Librarian's Choice
Librarian's Choice
Source/publisher:
UNDP (distr.)
Date of publication:
2010-11-14
Description:
"...We shall proceed in consultation with democratic entities and the NLD shall not go it
alone but hand in hand with majority. Furthermore, the majority must be encompassed by
the people. We cannot do it without the people and we ask for their assistance. I ask for
your faith and support (cheering). So keep up your strength. I feel bad to ask you to eat
up (to keep up your strength) since I hear that you do not have enough to eat (laughter). I
ask you to keep up your physical and mental strength. It is with this strength we shall
work together to reach our goal. I would have to say that there are some of us who have
lost sight of that goal. But to have to walk the path to reach this proper goal is priceless.
Man is mortal. One day it will all be over, but before it is over, how one has led one?s life
is the most important..."
Daw Aung San Suu Kyi
Date of entry/update:
2010-11-16
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
40.26 KB
Local URL:
DASSK-NLDHQ_speech-2010-11-14.pdf
DASSK-NLDHQ_speech-2010-11-14.pdf more
Source/publisher:
Transnational InstituteDrug (Policy Briefing No. 33)
Date of publication:
2010-11-00
Description:
Conclusions & Recommendations:
• The huge increase in Chinese agricultural
concessions in Burma and Laos is driven by
China?s opium crop substitution programme,
offering subsidies and tax waivers
for Chinese companies.
• China?s focus is on integrating the local
economy of the border regions of Burma and
Laos into the regional market through bilateral
relations with government and military
authorities across the border.
• In Burma large-scale rubber concessions is
the only method operating. Initially informal
smallholder arrangements were the dominant
form of cultivation in Laos, but the topdown
coercive model is gaining prevalence.
• The poorest of the poor, including many
(ex-) poppy farmers, benefit least from these
investments. They are losing access to land
and forest, being forcibly relocated to the
lowlands, left with few viable options for
survival.
• New forms of conflict are arising from
Chinese large-scale investments abroad. Related
land dispossession has wide implications
on drug production and trade, as well
as border stability.
• Investments related to opium substitution
plans should be carried out in a more sustainable,
transparent, accountable and equitable
fashion with a community-based approach.
They should respect traditional land
rights and communities? customs.
Rob Cramb, Vongpaphane Manivong, Jonathan Newby, Kem Sothorn, Patrick Sujang
Date of entry/update:
2010-11-15
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Drug bans and poppy crop substitution, Burma: opium and heroin, Contract farming, Contract farming
Language:
English
more
Source/publisher:
United Nations General Assembly (A/65/367)
Date of publication:
2010-09-14
Date of entry/update:
2010-11-15
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English (Full text also available in Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian and Spanish)
Format :
pdf pdf
Size:
84.04 KB 85.7 KB
Local URL:
SGrep-GA2010-elections.pdf, SGrep-A-65-367(en).pdf
SGrep-GA2010-elections.pdf, SGrep-A-65-367(en).pdf more
Source/publisher:
UN General Assembly (A/65/368),
Date of publication:
2010-09-15
Date of entry/update:
2010-11-15
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English (Full text also available in Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian and Spanish)
Format :
pdf pdf
Size:
95.4 KB 172.49 KB
more
Source/publisher:
National AIDS Programme
Date of publication:
2010-11-00
Description:
OVERVIEW OF STRATEGIC DIRECTIONS:
Table 1: Priority setting of the National Strategic Plan on AIDS – Myanmar 2006‐2010 -
Priority Strategic Directions - Highest priority:
1. Reducing HIV‐related risk, vulnerability and impact
among sex workers and their clients;
2. Reducing HIV‐related risk, vulnerability and impact
among men who have sex with men;
3. Reducing HIV‐related risk, vulnerability and impact
among drug users;
4. Reducing HIV‐related risk, vulnerability and impact
among partners and families of people living with HIV... High priority:
5. Reducing HIV‐related risk, vulnerability and impact
among institutionalized populations;
6. Reducing HIV‐related risk, vulnerability and impact
among mobile populations;
7. Reducing HIV‐related risk, vulnerability and impact
among uniformed services personnel;
8. Reducing HIV‐related risk, vulnerability and impact
among young people...Priority:
9. Enhancing prevention, care, treatment and support in the
workplace...
10. Enhancing HIV prevention among men and women of
reproductive age...Fundamental
overarching issues:
11. Meeting the needs of people living with HIV for
comprehensive care, support and treatment
12. Enhancing the capacity of health systems, coordination
and capacity of local NGOs & community based
organizations
13. Monitoring and Evaluating
Date of entry/update:
2010-11-13
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
HIV/AIDS - Burma/Myanmar
Language:
English
Format :
pdf pdf pdf pdf
Size:
2.81 MB 1.03 MB 352.85 KB 1.3 MB
more
Source/publisher:
State Peace and Development Council (SPDC)
Date of publication:
2008-09-00
Description:
The official bilingual version...The date given here is the date of printing. The date of adoption of the Constitution is 29 May 2008
Date of entry/update:
2010-11-11
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
National constitutions, draft constitutions, amendments and announcements (texts), Key documents of Burmese law, Burma/Myanmar laws, decrees and regulations (State Peace and Development Council), 2008, Laws, decrees, bills and regulations relating to nationality, citizenship and immigration (texts)
Language:
English, Burmese (မြန်မာဘာသာ)
Format :
pdf
Size:
698.01 KB
Local URL:
Myanmar_Constitution-2008(en&bu)-red.pdf
Myanmar_Constitution-2008(en&bu)-red.pdf more
Source/publisher:
The Burma Campaign UK
Date of publication:
2010-11-07
Description:
Focus on Burma?s election has largely been on the
Parliament, but is fact this is a largely powerless
body which will be dominated by the military. Real
power will lie with the President, the Commanderin-
Chief and the new National Defense and Security
Council....In brief:
• Assembly/Parliament with one Upper
House and one lower house
• 14 regional and state assemblies
(Parliaments)
• 25% of seats (110) in People Assembly
(Lower House) reserved for military
• 25% of seats (56) in Upper House
reserved for military
• 25% of seats in state and regional
assemblies reserved for the military
• 1,163 seats available by vote (but voting
banned in at least 6 seats in ethnic areas)
• 37 parties allowed to participate
• Dictatorship linked parties only ones
which can afford to stand in almost every
constituency
• 2,203 political prisoners unable to take
part
• New National Defense and Security
Council where real power lies – not
Parliament
Date of entry/update:
2010-11-11
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
407.96 KB
Local URL:
TBC-Burma-Briefing-5.pdf
TBC-Burma-Briefing-5.pdf more
Source/publisher:
Shan Women?s Action Network (SWAN)
Date of publication:
2010-10-00
Description:
Pooling community talent to oppose
the sham 2010 election; Patterns of sexual violence and
impunity continue in Shan State; Struggling to be legal in
Thailand ["Without access to asylum, hundreds of thousands of Shan refugees have been forced to become migrant workers in
Thailand. Some have been able to obtain legal work permits, but many have not, for lack of funds and other reasons.
However, recent Thai regulations now require all migrants to go through a ?national verifi cation? process at the Burma
border, to obtain a temporary passport that will enable them to continue working in Thailand..."]... Hastening climate change
in Shan State ["...While this year?s drought has been
attributed to a number of factors,
many in Shan State are convinced that
widespread logging in the Shan hills
over the past few decades is largely
to blame..."]... Pushed back - again ["With civil war and oppression continuing
in Shan State, thousands of refugees
have continued to fl ow into Thailand
each year. However, unlike Karen and
Karenni refugees, the Shan are not
recognized by the Thai government,
and are denied access to refugee camps
in Thailand. As a result, most refugees
from Shan State have been forced to
become migrant workers. About 6,000,
including vulnerable populations of
children, elderly and disabled, have
ended up sheltering in fi ve camps just
inside the Shan border..."]... Failed War on Drugs takes its
toll on Shan youth ["Recent UNODC reports show that opium
cultivation and methamphetamine
production are increasing in Shan
State. The Burmese regime?s failure
to curb drug production is attributed
by Shan analysts to the Burma Army?s
reliance on taxation from drugs, as
well as its policy to allow numerous
proxy local militia to deal in drugs
in exchange for policing against
resistance activity..."]... Campaigning with regional networks to
protect shared natural resources.
Date of entry/update:
2010-11-01
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
1.3 MB
Local URL:
SWAN11(en).pdf
SWAN11(en).pdf more
Source/publisher:
Women and Child Rights Project (WCRP)
Date of publication:
2010-09-00
Description:
THE RECRUITMENT OF CHILD SOLDIERS THREATENS
FAMILIES IN SOUTHERN BURMA: 1. SUMMARY;
2. METHODOLOGY;
3. MAIN FINDINGS;
4. ANALYSIS;
4.1 Village Militias,
4.2 The lottery,
4.3. Forced to buy guns,
4.4 Questions answered
with torture,
4.5 Forced Labor,
4.6 ?No choice?,
5. Forced Recruitment and
forced labor causes,
families to flee their
villages,
6. Elections are unlikely to
halt use of child soldiers
or forced labor,
7. Who?s involved,
8. LEGAL DEFINITIONS,
9. WHAT YOU CAN DO,
10.RECOMMENDATIONS.
Date of entry/update:
2010-11-01
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
2.12 MB
Local URL:
WCRP2010-09-op.pdf
WCRP2010-09-op.pdf more
Source/publisher:
Thailand Burma Border Consortium (TBBC)
Date of publication:
2010-10-28
Description:
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY:
"Regardless of the outcomes in Burma?s first elections for twenty years, the incoming
government and international community cannot afford to ignore the deteriorating
socio-economic conditions that plague the country any longer. The urgency is
particularly acute in eastern Burma where protracted armed conflict and restrictions
on humanitarian access have exacerbated the legacy of chronic poverty.
The Thailand Burma Border Consortium (TBBC) has been collaborating with ethnic
community-based organisations to document conditions in eastern Burma since 2002.
This year, apart from updating information about displacement across six states and
divisions, poverty assessments were also conducted in six townships. The poverty
assessment was developed in consultation with humanitarian agencies based in
Rangoon/Yangon as a contribution towards developing a credible, nation-wide
database of indicators for household vulnerability.
Government statistics disguise the extent of suffering and suggest relatively low levels
of poverty in eastern Burma. This is because surveys are not allowed in some areas
and pockets of extreme vulnerability are not taken into account when data is only
disaggregated to the State or Division level. However, the indicators for vulnerability
in eastern Burma documented in this report are comparable to the worst findings
that international agencies have reported anywhere in Burma. Impoverishment is
particularly severe in the rural areas of Kyaukgyi Township where half of the sample
population reported displacement, forced labour and restrictions on movement had
caused shocks to livelihoods during the previous six months.
Analysis of the demographic structure in eastern Burma reveals high birth and child
mortality rates as well as low life expectancy. There is a high degree of dependency
on a relatively small working age population, and almost half of the population
surveyed has no proof of citizenship. These characteristics are more comparable to
the vulnerability experienced in northern Rakhine State than national averages.
Offi cial fi gures suggest that poverty rates in Kachin State and Magway Division are
amongst the worst in the nation. However, this survey indicates that basic living
conditions, such as access to safe drinking water and improved sanitation facilities,
are generally worse in eastern Burma. The lack of durable shelter resulting from
protracted conflict in eastern Burma resembles conditions in the Irrawaddy Delta a
year after Cyclone Nargis wreaked havoc.
Government statistics claim the average farming household owns 6 acres of land, but
this survey found 64% of rural households have access to less than two acres of land
and only 13% have access to irrigated fields. These seemingly contradictory fi gures
reflect large inequalities with regards to land tenure in Burma. The labour intensive
nature of agriculture is indicated by over 80% of farmers lacking farm machinery and
being dependent on simple tools.
Official data suggests that northern Shan State suffers from food insecurity more
than most regions in Burma, but this survey fi nds the situation in south eastern
Burma is comparable. Three quarters of the households in south eastern Burma had
experienced food shortages during the month prior to being surveyed, and a similar
proportion were preparing for a gap in rice supply of at least three months prior to the
next harvest. Food consumption analysis identifi es that 60% of households surveyed
have an inadequate diet, while acute malnutrition rates amongst children suggest a
serious public health problem.
While numerous indicators reflect severe vulnerabilities in eastern Burma, there is
also evidence that subsistence livelihoods are highly resilient. The main source of
staple food for three quarters of households is either their own rice crop or social
networks, while access to cash income is more limited than elsewhere in the country.
The low dependence on trade and high degrees of self reliance are also reflected by
a relatively low proportion of household expenditures on food. This would generally
be considered an indicator for lower levels of poverty, but comparisons are distorted
because of increased restrictions on movement and reduced access to markets in
the conflict-affected areas of eastern Burma.
Impoverishment in eastern Burma is a bi-product of militarisation and a key factor
contributing to displacement. During the past year, SPDC attempts to pressure ethnic
ceasefi re groups to transform into Border Guard Forces have increased insecurity
in areas which were relatively stable. The main ceasefi re parties have resisted the
pressure and reiterated calls for a review of the 2008 Constitution and political dialogue
to promote national reconciliation. In response, the Burmese Army has forcibly
conscripted and extorted villagers to form ethnic militia units to act as proxy forces in
case ceasefire agreements collapse.
This year?s survey estimates at least 73,000 people were forced to leave their homes in
eastern Burma between August 2009 and July 2010. The highest rates of displacement
were reported in northern Karen areas, where over 26,000 villagers were forced from
their homes by Burmese Army artillery attacks against civilians and by forced eviction
orders. More than 8,000 villagers in southern Mon areas also fl ed from their homes
as a result of instability and conflict induced by the Border Guard Force conversion
orders and by forced relocations.
TBBC?s partner agencies have documented the destruction, forced relocation or
abandonment of more than 3,600 civilian settlements in eastern Burma since 1996,
including 113 villages and hiding sites during the past year. Coercive practices by
armed forces have also undermined livelihoods and contributed to at least 446,000
people being internally displaced in the rural areas of eastern Burma at the end of
2010. As this conservative estimate only covers 37 townships and discounts urban
areas, it is likely that well over half a million internally displaced persons remain in
eastern Burma.
Military appointees and proxy party representatives are expected to control government
after the elections, and there is no indication that political indifference to human
suffering will change in the immediate future. The political challenge remains to press
and engage with the national authorities for a genuine process of national reconciliation
and the rights-based rule of law.
However, there is an urgent need to scale up poverty alleviation and humanitarian
relief efforts and there are capacities within Rangoon and border-based aid agencies to
absorb additional funding immediately. The humanitarian and development challenge
is to ensure that aid funding and programming are based on needs and vulnerabilities
rather than political agendas."
Date of entry/update:
2010-10-28
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food Security and displacement in Burma, Burma: Internal displacement/forced migration of several ethnic groups.
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
8.05 MB
Local URL:
TBBCidp_report-2010(en)-op.pdf
TBBCidp_report-2010(en)-op.pdf more
Source/publisher:
Pa_Oh Youth Organization (PYO)
Date of publication:
2010-10-27
Description:
"Save our Mountain, Save out Future": Pinpet Iron Mine and Steel Mill plant, near Taunggyi..."The Pa-Oh Youth Organisation (PYO) has produced a video and leaflets
showing the destruction already caused by the mining project, due to start
next year, including loss of farmlands, pollution of waterways, and abuses
committed by the Burmese regime?s troops providing security for the
project. Hundreds of copies of the video have already been distributed in
the affected areas.
Construction of the massive iron factory, jointly funded by Russian
state-owned Tyazhpromexport company, is almost complete. 100 villagers are
now being ordered out of the project area, among 7,000 people slated for
relocation once Pinpet mountain starts being leveled for open pit mining.
A further 35,000 villagers will be impacted by pollution of the Thabet
Stream, which has been diverted to clean and process the iron ore.
Affected communities have appealed to local authorities to stop the land
confiscation and forced relocation, but so far to no avail.
?There is a news black-out about the Pinpet project in Burma. We want to
raise awareness about the damage being caused and support community
efforts to oppose the project,” said PYO spokesperson Khun Chan Khe..."
To see the video and an update on the project, see
http://pyo-org.blogspot.com/
..... ပအိုဝ်းလူငယ်လှုပ်ရှားတက်ကြွသူများက
ရှမ်းပြည်နယ် တောင်ကြီးမြို့နယ်ရှိ
မြန်မာပြည်၏ အကြီးဆုံး ပင်းပက်
သံသတ္တုမိုင်းမှ ထိခိုက်ဆိုးကျိုးများအား
ဆန့်ကျင်ကန့်ကွက်နေသည့် ဒေသခံပြည်သူများ
အားဝိုင်းဝန်း ထောက်ခံအားပေးရေးအတွက်
ယနေ့ လှုပ်ရှားမှုကို ကျင်းပပြုလုပ်ခြင်း ဖြစ်ပါသည်။
လှုပ်ရှားမှုနှင့်ပတ်သက်၍သတ္တုမိုင်း စီမံကိန်းကြောင့်
ထိခိုက်ဖျက်ဆီးခံရမှုများကို ဗွီဒီယို၊ လက်ကမ်းစာစောင်များ
အား မှတ်တမ်းတင်ထုတ်ဝေသည်။ ထိခိုက်ဖျက်ဆီးခံရမှုတွင်
စီမံကိန်းလုံခြုံရေးကြောင့် ဒေသခံအာဏာပိုင်များက
ကျူးလွန်ခဲ့သည့် လူ့အခွင့်အရေး ချိုးဖောက်ခံရမှုများ၊
ဒေသခံပြည်သူများမှ လယ်ယာမြေများ လက်လွတ်ဆုံးရှုံးရမှု၊
ရေထုညစ်ညမ်းမှုများ ကြုံတွေ့နေရပါသည်။ ထို့သို့ ထိခိုက်
နစ်နာခဲ့ရသည့် ဒေသခံပြည်သူများပုံရိပ်ကို ပအိုဝ်းလူငယ်
အစည်းအရုံးမှ ဓါတ်ပုံဗွီဒီယိုမှတ်တမ်း အနေဖြင့် ဖြန့်ဖြူး
ထုတ်ဝေပါသည်။
Date of entry/update:
2010-10-28
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Mining of iron and other metals
Language:
English, Burmese
Format :
pdf
Size:
4.02 KB
Local URL:
Pa-Oh-Pinpet_mine.pdf
Pa-Oh-Pinpet_mine.pdf more
Source/publisher:
United Nations (A/65/367)
Date of publication:
2010-09-14
Description:
Резюме
Настоящий доклад представляется в соответствии с резолюцией 64/238
Генеральной Ассамблеи и охватывает период с 26 августа 2009 года по
25 августа 2010 года. После перевода на другую работу Ибрахима Гамбари
1 января 2010 года я назначил руководителя моего аппарата Виджая Намбияра
Специальным советником для осуществления контроля за выполнением манда-
та в области оказания добрых услуг.
За период, прошедший после моего последнего посещения Мьянмы в ию-
ле 2009 года, имеют место определенные признаки гибкости со стороны вла-
стей Мьянмы применительно к моим предложениям, например освобождение
17 сентября 2009 года более 130 политических заключенных в рамках более
широкой амнистии. Однако содержание под стражей других политических за-
ключенных и продолжающийся домашний арест г-жи Аун Сан Су Чжи
по-прежнему вызывают серьезную озабоченность. Вызывает сожаление тот
факт, что не используются новые возможности для достижения прогресса в
предметном политическом диалоге между ключевыми действующими лицами.
В течение отчетного периода постоянно предпринимались усилия, на-
правленные на налаживание взаимодействия между властями Мьянмы и клю-
чевыми действующими лицами, в целях реализации задач, предусмотренных
мандатом в области оказания добрых услуг. Однако правительство не направи-
ло приглашение моему Специальному советнику, с тем чтобы он мог вступить
в более тесный контакт с органами власти и другими заинтересованными сто-
ронами в стране в течение периода, прошедшего после моего последнего визи-
та. Отсутствие предметного взаимодействия вызывает чувство разочарования.
Кроме того, это — упущенная для Мьянмы возможность. Государства-члены
заинтересованы в том, чтобы Мьянма оказывала необходимое содействие, и
они обязаны активно добиваться этого.
Предстоящие выборы — первые в стране за последние 20 лет — являются
одним из важнейших испытаний в плане обеспечения мира, демократии и про-
цветания в стране. Высшее руководство Мьянмы неоднократно выступало с за-
явлениями о том, что оно привержено делу проведения свободных и справед-
ливых выборов. Правительство издало законы о выборах, назначило Союзную
избирательную комиссию в составе 18 членов и объявило, что выборы состоят-
ся 7 ноября 2010 года. По состоянию на 25 августа Комиссия утвердила заявки
на регистрацию 42 из 47 политических партий для участия в выборах, включая
5 из 10 партий, которые участвовали в проведенных в 1990 году выборах и бы-
ли повторно зарегистрированы. В то время как это дает основания полагать,
что политическое пространство может быть открытым по сравнению со стан-
дартами прошлых двух десятилетий, еще более необходимо, чтобы власти
обеспечили проведение всеохватных, внушающих доверие, с участием широ-
кой общественности и транспарентных выборов. В этой связи я вновь обраща-
юсь с призывом об освобождении всех политических заключенных, включая
г-жу Аун Сан Су Чжи, что стало бы четким сигналом готовности к практиче-
скому проявлению такой приверженности.
В течение отчетного периода Специальный советник предпринимал уси-
лия по взаимодействию на высоком уровне с соответствующими подразделе-
ниями Организации Объединенных Наций, такими как междепартаментская
рабочая группа по Мьянме, и в ходе таких контактов было определен целый
ряд общесистемных приоритетов. Экономическая и социальная комиссия для
Азии и Тихого океана (ЭСКАТО) продолжала проводить широкомасштабный
политический диалог с правительством, направленный на установление при-
оритетов и решение проблем этой страны в области развития. Страновая груп-
па Организации Объединенных Наций и правительство заключили соглашение
по вопросу о двухгодичной совместной гуманитарной инициативе по штату
Северный Ракхайн. По прошествии двух лет после создания правительством,
Организацией Объединенных Наций и Ассоциацией стран Юго-Восточной
Азии (АСЕАН) механизма Трехсторонней основной группы действие его ман-
дата истекло 31 июля 2010 года, и власти Мьянмы воздали ему должное и вы-
разили ему признательность.
Мьянма должна добиться прогресса в преодолении его двоякого наследия,
которое заключается в политическом тупике и вооруженном конфликте. Парал-
лельное решение проблем в области уважения прав человека, национального
примирения и демократизации является существенно важной целью, которую
все еще предстоит достичь. Чрезвычайно важно ст?
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摘要
本报告依照大会第64/238 号决议提交，述期为2009 年8 月26 日至2010 年
8 月25 日。2010 年1 月1 日改派易卜拉欣?甘巴里担任其他职务后，我已指派
秘书长办公厅主任南威哲担任特别顾问，负责监督斡旋任务。
自我上次在2009 年7 月访问缅甸以来，有迹象显示缅甸当局对我的建议采
取了灵活态度，例如，在2009 年9 月17 日作为更广泛大赦的一部分释放了130
余名政治犯。然而，关押政治犯和继续软禁昂山素季依然令人感到严重关切。令
人遗憾的是，没有设法谋求更多的机会来推动主要利益关系方开展有意义的政治
对话。
在本报告所述期间，为与缅甸当局和主要利益关系方进行接触作出了不断努
力，以完成斡旋任务的目标。然而，自我上次访问以来，该国政府未向我的特别
代表发出邀请，以便同当局及该国其他有关各方进一步接触。这种缺乏有意义接
触的情况令人失望。缅甸也丧失了一次机会。会员国有意也有责任积极确保缅甸
提供必要合作。
即将举行的选举是该国20 年来举行的第一次选举，也是对该国和平、民主
和繁荣前景的重大考验。缅甸高级领导人多次表示致力于举行自由公正的选举。
政府颁布了选举法，任命了一个由18 人组成的联邦选举委员会，并宣布2010 年
11 月7 日为选举日。截至8 月25 日，委员会在47 个参加竞选政党中核准了42
个政党的登记，其中包括在1990 年参加竞选并再次登记的10 个党派中的5 个。
这表明按照过去20 年的标准可能已经出现政治空间，但当局更有必要确保以包
容各方、可信、参与和透明的方式举行选举。为此，我再次呼吁释放包括昂山素
季在内的所有政治犯，以此作为最清晰的信号展示此类承诺。
在本报告所述期间，特别顾问努力同部门间缅甸问题工作组等相关联合国机
构进行高级别接触，确定了若干全系统优先事项。亚洲及太平洋经济社会委员会
(亚太经社会)继续同该国政府进行广泛政策对话，以应对该国的发展优先事项和
挑战。联合国国家工作队和该国政府就若开邦北部一个为期两年的联合人道主义
倡议达成协议。该国政府、联合国和东南亚国家联盟(东盟)三方核心小组机制成
立两年后，于2010 年7 月31 日完成任务规定，并得到缅甸当局的承认和感谢。
缅甸必须在解决政治僵局和武装冲突双重遗留问题方面取得进展。尊重人
权、民族和解和民主化的平行挑战是一个有待完成的重要目标。当务之急是在所
有利益攸关方之间开展对话与合作，并扩大政治、社会和经济开放。
我决心继续与缅甸政府和人民合作，促使他们努力成功转型，成为一个具有
公信力的文官民主政府。缅甸可以从联合国的广泛经验及其在提供人道主义和社
会经济援助方面的努力中大大获益。我再次呼吁主要有关会员国、区域实体、多
边发展行为体和国际金融机构同心协力，以鼓励所有国内利益攸关方推动为缅甸
国家利益进行积极变革。
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موجز
٢٣٨ ويغطي الفترة من / يُقدَّم هذا التقرير عملاً بقرار الجمعية ا لعامة ٦٤
٢٦ آب/أغسطس ٢٠٠٩ حتى ٢٥ آب/أغسطس ٢٠١٠ . وعقب إعادة انتداب ابراهيم
غمبري في ١ كانون الثاني/يناير ٢٠١٠ ، عينتُ رئيس ديواني، فيجاي نامبيار، مستشارًا
خاصًا للإشراف على ولاية المساعي الحميدة.
ومنذ زيارتي الأ خيرة إلى ميانمار في تموز /يوليه ٢٠٠٩ ، أظهرت سلطات ميانمار
بعض مؤشرات المرونة إزاء مقترحاتي، وقد تج ّلت هذه المرون ة على سبيل المثال في الإفراج
في ١٧ أيلول/سبتمبر ٢٠٠٩ عن أكثر من ١٣٠ سجينا سياسيا في إطار عفو واسع
النطاق. غير أن احتجاز سجناء سياسيين آخرين واست م رار فرض الإقامة الجبرية على
داو أونغ سان سو كيي لا يزالان مصدر قلق بالغ . ومن المؤسف أنه لم يج ر اغتنام فر ٍ ص
أخرى لإجراء حوار سياسي هادف بين أصحاب المصلحة الرئيسيين.
وطوال الفترة المشمولة بالتقرير، دلت جهود متواصلة للتعاون مع
سلطات ميانمار
وأصحاب المصلحة الرئيسيين من أجل تحقيق أهداف ولاية المساعي الحميدة . غير أن
الحكومة لم تقم، منذ زيارتي الأخيرة، بتوجيه أي دعوة إلى مستشاري الخاص لإجراء مزيد
من المشاورات مع السلطات والأطراف المعنية الأخرى في البلد . وإن هذا الافتقار إلى
التعاون الفعلي لمخيّبٌ للآما ل . كما أنه يمثّل فرصة ضائعة بالنسبة لميانمار . وللدول الأعضاء
مصلحة في السعي الحثيث لكفالة أن تمدّ ميانمار يد التعاون على النحو اللازم، كما أن
مسؤولية هذه الدول تملي عليها ذلك.
وتمّثل الانتخابات المقبلة، وهي أولى انتخابات يشهدها البلد منذ ٢٠ سنة، اختبارا
رئيسيا لآ فاق السلام والديمقراطية والرخاء في البلد . وقد أدلى كبار قادة ميانمار بتصريحات
متكررة أعربوا فيها عن التزامهم بإجراء انتخابات حرة ونزيهة . وأصدرت الحكومة قوانين
انتخابية، وعيّنت لجنة انتخابات اتحادية تتألف من ١٨ عضوًا، كما أُعلن يوم ٧ تشرين
الثاني/نوفمبر ٢٠١٠ موعدًا للانتخابات . وفي ٢٥ آب/أغسطس، أقرّت اللجنة تسجيل
٤٢ حزبًا سياسيًا من أصل ٤٧ حزبا لخوض الانتخابات، من بينها خمسة من الأحزاب
العشرة التي شاركت في انتخابات عام ١٩٩٠ وُأعيد تسجيلها. ورغم أن هذا يشير، انطلاقًا
من معايير العقدين الماضيين، إلى أن آفاقًا سي اسية ربما تكون قد ُفتحت، يبقى من الضروري
بالنسبة للسلطات كفالة إجراء الانتخابات بطريقة شاملة وذات مصداقية وقائمة على
المشاركة ومتّسمة بالشفافية . وفي هذا الصدد، أكرر دعوتي إلى الإفراج عن جميع السجناء
السياسيين، بمن فيهم داو أونغ سان سو كيي، كأبلغ دليل على احترام هذه الالتزامات.
وخلال الفترة المشمولة بالتقرير، بذل المستشار الخاص جهودا للتعاون، على مستوى
كبار الموظفين، مع مكاتب الأمم المتحدة ذات الصلة، مثل الفريق العامل المشترك بين
الإدارات المعني بميانمار ، حيث تم تحديد عدد من الأولويات على نطاق المنظومة . وواصلت
اللجنة الاقتصادية والاجتماعية لآسيا والمحيط الهادئ إجراء حوار واسع النطاق مع الحكومة
بشأن السياسات يهدف إلى معالجة ما لدى البلاد من أولويات و ما يواجهها من تحديات
على الصعيد الإ نمائي. وتوصّل فريق الأمم المتحدة القطري والحكومة إلى اتفا ق على مبادرة
إنسانية مدﺗﻬا عام ان بشأن ولاية راخين الشمالي ة . وبعد مرور سنتين على إنشاء آلية الفريق
الأساسي الثلاثي من جانب الحكومة والأمم المتحدة ورابطة أمم جنوب شرق آسيا، انتهت
ولاية هذه الآلية في ٣١ تموز/يوليه ٢٠١٠ بإعراب سلطات ميانمار عن الاعتراف ﺑﻬا
والامتنان لإنشائها.
ويجب أن تحرز ميانمار تقدمًا في التغلب على إرثها المزدوج من الجمود السياسي
والتراع المسلح . كما أن التصدي للتحديات الموازية المتمثلة في احترام حقوق الإنسان
والمصالحة الوطنية وإرساء الديمقراطية يشكّل هدفًا أساسيًا لا يزال يتعين الوفاء به . ومن
الأهمية بمكان مواصلة الحوار والتعاون بين جميع أصحاب المصلحة، فضلا عن زيادة الانفتاح
السياسي والاجتماعي والاقتصادي.
وإنني ملتزم بمواصلة التعاون مع حكومة ميانمار وشعبها لكي تثمر جهودهم ا فينجح ا
في الانتقال إلى حكومة مدنية وديمقراطية ذات مصداقي ة . وسوف تستفيد ميانمار كثير ا
مم ا تتمتع به الأمم المتحدة من خبرات واسعة النطاق ومما تبذله من جهود للمساعدة في
اﻟﻤﺠالات الإنسانية والاجتماعية والاقتصادي ة . وأكرر دعوتي إلى وحدة الهدف ووحدة العمل
بين الدول الأعضاء المعنية الرئيسية والكيانات الإقليمية والجهات الفاعلة الإنمائية المتعددة
الأطراف والمؤسسات المالية الدولية، لتشجيع جميع أصحاب المصلحة المحليين على المساهمة في
إحداث تغيير إيجابي لما فيه مصلحة ميانمار الوطنية
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Resumen:
"Este informe se presenta en cumplimiento de lo dispuesto en la resoluci?n
64/238 de la Asamblea General y abarca el per?odo comprendido entre el 26 de
agosto de 2009 y el 25 de agosto de 2010. Tras la reasignaci?n del Sr. Ibrahim
Gambari el 1 de enero de 2010, design? a mi Jefe de Gabinete, Sr. Vijay Nambiar,
como Asesor Especial para que supervisara el mandato de buenos oficios.
Desde mi ?ltima visita a Myanmar en julio de 2009, las autoridades de
Myanmar han dado algunas muestras de flexibilidad en respuesta a lo que propuse,
como la liberaci?n, el 17 de septiembre de 2009, de m?s de 130 presos pol?ticos
como parte de una amnist?a m?s amplia. Sin embargo, la detenci?n de otros presos
pol?ticos y el hecho de que la Sra. Daw Aung San Suu Kyi contin?e bajo el arresto
domiciliario siguen siendo motivo de grave preocupaci?n. Es lamentable que no se
hayan aprovechado nuevas oportunidades para promover un di?logo pol?tico
constructivo entre las principales partes interesadas.
Durante todo el per?odo que abarca el informe, se realizaron esfuerzos
continuos para recabar la colaboraci?n de las autoridades y las principales partes
interesadas de Myanmar, a fin de tratar de lograr los objetivos del mandato de buenos
oficios. Sin embargo, el Gobierno no ha invitado a mi Asesor Especial a mantener
m?s contacto con las autoridades y otras partes interesadas del pa?s desde mi ?ltima
visita. Esa falta de participaci?n constructiva es desalentadora, y tambi?n es una
oportunidad que Myanmar ha perdido. A los Estados Miembros les interesa procurar
activamente que Myanmar brinde la cooperaci?n necesaria, y tienen la
responsabilidad de hacerlo.
Las pr?ximas elecciones, las primeras en 20 a?os del pa?s, constituir?n una
importante ocasi?n de poner a prueba las perspectivas de paz, democracia y
prosperidad en el pa?s. Los altos dirigentes de Myanmar han declarado
reiteradamente su compromiso de celebrar elecciones libres y limpias. El Gobierno
ha promulgado leyes electorales, ha nombrado una Comisi?n Electoral de la Uni?n
con 18 miembros, y ha anunciado que la fecha de las elecciones ser? el 7 de
noviembre de 2010. Al 25 de agosto, la Comisi?n hab?a aprobado la inscripci?n de
42 de los 47 partidos pol?ticos que aspiraban a presentarse a las elecciones, entre
ellos 5 de los 10 partidos que ya se hab?an presentado a las elecciones de 1990 y
hab?an vuelto a inscribirse. Si bien esto indica que posiblemente se haya ampliado el
espacio pol?tico en comparaci?n con de los ?ltimos dos decenios, es a?n m?s
necesario que las autoridades aseguren que las elecciones se lleven a cabo de manera
inclusiva, digna de cr?dito, participativa y transparente. En ese sentido, reitero mi
petici?n de que se ponga en libertad a todos los presos pol?ticos, incluida la Sra. Daw
Aung San Suu Kyi, lo cual supondr?a la se?al m?s clara de dicho compromiso.
Durante el per?odo que abarca el informe, el Asesor Especial realiz? esfuerzos
para colaborar a nivel superior con las oficinas pertinentes de las Naciones Unidas,
como el Grupo de Trabajo Interdepartamental sobre Myanmar, en el que se
determinaron varias prioridades para todo el sistema. La Comisi?n Econ?mica y
Social para Asia y el Pac?fico (CESPAP) sigui? manteniendo un di?logo normativo
de amplio alcance con el Gobierno para a hacer frente a las prioridades y desaf?os del
pa?s en materia de desarrollo. El equipo de las Naciones Unidas en el pa?s y el
Gobierno llegaron a un acuerdo sobre una iniciativa humanitaria conjunta de dos
a?os para el norte del estado de Rakhine. Dos a?os despu?s de que el Gobierno, las
Naciones Unidas y la Asociaci?n de Naciones de Asia Sudoriental (ASEAN)
establecieran el mecanismo del Grupo B?sico Tripartito, su mandato termin? el 31 de
julio de 2010 y fue objeto de reconocimiento y gratitud por parte de las autoridades
de Myanmar.
Myanmar debe progresar para superar el estancamiento pol?tico y el conflicto
armado que ha heredado del pasado. Afrontar los desaf?os paralelos de conseguir el
respeto de los derechos humanos, la reconciliaci?n nacional y la democratizaci?n es
una meta esencial que todav?a no se ha logrado. Es fundamental proseguir el di?logo
y la cooperaci?n entre todas las partes interesadas, as? como lograr una mayor
apertura pol?tica, social y econ?mica.
Estoy firmemente decidido a seguir cooperando con el Gobierno y el pueblo de
Myanmar para que sus esfuerzos redunden en una transici?n satisfactoria hacia un
Gobierno civil y democr?tico digno de cr?dito. Myanmar puede beneficiarse
enormemente de la amplia experiencia de las Naciones Unidas y de los esfuerzos que
la Organizaci?n ha realizado para prestar asistencia en los ?mbitos humanitario y
socioecon?mico. Reitero mi llamamiento a la unidad de prop?sito y de acci?n entre
los principales Estados Miembros interesados, las entidades regionales, los agentes
de desarrollo multilaterales y las instituciones financieras internacionales, para
alentar a todas las partes interesadas del pa?s a que contribuyan a un cambio positivo
en pro del inter?s nacional de Myanmar."
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Description:
R?sum?:
"Soumis en application de la r?solution 64/238 de l?Assembl?e g?n?rale, le
pr?sent rapport porte sur la p?riode du 26 ao?t 2009 au 25 ao?t 2010. Apr?s la
r?affectation d?Ibrahim Gambari le 1er janvier 2010, j?ai nomm? mon Directeur de
cabinet, Vijay Nambiar, au poste de Conseiller sp?cial charg? de diriger la mission de
bons offices.
Depuis ma derni?re visite au Myanmar, qui a eu lieu en juillet 2009, les
autorit?s ont l?g?rement assoupli leur position concernant mes propositions; ainsi, le
17 septembre 2009, plus de 130 prisonniers politiques ont ?t? lib?r?s dans le cadre
d?une s?rie d?amnisties. Le maintien en d?tention d?autres prisonniers politiques et le
fait que Daw Aung San Suu Kyi soit toujours assign?e ? domicile restent une source
de vive pr?occupation. Il est dommage que davantage n?ait pas ?t? fait pour favoriser
un v?ritable dialogue politique entre les principales parties prenantes.
Pendant la p?riode consid?r?e, des efforts constants ont ?t? men?s pour
dialoguer avec les autorit?s du Myanmar et les principales parties prenantes, en vue
de la r?alisation des objectifs de la mission de bons offices. Toutefois, depuis ma
derni?re visite, le Gouvernement n?a pas invit? mon Conseiller sp?cial ? venir
s?entretenir avec les autorit?s et les autres parties int?ress?es dans le pays. En plus
d??tre d?cevante, cette absence d??changes substantiels est une occasion manqu?e
pour le Myanmar. Il est dans l?int?r?t et de la responsabilit? des ?tats Membres de
veiller activement ? ce que le Myanmar se montre coop?ratif.
* A/65/150.
A/65/367
2 10-53350
Les ?lections, qui vont se tenir – pour la premi?re fois en 20 ans – donneront
une id?e de ce que sont les perspectives du pays sur les plans de la paix, de la
d?mocratie et de la prosp?rit?. Les dirigeants du Myanmar se sont engag?s ?
plusieurs reprises ? tenir des ?lections libres et r?guli?res. Le Gouvernement a adopt?
des lois ?lectorales, institu? la Commission ?lectorale de l?Union, compos?e de
18 membres, et annonc? que les ?lections se tiendraient le 7 novembre 2010. Au
25 ao?t, la Commission ?lectorale avait approuv? l?enregistrement de 42 partis
politiques sur 47, dont 5 des 10 partis qui avaient particip? aux ?lections de 1990 et
qui s??taient r?enregistr?s. Si l?on peut y voir un signe d?ouverture de l?espace
politique au regard de ce qui s?est pass? ces 20 derni?res ann?es, encore faut-il que
les autorit?s veillent ? ce que ces ?lections soient cr?dibles, transparentes et ouvertes
? tous et que les ?lecteurs y participent. Je demande ? nouveau au Gouvernement de
lib?rer tous les prisonniers politiques, y compris Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, en signe de
bonne volont?.
Pendant la p?riode consid?r?e, le Conseiller sp?cial s?est employ? ? dialoguer
avec les responsables des organismes des Nations Unies comp?tents, tel le groupe de
travail interd?partemental sur le Myanmar, qui a d?fini plusieurs priorit?s ? l??chelle du
syst?me. La Commission ?conomique et sociale pour l?Asie et le Pacifique a continu?
d??tudier toute une s?rie de questions avec le Gouvernement pour pouvoir prendre en
compte les priorit?s et difficult?s de d?veloppement du pays. L??quipe de pays des
Nations Unies et le Gouvernement se sont mis d?accord sur une initiative humanitaire
commune de deux ans pour le nord de l??tat d?Arakan. Le 31 juillet 2010, soit deux
ans apr?s sa cr?ation par le Gouvernement, l?Organisation des Nations Unies et
l?Association des nations de l?Asie du Sud-Est, le Groupe clef tripartite a termin? son
mandat, avec la reconnaissance et la gratitude des autorit?s du Myanmar.
Le Myanmar doit s?employer ? surmonter deux probl?mes durables : l?impasse
politique et le conflit arm?. Il doit encore relever les d?fis que sont le respect des
droits de l?homme, la r?conciliation nationale et la d?mocratisation. Il est essentiel
que toutes les parties prenantes continuent de dialoguer et de coop?rer et que le pays
continue de s?ouvrir sur les plans politique, social et ?conomique.
Je suis d?termin? ? continuer de coop?rer avec le Gouvernement et le peuple du
Myanmar pour les aider ? se doter d?un r?gime civil et d?mocratique cr?dible. Le
Myanmar pourrait grandement b?n?ficier de la riche exp?rience de l?Organisation
des Nations Unies et de l?aide qu?elle peut apporter sur les plans humanitaire et
socio?conomique. Je demande une nouvelle fois que les principaux ?tats Membres
int?ress?s, les entit?s r?gionales, les organismes multilat?raux de d?veloppement et
les institutions financi?res internationales oeuvrent ensemble ? la r?alisation
d?objectifs communs en vue d?amener toutes les parties prenantes du pays ?
concourir ? une ?volution positive de la situation, dans l?int?r?t du Myanmar."
Date of entry/update:
2010-10-27
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
Francais,m French
Format :
pdf
Size:
98.7 KB
Local URL:
SGrep-A-65-367(fr).pdf
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Source/publisher:
United Nations General Assembly (A/65/367)
Date of publication:
2010-09-14
Description:
Summary:
"The present report is submitted pursuant to General Assembly resolution
64/238 and covers the period from 26 August 2009 to 25 August 2010. Upon the
reassignment of Ibrahim Gambari on 1 January 2010, I designated my Chef de
Cabinet, Vijay Nambiar, as Special Adviser to oversee the good offices mandate.
Since my last visit to Myanmar in July 2009, there have been some signs of
flexibility from the Myanmar authorities in response to my proposals, such as the
release, on 17 September 2009, of over 130 political prisoners as part of a broader
amnesty. However, the detention of other political prisoners and the continued house
arrest of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi remain of grave concern. It is regrettable that
further opportunities to advance meaningful political dialogue among key
stakeholders have not been pursued.
Throughout the reporting period, continuous efforts were made to engage the
Myanmar authorities and key stakeholders, in order to pursue the objectives of the
good offices mandate. However, the Government, has not extended an invitation to my
Special Adviser to engage further with the authorities and other concerned parties in
the country since my last visit. This lack of meaningful engagement is disappointing. It
is also a lost opportunity for Myanmar. Member States have an interest and
responsibility to actively ensure that Myanmar extends the necessary cooperation.
The upcoming elections, the country?s first in 20 years, present a major test of
the prospects of peace, democracy and prosperity in the country. Myanmar?s senior
leaders have made repeated statements of commitment to free and fair elections. The
Government has issued electoral laws, appointed an 18-member Union Electoral
Commission and announced an election date of 7 November 2010. As at 25 August,
the Commission had approved the registration of 42 out of 47 political parties to
contest the elections, including 5 of the 10 parties that had contested the 1990
elections and had re-registered. While this suggests that political space may have
opened up by the standards of the past two decades, it is all the more necessary for
the authorities to ensure that the elections are conducted in an inclusive, credible,
participatory and transparent manner. In this regard, I reiterate my call for the release
of all political prisoners, including Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, as the clearest signal of
such commitments.
During the reporting period, the Special Adviser exerted efforts to engage at the
senior level with relevant United Nations offices, such as the interdepartmental
working group on Myanmar, where a number of system-wide priorities were
identified. The Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)
continued a wide-ranging policy dialogue with the Government aimed at addressing
the country?s developmental priorities and challenges. The United Nations country
team and the Government reached agreement on a two-year joint humanitarian
initiative on Northern Rakhine State. Two years after the establishment of the
Tripartite Core Group mechanism by the Government, the United Nations and the
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), its mandate was concluded on
31 July 2010, with recognition and gratitude expressed by the Myanmar authorities.
Myanmar must make progress in overcoming its twin legacies of political
deadlock and armed conflict. Addressing the parallel challenges of respect for human
rights, national reconciliation and democratization is an essential goal that remains to
be fulfilled. It is critical to pursue dialogue and cooperation among all stakeholders,
as well as greater political, social and economic openness.
I am committed to continuing cooperation with the Government and people of
Myanmar to enable their efforts to make a successful transition to a credible civilian
and democratic Government. Myanmar stands to benefit greatly from the wideranging
experiences of the United Nations and its efforts to assist in the humanitarian
and socio-economic areas. I reiterate my call for unity of purpose and unity of action
among key interested Member States, regional entities, multilateral development
actors and international financial institutions, to encourage all domestic stakeholders
to contribute to positive change in the national interest of Myanmar."
Date of entry/update:
2010-10-27
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
The Secretary-General's reports on the situation of human rights in Myanmar (English), 7-Step Roadmap (Step 5): Holding of free and fair elections for Pyithu Hluttaws (Legislative bodies) according to the new constitution (news and commentary)
Language:
English (also available in Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian and Spanish)
Format :
pdf
Size:
85.7 KB
Local URL:
SGrep-A-65-367(en).pdf
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Source/publisher:
United Nations General Assembly (A/65/368) Организация Объединенных Наций Генеральная Ассамблея
Date of publication:
2010-09-15
Description:
Резюме
Настоящий доклад представлен во исполнение резолюции Совета по пра-
вам человека 13/25 и резолюции 64/238 Генеральной Ассамблеи и в нем рас-
сматриваются события в области прав человека в Мьянме за период после пред-
ставления доклада Специального докладчика Совету по правам человека в мар-
те 2010 года (A/HRC/13/48).
13 августа 2010 года правительство Мьянмы наконец-то объявило о том,
что национальные выборы будут проведены 7 ноября 2010 года. В настоящем
докладе основное внимание уделяется вопросу о правах человека применитель-
но к выборам, а также вопросу о правосудии и подотчетности. Условия для про-
ведения подлинных выборов в нынешних обстоятельствах ограничены и воз-
можность того, что эти выборы позволят добиться предметных преобразований
и улучшат ситуацию в области прав человека в Мьянме, по-прежнему носит не-
определенный характер.
Что касается вопроса о правосудии и подотчетности, то Специальный док-
ладчик отмечает, что, хотя первейшая обязанность правительства Мьянмы за-
ключается в решении проблемы грубых и систематических нарушений прав че-
ловека всеми сторонами, ответственность ляжет на международное сообщество
в том случае, если правительство не выполнит свои обязанности.
Специальный докладчик выносит рекомендацию о том, что правительство
Мьянмы должно уважать свободу выражения мнений, свободу собраний и ассо-
циации в контексте национальных выборов; освободить всех узников совести;
заниматься решением вопросов в области правосудия и подотчетности; выпол-
нять четыре главных правозащитных элемента, подробно изложенных в его
предыдущих докладах; а также содействовать обеспечению доступа для целей
оказания гуманитарной помощи и продолжать развивать сотрудничество с меж-
дународной правозащитной системой.
Date of entry/update:
2010-10-21
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Reports to the GA by the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar (Russian)
Language:
Russian
Format :
pdf
Size:
479.77 KB
Local URL:
SRM2010-rep-A65-368(ru).pdf
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Source/publisher:
Naciones Unidas -- Asamblea General (A/65/368)
Date of publication:
2010-09-15
Description:
Resumen:
Este informe se presenta en cumplimiento de la resoluci?n 13/25 del Consejo
de Derechos Humanos y de la resoluci?n 64/238 de la Asamblea General, y se refiere
a la evoluci?n de la situaci?n de los derechos humanos en Myanmar desde el informe
que present? el Relator Especial al Consejo de Derechos Humanos en marzo de 2010
(A/HRC/13/48).
El 13 de agosto de 2010, el Gobierno de Myanmar anunci?, tras mucho tiempo
de espera, que las elecciones nacionales se celebrar?an el 7 de noviembre de 2010. El
presente informe se centra en los derechos humanos en relaci?n con las elecciones, y
en el asunto de la justicia y la rendici?n de cuentas. En las actuales circunstancias,
las condiciones para unas elecciones aut?nticas son limitadas, y la posibilidad de que
estas elecciones conlleven un cambio significativo y una mejora en la situaci?n de
los derechos humanos en Myanmar contin?a siendo incierto.
En relaci?n con el tema de la justicia y la rendici?n de cuentas, el Relator
Especial observa que, si bien el Gobierno de Myanmar es el principal responsable de
abordar el problema de las flagrantes y sistem?ticas violaciones de los derechos
humanos por todas las partes, dicha responsabilidad recae en la comunidad
internacional si el Gobierno no la asume.
El Relator Especial recomienda al Gobierno de Myanmar que respete la libertad
de expresi?n y opini?n, as? como la de reuni?n y asociaci?n, en el contexto de las
elecciones nacionales; ponga en libertad a todos los prisioneros de conciencia;
aborde el asunto de la justicia y la rendici?n de cuentas; aplique los cuatro
componentes b?sicos de los derechos humanos detallados en sus informes anteriores;
y facilite el acceso a la asistencia humanitaria y contin?e aumentando su cooperaci?n
con el sistema internacional de derechos humanos.
Date of entry/update:
2010-10-21
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
Espanol, Spanish
Format :
pdf
Size:
136.75 KB
Local URL:
SRM2010-rep-A65-368(sp).pdf
SRM2010-rep-A65-368(sp).pdf more
Source/publisher:
United Nations General Assembly (A/65/368)
Date of publication:
2010-09-15
Description:
摘要
本报告是根据人权理事会第13/25 号决议和大会第64/238 号决议提交，述
及特别报告员于2010 年3 月向人权理事会提交报告(A/HRC/13/48)以来缅甸国内
的人权事态发展。
缅甸政府于2010 年8 月13 日宣布，把人们期待已久的全国选举日期定于
2010 年11 月7 日。本报告集中讨论与选举有关的人权问题以及声张仗义和追究
责任问题。在当前情况下，举行真正选举的条件有限，这些选举给缅甸人权状况
带来实际变化和改观的可能性仍不确定。
关于声张仗义和追究责任问题，特别报告员指出，虽然首先应该由缅甸政府
负责处理所有当事方严重和系统地侵犯人权的问题，但如果该国政府没有负起责
任，国际社会将负责处理这一问题。
特别报告员建议缅甸政府在全国选举方面尊重言论和意见自由以及集会和
结社自由；释放所有政治犯；解决声张仗义和追究责任问题；落实他在上次报告
中详细阐述的四项核心人权要素；为获得人道主义援助提供便利；继续发展与国
际人权体系的合作。
Date of entry/update:
2010-10-21
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Reports to the GA by the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar (Chinese)
Language:
Chinese
Format :
pdf
Size:
374.73 KB
Local URL:
SRM2010-rep-A65-368(cn).pdf
SRM2010-rep-A65-368(cn).pdf more
Source/publisher:
United Nations General Assembly (A/65/368)
Date of publication:
2010-09-15
Description:
موجز
٢٥ وقرار الجمعية العامة / يقدَّم هذا التقرير عملا بقرار مجلس حقوق الإنسان ١٣
٢٨٣ ، وهو يغطي مستجدات حقوق الإنسان في ميانمار منذ تقديم تقرير المقرر الخاص /٦٤
.(A/HRC/13/48) إلى مجلس حقوق الإنسان في آذار/مارس ٢٠١٠
وفي ١٣ آب /أغسطس ٢٠١٠ ، أعلنت حكومة ميانم ار أن موعد الانتخابات الوطنية
الذي طال انتظاره هو ٧ تشرين الثاني/نوفمبر ٢٠١٠ . ويركز هذا التقرير على حقوق
الإنسان في علاقتها مع الانتخابات، وعلى مسألة العدالة والمساءلة . وتتسم شروط عقد
انتخابات نزيهة بالمحدودية في ظل الظروف الحالية، ويظل احتمال أن تحدث هذه الانتخابات
تغييرا مجديا وأن تحسّن حالة حقوق الإنسان في ميانمار أمرا غير مؤكد.
وفيما يتعلق بمسألة العدالة والمساءلة، يلاحظ المقرر الخاص أنه بينما تتحمل حكومة
ميانمار المسؤولية في المقام الأول عن التصدي لمشكلة الانتهاكات الجسيمة والمنهجية
لحقوق الإنسان التي ترتكبها جميع الأطراف، فإن هذه المسؤولية تقع على عاتق اﻟﻤﺠتمع
الدولي ما لم تضطلع ﺑﻬا الحكومة.
ويوصي المقرر الخاص بأن تحترم حكومة ميانمار حرية التعبير والرأي وحرية التجمع
في سياق الانتخابات الوطنية؛ وتطلق سراح جميع سجناء الضمير؛ وتعالج مسألة العدالة
والمساءلة؛ وتنّفذ العناصر الأساسية الأربعة لحقوق الإنسان، على النحو المفصل في تقاريره
السابقة؛ وتسهّل وصول المساعدات الإنسانية؛ وتواصل تطوير التعاون مع منظومة حقوق
الإنسان الدولية.
Date of entry/update:
2010-10-21
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Reports to the GA by the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar (Arabic)
Language:
Arabic
Format :
pdf
Size:
321.61 KB
Local URL:
SRM2010-rep-A65-368(ar).pdf
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Source/publisher:
United Nations General Assembly (A/65/368)
Date of publication:
2010-09-15
Description:
Summary:
"The present report is submitted pursuant to Human Rights Council resolution
13/25 and General Assembly resolution 64/238 and covers human rights
developments in Myanmar since the Special Rapporteur?s report to the Human
Rights Council in March 2010 (A/HRC/13/48).
On 13 August 2010, the Government of Myanmar announced the long-awaited
date for national elections for 7 November 2010. The present report focuses on
human rights in relation to elections, and the issue of justice and accountability.
Conditions for genuine elections are limited under the current circumstances, and the
potential for these elections to bring meaningful change and improvement to the
human rights situation in Myanmar remains uncertain.
Regarding the issue of justice and accountability, the Special Rapporteur notes
that while it is foremost the responsibility of the Government of Myanmar to address
the problem of gross and systematic human rights violations by all parties, that
responsibility falls to the international community if the Government fails to assume it.
The Special Rapporteur recommends that the Government of Myanmar respect
freedom of expression and opinion and freedom of assembly and association in the
context of the national elections; release all prisoners of conscience; address justice
and accountability; implement the four core human rights elements, as detailed in his
previous reports; and facilitate access for humanitarian assistance and continue
developing cooperation with the international human rights system."
Date of entry/update:
2010-10-21
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Reports to the GA by the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar (English), 7-Step Roadmap (Step 5): Holding of free and fair elections for Pyithu Hluttaws (Legislative bodies) according to the new constitution (news and commentary)
Language:
English (also available in Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian and Spanish)
Format :
pdf
Size:
172.49 KB
Local URL:
SRM2010-rep-A65-368(en).pdf
SRM2010-rep-A65-368(en).pdf more
Source/publisher:
Displacement Solutions
Date of publication:
2009-11-00
Description:
"Since its establishment in 2006, Displacement Solutions has been active in exploring the housing, land and property rights situation in Burma. The Burma HLP Initiative aims to shed new light on the numerous HLP rights issues in Burma today by building capacity for enforcing these rights by citizens of the country. The Initiative works together with various groups within and outside Burma towards these ends.
The Initiative explores key questions such as:
* What are the characteristics and status of the legal regime in Burma as it relates to HLP rights issues?
* How effective is the current legal regime in promoting human rights standards relevant to HLP rights? What are the key issues facing the HLP rights regime in Burma?
* In what ways can the legal code more effectively address HLP rights in Burma, and how might it be reformed to avoid problems in the future transition process? This will draw on the many experiences of political transition since the end of the Cold War.
* How can the capacity of the Burmese democratic opposition be enhanced to structurally address the HLP legal environment in Burma today? How can expert capacity be strengthened to better prepare the broader democratic opposition to address the HLP challenges that will arise during and after political transition?..." THIS LINK CONTAINS A HYPERLINKED SET OF BURMESE HLP-RELATED LAWS
Date of entry/update:
2010-10-20
Type:
Websites/Multiple Documents
Category:
Laws, decrees, bills and regulations relating to land, property and planning (commentary), Laws, decrees, bills and regulations relating to land, property and planning (texts), Law and policy on land in Burma/Myanmar
Language:
English
more
Source/publisher:
Centre on Housing Rights and Evictions (COHRE)
Date of publication:
2009-00-00
Description:
Table of Contents:-
Introduction:
I. International Human Rights Law
1. What are human rights?
2. Where do human rights come from?
3. Human rights and government duties...
II. The Right to Adequate Housing
1. Housing is a Human Right
2. What is the Right to Adequate Housing?
3. The Right to Adequate Housing and the Duties of Government...
III.Forced Evictions
1. Evictions and Human Rights
2. Is an eviction a violation of human rights?
3. Is the eviction absolutely necessary?
4. The Government?s Duties before, during and after eviction
5. Government duties BEFORE an eviction
6. The government?s duties DURING an eviction
7. The government?s duties AFTER an eviction...
IV. Housing, Land and Property Restitution Rights
1. What is Housing, Land and Property restitution?
2. International Human Rights standards on HLP Restitution:
the ?Pinheiro Principles?.
3. Who does the principle of HLP Restitution apply to?
4. The right to return
5. What is the right to restitution?
6. What about people who are occupying land of displaced persons?
7. What should be done to promote the right to return and restitution?
Date of entry/update:
2010-10-20
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
more
Source/publisher:
Centre on Housing Rights and Evictions (COHRE)
Date of publication:
2008-00-00
Description:
Housing rights in Burma after the cyclone... Explaining the right to return and the right to housing, land and property
restitution in Burma
Date of entry/update:
2010-10-20
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English, Karen, Burmese
more
Source/publisher:
MIMU
Description:
LARGE COLLECTION OF UN AND OTHER DOCUMENTS ON BURMA/MYANMAR..."The MIMU provides a common information exchange service for the humanitarian community through strengthened coordination, collection, processing, analysis and dissemination of information.
The MIMU supports analysis and decision making by the UN Resident/Humanitarian Coordinator (RC/HC), Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) partners, the UN Country Team and other actors both inside and outside of Myanmar."...MAPS, ANALYSES, ASSESSMENTS ETC OF ALL PARTS OF THE COUNTRY.
Date of entry/update:
2010-10-07
Type:
Websites/Multiple Documents
Language:
English
more
Source/publisher:
Karen Human Rights Group (KHRG #2010-04)
Date of publication:
2010-08-31
Description:
"The SPDC Army continues to attack civilians and civilian livelihoods nearly two years after the end of the 2005-2008 SPDC Offensive in northern Karen State. In response, civilians have developed and employed various self-protection strategies that have enabled tens of thousands of villagers to survive with dignity and remain close to their homes despite the humanitarian consequences of SPDC Army practices. These protection strategies, however, have become strained, even insufficient, as humanitarian conditions worsen under sustained pressure from the SPDC Army, prompting some individual villagers and entire communities to re-assess local priorities and concerns, and respond with alternative strategies - including uses of weapons or landmines. While this complicates discussions of legal and humanitarian protections for at-risk civilians, uses of weapons by civilians occur amidst increasing constraints on alternative self-protection measures. External actors wishing to promote human rights in conflict areas of eastern Burma should therefore seek a detailed understanding of local priorities and dynamics of abuse, and use this understanding to inform activities that broaden civilians? range of feasible options for self-protection, including beyond uses of arms..."
Date of entry/update:
2010-10-06
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Discrimination against the Karen, Economic oppression, Extortion, Robbery, Village and urban resistance, Armed conflict in Burma - Impact on village life, including health and education
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
1.21 MB
more
Source/publisher:
"The Irrawaddy" Vol. 14, No. 1
Date of publication:
2006-01-17
Description:
Separatist leader sets terms for peace with India...
"Thuingaleng Muivah, head of the separatist group National Socialist Council of Nagaland, has given New Delhi an ultimatum. Eight years of negotiations with the Indian government have yielded no results. If no acceptable settlement is reached by January 31, 2006—the date that existing ceasefire agreements will expire—he will suspend all negotiations and return to the jungles of northeastern India, along the border with Burma, to resume an armed opposition movement that began nearly 50 years ago. The ranks of the NSCN have swelled to some 6,000 soldiers since the group signed a ceasefire agreement in 1997. A fellow opposition group, the United Liberation Front of Assam, has now promised to back the NSCN in the event of a final breakdown in peace talks, making the Naga contingent an even more potent threat. In an interview with The Irrawaddy?s correspondent Subir Bhaumik, Muivah explains the conditions for a lasting peace between India and Nagaland..."
Thuingaleng Muivah
Date of entry/update:
2010-10-04
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Nagas (cultural, political), India-Burma relations
Language:
English
more
Source/publisher:
Shan Herald Agency for News (S.H.A.N.)
Date of publication:
2010-10-00
Description:
Contents: Message from the Editor;
Acreage up, output down;
Junta?s drug elimination plan way behind schedule;
Results of S.H.A.N.?s survey of opium cultivation during the 2009-2010 season;
Burma Army ?draws pay from the hills?;
Drug-free Burma by 2014?;
Lower opium prices despite poor harvest;
Junta militias stepping into the Wa vacuum;
Poor addicts face jail, rich go free;
Wa still the whipping boy of the Triangle;
Rise of the new ?politically correct? drug bosses;
Yaba flooding Shan State;
Crop substitution for whom?
Drug smugglers using ever new tricks
Date of entry/update:
2010-10-02
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Shan Drug Watch Newsletter
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
1.27 MB
Local URL:
Shan-Drug-Watch-2010-red.pdf
Shan-Drug-Watch-2010-red.pdf more
Source/publisher:
Transnational Institute, Burma Centrum Nederland (Burma Policy Briefing Nr 3 October 2010)
Date of publication:
2010-10-01
Description:
Conclusions and Recommendations:
"• The elections will be Burma?s most defining
political moment for a generation.
However the electoral process lacks
democratic and ethnic inclusion. Without
such inclusion, the country?s political
crises are likely to continue.
• The electoral playing field is tilted in
favour of the regime?s USDP due to strict
regulations on registration, the cost of
registering candidates, and the limited
time for parties to organize.
• Even if the voting is fair, ?establishment?
parties, together with military appointees,
are likely to control a majority of seats in
the new legislatures. 37 political parties
will participate in the elections. But most
have small regional or ethnic support
bases.
• Despite the restrictions, democratic opposition
parties participating in the polls
want to make the best use of the limited
space available. The elections begin new
arrangements and contests in Burmese
politics, which will play out over several
years. Outcomes remain unpredictable.
• Ethnic exclusion and lack of polls in many
minority areas mean that the election will
not resolve the country?s ethnic conflicts.
The regime?s promotion of Border Guard
Forces rather than political dialogue with
armed opposition groups has also increased
tensions. To establish peace, there
must be equitable participation, bringing
rights and benefits to all peoples and
regions."
Date of entry/update:
2010-10-01
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
7-Step Roadmap (Step 5): Holding of free and fair elections for Pyithu Hluttaws (Legislative bodies) according to the new constitution (news and commentary), TNI-BCN Project on Ethnic Conflict in Burma
Language:
English
more
Source/publisher:
National AIDS Programme, Myanmar
Date of publication:
2010-09-00
Description:
"... * Modelling of HIV data show that HIV prevalence in Myanmar peaked in 2001-2002 and has
been slowly declining since then. The HIV incidence peaked a few years earlier and is also
showing a slow decline.
* Like in other Asian countries, there are three distinct waves of the epidemic. The first group to
be affected was the injecting drug users. Next, the sex workers and their male clients were
most affected. Finally, transmission from male clients to their wives/other female partners
resulted in lower-risk female population being increasingly infected. Although a large number
of low-risk female have become infected, IDUs, MSM and sex workers continue to have the
highest incidence rate of HIV infection.
* In 2009, an estimated 238,000 people are living with HIV/AIDS. The adult HIV prevalence is
0.61%.
* Currently, there are approximately 17,000 new HIV infections each year. Nearly 60% of all
new infections are among sex workers and their clients, MSMs and IDUs.
* The number of AIDS deaths is showing a downward trend since 2005. Currently, there are
approximately 17,500 AIDS deaths per year.
* Roughly 74,000 (including old and new persons needing treatment) people in Myanmar are
currently in need of antiretroviral care and this number will continue to increase over the next
years as more people are put under ART.
* Roughly 4,300 HIV-positive women will give birth annually. As PMCT programme expand,
fewer number of children will be born with HIV. Approximately 1,900 children are in need of
ART in 2009..."
Date of entry/update:
2010-09-24
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
HIV/AIDS - Burma/Myanmar
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
666.84 KB
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Source/publisher:
Chatham House
Date of publication:
2010-09-21
Description:
"...Threats to civilian populations in south-east Burma include murder, rape, torture, looting,
forced labour and arbitrary taxation, hunger, land confiscation, and the destruction of entire
villages. People living in conflict zones are often subject to ?multiple masters?, paying taxes (or
other forms of ?tribute? – such as labour, or the conscription of their sons) to two or more
armed groups. Protection against hunger is also a major concern. For vulnerable communities,
the distinction between livelihoods and other forms of security is minimal.
People manage or avoid these risks through a variety of strategies, including trade-offs, some
of which may appear very negative. Often, people have to balance risks against each other,
and choose the ?least-worst option?. Individuals, families and communities? limited selfprotection
options depend on the resources available, including money, relationships, and
information. The standing and quality of community leaders also appear to be crucial.
Particularly important is the development of protective ?social capital?.
In the absence of protection by the state or international agencies, community-based
organizations play important roles in providing limited amounts of assistance to vulnerable
communities in south-east Burma. Civil society networks operating cross-border from Thailand
include a range of CBOs, some of which can be characterized as the welfare wings of armed
ethnic groups. These organizations provide often life-saving assistance to IDPs and other
vulnerable civilians, with funds provided by many of the same donors who also support the
refugee regime along the border. Monitoring of these relief activities is very tight and little, if
any, cross-border aid is diverted to insurgent organizations. However, the close association
between several of the more prominent cross-border aid groups and the armed conflict actors
with which they work serves to legitimize the latter, who are involved in the distribution of
internationally funded relief supplies.44
Humanitarian donors and organizations must ensure that their interventions ?do no harm? to
intended beneficiaries. Discussion of the relationships between aid and conflict has not been
prominent within humanitarian networks along the Thailand-Burma border.45
Such caveats notwithstanding, locally designed and led humanitarian activities can help to
mobilize communities. Local (especially faith-based) leaders do often help to build trust and
?social capital?. International donors can and should do more to engage positively with such
initiatives..."
Ashley South with Malin Perhult, Nils Carstensen
Date of entry/update:
2010-09-24
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
551.23 KB
Local URL:
Conflict_and_Survival-red.pdf
Conflict_and_Survival-red.pdf more
Source/publisher:
Macmillan & Co. via openlibrary.org
Date of publication:
1902-00-00
Description:
First published in 1899..."This book is about Burma, seen through the eyes of an English gentleman during and after the conquering of Upper Burma by the British towards the end of the 19th century. It describes his impressions of the Burmese people and particularly their religion, Buddhism, which explains so much their strange customs and ways.
Written in the excellent English, in choice of words and prose, lost in modern times, that typified the Victorian period".....CONTENTS:
LIVING BELIEFS;
HE WHO FOUND THE LIGHT—I;
HE WHO FOUND THE LIGHT—II;
THE WAY TO THE GREAT PEACE;
WAR—I;
WAR—II;
GOVERNMENT;
CRIME AND PUNISHMENT;
HAPPINESS;
THE MONKHOOD I;
THE MONKHOOD II;
PRAYER;
FESTIVALS;
WOMEN—I;
WOMEN—II;
WOMEN III;
DIVORCE;
MANNERS;
?NOBLESSE OBLIGE?;
ALL LIFE IS ONE;
DEATH, THE DELIVERER;
THE POTTER?S WHEEL;
THE FOREST OF TIME.....
The Alternate URL has a link to the openlibrary page which offers several editions, in various formats. The OBL link is to the 1902 edition, with the insertion of the first page of the Contents, omitted from the openlibrary 1902 version.
Harold Fielding Hall
Date of entry/update:
2010-09-23
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Buddhism in Burma - general, Accounts of Burma by travellers, diplomats, merchants, soldiers et al
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
2.9 MB
Local URL:
Fielding_Hall-soul_of_a_people-red.pdf
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Source/publisher:
FAO, WFP
Date of publication:
2009-01-22
Description:
Mission Highlights:
• During the 2008 monsoon season, agricultural production suffered a significant decline in areas
severely affected by Cyclone Nargis, as a result of poor quality seeds, salinity and iron toxicity, lack of
agricultural labour and draught animals. Compared to the previous year, average paddy production is
estimated to have decreased by 32 percent in 7 affected townships in the Ayeyarwady Division and
by 35 percent in 3 affected townships of Yangon Division. At the divisional level, 2008 monsoon
paddy output was down by 13 percent in Ayeyarwady, and 9 percent in Yangon.
• Overall, aggretate food production in Myanmar is satisfactory, with positive outputs expected in most
states/divisions, reflecting favourable weather and increasing use of F1 and HYV rice seeds. The
Mission forecasts a 2008/09 (2008 monsoon and 2009 summer) cereal output of 21 million tonnes
(rice at 19.8 million tonnes, maize at 1.11 million tonnes, and wheat at 0.147 million tonnes),
3.2 percent below the previous year, but approximately 10 percent above the five-year average.
Cereal exports are expected to be high, with estimated rice exports of 477 000 tonnes and maize
exports of 159 000 tonnes conversely, up to 64 000 tonnes of wheat are expected to be imported.
• The cyclone-related damage to the livestock and fishing sectors in the Ayeyarwady Delta will continue
to affect food supply and income generation in 2008/09.
• Rats have damaged 685 hectares of rice and 400 hectares of maize in 121 villages of Chin
State;localized food insecurity in these villages is expected.
• Despite the increase in international rice prices, paddy prices in Myanmar remained low in 2008 due
to domestic market and trade barriers. These low prices, combined with the rising cost of fertilizer and
other major inputs, have significantly reduced farmers? incentives profits, and may have negatively
impacted agricultural productivity and the country?s agricultural exports.
• The Mission received reports of high levels of malnutrition in northern Rakhine State and
recommends that a joint UNICEF and WFP food security and nutrition survey be conducted to verify
these reports and to plan appropriate interventions, if needed.
• In areas with high percentages of food insecure and vulnerable populations, defined as people living
below the food poverty line, baseline surveys are required to measure food security, vulnerability, and
nutrition, and plan appropriate interventions. Chin and Rakhine States are of the highest priority for
baseline surveys.
• There are more than 5 million people below the food poverty line in Myanmar. States/divisions which
the Mission found to be a priority for emergency food assistance are: cyclone-affected areas of
Ayeyarwady Division (85 000 tonnes); Chin State (23 000 tonnes), particularly those areas affected
by the rat infestation; Rakhine State (15 000 tonnes), particularly the north of the State; Kachin State
(8 300 tonnes); north Shan State (20 200 tonnes); east Shan State (7 000 tonnes); and Magwe
Division (27 500 tonnes). Most of the food commodities can be procured locally, with only a limited
requirement for imported food aid.
• The Mission recommends the following agricultural assistance in cyclone-affected Ayeyarwady and
Yangon Divisions: distribution of seeds for the coming summer and next monsoon planting seasons;
distribution of draught animals adapted to local climatic conditions; distribution of other livestock for
increased meat availability; distribution of hand tractors with training on their usage and maintenance;
distribution of fishing equipment; re-establishment of ice production plants; and training in
boat-building, net-making and on drafting of fishery laws.
• The Mission recommends the following actions in regard to national food policies: set up a market
information and food security warning system; develop balanced food production and trade policies
for both producers and consumers; remove domestic market/trade barriers; and improve market
integration.
Cheng Fang, Maung Mar, Aye Mon, Thanda Kyi, Bernard Cartella, Jan Delbaere, Michael Sheinkman, Nang Seng Aye, Aaron Charlop-Powers, Siddharth Krishnaswamy, Raul Varela
Date of entry/update:
2010-09-22
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Cyclone Nargis: Individual documents, WFP (World Food Programme), Food Security in Burma/Myanmar - web searches, specialised groups, reports and statistics
Language:
English
more
Source/publisher:
Archibald Constable & Co.
Date of publication:
1893-00-00
Description:
First published: 1833....CONTENTS: INTRODUCTION;
LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL WORKS REFERRED TO;
PREFACE BY MR. JARDINE;
PREFACE BY CARDINAL WISEMAN;
DESCRIPTION OF THE BURMESE EMPIRE...
BURMESE COSMOGRAPHY:
I. Of the Measures and Divisions of Time commonly used in
the Sacred Burmese Books;
II. Of the World and its Parts;
III. Of the Beings that live in this World, of their Felicity or
Misery, and of the Duration of their Life;
IV. Of the States of Punishment;
V. Of the Destruction and Reproduction of the World;
VI. Of the Inhabitants of the Burmese Empire....
BURMESE HISTORY:
VII. Origin of the Burmese Nation and Monarchy;
VIII. Abridgment of the Burmese Annals, called Maharazven;
IX. Of the present Royal Family, and of the Principal Events
that have taken place under the Reigning Dynasty....
CONSTITUTION OF THE BURMESE EMPIRE:
X. Of the Emperor, and of his White Elephants;
XI. Officers of State and of the Household, Tribunals, and
Administration of Justice;
XII. Revenue and Taxes;
XIII. Army and Military Discipline....
RELIGION OF THE BURMESE:
XIV. The Laws of Godama;
XV. Of the Talapoins;
XVI. The Sermons of Godama;
XVII. Superstitions of the Burmese....
MORAL AND PHYSICAL CONSTITUTION OF THE
BURMESE EMPIRE:
XVIII. Character of the Burmese;
XIX. Manners and Customs of the Burmese;
XX. Literature and Sciences of the Burmese;
XXI. Natural Productions of the Burmese Empire;
XXII. Calendar of the Burmese. Climate and Seasons of the
Burmese Empire;
XXIII. Of the Currency and Commerce of the Burmese Empire....
BURMESE CODE:
XXIV. Abstract of the Burmese Code entitled Damasat; or the
Golden Rule
Father Vincenzo Sangermano
Date of entry/update:
2010-09-21
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Memoirs and accounts of Burma by missionaries, Buddhism in Burma - general, Legal history and philosophy of Burma (texts and commentary)
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
5.97 MB
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Source/publisher:
Parliamentary Papers, Vol. 36
Date of publication:
1852-06-04
Description:
Presented to both Houses of Parliament by Her Majesty?s Command.
June 4, 1852......LIST OF PAPERS (enclosures not listed here):
No. 1.
Letter from the President of the Council of India in Council to the Secret Committee of the Court of Directors of the East India Company (No. 8):
Thirty-seven Inclosures:
......
The President of the Council of India in Council to the Secret
Committee (No. 1):
Twenty Inclosures.....
3. The President of the Council of India in Council to the Secret Com-
mittee .. .. .. .. .. (No. 2)
Seventeen Inclosures......
4. The Governor-General of India to the Secret Committee.....
5. The Governor-General of India in Council to the Secret Com-
mittee (No.3.):
Six Inclosures.....
6. The Governor-General in Council to the Secret Committee (No. 4.)
Thirty Inclosures.....
7. The Governor-General in Council to the Secret Committee (No. 8):
Nine Inclosures.....
8. The Governor-General in Council to the Secret Committee . (No. 14)
Five Inclosures.....
Treaty with the King of Ava, signed at Yandaboo, February 24, 1826
Commercial Treaty with Ava
Date of entry/update:
2010-09-16
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
3.06 MB
Local URL:
Hostilities_with_Burmah-papers.pdf
Hostilities_with_Burmah-papers.pdf more
Source/publisher:
Smith, Elder & Co.
Date of publication:
1858-00-00
Description:
CONTENTS:
I. JOURNAL OF THE MISSION FROM THE BRITISH FRONTIER TO PAGAN-MYO...
II THE REMAINS AT PAGAN...
III. JOURNAL FROM PAGAN TO THE CAPITAL...
IV. OUR RESIDENCE AT THE CAPITAL...
V. THE CITY OF AMARAPOORA...
VI. EXCURSIONS IN THE ENVIRONS OF THE CAPITAL...
VII. RETURN OF THE MISSION FROM THE CAPITAL TO RANGOON...
VIII. NOTES ON THE INTERCOURSE OF THE BURMESE COUNTRIES WITH WESTERN NATIONS UP TO
THE PEACE OF YANDABO...
IX. NOTICES OF THE HISTORY OF BURMA FROM THE PEACE OF YANDABO (1826) TO THE
REVOLUTION OF 1853...
X. SOME ACCOUNT OF THE RELIGION OF THE BURMESE...
XI. THE MINISTERS OF STATE --MILITARY AFFAIRS -- REVENUES AND CURRENCY...
XII. ON THE MAP OF BURMAH -- DESCRIPTIVE GEOGRAPHY -- AND POPULATION...
XIII. THE SHAN STATES TRIBUTARY TO BURMA.....
APPENDIX.
A. NOTES ON THE GEOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE BANKS OF THE IRAWADI, AND OF THE
COUNTRY NORTH OF AMARAPOORA...
B. FROM APPENDIX B. TO THE MS. JOURNAL OF MAJOR H. BURNEY, RESIDENT AT AVA,
ACCOMPANYING A LETTER DATED 11TH SEPTEMBER, 1830, IN THE FOREIGN OFFICE,
CALCUTTA...
C. TRANSLATION OF THE BURMESE HYMN CHANTED BY THE BRAHMINS ...
D. LETTER FROM THE GOVERNOR-GENERAL TO THE KING OF AVA...
E. THE KING?S LETTER TO THE GOVERNOR-GENERAL...
F. ON THE PLAN OF BURMESE MONASTERIES...
G. ON THE SOURCES OF THE IRAWADI...
H. DETAIL OF IMPORTS AND EXPORTS...
I. SPECIMENS OF THE REIGNING KING?S EDICTS...
J. SPECIMEN OF A BURMESE DRAMA (MAJOR PHAYRE)...
K. THE MISSION OF GERARD VAN WUSTHOF TO THE KING OF THE LAOS...
L. NOTE ON THE AFFINITIES OF THE INDIAN AND BURMESE STYLES OF ARCHITECTURE.
BY JAMES FERGGSSON, ESQ...
M. ON THE LANGUAGES SPOKEN IN BURMA AND THE ADJACENT COUNTRIES......THIS IS NOT A PERFECT SCAN...SOME BLANK PAGES AND COVERS HAVE BEEN DELETED FOR THE ELECTRONIC VERSION. SEE ALTERNATE URL FOR THESE PAGES.
Captain Henry Yule
Date of entry/update:
2010-09-16
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
6.5 MB
Local URL:
Yule-2-op.pdf
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Source/publisher:
Karen Human Rights Group (KHRG #2010-C1)
Date of publication:
2010-09-06
Description:
"Eighteen years of KHRG field research indicates that regular extractive abuses by the SPDC Army and
NSAGs threaten local livelihoods and are a fundamental human rights concern for villagers throughout
eastern Burma. These abuses appear to be the product of the established SPDC Army and NSAG
practice of supporting military units via extraction of significant material and labour resources from the
local civilian population, enforced by implicit or explicit threats of violence. These findings were recently
affirmed by ND-Burma, which last week released a report documenting the prevalence and impact of
arbitrary taxation for communities across Burma. This commentary is designed to support ND-Burma?s
report, by offering additional recommendations based upon evidence that civilians have developed and
employed a range of strategies for protecting themselves from extractive abuse or its consequences.
These responses vary between contexts, and have been formulated based on first-hand awareness of
the local dynamics of abuse and potential space for safe response. Seeking to understand, and then
support, these local protection efforts should be the starting point for any external actors interested in
improving human rights conditions in eastern Burma in both the short and long term."
Date of entry/update:
2010-09-08
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Economic oppression, Extortion, Robbery, Armed conflict in Burma - Impact on village life, including health and education
Language:
English
more
Source/publisher:
Network for Human Rights Documentation - Burma (ND Burma)
Date of publication:
2010-09-01
Description:
"The Network for Human Rights Documentation- Burma (ND-Burma) released its first report, "We have to give them so much that our stomachs are empty of food: The Hidden Impact of Burma?s Arbitrary and Corrupt Taxation." Based on 342 interviews, the report reveals how widespread, arbitrary taxation damages the country?s economy, exacerbates poverty, and contributes to the ongoing and systematic violation of the people?s most basic right to an adequate standard of living, housing, and education.
ND-Burma?s report reveals how the Burma?s ruling military regime, the State Peace and Development Council (SPDC), and its supporting agencies are responsible for this repressive taxation system which includes the appropriation of non-monetary assets including the arbitrary confiscation of land, property and forced labor, indicating serious breaches of international laws.
While the majority of the people of Burma live in abject poverty, the regime spends a paltry (CIA) 1.3% of GDP on health and education, and Burma is the only country in the region whose military budget is greater than that of health and education combined.
ND Burma?s research revealed that households and businesses are excessively taxed leaving more and more people struggling to survive. Not only is taxation excessive but the poor administration of the system means that households and businesses do not know when taxes have to be paid and the size of their tax liabilities. This is coupled with a system of government expenditure that is not directed towards the needs of Burma?s population, instead resources are allocated to a bloated military and economically wasteful and expensive infrastructure projects.
A villager from Mon State describes the burden of taxation, ?On average, we villagers have to provide military government organizations with more than 10,000 Kyat a month (about 10 USD). Even though we have no food to eat, we still have to pay them. At the hands of the SPDC we have to work harder but we still have not enough food for our families.? "
Date of entry/update:
2010-08-31
Type:
Individual Documents
Category:
Economic oppression, Extortion, Robbery, Taxation
Language:
English, Burmese
Format :
pdf
Size:
4.16 MB
Local URL:
NDD_tax-report_en.pdf
NDD_tax-report_en.pdf more
Source/publisher:
Chatham House
Date of publication:
2009-11-23
Description:
Summary: "Ethnic conflict in Burma pre-dates independence. With
preparations for the 2010 elections underway, there is a need for
a renewed focus on the complex political and ethnic divisions
within the country. Whilst many do not believe that the election
will be a true reflection of the people?s wishes, there are areas in
which the junta have made political and peaceful gains. Critics of
the regime, however, believe that the election will only further the
government?s hardline stance towards dissenting groups.
· Despite on-going conflicts, 18 armed ceasefires have been
agreed. The ceasefires have allowed for improvements but have
created new problems in Burma?s border areas. However, these
agreements serve as potential models for wider peace
agreements and reconciliation.
· In the autumn of 2009 some of the ceasefires broke down and
there was renewed instability on the Burma China border as
clashes broke out between the Kokang and the Tatmadaw
(Burmese armed forces) resulting in refugees fleeing to China.
· The Tatmadaw (the Burmese military) is trying to force ethnic
minority militias to become a border guard force prior to the 2010
elections. This is being resisted by a number of ethnic militia
groups such as the Kachin and the Wa. However any further
break down of these ceasefire agreements will bring renewed
instability to Burma.
· Involvement and pressure from Burma?s allies and critics have
had little noticeable effect on conflict resolution as the drivers of
the ethnic conflict are ultimately internal."
Dr Marie Lall
Date of entry/update:
2010-08-29
Type:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
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