Abstract: "The Myanmar Parliament has passed the Farmland Law and the Vacant, Fallow, and Virgin Lands Management Law . Both pieces of legislation form part of a legislative re sponse as Myanmar (Burma) emerges from a sixty year period of chronic armed conflict. Part 2 of this paper outlines the underlying grievances associated with land disputes with a focus upon Kayin (Karen) and Rakhin e (Arakan) states. Part 3 critically analyses the relevant constitutio nal and legislative framework and the role of Parliamentary bodies in l ight of these underlying grievances. Part 4 adopts a comparative stance and considers the approach taken in Kenya as it has sought to add ress similar issues. Finally, Part 5 reflects upon the role that constit utional and legislative reform in relation to land disputes plays in the on going development of the substantive rule of law in Myanmar (Burma)."