar is highly vulnerable to climate change and extreme weather conditions. Changing rainfall patterns, increasing
temperatures and rising sea level have negative impact on agricultural production which can lead to food insecurity.
Insufficient legal regulatory and institutional frameworks and limited capacity among key stakeholders in developing and
implementing improved practices for the management of productive landscapes (agricultural lands and forests) are key
barriers for Myanmar to effectively cope with the impacts of land degradation and climate change.
In order to address identified barriers and respond to the national needs, FAO coordinates the implementation of a
project entitled “Sustainable cropland and forest management in priority agro-ecosystems of Myanmar” in close
collaboration with the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation (MoNREC), and the Ministry of
Agriculture Livestock and Irrigation (MoALI).
It is expected that by adapting Climate Smart Agricultural and Sustainable Forest Management systems, that are more
resilient to climatic trends and changes, production can be sustainably increased and achievement of national food
security and development goals will be enhanced. By signing the Paris Agreement, Myanmar has sent a very clear signal
about pursuing a low carbon development path. This is further backed up by national initiatives such as the
development of the National Climate Change Policy and sector strategies like the Myanmar Climate Smart Agriculture
Strategy. The project is therefore well aligned with the national development agenda..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2018-10-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-18
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Sustainable agriculture - Burma/Myanmar, Climate Change - Burma/Myanmar: general, Climate Change - Migration Burma/Myanmar, Contract farming
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
690.28 KB
more
Description:
"The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is implementing a project
entitled “Sustainable Cropland and forest management in priority agro-ecosystems of Myanmar
(SLM-GEF)” in coordination with the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental
Conservation (MoNREC) and the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation (MoALI)
with funding from the Global Environment Facility (GEF).
The project aims to facilitate and strengthen sustainable land management (SLM), sustainable
forest management (SFM), and climate-smart agriculture (CSA). The project facilitates the
adoption of climate smart agriculture (CSA) policies and practices that will help to sustainably
increase productivity, enhance resilience (adaptation), reduce/remove GHGs (mitigation) and
enhance achievement of national food security and development goals.
The project intends to establish a national CSA/SLM training program mainstreaming
CSA/SLM in the agriculture related training conducted by Department of Agriculture (DoA),
State Agricultural Institutes (SAI), Department of Agriculture Research (DAR) and Yezin
Agricultural University (YAU). The project will work with DoA, SAIs, DAR and YAU to
integrate CSA within their research, training and development programs. The training program
will vary with the need and nature of the institutions, for example;(1) one month training together
with other subjects for the in-service or refresher course at Central Agriculture Research and
Training Centre (CARTC), (2) one week intensive training of trainers (ToT) aiming for the
senior extension agents of DoA, DAR and YAU, (3) CSA component integrated into the course
for diploma students at SAIs, and (4) CSA component integrated into the course for bachelor
and master's level at YAU.
AVSI Foundation has been contracted to develop the Climate Smart Agriculture Curriculum and
Handbook to be introduced and incorporated as a course (subject) into the existing education
systems at different levels as mentioned above. This document will serve as the main
resource/reference book for professors/lecturers/teachers from the different Departments at
YAU to include the related topics on CSA into their courses for teaching the students..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2019-01-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-17
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research, Food Security in Burma/Myanmar - web searches, specialised groups, reports and statistics, Sustainable/alternative development in and for Burma, Climate Change - Migration Burma/Myanmar
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
517.13 KB
more
Description:
"Welcome to the second issue of the FAO Myanmar Newsletter
in 2018 featuring highlights of FAO’s recent achievements
towards national priorities and global commitment to eradicate
hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition in our life time. This
edition is now the sixth issue of our quarterly newsletter since it
started in March 2017! Having in mind that Myanmar is subject
to various challenges that can stress agricultural livelihoods and
undermine national food and nutrition security, much of our
recent work has focused on identifying the nexus between
climate change, natural disasters and poverty and how this
nexus can be best addressed for the benefit of the poorest
communities. FAO Myanmar remains committed to enhance
resilience of vulnerable communities through restoring,
protecting and improving livelihood opportunities. In May 2018,
a team of experts from FAO HQ, regional and country office, in
collaboration with WFP and with the support of the Government
of Myanmar, successfully conducted a mission to assess the
food security situation in Rakhine State. As forests constitute
the dominant ecosystem in Myanmar, with 44.2% of the
country’s land area, we have also continued actions to mitigate the impact of climate change through the establishment of the
National Forest Inventory System under the umbrella of the UN
-REDD Programme. With the aim of addressing the underlying
causes of malnutrition, we have been also supporting the
development of the Multi Sector National Plan of Action for
Nutrition (MS-NPAN) through “Food and Nutrition Security
Impact, Resilience, Sustainability and Transformation” (FIRST)
Programme, funded by FAO and the European Union. Finally,
recognizing the huge contribution of the livestock sector to
food security and the overall wellbeing of smallholders, we
have been supporting the development of policies and
guidelines to implement a national programme recognizing the
role of the Community Animal Health Workers (CHAW). While,
in the poultry sector we have also advanced in improving farm
biosecurity in Yangon Poultry Production Zone (PPZ) through
the Emergency Centre for Transboundary Animal Diseases
(ECTAD)..."
Xiaojie Fan
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2018-07-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-17
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research, Food Security and nutrition in Burma/Myanmar, Sustainable/alternative development in and for Burma, Climate Change - Migration Burma/Myanmar
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
1.82 MB
more
Description:
"Happy Thadingyut and welcome to the third issue of FAO Myanmar
newsletter in 2018 featuring the most prominent activities of FAO in
Myanmar for the recent quarter!
During the previous quarter, FAO continued pursuing to reach its
sustainable development goals through the strong collaboration
with the government and resource partners. Recognizing the
relatively large, productive, and ecologically intact coastal zone of
Myanmar and understanding the requirement of conservation on
this valuable ecosystem, FAO’s EAF-Nansen Programme, with the
visit of the Research vessel Dr Fridtjof Nansen, conducted a survey
on the fisheries resources and marine ecosystem of Myanmar.
Myanmar is facing the global challenge of having enough quality
food for the total population and is also vulnerable to serious
natural disasters that negatively affect food security. As a
contribution of fighting against this challenge, FAO started off a
regional project on the Nutrition Sensitive Food and Agriculture that
will implement “Zero Hunger Challenge” in Myanmar.
Increasing and improving the provision of goods and services from
agriculture, forestry and fisheries is very important and essential for Myanmar’s sustainable development. The newly-launched
project of FAO at the Forest Research Institute will improve
research capacity and knowledge for sustainable management of
natural forests, which in turn, will enhance productivity of forest
plantations and restoration of degraded forests and landscapes.
Likewise, opening the “National Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA)
Centre” will also help farming and forestry stakeholders in building
capacity to mitigate climate change and improve land condition.
At the same time, FAO is supporting the students from University
of Veterinary Science in the area of socio-economics through field
surveys as a support of providing graduates to work in rapidly
growing livestock sector of Myanmar.
FAO Myanmar remains committed to enhance resilience of
vulnerable communities through restoring, protecting and
improving livelihood opportunities. FAO is implementing a HARP
(DFID)-funded project in northern Rakhine State for the local
communities affected by the conflicts in 2017. The facilitation of
FAO during the observatory visit of British Ambassador to these
project sites is one of the highlights of this quarter..."
Xiaojie Fan
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2018-09-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-17
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research, Food Security - global and regional literature, Food Security and nutrition in Burma/Myanmar, Climate Change - Burma/Myanmar: general
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
747.11 KB
more
Description:
"The Global Agriculture and Food Security Program (GAFSP) is a multilateral mechanism for the assistance of the
implementation of pledges by the G20 in Pittsburgh in September 2009, which is designed to improve incomes and food
and nutrition security in low-income countries by boosting agricultural productivity. In March 2017, the GAFSP Steering
Committee approved to allocate USD 27 million to Myanmar, of which USD 22 million will be administered by the Asian
Development Bank (ADB) and USD 5 million by FAO for technical assistance. The GAFSP initiative is a joint effort of ADB
and FAO building on complementarities and synergies in the interventions by the two agencies.
In the Central Dry Zone( CDZ) of Myanmar, nearly 25 percent of the population is under the national poverty line and about
50 percent are landless. The CDZ rural poor are also affected by a high incidence of malnutrition and food insecurity.
Stunting and wasting rates each range between 20-30 percent, with the highest incidence in dryland farming zones
compared with flood plain and irrigated areas. Over 50 percent of women age 15-49 years old are anaemic.
The theory of the implementation of the project is based on a premise that a market-driven approach is needed to help
smallholder farmers sustainably increase their income and improve their livelihood, food security and nutrition. For the
development of agriculture, tailored technical, infrastructural, credit access and organizational support are supposed to
increase the productivity and product quality of smallholder producers and disadvantaged rural groups involved in
commercially-oriented pulse and oilseed production and marketing systems. Those improved access and support also
benefit them from increased inclusion in profitable agriculture value chains through business relationships with other
private actors (traders, processors, exporters, etc.). As a results, the coordinated access and supports meet market
demands and, overall, contribute to national agricultural growth..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2018-09-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-17
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research, Food Security and nutrition in Burma/Myanmar, Food Security - global and regional literature
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
526.76 KB
more
Description:
"The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is implementing a project
entitled “Sustainable Cropland and forest management in priority agro-ecosystems of Myanmar
(SLM-GEF)” in coordination with the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental
Conservation (MoNREC) and the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation (MoALI)
with funding from the Global Environment Facility (GEF). AVSI Foundation has been
contracted to develop the National Farmer Field School (FFS) curriculum and FFS Handbook.
AVSI Foundation has developed a FFS curriculum/module on climate smart agriculture (CSA)
techniques/practices for each selected agricultural crop and for each of the three agro-ecological
zones incorporating solutions to the major problems identified during the need assessments and
also considering the findings of value chain analysis.
The Farmer Field School (FFS) is a learning process whereby a group of farmers come together
and engage in a process of hands-on field-based learning process over a season/ production cycle.
FFS is a time-bound learning by doing activity with a beginning and an end and aims to solve
the problems related to cultivating crops.
FFS is a platform for holistic learning, and should address issues and aspects that directly or
indirectly contribute to the performance of the local farming system, even if these issues are not
agriculture-based as such.
All FFS programmes need to integrate programming on gender equality and nutrition concerns
in FFS development. Gender norms, roles and customs are very relevant for FFS implementation
such as assessment and targeting of the specific needs of male and female farmers, selection and
gender awareness of facilitators, and composition of an FFS group (with adequate representation
of women and girls) and targeting the specific needs and priorities of men and women.
This module of FFS has been designed to increase agricultural productivity of the priority crops
in Chin State (Mindat and Kanpetlet Townships) by addressing the challenges identified during
the needs assessments based on knowledge systems and practices by FAO with support of AVSI
as a Service Provider. During the need assessment cultural barriers for FFS implementation,
gender norms, traditions, etc. were considered. Generally, it’s been observed that farmers, both
men and women, have low knowledge of climate smart agriculture (CSA). The learning
objectives of the proposed FFS modules are to: Empower farmers (both men and women) with knowledge and skills to improve the
productivity of their main crops.
• Sharpen the farmers’ ability to make critical and informed decisions that render their
farming profitable and climate-smart for both male and female farmers.
• To sensitize farmers in new ways of thinking and solve problems linked to climate
changes.
• Help farmers learn how to organize themselves and their communities, with a focus
on women and girls..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2019-01-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-17
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research, Smallholder farming and farmers in Burma/Myanmar, Food Security in Burma/Myanmar - web searches, specialised groups, reports and statistics, Chin State, Climate Change - Migration Burma/Myanmar, Sustainable/alternative development in and for Burma
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
319.43 KB
more
Description:
"This policy brief summarizes the future smart foods that are suitable for agriculture in eight countries in Asia-Pacific..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2018-01-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-17
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Food Security and nutrition in Burma/Myanmar, Food Security in Burma/Myanmar - web searches, specialised groups, reports and statistics
Language:
English
Format :
pdf pdf
Size:
21.96 MB 1.56 MB
Local URL:
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Description:
"The Asia-Pacific region is recognized for its important fisheries’ habitats and abundance of aquatic
resources; allowing the capture fisheries and aquaculture sectors to provide vital livelihoods and
food security throughout the region. However, the resources and the sustainability of the fisheries
are being threatened by inadequate, unsustainable fisheries and aquaculture management, high
fishing pressures, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing (IUU), improper pesticides and feed
use, and competition with other users of the coasts and aquatic resources and zones; leading to a
state of overfishing and degradation of habitats and water quality and other negative impacts to
ecosystem services. Although sharing stocks of important commercial species countries are
struggling to manage resources and transboundary stocks through urgently required collaborative
fisheries management planning.
In addition, because of their location and type of livelihoods, fishers, fish farmers and coastal
communities are directly affected by the lack of uncertainty, changes in species and their
distributions, impacts on production and post-harvest practices, sea level rise, coastal erosion and
other natural hazards exacerbated by climate change, such as toxic algal blooms, floods, strong
wave surges and cyclones that destroy infrastructure and make the act of fishing and fish farming
more dangerous.
Through its extensive portfolio of TCP, UTF, GCP (bilateral and GEF) and the Blue Growth initiative,
the FAO supports and promotes the responsible and sustainable development of fisheries and
aquaculture as guided by the FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries.
Our proven and successful work ranges from the development and implementation of International
Plans of Actions on IUU, fishing capacity, sharks, and seabirds; the Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries
and Aquaculture; efficient and safe post-harvest practices; all the way through to responsible trade
and marketing of fish products.
The FAO fosters and supports the work of regional fisheries bodies, such as the FAO Indian Ocean
Tuna Commission and Asia Pacific Fisheries Commission. The FAO also plays a key role in the development of recent global fisheries instruments, such as the binding FAO Port State Measures
Agreement and the Voluntary Guidelines in support of Small Scale Fisheries.
New, GEF 7 projects are able to build upon existing development strategies (DoF, etc) and efforts of
a range of partners, including but not limited to:
Regional Bodies: FAO Asia-Pacific Fisheries Commission (APFIC), Bay of Bengal-IGO, The Network of
Aquaculture Centres in Asia-Pacific (NACA), Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center
(SEAFDEC), Mekong River Commission (MRC), Pacific Community (SPC), Secretariat of the Pacific
(SPC), Regional Environment Programme (SPREP), Forum Fisheries Agency (FFA), RPOA-IUU,
Regional Seas Programmes (COBSEA/PEMSEA)
Private Sector including CP, Thai Union, Mars, MSC and ASC..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2018-05-13
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-17
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Fisheries (including aquaculture and fishing), Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research, Food Security - global and regional literature, Food Security and nutrition in Burma/Myanmar
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
239.49 KB
more
Description:
"Myanmar’s economy relies on agriculture, including fisheries and forestry, and the sector accounts for nearly half of the
total economic output of the country and employs more than 60 percent of the total labor force. There are enormous
resources for the expansion and growth of aquaculture and culture based fisheries, nevertheless, the full potential for
further development of its contribution to food security, employment and rural and national economy has not yet been
fully realized and documented in Myanmar.
In the past, tilapia species were cultured in shallow, narrow and temporary water bodies and were targeted only for rural
populations. Nowadays the tilapia, particularly hybrid and mono sex species, are widely cultured in intensive farms as a
result of the high demand from local consumers and an increasing demand from restaurants and barbecue shops. Tilapia
culture in Myanmar is constrained by seed production and seed quality as well as other management problems.
Government hatcheries in 2012–2013 produced freshwater fingerlings and the main species were rohu (549.20 million),
tarpian (127.86 million) and common carp (45.58 million), whereas the tilapia seed production was 13.06 million, only
1.65% of total seed production of different kinds of freshwater fish species.
FAO has been involving in earlier normative field work of tilapia farming, in addition, recently implemented a number of
country field projects to improve seed production and farming practices of tilapia and other inland fish species in the
Philippines, Sri Lanka and Nepal. The implementation of the project will greatly benefit from the experiences, knowledge
and lessons gained from the implementation of the past relevant country projects..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2019-07-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-17
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Fisheries (including aquaculture and fishing), Food Security and nutrition in Burma/Myanmar, Sustainable/alternative development in and for Burma, Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
352.41 KB
more
Description:
"Livestock raising is an important source of income for smallholders all over the country, but especially in the Central Dry
Zone, due to its large available areas for livestock grazing. In this area, households raise cattle, sheep and goats, pigs
and poultry.
The recent rapid economic development of the country, and improved linkages to regional markets have increased the
demand for livestock products – meat, milk, and eggs, and this creates a great opportunity for household investment in
livestock.
While households can improve incomes through better livestock husbandry, it is only with improved government policies
and actions that the full potential of the sector can be reached, for example, those policies which enable Community Animal Health Workers (CAHWs) to deliver basic animal health services to smallholders throughout the country.
The project is being implemented in collaboration with the Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department (LBVD)..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2018-12-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-17
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research, Smallholder farming and farmers in Burma/Myanmar, Climate Change - Burma/Myanmar: general
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
725.61 KB
more
Description:
"Forests constitute the dominant ecosystem in Myanmar, with 44.2% of the country’s land area. Logging of natural forests
in Myanmar, a major source of revenue, has been stopped since 2016 and the current priority of the country is to increase
the forest plantations. A serious threat to Myanmar’s rich biodiversity has been reported to be unsustainable land use
practices and uncoordinated development.
The Forest Research Institute (FRI) in Myanmar has a pivotal role to play in fulfilling the research related to sustainable
management of forest resources, contribute to the Forest Policy of Myanmar, and provide up-to-date information on
forestry and environment related issues.
In order to support various range of forest stakeholders, which include the relevant government departments, timber
traders, timber industries, planters, and the general public, FAO is strengthening FRI capacities to produce high-quality and
relevant research outputs that contribute to sustainable forest management. Without the support of a dynamic and
productive FRI, the forestry sector in Myanmar will not be able to realize its potential to remain a key driver of national
socio-economic development and the provision of forest ecosystem services that underpin agricultural production, rural
livelihoods and resilience..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2019-01-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-17
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), The forests of Burma/Myanmar - General, Forest policy in Burma/Myanmar
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
501.37 KB
more
Description:
"The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is implementing a project
entitled “Sustainable Cropland and forest management in priority agro-ecosystems of Myanmar
(SLM-GEF)” in coordination with the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental
Conservation (MONREC) and the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation (MOALI)
with funding from the Global Environment Facility (GEF). AVSI Foundation has been
contracted to develop the National Farmer Field School (FFS) curriculum and FFS Handbook.
AVSI Foundation has developed a FFS curriculum/module on climate smart agriculture (CSA)
techniques/practices for each selected agricultural crop and for three agro-ecological zones
incorporating solutions to the major problems identified during the needs assessments, also
considering the findings of the value chain analysis.
The Farmer Field School (FFS) is a learning process whereby a group of farmers come together
and engage in a process of hands-on field-based learning process over a season/ production cycle.
FFS is a time-bound learning by doing activity with a beginning and an end and aims to solve
the problems related to cultivating crops.
FFS is a platform for holistic learning and should address issues and aspects that directly or
indirectly contribute to the performance of the local farming system, even if these issues are not
agriculture-based as such.
All FFS programmes need to integrate programming on gender equality and nutrition concerns
in FFS development. Gender norms, roles and customs are very relevant for FFS implementation
such as assessment and targeting of the specific needs of male and female farmers, selection and
gender awareness of facilitators, and composition of an FFS group (with adequate representation
of women and girls) and targeting the specific needs and priorities of men and women.
This module of FFS has been designed to increase agricultural productivity of the priority crops
in Central Dry Zone (Nyaung-U and Kyaukpadaung), by addressing the challenges identified
during the needs assessment conducted based on knowledge systems and practices by FAO with
support of AVSI as a Service Provider. During the need assessment cultural barriers for FFS
implementation, gender norms, traditions, etc. were considered. Generally, it’s been observed
that farmers, both men and women, have low knowledge of climate smart agriculture (CSA).
The learning objectives of this module are to: Empower farmers (both men and women) with knowledge and skills to improve the
productivity of their main crops.
Sharpen the farmers’ ability to make critical and informed decisions that render their
farming profitable and climate-smart for both male and female farmers.
To sensitize farmers in new ways of thinking and solve problems linked to climate
changes. Help farmers learn how to organize themselves and their communities,
with a focus on women and girls..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2019-01-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-16
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research, Food Security in Burma/Myanmar - web searches, specialised groups, reports and statistics, Sustainable/alternative development in and for Burma, Climate Change - Migration Burma/Myanmar
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
1.27 MB
more
Description:
"Fisheries co-management projects, bringing together fisher communities, government, nongovernmental organizations (NGO) and research organizations, represent the best opportunity for
developing and sustaining inland and delta fisheries in Myanmar. Each partner brings different
competencies, field-tested experiences and an extensive network of communities, service providers
and trading networks into the process.
Vulnerability can be defined as the extent to which an activity or a group of persons is exposed to a
hazard, and also the extent to which they are able to respond or adapt. It also includes socio-economic
characteristics (e.g. poverty and employment rates, age of the population, power dynamics). The
Participatory rural appraisal – Vulnerability study of Ayeyarwady Delta fishing communities in
Myanmar and social protection opportunities (PRA-V study) seeks to inform fisheries management
and social protection processes of the key vulnerability issues faced by fishers at the five pilot sites
selected for fisheries co-management. The five co-management sites are located in: Labutta, Pyapon,
Maubin, Hinthada and Thabaung townships (Figure 2). All sites have a t least one villa ge t ha t is
implementing a rudimentary form of fisheries co-management. Two of the sites (Labutta and Pyapon)
are in coastal saline areas, two are in freshwater areas (Hinthada and Thabaung) while the fifth site
(Maubin) is in an area inland that alternates between freshwater and brackish conditions..."
Aung Kyaw Thein, Richard Gregory, Michael Akester, Florence Poulain, Romain Langeard
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2019-01-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-16
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research, Fisheries (including aquaculture and fishing), Food Security in Burma/Myanmar - web searches, specialised groups, reports and statistics, Climate Change - Burma/Myanmar: general, Climate Change - Migration Burma/Myanmar
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
2.8 MB
more
Description:
"The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is implementing a project
entitled “Sustainable Cropland and forest management in priority agro-ecosystems of Myanmar
(SLM-GEF)” in coordination with the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental
Conservation (MoNREC) and the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation (MoALI) with
funding from the Global Environment Facility (GEF).
The project aims to facilitate and strengthen sustainable land management (SLM), sustainable
forest management (SFM), and climate-smart agriculture (CSA). The project facilitates the
adoption of climate smart agriculture (CSA) policies and practices that will help to sustainably
increase productivity, enhance resilience (adaptation), reduce/remove GHGs (mitigation) and
enhance achievement of national food security and development goals.
The project intends to establish a national CSA/SLM training program mainstreaming CSA/SLM
in the agriculture related training conducted by Department of Agriculture (DOA), State
Agricultural Institutes (SAI), Department of Agriculture Research (DAR) and Yezin Agricultural
University (YAU). The project will work with DoA, SAIs, DAR and YAU to integrate CSA within
their research, training and development programs. The training program will vary with the need
and nature of the institutions, for example;(1) one month training together with other subjects for
the in-service or refresher course at Central Agriculture Research and Training Centre (CARTC),
(2) one week intensive training of trainers (ToT) aiming for the senior extension agents of DoA,
DAR and YAU, (3) CSA component integrated into the course for diploma students at SAIs, and
(4) CSA component integrated into the course for bachelor and master's level at YAU.
AVSI Foundation was contracted to develop the Climate Smart Agriculture Curriculum and
Handbook to be introduced and incorporated as a course (subject) into the existing education
systems at different levels as mentioned above. This document will serve as the main
resource/reference book for professors/lecturers/teachers from the different State Agricultural
Institutes to include the related topics on CSA into their courses for teaching the students..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2019-01-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-15
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research, Food Security in Burma/Myanmar - web searches, specialised groups, reports and statistics, Sustainable/alternative development in and for Burma, Climate Change - Burma/Myanmar: general
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
341.06 KB
more
Description:
"The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is implementing a project
entitled “Sustainable Cropland and forest management in priority agro-ecosystems of Myanmar
(SLM-GEF)” in coordination with the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental
Conservation (MoNREC) and the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation (MoALI) with
funding from the Global Environment Facility (GEF).
The project aims to facilitate and strengthen sustainable land management (SLM), sustainable
forest management (SFM), and climate-smart agriculture (CSA). The project facilitates the
adoption of climate smart agriculture (CSA) policies and practices that will help to sustainably
increase productivity, enhance resilience (adaptation), reduce/remove GHGs (mitigation) and
enhance achievement of national food security and development goals.
The project intends to establish a national CSA/SLM training program mainstreaming CSA/SLM
in the agriculture related training conducted by Department of Agriculture (DoA), State
Agricultural Institutes (SAI), Department of Agriculture Research (DAR) and Yezin Agricultural
University (YAU). The project will work with DoA, SAIs, DAR and YAU to integrate CSA within
their research, training and development programs. The training program will vary with the need
and nature of the institutions, for example;(1) one month training together with other subjects for
the in-service or refresher course at Central Agriculture Research and Training Centre (CARTC),
(2) one week intensive training of trainers (ToT) aiming for the senior extension agents of DoA,
DAR and YAU, (3) CSA component integrated into the course for diploma students at SAIs, and
(4) CSA component integrated into the course for bachelor and master's level at YAU.
AVSI Foundation has been contracted to develop the Climate Smart Agriculture Curriculum and
Handbook to be introduced and incorporated as a course (subject) into the existing education
systems at different levels as mentioned above. This document will serve as the main
resource/reference book for the trainers to include the related topics on CSA into their courses for
teaching..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2019-01-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-15
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research, Food Security in Burma/Myanmar - web searches, specialised groups, reports and statistics, Sustainable/alternative development in and for Burma, Climate Change - Burma/Myanmar: general
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
377.97 KB
more
Description:
"Dear Readers,
Welcome to the first FAO Myanmar newsletter of
2019!
In 2019, FAO will continue its strong support to
the Government of Myanmar and its people. At
the start of the year, the new Country
Programming Framework (CPF) for Myanmar
outlining the priority areas of FAO support to and
partnership with the Government for a six-year
period was signed. FAO Assistant DirectorGeneral and Regional Representative for Asia and
Pacific joined the CPF signing ceremony as well
as observed the on-ground situation of FAO
projects in the country.
With the new framework of partnership, FAO will
extend its assistance to the Government to
achieve three main goals. The first is enhanced
food security, nutrition and food safety. The
second is strengthened governance and
sustainable management of land, forests, water
resources and ecosystems. The third relates to
enhanced resilience of local communities and
farming households to natural and humanitarian disasters, climate change and transboundary and
emerging infectious disease risks. The achievement
of these three goals will be closely linked to our
support in the accomplishment of the
Government’s strategies such as: the Multisectoral National Plan of Action for Nutrition (MSNPAN), the Agriculture Development Strategy (ADS)
and the Myanmar Action Plan for Disaster Risk
Reduction (MAPDRR). Through all the efforts that
are being put in place, FAO aspires to see economic
growth and political stability in Myanmar.
FAO Myanmar remains committed to contribute
to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals in
the country more specifically, the Myanmar
Sustainable Development Plan through a strong
collaboration with the Government counterparts,
donors, and development and humanitarian
partners.
I wish you all a happy Myanmar New Year!
Enjoy reading our Newsletter!..."
Xiaojie Fan
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2019-03-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-15
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Food Security and nutrition in Burma/Myanmar, Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research, Climate Change - Burma/Myanmar: general, Sustainable/alternative development in and for Burma
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
1.23 MB
more
Description:
"The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is implementing a project
entitled “Sustainable Cropland and forest management in priority agro-ecosystems of Myanmar
(SLM-GEF)” in coordination with the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental
Conservation (MoNREC) and the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation (MoALI)
with funding from the Global Environment Facility (GEF). AVSI Foundation has been
contracted to develop the National Farmer Field School (FFS) curriculum and FFS Handbook.
AVSI Foundation has developed a FFS curriculum/module on climate smart agriculture (CSA)
techniques/practices for each selected agricultural crop and for each of the three agro-ecological
zones incorporating solutions to the major problems identified during the need assessments and
also considering the findings of value chain analysis..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2019-01-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-15
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research, Food Security in Burma/Myanmar - web searches, specialised groups, reports and statistics, Sustainable/alternative development in and for Burma, Climate Change - Burma/Myanmar: general
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
319.01 KB
more
Description:
"The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is implementing a project
entitled “Sustainable Cropland and forest management in priority agro-ecosystems of Myanmar
(SLM-GEF)” in coordination with the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental
Conservation (MoNREC) and the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation (MoALI)
with funding from the Global Environment Facility (GEF).
The project aims to facilitate and strengthen sustainable land management (SLM), sustainable
forest management (SFM), and climate-smart agriculture (CSA). The project facilitates the
adoption of CSA policies and practices that will help to sustainably increase productivity,
enhance resilience, reduce/remove GHGs and enhance achievement of national food security
and development goals. At field level, the project is active in five pilot Townships from three
different agro-ecological zones implementing various relevant CSA initiatives mainly using
Farmer Field Schools (FFS) models.
Upland/hill Pilot Site: Mindat and Kanpetlet Townships, Chin State
Coastal/Delta Zone Pilot Site: Laputta Township, Ayeyarwady Region
Central Dry Zone Pilot Site: Kyaukpadaung and Nyaung U Townships, Mandalay Region
AVSI Foundation was contracted as a Service Provider to develop the FFS curriculum and FFS
Handbook for each of the above mentioned three agro-ecological zones. Accordingly, the FFS
curriculum/module on CSA techniques/practices for the prioritized agricultural crops and
cropping systems under each of the three agro-ecological zones have been developed
incorporating solutions to the major problems identified during the need assessments and also
considering the findings of value chain analysis. After finalizing the FFS curriculum, a FFS
handbook has been developed for each agro-ecological zone both in Myanmar and English
version. This handbook is intended to help the Extension Workers, FFS Facilitators and FFS
Committee/farmers to implement FFS on CSA techniques and practices in costal/delta Region
and scaling up the learnings in similar areas of Myanmar..."
Ms. Xiaojie Fan
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2019-01-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-15
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Smallholder farming and farmers in Burma/Myanmar, Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research, Food Security and nutrition in Burma/Myanmar, Climate Change - Burma/Myanmar: general, Sustainable/alternative development in and for Burma
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
6.02 MB
more
Description:
"A series of events prompted by the armed attacks against the Myanmar border security forces by the Arakan
Rohingya Salvation Army (ARSA) on 25 August 2017 in the northern part of Rakhine State, precipitated a
massive movement of Muslims and other ethnic minority groups making the current situation in Northern
Rakhine as one of the fast-growing humanitarian crises in the history. As a result, it is estimated that
approximately 700 000 refugees had crossed the border into Bangladesh. People who remained in their
villages are facing substantial hardships, including significantly reduced access to markets and agricultural
land, which have created a compounding negative effect on their livelihoods and increased the need for
immediate humanitarian assistance.
While the majority of humanitarian actors active in Northern Townships of Rakhine State focused on provision
of immediate food assistance, FAO and its implementing partners MHDO and LBVD supported the local
agriculture productions to stabilize and increase the availability of foods..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2018-06-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-15
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Food Security and nutrition in Burma/Myanmar, Smallholder farming and farmers in Burma/Myanmar, Arakan (Rakhine) State - reports etc. by date (latest first), Armed conflict in Rakhine (Arakan) State, Discrimination against the Rohingya
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
505.29 KB
more
Description:
"Humanitarian needs in Myanmar are characterized by a complex
combination of vulnerability to natural disasters, food insecurity,
armed conflict, inter-communal tensions, statelessness, institutionalized
discrimination, protracted displacement, human trafficking and risky
migration. In Rakhine, the situation remains tense following the armed
attacks and the military operations and violence in 2017 that led to
the exodus of over 700 000 people to Bangladesh. In Kachin and Shan
states, the escalation of armed conflict caused new and secondary
displacements..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2019-01-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-15
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Food Security - Specialised organisations and mechanisms, Sustainable/alternative development in and for Burma, Peace processes, ceasefires and ceasefire talks (websites, documents, reports and studies), Racial or ethnic discrimination in Burma: reports of violations against several groups, Burmese refugees: discussion groups
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
1.64 MB
more
Description:
"The share of agriculture in the gross domestic product (GDP) of some countries in the AsiaPacific region has declined in recent years as their economies transition from agrarian to
industrial and service-oriented; however, agriculture is still important in terms of employment
and its role as a buffer in phases of deceleration in other sectors. Agricultural biotechnologies
have the potential to enhance the contribution of agriculture to these countries’ economies.
This study presents overviews of the applications adopted by countries in the Asia-Pacific
region and the main gaps in applications, capacities and enabling environments, and makes a
few suggestions about what could be done for better utilization of agricultural biotechnologies
in the region..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2019-01-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-15
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research, Food Security - global and regional literature, Climate Change - Burma/Myanmar: general
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
1.7 MB
more
Description:
"The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is implementing a project
entitled “Sustainable Cropland and forest management in priority agro-ecosystems of Myanmar (SLMGEF)” in coordination with the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation
(MoNREC) and the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation (MoALI) with funding from
the Global Environment Facility (GEF).
The project aims to facilitate and strengthen sustainable land management (SLM), sustainable
forest management (SFM), and climate-smart agriculture (CSA). The project facilitates the
adoption of climate smart agriculture (CSA) policies and practices that will help to sustainably
increase productivity, enhance resilience (adaptation), reduce/remove GHGs (mitigation) and
enhance achievement of national food security and development goals.
The project intends to establish a national CSA/SLM training program mainstreaming CSA/SLM
in the agriculture related academic courses and training conducted by Department of Agriculture
(DoA), State Agricultural Institutes (SAIs), Department of Agriculture Research (DAR) and Yezin
Agricultural University (YAU). The project will work with DoA, SAIs, DAR and YAU to
integrate CSA within their research, training and development programs. The training program
will vary with the need and nature of the institutions, for example;(1) one month training together
with other subjects for the in-service or refresher course at Central Agriculture Research and
Training Centre (CARTC), (2) one week intensive training of trainers (ToT) aiming for the senior
extension agents of DoA, DAR and YAU, (3) CSA component integrated into the course for
diploma students at SAIs, and (4) CSA component integrated into the course for bachelor and
master's level at YAU.
AVSI Foundation has been contracted to develop the Climate Smart Agriculture Curriculum and
Handbook to be introduced and incorporated as a course (subject) into the existing education
systems at different levels as mentioned above. This document will serve as the main
resource/reference book for the trainers of one week ToT programme to include the related topics
on CSA into their courses for teaching..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2019-01-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-14
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Shifting ("swidden", "jhum", "taungya", "kaingin") cultivation - regional and global, Food Security - global and regional literature, Sustainable/alternative development in and for Burma
Language:
English, Burmese (မြန်မာဘာသာ)
Format :
pdf pdf
Size:
643.91 KB 475.67 KB
more
Description:
"Welcome to the last FAO Myanmar newsletter
of 2018!
During the year 2018, FAO Myanmar achieved
significant milestones in the sectors in which it
has been working. In addition, the new
Country Programming Framework (CPF 2017-
2022) representing FAO’s strategy of
intervention in Myanmar for the coming years,
was officially endorsed by the Cabinet on
behalf of the Government of Myanmar in
October.
In 2018, FAO continued to provide support to
the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and
Irrigation (MoALI) through specialized
technical assistance to the development and
establishment of the Agriculture Development
Strategy (ADS). This was an important
achievement for the agriculture sector.
Moreover, with FAO’s technical and financial
support, MoALI accomplished the
development of the Agriculture Action Plan for
Disaster Risk Reduction (AAPDRR). It is also
worthwhile mentioning that FAO collaborated
with MoALI and MoNREC in establishing the
first Climate Smart Agriculture Centre (CSAC)
as the national CSA knowledge repository and
catalyst. The latter should help farming and
forestry stakeholders in building capacity to
mitigate climate change and improve land
condition.
FAO Myanmar Newsletter
Xiaojie Fan
FAO Representative in Myanmar
In addition, FAO played a critical role in the
development of Multi-Sectoral National Plan of
Action on Nutrition (MS-NPAN). This vital multistakeholder collaboration will promote healthier
and more productive lives that contribute to the
overall economic and social aspirations of the
country. Following MoALI’s request, FAO and
World Food Programme undertook a Food
Security Field Assessment Mission in Rakhine
State in May this year with constructive
recommendations for future agriculture and
livelihood development in Rakhine.
I would like to take this opportunity to express
my gratitude to our Government counterparts,
donors, development and humanitarian partners,
for joining hands and allowing accomplishing
important steps towards progressing in FAO’s
objectives of reducing rural poverty, helping
eliminating hunger and making agriculture more
productive and sustainable in Myanmar.
I wish you all a happy holiday season and
peaceful and prosperous 2019.
Enjoy reading our Newsletter!..."
Xiaojie Fan
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2018-12-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-14
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Shifting ("swidden", "jhum", "taungya", "kaingin") cultivation - regional and global, Food Security - global and regional literature, Sustainable/alternative development in and for Burma
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
999.26 KB
more
Description:
"The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is implementing a project
entitled “Sustainable Cropland and forest management in priority agro-ecosystems of Myanmar
(SLM-GEF)” in coordination with the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental
Conservation (MoNREC) and the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation (MoALI)
with funding from the Global Environment Facility (GEF).
The project aims to facilitate and strengthen sustainable land management (SLM), sustainable
forest management (SFM), and climate-smart agriculture (CSA). The project facilitates the
adoption of CSA policies and practices that will help to sustainably increase productivity,
enhance resilience, reduce/remove GHGs and enhance achievement of national food security
and development goals. At field level, the project is active in five pilot Townships from three
different agro-ecological zones implementing various relevant CSA initiatives mainly using
Farmer Field Schools (FFS) models.
Upland/hill Pilot Site: Mindat and Kanpetlet Townships, Chin State
Coastal/Delta Zone Pilot Site: Laputta Township, Ayeyarwady Region
Central Dry Zone Pilot Site: Kyaukpadaung and Nyaung U Townships, Mandalay Region
AVSI Foundation was contracted as a Service Provider to develop the FFS curriculum and FFS
Handbook for each of the above mentioned three agro-ecological zones. Accordingly, FFS
curricula/modules on CSA techniques/practices for the prioritized agricultural crops and
cropping systems under each of the three agro-ecological zones have been developed
incorporating solutions to the major problems identified during the need assessments and also
considering the findings of value chain analysis. After finalizing the FFS curricula, a FFS
Handbook has been developed for each agro-ecological zone both in Myanmar and English
version. This handbook is intended to help the Extension Workers, FFS Facilitators and FFS
Committee/farmers to implement FFS on CSA techniques and practices in upland/hill zone of
Chin State and scaling up the learnings in similar areas of Myanmar..."
Ms. Xiaojie Fan
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2019-01-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-14
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Food Security - global and regional literature, Shifting ("swidden", "jhum", "taungya", "kaingin") cultivation - regional and global, Sustainable/alternative development in and for Burma
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
4.68 MB
more
Description:
"Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is an approach for developing actions needed to transform
and reorient agricultural systems to effectively support development and ensure food security
under climate change. CSA aims to tackle three main objectives: sustainably increasing
agricultural productivity and incomes; adapting and building resilience to climate change; and
reducing and/or removing greenhouse gas emissions, where possible
(http://www.fao.org/climate-smart-agriculture-sourcebook/concept/en/).
FAOs CCA foresee a broader approach, working to build synergies among social protection
and climate change to achieve sustainable growth and eliminate rural poverty. FAO uses a
“twin-track” approach, on the one hand taking immediate steps to protect and support
agriculture, food and nutrition, and on the other addressing in the longer term the underlying
factors driving risks, disasters and crises. FAO’s work focuses on developing, protecting and
restoring sustainable livelihoods so that the integrity of societies that depend on farming,
livestock, fish, forests and other natural resources is not threatened by crises. CSA uses a
comprehensive approach in seeking to improve rural livelihoods, increasing the productivity
and resilience of poor communities, including rural women and girls, while also providing
mitigation benefits.
Climate-smart agriculture is a holistic system applicable to big farms cultivating thousands of
acres as well as smallholder farmers who live and work on fewer than 10 acres of land. The
principles can have positive effects for farmers, the land, water, and wildlife. It helps reduce
the negative impacts of climate change to agriculture and boost positive ones, protecting agroecosystems, and promoting healthier, more resilient landscapes, which in the aggregate,
contributes to climate change mitigation and food security.
Being an agricultural country, Myanmar economy mainly relies on agriculture. In Myanmar,
most of the people consider “Agriculture” as the production of crops. However, it has a wider
scope not only crop and livestock production but also covers fisheries and forest management.
Agriculture sector contributed to 28.6 % of total export earnings in 2015-2016 and employed
61.25 % of the labour force (MOALI, 2017)..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2019-01-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-14
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Shifting ("swidden", "jhum", "taungya", "kaingin") cultivation - regional and global, Food Security - global and regional literature, Sustainable/alternative development in and for Burma
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
6.57 MB
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Description:
"The fisheries and aquaculture sector in Myanmar is an essential activity for the provision of food and livelihoods to a large
number of people in rural areas and contributing to economic activity for the employment. Since 1905, Myanmar has
developed legislations for fishery management and the fishing industry of the country. However, in the 1980s, the
introduction of trawling method in coastal waters caused the considerable conflict between traditional fishermen and
trawlers. This led to the amending of the fisheries law to provide a more comprehensive legal framework to manage
fisheries in national waters.
In recent years, FAO has been noting a continuous and impressive increase of the capture and aquaculture production
officially reported by Myanmar. Marine catches reported in 2013 increased 5.5 times more than those in 1996 and
inland water catch statistics have been growing at a pace of 15.5% per year since 1999. In addition, species breakdown
of capture fishery statistics is very poor, with marine catches reported only by 3 highly aggregated specie items and no
breakdown at all for inland water catches.
Knowledge of the status and trends of capture fisheries, including socio-economic aspects, is a key to develop a policy
and for better decision-making and responsible fisheries management. It is necessary at the national level for the
maintenance of the food security and for describing social and economic benefits of fisheries. Those data is also
essential for assessing the validity of fisheries policy and for tracking the performance of fisheries management.
Considering an increase in the number of countries taking up a scheme of decentralized management of fisheries, more
accurate and updating information should reach to the community level and result in a better-informed public that
supports efforts to manage fisheries and aquatic resources in a responsible manner..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2019-04-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-14
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Fisheries (including aquaculture and fishing), Food Security - global and regional literature
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
514.33 KB
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Description:
"sustainable land management; sustainable forest management; ecosystem approaches; climate-smart agriculture; climate change mitigation; community-based forest enterprise development; Myanmar;
SDG: 02. End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture..."
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Date of publication:
2019-01-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-14
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Sustainable/alternative development in and for Burma, Shifting ("swidden", "jhum", "taungya", "kaingin") cultivation - regional and global, Food Security - global and regional literature
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
5.85 MB
more
Description:
Highlights:
•
Cyclone Komen made landfall in Myanmar at the end of July 2015
causing extensive flooding to
agricultural land, which remained
submerged
in some areas until September. This caused severe
localized losses to the 2015 monsoon season crops, especially p
addy, in Chin, Rakhine,
Ayeyarwaddy, Yangon, Sagaing
and parts of Bago. However, once the water receded, a large portion
of the flooded areas with paddy was replanted. Overall, the amount of irreversible damage was
limited.
•
At 27.5 million tonnes, the
aggregate
national production
of paddy,
the country?s staple food, in
2015
(monsoon season 2015 and ongoing 2015 secondary season) would be 3 percent below the 2014
crop and 2 percent down
from
the average of the past
three
-
years.
•
At subnational level, however,
cereal
production and livelihood of farming households and
communities in remote areas, in particular Chin and Rakhine, which concentrate highly vulnerable
populations with little resilience and low agricultural productivity, did not recover fully as in other areas
affected by the flooding. These populations may face severe food shortages in the coming months
and require relief assistance.
•
Livestock and fisheries were affected by the flooding in localized areas with losses of cattle, buffalo,
sheep, goats, pigs and poultry, and damage to fish and shrimp farms, resulting in reduced animal
protein intake in the most affected areas.
•
The country is a net exporter of rice and the 2015 paddy production, similar to previous years,
will
exceed domestic requirements, but tighter
domestic
supplies in marketing year 2015/16
(October/September)
are expected to
further
underpin
already high rice prices, raising
concerns about
food access by most vulnerable sections of the population.
•
Prices of rice reached record levels in August and September
2015,
reflecting strong
depreciation
of
the
Kyat, increasing rice exports and
concerns about the damage to paddy crop. Domestic rice prices
declined with the harvest
between October and December 2015
but remained at
high levels.
In
February
2016,
rice
prices
averaged 37
percent higher than a
year earlier.
•
For the majority of farming households,
the main impact of the July flooding
was
related to the
increased costs for replanting and
the delayed harvest.
Households depending primarily upon day
labour, and especially non-skilled day labour, re
main among the most vulnerable. They faced a gap in
wages during August and have difficulties in obtaining credit.
•
The July flooding was perceived to have moderate impact on children?s nutritional status and little
impact on infant and young children feeding practices.
•
In view of the
country?s adequate rice availabilities
and
generally
well-functioning
domestic markets,
the Mission recommends that any
eventual
food assistance
needs
to
be
provided
in the form of cash
and/
or vouchers.
•
To cover immediate
agricultural needs following the 2015 flooding, the Mission recommends the
distribution of seeds for the next monsoon planting season;
as well as
water and pest-resistant
storage containers to protect farmer?s seeds, along with drying nets and post-harvest
equipment
in the
most affected areas. In
Rakhine, Sagaing
and Ayeyarwaddy, recording the highest livestock losses,
urgent
restocking
of livestock is required to avoid a
further
fall in animal protein intake; while the
rebuilding of fishing gear and boats
and the
rehabilitation of fish ponds is
also
needed
in the most
affected Rakhine State."
Swithun Goodbody, Guljahan Kurbanova, Cristina Coslet, Aaron Wise, Nuria Branders, Sophie Goudet
Source/publisher:
FAO, WFP
Date of publication:
2016-03-16
Date of entry/update:
2016-03-18
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food Security in Burma/Myanmar - web searches, specialised groups, reports and statistics, Floods of 2015 - UN and other reports, Arakan (Rakhine) State - reports etc. - inter-governmental and other international sources, Chin State, Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research, WFP (World Food Programme), Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO)
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
1.22 MB
more
Description:
Mission Highlights:
• During the 2008 monsoon season, agricultural production suffered a significant decline in areas
severely affected by Cyclone Nargis, as a result of poor quality seeds, salinity and iron toxicity, lack of
agricultural labour and draught animals. Compared to the previous year, average paddy production is
estimated to have decreased by 32 percent in 7 affected townships in the Ayeyarwady Division and
by 35 percent in 3 affected townships of Yangon Division. At the divisional level, 2008 monsoon
paddy output was down by 13 percent in Ayeyarwady, and 9 percent in Yangon.
• Overall, aggretate food production in Myanmar is satisfactory, with positive outputs expected in most
states/divisions, reflecting favourable weather and increasing use of F1 and HYV rice seeds. The
Mission forecasts a 2008/09 (2008 monsoon and 2009 summer) cereal output of 21 million tonnes
(rice at 19.8 million tonnes, maize at 1.11 million tonnes, and wheat at 0.147 million tonnes),
3.2 percent below the previous year, but approximately 10 percent above the five-year average.
Cereal exports are expected to be high, with estimated rice exports of 477 000 tonnes and maize
exports of 159 000 tonnes conversely, up to 64 000 tonnes of wheat are expected to be imported.
• The cyclone-related damage to the livestock and fishing sectors in the Ayeyarwady Delta will continue
to affect food supply and income generation in 2008/09.
• Rats have damaged 685 hectares of rice and 400 hectares of maize in 121 villages of Chin
State;localized food insecurity in these villages is expected.
• Despite the increase in international rice prices, paddy prices in Myanmar remained low in 2008 due
to domestic market and trade barriers. These low prices, combined with the rising cost of fertilizer and
other major inputs, have significantly reduced farmers? incentives profits, and may have negatively
impacted agricultural productivity and the country?s agricultural exports.
• The Mission received reports of high levels of malnutrition in northern Rakhine State and
recommends that a joint UNICEF and WFP food security and nutrition survey be conducted to verify
these reports and to plan appropriate interventions, if needed.
• In areas with high percentages of food insecure and vulnerable populations, defined as people living
below the food poverty line, baseline surveys are required to measure food security, vulnerability, and
nutrition, and plan appropriate interventions. Chin and Rakhine States are of the highest priority for
baseline surveys.
• There are more than 5 million people below the food poverty line in Myanmar. States/divisions which
the Mission found to be a priority for emergency food assistance are: cyclone-affected areas of
Ayeyarwady Division (85 000 tonnes); Chin State (23 000 tonnes), particularly those areas affected
by the rat infestation; Rakhine State (15 000 tonnes), particularly the north of the State; Kachin State
(8 300 tonnes); north Shan State (20 200 tonnes); east Shan State (7 000 tonnes); and Magwe
Division (27 500 tonnes). Most of the food commodities can be procured locally, with only a limited
requirement for imported food aid.
• The Mission recommends the following agricultural assistance in cyclone-affected Ayeyarwady and
Yangon Divisions: distribution of seeds for the coming summer and next monsoon planting seasons;
distribution of draught animals adapted to local climatic conditions; distribution of other livestock for
increased meat availability; distribution of hand tractors with training on their usage and maintenance;
distribution of fishing equipment; re-establishment of ice production plants; and training in
boat-building, net-making and on drafting of fishery laws.
• The Mission recommends the following actions in regard to national food policies: set up a market
information and food security warning system; develop balanced food production and trade policies
for both producers and consumers; remove domestic market/trade barriers; and improve market
integration.
Cheng Fang, Maung Mar, Aye Mon, Thanda Kyi, Bernard Cartella, Jan Delbaere, Michael Sheinkman, Nang Seng Aye, Aaron Charlop-Powers, Siddharth Krishnaswamy, Raul Varela
Source/publisher:
FAO, WFP
Date of publication:
2009-01-22
Date of entry/update:
2010-09-22
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Cyclone Nargis: Individual documents, WFP (World Food Programme), Food Security in Burma/Myanmar - web searches, specialised groups, reports and statistics
Language:
English
more
Description:
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS:
The Government of Myanmar has made it clear that it recognises the crucial importance of a dynamic, liberalised agricultural sector to the country, describing it as the base? for national economic growth and calling for the evolution of a market-oriented economic system? as a key economic objective, while the first policy declaration of the MOAI is to allow freedom of choice in agricultural production?. Yet more than a decade after the commencement of the transition from the previous Socialist regime, many aspects of the agricultural and rural economy remain substantially under Government control or influence, including the choice of crops to be planted, priorities for agricultural research and extension, access to inputs, processing and international trade...
The enormous potentials inherent in the agricultural and rural economy of Myanmar outlined in this document will continue to go unrealised unless the liberalisation process started in the late 1980s is encouraged to fully evolve. Although moves such as the liberalisation of rice marketing in 2003 should be welcomed, their impact is often reduced by a subsequent tightening of state controls ? as indeed has been the case with the reintroduction of the prohibition on private sector exports of rice just a few months later. This study has identified a number of important technical issues that need to be addressed in order to facilitate the growth of the sector1, however, it must be understood that the impact of investment in the rural sector will be greatly lessened in the absence of continued liberalisation measures...
The three policy areas which are exerting the greatest influence on sector development at this time are those relating to rural financial services, international trade and directed production. The liberalisation of rural finances is critical because state-controlled structures (e.g. MADB) are currently unable to provide farmers and other rural entrepreneurs with access to the financing they need to increase productivity. This lack of financing reduces the use of inputs, limits the adoption of new technologies, constrains the development of unutilised land and encourages low cost/low output production. Furthermore, by forcing rural populations to use much higher cost credit from informal sources it is, without doubt, a major factor in increasing rural indebtedness and poverty. Limitations on access to international markets are almost equally important, as they prevent the sector from identifying, and responding to, those opportunities which will provide the greatest returns, both for their families and for the country as a whole. The result has been to distort production patterns towards perceived national priorities, at the expense of economic growth. Finally, the continued use of directed production for perceived strategic crops limits the ability of the agricultural sector to seek out and adopt the most productive and profitable activities, effectively preventing its evolution in a rapidly changing world...
The temptation to solve economic problems through direct intervention is an age old one, and it is not surprising that the Government sees intervention as an effective instrument for achieving short-term goals, such as maintaining low consumer prices, guaranteeing supplies, or reducing expenditure of scarce foreign currency ? even when this is in conflict with its own broader national policies. Nevertheless, action in one area has inevitable consequences elsewhere, many of which may not be anticipated. As many countries have discovered, one intervention often requires another intervention to resolve an unintended side-effect. Consequently, such intervention should be used very sparingly, if at all, and alternative approaches, which do not conflict with basic national policies should be sought instead...
With ASEAN integration now a likely prospect in the medium term, growing pressures from international globalisation, and strong indications of increasing poverty in rural areas, a continuation of the partial liberalization regime effectively in place at the moment will prove difficult to maintain and is likely to further constrain economic growth and development. Myanmar may ultimately have to choose between broad choices: To return to the socialist model of the 1970s and 1980s, and in so doing effectively disconnect the country from the international and regional economic system; or to push forward with existing national policies of economic liberalisation and realize the great potential of Myanmar as an agricultural producer and exporter. While the second choice will bring with it many challenges, few doubt that the agricultural sector in Myanmar can be a competitive force in the world economy, and the growth that such
competitiveness would bring could both reduce rural poverty and catalyse the development of the rest of the economy.
14.95 Finally, it is worth noting that experience across a broad spectrum of developing countries has shown that food security is most prevalent when national policies influencing the productive sectors of the economy have a marked pro-poor orientation. In a predominantly rural economy such as that of Myanmar, agricultural growth provides the most opportunities for pro-poor development, as long as the poor are central to the process. This requires not only access to appropriate technical, financial and physical resources for production, as well as associated services such as health, sanitation, water supply and education, but also an economic and policy environment which enables rural households to respond to market demand and benefit from their contribution to national growth.
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO)
Date of publication:
2004-00-00
Date of entry/update:
2007-11-27
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
2.02 MB
Local URL:
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Description:
Keywords: Community participation, Poverty alleviation, Awareness, Integrating stakeholders, Sustainabiltiy Location: Myanmar. FAO/UNDP project(?) "Awareness and visions: The Dry Zone project follows a conservation-based approach to rural development requiring the close integration of the agriculture, forestry and livestock sectors. The vulnerability of the environment and the intricate cause and effect relationships presume the need for balanced ecosystem development.
Integrating stakeholders: The Dry Zone Project emphasizes on involvement of communities in project management to increase their capabilities in self management in which results from the programme has shown that communities are becoming more involved in the design, implementation and monitoring of their own initiatives.
"
Source/publisher:
UN ESCAP
Date of entry/update:
2003-06-03
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO)
Language:
English
more