Librarian's Choice
အဓိကအကြောင်းအရာ
Description/subject:
"The U.S. must not shrink from its leadership role in the international order, according to a new Asia Foundation report released today. Asian Views on America?s Role in Asia: The Future of the Rebalance is the Foundation?s signature foreign policy initiative bringing together diverse, distinct perspectives from influential Asian foreign policy specialists and thought leaders. The report arrives on the eve of possibly the greatest change in American foreign policy in Asia since the end of World War II. One of the principal conclusions of the report is that most Asians believe that a robust, sustained, and consistent U.S. diplomatic, economic, and security presence in the region is essential.
President-elect Donald Trump will find a complex set of issues to address in the dynamic and divergent region, including pressing inter-Asian tensions, expectations of Asian leaders and the broader public about America?s role, as well as rising powers eager to set their own agendas.
In contrast to the majority of Asia policy projects in the U.S. which limit the inquiry to American views, the report emphasizes the views of Asians, not only foreign policy luminaries, but also an emerging younger generation of leaders, including from civil society and policy institutes. The Asia Foundation report is formulated as a set of strategic recommendations—including a concise top 10—for the new administration on U.S. foreign policy priorities in Asia. These are:
Maintain a strong American presence in the Asia Pacific;
Support Asian regional architecture;
Ratify TPP;
Rethink U.S. strategy on the Korean peninsula;
Pursue a balanced approach towards China;
Ratify UN Convention on the Law of the Sea;
Work with India to address South Asian security;
Do not abandon Afghanistan;
Play a leading role in nontraditional security; and
Continue to project American ?soft power.”
Source/publisher:
Asia Foundation
Date of publication:
2016-11-14
Date of entry/update:
2016-11-22
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
USA-Asia relations
Language:
English
Local URL:
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Description/subject:
The Future of the Rebalance...
STRATEGIC RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE INCOMING
U.S. PRESIDENT ON FOREIGN POLICY TOWARDS ASIA.....EXECUTIVE SUMMARY:
As in much of the world, policymakers in Asia have been transfixed by the twists and
turns of the 2016 U.S. presidential campaign.The contest between Donald Trump
and Hillary Clinton has unexpectedly set the stage for a comprehensive discussion
of America?s post-war foreign policy—including its commitment to the global
security system and a liberal trading regime. As the United States reexamines many
of the traditional assumptions about its role in the world, Asian leaders are deeply
concerned about America?s long-term support for the liberal, global economic order
and Washington?s political will to sustain its longstanding international security
commitments.
Faced with the forces of isolationism and economic nationalism, the United States
must not shrink from its leadership role in the international order. The U.S. has been
a major power in Asia for the past 70 years, a time of unprecedented and dramatic
economic expansion and societal change that has transformed virtually every Asian
nation and thrust the region as a whole into a position of global preeminence. Yet
despite these advances, the countries of Asia are contending with a number of
complex and potentially destabilizing international and internal challenges—from
territorial disputes and nuclear proliferation, maritime piracy and human and drug
trafficking, to corruption, rapid urbanization, environmental pollution, income
inequality and poverty, aging populations, and natural disasters..."
Source/publisher:
Asia Foundation
Date of publication:
2016-11-14
Date of entry/update:
2016-11-22
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
USA-Asia relations
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
7.41 MB
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Description/subject:
Abstract: "Global economic change and policy interventions
are driving transitions from long-fallow swidden (LFS)
systems to alternative land uses in Southeast Asia?s uplands.
This study presents a systematic review of how these
transitions impact upon livelihoods and ecosystem services
in the region. Over 17 000 studies published between 1950
and 2015 were narrowed, based on relevance and quality, to
93 studies for further analysis. Our analysis of land-use
transitions from swidden to intensified cropping systems
showed several outcomes: more households had increased
overall income, but these benefits came at significant cost
such as reductions of customary practice, socio-economic
wellbeing, livelihood options, and staple yields. Examining
the effects of transitions on soil properties revealed negative
impacts on soil organic carbon, cation-exchange capacity,
and aboveground carbon. Taken together, the proximate and
underlying drivers of the transitions from LFS to alternative
land uses, especially intensified perennial and annual cash
cropping, led to significant declines in pre-existing
livelihood security and the ecosystem services supporting
this security. Our results suggest that policies imposing landuse
transitions on upland farmers so as to improve
livelihoods and environments have been misguided; in the
context of varied land uses, swidden agriculture can support
livelihoods and ecosystem services that will help buffer the
impacts of climate change in Southeast Asia."
Keywords: *Alternative land uses *Ecosystem services *
Livelihood security *Shifting cultivation *Southeast Asia
Wolfram H. Dressler, David Wilson, Jessica Clendenning, Rob Cramb, Rodney Keenan, Sango Mahanty, Thilde Bech Bruun, Ole Mertz
Source/publisher:
The Royal Swedish Acadamy of Sciences, Crossmark
Date of publication:
2016-10-01
Date of entry/update:
2016-11-20
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Shifting ("swidden", "jhum", "taungya", "kaingin") cultivation - regional and global, Policies, Policies, Customary tenure - global and regional
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
1.78 MB
Local URL:
2016-Dressler_et_al-swidden_review.pdf
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Description/subject:
"High-definition satellite imagery shows widespread fire-related destruction in ethnic Rohingya villages in Burma?s Rakhine State, Human Rights Watch said today. The Burmese government should immediately invite the United Nations to assist in investigating reported destruction of villages in the area.
?New satellite images not only confirm the widespread destruction of Rohingya villages but show that it was even greater than we first thought,” said Brad Adams, Asia director at Human Rights Watch. ?Burmese authorities should promptly establish a UN-assisted investigation as a first step toward ensuring justice and security for the victims.”
Human Rights Watch identified a total of 430 destroyed buildings in three villages of northern Maungdaw district from an analysis of very high resolution satellite imagery recorded on the mornings of October 22, November 3, and November 10, 2016. Of this total, 85 buildings were destroyed in the village of Pyaung Pyit (Ngar Sar Kyu), 245 in Kyet Yoe Pyin, and 100 in Wa Peik (Kyee Kan Pyin). Damage signatures in each of the assessed villages were consistent with fire, including the presence of large burn scars and destroyed tree cover. Because of dense tree cover it is possible that the actual number of destroyed buildings is higher..."
Source/publisher:
Human Rights Watch
Date of publication:
2016-11-13
Date of entry/update:
2016-11-18
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
Local URL:
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Description/subject:
Introduction to
the
First Edition:
"EarthRights International (ERI), alongside
its
partners in the Mekong Legal
Network (MLN),
is
working directly to build the capacity of communities,
campaigners
and lawyers to engage in Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
processes
in
the Mekong
region
. Consequently, ERI and the MLN have
collaborated to produce this original manual
for EIA practitioners in the six
Mekong countries
which specifically targets government decision
-
makers,
investors, lawyers and other professionals working on the implementation of
EIA. The result is this
unique
practical
guide for implementing EIA in the
Mekong,
which both ERI and
the
MLN are
strategically
placed to disseminate to
relevant
EIA stakeholders, especially project-affected communities
across
the
region.
The
Environmental Impact Assessment in the Mekong Region
manual is the first
time that anyone has sought to bring together in one volume an analysis of the
EIA systems of each of the six Mekong countries, including the common themes
and approaches. This was also the first project undertaken by the
MLN, in
collaboration with
ERI. As a result, there was a lot of learning throughout the
process of collaboration and collation from all involved. Whilst all of the
members of the MLN are experienced lawyers, we found that there was a gap
between law and practice. There
was also the need to be able to communicate
in a transboundary way, while acknowledging that different countries used
different processes and with some different approaches to EIA.
The First Edition is the result of this period of collaboration. We have
tried to
ensure accuracy and completeness. However, we also recognise that there is
always room for improvement. We welcome any comments, criticisms or
complaints. Our aim is to provide the materials and continue the existing
discussion on the value of EIA
in the region and how EIA can be improved.
The work of the Mekong Partnership for the Environment, and the work of
PACT, has been devoted to the role of EIA in achieving sustainable
development. Through the work of PACT and many other practitioners and
communities, the profile of EIA has been raised. Many discussions are occurring
to improve the standard and value of EIA. In particular, the development of
Regional Guidelines on Public Participation and the drafting of national
guidelines on Public Participation in EIA for both Cambodia and Myanmar are all
indicators of the importance of enhancing public participation in EIA.
This First Edition is aimed at practitioners, civil society, lawyers, EIA consultants
and project proponents. We hope that, by under
standing the legal obligations
under national law, all stakeholders will work together to pursue constant
improvement in the EIA process across the Mekong region."
Matthew Baird, Sor Rattanamanee Polkla, Songkrant Pongboonjun, Manolinh Thepkhamvong, Dang Dinh Bach, Tep Neth, Than Than Aye, Oo Kyaw Thein, Jinmei Liu, Rémy Kinna.
Source/publisher:
EarthRights International (ERI)
Date of publication:
2016-09-30
Date of entry/update:
2016-11-17
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
3.57 MB
Local URL:
ERI-2016-10-EIA_manual-en.pdf
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Description/subject:
Executive Summary:
"As Burma emerges from decades of authoritarian rule and international isolation, the issue of human
rights and human rights abuses has been of large concern to many actors involved. Holding those accountable
for crimes committed in the past has been at the forefront for many observers. However, Burma must also take
steps toward ensuring that the opportunity for such abuse is removed and cannot be repeated in the future.
Prisons are one such place where abuses are particularly likely to occur. They are hidden from the
public eye, and prisoners are shown little sympathy by the general public. This creates an environment of
increased impunity, which in turn leads to the violation of basic human rights for many individuals. This is true
for both political prisoners and criminal prisoners alike. Reforming the prison system, although perhaps not
politically expedient, is therefore crucial to eliminating human rights violations.
This paper, therefore, is a preliminary assessment of the potential for such a reform in Burma. The research
is ongoing and will hopefully provide a valuable resource for other individuals and organizations interested in
the penal system in Burma and its reform. It is meant as a foundation from which to work from and build upon..."
Source/publisher:
Assistance Association for Political Prisoners, Burma (AAPPB)
Date of publication:
2016-08-31
Date of entry/update:
2016-11-14
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
3.03 MB
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Description/subject:
347 videos, November 2016; 111,000, February 2018 - of Noam Chomsky - interviews, debates, lectures etc. on politics, education, philosophy, activism.... from 2 minutes to more than 2 hours -
Source/publisher:
Youtube
Date of entry/update:
2016-11-13
Type:
Websites/Multiple Documents
Language:
English
Local URL:
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Description/subject:
Noam Chomsky and physicist Lawrence Krauss - Critical thinking, US role in the world etc. See Alternate URLs for more. Also search on Youtube.com
Noam Chomsky, Lawrence Krauss
Source/publisher:
Youtube
Date of publication:
2016-10-02
Date of entry/update:
2016-11-13
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
Local URL:
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Source/publisher:
Amnesty International
Date of publication:
2016-11-10
Date of entry/update:
2016-11-11
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
Burmese (မြန်မာဘာသာ)
Format :
pdf
Size:
237.68 KB
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Description/subject:
၂၀၁၅ ခုနှစ်ဇူလိုင်လတွင် အကျဉ်းထောင်များ ဥပဒေမူကြမ်းကို မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ ပြည်ထောင်စု လွှတ်တော်တွင် ?ရပ်ရွာအေးချမ်း သာယာရေးနှင့် တရားဥပဒေစိုးမိုးရေး”၊ ?မှုခင်းထပ်မံ မကျူးလွန်စေရန် ကာကွယ်ရေး”၊ အကျဉ်းသားများအား ပြစ်ဒဏ်မှ လွတ်မြောက်ပြီးသောအခါ ထိုက်သင့်သော အသက်မွေးမှု ပညာရပ်များ သင်ကြားတတ်မြောက်စေရန် အတွက် အဓိကရည်ရွယ်လျက် တင်သွင်းခဲ့ပါသည်။ ဤအကျဉ်းထောင်များ ဥပဒေမူကြမ်းမှာ ခေတ်နှင့် မလျော်ညီတော့သော အကျဉ်းထောင်များနှင့် စပ်လျဉ်းသည့် ဥပဒေမူဘောင်များဖြစ်သည့် ၁၈၉၄ ခုနှစ် အကျဉ်းထောင် အက်ဥပဒေ၊ ၁၉၀၀ ခုနှစ် အကျဉ်းသားများ အက်ဥပဒေ နှင့် ၁၉၂၀ အကျဉ်းသားအဖြစ် သတ်မှတ်ခြင်း အက်ဥပဒေ တို့ကို ပယ်ဖျက်ပြီး အစားထိုးမည့် ဥပဒေမူကြမ်း ဖြစ်သည်။
ဤကဲ့သို့ ဥပဒေပိုင်းအရကြိုးပမ်းမှုကို အပြည်ပြည်ဆိုင်ရာ လွတ်ငြိမ်းချမ်းသာခွင့်အဖွဲ့က ကြိုဆိုပါသည်။ ပြည့်စုံသော၊ အသေးစိတ်ကျသော၊ နိုင်ငံတကာ လူ့အခွင့်အရေးဥပဒေ စံညွန်းများနှင့် ကိုက်ညီသော အကျဉ်းထောင်များ ဥပဒေတစ်ရပ်သည် မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ၏ အကျဉ်းသားများအားထိန်းသိမ်းချုပ်နှောင်ခြင်းဆိုင်ရာ အခြေအနေများကို တိုးတက်ကောင်းမွန်အောင်ဆောင်ရွက်ရာတွင် အရေးပါသော နည်းလမ်းတစ်ခု ဖြစ်ပါလိမ့်မည်။ သိုသော် ယခုထွက်ရှိလာသော လူထုကိုချပြသည့် ဥပဒေမူကြမ်းသည် နိုင်ငံတကာ စံချိန်စံညွှန်းများနှင့် များစွာ ဝေးကွာနေပါသေးသည်။ လွတ်လပ်မှုဆုံးရှုံး၍ အကျဉ်းကျခံနေရသောသူများ၏ အခွင့်အရေးကာကွယ်ပေးနိုင်ရန်အတွက် လိုအပ်သော ပြဌာန်းချက်များစွာ ကျန်ရှိနေသေးကြောင်းတွေ့ရပါသည်။ ယခု အပြည်ပြည်ဆိုင်ရာ လွတ်ငြိမ်းချမ်းသာခွင့်အဖွဲ့က တင်ပြမည့် အသေးစိတ် ဆန်းစစ်လေ့လာချက်တွင် နိုင်ငံတကာ လူ့အခွင့်အရေး စံချိန်စံညွှန်းများနှင့် ကိုက်ညီစွာ အကျဉ်းထောင်များဥပဒေကို မည်ကဲ့သို့ပြင်ဆင်သင့်သည်ဆိုသော တိကျသည့် အကြံပြုချက်များကို ဖေါ်ပြထားပါသည်။ လက်ရှိ ဆန်းစစ်ချက်မှာ လွှတ်တော် ကိုယ်စားလှယ်များ၊ အခြားသော အစိုးရ အာဏာပိုင်များ၊ လူ့အသိုင်းအဝန်းအတွက် လှုပ်ရှားကြသူများ နှင့် မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ၏ အကျဉ်းထောင် စနစ်ကို ပြုပြင်ပြောင်းလဲရန် ကြိုးပမ်းနေကြသူတို့အတွက် အသုံးဝင်မည်ဟု ကျွန်ုပ်တို့ မျှော်လင့်ပါသည်။
Source/publisher:
Amnesty International
Date of publication:
2016-11-10
Date of entry/update:
2016-11-11
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
Burmese (မြန်မာဘာသာ)
Format :
pdf
Size:
898.67 KB
Local URL:
AI-2016-11-Prison_Law_Analysis-bu-red.pdf
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Description/subject:
"In July 2015 a draft Prisons Law was introduced in Myanmar?s Parliament, with the objective to ?safeguard peace in the community and the rule of law”; prevent ?repeat offending”; and provide for the rehabilitation of prisoners with a view to their release. The draft Prisons Law is set to replace Myanmar?s outdated legal framework on prison conditions by repealing the 1894 Prisons Act, the 1900 Prisoners Act and the 1920 Identification of Prisoners Act.
Amnesty International welcomes this legislative initiative. A prisons law which is comprehensive, detailed, and fully in line with international human rights law and standards will be an important tool to improve conditions of detention in Myanmar. However, the latest draft made available to the public falls far short of international standards. It fails to include a number of provisions necessary to protect the rights of people deprived of their liberty. In this detailed legal analysis, Amnesty International makes specific recommendations as to how the draft Prisons Law should be amended to bring it in line with international human rights law and standards. We hope that this analysis will prove to be useful to parliamentarians, other government officials, civil society actors, and others working on the reform of Myanmar?s prison system..."
Source/publisher:
Amnesty International
Date of publication:
2016-11-10
Date of entry/update:
2016-11-11
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
605.06 KB
Local URL:
AI-2016-Bring_rights_to_prisons-en-red.pdf
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Description/subject:
The
following
is
an
unofficial
translation
of
the [draft]
Prisons
Law
2015.....This draft was made in Burmese in July 2015 by the USDP Administration. Various groups, including Amnesty International, are making suggestions to the NLD on the draft (See "commentary", in this section) so the final version may be very different from this text.
Source/publisher:
Assistance Association for Political Prisoners (Burma)
Date of publication:
2015-06-30
Date of entry/update:
2016-11-11
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
244.29 KB
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Description/subject:
"The UN Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (SMRs) were initially adopted by the UN Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders in 1955, and approved by the UN Economic and Social Council in 1957.
On 17 December 2015 a revised version of the Standard Minimum Rules were adopted unanimously by the 70th session of the UN General Assembly in Resolution A/RES/70/175; (see PRI?s press release). This followed a four-year revision process after a 2010 UN General Assembly resolution which requested revision of the SMRs ?so that they reflect recent advances in correctional science and best practices?. Find out more on the revision process.
The revised Rules will be known as the ?Nelson Mandela Rules? to honour the legacy of the late President of South Africa, Mr. Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela, who spent so many years of His life in prison?...."
KEYWORDS: PRISONER TREATMENT, CRIME PREVENTION, CRIMINAL JUSTICE, CONFERENCES, DOCUMENTATION, INTERNATIONAL DAYS, WOMEN PRISONERS, DETAINED JUVENILES, NON-CUSTODIAL SANCTIONS, TECHNICAL COOPERATION, RESOURCES ALLOCATION, INFORMATION DISSEMINATION, ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE, TRAINING PROGRAMMES
Source/publisher:
United Nations (A /RES/70/175)
Date of publication:
2016-01-08
Date of entry/update:
2016-11-11
Type:
Websites/Multiple Documents
Category:
Laws, decrees, bills, regulations and manuals relating to the Penal System (standards and commentary), Detentions, Trials, Independence of the Judiciary: standards and mechanisms
Language:
English
Local URL:
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Description/subject:
CONTAINING
THE LAND ACQUISITION ACT, 1894 ( India Act I, 1894) WITH THE RULES AND DIRECTIONS ISSUED THEREUNDER
(Corrected up to the 31st May 1934)
Source/publisher:
Government of the Union of Burma
Date of publication:
1946-11-30
Date of entry/update:
2016-11-07
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
3.97 MB
Local URL:
1947-Burma_land_acquisition_manual-tu.pdf
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Description/subject:
"On 3 November 2016, the UN Working Group on Arbitrary Detention published its long-awaited decision that the Myanmar government?s repeated detention of Saffron Revolution protest leader, and former monk, Gambira, was arbitrary and in contravention of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights..."
Source/publisher:
Article 19
Date of publication:
2016-11-04
Date of entry/update:
2016-11-05
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
Local URL:
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Description/subject:
"...Disposition:
35.
In the light of the
foregoing, the Working Group renders the following opinion:
The deprivation of liberty of Mr. Gambira
was arbitrary, being in contravention with
Articles 10 and 13 of the UDHR; it falls within category II of the categories
applicable to the consideration of the cases submitted to the Working Group.
36.
Consequent upon the opinion rendered, the Working Group requests the
Government to take the necessary steps to remedy the situation of Mr. Gambira and bring it
into conformity with the standards and principles set forth in the UDHR.
37.
The Working Group believes that, taking into account all the circumstances of the
case, including the release of Mr. Gambira, the adequate remedy would be to accord him an
enforceable right to compensation..."
Source/publisher:
United Nations - Working Group on Arbitrary Detention
Date of publication:
2016-09-07
Date of entry/update:
2016-11-04
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Working Group on Arbitrary Detention: Opinions/Decisions on Myanmar cases, Laws, decrees, bills and regulations relating to opinion and expression (commentary), Political prisoners and other violations in Burma - reports
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
113.51 KB
Local URL:
WGAD-2016-09-07-Gambira_opinion.pdf
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Description/subject:
The Telecommunications Law
(The Pyidaungsu Hluttaw Law No. 31, 2013)
The 4th Waxing Day of Thadingyut, 1375 M.E.
(8th October, 2013)
Source/publisher:
Pyidaungsu Hluttaw
Date of publication:
2013-10-08
Date of entry/update:
2016-11-04
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Burma/Myanmar laws which have been used in political cases and are in need of amendment (texts), Laws, decrees, bills and regulations relating to opinion and expression (texts)
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
115.57 KB
Local URL:
2013-10-08-Telecommunications_Law-en.pdf
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Description/subject:
Резюме
Генеральный секретарь имеет честь препроводить членам Генеральной Ассамблеи доклад Специального докладчика Совета по правам человека по во-просу о положении в области прав человека в Мьянме Янги Ли, представлен-ный в соответствии с резолюцией 70/233 Генеральной Ассамблеи. В докладе содержится обзор событий в области прав человека в Мьянме и излагаются ключевые проблемы, которые необходимо решить в целях достижения даль-нейших результатов в области прав человека в этой стране .....
Yanghee Lee
Source/publisher:
United Nations General Assembly (A-71-361)
Date of publication:
2016-08-29
Date of entry/update:
2016-11-01
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Reports to the GA by the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar (Russian)
Language:
Russian
Format :
pdf
Size:
479.38 KB
Local URL:
UNGA-2015-71-SRM-report-ru.pdf
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Description/subject:
摘要
秘书长谨向人权理事会转递缅甸状况特别报告员李亮喜依照大第 秘书长谨向人权理事会转递缅甸状况特别报告员李亮喜依照大第 秘书长谨向人权理事会转递缅甸状况特别报告员李亮喜依照大第 秘书长谨向人权理事会转递缅甸状况特别报告员李亮喜依照大第 70/233 70/233 号决议提交的报告。概述了缅甸人权方面发展情况，列出为实现 号决议提交的报告。概述了缅甸人权方面发展情况，列出为实现 号决议提交的报告。概述了缅甸人权方面发展情况，列出为实现 号决议提交的报告。概述了缅甸人权方面发展情况，列出为实现 号决议提交的报告。概述了缅甸人权方面发展情况，列出为实现 号决议提交的报告。概述了缅甸人权方面发展情况，列出为实现 号决议提交的报告。概述了缅甸人权方面发展情况，列出为实现 号决议提交的报告。概述了缅甸人权方面发展情况，列出为实现 号决议提交的报告。概述了缅甸人权方面发展情况，列出为实现 号决议提交的报告。概述了缅甸人权方面发展情况，列出为实现 号决议提交的报告。概述了缅甸人权方面发展情况，列出为实现 号决议提交的报告。概述了缅甸人权方面发展情况，列出为实现 号决议提交的报告。概述了缅甸人权方面发展情况，列出为实现 号决议提交的报告。概述了缅甸人权方面发展情况，列出为实现 号决议提交的报告。概述了缅甸人权方面发展情况，列出为实现 号决议提交的报告。概述了缅甸人权方面发展情况，列出为实现 号决议提交的报告。概述了缅甸人权方面发展情况，列出为实现 号决议提交的报告。概述了缅甸人权方面发展情况，列出为实现 号决议提交的报告。概述了缅甸人权方面发展情况，列出为实现 该国人权领域的进一步需解决关键问题。 该国人权领域的进一步需解决关键问题。 该国人权领域的进一步需解决关键问题。 该国人权领域的进一步需解决关键问题。 该国人权领域的进一步需解决关键问题。 该国人权领域的进一步需解决关键问题。 该国人权领域的进一步需解决关键问题。 该国人权领域的进一步需解决关键问题。 该国人权领域的进一步需解决关键问题。.....六. 结论
92. 特别报告员欢迎政府致力于推进民主过渡、民族和解、可持续发展与和平，以及在此方面已经采取的重要措施。但是，只有当人权充分融入其体制、法律和政策框架，缅甸年轻的民主才能够进步。建设尊重人权的文化必须是现在和将来的一项优先事项。
93. 在跟随选举而来的兴奋过去之后，新政府面临范围广泛的挑战，这一现实没有大幅减少变革的希望。因此，对于本届政府来说，关键的考验是利用压倒性的公众支持以及当前在人权优先事项方面取得进步和推进改革的势头。 94. 尽管新政府要求国际社会给它行动时间，但特别报告员希望始终建设性地参与倡导在人权方面取得更大进步。她还将继续要求缅甸对它的国际人权义务问责。 95. 国际社会在此方面也有责任。在追求锻造或加强政治或经济联系的同时，国际行为者在企业和投资关系以及其他方面必须继续以人权为优先事项。特别是，支助缅甸发展项目的行为者应当积极主动地确保尊重受影响社区的权利。更加广泛地说，国际行为者不应当在遇到关切问题时保持沉默，或者，最糟糕的是，成为侵权行为持续存在的共犯，从而破坏以人权为优先事项。国际社会应当通过继续监测、宣传和其他途径，始终充分参与人权问题，并向政府和其他利益攸关方提供必要的支助，遵照国际人权标准推进民主改革。
Yanghee Lee
Source/publisher:
United Nations General Assembly (A-71-361)
Date of publication:
2016-08-29
Date of entry/update:
2016-11-01
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Reports to the GA by the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar (Chinese)
Language:
Chinese
Format :
pdf
Size:
538.44 KB
Local URL:
UNGA-2015-71-SRM-report-ch.pdf
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Description/subject:
موجز
يتش ف الأمين العام بنن يقدم تق ي المق رة الخاصة لمجل حقو الإنسان المعنية
بحالة حقو الإنسان في ميانمار يان لي وفقا لق ار الجمعية العامة 70 / 233 . ويقدم
التق ي لمحة عامة عن التطورا في مجال حقو الإنسان في ميانمار ويحدد المسال ال ليسية
التي يتعين معالجتاا من أج تحقيق المزيد من التقدم في مجال حقو الإنسان في البلد. .....
Yanghee Lee
Source/publisher:
United Nations General Assembly (A-71-361)
Date of publication:
2016-08-29
Date of entry/update:
2016-11-01
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Reports to the GA by the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar (Arabic)
Language:
Arabic
Format :
pdf
Size:
747.04 KB
Local URL:
UNGA-2015-71-SRM-report-ar.pdf
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Description/subject:
Résumé:
"Le Secrétaire général a l?honneur de présenter le rapport de la Rapporteuse spéciale sur la situation des droits de l?homme au Myanmar, Yanghee Lee, conformément à la résolution 70/233 de l?Assemblée générale. Le rapport donne un aperçu de l?évolution de la situation dans le domaine des droits de l?homme au Myanmar et cerne les principaux problèmes auxquels le pays doit remédier pour pouvoir réaliser de nouveaux progrès en matière des droits de l?homme.....Conclusions:
La Rapporteuse spéciale se félicite de l?engagement pris par le Gouvernement en faveur de la poursuite de la transition démocratique, de la réconciliation nationale, du développement durable et de la paix, ainsi que des mesures importantes qui ont déjà été adoptées à cet égard. Toutefois, la jeune démocratie du Myanmar ne pourra s?épanouir que si elle intègre pleinement les droits de l?homme dans son cadre institutionnel, juridique et politique. La création d?une culture de respect des droits de l?homme doit être une priorité, aujourd?hui comme demain.
93. Après l?euphorie qui a suivi les élections, et en dépit des difficultés de nature très diverse auxquelles est confronté le Gouvernement, l?espoir de changement demeure fort. Le succès du Gouvernement résidera donc dans sa capacité à tirer parti de la dynamique actuelle et du large soutien dont il bénéficie dans la population pour continuer à oeuvrer à la réalisation des objectifs en matière de droits de l?homme et poursuivre les réformes.
Quand bien même le nouveau Gouvernement a demandé à la communauté internationale de lui laisser le temps d?agir, la Rapporteuse spéciale entend continuer de plaider en faveur de nouvelles avancées dans le domaine des droits de l?homme, dans un esprit constructif. Elle continuera également de rappeler au Myanmar qu?il doit s?acquitter de ses obligations internationales en la matière.
95. La communauté internationale a également un rôle à jouer à cet égard. Impatients de nouer ou de renforcer leurs liens politiques ou économiques avec le pays, les acteurs internationaux n?en doivent pas moins continuer de placer au premier rang de leurs priorités la question des droits de l?homme, que ce soit en matière de relations commerciales ou d?investissements ou dans tout autre domaine. En particulier, les acteurs qui prêtent appui aux projets de développement au Myanmar doivent veiller activement à ce que les droits des populations concernées soient respectés. Plus généralement, les acteurs internationaux ne doivent pas saper les efforts déployés en faveur des droits de l?homme, par exemple en gardant le silence face à des situations préoccupantes ou, pire encore, en se rendant complices d?exactions. La communauté internationale doit rester pleinement mobilisée sur cette question, dans le cadre de ses activités de contrôle et de sensibilisation ou par d?autres moyens, et fournir l?assistance dont le Gouvernement et les autres parties prenantes ont besoin pour poursuivre les réformes démocratiques dans le plein respect des normes internationales en matière de droits de l?homme.
96. La collaboration de tous les acteurs est indispensable pour garantir le respect et la protection des droits de l?homme dans l?ensemble du pays.
Recommandations:..."
Yanghee Lee
Source/publisher:
Assemblée générale des Nations Unies (A/71/361)
Date of publication:
2016-08-29
Date of entry/update:
2016-10-31
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Language:
French, Francais
Format :
pdf
Size:
471.56 KB
Local URL:
UNGA-2015-71-SRM-report-fr.pdf
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Description/subject:
Resumen:
"El Secretario General tiene el honor de presentar el informe de la Relatora Especial del Consejo de Derechos Humanos sobre la situación de los derechos humanos en Myanmar, Sra. Yanghee Lee, de conformidad con lo dispuesto en la resolución 70/233 de la Asamblea General. El informe da una idea global de la evolución de los derechos humanos en Myanmar y determina cuestiones fundamentales que deberán abordarse para lograr mayores avances en materia de derechos humanos en el país.....Conclusiones:
"La Relatora Especial acoge con satisfacción el compromiso del Gobierno de promover la transición democrática, la reconciliación nacional, el desarrollo
sostenible y la paz, y las importantes medidas que ya se han adoptado en este sentido. Sin embargo, la joven democracia de Myanmar solo puede avanzar si los derechos humanos se integran plenamente en su marco institucional, jurídico y normativo. La construcción de una cultura de respeto de los derechos humanos debe ser una prioridad ahora y en el futuro.
93. Tras la euforia que siguió a las elecciones, la realidad de las numerosas dificultades a las que se enfrenta el nuevo Gobierno no ha empañado significativamente el sentido de esperanza y cambio. Por lo tanto, la prueba de fuego para este Gobierno será aprovechar su abrumador apoyo público y la inercia actual para avanzar en las prioridades de derechos humanos y promover las reformas.
94. Aunque el nuevo Gobierno ha pedido tiempo a la comunidad internacional para actuar, la Relatora Especial tiene intención de seguir abogando de manera constructiva por un mayor avance en los derechos humanos. También seguirá pidiendo cuentas a Myanmar respecto a sus obligaciones internacionales en materia de derechos humanos.
La comunidad internacional también tiene una responsabilidad a este respecto. En la carrera por forjar o fortalecer los vínculos políticos o económicos, los agentes internacionales deben seguir priorizando los derechos humanos, en las relaciones empresariales y de inversión y en otros ámbitos. En particular, los agentes que respaldan proyectos de desarrollo en Myanmar deben garantizar de manera proactiva el respeto de los derechos de las comunidades afectadas. En términos más generales, los agentes internacionales no deben menoscabar las prioridades de derechos humanos, por ejemplo quedándose callados cuando se enfrenten a problemas o, peor, haciéndose cómplices en la perpetuación de los abusos. La comunidad internacional debe seguir colaborando plenamente en las cuestiones de derechos humanos mediante el seguimiento y la promoción continuos y otros medios y prestando el apoyo necesario al Gobierno y otras partes interesadas para impulsar las reformas democráticas en consonancia con las normas internacionales de derechos humanos.
96. Es esencial que todos los agentes trabajen juntos para garantizar el respeto y la protección de los derechos humanos en todo Myanmar.
Recomendaciones..."
Sra. Yanghee Lee
Source/publisher:
Naciones Unidas. Asamblea General (A/71/361)
Date of publication:
2016-08-29
Date of entry/update:
2016-10-31
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Language:
Spanish, Espanol
Format :
pdf
Size:
428.94 KB
Local URL:
UNGA-2015-71-SRM-report-sp.pdf
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Description/subject:
Summary:
"The Secretary-General has the honour to present the report of the Special Rapporteur of the Human Rights Council on the situation of human rights in Myanmar, Yanghee Lee, in accordance with General Assembly resolution 70/233. The report provides an overview of human rights developments in Myanmar and sets out key issues to be addressed in order to achieve further progress in human rights in the country.....Conclusions"
92. "The Special Rapporteur welcomes the Government?s commitment to furthering democratic transition, national reconciliation, sustainable development and peace, and the important steps already taken in this regard. However, Myanmar?s young democracy can only progress if human rights are fully integrated into its institutional, legal and policy framework. Building a culture of respect for human rights must be a priority now and in the future. __________________
40 CEDAW/C/MMR/CO/4-5.
A/71/361
22/25 16-14905
93. After the euphoria following the elections, the reality of the wide-ranging challenges facing the new Government has not significantly dampened the sense of hope for change. It will therefore be the key test for this Government to capitalize on its overwhelming public support and current momentum to make progress in human rights priorities and further reforms.
94. Although the new Government has asked the international community to give it time to act, the Special Rapporteur intends to remain constructively engaged in advocating for greater progress on human rights. She will also continue to hold Myanmar accountable to its international human rights obligations.
95. The international community also has a responsibility in this regard. In the rush to forge or strengthen political or economic ties, international actors must continue to prioritize human rights, in business and investment relations and elsewhere. In particular, actors supporting development projects in Myanmar should proactively ensure respect for the rights of affected communities. More broadly, international actors should not undermine human rights priorities by, for instance, remaining silent when confronted with concerns or, at worst, becoming complicit in perpetuating abuses. The international community should remain fully engaged in human rights issues, through continued monitoring, advocacy and other means, and by providing necessary support to the Government and other stakeholders for further democratic reforms in line with international human rights standards.
96. It is vital that all actors work together to ensure that human rights are respected and protected across Myanmar.....
VII. Recommendations:...
Yanghee Lee
Source/publisher:
United Nations General Assembly (A-71-361)
Date of publication:
2016-08-29
Date of entry/update:
2016-10-31
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Reports to the GA by the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar (English)
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
431.74 KB
Local URL:
UNGA-2015-71-SRM-report-en.pdf
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Description/subject:
"With unique access and information
from the ground, the Lahu National
Development Organisation (LNDO)
examines in this report how the
Burma Army benefi ts directly from
the drug trade in eastern Shan State.
The
findings show how conflict
and drug production in Burma are
inextricably linked, and that only a
political resolution of the decades-
long ethnic conflict will enable
Burma?s drug crisis to be addressed.
Despite ceasefires, the central
government?s refusal to cede to
ethnic demands for federalism has
caused a steady military build-up by
both the Burma Army and ethnic
armed groups in eastern Shan
State. Over the past ten years, the
number of Burma Army troops
in seven eastern Shan townships
has risen from over 10,000 to over
14,000. Significantly for the drug
trade, this includes a substantial
increase in the number of Burma
Army militia troops—from about
2,300 to 3,400—who serve the vital
purpose of maintaining central
government control over inaccessible
mountainous areas.
The Burma Army militia-controlled
areas are where most opium in
eastern Shan State is being grown,
as shown by maps of the United
Nations Offce of Drugs and Crime
(UNODC). These areas are also
where scores of drug refineries that
produce large amounts of heroin
and methamphetamines (?yaba”)
are located.
The Burma Army militia groups
provide security to the drug
syndicates operating the refineries.
In the process they make huge
profits from buying opium from
farmers and selling it to refinery
owners, from joint investments in
refineries, and from transporting
drugs to distributors. These profits
not only subsidize the upkeep of
the militia forces, but enable militia
leaders to gain substantial personal
wealth. This is a key incentive to
remain loyal to the Burma Army,
and to continue their policing duty
against ethnic resistance groups..."
Source/publisher:
Lahu National Development Organisation (LNDO)
Date of publication:
2016-10-27
Date of entry/update:
2016-10-28
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English, Burmese (မြန်မာဘာသာ)
Local URL:
more
Description/subject:
About us:
"The Lahu National Development Organisation (LNDO) was set up by a group of leading Lahu democracy activists in Chiang Mai, Thailand in March 1997 to promote the welfare and well-being of the Lahu people, including the promotion of alternatives to growing opium.
The objectives of LNDO are:
To promote democracy and human rights in Shan State, with particular attention paid to Lahu
To promote increased understanding among the Lahu, Akha, Wa, En, Kachin, Palaung and Shan of human rights, democracy, federalism, community development and health issues
To develop unity and cooperation among the Lahu and other highlanders from Shan State and to provide opportunities for development of civic leadership skills among local groups"
Source/publisher:
Lahu National Development Organisation
Date of publication:
2016-10-27
Date of entry/update:
2016-10-28
Type:
Websites/Multiple Documents
Category:
Lahu (cultural, political)
Language:
English, Burmese (မြန်မာဘာသာ)
Local URL:
more
Description/subject:
Key Points:
• Myanmar has serious drug use problems, largely related to unsafe practices such as
needle sharing by injecting heroin users. The country?s current approach to addressing
drug-related problems focuses on repression, mainly by arresting and incarcerating drug
users. This paper analyses the impact of drug law enforcement practices on drug users
in Myanmar. It shows the failure of the current drug law enforcement system, with drug
users and their families as the principal victims.
•
The criminalisation of drug use and possession for personal use is heavily impacting the
lives of drug users and their families. It is cause for stigmatisation by the community they
live in; it increases risky drug use behaviour, and is the basis for police harassment and
corruption.
•
The vast majority of arrests made as a result of drug laws concern drug users and small
dealer/users. Prisons are overcrowded with drug users sentenced to excessively long jail
terms. Prisons and labour camps lack appropriate health care and do not provide for the
basic needs of inmates. Very few large-scale traffickers are targeted for arrest or have
been put in prison.
•
Female drug users, in particular, have received very little support to face their problems.
Often abandoned by their families and communities, female drug users are in need of
services targeting their specific needs.
•
Instead of a repressive approach, voluntary and evidence-based treatment and public
health services, including harm reduction, should be made available to people who
use drugs. Harassment by enforcement officials and corruption in the justice system
should be addressed. A harm reduction approach needs to become generally accepted
by enforcement officials and by the community at large. Myanmar?s drug laws should
be reformed to address these issues, and support drug users and other marginalised
communities affected by drugs instead of punishing them.
Ernestien Jensema, Nang Pann Ei Kham
Source/publisher:
Transnational Institute (TNI)
Date of publication:
2016-08-31
Date of entry/update:
2016-10-20
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
Local URL:
more
Description/subject:
"...Myanmar?s future could still be bright. But as military offensives continue, it is vital to recognise that the recourse to armed tactics is not just a Kachin issue but a national issue as well. If there is a reversion to military rule, it might not make much difference for the Kachins who have been living under this reality for many decades, but it must give real cause for concern to everyone who supports democracy. Political solutions will never be achieved on the battlefield. Under such a scenario, there will be no winners but just losers. Military-first tactics will never end, and the present political landscape will not mark a step in transition towards peace and democratic change. Rather, the country will remain enmeshed in the unending cycles of conflict, ceasefires and broken promises that underpin state failure and national under-achievement.
The task of finding peaceful solutions thus falls to us all: political parties, ethnic armed organisations, community and civil society groups, media, faith-based groups, individual activists for peace, and coalitions of interest groups. It is time to say that ?enough is enough” to military offensives. At a time of critical national change, the attitude of waiting until armed conflict is over to settle things will not work.
Popular momentum is building. What is now needed is to forge a national movement in the same way as the ?Save the Irrawaddy” campaign that halted the construction of the Myitsone Dam under the Thein Sein government. People of all ethnic, political, religious and geographical backgrounds need to come together in one voice to stop the war before it is too late...."
Lahpai Seng Raw
Source/publisher:
Transnational Institute (TNI)
Date of publication:
2016-10-19
Date of entry/update:
2016-10-20
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Peace processes, ceasefires and ceasefire talks (websites, documents, reports and studies), Armed conflict in Kachin State - general articles, TNI-BCN Project on Ethnic Conflict in Burma
Language:
English
Local URL:
more
Description/subject:
The Emergency Provisions Act was repealed on 4 October 2016
Source/publisher:
"The Global New Light of Myanmar", 5 October 2016
Date of publication:
2016-10-05
Date of entry/update:
2016-10-19
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Martial law decrees, States of Emergency etc. (commentary), Martial law decrees, States of Emergency etc. (texts)
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
286.87 KB
Local URL:
2016-10-05-EPA-repeal.pdf
2016-10-05-EPA-repeal.pdf more
Description/subject:
"In the volatile and fragile context of Myanmar?s nascent democratic reform, investment protection treaties must not be allowed to negatively affect processes that would make Myanmar more peaceful and democratic...Following a reform process initiated by the previous military-backed government of President Thein Sein, there has been great interest among international governments and the business sector to promote foreign investment and trade with Myanmar. This momentum has been furthered by the subsequent endorsement by the country?s democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi for the West to drop most of its economic sanctions. In order to facilitate this relationship, Western and Asian governments have pushed Myanmar to sign so-called ?investment protection treaties”. While the Myanmar military government had signed investment protection treaties with China and India, since 2013 new treaties were signed with Japan and South Korea. Currently, now led by Aung San Suu Kyi?s National League for Democracy, the Myanmar government is negotiating an investment protection agreement (IPA) with the European Union (EU). There is also an investment protection clause in the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). This is a proposed Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between the ASEAN member states and Australia, China, India, Japan, South Korea and New Zealand.
While the benefits of signing investment protection agreements are highly overstated, the risks are seriously underestimated, and they could have major negative impacts on democratic development and sustainable peace in Myanmar. When signing these treaties, governments give away their sovereign right to regulate in the interest of the people and the environment, and they expose themselves to expensive lawsuits. The incentives offered to foreign investors come at a high price, depriving countries like Myanmar of the necessary policy space to harness investment to serve sustainable development and peace. Under the provisions of the investment protection agreements, foreign investors can challenge almost any government intervention if they consider that it will affect its current or future profits..."
Pietje Vervest
Source/publisher:
Transnational Institute (TNI)
Date of publication:
2016-10-17
Date of entry/update:
2016-10-18
Type:
Individual Documents
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English
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Title: THE TWO POLES OF DESTRUCTION - FROM NUOZHADU TO DON SAHONG - THE MEKONG IN THE CLAWS OF DEATH
Description/subject:
"THE CHAIN-REACTION IMPACTS FROM THE DAMS:
With the passing of time, the cumulative and irreversible chain-reaction
impacts coming from the occluding rivers as well as the 26 mainstream
dams (14 dams in the Mekong Cascades in Yunnan and 12 in the Lower
Mekong) on the more than 4,800 kilometer-long Mekong include:
1/ Changes in the natural state of the river prevent its current from
maintaining its seasonal ?flood pulse” which is of vital importance to the
Tonle Sap Lake, the heart that regulates the eco-system of the Mekong River
and the Mekong Delta.
2/ Changes in the current?s flow will result in a reduction in the wetland
areas and destruction of the vital habitat required by the fish species of the
Mekong that in turn will adversely affect the fish source and food security.
3/ The altered current threatens the diversity of the fish population including
flagship species that serve as a gauge of the wellbeing of the Mekong?s
ecosystem like the Irrawaddy Dolphins and Pla Beuks that are facing the risk
of extinction.
2
4/ The forests along with the wetlands of the Lower Mekong are classified as
key biodiversity zones therefore protected by the Ramsar Convention. The
dams will cause the wetlands to be submerged and impact the fauna and
flora of the entire basin.
5/ Agricultural production will be adversely affected on account of the
submerged lands. In addition, alluvia retained in the dam reservoirs
upstream will deprive the fields along the riverbanks especially those in
Cambodia?s Tonle Sap Basin and Vietnam?s Mekong Delta of their essential
nutrients like phosphate and nitrogen.
6/ Reduction in the quantity of alluvia leads to imbalances in the current
flow and cave-ins of riverbanks. Meanwhile the Cape Cà Mau is being
continuously eroded and its seacoasts receding inland. The reservoirs bring
about a weaker current flow and climate change results in a rise in the
seawater level: the end result is an ever worsening and encroaching
salinization in the basin. No rice species or orchards can survive in fields
covered by sea salt.
NGÔ THẾ VINH
Source/publisher:
Nguoi Viet
Date of publication:
2014-09-20
Date of entry/update:
2016-10-18
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
276.88 KB
Local URL:
VEF-THE_TWO_POLES_OF_DESTRUCTION.pdf
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Description/subject:
"Resolution adopted by the General Assembly
[without reference to a Main Committee (A/61/L.67 and Add.1)]
61/295.
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of
Indigenous Peoples:
The General Assembly,
Taking note
of the recommendation of the Human Rights Coun-
cil contained in its resolution 1/2 of 29 June 2006,
1
by which the
Council adopted the text of the United Nations Declaration on the
Rights of Indigenous Peoples,
Recalling
its resolution 61/178 of 20 December 2006, by which
it decided to defer consideration of and action on the Declaration
to allow time for further consultations thereon, and also decided to
conclude its consideration before the end of the sixty-first session of
the General Assembly,
Adopts
the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous
Peoples as contained in the annex to the present resolution.
107th plenary meeting
13 September 2007 ..."
Source/publisher:
United Nations
Date of publication:
2007-09-13
Date of entry/update:
2016-10-14
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
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Description/subject:
Resolution adopted by the General Assembly
[Adopted on a Report from the Sixth Committee (A/8082)]
2625 (XXV). Declaration on Principles of International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Co-operation among States in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations...
Source/publisher:
United Nations (A/RES/25/2625)
Date of publication:
1970-10-24
Date of entry/update:
2016-10-14
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
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Description/subject:
It is likely that both these versions are unofficial. Each version has strengths and weaknesses of grammar and logic. "Associations" or Organisations" - the translations vary. (If anyone knows of an official version, please let me know - DA).
Source/publisher:
Pyidaungsu Hluttaw
Date of publication:
2014-07-18
Date of entry/update:
2016-10-14
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
Format :
pdf pdf
Size:
268.23 KB 257.69 KB
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Description/subject:
This compilation does not contain the amendments of 28 March 2016
Source/publisher:
Myanmar Ministry of Home Affairs
Date of publication:
2015-06-05
Date of entry/update:
2016-10-14
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Laws, decrees, bills and regulations relating to association and assembly (texts), Pyidaungsu Hluttaw: Laws and bylaws/rules/regulations proposed (bills) and/or adopted in 2015, Burma/Myanmar laws, decrees and regulations (Pyidaungsu Hluttaw), 2015
Language:
Burmese (မြန်မာဘာသာ)
Format :
pdf
Size:
818.11 KB
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Description/subject:
The Myanmar National Human Rights Commission Law
The Pyidaungsu Hluttaw Law No. 21/2014 -
The 13th
Waning of Tabaung 1375 M.E. (28 March 2014)
Source/publisher:
"The Global New Light of Myanmar", 21 June 2014
Date of publication:
2014-03-28
Date of entry/update:
2016-10-14
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
220.76 KB
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Description/subject:
"The Burmese government?s peace parley, dubbed ?the 21st Century Panglong”, in Naypyidaw at the end of August was hardly over before the Tatmadaw went on the offensive again.
Fierce fighting has been reported from Kachin State and northern Shan State. In Karen State, clashes have erupted between different local armed groups and in eastern Shan State, the powerful United Wa State Army (UWSA) has moved against what was considered a close ally, the National Democratic Alliance Army (Eastern Shan State) (NDAA[ESS]), also known as the ?Mongla Group,” and took over several of its positions.
?It is not a peace process,” one observer said. ?It?s a conflict process”.
The ultimate irony is that Burma has seen its heaviest fighting in decades, since the Thein Sein government came to power in March 2011 and launched its so-called ?peace process.” Most of the fighting has occurred in Kachin and northern Shan states, with sporadic clashes in Arakan and Karen states. Burma?s civil war has not been this intense since the Tatmadaw launched offensives against ethnic Karen and communist forces in the late 1980s.
The conflict never seems to end despite, or perhaps because of, the activities of foreign ?peacemakers.” A popular practice has been to invite representatives of the Tatmadaw and of ethnic armed groups on study tours to other conflict areas across the world, including Northern Ireland, Colombia and South Africa. The main player behind those trips is a UK-based outfit called Intermediate, founded and led by Jonathan Powell, who served as then Prime Minister Tony Blair?s chief of staff from 1997-2007..."
Bertil Lintner
Source/publisher:
"The Irrawaddy"
Date of publication:
2016-10-11
Date of entry/update:
2016-10-12
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Armed conflict and peace-building in Burma - theoretical, strategic and general, Peace processes, ceasefires and ceasefire talks (websites, documents, reports and studies)
Language:
English
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Description/subject:
"Large coordinated attacks hit three Myanmar border police posts in the troubled Rakhine State on 9 October. In this Q&A, Crisis Group Myanmar Adviser Richard Horsey warns that it could tip simmering tensions between the beleaguered Rohingya Muslim minority and the government into wider, open conflict... At least 250 assailants, and perhaps as many as 500-800, launched simultaneous early morning attacks on 9 October on three border police posts in Maungdaw and Rathedaung townships near Myanmar?s north-western border with Bangladesh, according to information released by the government. They were armed mostly with knives and slingshots, as well as about 30 firearms. Nine police officers were killed and the attackers fled with at least 50 guns and 10,000 rounds of ammunition. In subsequent days there have been further deadly clashes between this group and the security forces.
The attacks were carried out by Muslims, according to both government statements and local sources. An unverified video of the attackers, filmed in the wake of the attacks, has been circulating on social networks and seems legitimate. In it, one of the group calls on ?all Rohingya around the world to prepare for jihad and join them”. This, the need for local knowledge to carry out the assaults, and the difficulty of moving large numbers of people around this area are all suggestive of local Muslim involvement ? possibly organised with some outside support. However, many details of who exactly organised this and how remain unclear.
The attacks mark a major escalation of violence in Rakhine. The number of attackers and their sophisticated tactics ? they used a diversionary attack to draw the defenders out of one of the posts before the main assault began ? display an unprecedented level of planning in a conflict that has to date seen little sign of organised violent resistance from the oppressed Muslim population..."
Richard Horsey
Source/publisher:
International Crisis Group (ICG)
Date of publication:
2016-10-12
Date of entry/update:
2016-10-12
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Armed conflict in Rakhine (Arakan) State, Inter-Communal violence and discrimination - Myanmar - international comment
Language:
English
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Description/subject:
Unicode...
Articles...
How To...
Projects...
Notes...
Downloads...
Unicode Sites...
The Great Migration...
About...
Contact...
RSS.
Source/publisher:
Myanmar Languaqe
Date of entry/update:
2016-10-04
Type:
Websites/Multiple Documents
Category:
Fonts
Language:
English, Burmese (မြန်မာဘာသာ)
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Description/subject:
The Generals and Aung San Suu Kyi...New Government Moves Cautiously on Economic Reform...Building a New Peace Architecture...Rebuilding the Neglected Health Care System...Addressing Communal Conflict in Rakhine...Myanmar and the United States...Next Steps in U.S. Policy toward Myanmar.....
"Five months after Aung San Suu Kyi and her National League for Democracy (NLD) swept to
power in Myanmar in April following their stunning landslide victory in the November 2015
national elections, the new government is still very much in transition. Although the military
that ran the country for 50 years did its best not to turn over the top slot to Aung San Suu Kyi,
the country?s leading generals appear to be trying to prove they can play ball with the new
largely civilian government.
It will now be up to Aung San Suu Kyi to push forward the reforms that former president
Thein Sein launched in 2011. The Myanmar she is leading today is a better place than it was
six years ago when the military freed her from house arrest, launched peace talks with ethnic
armed groups, and mounted tentative economic reforms. It is a much freer country that has
expanded its foreign ties far beyond its one
-time patron China, which the military junta
heavily depended on for investment and military equipment. The Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) between May 29 and June 4
organized a delegation to Myanmar to evaluate the country?s political and economic
transition, the peace process with the country?s ethnic armed groups, the situation of
Muslims in Rakhine State, the health care system, and role of the United States in supporting
reform and development. CSIS?s Southeast Asia Program and the Global Health Policy Center
jointly organized the trip, which included several senior congressional staff.
The delegation visited Yangon, Naypyitaw, and Rakhine State, and met with senior Union
government officials, parliamentarians, Rakhine State officials, internally displaced persons in
camps near Sittwe, U.S. Embassy officials, international organizations, nongovernmental
organizations, business representatives, journali
sts, and scholars and activists. This report is a
summary of the group?s observations and findings.
It was obvious to the group that the new government still faces daunting tasks on the road to
democracy and its success is by no means assured. One of its
biggest challenges is trying to hammer out a peace deal with the country?s roughly two
-dozen ethnic armed groups that
have fought the central government since the 1950s.
Another challenge is achieving harmony between the country?s majority Buddhists and
minority Muslims, particularly in Rakhine State, and forging a nation from a patchwork of
different ethnic and religious groups that never worked together before. The country?s
majority Burman population is highly enthusiastic that Aung San Suu Kyi has assumed power,
and most ordinary Burmans seem convinced that she can somehow magically fix the
country?s longstanding challenges. Meanwhile, many among the ethnic minorities, who make
up roughly a third of the population, are concerned that their grievances and interests will
continue to be neglected under the new government.
A third task is promoting inclusive economic growth in a country where most of the wealth
was long controlled by a small military
-backed elite and the infrastructure is woefully
dilapidated and overextended. A fourth is reducing the outsized role of the military in
controlling the government and the economy.
Aung San Suu Kyi and her party are wildly popular, but because they have never run a
government before, they are still figuring out
how to craft and implement policies. All
decisions seem to go to Aung San Suu Kyi, who assumed the newly created position of state
counselor because her route to the presidency was blocked by the military
-drafted 2008
constitution, which bars individuals with foreign family ties from the highest office. So far the
newly minted leader tends to be a bit of a micromanager and not a great consulter, resulting
in considerable gridlock across various government agencies. She also acts as her own
spokesperson, which means the new government has been slow in effectively
communicating and marketing its policies..."
Murray Hiebert, Audrey Jackson, Phuong Nguyen
Source/publisher:
CSIS SOUTHEAST ASIA PROGRAM and CSIS GLOBAL HEALTH POLICY CENTER
Date of publication:
2016-09-26
Date of entry/update:
2016-09-30
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Dialogue/reform/transition after the NLD election victory, USA-Burma relations, General studies and surveys on health in Burma
Language:
English
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Description/subject:
"Activists yesterday released a 30-minute documentary as part of a campaign against a mega-dam in central Shan State.
The documentary, called Drowning a Thousand Islands, includes local people from the remote Kunhing area voicing their concerns that the proposed Mong Ton hydropower project will irrevocably damage the Salween River.
Last month, the government announced they would continue with hydropower projects along the Salween, sparking fierce opposition from Shan political parties and armed groups.
?We need to preserve the Pang River, a hidden gem of the Salween. This tributary is home to unique aquatic ecosystems. The Mong Ton project will destroy this wonderful natural heritage area,” said Sai Khur Hseng, an environmental activist.
According to Action for Shan State Rivers, the film took six months to make.
The Kunhing area of central Shan has been off-limits for years due to ethnic conflicts. From 1996-1998, the Tatmadaw engaged in a scorched earth campaign in the region, displacing over 300,000 people in central Shan and killing hundreds in Kunhing..."
Source/publisher:
"Myanmar Times"
Date of publication:
2016-09-29
Date of entry/update:
2016-09-30
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
Local URL:
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