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Title: Forgotten Workforce: Experiences of women migrants from Burma in Ruili, China (English)
Source/publisher: Burmese Women?s Union (BWU)
Date of publication: 2012-02-00
Description: Executive Summary: "Burma?s continuing political repression and economic deterioration, coupled with China?s rapid growth, have caused a new phenomenon over the past few years: large-scale northward migration from Burma to China. The Yunnanese border town of Ruili (called Shweli in Burmese) has seen an estimated tenfold increase in the number of migrants from Burma since 2006, with numbers now exceeding 100,000. Formerly mainly employed in the jade, transport and sex industries, migrants are now working in a range of sectors, including domestic work, restaurants and hotels, sales, construction and manufacturing industries. Migrants are arriving from all parts of central and eastern Burma, particularly from the central dry zone, where continuing drought has deprived farmers of their traditional livelihoods. In Sagaing and Magwe, whole villages are draining of young people coming to find work in China. A large proportion of the migrants are women. During 2010 the Burmese Women?s Union (BWU) conducted in-depth interviews with 32 of these women from various work sectors. Most were from Burma?s central divisions. About half were high school graduates, and some had even graduated from university, but none had been able to find jobs inside Burma. The migrant women interviewed by BWU in Ruili revealed persistent patterns of work exploitation, occupational health and safety hazards and mistreatment by employers throughout different work sectors. A particularly dangerous kind of work being carried out by migrant women in Ruili is processing of petrified wood, imported from Mandalay Division and sold as highly valued home ornaments throughout China. In hundreds of small workshops, women are paid a pittance to sit for long hours sanding and polishing wood, using hazardous electric equipment and chemical solvents, without protective clothing or health insurance. On top of general exploitative work conditions, women also face gender discrimination, receiving lower pay than men in most sectors, no maternity leave and benefits, and suffering sexual harassment from employers. Health and safety risks are particularly high for the several hundred Burmese women working in the sex industry in Ruili and Jiegao, who are often forced to have unprotected sex, and face violence from clients, especially those who are drug users There are no existing mechanisms for foreign migrant workers to seek redress for cases of exploitation and infringement of their rights. They also forbidden from organising any workers? committees or unions. This has occasionally caused workers? pent-up resentment to erupt into violence against employers. There are no signs that the migration from Burma will ease in the foreseeable future. Burma?s November 2010 elections were neither free nor fair, and power remains constitutionally firmly in the hands of the military, which continues to receive the lion?s share of the national budget, while health and education needs remain critically underfunded. During 2011 the Burma Army has launched fierce new offensives against ethnic resistance groups seeking to protect their communities and environment from damaging resource exploitation. The military mismanagement at the root of Burma?s economic woes thus looks sets to continue, together with the outflow of migration to neighbouring countries, including China. Mechanisms to protect the rights of foreign migrant workers and prevent further injustices, particularly against women in China are thus urgently needed.
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-24
Type: Individual Documents
Language: English and Burmese
Format : pdf
Size: 763.62 KB
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Title: Damming at Gunpoint (English)
Source/publisher: Karen Rivers Watch
Date of publication: 2004-11-00
Description: BURMA ARMY ATROCITIES PAVE THE WAY FOR SALWEEN DAMS IN KAREN STATE... "As Thailand proceeds with plans to join Burma?s military regime in building a series of dams on the Salween River to gain ?cheap” electricity, this report reveals the atrocities being inflicted on the people of Northern Karen State to pave the way for two of the planned dams. The Upper Salween (Wei Gyi) Dam and Lower Salween (Dar Gwin) Dam are planned to be built on the river where it forms the border between Thailand?s Mae Hong Son province and Burma?s Karen State. Together they will produce about 5,300 MW of electricity. It is estimated that the reservoir for the Upper Dam will stretch for 380 kilometers inside Karen and Karenni States of Burma. Both dams are located at the eastern edge of Papun district in Karen State. Once a Karen liberated area, during the last decade Papun has been the site of repeated military offensives and anti-insurgency campaigns by the regime?s troops to crush the Karen resistance. Before 1992, there were only ten Burma Army garrisons in Papun district. Today there are fifty-four garrisons, including twelve along the Salween river bank, fortified with heavy artillery. The military campaigns have decimated the local population. 210 villages have been destroyed, and villagers forcibly relocated to 31 relocation sites, where movement has been strictly controlled, and villagers are subject to forced labour and other human rights abuses. Tens of thousands of villagers have fled to Thailand as refugees; others live in hiding in the jungle, where they live in constant fear of being found and tortured or killed. In 1992, there were estimated to be about 107,000 people in Papun district. Now this has been halved to about 54,000, of whom about 35,000, or 60%, are internally displaced in the jungles. The rest have fled to Thailand or other parts of Burma. Out of 85 original villages in the mountainous area of Eastern Papun directly adjoining the planned dam sites, only a quarter remain. Most of the communities who had farmed and traded along the Salween River have fled to Thailand, and many farms in the fertile tributary valleys have been lying fallow for over a decade. Over 5,000 villagers remain hiding in the jungle, facing severe food shortages and health problems. Roads to the planned dam sites have been built using forced labour, and landmines have been planted alongside the roads. There has been no consultation with local communities about the dam plans. If the dams are built, the floodwaters will permanently displace many of the communities currently in hiding or living as refugees in Thailand. The increased military security for the dam sites will also inevitably mean further abuses against local populations. The Salween dams fit into the ongoing strategy of the Burmese military regime to use ?development” projects to gain funding and collusion from neighbouring countries to subjugate ethnic resistance movements, and exploit the natural resources in the ethnic areas. Karen Rivers Watch makes the following recommendations:..."
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-23
Type: Individual Documents
Language: English
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Title: Trade Policies and Trade Mis-reporting in Myanmar
Source/publisher: Institute for Developing Economies (IDE DISCUSSION PAPER No. 326
Date of publication: 2012-02-00
Description: ABSTRACT: While the trade statistics of Myanmar show surpluses for 2007 through 2010, the corresponding statistics of trade partner countries indicate deficits. Such discrepancies in mirror trade statistics are analyzed in connection with the ?export-first and import-second? policy provisioning import permissions on permission applicants possessing a sufficient amount of the export-tax-deducted export earnings. Under this policy, the recorded imports and exports of the private sector have been maintaining equilibrium, whereas discrepancies in the mirror statistics have fluctuated. This suggests that traders adjusted mis-reporting in accordance with the supply and demand of the export earnings"... Keywords: Myanmar, Trade Policies, Mis-invoicing, Smuggling
Creator/author: KUBO Koji
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-23
Type: Individual Documents
Language: English
Format : pdf
Size: 192.53 KB
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Title: Restructuring the State Budget System for Disinflation and Exchange Rate Unification in Myanmar
Source/publisher: Institute for Developing Economies (IDE DISCUSSION PAPER No. 320
Date of publication: 2012-01-00
Description: Abstract: "The installment of a new government has augmented the prospect for implementing disinflation and exchange rate unification in Myanmar. A close look at the state budget shows that the reform of the budget system for state economic enterprises (SEEs) is essential. Reforms need to hold the replacement of controlled prices including the official exchange rate with market prices in SEE operations, and the separation of the SEEs from the state budget. But separating the SEEs from the state budget will necessitate careful planning to cope with SEE bankruptcies which would imposes another fiscal burden on the government. Therefore, economic viability must be a criterion for the continuation oftheir operations."... Keywords: Myanmar, state economic enterprises, disinflation, exchange rate unification
Creator/author: Koji KUBO
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-23
Type: Individual Documents
Language: English
Format : pdf
Size: 258.2 KB
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Title: Forced Migration and Adolescent Reproductive Health
Source/publisher: "Gender Perspectives" (Vol. 3, Issue 2, December 2011) INSTITUTE OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN STUDIES (ISEAS)
Date of publication: 2011-12-00
Description: "This article combines findings from a study on reproductive health in three populations along the Thailand-Burma border and research conducted on adolescent pregnancy in camps for Burmese refugees in Thailand. The data show that adolescents in three populations—communities in eastern Burma (isolated rural villages, conflict-affected areas, and internally displaced person (IDP) areas in eastern Burma), migrant communities and refugee camps in Thailand—face difficulties in gaining access to reproductive health information and services. One key reason for gaps in service is community attitudes towards adolescent sexual health and reproduction. The impact of community attitudes on access to care is most striking in refugee camps, where populations may access camp-based clinics for reproductive health services, and arguably face the fewest structural barriers to access (for example, barriers to access that exist as part of one?s external environment, such as security and freedom of movement)..."
Creator/author: SU-ANN OH AND MARGARET HOBSTETTER
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-23
Type: Individual Documents
Language: English
Format : pdf
Size: 595.68 KB
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Title: Damming at Gunpoint (Karen)
Source/publisher: Karen Rivers Watch
Date of publication: 2004-11-00
Description: BURMA ARMY ATROCITIES PAVE THE WAY FOR SALWEEN DAMS IN KAREN STATE... "As Thailand proceeds with plans to join Burma?s military regime in building a series of dams on the Salween River to gain ?cheap? electricity, this report reveals the atrocities being inflicted on the people of Northern Karen State to pave the way for two of the planned dams. The Upper Salween (Wei Gyi) Dam and Lower Salween (Dar Gwin) Dam are planned to be built on the river where it forms the border between Thailand?s Mae Hong Son province and Burma?s Karen State. Together they will produce about 5,300 MW of electricity. It is estimated that the reservoir for the Upper Dam will stretch for 380 kilometers inside Karen and Karenni States of Burma. Both dams are located at the eastern edge of Papun district in Karen State. Once a Karen liberated area, during the last decade Papun has been the site of repeated military offensives and anti-insurgency campaigns by the regime?s troops to crush the Karen resistance. Before 1992, there were only ten Burma Army garrisons in Papun district. Today there are fifty-four garrisons, including twelve along the Salween river bank, fortified with heavy artillery. The military campaigns have decimated the local population. 210 villages have been destroyed, and villagers forcibly relocated to 31 relocation sites, where movement has been strictly controlled, and villagers are subject to forced labour and other human rights abuses. Tens of thousands of villagers have fled to Thailand as refugees; others live in hiding in the jungle, where they live in constant fear of being found and tortured or killed. In 1992, there were estimated to be about 107,000 people in Papun district. Now this has been halved to about 54,000, of whom about 35,000, or 60%, are internally displaced in the jungles. The rest have fled to Thailand or other parts of Burma. Out of 85 original villages in the mountainous area of Eastern Papun directly adjoining the planned dam sites, only a quarter remain. Most of the communities who had farmed and traded along the Salween River have fled to Thailand, and many farms in the fertile tributary valleys have been lying fallow for over a decade. Over 5,000 villagers remain hiding in the jungle, facing severe food shortages and health problems. Roads to the planned dam sites have been built using forced labour, and landmines have been planted alongside the roads. There has been no consultation with local communities about the dam plans. If the dams are built, the floodwaters will permanently displace many of the communities currently in hiding or living as refugees in Thailand. The increased military security for the dam sites will also inevitably mean further abuses against local populations. The Salween dams fit into the ongoing strategy of the Burmese military regime to use ?development? projects to gain funding and collusion from neighbouring countries to subjugate ethnic resistance movements, and exploit the natural resources in the ethnic areas. Karen Rivers Watch makes the following recommendations:..."
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-23
Type: Individual Documents
Language: Karen
Format : pdf
Size: 1.51 MB
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Title: Damming at Gunpoint (Burmese)
Source/publisher: Karen Rivers Watch
Date of publication: 2004-11-00
Description: BURMA ARMY ATROCITIES PAVE THE WAY FOR SALWEEN DAMS IN KAREN STATE... "As Thailand proceeds with plans to join Burma?s military regime in building a series of dams on the Salween River to gain ?cheap? electricity, this report reveals the atrocities being inflicted on the people of Northern Karen State to pave the way for two of the planned dams. The Upper Salween (Wei Gyi) Dam and Lower Salween (Dar Gwin) Dam are planned to be built on the river where it forms the border between Thailand?s Mae Hong Son province and Burma?s Karen State. Together they will produce about 5,300 MW of electricity. It is estimated that the reservoir for the Upper Dam will stretch for 380 kilometers inside Karen and Karenni States of Burma. Both dams are located at the eastern edge of Papun district in Karen State. Once a Karen liberated area, during the last decade Papun has been the site of repeated military offensives and anti-insurgency campaigns by the regime?s troops to crush the Karen resistance. Before 1992, there were only ten Burma Army garrisons in Papun district. Today there are fifty-four garrisons, including twelve along the Salween river bank, fortified with heavy artillery. The military campaigns have decimated the local population. 210 villages have been destroyed, and villagers forcibly relocated to 31 relocation sites, where movement has been strictly controlled, and villagers are subject to forced labour and other human rights abuses. Tens of thousands of villagers have fled to Thailand as refugees; others live in hiding in the jungle, where they live in constant fear of being found and tortured or killed. In 1992, there were estimated to be about 107,000 people in Papun district. Now this has been halved to about 54,000, of whom about 35,000, or 60%, are internally displaced in the jungles. The rest have fled to Thailand or other parts of Burma. Out of 85 original villages in the mountainous area of Eastern Papun directly adjoining the planned dam sites, only a quarter remain. Most of the communities who had farmed and traded along the Salween River have fled to Thailand, and many farms in the fertile tributary valleys have been lying fallow for over a decade. Over 5,000 villagers remain hiding in the jungle, facing severe food shortages and health problems. Roads to the planned dam sites have been built using forced labour, and landmines have been planted alongside the roads. There has been no consultation with local communities about the dam plans. If the dams are built, the floodwaters will permanently displace many of the communities currently in hiding or living as refugees in Thailand. The increased military security for the dam sites will also inevitably mean further abuses against local populations. The Salween dams fit into the ongoing strategy of the Burmese military regime to use ?development? projects to gain funding and collusion from neighbouring countries to subjugate ethnic resistance movements, and exploit the natural resources in the ethnic areas. Karen Rivers Watch makes the following recommendations:..."
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-23
Type: Individual Documents
Language: Burmese
Format : pdf
Size: 1.43 MB
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Title: Financing Dispossession - China?s Opium Substitution Programme in Northern Burma
Source/publisher: Transnational Institute (TNI)
Date of publication: 2012-02-00
Description: "Northern Burma?s borderlands have undergone dramatic changes in the last two decades. Three main and interconnected developments are simultaneously taking place in Shan State and Kachin State: (1) the increase in opium cultivation in Burma since 2006 after a decade of steady decline; (2) the increase at about the same time in Chinese agricultural investments in northern Burma under China?s opium substitution programme, especially in rubber; and (3) the related increase in dispossession of local communities? land and livelihoods in Burma?s northern borderlands. The vast majority of the opium and heroin on the Chinese market originates from northern Burma. Apart from attempting to address domestic consumption problems, the Chinese government also has created a poppy substitution development programme, and has been actively promoting Chinese companies to take part, offering subsidies, tax waivers, and import quotas for Chinese companies. The main benefits of these programmes do not go to (ex-)poppy growing communities, but to Chinese businessmen and local authorities, and have further marginalised these communities. Serious concerns arise regarding the long-term economic benefits and costs of agricultural development— mostly rubber—for poor upland villagers. Economic benefits derived from rubber development are very limited. Without access to capital and land to invest in rubber concessions, upland farmers practicing swidden cultivation (many of whom are (ex-) poppy growers) are left with few alternatives but to try to get work as wage labourers on the agricultural concessions. Land tenure and other related resource management issues are vital ingredients for local communities to build licit and sustainable livelihoods. Investment-induced land dispossession has wide implications for drug production and trade, as well as border stability. Investments related to opium substitution should be carried out in a more sustainable, transparent, accountable and equitable fashion. Customary land rights and institutions should be respected. Chinese investors should use a smallholder plantation model instead of confiscating farmers land as a concession. Labourers from the local population should be hired rather than outside migrants in order to funnel economic benefits into nearby communities. China?s opium crop substitution programme has very little to do with providing mechanisms to decrease reliance on poppy cultivation or provide alternative livelihoods for ex-poppy growers. Chinese authorities need to reconsider their regional development strategies of implementation in order to avoid further border conflict and growing antagonism from Burmese society. Financing dispossession is not development."
Creator/author: Tom Kramer & Kevin Woods
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-23
Type: Individual Documents
Language: English
Format : pdf
Size: 2.67 MB
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Title: Ending Burma?s Conflict Cycle? Prospects for Ethnic Peace
Source/publisher: Transnational Institute, Burma Centrum Nederland (Burma Policy Briefing Nr 8)
Date of publication: 2012-02-00
Description: Conclusions and Recommendations: * The new cease-fire talks initiated by the Thein Sein government are a significant break with the failed ethnic policies of the past and should be welcomed. However, the legacy of decades of war and oppression has created deep mistrust among different ethnic nationality communities, and ethnic conflict cannot be solved overnight. * A halt to all offensive military operations and human rights abuses against local civilians must be introduced and maintained. * The government has promised ethnic peace talks at the national level, but has yet to provide details on the process or set out a timetable. In order to end the conflict and to achieve true ethnic peace, the current talks must move beyond simply establishing new cease-fires. * It is vital that the process towards ethnic peace and justice is sustained by political dialogue at the national level, and that key ethnic grievances and aspirations are addressed. * There are concerns about economic development in the conflict zones and ethnic borderlands as a follow-up to the peace agreements, as events and models in the past caused damage to the environment and local livelihoods, generating further grievances. Failures from the past must be identified and addressed. * Peace must be understood as an overarching national issue, which concerns citizens of all ethnic groups in the country, including the Burman majority.
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-21
Type: Individual Documents
Language: English
Format : pdf
Size: 271.5 KB
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Title: THE CHALLENGES OF ETHNIC POLITICS AND NEGOTIATED SETTLEMENT (English)
Source/publisher: Burma Centre for Ethnic Studies (Analysis Paper No. 2)
Date of publication: 2012-02-00
Description: "The root cause of political crisis in Burma is not only ideological confrontation between democracy and a military dictatorship, but ethnic problems rooted in the failure to implement the Panglong Agreement in 1947. Since independence, however, ethnic problems, including over sixty years of armed conflict and civil war, have long been neglected and ignored by successive governments of the Union of Burma. Only recently, the Burman/Myanmar politicians from three different camps: the President, the ousted former military regime Prime Minister General Khin Nyunt, and democracy icon Daw Aung San Suu Kyi have expressed in unison that ethnic conflict is the major issue that today?s Burma faces..."
Creator/author: Lian H. Sakhong
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-21
Type: Individual Documents
Language: English (Burmese, Alternate URL)
Format : pdf pdf
Size: 218.06 KB 129.02 KB
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Title: Education in Transition: A Preliminary Study of Capacity Development for Civil Society Actors in Burma/Myanmar
Source/publisher: Institute for Human Rights and Peace Studies, Mahidol University
Date of publication: 2012-02-21
Description: "Burma/Myanmar is currently in a transition with important ramifications for capacity development efforts. The present preliminary study explores some of the critical issues at stake for capacity development activities in order to better understand how the field as a whole can continue to undertake effective trainings and evolve to adapt to current trends. Of particular interest to the researchers is the question of how to teach human rights and social sciences in complex settings such as in Burma/Myanmar and how this field may evolve. The preliminary research has two research interests: contemporary issues of concern in capacity development which need to be addressed by the current stakeholders; and the interaction between the stakeholders within the capacity development network (including Burma/Myanmar participants, Burma/Myanmar organizations, universities, Thai based organizations, political groups, and so on). As a preliminary study, this report seeks to give some first impressions of the current situation of the capacity development field during a period of change in Burma/Myanmar. This research does not attempt to quantify the field or undertake a mapping of it. Rather, the preliminary study intends to draw out issues and concerns expressed by stakeholders in capacity development which can guide future directions of activity, development, and research. The capacity development field is large, yet there has been limited analysis of how this field works and few studies of how stakeholders adapt to current changes. This report wishes to contribute to the understanding of capacity development in the field of human rights and social sciences in three specific ways: • Understanding how and why young Myanmar people get involved in civil society activities. • Understanding how the capacity development field is structured and how it operates. • Understanding what organizational and quality concerns capacity development organizations should be addressing..."
Creator/author: Camilla Buzzi, Mike Hayes, Matthew Mullen
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-21
Type: Individual Documents
Language: English
Format : pdf
Size: 404.07 KB
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Title: Private Sector and Humanitarian Relief in Myanmar
Source/publisher: Trocaire
Date of publication: 2011-10-00
Description: A study of recent practices of business engagement in humanitarian relief to assess the potential, modalities and areas for future cooperation
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-17
Type: Individual Documents
Language: English
Format : pdf
Size: 536.75 KB
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Title: People in Need (Gerhard Baumgard Stiftung)
Source/publisher: People in Need
Description: "A charitable foundation to help people in need... People In Need - Gerhard Baumgard Stiftung - (PIN) is a non-profit, charitable organization to help socially disadvantaged persons to cope with difficult situations in life and improve their livelihood...  Our main focus is to support education, development and training of orphans and poor children and youth in Myanmar (Burma)... Other projects in Myanmar include support for: HIV/AIDS patients; Leprosy villages; Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) as a result of civil war or natural disasters... About us: We are volunteers and we work through local non-governmental and non-profit organizations such as Christian Churches and Buddhist monks, and local charities..."
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-17
Type: Websites/Multiple Documents
Language: English
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Title: Myanmar: Displacement in Kachin State - 28 December 2011
Source/publisher: UN OCHA
Date of publication: 2011-12-28
Description: HIGHLIGHTS/KEY PRIORITIES: • Displacement and humanitarian needs continue to increase. The urgent needs include shelter, NFIs, WASH, vaccines and psychosocial support, among others... • The UN team visited Laiza and provided NFI assistance to IDPs. Advocacy for follow up missions across all affected areas continues
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-17
Type: Individual Documents
Language: English
Format : pdf
Size: 329.39 KB
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Title: Humanitarian Situation and Response Plan in Kachin - 13 December 2011
Source/publisher: UN OCHA
Date of publication: 2011-12-13
Description: CURRENT SITUATION: "Instability in Kachin and Shan States restarted in early June 2011 and resulted in the displacement of populations, loss of lives and livelihoods and dam-ages to infrastructure. Following a Government invi-tation, an inter-agency rapid needs assessment was conducted from 20-26 September in 39 locations in some IDPs sites (camps, host families, public build-ings) of five townships (Bhamo, Momauk, Myitky-ina, Khaunglanhpu and Waingmaw) targeting 5,925 IDPs. Two townships Mansi and Shwegu could not be assessed due to security concerns. Of the as-sessed beneficiaries, some 4% were vulnerable, be-sides there were 56% children under 18 years of age, 17% of children under 5 and 12.5% female or child headed IDP families. Although figures of displaced population continue to fluctuate and are reportedly increasing on a daily basis, it is currently estimated that between 35,000 and 40,000 IDPs may have left their homes and sought refuge in camps, with friends and relatives or into the forest across the affected region. As an indication of the rapidly increasing caseload, accord-ing to the Kachin State authorities, between Sep-tember and the end of November 2011, the number of IDPs living in Myitkyina, Waingmaw, Bhamo, Mansi, Momauk and Shwegu has increased from 5,900 to 10,000 IDPs. Across all affected areas, available –albeit not independently verified - infor-mation indicate that, in the same period, the num-ber of displaced passed from 20,000 to 35-40,000 persons..."
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-17
Type: Individual Documents
Language: English
Format : pdf
Size: 765.05 KB
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Title: Myanmar - Monthly Humanitarian Update. Issue: December 2011 / January 2012
Source/publisher: UN OCHA
Date of publication: 2012-01-00
Description: Key Developments: • Displacement and humanitarian needs continue to increase in Kachin State due to continued instability. A UN team visited Laiza in Kachin State and provided household family kits to IDPs... • Serious concern over southern Chin State Food insecurity.
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-17
Type: Individual Documents
Language: English
Format : pdf
Size: 3.43 MB
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Title: Myanmar: Displacement in Kachin State - Humanitarian Update No. 1
Source/publisher: UN OCHA
Date of publication: 2011-10-26
Description: • The instability in Kachin State that started in early June 2011 has resulted in the displacement of populations, loss of livelihoods and damages to infrastructure... • The recently-completed joint assessment in 39 locations in Kachin State reveals urgent needs in several sectors, including food, education, shelter, health, NFIs and water and sanitation... • Access and delivery of assistance remain challenging
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-17
Type: Individual Documents
Language: English
Format : pdf
Size: 218.18 KB
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Title: Community Agriculture and Nutrition - Handbook (Burmese)
Source/publisher: Community Agriculture Nutrition (CAN)
Date of publication: 2007-00-00
Description: This Handbook is designed for both farmers and students to use in the field and during training. It is divided into eight sections, each one containing several topics and all illustrated with large clear pictures. The Handbook can be read from beginning to end or each topic can be read separately. Space is provided for readers to take notes and to add their own local knowledge...Our people have always been farmers. Farmers of the river lands, of the mountains, and of the forests. Due to civil war in Burma, more and more of us have migrated from our native lands and many now live in refugee camps along the Thai-Burmese border. The Royal Thai Government, its citizens, and non-government organisations have been very generous in their support to us. We have food, shelter, health care and education, and for this we are very thankful. But while we have been living in refugee camps we have slowly been losing our heritage, our wisdom, and our ways. For our children, rice comes from a warehouse, not grown on our own land by our own hands. In 1999, I asked the organisations that were already supporting us if they could help me look for ways to teach our children about agriculture and to help us live more self-sufficiently. The result of this is now called the CAN Project (Community Agriculture and Nutrition). This Handbook is the latest step in its ongoing development over 7 years with refugees and internally displaced people along the Thai-Burma border. There are many good books and resources on sustainable agriculture and we have learnt much from them. However refugees are constrained in their agricultural practices due to limited access to land, water and other resources. This Handbook attempts to present a summary of simple adaptations of ideas found in other books, manuals and resources on sustainable agriculture. This Handbook is not a textbook as such, but a compilation of different subjects for people to pick and choose. We know that it is not complete and I would ask anyone with ideas or suggestions to forward them so we can keep on learning. In the year 2000 I wrote a draft CAN Handbook. Then Jacob Thomson and I wrote the first CAN curriculum in 2001. Since then it has been used in training with nearly 5,000 school children, teachers, villagers, and staff of community-based and non-government organisations. Needless to say, since the first curriculum was drafted, we have had many experiences, learnt many lessons and made many changes.
Creator/author: David Saw Wah
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-16
Type: Individual Documents
Language: Burmese
Format : pdf
Size: 3.33 MB
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Title: Separated by Borders: United By Need, An Assessment of Reproductive Health on the Thai-Burma Border (English)
Source/publisher: Ibis Reproductive Health (Ibis), Global Health Access Program (GHAP)
Date of publication: 2012-02-06
Description: A needs assessment of reproductive health on the Thailand-Burma border...According to Dr. Angel Foster, DPhil, MD, of Ibis Reproductive Health and the University of Ottawa, ?Our report finds that millions of Burmese and ethnic minorities both inside Burma and along the Thai border have limited or no access to family planning, safe abortion, and general reproductive health care. The toll on women has been particularly severe. Negative effects include high numbers of unplanned pregnancies — and, consequently, high rates of maternal mortality and unsafe abortions. In fact, post-partum hemorrhage and unsafe abortion are the leading causes of maternal death and injury.? The absence of health care infrastructure inside eastern Burma, as well as for those Burmese living illegally as migrants in Thailand, has produced a kind of reproductive health ?perfect storm.? Notes Foster, ?Since denial of health care has been an official policy of the Burmese military in ethnic areas, women and men, especially adolescents, know little about family planning practices and voluntary sterilization.? Other key findings: Despite the fact that rape and sexual violence are extensive problems within both the conflict zones of eastern Burma and in migrant communities in Thailand, the few health workers that do exist generally lack the knowledge and supplies to dispense critical medicines like emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs), which can prevent pregnancy after sexual assault. Even within refugee camps inside Thailand, leaders and organizations working there often adopt policies that prevent unmarried people from accessing family planning information or supplies. Finally, abortion is illegal in Burma unless a woman?s life is at risk and restricted in Thailand. Lack of legal access combined with a lack of trained providers are fundamental causes of morbidity and mortality from abortion. ?Our hope is that the new Burmese government will someday make it possible for more organizations to provide aid and resources to the people in eastern Burma where outside groups are currently banned,? said Cari Sietstra, JD, a consultant at Ibis. ?The time has come to rebuild the health and human rights of the millions of men, women, and children affected by this conflict.?... Due to an ongoing sixty-year civil war that has subjected civilian populations to forced labor, extrajudicial killings, rape, displacement, imprisonment, denial of health care and education, and destruction of food supplies, the reproductive health of Burmese populations on both sides of the Thai-Burma border is marked by high levels of unmet needs. Reproductive health indicators throughout the region demonstrate a lack of access to family planning resources, including sexual and reproductive health information, low levels of contraceptive access, and high rates of unplanned pregnancy, maternal mortality, and harm from unsafe abortion. Unsafe abortion is a leading cause of maternal mortality for Burmese populations on both sides the Thailand-Burma border.
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-15
Type: Individual Documents
Language: English (full text); Karen, Burmese, Thai (summary and findings)
Format : pdf
Size: 2.83 MB
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Title: Against the Odds: Helping Mothers and Babies Survive in Eastern Burma
Source/publisher: The Mobile Obstetric Maternal Health Workers (MOM)
Date of publication: 2011-11-00
Description: Technical support provided by the Global Health Access Program (the health branch of Community Partners International), and the Center for Public Health and Human Rights, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health....."Over the last decade, militarization and the destruction of community infrastructure have escalated in eastern Burma. The government does not provide health care for the displaced population, which is targeted for abuse, with food and health facilities, documents and supplies destroyed. We have a high prevalence of malaria in eastern Burma, which causes low birth weight, and sometimes miscarriage. If not properly cared for, pregnant women suffer high maternal, and high neo-?‐natal death. There is high mortality in children under age five. And there is a lack of family planning services. Before the Mobile Obstetric Maternal Health Workers (MOM) Project, our community-?‐based organizations utilized every opportunity to improve access to maternal and child health care and education for these vulnerable displaced populations. There were many successes, but it was far from enough. We needed to increase health worker capacity, improve access and the referral system, and most of all, to address the shortage in life-?‐saving emergency care. What the MOM Project brought was a focus on mobile health care, a way to address obstetric emergencies and training of local health workers, even in displaced populations. Through the MOM Project, we helped empower individuals and the community. The MOM Project could not get rid of maternal, or neonatal and infant death. But by equipping people and communities with knowledge and skills, it has saved countless lives. Significantly, the MOM Project played a role in fulfilling the basic right to reproductive health and building a human rights-?‐based approach to health in eastern Burma. Health and human rights cannot be separated. People have the right to access health information and essential health services. Families have the right to stay together and organize as a community. A rights-?‐based approach encourages looking at the bigger picture, at integrating health into the broader system of civil society. This is the critical issue — strengthening our civic foundation to save the lives of mothers and children, and build healthy families and communities." - Dr. Cynthia Maung
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-15
Type: Individual Documents
Language: English
Format : pdf
Size: 2.52 MB
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Title: Committee on the Rights of the Child: Myanmar: Concluding Observations 2012
Source/publisher: United Nations (CRC/C/MMR/CO/3-4)
Date of publication: 2012-02-03
Description: ADVANCE UNEDITED VERSION...Substantial set of conclusions and recommendations in 100 paragraphs (25 pages)
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-14
Type: Individual Documents
Language: English
Format : pdf
Size: 165.33 KB
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Title: Accessible Alternatives: Ethnic Communities? Contribution to Social Development and Environmental Conservation in Burma (Burmese မြန်မာဘာသာ)
Source/publisher: Burma Environmental Working Group (BEWG)
Date of publication: 2009-09-00
Description: မြန်မာနိုင်ငံသဘာဝပတ်ဝန်းကျင်အလုပ်အဖွဲ့ (စက်တင်ဘာ ၂ဝဝ၉)...မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ သဘာဝပတ်ဝန်းကျင် အလုပ်အဖွဲ့ (BEWG) အကြောင်း? အစီရင်ခံစာ အကျဉ်းချုပ်? နေရာအမည်များနှင့် ငွေကြေး အခေါ်အဝေါ်မှတ်စုများ ? မြန်မာနိုင်ငံမြေပုံနှင့် ဖြစ်ရပ်မှန်လေ့လာမှုဒေသများ ? နိဒါန်း ? ရခိုင်ပြည်နယ်? မြေလှန်ပစ်ခြင်း။ ဒီရေတောများ ဖျက်ဆီး ပစ်ခြင်းနှင့် ဒေသခံကမ်းရိုးတမ်း လူမှု အသိုက်အဝန်းများ အပေါ် သက်ရောက် မှုများ။ သဘာဝပတ်ဝန်းကျင်နှင့် စီးပွားရေးဖွံဖြိုး တိုးတက်မှု လုပ်ငန်းကွန်ယက် (NEED-Burma)? တရုတ် ရေနံရှာဖွေ တူးဖော်ခြင်း ခြိမ်းခြောက်မှုကို ခံနေ ရသော မိရိုးဖလာ ရေနံတွင်းတူးသူများ? အာရ်ရကန် ရေနံစောင့်ကြည့် လေ့လာရေးအဖွဲ့ (AOW)? ကချင်ပြည်နယ် ကချင် ရိုးရာ တိုင်းရင်းဆေး လုပ်ငန်း အစီအစဉ်၊ သဘာဝပတ်ဝန်းကျင် ထိန်း သိမ်းခြင်းနှင့် ဝင်ငွေဖန်တည်းခြင်း အတွက် အခွင့် အလမ်းများဖန်တီးခြင်း။ ပန်ကချင်လူမှုအသိုက်အဝန်း ဖွံ့ဖြိုးတိုးတက်ရေးအဖွဲ့ (PKDS)? ဟူးကောင်း ချိုင့်ဝှမ်း ကျားထိန်းသိမ်းရေး နယ်မြေရှိ ကချင်ပြည်သူများ အခန်းကဏ္ဍ၊ ကချင် ဖွံ့ဖြိုးတိုးတက်ရေး လုပ်ငန်းကွန်ယက်အဖွဲ့ (KDNG) ? ကရင်ပြည်နယ် အတွင်းရှိ။ သဘာဝ ပတ်ဝန်းကျင် ကာကွယ်စောင့် ရှောက်ခြင်း။ ဌာနေ တိုင်းရင်း သားများ အသိပညာ နှင့် အသက်မွေးဝမ်းကျောင်းမှု၊ သဘာဝ ပတ်ဝန်းကျင် ထိန်းသိမ်းသော လူမှုအသိုက်အဝန်းတစ်ခု ကိုလေ့လာခြင်း၊ ကရင်သဘာဝ ပတ်ဝန်းကျင် နှင့် လူမှုရေး လှုပ်ရှားမှု ကွန်ယက် (KESAN) ? မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ သဘာဝ ပတ်ဝန်းကျင် အလုပ်အဖွဲ့ ကရင်ပြည် နယ် မြောက် ဘက်ခြမ်း အတွင်း အစားအစာ လုံခြုံမှု နှင့် ဒေသခံ ပြည်သူများ ရင်ဆိုင် ဖြေရှင်းခြင်း နည်းလမ်းများ အပေါ်ခြိမ်းခြောက်မှုများ။ ကရင်သဘာဝ ပတ်ဝန်းကျင် နှင့် လူမှုရေး လှုပ်ရှားမှု ကွန်ယက် (KESAN)? ပဲခူးတိုင်း။ ရွှေကျင်မြို့နယ်အတွင်း ရွှေတူးဖော်ခြင်း။ မြေကမ္ဘာအခွင့်အရေး(EarthRights International)? နှစ်မြုပ်ပစ်လိုက်ခြင်း - တာဆန်းရေကာတာ နှင့် ဒေသခံ ရှမ်းလူမှုအသိုက် အဝန်းနှင့်သဘာဝ ပတ်ဝန်းကျင်အပေါ် သက်ရောက်မှု။ ရှမ်းသဘာဝ ပတ်ဝန်းကျင်ထိန်းသိမ်းရေး အဖွဲ့ (Sapawa)? မူးယစ်ဆေးဝါး တိုင်းပြည် တည်ဆောက်ခြင်း နှင့် သန္တာကျောက်တန်း ဖောက်ခွဲခြင်း။ ညံ့ဖျင်းသည့် နိုင်ငံတော်က ကျောထောက် နောက်ခံ ပြု ထားသော ဖွံဖြိုး တိုးတက်ရေး လုပ်ငန်း စီမံချက်များနှင့် လားဟူ ပြည်သူများအပေါ် သက်ရောက်မှုများ။ လားဟူအမျိုးသား ဖွံ့ဖြိုးတိုးတက်ရေးအဖွဲ့ (LNDO)?
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-12
Type: Individual Documents
Language: Burmese (မြန်မာဘာသာ)
Format : pdf
Size: 5.46 MB
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Title: "The Myanmar Times" (Burmese) 8 February 2012, Vol.28 No.556/ မြန်မာတိုင်းမ်- ဖေဖေါ်ဝါရီ ၈-၂၀၁၂ တွင်လွှင့်တင်သည်- အတွဲ ၂၈ - အမှတ် ၅၅၆
Source/publisher: Myanmar Consolidated Media Co.Ltd.
Date of publication: 2012-02-08
Description: အင်န်အယ်လ်ဒီကို ပေးသောမဲများ ပယ်မဲမဖြစ် သွားစေရေး သတိထားကြ ရန် ဒေါ်အောင်ဆန်း စုကြည် တိုက်တွန်း... ကြားဖြတ်ရွေးကောက်ပွဲ လွတ်လပ်ပြီး တရားမျှတ စေမည်ဟု သူရဦးရွှေမန်းက ကွင်တားနားကို ကတိပေး... အိပ်ချ်အိုင်ဗီရန်ပုံငွေပွဲ အလှုငွေ သိန်း ၂၀၀ ကျော် ရရှိ... နိုင်ငံတကာကို ပေးဆပ်ရန်ရှိသည့် မြန်မာ့ အကြွေး ဒေါ်လာ ၁၁ ဘီလျံရှိနေ... မှတ်ပုံတင်နှင့် သန်းခေါင်စာရင်းများ စီမံချက်ဖြင့် ထပ်မံထုတ်ပေးမည်... ပြည်သူများ နိုင်ငံရေးအသိအမြင်၊ ဗဟုသုတ ကြွယ်ဝစေရန် ဝက်ဘ်ဆိုက်သစ်လွှင့်တင်... တစ်နိုင်ငံလုံးတွင် ၂၀၁၁ ခုနှစ်အတွင်း မီးလောင်မှု အကြိမ် ၉၃၀ ခန့် ဖြစ်ပွားပြီး ၆၁ ဦး သေဆုံးကာ ၁၅၇ ဦးဒဏ်ရာရရှိခဲ့... အမေရိကန်နိုင်ငံက မြန်မာနိုင်ငံအပေါ် ကန့်သတ်ပိတ်ဆို့မှုအချို့ လျှော့ပေးလိုက်ပြီ... ဝန်ထမ်းလစာ၊ စရိတ်နှင့် ချီးမြှင့်ငွေများ အလျင်အမြန် တိုးပေးရန် လိုအပ်... ၂၀၁၂-၁၃ ကာကွယ်ရေးအသုံးစရိတ် ကျပ် ၆၈၅ ဘီလျံ တိုးမြှင့်လျာထား... လှိုင်သာယာ မီးလောင်မှု အိမ်ခြေ အလုံး ၃၀၀ ကျော် လောင်ကျွမ်း... ယခင်လက်နက်ကိုင် အဖွဲ့ဝင် တိုင်းရင်းသား များအား သက်ဆိုင်ရာ အဖွဲ့၏... စာရင်းပါ အတိုင်း နိုင်ငံသား စိစစ်ရေးကတ်များ ထုတ်ပေးမည်... ရခိုင်ပြည်နယ်တွင် ပတ်ဝန်းကျင်ထိန်းသိမ်းရေးနှင့် ဒေသဖွံ့ဖြိုးရေး အဖွဲ့ စတင်ဖွဲ့စည်း... အင်န်အယ်လ်ဒီ ရွေးကောက်ပွဲဝင်ခြင်းသည် လွှတ်တော်အတွင်း အပြင် နိုင်ငံရေးတွင် လွှမ်းခြုံ ဆောင်ရွက်နိုင်ရန်အတွက် ရည်ရွယ်ထား... သင်္ဘောအရာရှိအချို့ လက်မှတ်အတုများဖြင့် လုပ်ကိုင်နေ... ဗုဒ္ဓသာသနာတွင် အဓမ္မဝါဒတချို့ မသိမသာ ခေါင်းပြူလာ၍ ကာကွယ်ရန် လိုအပ်ဟုဆို... စွမ်းအင် ထိရောက်စွာ သုံးစွဲရေးနှင့် စွမ်းအင်ချွေတာရေးဆိုင်ရာ နည်းပညာပြိုင်ပွဲ ကျင်းပမည်... ပေါင်းဆန်တင်ပို့မှု တိုးသော် လည်း ဈေးနှုန်း ကျဆင်းနေ... သက်တမ်းလတ်တိုက်များ ကြံ့ခိုင်မှုအထူး ဂရုပြုသင့်နေ ပြီဖြစ်ကြောင်း ဝါရင့်တည်ဆောက် သူများ သုံးသပ်... သတ်မှတ်အလေး ချိန်အောက်ကဏန်းများ တင်ပို့ခြင်းကြောင့် မွေးမြူရေး သမားများ အတွက်လည်း ကုန်ကြမ်းရှားပါးမှု ဖြစ်လာနိုင်... ငါးသယံဇာတ ထိန်းသိမ်းမှု လျော့နည်းခြင်းကြောင့် ငါးသလောက် မျိုးတုန်းလုဖြစ်နေ... ကုန်သွယ်မှု မူဝါဒ ဖြေလျော့မှုကြောင့် ကုန်သွယ်မှု ပမာဏ လျာထားချက် ကျော်လွန်နိုင်... စင်ကာပူနိုင်ငံမှ အင်အားကြီး စီးပွားရေးအဖွဲ့ လာရောက်ပြီး မြန်မာလုပ်ငန်းရှင်များနှင့် တွေ့ဆုံမည်... စီဒီအမ်အေ ၈၀၀ ဖုန်း ၀၉-၉၁၀ များ ပြန်လည်ချထား ပေးသော်လည်း လျှောက်ထားသူ နည်းပါးနေသေး... ပျိုးပင်အရောင်းဆိုင်များတွင် ?အာဆီယံသပြေ? ဈေးကွက် ရရှိပြီး အရောင်းအဝယ် တွင်ကျယ်လာ... ကွမ်းတံတွေးတားမြစ်ချက်ကို အထူးကြပ်မတ်မှ အောင်မြင်နိုင်... အင်္ဂလိပ်စာဘွဲ့ရ ကျောင်းသားများ ပထမအကြိမ် အာစရိယပွဲ ကျင်းပမည်...
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-11
Type: Individual Documents
Language: Burmese/ မြန်မာဘာသာ
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Title: National Archives (Kew, UK) - online documents
Source/publisher: National Archives
Description: A simple search for "Burma" (not the search in the top line -- this includes hard copy items) produced this search results summary: Family History: WW1 Campaign Medals (2167); Wills (2); Registers of Seamen?s Services (13); Victoria Cross Registers (9); Recommendations for Honours and Awards (Army) (6738); Digital Microfilm (13); Registry of Shipping and Seamen, Movement Cards (1); WW1 Merchant Seamen Medal Cards (11); Naval Officers? Service Record Cards and Files (4); Air Ministry Squadron Operations Records (7)... Other Records: Eden Papers (94); Cabinet Papers (295); Looted Art (1)..... So far as I could see, only the Cabinet Papers can be downloaded without cost -- the other records are charged at £3.50 per item
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-11
Type: Websites/Multiple Documents
Language: English
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Title: THE CONFLICT IN KACHIN STATE - TIME TO REVISE THE COSTS OF WAR? (English)
Source/publisher: Burma Centre for Ethnic Studies (Briefing Paper No. 2)
Date of publication: 2012-02-00
Description: "...Since 9 June 2011, Kachin State has seen open warfare between the Kachin Independence Army and the Tatmadaw (Burma Army). The Kachin Independence Organisation signed a ceasefire agreement with the regime in 1994 and since then had lived in relative peace up until 2008 and the creation of a new constitution. This constitution enshrines the power of the military and demands that all armed forces, including those under ceasefire agreements, relinquish control to the head of the Burma Army. This, combined with economic exploitation by China in Kachin territory, especially the construction of the Myitsone Hydropower Dam, left the Kachin Independence Organisation with very little alternative but to return to armed resistance to prevent further abuses of its people and their territory?s natural resources. Despite this however, the political situation since the beginning of hostilities has changed significantly. There is little doubt that one of the main reasons for the continuing offensive was the Burmese Government?s attempts to control all ethnic armed forces through its head of defence services. That said, however, the principle reason for both the KIO?s reaction to increased Burma Army deployment, the breakdown of the ceasefire, and the resumption of open warfare in Kachin areas, was also the previous Regime?s attempts to secure China?s lucrative investment projects at the expense of ethnic rights and land..."
Creator/author: Paul Keenan (author); Lian K. Sakhong (editor)
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-07
Type: Individual Documents
Language: English
Format : pdf
Size: 947.07 KB
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Title: Burma?s Ethnic Ceasefire Agreements (Burmese)
Source/publisher: Burma Centre for Ethnic Studies (Briefing Paper No. 1)
Date of publication: 2012-01-31
Description: "Since implementing recent political reforms, the Thein Sein government has attempted to make a number of state level ceasefire agreements with both previous ceasefire groups and other anti-government forces. On the 13 January 2012, the Burmese government signed an intial peace agreement with the Karen National Union. The agreement, the third such agreement with ethnic opposition forces within two month, signals a radical change in how previous Burmese governments have dealt with ethnic grievences. Up until the recent negotiations and the outbreak of hostilities in Kachin State, there had been three main ethnic groups with armies fighting against the government. These armies are the Karen National Liberation Army, which has between three and four thousand troops, the Shan State Army – South, which has between six and seven thousand troops, and the Karenni Army, fielding between eight hundred to fifteen hundred troops. In addition to the three main groups there are also the Chin National Front (Chin National Army) with approximately two hundred troops3 and the Arakan Liberation Army with roughly one hundred troops.4 Under previous military regimes, the ethnic question had been dealt with as a military matter and not as a political or constitutional issue. Consequently, the failure of the Burmese government to recognize the true nature of the ethnic struggle resulted in constant civil war. As a result, over a hundred and fifty thousand refugees have been forced to shelter in neighbouring countries due to a conflict that has been charecterized by it myriad human rights abuses. Recent negotiations have changed significantly due to the fact that the Thein Sein government has dropped a number of requirements that previous regimes had made in relation to setting conditions for talks. One of the most important was the fact that a ceasefire must be agreed to prior to discussions taking place. Recent talks have taken place without this condition and unlike previous attempts at peace the Burmese authorities have not demanded weapons to be surrendered first. Another previous condition was the insistence that all talks must take place inside Burma. This was also recently negated with exploratory talks taking place in Thailand with the Restoration Council of Shan State/Shan State Army – South (RCSS/SSA), The Chin National Front (CNF) and the Karen National Union (KNU) and also in China with the Kachin Independence Organisation (KIO). According to media reports5 the Burmese government has set the following conditions in relation to conducting agreements with the ethnic groups:..."
Creator/author: Paul Keenan
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-07
Type: Individual Documents
Language: Burmese
Format : pdf
Size: 184.28 KB
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Title: The Dynamics of Sixty Years of Ethnic Armed Conflict in Burma (English)
Source/publisher: Burma Centre for Ethnic Studies (Analysis Paper No. 1)
Date of publication: 2012-01-00
Description: "...In this paper, I will analyse the dynamics of internal conflict that caused the conditions for over sixty years of civil war in Burma. In so doing, I will first investigate the root cause of ethnic armed conflict, and argue that the constitutional crisis and the implementation of the ?nation-building? process with the notion of ?one religion, one language, and one ethnicity? are the root cause of internal conflict and civil war in Burma. The political crisis in Burma, therefore, is not only ideological confrontation between democratic forces and the military regime but a constitutional crisis, compounded by the government?s policy of ethnic ?forced-assimilation? through the ?nation-building? process, which resulted in militarization of the state, on the one hand, and ?insurgency as a ways of life? in ethnic areas, on the other..."
Creator/author: Lian H. Sakhong
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-07
Type: Individual Documents
Language: English
Format : pdf
Size: 650.24 KB
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Title: Statement of the Special Rapporteur on the Situation of Human Rights in Myanmar
Source/publisher: UNDP (Myanmar)
Date of publication: 2012-02-05
Description: 5 February 2012, Yangon International Airport, Myanmar... "...To conclude, I have previously stated that the steps taken by the Government had the potential to bring about an improvement in the human rights situation in Myanmar and deepen its transition to democracy. My mission confirmed that a positive impact has been made; however serious challenges remain and must be addressed. There is also a risk of backtracking on the progress achieved thus far. Therefore, at this crucial moment in the country?s history, further and sustained action should be taken to bring about further change. Prior to its assumption of the Chairpersonship of ASEAN in 2014, I would encourage Myanmar to demonstrate concrete progress in improving its human rights situation. The international community should remain engaged and should support and assist the Government during this important time..."
Creator/author: Tomás Ojea Quintana
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-06
Type: Individual Documents
Language: English
Format : pdf
Size: 72.21 KB
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Title: Tools for Change
Source/publisher: OPIRG Toronto, Earthroots, and Greenpeace Canada
Description: Tools for Change posts resources on our website to help you access valuable information on a whole range of important topics, from facilitation to campaigning. Many of these resources are distributed at the workshops and come recommended by our network of trainers. If you have a resource to recommend please contact us. Also, if you are going to use these resources please make sure to reference the authors.
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-04
Type: Websites/Multiple Documents
Language: English
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Title: World Movement for Democracy
Source/publisher: World Movemenf for Democracy
Description: "The World Movement for Democracy is a global network of democrats, including activists, practitioners, academics, policy makers, and funders, who have come together to cooperate in the promotion of democracy..."..."The Washington, DC-based National Endowment for Democracy (NED) initiated this nongovernmental effort..."
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-03
Type: Individual Documents
Language: English
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Title: A Diplomat?s Handbook for Democracy Development Support (website)
Source/publisher: Community of Democracies, Council for a Community of Democracies
Description: "...A Diplomat?s Handbook for Democracy Development Support is meant to present a wide variety of case studies documenting and explaining specific country experiences. It also identifies creative, human, and material resources available to Missions, the ways in which Missions and diplomats have supported requests in the past, and describes how such support has been applied. A review of these experiences bears out the validity of our belief in our inter-dependence. It will hopefully also provide practitioners with encouragement, counsel, and a greater capacity to support democrats everywhere.
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-03
Type: Websites/Multiple Documents
Language: English
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Title: A DIPLOMAT?S HANDBOOK for Democracy Development Support
Source/publisher: Community of Democracies, Council for a Community of Democracies
Date of publication: 2010-00-00
Description: 2nd Edition.....Contains Burma/Myanmar case study..."..."A Diplomat?s Handbook for Democracy Development Support" is meant to present a wide variety of case studies documenting and explaining specific country experiences. It also identifies creative, human, and material resources available to Missions, the ways in which Missions and diplomats have supported requests in the past, and describes how such support has been applied. A review of these experiences bears out the validity of our belief in our inter-dependence. It will hopefully also provide practitioners with encouragement, counsel, and a greater capacity to support democrats everywhere....[It]identifies a ?toolbox? of creative, human, and material resources available to Missions. It records ways in which Missions and diplomats have drawn from these tools in the past in the interest of democracy development support. The Handbook means to cover a full range of conditions and situations, from regimes which are flatly undemocratic and repressive, to phases of post-conflict recovery, to democratic transition and consolidation. The Handbook includes a representative variety of case studies documenting and explaining specific country experiences. It is important that each case study be seen for its specific contextual properties. Nonetheless, there are characteristics which obviously recur. Moreover, it should always be borne in mind that activities and outcomes in one locale can have ripple effects in the region and on wider or specific other relationships..."
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-03
Type: Individual Documents
Language: English (Spanish also available)
Format : pdf
Size: 1.25 MB
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Title: Why Civil Resistance Works: The Strategic Logic of Nonviolent Conflict (video)
Source/publisher: Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars
Date of publication: 2011-12-08
Description: Please join us and authors Erica Chenoweth and Maria J. Stephan for a stimulating and informative discussion on their new book, Why Civil Resistance Works: The Strategic Logic of Nonviolent Conflict. Throughout this volume, Chenoweth and Stephan argue that nonviolent campaigns have been more successful than armed campaigns in achieving ultimate goals in political struggles, even when used against similar opponents and in the face of repression. From case study analyses to aggregating datasets, they provide evidence that nonviolent campaigns are more likely to be perceived as legitimate, attract widespread domestic and international support, and neutralize the opponent?s security forces, among others.
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-03
Type: Individual Documents
Language: English
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Title: New Mon State Party, gov?t sign preliminary agreement
Source/publisher: Mizzima
Date of publication: 2012-02-01
Description: "The New Mon State Party (NMSP) peace delegation and the Burmese government agreed to a five-point state-level peace program on Wednesday. The New Mon State Party and Burmese government agreed to a five-point peace program on Wednesday, February 1, 2012. The New Mon State Party and Burmese government agreed to a five-point peace program on Wednesday, February 1, 2012. Photo: Mizzima The NMSP delegation will submit the five-point preliminary agreement to the NMSP central committee and if it its accepted, Mon officials will sign a cease-fire agreement in the third week of February. The peace talk was held in the Strand Hotel in Mawlamyine in Mon State. The agreement covers a halt to fighting, the formation of peace delegations to conduct national-level peace talks, the selection of liaison offices, an agreement not to travel with weapons except in designated areas, and to stay in agreed upon control areas..."
Creator/author: Nyi Thit
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-02
Type: Individual Documents
Language: English
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Title: Euro-Burma Office/Associates to Develop Democratic Burma (ADDB)
Source/publisher: Euro-Burma Office
Description: EBO Political Monitors...Research papers: reports, statements and press releases...EBO Briefing Papers...News
Date of entry/update: 2012-02-02
Type: Websites/Multiple Documents
Language: English
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Title: Burma?s Ethnic Ceasefire Agreements (English)
Source/publisher: Burma Centre for Peace and Reconciliation (Briefing Paper No. 1 January 2012)
Date of publication: 2012-01-31
Description: "Since implementing recent political reforms, the Thein Sein government has attempted to make a number of state level ceasefire agreements with both previous ceasefire groups and other anti-government forces. On the 13 January 2012, the Burmese government signed an intial peace agreement with the Karen National Union. The agreement, the third such agreement with ethnic opposition forces within two month, signals a radical change in how previous Burmese governments have dealt with ethnic grievences. Up until the recent negotiations and the outbreak of hostilities in Kachin State, there had been three main ethnic groups with armies fighting against the government. These armies are the Karen National Liberation Army, which has between three and four thousand troops, the Shan State Army – South, which has between six and seven thousand troops, and the Karenni Army, fielding between eight hundred to fifteen hundred troops. In addition to the three main groups there are also the Chin National Front (Chin National Army) with approximately two hundred troops3 and the Arakan Liberation Army with roughly one hundred troops.4 Under previous military regimes, the ethnic question had been dealt with as a military matter and not as a political or constitutional issue. Consequently, the failure of the Burmese government to recognize the true nature of the ethnic struggle resulted in constant civil war. As a result, over a hundred and fifty thousand refugees have been forced to shelter in neighbouring countries due to a conflict that has been charecterized by it myriad human rights abuses. Recent negotiations have changed significantly due to the fact that the Thein Sein government has dropped a number of requirements that previous regimes had made in relation to setting conditions for talks. One of the most important was the fact that a ceasefire must be agreed to prior to discussions taking place. Recent talks have taken place without this condition and unlike previous attempts at peace the Burmese authorities have not demanded weapons to be surrendered first. Another previous condition was the insistence that all talks must take place inside Burma. This was also recently negated with exploratory talks taking place in Thailand with the Restoration Council of Shan State/Shan State Army – South (RCSS/SSA), The Chin National Front (CNF) and the Karen National Union (KNU) and also in China with the Kachin Independence Organisation (KIO). According to media reports5 the Burmese government has set the following conditions in relation to conducting agreements with the ethnic groups:..."
Creator/author: Paul Keenan
Date of entry/update: 2012-01-31
Type: Individual Documents
Language: English
Format : pdf
Size: 557.87 KB
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Title: Shweli Under Siege - Dams proceed amid war in Burma (Burmese)
Source/publisher: Ta?ang Students and Youth Organization (TSYO)
Date of publication: 2011-11-00
Description: Summary: "Despite its recent suspension of the Irrawaddy Myitsone dam, Burma?s regime, together with Chinese and Swiss companies, is planning to build two mega dams on the Shweli, a tributary of Burma?s great Irrawaddy River. The Shweli is a critical river for the economy and culture of Shan State, particularly for the Ta?ang (Palaung) people. • Nearly 15,000 people will be impacted by the planned Shweli dams. Over 3,000 people have been ordered to move out by 2013 without any guaranteed compensation. • Over 700 acres of local farmlands and community forest areas have already been seized during the construction of new roads and establishment of military camps near the dam sites. Burma Army soldiers deployed to the dam sites have put local fi shing grounds off limits, and forced women to restrict their movement. Rampant and unregulated logging by Burmese and Chinese companies has destroyed large sections of forests near the dam sites. • Battles between the Kachin Independence Army and Burma?s military troops broke out in a village between Shweli Dam 1 and Dam 2 in June 2011, forcing Chinese workers to fl ee. To date no one has returned, clashes continue in the area, and access to the Dam 2 site is prohibited without military permission. • Construction of the fi rst dam on the Shweli, completed in late 2008, led to increased militarization, forced labor and land confi scation. The vast majority of electricity generated at Shweli Dam 1 is exported to China. • A completed dam and two planned dams on the Shweli River are already having a series of negative impacts while providing little benefi t to local peoples. There is almost no public information about the dams, affected peoples have not been consulted, and no impact assessments have been disclosed. Therefore any further plans to dam the Shweli must be stopped."
Date of entry/update: 2012-01-28
Type: Individual Documents
Language: Burmese, English, Thai
Format : pdf
Size: 4.67 MB
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Title: Shweli Under Siege - Dams proceed amid war in Burma (English)
Source/publisher: Ta?ang Students and Youth Organization (TSYO)
Date of publication: 2011-11-00
Description: Summary: "Despite its recent suspension of the Irrawaddy Myitsone dam, Burma?s regime, together with Chinese and Swiss companies, is planning to build two mega dams on the Shweli, a tributary of Burma?s great Irrawaddy River. The Shweli is a critical river for the economy and culture of Shan State, particularly for the Ta?ang (Palaung) people. • Nearly 15,000 people will be impacted by the planned Shweli dams. Over 3,000 people have been ordered to move out by 2013 without any guaranteed compensation. • Over 700 acres of local farmlands and community forest areas have already been seized during the construction of new roads and establishment of military camps near the dam sites. Burma Army soldiers deployed to the dam sites have put local fi shing grounds off limits, and forced women to restrict their movement. Rampant and unregulated logging by Burmese and Chinese companies has destroyed large sections of forests near the dam sites. • Battles between the Kachin Independence Army and Burma?s military troops broke out in a village between Shweli Dam 1 and Dam 2 in June 2011, forcing Chinese workers to fl ee. To date no one has returned, clashes continue in the area, and access to the Dam 2 site is prohibited without military permission. • Construction of the fi rst dam on the Shweli, completed in late 2008, led to increased militarization, forced labor and land confi scation. The vast majority of electricity generated at Shweli Dam 1 is exported to China. • A completed dam and two planned dams on the Shweli River are already having a series of negative impacts while providing little benefi t to local peoples. There is almost no public information about the dams, affected peoples have not been consulted, and no impact assessments have been disclosed. Therefore any further plans to dam the Shweli must be stopped."
Date of entry/update: 2012-01-28
Type: Individual Documents
Language: English
Format : pdf
Size: 4.68 MB
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Title: "Weekly Eleven" (Burmese), Vol.7 - No.17, January-25, 2012/ "Weekly Eleven မြန်မာဘာသာ၊အတွဲ ၇-အမှတ် ၁၇- ဇန္နဝါရီ ၂၅ - ၂၀၁၂
Source/publisher: Eleven Media Group
Date of publication: 2012-01-25
Description: မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ အပေါ် စီးပွားရေး ပိတ်ဆို့မှု ရုပ်သင့်ပြီလား မြန်မာ့စီးပွားရေး ကဏ္ဍ ၂၀၁၂ မှာ အလျင်အမြန်ပြောင်းလဲရတော့မည်... အမေရိကန် အထက်လွှတ်တော်အမတ် ဂျွန်မက်ကိန်း အပါအဝင် အထက်လွှတ်တော် အမတ်လေးဦး မြန်မာနိုင်ငံသို့လာရောက်... မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ၌ လယ်သမားများထံမှ ပုဂ္ဂလိက ကုမ္ပဏီ သို့ လွှဲပြောင်း ပေးသောမြေ ဧက တိုးလာ... မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ ၏ ရေ အရင်းအမြစ်ပိုင်ဆိုင်မှု ကမ္ဘာတွင် အဆင့် (၁၄) ရှိပြီး အာရှ ဒေသနိုင်ငံများတွင် အဆင့် (၅) တွင် ရှိ၊ ရှိပြီးသော ရေ အရင်းအမြစ်မျာ ကာကွယ်ထိန်းသိမ်းရန် ဥပဒေ တစ်ရပ် အခိုင်အမာ ပြဌာန်း ရန်လိုအပ်နေကြောင်း ပညာရှင်များ သုံးသပ်... ပြည်တွင်း အထည်ချုပ် လုပ်ငန်းများ သို့ ပြည်ပနိုင်ငံများမှ အထည် အော်ဒါ မှာ ယူမှုတွင် လတ်တလော၌ ဂျပန်နိုင်ငံမှ အများဆုံး ဖြစ်နေ...၈၈ မျိုးဆက်ကျောင်းသားများ သတင်းစာရှင်းလင်းပွဲပြုလုပ်ပြီး သဘောထားကြေညာချက်ထုတ်ပြန်... ပြည်ခိုင်ဖြိုးပါတီ အထူးအစည်းအဝေးပြုလုပ်... ပြည်ထောင်စုအဆင့် ငြိမ်းချမ်းရေးဆွေးနွေးရေးအဖွဲ့နှင့်KIOကိုယ်စားလှယ်အဖွဲ့တို့ တရုတ်နိုင်ငံ ရွှေလီ၌ နှစ်ရက်ကြာတွေ့ ဆုံဆွေးနွေး ခဲ့ပြီးနောက် ကြေညာချက် ထုတ်ပြန်... ပြည်တွင်းနိုင်ငံရေးတည်ငြိမ်မှုအတွက် အလေး ထားရှေ့ ဆက်ဆောင်ရွက် သွား မည်ဖြစ်ကြောင်း နိုင်ငံတော် သမ္မတပြော ကြား...အမျိုးသားဒီမိုကရေစီအဖွဲ့ချုပ် ကျစ်လျစ်ခိုင် မာတောင့်တင်း ရန် ပြန်လည်ဖွဲ့စည်း... လူငယ်ကျောင်းသား မျိုးဆက်ခေါင်းဆောင် တစ်ဦးဖြစ်သူ ကိုကျော်ကိုကို နှင့် တွေ့ဆုံခြင်း... မြန်မာဘဏ် အားလုံး ချိတ်ဆက်အသုံးပြုမည့် Myanmar Payment Union စနစ် ယခုနှစ်အတွင်း စတင်မည်ဖြစ်ပြီး ၂ဝ၁၃ ခုနှစ်တွင် နိုင်ငံတကာတွင်ပါ အသုံးပြုနိုင်မည်... နိုင်ငံခြားငွေ လုပ်ကိုင်ခွင့်ရ ပုဂ္ဂလိက ဘဏ်လေးခု ပြည်ပနိုင်ငံ များ၌ ဘဏ်ရုံးခွဲများဖွင့်လှစ်နိုင်မှုမရှိသေး... ကုန်သွယ်မှု လုပ်ငန်း များဖြေလျှော့မှုနှင့်ပတ်သက်၍ မူဆယ်နမ့်ခမ်း ကုန်သည်များ အသင်းမှ အချက်ငါးချက်ကို တင်ပြထား... ရန်ကုန်တိုင်းဒေသကြီးအတွင်း သဘာဝဓာတ်ငွေ့ သုံး ဓာတ်အားပေး စက်ရုံတစ်ရုံနှင့် တနင်္သာရီ တိုင်းဒေသကြီး အတွင်း လေအားလျှပ်စစ် စက်ရုံတစ်ရုံ တည်ဆောက်နိုင် ရန်စီစဉ်... မြန်မာနိုင်ငံရှိ ပုဂ္ဂလိကဘဏ် ၁၉ ဘဏ်အနက် ထက်ဝက်ကျော်မှာ မြန်မာ့အာမခံလုပ်ငန်းတွင် အပ်ငွေအာမခံထားရှိပြီးဖြစ်ကြောင်း သိရ... နေပြည်တော်ရှိ ဟိုတယ်များအား ကြယ်ပွင့်များ အဆင့်သတ်မှတ်၊ ကြယ်သုံးပွင့် ဟိုတယ် ၁၃ ခု၊ ကြယ်နှစ်ပွင့်ဟိုတယ် ခုနစ်ခုနှင့် ကြယ်တစ်ပွင့် ဟိုတယ် တစ်ခုရှိကြောင်း သိရ... နိုင်ငံတကာမှ ဘူမိဗေဒ ပညာရှင်များ ပါဝင်သော အပြည်ပြည် ဆိုင်ရာ ဘူမိဗေဒဆိုင်ရာ ညီလာခံကို မြန်မာနိုင်ငံတွင် ပထမဆုံး အကြိမ်အဖြစ် ကျင်းပမည်... သုတေသနပြုလုပ်ချက်များအရ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံအလယ်ပိုင်း ချိုင့ဝ် ှမ်းဒေသအတွင်း လှုပ်ခတ်ခ့ ဲသောငလျင်ကြီးများကြောင့ ် ထိခိုက်ပျက်စီးမှုများ ထပ်မံတွေ့ရှိရ... ထိုင်းနိုင်ငံဆိုင်ရာ မြန်မာသံရုံး ၌မြန်မာအလုပ်သမား အရာရှိတစ်ဦးအား တွဲဖက်တာဝန်ပေးအပ်မှု စတင်ပြုလုပ်...
Date of entry/update: 2012-01-28
Type: Individual Documents
Language: Burmese/ မြန်မာဘာသာ
Format : pdf
Size: 3.42 MB
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Title: "The Myanmar Times" (Burmese) 26 January 2012, Vol.28 No.554/ မြန်မာတိုင်းမ်- ဇန္နဝါရီ ၂၆ - ၂၀၁၂ တွင်လွှင့်တင်သည်-အတွဲ ၂၈ - အမှတ် ၅၅၄
Source/publisher: Myanmar Consolidated Media Co.Ltd.
Date of publication: 2012-01-26
Description: နိုင်ငံတကာမှ ရွေးကောက်ပွဲစောင့်ကြည့်သူများ အား လက်ခံရန် ဂျွန်မက်ကိန်းတိုက်တွန်း... ဒေါ်အောင်ဆန်းစုကြည် ပါကစ္စတန်နိုင်ငံ၏ ပထမဆုံး အမျိုးသမီးဝန်ကြီးချုပ် ဘနာဇီယာဘူတို၏ အထိမ်းအမှတ်ဆုဖြစ်သော Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Award for Democracy ဆုအား လက်ခံရယူ... ဥရောပသမဂ္ဂက ကန့်သတ်မှုများ ဆက်လက်၍ ဖြေလျှော့ရုပ်သိမ်းရန် စဉ်းစားနေ... ကေအိုင်အို တို့ တောင်း ဆိုချက်မှ စကားလုံးတချို့ ပြင်ဆင်၊ ဖြည့်စွက်နိုင်လျှင် ငြိမ်းချမ်း မည်... ပြုပြင်ပြောင်း လဲသူများဘက်မှ ၈၈ မျိုးဆက် လွန်ဝင်ဆွဲမည်... ဥပဒေထွက်လာပါက လယ်ယာမြေပြဿနာများ ဖြေရှင်းနိုင်မည်... တရားမဝင် သစ်ခိုးထုတ်မှု များ လျော့နည်းစေရေး ညှိနှိုင်းဆောင်ရွက် ပေးပါရန် နိုင်ငံတော် သမ္မတအား မေတ္တာရပ်ခံထား... ရွှေတိဂုံစေတီတော်သို့ နိုင်ငံခြားဧည့်သည်အဝင် စံချိန်သစ်ထပ်မံတင်... ဝယ်လိုအားကြောင့် နိုင်ငံခြားငွေလဲလှယ်နှုန်း သုံးမျိုးစလုံး ထပ်မံ တန်ဖိုးမြင့်တက်လာ... အရန်ဆန်တန်ချိန် တစ်သိန်းကို စတင်ဝယ်ယူနေ... အကောက်ခွန်မဲ့ကုန်စည်များကြောင့် လုပ်ငန်းရှင်များထိခိုက် ... ၂၀၁၂ ခုနှစ် မြန်မာဟိုတယ်နှင့် ခရီးသွားလမ်းညွှန် ထွက်ပြီ... ပို့ကုန်တိုးချဲ့ ရန် ဈေးကွက်ရှာထွက်မည်... သုတေသနပြုချက်အရ ဂျပန် ထမင်းလိပ်များ တွင် အီးကိုလိုင်ပိုး ပေါက်ဖွားမှုများနေသည်ကို တွေ့ရ... ကိုဇေယျာသော်နှင့် မစန္ဒာမင်း မဲဆန္ဒရှင် များနှင့် တွေ့ဆုံ... ကျောင်းအုပ် ဆရာကြီးတစ်ဦးအား အမှုဖွင့်... တီလားဗီးယား မွေးမြူစားသုံးခြင်း ဂရုပြုသင့်... ဆီနှင့်ဆီထွက်သီးနှံဆွေးနွေးပွဲ တိကျသည့်အဖြေနှင့်ဝေးဆဲ... ရတနာပုံဒိုင်းမွန်းပလာဇာမှ ဆိုင်ခန်းရှစ်ခန်း ပြန်ဖျက်သိမ်း... နိုင်ငံခြားတင်ပို့မှု ကျဆင်းသောကြောင့် မန္တလေးမြို့၌ ငါးဈေးကွက်ပျက်... ဆရာကြီး ဦးရာဇတ် ၁၁၄ နှစ်မြောက် အထိမ်းအမှတ်နေ့... ဆင်းကတ်တစ်ကတ် ငါးထောင်ဖြစ်ရင်ကွယ်... အိန္ဒိယ-မြန်မာချစ်ကြည်ရေး လက်တွေ့ သရုပ်ပြရေးဆွဲ... ရော့ခ်ဂီတအဖွဲ့ Side Effect ရဲ့ ရန်ပုံငွေများ ?ကန်? ပိတ်ဆို့မှုစနစ် သက်ရောက်မှုကြောင့် ဆုံးရှုံးခဲ့ရ... ဆေးစက်ရေး ချက်ကားတွေနဲ့ ပန်းချီငွေဖြိုး တတိယမြောက် တစ်ကိုယ်တော်ပြပွဲ ကျင်းပမည်... မစ္စမြန်မာ ၂၀၁၂ အတွက် ပြိုင်ပွဲဝင်များ ဖိတ်ခေါ်နေ... အဆိုတော် ယုန်လေးရဲ့ တစ်ကိုယ်တော်ဖျော်ဖြေပွဲ... အသင်းသားများ၏ ခြေစွမ်းပြမှု ဒဲလ်ဂလစ်ရှ်လိုနေ... ဂျွိုင်နာ-ကာဆီ အမေရိကန် ပြေးခုန်ပစ် ဒါရိုက်တာအဖွဲ့ဝင်အသစ် ဖြစ်လာ... မိုက်ကယ် ဖဲ့လ် ရွှေတံဆိပ်ရပြန်... တတိယအကြိမ်မြောက် Japan Cup တံခွန်စိုက် ကရာတေးဒို ပြိုင်ပွဲ ကျင်းပ...
Date of entry/update: 2012-01-28
Type: Individual Documents
Language: Burmese/ မြန်မာဘာသာ
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