International Criminal Court

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Title: International Criminal Court (website)
Description: The International Criminal Court (ICC) investigates and, where warranted, tries individuals charged with the gravest crimes of concern to the international community: genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity and the crime of aggression. The Court is participating in a global fight to end impunity, and through international criminal justice, the Court aims to hold those responsible accountable for their crimes and to help prevent these crimes from happening again. The Court cannot reach these goals alone. As a court of last resort, it seeks to complement, not replace, national Courts. Governed by an international treaty called the Rome Statute, the ICC is the world?s first permanent international criminal court."
Source/publisher: International Criminal Court
Date of entry/update: 2018-06-24
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Title: The Rome Statute
Description: "The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (often referred to as the International Criminal Court Statute or the Rome Statute) is the treaty that established the International Criminal Court (ICC). It was adopted at a diplomatic conference in Rome on 17 July 1998 and it entered into force on 1 July 2002. As of October 2017, 123 states are party to the statute.Among other things, the statute establishes the court?s functions, jurisdiction and structure. The Rome Statute established four core international crimes: genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression. Those crimes "shall not be subject to any statute of limitations". Under the Rome Statute, the ICC can only investigate and prosecute the four core international crimes in situations where states are "unable" or "unwilling" to do so themselves. The court has jurisdiction over crimes only if they are committed in the territory of a state party or if they are committed by a national of a state party; an exception to this rule is that the ICC may also have jurisdiction over crimes if its jurisdiction is authorized by the United Nations Security Council."
Source/publisher: Wikipedia
Date of entry/update: 2017-11-06
Grouping: Websites/Multiple Documents
Language: English
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Title: China, Russia under pressure from Myanmar Rohingya genocide ruling, Bob Rae says
Description: "China and Russia face pressure to prevent genocide in Myanmar after Thursday’s decision by an international court called on the South Asian country to stop the killing, says Canada’s special envoy to the crisis. The unanimous decision by the International Court of Justice is a strong signal to Russia and China, which have blocked the United Nations Security Council from referring the violence to the International Criminal Court, said Bob Rae, who the Liberal government tapped to take part in diplomatic efforts to address the deadly crisis. Rae and Foreign Affairs Minister François-Philippe Champagne both urged Myanmar to fully comply with the ruling from The Hague-based court, which demanded it protect its minority Muslim Rohingya population from genocide. Champagne said Canada will work with its allies to keep the pressure on Myanmar. The 17 judges on the panel called on Myanmar to do everything in its power to stop what it said was a genocide against the Rohingya. The court flatly rejected Myanmar’s plea — put forth by the country’s civilian leader Aung San Suu Kyi — that the case be thrown out. Suu Kyi, a one-time icon of peace who has since been stripped of her honorary Canadian citizenship, denied there was a genocide..."
Source/publisher: "Toronto Star" ( Toronto)
Date of entry/update: 2020-01-24
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Title: Myanmar may have ‘state policy’ to attack Rohingyas
Description: "Judges of the International Criminal Court (ICC) fear that Myanmar may have a “state policy” to attack the Rohingya population in Rakhine state, said ICC Prosecutor Fatou Bensouda on Friday. “The judges accepted that there is a reasonable basis to believe that there may have been a state policy [in Myanmar] to attack the Rohingya population,” she said. The made the statement following ICC’s approval to commence an investigation into crimes committed against Rohingyas. As per the judges’ observation, the prosecutor said there were many sources indicating heavy involvement of several Myanmar government forces and other state agents along with members of Myanmar armed forces [Tatmadaw] in the crimes committed against humanity on the land. “These coercive acts could qualify as the crimes against humanity of deportation and persecution on grounds of ethnicity and/or religion against the Rohingya population,” the prosecutor said. Saying that the judges authorised the investigation with broad parameters, Bensouda termed it as a “significant development against atrocity in Myanmar”. On November 14, the ICC judges of Pre-Trial Chamber III authorised the prosecutor office to commence an investigation into the “situation in Bangladesh/Myanmar”..."
Source/publisher: "The Daily Star" (Bangladesh)
Date of entry/update: 2019-11-25
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Title: The Law And Policy Reforms Myanmar Needs To Combat Intolerance And Discrimination Based On Religion Or Belief
Description: "The recent atrocities perpetrated against Rohingya Muslims in Myanmar (and against other religious minorities in Myanmar) require investigation and the prosecution of those responsible. The atrocities have included the forcible deportation of over 700,000 people from Myanmar to Bangladesh “through a range of coercive acts and that great suffering or serious injury has been inflicted on the Rohingya through violating their right of return to their state of origin.” The International Criminal Court (ICC) is already looking into the atrocities after on November 14, 2019, Pre-Trial Chamber III authorized the Prosecutor to proceed with an investigation. The court has recognized its jurisdiction to consider the situation despite the fact that Myanmar is not a party to the Rome Statute. Similarly, the International Court of Justice (the ICJ) will be considering the atrocities perpetrated in Myanmar, after the Gambia initiated proceedings against Myanmar. Yet, it will take many years before some of those responsible for the atrocities face justice. However, the long pursuit of justice should not distract us from advocating that other steps be taken to ensure that the minorities that were targeted by the recent atrocities are safe in Myanmar and can re-establish their lives..."
Source/publisher: "Forbes" (USA)
Date of entry/update: 2019-11-24
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Title: Suu Kyi to defend Myanmar against genocide accusation at UN court
Sub-title: Buddhist-majority Myanmar is accused of genocide against Rohingya in a 2017 crackdown by the country's military.
Description: "Myanmar's leader and Nobel Peace laureate Aung San Suu Kyi will head a delegation to the United Nations' top court to argue against a case accusing the mainly Buddhist country of genocide against the Rohingya, the government said. More than 730,000 Rohingya, most of them Muslims, fled to neighbouring Bangladesh following a 2017 crackdown by Myanmar's military, which UN investigators said was carried out with "genocidal intent". More: Rohingya crisis through the eyes of Al Jazeera's journalists Lawsuit: Aung San Suu Kyi 'committed crimes' against Rohingya Gambia files Rohingya genocide case against Myanmar at UN court The Buddhist-majority country has repeatedly justified the crackdown on the Rohingya as necessary to stamp out fighters. It also insists its own committees are adequate to investigate allegations of abuse..."
Source/publisher: "Al Jazeera" (Qatar)
Date of entry/update: 2019-11-21
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Title: Experts: Dhaka needs to utilize growing global pressure on Myanmar
Sub-title: There should be negotiations with other countries, and it will be easier for Bangladesh to talk about the issue, Prof Imtiaz Ahmed said
Description: "Foreign affairs analysts have said Bangladesh needs to utilize the growing global pressure on Myanmar until a solution to the Rohingya crisis is found. The pressure is not only building on Myanmar, rather it is a pressure for Myanmar’s friends too who kept mum amidst questions of why other countries cannot do the same as Gambia and Argentina, one of the foreign affairs analysts said. “The pressure on Myanmar should be there until there is a solution. I think it will not be wise for us to give up until a solution is found. We should not stop here,” Prof Imtiaz Ahmed of Dhaka University’s (DU) International Relations department said, reports UNB. There should be negotiations with other countries, and it will be easier for Bangladesh to talk about the issue, he added. Prof Imtiaz said, there are already questions around why the European Union (EU), Canada, France or other countries cannot do the same on the legal front as they talk much about human rights..."
Source/publisher: "Dhaka Tribune" (Bangladesh)
Date of entry/update: 2019-11-18
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Title: Just suing and putting international pressure on Myanmar can’t settle the problem
Description: "Just taking legal action against Myanmar and putting global pressure on Myanmar as to the repatriation process of the displaced persons who fled to Bangladesh from Myanmar can’t settle the on-going issue. Bangladesh should follow the repatriation process agreed by both sides, said Zaw Htay, the spokesperson of the President Office. “The international community is putting pressure on Myanmar regarding the repatriation process. The ICC is suing Myanmar. The complex issue remains in Bangladesh. Bangladesh should use the problem-solving approach. The problem can’t be settled by suing Myanmar. We will have to negotiate the problem with Bangladesh. Especially, Bangladesh should follow the repatriation process and cooperate with Myanmar according to the bilateral agreement. Our problem will still remain as long as Bangladesh doesn’t cooperate. Bangladesh needs to understand this point,” said Zaw Htay. There were those who fled to Bangladesh from Myanmar in 1993. Collaborative efforts resulted in a success in the repatriation process. Cooperative measures are of great importance. The repatriation process remained deadlock as Bangladesh failed to cooperate. Only with the collaborative efforts can settle the problem, said Zaw Htay. “Bangladesh and Myanmar carried out the repatriation process two times in the past. According to this knowledge, mutual cooperation can solve the problem and these were examples. Both sides have physical arrangements to implement the agreed points. Working groups have been already formed. The root cause of the unsuccessful repatriation process is that Bangladesh fails to cooperation and this is a point,” said Zaw Htay..."
Source/publisher: "Eleven Media Group" (Myanmar)
Date of entry/update: 2019-11-18
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Title: Myanmar rejects ICC probe into alleged crimes against Rohingya
Sub-title: ICC investigation into alleged crimes against Rohingya 'not in accordance with international law', says government.
Description: "Myanmar has rejected an International Criminal Court (ICC) investigation into alleged crimes against the Rohingya, as its faces mounting global legal pressure over its treatment of the minority ethnic group. The Hague-based court on Thursday approved a full probe into Myanmar's bloody 2017 military crackdown against the mostly-Muslim group - a move welcomed by the rights groups. "The investigation over Myanmar by the ICC is not in accordance with international law," government spokesman Zaw Htay said at a news conference on Friday. More: UN chief 'deeply concerned' over Rohingya crisis ICC approves probe into Myanmar's alleged crimes against Rohingya What will happen to the Rohingya people? Zaw Htay repeated that Myanmar's own committees would investigate any abuses and ensure accountability if needed. A brutal army campaign in August 2017 forced more than 740,000 Rohingya to flee Myanmar's Rakhine State, most seeking refuge in overcrowded camps across the border in Bangladesh..."
Source/publisher: "Al Jazeera" (Qatar)
Date of entry/update: 2019-11-16
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Title: Stop Myanmar
Description: "At long last international arrest warrants may be headed the way of Myanmar’s top military and political leaders, including the country’s de facto prime minister, Aung San Suu Kyi, for crimes against Rohingya Muslims. Neither the Nobel peace prize nor her Oxford PPE (politics, philosophy and economics) degree will be able to save the state counsellor if the Argentinian court, where the lawsuit was filed on Wednesday by human rights groups, has its way. Argentina — whose law allows its court to exercise universal jurisdiction — has in the past heard cases involving Spanish dictator Francisco Franco and the Falun Gong movement in China. Earlier on Monday, Gambia filed a genocide case against Myanmar at the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in The Hague. Unlike the Argentinian case, the Gambian genocide case filed at ICJ is a novelty. At best, it might end up being a verdict on how badly the world is tackling genocide and other crimes against humanity. Gambia and other Organisation of Islamic Cooperation countries that filed the case, citing the little-used 1948 Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, just want to pass the message to the world how miserably the United Nations and its courts — especially the International Criminal Court (ICC) — have failed humanity. Take the case of the UN. The Rwandan genocide is a good place to start. There, in one estimate, between 800,000 and one million Tutsis and Hutus were killed under the watch of UN peacekeepers. It was an abject failure for the world body.But slow learning UN remains a slow learner..."
Source/publisher: "New Straits Times" (Malaysia)
Date of entry/update: 2019-11-16
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Title: ICC approves probe into Myanmar's alleged crimes against Rohingya
Sub-title: Judges approve request to investigate alleged crimes against humanity over Myanmar's crackdown against ethnic group.
Description: "The International Criminal Court (ICC) has approved a full investigation into Myanmar's alleged crimes against the Rohingya, as the Southeast Asian nation faces mounting legal pressure worldwide over the treatment of the minority ethnic group. ICC judges on Thursday backed a prosecution request to investigate allegations of crimes against humanity and persecution over Myanmar's bloody 2017 military crackdown against the majority-Muslim group. The ICC's decision came after Aung San Suu Kyi, Myanmar's de-facto civilian leader, was named in an Argentine lawsuit over crimes against the Rohingya and Myanmar faced a separate genocide lawsuit at the United Nations's top court. More than 740,000 Rohingya were forced to flee over the border into sprawling camps in Bangladesh, in violence that the UN investigators said amounted to genocide..."
Source/publisher: "Al Jazeera" (Qatar)
Date of entry/update: 2019-11-15
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Title: ROHINGYA CRISIS ONE YEAR ON: BUSINESS AS USUAL FOR EU
Description: "When Min Aung Hlaing, head of the Burmese military, launched his military offensive against Rohingya civilians in August 2017, there was international outrage. One year on, the European Union (EU) has yet to implement a single practical sanction or other action to hold Min Aung Hlaing to account for his crimes. In a submission to the British Parliament?s Foreign Affairs Committee, Burma Campaign UK detailed the role the EU played in enabling the crisis, amounting to complicity. By consistently backing down over the rights of the Rohingya since 2012, the EU sent a signal to the military that it considered the Rohingya expendable and would not act on abuses against them. It was a green light to Min Aung Hlaing. Despite what the United Nations describes as ethnic cleansing and possible genocide, one year on, the EU approach to the Burmese government and military remains barely changed..."
Source/publisher: Burma Campaign UK
Date of publication: 2018-08-20
Date of entry/update: 2018-08-22
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