"Summary of crisis: It has been two-and-a-half years since the Myanmar military staged a takeover and established themselves in power, officially as the State Administration Council (SAC). The country has since been in a state of emergency, extended again for six months on 31 July 2023. Mass protests against the armed forces started immediately after the takeover, with a wider, peaceful civil disobedience movement, including the health sector. The protest grew into organized armed resistance with escalation in fighting across the country. This resulted in massive displacement across Myanmar and an unprecedented political, socioeconomic, human rights and humanitarian crisis for the population. The Emergency Relief Coordinator activated the countrywide health, water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH), shelter/non-food items (NFI), education, food security, nutrition and protection clusters on 21 August 2021. Twenty-five million people are estimated to be living in poverty because of the political situation and the legacy of the COVID-19 pandemic. We see a reversal of many of the development gains made in the 2010s and early 2020s. The conflict continues, escalating across multiple states and regions in Myanmar, particularly in the North-west and the South-east, leaving people displaced and in severe humanitarian needs, with no signs of abating. The countrywide humanitarian crisis occurred against a backdrop of long-standing communal conflicts in Rakhine, Kachin and Northern Shan, which had prompted the Emergency Relief Coordinator to activate the health, WASH and shelter/NFI clusters on 15 January 2013 in Rakhine and Kachin. The protracted emergency between Rakhine ethnic groups and self-identified Rohingya populations commenced in June 2012, with acute exacerbation in October 2016 and August 2017. The protracted emergency due to communal conflicts between the Myanmar Military and ethnic armed organizations in Kachin had recurred between mid-2011 and mid-2018, following a 17-year ceasefire. While there were fewer incidents of armed clashes after 2018, these recurred following the 2021 military takeover and continued in 2022 and 2023. The protracted emergency due to communal conflicts between the Myanmar Military and ethnic armed organizations started in Northern Shan in mid-2011, and resulted in massive internal displacements in September 2019, and following the military takeover in June 2021 and December 2022. Forced military recruitment remains a major concern in Northern Shan. Already in dire need of humanitarian assistance, an estimated 1.6 million people across five states and regions of Myanmar bore the brunt of the extremely severe Cyclone Mocha, which crossed the coast near Sittwe in Rakhine at mid-day on 14 May 2023. With winds reaching 190–250 km/hour, Mocha was one of the fiercest cyclones the country had ever faced. It brought heavy rains, floods, winds and tidal surge, reaching 5–7 feet, across the coast and low-lying areas in Rakhine. It continued further inland, affecting Chin, Magway, Sagaing and Kachin. The latest field observations show that at least 52 townships have been affected across Rakhine, Chin, Magway, Sagaing and Kachin; 135 467 houses, 1452 schools, 315 health facilities and 75 297 latrines have been impacted on the sites of observations. Of the 315 health facilities affected, 151 were situated in villages and 52 at internally displaced persons (IDP) camp/site clinics. Myanmar occupies the highest rank in the INFORM Risk Index for hazard and exposure, scoring 9.2/10. The country scores 10/10 for hazards and exposure to human conflict, and has a vulnerability score of 5.5/10, with development, deprivation and inequality being the gravest concerns. It has a score of 6.1/10 for lack of coping capacity, which is largely institutional. The country ranks 16th on the INFORM risk list because of high hazard and exposure, vulnerability and lack of coping capacity (ACAPS, 2023). While the economic condition in the country has stabilized in the first half of 2023, with most indicators suggesting slowly increasing economic activity, the Myanmar economy is still operating well below pre-pandemic levels, in sharp contrast to the rest of the WHO South-East Asia Region. Several factors are constraining the pace of recovery: household incomes remain weak, limiting the ability of domestic demand to drive growth; high prices and shortages resulting from import restrictions make it difficult for many businesses to source essential inputs; power outages have become prominent; and investment remains weak, with new business registrations at a low level. Overall, GDP is projected to increase by 3% by September 2023, still around 10% lower than that in 2019. The absence of a more pronounced rebound is indicative of the severe supply and demand constraints that continue to limit economic activity (World Bank, 2023). Further information about the political, socioeconomic and security context in Myanmar can be found in the Myanmar Humanitarian Need Overview (HNO) 2023- https://data.unhcr.org/en/documents/details/90298 Finally, Myanmar presents unique geographical conditions with 2.9 million people living in 49 townships that are defined as hard-to-reach and hardest-to-reach, according to road accessibility across seasons. Particularly since February 2021, these townships, associated with the conflict-affected ones, are facing large disparities in terms of access to health care, delivery of medicines and medical devices, and referrals to specialized care..."