In 2004 the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria (?Global Fund?) awarded program grants to Burma (Myanmar) totaling US$98.4 million over five years—recognizing the severity of Burma?s HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis (TB) epidemics, and noting that malaria was the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, and the leading killer of children under five years old [1]. For those individuals working in health in Burma, these grants were welcome, indeed [2]. In that same year, Burma?s authoritarian military regime—the State Peace and Development Council (SPDC)—was accused of severe and ongoing human rights violations, and United Nations Secretary General Kofi Annan appointed a Special Rapportuer on Human Rights, signaling a high level of concern about the junta?s governance. Given these occurrences, the Global Fund imposed additional safeguards on their Burma grants—including additional monitoring of activities and expenditures—and requested and received written guarantees from the junta to respect the fund?s safeguards and performance-based grant system.