HRDU Yearbook 2007 | Chapter 1 Endnotes

Endnotes - Rights of Women

1. Source: “No Soft Touch,” Irrawaddy, 5 October 2007.

2. Sources: “WLB demand an immediate end to war crimes in Burma,”WLB, 26 October 2006; Combined second and third periodic reports of States parties – Myanmar, Committee on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women, 4 September 2007: 8.

3. Sources: Freedom in the World – Burma (Myanmar) 2007, Freedom House, June 2007; Burma Country Report on Human Rights Practices-2006, Bureau of Human Rights, Democracy and Labor, U.S. Department of State, 6 March 2007.

4. Source: Looking Through Gender Lenses, WLB, September 2006.

5. Signed 22 July 1997.

6. Source: Combined second and third periodic reports of States parties – Myanmar, Committee on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination against Women, 4 September 2007: 9.

7. Sources: Burma Country Report on Human Rights Practices – 2006, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, U.S. Department of State, 6 March 2007; Freedom in the World – Burma (Myanmar) 2007, Freedom House, June 2007; Looking Through Gender Lenses, WLB, September 2007; “General Livelihood of Women in Southern Burma.” WCRP, March 2007.

8. Source: Freedom in the World – Burma (Myanmar) 2007, Freedom House, June 2007.

9. Source: European Union Humanitarian Aid Department figures, cited in “Health care crisis facing displaced Mon,” The Mon Forum, 28 February 2007.

10. Source: “Poor health care in Rural Areas” The Mon Forum, 31 May 2007.

11. Sources: Burma Issues and Concerns, V4 The Security Dimensions, Altsean Burma, April 2007: 18; The Gathering Storm: Infectious Diseases and Human Rights in Burma, Human Rights Center, UCA, Center for Public Health and Human Rights, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, July 2007: 2.

12. Sources: Burma Country Report on Human Rights Practices – 2006, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, U.S. Department of State, 6 March 2007; Freedom in the World – Burma (Myanmar) 2007, Freedom House, June 2007; Looking Through Gender Lenses, WLB, September 2007; “General Livelihood of Women in Southern Burma.” WCRP, March 2007.

13. Source: Looking Through the Gender Lens; Position Paper on Gender Equality, WLB, September 2006.

14. Source: “Burmese activists redraw stronger draft constitution,” NMG, 26 April 2007.

15. Source: Burma Country Report on Human Rights Practices-2006, Bureau of Human Rights, Democracy and Labor, U.S. Department of State, 6 March 2007.

16. Source: Human Development Report 2007/2008 Fighting climate change: Human solidarity in a divided World, UNDP, 2007.

17. Source: Combined second and third periodic reports of States parties – Myanmar, Committee on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination against Women, 4 September 2007: 15.

18. Sources: Burma Issues and Concerns V4, The Security Dimensions, Altsean Burma, April 2007: 39; “UN Security Council Discusses Gender-based Violence,” Irrawaddy, 24 October 2007.

19. Resolution No. 1325.

20. Source: “China and Russia veto UNSC Resolution on Burma” Burma Bulletin,Altsean Burma, January 2007.

21. Sources: “UN Security Council Discusses Gender-based Violence,” Irrawaddy, 24 October 2007; “Women Activists call for Rights, Protection,” Irrawaddy, 17 October 2007.

22. Source: Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, UN Committee on the Status of Women, 1995.

23. Source: Any Progress for the Lives of Women in Burma since Beijing? WLB, February 2005.

24. Source: Statement by the Women’s League of Burma, quoted in “Noble Laureates Draw Attention to Role of Women in Protests,” Mizzima News, 3 September 2007.

25. Source: Looking Through Gender Lenses, WLB, September 2006.

26. Source: Situation Update of Members of Parliament in Burma, NCGUB, 27 May 2007.

27. Source: Ibid.

28. Sources: Courage to Resist: Women Human Rights Defenders of Burma, WLB, November 2007’ “Violence against Women serious problem in Burma,” Irrawaddy, 28 November 2007.

29. Sources: AAPP figures cited in Courage to Resist: Women Human Rights Defenders of Burma, WLB, November 2007: 21; UN Human Rights Rapporteur to Burma, Paulo Sergio Pinheiro, cited in “Human Rights Day Coincides with UN Secretary-General’s visit to Thailand,” Irrawaddy, 10 December 2007; WLB cited in “Attention drawn to Burma’s Women Leaders,” Mizzima News, 23 November 2007.

30. Source: “Burma Releases Ten Activists,” BBC Burmese Service, 2 December 2007.

31. Sources: Courage to Resist: Women Human Rights Defenders of Burma, WLB, November 2007: 4; “Human Rights Day coincides with UN Secretary-General’s visit to Thailand,” Irrawaddy, 10 December 2007.

32. Source: Burma Country Report on Human Rights Practices – 2006, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, U.S. Department of State, 6 March 2007.

33. Source: Combined second and third periodic reports of States parties – Myanmar, Committee on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women, 4 September 2007: 8.

34. Source: Ibid.

35. Sources: Burma Country Report on Human Rights Practices-2006, Bureau of Human Rights, Democracy and Labor, U.S. Department of State, 6 March 2007; Combined second and third periodic reports of States parties – Myanmar, Committee on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women, 4 September 2007: 9.

36. Sources: Burma Country Report on Human Rights Practices-2006, Bureau of Human Rights, Democracy and Labor, U.S. Department of State, 6 March 2007; Burmese Women Uninterested in Myanmar Women’s Day, IMNA, 4 July 2007.

37. Source: “Burmese authorities reject ICRC Criticism,” DVB, 4 July 2007.

38. Source: Burma Country Report on Human Rights Practices – 2006, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, U.S. Department of State, 6 March 2007.

39. Sources: “MWAF Collects Money and Forces Young Women to join,” IMNA, 3 April 2007; “MWAF’s desperate move to recruit new members,” Mizzima News, 5 July 2007; Burmese Women Uninterested in Myanmar Women’s Day, IMNA, 4 July 2007; Courage to Resist: Women Human Rights Defenders of Burma, WLB, November 2007: 18-19.

40. Source: Burmese Women Uninterested in Myanmar Women’s Day, IMNA, 4 July 2007.

41. Source: Dignity in the Shadow of Oppression, KHRG, November 2006.

42. Source: Situation Update of Members of Parliament in Burma, NCGUB, 27 May 2007; “SPDC crackdown on opposition intensifies,” Burma Bulletin, Altsean Burma, February 2007.

43. Source: “Rangoon Woman intimidated for appearing as witness in Court,” DVB, 3 April 2007.

44. Source: “Harassment and arrests,” Burma Bulletin, Altsean Burma, May 2007.

45. Source: Ibid.

46. Source: Ibid.

47. Source: Implementation of General Assembly Resolution 60/251 of 15 March 2006 entitled “Human Rights Council” UN Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar, Paulo Sergio Pinheiro, 12 February 2007.

48. Source: “Five Women NLD members attacked for Praying,” Mizzima News, 13 June 2007.

49. Sources: Courage to Resist: Women Human Rights Defenders of Burma, WLB, November 2007: 11; “Prominent Burmese Woman Activist Arrested in Rangoon,” Irrawaddy, 18 September 2007.

50. Source: Courage to Resist: Women Human Rights Defenders of Burma, WLB, November 2007: 15.

51. Source: Ibid: 16.

52. Source: Ibid: 12.

53. Source: “Women’s Group Chair Ill-treated in Detention,” DVB, 14 December 2007.

54. Sources: Courage to Resist: Women Human Rights Defenders of Burma, WLB, November 2007: 10; “Women Activists in Hiding,” Irrawaddy, 11 September 2007; “No Soft Touch,” Irrawaddy, 5 October 2007.

55. Source: “Woman Arrested over prayer vigil in Myanmar,” AFP, 5 September 2007.

56. Source: “Two more activists arrested in Bogalay,” DVB, 7 September 2007.

57. Sources: Courage to Resist: Women Human Rights Defenders of Burma, WLB, November 2007: 13; “Prominent Burmese Woman Activist Arrested in Rangoon,” Irrawaddy, 18 September 2007.

58. Sources: “More details of deaths during protests emerge”, AHRC, 24 October 2007; “Burma Releases Ten Activists,” BBC Burmese Service, 2 December 2007.

59. Sources: “Prominent Burmese Woman Activist Arrested in Rangoon,” Irrawaddy, 18 September 2007; Courage to Resist: Women Human Rights Defenders of Burma, WLB, November 2007: 4, 15.

60. Source: Courage to Resist: Women Human Rights Defenders of Burma, WLB, November 2007: 8.

61. Source: “Health care crisis facing displaced Mon,” The Mon Forum, 28 February 2007.

62. Source: Burma Economic Review 2005-2006, The Burma Fund, June 2007.

63. Source: Ibid.

64. Sources: Burma Economic Review 2005-2006, The Burma Fund, June 2007; The Gathering Storm: Infectious Diseases and Human Rights in Burma, Human Rights Center, UCA, Center for Public Health and Human Rights, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, July 2007: 53.

65. Source: “Health care crisis facing displaced Mon,” The Mon Forum, 28 February 2007.

66. Source: “6.6 Million taka worth of Birth Control Seized at Burma-Bangladesh Border”, Narinjara News, 9 July 2007.

67. Source: “Poor health care in Rural Areas” The Mon Forum, 31 May 2007.

68. Source: “Pregnant Woman Dies on the way to Bangladesh,” Kaladan News, 29 October 2007.

69. Source: “Mother and Son Die from Lack of Treatment,” Kaladan News, 1 October 2007.

70. Source: “Pregnant Woman Dies on the way to Bangladesh,” Kaladan News, 29 October 2007.

71. Sources: The Gathering Storm: Infectious Diseases and Human Rights in Burma, Human Rights Center, UCA, Center for Public Health and Human Rights, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, July 2007: 53, 101; Displacement and Dispossession: Forced Migration and Land Rights, COHRE, November 2007: 17.

72. Source: The Gathering Storm: Infectious Diseases and Human Rights in Burma, Human Rights Center, UCA, Center for Public Health and Human Rights, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, July 2007: 53.

73. Source: “Myanmar’s Abandoned Children Ending up in Thai Border Town,” AFP, 30 September 2007.

74. Sources: “Burma’s Uphill Struggle to contain HIV/AIDS”, IRIN/Rangoon, Irrawaddy, 2 February 2007; “Burma’s HIV Rates Falling as Funds Dry Up, Say Experts,” Irrawaddy, 22 August 2007; Source: The Gathering Storm: Infectious Diseases and Human Rights in Burma, Human Rights Center, UCA, Center for Public Health and Human Rights, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, July 2007: 57; Burma Issues and Concerns Vol 4, The Security Dimensions, Altsean Burma, April 2007: 19.

75. Source: The Gathering Storm: Infectious Diseases and Human Rights in Burma, Human Rights Center, UCA, Center for Public Health and Human Rights, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, July 2007: 57.

76. Sources: HIV/AIDS in the South-East Asia Region, WHO, March 2007; “Burma’s Uphill Struggle to contain HIV/AIDS”, IRIN/Rangoon, Irrawaddy, 2 February 2007; U.N. AIDS 2006 figures cited in Burma Economic Review 2005-2006, The Burma Fund, June 2007.

77. Sources: HIV/AIDS in the South-East Asia Region, WHO, March 2007; AIDS epidemic update, UNAIDS, December 2007; : The Gathering Storm: Infectious Diseases and Human Rights in Burma, Human Rights Center, UCA, Center for Public Health and Human Rights, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, July 2007: 57.

78. Source: The Gathering Storm: Infectious Diseases and Human Rights in Burma, Human Rights Center, UCA, Center for Public Health and Human Rights, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, July 2007: 57.

79. Source: HIV/AIDS in the South-East Asia Region, WHO, March 2007.

80. Source: The Gathering Storm: Infectious Diseases and Human Rights in Burma, Human Rights Center, UCA, Center for Public Health and Human Rights, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, July 2007: 60.

81. Sources: “Burma’s HIV Rates Falling as Funds Dry Up, Say Experts,” Irrawaddy, 22 August 2007; HIV/AIDS in the South-East Asia Region, WHO, March 2007; The Gathering Storm: Infectious Diseases and Human Rights in Burma, Human Rights Center, UCA, Center for Public Health and Human Rights, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, July 2007: 105.

82. Sources: “Burma’s HIV Rates Falling as Funds Dry Up, Say Experts,” Irrawaddy, 22 August 2007; “Selling Safer Sex in Conservative Burma” Irrawaddy, September 2007; “Burma’s Uphill Struggle to contain HIV/AIDS”, IRIN/Rangoon, Irrawaddy, 2 February 2007.

83. Sources: The Gathering Storm: Infectious Diseases and Human Rights in Burma, Human Rights Center, UCA, Center for Public Health and Human Rights, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, July 2007: 57, 81; AIDS epidemic update, UNAIDS, December 2007.

84. Source: The Gathering Storm: Infectious Diseases and Human Rights in Burma, Human Rights Center, UCA, Center for Public Health and Human Rights, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, July 2007: 106.

85. Source: “Burma’s Uphill Struggle to contain HIV/AIDS”, IRIN/Rangoon, Irrawaddy, 2 February 2007.

86. Source: HIV/AIDS in the South-East Asia Region, WHO, March 2007.

87. Source: Ibid.

88. Source: Combined second and third periodic reports of States parties – Myanmar, Committee on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women, 4 September 2007: 46.

89. Source: Burma Issues and Concerns Vol 4, The Security Dimensions, Altsean Burma, April 2007: 19.

90. Sources: The Gathering Storm: Infectious Diseases and Human Rights in Burma, Human Rights Center, UCA, Center for Public Health and Human Rights, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, July 2007: 59; Valley of Darkness: Goldmining and Militarization in Burma’s Hugawng Valley, KDNG, 2007.

91. Sources: WHO 2006 figures cited in Burma Economic Review 2005-2006, The Burma Fund, June 2007; “Civil War and ramifications for Health Care”, The Mon Forum, 28 February 2007; “Livelihoods in the Border Camps: Affects on Healthcare” The Mon Forum, 28 February 2007.

92. Source: “World AIDS day means Little in Burma,” Irrawaddy, 30 November 2007.

93. Source: “They Came in the Night, Ready to Kill,” Irrawaddy, 27 September 2007; “Monasteries again targeted in raids,” DVB, 5 October 2007; “Maggin abbot pressured to leave Rangoon,” DVB, 3 December 2007; “World AIDS day means Little in Burma,” Irrawaddy, 30 November 2007.

94. Source: The Gathering Storm: Infectious Diseases and Human Rights in Burma, Human Rights Center, UCA, Center for Public Health and Human Rights, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, July 2007: 15.

95. Source: “Burmese Darfur: The Silent Genocide of Myanmar,” J Kremb, 7 September 2007.

96. Source: Shouldering the Burden of Militarisation, KHRG, 2 August 2007.

97. Sources: State of Terror, KWO, 12 February 2007: 7; Shouldering the Burden of Militarisation, KHRG, 2 August 2007; “Deaf Villager Shot and Killed at Point Blank, Woman Murdered, Thousands Flee and Thousands More Forced to Do Labor,”FBR, 21 May 2007.

98. Source: Shouldering the Burden of Militarisation, KHRG, 2 August 2007.

99. Sources: Surviving in Shadow: Widespread militarisation and the systemic use of forced labour in the campaign for control of Thaton District, KHRG, January 2006; Shouldering the Burden of Militarisation, KHRG, 2 August 2007.

100. Ratified in 1955.

101. Source: Shouldering the Burden of Militarisation, KHRG, 2 August 2007.

102. Source: Ibid.

103. Source: Ibid.

104. Sources: State of Terror, KWO, 12 February 2007: 7; Shouldering the Burden of Militarisation, KHRG, 2 August 2007; Dignity in the Shadow of Oppression: The Abuse and Agency of Karen Women under Militarisation, KHRG, 22 November 2006; Burmese Military rapes, Tortures Women: Report, DVB, 12 February 2007.

105. Sources: Dignity in the Shadow of Oppression: The Abuse and Agency of Karen Women under Militarisation, KHRG, 22 November 2006; Shouldering the Burden of Militarisation, KHRG, 2 August 2007.

106. Source: Minorities in Burma, MRGI, October 2007; Displacement and Dispossession: Forced Migration and Land Rights, COHRE, November 2007: 82.

107. Source: “SPDC Soldiers target Chin Women for Porter”, Rhododendron News, CHRO, Volume X. No. I. January-February 2007

108. Source: Ibid.

109. Source: State of Terror, KWO, 12 February 2007: 10-11.

110. Source: Provoking Displacement in Toungoo District: Forced labour, restrictions and attacks, KHRG, 30 May 2007; Shouldering the Burden of Militarisation, KHRG, 2 August 2007.

111. Source: The Compounding Consequences of DKBA Oppression: Abuse, poverty and food insecurity in Thaton District, KHRG, 9 July 2007.

112. Source: Shouldering the Burden of Militarisation, KHRG, 2 August 2007.

113. Sources: “Women and Elders Forced to guard gas pipeline” IMNA, 28 May 2007; “Forced recruitment of women and children: guarding gas pipelines” The Mon Forum, June 2007.

114. Source: “Magwe Residents File Complaint with ILO” DVB, 27 July 2007.

115. Source: Displacement and Dispossession: Forced Migration and Land Rights, COHRE, November 2007: 108.

116. Source: “Women forced to patrol village in Southern Ye Township”, The Mon Forum, 28 February 2007.

117. Source: Shouldering the Burden of Militarisation, KHRG, 2 August 2007.

118. Source: “Burmese Military rapes, Tortures Women: Report,”DVB, 12 February 2007.

119. Source: “Women forced to patrol village in Southern Ye Township”, The Mon Forum, 28 February 2007.

120. Source: “Myanmar says US Human Trafficking Report Disappointing,” AP, 18 June 2007.

121. Source: Trafficking in Persons Report, U.S. Department of State, 12 June 2007.

122. Source: “Over 230 Boat-People on way to Malaysia,” Kaladan News, 5 December 2007.

123. Source: Burma Country Report on Human Rights Practices-2006, Bureau of Human Rights, Democracy and Labor, U.S. Department of State, 6 March 2007; Trafficking in Persons Report, Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons, U.S. Department of State, 12 June 2007.

124. Source: “Group Works to Rescue Victims of Human Trafficking,” Irrawaddy, 2 March 2007.

125. Source: “Burmese Women Used as Sex Slaves in Chinese Night Club,” KNG, 9 November 2007.

126. Source: “Human Traffickers still active in Central Burma,” DVB, 31 March 2007.

127. Sources: “33 Human Traffickers handed life sentence in Burma,” Narinjara News, 20 February 2007; “The SPDC against traffickers,” Burma Bulletin, Altsean Burma, February 2007.

128. Source: “Kachin Women forced to be wives of Chinese men,” KNG, 23 April 2007.

129. Source: “Myanmar Plans to set up more Border Liaison Officers to curb human trafficking,” Xinhua General News Service, 10 August 2007.

130. Sources: “Human trafficking a growing problem,” AP, 14 December 2007;’ Burma Country Report on Human Rights Practices-2006, Bureau of Human Rights, Democracy and Labor, U.S. Department of State, 6 March 2007.

131. Source: “Myanmar Plans to set up more Border Liaison Officers to curb human trafficking,” Xinhua General News Service, 10 August 2007.

132. Sources: Trafficking in Persons Report, U.S. Dept. of State, 12 June 2007; Burma Country Report on Human Rights Practices-2006, Bureau of Human Rights, Democracy and Labor, U.S. Department of State, 6 March 2007.

133. Source: Combined second and third periodic reports of States parties – Myanmar, Committee on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women, 4 September 2007: 18.

134. Source: “The SPDC against traffickers,” Burma Bulletin, Altsean Burma, February 2007.

135. Source: “Five Human Trafficking Suspects arrested in Burma,” Irrawaddy, 19 July 2007.

136. Sources: “Wa sacrifice at what price?”, Shan Drug Watch, SHAN, June 2007; Annual Report 2007, UN ODC.

137. Sources: Burma Country Report on Human Rights Practices-2006, Bureau of Human Rights, Democracy and Labor, U.S. Department of State, 6 March 2007; “Prostitution Thrives as Young Girls Struggle in Mon State,” Kaowao News, 27 May 2007; “Selling Safer Sex in Conservative Burma” Irrawaddy, September 2007; Valley of Darkness: Goldmining and Militarization in Burma’s Hugawng Valley, KDNG, 2007; “Chinese Contractor expedites work in Chipwe Hydro Power Project”, KNG, 14 December 2007; Displacement and Dispossession: Forced Migration and Land Rights, COHRE, November 2007: 76, 120-121.

138. Source: Valley of Darkness: Gold Mining and Militarisation in Burma’s Hugawng Valley, KDNG, 2007

139. Source: Ibid.

140. Source: Ibid.

141. Source: Burma Economic Review 2005-2006, The Burma Fund, June 2007.

142. Source: The Gathering Storm: Infectious Diseases and Human Rights in Burma, Human Rights Center, UCA, Center for Public Health and Human Rights, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, July 2007.

143. Source: “A Chin girl speaks at UN about gender violence in Burma”, Chinland Guardian, 27 February 2007.

144. Source: Unsafe State, WLC, March 2007.

145 Sources: Burma Country Report on Human Rights Practices-2006, Bureau of Human Rights, Democracy and Labor, U.S. Department of State, 6 March 2007; "Fresh Start Needed to Deal with Junta," Sydney Morning Herald, 11 December 2007; Burma Issues and Concerns Vol 4, The Security Dimensions, Altsean Burma, April 2007: 39; “US wants UN to investigate reports of Rape by Burmese Army,” Irrawaddy, 17 October 2007; “Women Directly Targeted in Burmese Regime’s Terror Campaign in Karen State,” KWO, 12 February 2007.

146. Source: State of Terror, KWO, 12 February 2007: 4.

147. Source: Burmese Military rapes, Tortures Women: Report, DVB, 12 February 2007.

148. Source: “Burma’s persecuted Christians plea case in highest U.S. hearings”, Christian Post Reporter, 12 February 2007.

149. Sources: “Security Council calls for greater protection of civilians in Burma,” Mizzima News, 26 June 2007; “US wants UN to investigate reports of Rape by Burmese Army,” Irrawaddy, 17 October 2007; “A Chin girl speaks at UN about gend.

150. Source: “Fears over imminent China-Burma oil and gas pipelines”, SWAN, October 2007.

151. Source: Damming the Irrawaddy, KDNG, undated: 46.

152. Source: Implementation of General Assembly Resolution 60/251 of 15 March 2006 entitled “Human Rights Council” Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar, Paulo Sergio Pinheiro, 12 February 2007.

153. Source: “Security Council calls for greater protection of civilians in Burma,” Mizzima News, 26 June 2007.

154. Source: Combined second and third periodic reports of States parties – Myanmar, Committee on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women, 4 September 2007: 15.

155. Source: “Burmese Soldiers Accused of Rape in Chin Report,” Irrawaddy, 28 March 2007.

156. Sources: Burma Country Report on Human Rights Practices-2006, Bureau of Human Rights, Democracy and Labor, U.S. Department of State, 6 March 2007; Freedom in the World – Burma (Myanmar) 2007, Freedom House, June 2007.

157. Source: Burma Country Report on Human Rights Practices-2006, Bureau of Human Rights, Democracy and Labor, U.S. Department of State, 6 March 2007.

158. Source: Ibid.

159. Source: “Women Activists call for Rights, Protection,” Irrawaddy, 24 October 2007.

160. Source: 2007 Survey: Internal Displacement in Eastern Burma, TBBC, October 2007: 50.

161. Source: “Rohingya’s House Looted by Burmese Soldiers,” Kaladan News, 27 July 2007.

162. Source: “Hindu Girl Severely Beaten up by Burma’s Security Force,” Kaladan News, 27 November 2007.

163. Source: “Woman Detained in Nasaka Camp, Tortured,” Kaladan News, 1 December 2007.

164. Source: “Burma Army kills three villagers, hundreds flee new attacks,” FBR, 6 December 2007.

165. Source: “Four villagers killed, three shot point blank, as 2,000 flee Burma Army attacks,” FBR, 7 April 2007.

166. Source: “Burma Army Continues to Rape and Kill as National Convention Reconvenes,” CSW, 20 July 2007.

167. Source: Deaf Villager Shot and Killed at Point Blank, Woman Murdered, Thousands Flee and Thousands More Forced to Do Labor,FBR, 21 May 2007.

168. Source: Ibid.

169. Source: “SPDC cannot take on 30 Mon rebels (Online opinion),” IMNA, 6 February 2007.

170. Source: “Women Activists call for Rights, Protection,” Irrawaddy, 24 October 2007.

171. Source: “An Elderly Woman Severely Kicked and Wounded in Kaeng-Tung,” SHRF Monthly, SHRF, October 2007.

172. Source: “Village chairman killed while attempting rape in Maungdaw” Kaladan News, 9 April 2007.

173. Source: “Rohingya Woman Tortured, Gang Raped and Killed,” Kaladan News, 2 April 2007.

174. Source: “Brother Arrested, Parents Charged after Student Insulted by Officer”, Narinjara News, 4 December 2007.

175. Source: “Soldiers in Arakan gang rape two women, one dies,” Kaladan News, 20 August 2007.

176. Source: “Girl Raped and Killed by Youth in Buthidaung,” Kaladan News, 20 November 2007.

177. Sources: “Economy” Burma Bulletin, November 2007; “Girl Raped and Killed in Maungdaw,” Kaladan News, 18 November 2007.

178. Source: “Tragedy of Girl in Maungdaw,” Narinjara News, 10 December 2007.

179. Sources: Damming the Irrawaddy, KDNG, undated: 44; “Activists Condemn Jailing of four Kachin Schoolgirls,” Kaladan News, 20 March 2007; “Organised Protest against 7 SPDC Rapists,” KNG, 2 April 2007; “Gang rape by soldiers reported in Kachin State,” Irrawaddy, 15 February 2007; “Kachin Girls sent to prison for reporting being rape victims,” DVB, 2 April 2007; “Mother of Military Rape Victim Dies, BSHS Headmistress removed,” KNG, 27 July 2007.

180. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 9/07”, KNU, 2 April 2007.

181. Source: “Burma Army Continues to Rape and Kill as National Convention Reconvenes,” CSW, 20 July 2007.

182. Source: The Compounding Consequences of DKBA Oppression: Abuse, poverty and food insecurity in Thaton District, KHRG, 9 July 2007.

183. Source: “Sexual Violence in Thaton District,” Burma Issues, 22 May 2007.

184. Sources: “Burmese Darfur: The Silent Genocide of Myanmar”, J Kremb, 7 September 2007; “Deaf Villager Shot and Killed at Point Blank,” FBR, 21 May 2007; “The situation of villagers,” KHRG Report, 9 August 2007: 6.

185. Source: “A Woman Gang-Raped and Killed, Her Cow Stolen, in Murng-Nai,” SHRF Monthly Report, SHRF, October 2007.

186. Sources: “Let the International Criminal Court (ICC) Decide the actions of the Burma Army”, SHAN, 17 December 2007; SHRF Monthly Report, SHRF, November 2007.

187. Source: “Salween dam construction launched in southern Shan State”, SWAN, October 2007.

188. Source: “Let the International Criminal Court (ICC) Decide the actions of the Burma Army”, SHAN, 17 December 2007.

189. Source: Ibid.

190. Source: Ibid.

191. Source: Ibid.

192. Source: “A Girl was raped by SPDC soldiers in Shan State” Mizzima News, 17 December 2007.

193. Source: 2007 Survey: Internal Displacement in Eastern Burma,” TBBC, October 2007: 49.

194. Source: Displacement and Dispossession: Forced Migration and Land Rights, COHRE, November 2007: 83.

195. Sources: Human Development Report 2007/2008 Fighting climate change: Human solidarity in a divided world, UNDP, 2007; Damming the Irrawaddy, KDNG, undated: 1, 45-46; “General Livelihood of Women in Southern Burma.” WCRP, March 2007.

196. Source: Burma Country Report on Human Rights Practices-2006, Bureau of Human Rights, Democracy and Labor, U.S. Department of State, 6 March 2007.

197. Sources: Burma Country Report on Human Rights Practices – 2006, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, U.S. Department of State, 6 March 2007; Freedom in the World – Burma (Myanmar) 2007, Freedom House, June 2007; Looking Through Gender Lenses, WLB, September 2007; “General Livelihood of Women in Southern Burma,” WCRP, March 2007.

198. Source: “General Livelihood of Women in Southern Burma”, WCRP, March 2007.

199. Source: “A Chin girl sent home and denied for health training for wearing Longpants,” Rhododendron News, CHRO, January-February 2007.

200. Sources: Minorities in Burma, MRGI, October 2007; “UN Human Rights Experts Urge Burma to Address Discrimination against Rohingya,” Kaladan News, 3 April 2007

201. Source: “Girl paraded by police without clothes, except ‘Tami’,” Kaladan News, 30 April 2007.

202. Source: “Mother and Child Jump into Lake for Fear of Arrest,” Kaladan News, 1 October 2007.

203. Source: Under the Boot, PYNG, 2007; Damming the Irrawaddy, KDNG, undated: 44.

204. Source: Under the Boot, PYNG, 2007: 23.

205. Source: Freedom in the World – Burma (Myanmar) 2007, Freedom House, June 2007; Burma Country Report on Human Rights Practices-2006, Bureau of Human Rights, Democracy and Labor, U.S. Department of State, 6 March 2007.

206. Source: “Army accuses ethnics of Marrying their girls to Soldiers to desert”, Kaladan News, 22 December 2007.