"...Our data reveal that Government authorities have perpetrated human rights violations against the ethnic Chin population in Western Burma. Although other researchers have posited that a prima facie case exists for crimes against humanity in Burma, the current study provides the first quantitative data on these alleged crimes. At least eight of the violations that we surveyed fall within the purview of the International Criminal Court (ICC) and may constitute crimes against humanity. The ICC has jurisdiction over the most serious crimes of concern to the international community, including murder, extermination, enslavement, forced displacement, arbitrary detention, torture, rape, group persecution, enforced disappearance, apartheid, and other inhumane acts. For acts to be investigated by the ICC as crimes against humanity, three common elements must be established: (1) Prohibited acts took place after 1 July 2002 when the ICC treaty entered into force. (2) Such acts were committed by government authorities as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against a civilian population. (3) The perpetrator intended or knew that the conduct was part of the attack. Our research demonstrates that the human rights violations we surveyed in Chin State meet these necessary elements. All reported human rights violations in our study occurred during the immediate 12 months before the interview in 2010 and thus fall within the temporal jurisdiction of the ICC. Additionally, our data show that 1,768 attacks were directed against a relatively large body of civilian victims. And although there is no threshold definition of what constitutes widespread, these data provide evidence that these reported abuses occurred on a large scale with numerous victims. Coupled with qualitative information that our team of investigators gathered, this quantitative data reveal patterns of abuse that constitute systematic targeting and executing of human rights violations against an ethnic and religious minority. While our data imply knowledge that would satisfy the third element of the definition of a crime against humanity, further evidence is needed to establish individual culpability. This evidence would likely stem from a U.N. Commission of Inquiry or another thorough investigation..."