"Introduction: 1. This report complements the earlier report produced by the National Unity Government (NUG) of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar on the human rights situation in Sagaing and Magway Regions.2 2. Since its failed military coup d’état of 1 February 2021, the illegal military junta has directed escalating, excessive and disproportionate force against the people of Myanmar. As at 18 October 2021, at least 1181 civilians had been killed by security forces countrywide, while another 7355 remained in detention.3 An estimated 612 persons had been arrested in Chin State alone, 70 of which (61 males and nine females) took place in August and September 2021.4 3. Increasingly since April 2021, security forces – operating at the direction and in the full knowledge of the junta leadership – have intensified operations in ethnic minority areas and in centres of resistance. The military continues to employ its long practised ‘four cuts strategy’, known as Pyat Ley Pyat, cutting off communities and presumed insurgents in these areas from funding, food, intelligence and recruits. This strategy has been accompanied by internet and phone blackouts, and forced displacement. 4. The NUG has documented credible reports of grave human rights violations and violations of international humanitarian law, including unlawful killings and murder, torture and mistreatment, sexual and gender-based violence, abductions, arbitrary detention, the use of human shields, the indiscriminate use of landmines, the destruction of homes and property, and looting. The information contained in this report is drawn from multiple sources, including victims, witnesses, medical personnel, and local residents and organisations. Select emblematic incidents are set out below. Other incidents remain under investigation and subject to verification. Open source references are provided where available.....Chin State: 5. Chin State is located in western Myanmar and borders Bangladesh and India. It shares internal borders with Rakhine State, and Magway and Sagaing Regions.5 Chin State comprises 9 townships, including Falam, Hakha, Kanpetlet, Mindat, and Thantlang, and is amongst the poorest parts of Myanmar. 6. At 18 October 2021, at least 33 civilians, including eight children, had been killed by junta security forces in Chin State since February 2021. Unconfirmed reports suggest that four military battalions, including Light Infantry Battalion 222 (LIB-222) and Light Infantry Division 66 (LID-66), have been deployed to Chin State. 7. The international community has expressed growing alarm at troop build ups in Chin State. Notably, the United Kingdom (penholder on Myanmar at the United Nations (UN) Security Council) and the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) released recent statements. On 15 October 2021, the United Kingdom acknowledged that ‘[r]epeated large scale attacks have demonstrated the Myanmar Military has no regard for the people of Myanmar’.6 On 8 October 2021, OHCHR noted the military’s ‘established pattern of attacks’ against unarmed individuals and urged ‘the international community to speak with one voice, to prevent the commission of further serious human rights violations against the people of Myanmar’.7 8. This escalation of force in Chin State has included the use of artillery, with multiple reports of civilians having been killed and injured and homes destroyed by shelling. On 18 September 2021 in Thantlang Township, 18 civilian homes were destroyed by shelling. As many as 15,000 villagers have fled Thantlang Township on account of these indiscriminate attacks.8 9. The military has also employed airstrikes in Chin State. On 10 September 2021 in Lon Ler village of Thantlang Township, local villagers were forced to flee airstrikes that reportedly followed clashes between the Chin National Front and junta forces.9 10. The NUG is also investigating multiple incidents in which junta troops have allegedly shot and killed civilians. On 18 September 2021 in Thantlang Township, a Christian pastor was murdered by junta soldiers.10 His wedding-band finger was cut off and his ring removed, acts that constitute despoliation and pillage of the dead.11 On 29 September, two men – one aged in his seventies, the other in his fifties – were shot and killed by junta soldiers while they were driving in Thantlang Township. Two other civilians were reportedly injured in the same incident.12 11. The UN Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar, Mr. Thomas Andrews, has deemed as credible reports that junta soldiers used an estimated 10 to 14 civilians, including a pregnant woman, as human shields during an attack on Mindat Township in August 2021. The Special Rapporteur has also documented the use of sexual violence, arbitrary detention, the blocking of roads, and the cutting off of the water supply in Mindat, forcing the displacement of over 30,000 villagers.13 12. According to the Chin Human Rights Organization (CHRO), between 30,000 to 35,000 persons from Chin State have fled to Mizoram State in India since 1 February 2021, while another 20,000 people remain internally displaced in Mindat Township. CHRO also estimates that up to 10,000 residents of Thantlang Township have been displaced since 6 September 2021.14..."