Commentary: Forced Porterage... The rampant use of civilian porters and stealing of livestock during military operations... Villagers forced to be guides & porters, a cow shot, chickens stolen, a man beaten, in Lai-Kha... Villagers forced to be porters, a pig stolen, chickens extorted, consumer goods forcibly taken, in Murng-Kerng and Kae-See... Villagers conscripted as porters, cow shot and eaten, in Kae-See and Murng-Kerng... The use of porters as protection and conscription of women as porters... Women taken as unpaid porters in lieu of men in Kae-See... Men and women forced to be porters and human shields, in Murng-Su... Villagers forced to carry muskets and be porters in the vanguard, in Murng-Paeng... Townspeople forced to be porters and human shields in Kae-See... Forced porterage, a cause of displacement... Excessive conscription of villagers and their vehicles for porterage causes them to flee, in Si-Paw... The use of peoples animals during military patrols... Villagers and their animals conscripted as unpaid porters, money extorted, in Murng-Pan .