"...Since 1992, the National AIDS Programme has been carrying out the yearly HIV Sentinel Sero-surveillance (HSS) among selected sentinel groups on different (8) sentinel groups. In fact, HSS is the systematic and regular collection of information on the occurrence, distribution and trends of HIV infection and factors associated with the infection for use in Public Health Action. In concentrated epidemics, HSS is usually conducted among selected groups who may be at highest risk and are most critical to be targeted for interventions. In Myanmar, HSS is conducted among Pregnant Women attending the antenatal clinics (ANC), New Military Recruits, Blood Donors as low risk groups, and; Injecting Drug Users (IDU), Men who have Sex with Men (MSM), Female Sex Workers (FSW) and Male patients attending sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinic as high risk groups. The newly diagnosed TB patients became one of the sentinel groups in 2005..."