"Warming of the Earth's climate system is evident from the observed increases in the average global air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice, and rising global average sea level. Weather events of all kinds are getting more extreme. In arid areas, droughts and wildfires intensify. Number of cold days and nights decreases, while winter temperatures and precipitation become more extreme. Cities experience more frequent and extreme heat waves. Temperatures will continue to rise in future. Most scientists agree on the "threshold" of a 2°C increase in global average temperature on the pre-industrial levels, above which humans and nature will not be able to cope with the negative effects of climate change. Myanmar is already experiencing significant losses due to climate change, and without adaptation, country's future development will be impeded. There are eight major physiographic regions in Myanmar: the Ayeyarwady Delta, Central Dry Zone, Northern Hilly Region, Rakhine Coastal Region, Eastern Hilly Region, Southern Coastal Region, Yangon Deltaic Region, and Southern Interior Region. These regions form three main agroecological zones: i) Central Dry Zone; ii) Coastal Zone; and iii) Hilly Zone (Figure 1). The latter are used to describe climate variability and change at the sub-national level. The country's climate is tropical to subtropical monsoon with three seasons: (i) hot, dry intermonsoonal (mid-February to mid-May); (ii) rainy southwest monsoon (mid-May to late October); and (iii) cool, relatively dry northeast monsoon (late October to mid-February). Annual climate patterns, as well as seasonal temperatures and precipitation vary across the country, as summarized below..."