"This document presents the situation of the population in Pauktaw Internally Displaced People (IDP) camps and SOLIDARITÉS INTERNATIONAL’s intervention to ensure continuous access to water during the water scarcity period. SI started operating in Rakhine State during the emergency phase following cyclone Giri in 2010. It then responded to the humanitarian crisis resulting from the two waves of inter-communal violence in 2012. Since February 2013, SI has been working in Pauktaw IDP camps (ANYC, NC1, NC2, KNP) and village (ANYV) hosting Rohingyas, providing Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) services. In the camps, people are exposed to harsh climate and very poor land with limited access to water, which greatly reduces their access to livelihoods and prevents them from meeting their basic needs. Due to geographical, hydrogeological, and climatic parameters, 25,812 Rohingya displaced in Pauktaw township suffer from annual potable water scarcity. The water shortage occurs during the dry season from midApril to early rainy season in June. They are located in low coastal plains on islets surrounded by brackish and salt water, and thus highly exposed to floods and cyclones. In addition, its hydrogeological characteristics led to groundwater depletion and saltwater intrusion in several areas. During the dry season, potable water is also not available. Although climate change could increase rainfall, it will become less predictable. The main areas’ water source is rainwater collected in ponds, with an average rainfall of 4.5 metres per year. The seepage and evaporation lead to the loss of two-thirds of the water collected, hampering the ability to uphold basic humanitarian standards (15 litres per day and per person, as per Sphere Standards). The combination of demographic growth, influx of Rohingyas, and limited land availability suitable for pond construction in camps, results in the ponds drying up about 3 months a year. Improving rainwater harvesting and storage remains the most practical solution for increasing and optimizing the amount of water available after the monsoon..."