2. Source: UNDP survey, to be published.
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4. Source: Humanitarian Situation UPDATE April 2007, Office of the UN Humanitarian Coordinator for Myanmar, 2007.
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22. Source: “Staff Report for 2006 Article IV Consultation Report on Myanmar,” IMF, 15 September 2006.
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26. Source: “Burmese Kyat Hits All-Time Low,” Irrawaddy, 29 March 2006.
27. Source: “Burmese Civil Servants Forced to Save 10% of Their Salary”, DVB, 5 June 2006.
28. Source: “Paper Money: Burmese Civil Servants Still Facing Hardship Despite Salary Hike”, DVB, 16 July 2006.
29. Sources: “SPDC’s Attempts to Control Commodities’ Prices”, IMNA, 4 April 2006; “Myanmar Takes Measures in Stabilizing Commodity Prices”, Xinhua, 6 April 2006.
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32. Source: Running on Empty: poverty and child malnutrition, SCUK, 6 July 2007.
33. Source: “Rice Trading Stalls in Rangoon,” DVB, 13 July 2007.
34. Sources: “Burmese Open Their Hearts,” Irrawaddy, 09 February 2007; “Open Heart yields results: Campaigners,” Mizzima News, 9 January 2007.
35. Source: “The hardship that sparked Burma’s unrest,” BBC, 2 October 2007.
36. Source: “Politics and the price of eggs,” AHRC, 4 May 2007.
37. Source: “Mother and sister of solo protester also arrested,” Mizzima News, 20 June 2007.
38. Source: “Gas Won’t Save Burma Economy, Says ADB,” Irrawaddy, 27 March 2007.
39. Source: “Burma’s Outlook ‘Poor’ As Inflation Soars To 35%,” Financial Times, 11 December 2007.
40. Source: “United Nations Warns Fuel Price Hikes Could Worsen Myanmar’s Economic Situation,” AP, 27 August 2007.
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44. Source: “Myanmar Protests Verge on Mass Movement,” Asia Times Online, 13 September 2007.
45. Source: “HIV/AIDS Patients Also Hit By Rising Prices,” Irrawaddy, 31 August 2007.
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47. Source: “Burma Junta Refuses To Bear Share of Pain,” Financial Times, 12 September 2007.
48. Sources: “Thailand and Myanmar at Odds Over Salween Dams”, Salween Watch, 13 December 2006; Burma Human Rights Yearbook 2006, HRDU, 25 June 2007.
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50. Sources: “China Eying Burma as a “Conduit” for Oil and Gas Supplies,” Irrawaddy, 12 April 2007; “Myanmar Cashes Up On Energy, But Locals in the Dark,” AFP, 16 April 2007.
51. Source: “Power Cuts Affect Economy In Rangoon”, Irrawaddy, 2 January 2006.
52. Source: “China Eying Burma as a “Conduit” for Oil and Gas Supplies,” Irrawaddy, 12 April 2007.
53. Source: “Myanmar Cashes Up On Energy, But Locals in the Dark,” AFP, 16 April 2007.
54. Source: “Myanmar Learns To Live with the Lights Out,” Reuters, 9 April 2007.
55. Source: “Rangoon Residents Enjoy Monsoonal Electricity Boom,” DVB, 23 July 2007.
56. Source: “Rangoon Reels under Prolonged Power Cuts,” Mizzima News, 23 November 2007.
57. Source: “The Electricity Cut Off In Capital of Kachin State,” KNG, 12 April 2007.
58. Source: “Acute Shortage of Electricity Disappoints Mon Residents,” IMNA, 21 February 2007.
59. Source: “Residents Complain of Lack of Electricity,” IMNA, 24 December 2007.
60. Source: “Electricity Supplied to Mon State by Private Firm at A Premium,” IMNA, 3 August 2007.
61. Source: “Myanmar Learns To Live with the Lights Out,” Reuters, 9 April 2007.
62. Source: “Authorities Sell Meter Box For Ten Times the Price at Kyat 3 Lakhs,” Khonumthoung News, 15 April 2007.
63. Source: “Myanmar Learns To Live with the Lights Out,” Reuters, 9 April 2007.
64.Source: “Myanmar’s remote capital is still a work in progress,” New York Times, 5 October 2007; “Myanmar Learns To Live with the Lights Out,” Reuters, 9 April 2007.
65. Source: Corruption Perceptions Index, Transparency International, 2007.
66. Source: “Burma Fails Corruption Index,” ABC Radio Australia, 11 July 2007.
67. Sources: “Army leaders get rich on fuel rorts,” The Age, 9 October 2007; “Corruption Spotlight Falls on Burma’s Civil Servants,” Irrawaddy, 2 February 2007.
68. Sources; “Army leaders get rich on fuel rorts,” The Age, 9 October 2007; “Military Corruption in Fuel Exposed Following Hike in Fuel Price,” IMNA, 17 August 2007.
69. Sources: “Burma releases over 300 jailed customs officers,” Mizzima News, 26 January 2007; “Burma Junta Frees Customs Officials in Anti-corruption Drive,” Irrawaddy, 26 January 2007; “Corruption Spotlight Falls on Burma’s Civil Servants,” Irrawaddy, 2 February 2007.
70. Sources: “Myanmar PM Warns Judges against Corruption,” AFP, 6 February 2007; “Two More Myanmar Ministries Invite Complaints about Malpractice,” Xinhua, 14 February 2007.
71. Source: “Aunglan Farmers Repeat Calls for Justice,” DVB, 16 January 2007.
72. Source: “Burma’s Economic Prospects; Testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on East Asian and Pacific Affairs”, BEW, 29 March 2006.
74. Source: “The Economic Follies and Fundamentals of Military Rule in Burma,” BEW Supplement, October 2007; “Gas Attack,” Wall Street Journal, 4 September 2007.
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78. Source: “The Economic Follies and Fundamentals of Military Rule in Burma,” BEW Supplement, October 2007.
79. Source: “Myanmar Devalues Currency in Border Trade,” AFP, 5 February 2007.
80. Source: “Bush Renews Burma Sanctions One More Year,” Irrawaddy, 2 August 2007.
81. Source: “UN Envoy to Begin Myanmar Trip Saturday as World Condemns Junta,” DPA, 28 September 2007.
82. Source: “Bush slaps new sanctions on Myanmar,” AFP, 19 October 2007.
83. Sources: “US Bill boosts sanctions against Myanmar,” AP, 11 December 2007; “Senate OKs bill ending US import of Myanmar gems,” Reuters, 20 December 2007.
84. Source: “U.S. Closes Loopholes in Sanctions,” Mizzima News, 12 December 2007.
85. Source: “Gem Industry Feeds Myanmar Military,” Aljazeera, 28 December 2007.
86. Source: “Myanmar to Auction Gems, Jewellery in November,” AFP, 17 September 2007.
87. Sources: “EU extends diplomatic, economic sanctions against Myanmar for another year,” International Herald Tribune, 23 April 2007; “EU Rolls over Diplomatic, Economic Sanctions against Myanmar for another Year,” AP, 23 April 2007.
88. Sources: “Brown threatens Myanmar investment sanctions,” Reuters, 17 October 2007; “EU implements sanctions on Myanmar junta, firms,” Reuters, 19 November 2007.
89. Sources: “ASEAN, EU Agree To Launch Free Trade Talks After Wrangling Over Myanmar,” AP, 4 May 2007; “European Lawmakers Vow to Oppose Trade Deals Over Burma,” VOA, 23 November 2007.
90. Source: “Ottawa announces Myanmar sanctions,” AFP, 15 November 2007.
91. Source: “Australia places financial bans on Burma’s generals,” Sydney Morning Herald, 25 October 2007.
92. Sources: “Myanmar Gas Industry Attracts Record Investments,” AFP, 29 November 2007; “Natural Resources Bolster Burma’s Trade Surplus,” Irrawaddy, July 2007.
93. Source: Burma’s ‘Saffron Revolution’ is not over: Time for the international community to act, FIDH-ITUC, December 2007.
94. Source: Burma Human Rights Yearbook 2006, HRDU, 25 June 2007.
95. Source: Burma Country Report on Human Rights Practices – 2006, Bureau of Human Rights, Democracy and Labor, U.S. Department of State, 6 March 2007.
97. Source: Burma Human Rights Yearbook 2006, HRDU, 25 June 2007.
98. Sources: “Six Persons Illegally Jailed and Charged For Talking About Workers' Rights,” AHRC, 8 August 2007; “Six Labor Activists in Burma Jailed for Up to 28 Years,” Irrawaddy, 8 September 2007.
99. Source: “Precious Stone Trade Booms in Burma; Foreign Buyers Contribute to Oppression,” The Telegraph, 20 July 2007.
100. Source: Burma Country Report on Human Rights Practices – 2007, Bureau of Human Rights, Democracy and Labor, U.S. Department of State, March 2008.
101. Source: HRDU interview with Yoma3 News Service, 7 May 2008.
102. Sources: “Child Labour on the Rise in Burmese Cities,” NMG, 26 February 2007; “Child Labour on the Rise in Poor Families,” IMNA, 26 November 2007.
103. Source: “Gas Attack,” Wall Street Journal, 4 September 2007.
104. Source: Report of the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar, United Nations Human Rights Council, Fourth session, 22 March 2007.
106. Source: “Land Grab in Pegu Division,” Irrawaddy, 27 March 2007.
107. Source: ‘We have hands the same as them’ Struggles for Local Sovereignty and Livelihoods by Internally Displaced Karen Villagers in Burma, Kevin Heppner, January 2006.
108. Source: The Impact of the confiscation of Land, Labor, Capital Assets and forced relocation in Burma by the military regime, Dr Nancy Hudson-Rodd, Dr Myo Nyunt, Saw Thamain Tun, and Sein Htay, May 2003.
109. Source: “Land Grab in Pegu Division,” Irrawaddy, 27 March 2007.
110. Source: “Burmese Junta Seizes over 160 Acres Rubber Plantations in Mon state,” IMNA, 28 May 2007.
111. Source: “Land Confiscation a Problem in Burma, Says Labor Rights Lawyer,” Irrawaddy, 16 March 2007.
112. Source: “Model Village on Rohingya Land In Northern Arakan,” Kaladan News, 8 February 2007.
113. Source: “Myanmar to Establish Six Special Economic Zones,” Xinhua, 14 August 2007.
114. Source: “Rice Paddies Seized For Thilawa SEZ,” SHAN, 14 March 2007.
115. Source: “Generals Planning a ‘Cyber City’,” Irrawaddy, July 2007.
116. Source: “Nasaka Seizes Farm from Villager,” Kaladan News, 17 January 2007.
117. Source: “Model Village on Rohingya Land In Northern Arakan,” Kaladan News, 8 February 2007.
118. Source: “Burmese Government Leases Shrimp Farms to Private Sector in Maungdaw,” Narinjara News, 27 January 2007.
119. Source: “Land Confiscation for New Settlers,” Kaladan News, 29 April 2007.
120. Source: “Nasaka Seizes Dam from Rohingya,” Kaladan News, 9 May 2007.
121. Source: “Arable Farm Seized For Natala Villagers,” Kaladan News, 7 July 2007.
123. Source: “Acres of Paddy Fields in Arakan Confiscated by Nasaka,” Kaladan News, 18 July 2007.
124. Source: “Seizure of Offshore Arable Land Begins,” Kaladan News, 5 August 2007.
125. Source: “Villagers Forced to Cultivate on Seized Farm Land in Kyauktaw,” Kaladan News, 24 July 2007.
126. Source: “Rakhine Women Express Concern Over Land Leasing,” Narinjara News, 27 July 2007.
127. Source: “Tea-Field Seized by SPDC for Camp Construction,” Rhododendron News Volume X No. 2, CHRO, 5 March 2007.
128. Source: “A Civilian House is Stolen by the Authorities,” KNG, 16 May 2007.
129. Source: “Acres of Orchards and Paddy Fields in Kachin State Confiscated by Army,” KNG, 12 July 2007.
130. Source: “Junta, Private Company Seize Land in Kachin State,” Irrawaddy, 27 July 2007.
131. Source: “Civilians Forced to Work in Burma Army's Paddy Fields,” KNG, 23 August 2007.
132. Source: “Junta Collects Money and Confiscates Farms for Development Project,” IMNA, 24 May 2007.
133. Source: The Compounding Consequences of DKBA Oppression: Abuse, poverty and food insecurity in Thaton District, KHRG, 9 July 2007.
134. Source: “Magwe Authorities Accused of Land Grab,” DVB, 13 August 2007.
135. Source: “Military Land Seizures Hit Farmers in Pyinmana,” DVB, 22 January 2007.
136. Source: “Military Confiscated Farmland Owned By Farmers in Meikhtila,” Mizzima News, 16 November 2007, translation by HRDU.
137. Source: “VPDC Ties up with TPDC to Sell Civic Pasture,” IMNA, 19 January 2007.
138. Source: “Increased Taxation and Forced Labour after Military Expansion in Mon State,” IMNA, 4 April 2007.
139. Source: “Burmese Junta Seizes over 160 Acres Rubber Plantations in Mon state,” IMNA, 28 May 2007.
140. Source: “Army Confiscates Land to Use People as Shield,” IMNA, 5 June 2007.
141. Source: “Army Stops Contracts for Tapping Rubber,” IMNA, 2 August 2007.
142. Source: “Over 4000 Acres of Farmland Seized By Pegu Division Authorities,” Mizzima News, 13 June 2007.
143. Source: “Rice Paddies Seized For Thilawa SEZ,” SHAN, 14 March 2007.
144. Source: “Historical Rangoon Railway Station to be Relocated,” Irrawaddy, 15 November 2007.
145. Source: “Myanmar Army Demolishes Houses for Training Ground,” Khonumthoung News, 19 May 2007.
146. Source: “Over 400 Houses to Be Demolished for Airport-Road Modification,” Khonumthoung News, 18 May 2007.
147. Source: “LIB 244 Confiscated Forest form Ahkhaday village,” LWO, unpublished, received by HRDU on 20 June 2007.
148. Source: “Police Arrest Two Residents in Mong Yu,” KNG, 21 June 2007.
149. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 14/07,” KNU, 11 May 2007.
150. Source: “Junta Blamed For Decreasing Shan Rice Production”, Irrawaddy, 17 January 2006.
151. Source: Surviving in Shadow: Widespread Militarization and the Systematic Use of Forced Labour in the Campaign for Control of Thaton District, KHRG, 17 January 2006.
152. Source: State agencies, armed groups and the proliferation of oppression in Thaton District, KHRG, 24 September 2007.
153. Source: “Township Authorities to Close Rice Mills Failing To Meet Paddy Quota,” IMNA, 3 January 2007.
154. Source: “Farmers disgruntled over rice procurement,” IMNA, 6 January 2007.
155. Source: “Disappointed With Procurement Authorities Restrict Farmers,” IMNA, 13 January 2007.
156. Source: “Junta Forces Rice Sales to Military in Burma at Devalued Prices,” Irrawaddy, 19 January 2007.
157. Source: “Rice Procurement Causes Villagers to Flee in Sen-Wi,” SHRF Monthly Report, SHRF, April 2007.
158. Source: “Escalating Rice Procurement in Eastern Shan State,” SHRF Monthly Report, SHRF, April 2007.
159. Source: “Burmese Army Begins Purchasing Paddy Rations,” Narinjara News, 11 January 2007.
160. Source: “Military Collecting Rice From Villagers,” Kaladan News, 16 February 2007.
161. Source: “Advance for Paddy Forced On Farmers in Kyaukpyu by Junta,” Kaladan News, 29 July 2007.
162. Source: “Prospect of low paddy yield because of rains worries farmers,” IMNA, 6 November 2007.
163. Source: “Burmese Army to Buy 329,000 Tinns [Sic.]of Paddy for Army Rations,” Narinjara News, 28 November 2007.
164. Source: “Border Security Force forcibly buys paddy from farmers,” Kaladan News, 30 November 2007.
165. Source: “Procuring rice for army rations in Kachin State,” Mizzima News, 20 December 2007.
166. Source: “Myanmar Pledges Sufficient Rice Production for Growing Population,” Xinhua, 6 July 2007.
167. Source: “Farmers in Mrauk U Forced to Cultivate Dry Season Paddy,” Narinjara, 22 February 2007.
168. Source: “Farmers forced to grow Summer Paddy,” DVB, 25 January 2007.
169. Source: Humanitarian Situation UPDATE April 2007, Office of the UN Humanitarian Coordinator for Myanmar, 2007.
170. Source: “Seedlings of evil growing in Myanmar,” Asia Times Online, 23 August 2007.
172. Source: “Castor beans to be grown for biofuel”, Myanmar Times, 9-15 January 2006.
173. Source: “Physic nut goals expanded”, Myanmar Times, 21-26 August 2006.
174. Source: “TPDC Orders Destruction of Jatropha Trees in Public Places,” Khonumthoung News, 31 January 2007.
176. Source: “Concern over Burma’s Leap of Faith on Bio-Fuel,” Financial Times, 23 November 2007.
177. Source: “Military Authorities to Rework Jatropha Project in Chin State,” Khonumthoung News, 24 February 2007.
178. Source: “Prosecutions for Those Who Criticise Burma Junta’s Physic Nut Project”, DVB, 5 July 2006.
179. Source: “Farmers in Mrauk U Forced to Cultivate Dry Season Paddy,” Narinjara News, 22 February 2007.
180. Source: “Forced Labor for Physic Nut Plantations,” Kaladan News, 12 April 2007.
181. Source: “TPDC Chairman Orders Villagers to Plant Physic Nut Saplings,” Kaladan News, 5 May 2007.
182. Source: “Villagers Ordered to Buy and Plant Physic Nut, Rubber Seedlings,” Kaladan News, 24 May 2007.
183. Source: “Farmers Ordered to Grow Sun Flowers, Extra Crops in Maungdaw,” Kaladan News, 17 December 2007.
184. Source: “Villagers Must Buy Jatropha Seeds,” Rhododendron News, Volume X. No. I, CHRO, February 2007.
185. Source: “Chins Forced Into Labour, Harvesting Affected,” Khonumthoung News, 5 January 2007.
186. Source: “Military Authorities to Rework Jatropha Project in Chin State,” Khonumthoung News, 24 February 2007.
187. Source: “SPDC Forces Chin Farmers to Buy Expensive Variety of Rice Seeds,” Khonumthoung News, 21 April 2007.
188. Source: “Villages Failing to Plant Jatropha to Be Fined or Jailed,” Khonumthoung News, 4 July 2007.
189. Source: “Government Employees to Replant Jatropha,” Khonumthoung News, 30 July 2007.
190. Source: “People to Pay and Engage in Jatropha and Tea Plantations,” Khonumthoung News, 30 August 2007.
191. Source: “Farmers forced to grow Summer Paddy,” DVB, 25 January 2007.
192. Source: “Funds to be Collected Summer-rice Project,” KNG, 15 March 2007.
193. Source: “Constantly Forced Labor in Mansi Township,” NMG, 17 August 2007, translation by HRDU.
194. Source: “Civilians Forced to Work in Burma Army's Paddy Fields,” KNG, 23 August 2007.
195. Source: “Burma Army Battalions Grow Summer Rice in Civilian Fields,” KNG, 16 December 2007.
196. Source: State repression and the creation of poverty in southern Karen State, KHRG, 23 February 2007.
198. Source: State agencies, armed groups and the proliferation of oppression in Thaton District, KHRG, 24 September 2007.
199. Source: “Villager Killed, Two Villagers Step on Landmines and Two Villages Destroyed, More than 1,000 Flee New Attacks Northern Karen and Southern Karenni States,” FBR, 22 August 2007.
201. Source: “Widespread Forced Labour Cases Reported In Burma,” DVB, 8 March 2007.
202. Source: “Magwe Residents File Complaint with ILO,” DVB, 27 July 2007.
203. Source: “Farmers suffer losses after forced crop growing,” DVB, 3 December 2007.
205. Source: “Battalions plant Summer Paddy using Farmer’s Equipment,” IMNA, 24 January 2007.
206. Source: “The Burmese Army forced villagers including women to work in battalion’s summer paddy farms,” The Mon Forum Issue No. 2/2007, HURFOM, 28 February 2007.
207. Source: “People Forced to Grow Physic Nuts,” IMNA, 29 May 2007.
208. Source: “Increasing Sesame Cultivation in Mon State,” IMNA, 22 November 2007.
209. Source: “Farmers forced to grow Summer Paddy,” DVB, 25 January 2007.
210. Source: “Junta forces Rice Sales to Military in Burma at Devalued Prices, Irrawaddy, 19 January 2007.
211. Sources: “Farmers ordered to grow sun flowers, extra crops in Maungdaw,” Kaladan News, 17 December 2007; “Sunflowers - Than Shwe’s latest Yadaya,” Irrawaddy, 6 December 2007.
212. Source: “People Forced to Grow Rice for the Military in Kaeng-Tung,” SHRF Monthly Report, SHRF, May 2007.
213. Source: “People Forced to Grow Rice for the Military in Murng-Nai,” SHRF Monthly Report, SHRF, May 2007.
214. Source: “Mass Forced Labour in State Projects, Coupled with Extortion and Bullying, in Murng-Sart,” SHRF Monthly Report, SHRF, May 2007.
215. Source: SHRF Monthly Report, SHRF, December 2007.
217. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 14/07,” KNU, 11 May 2007.
219. Source: “Myanmar Army Document Spotlights Low Morale,” Jane’s Defence Weekly, 27 March 2007.
221. Source: Shouldering the Burden of Militarisation: SPDC, DKBA and KPF order documents and forced labour since September 2006, KHRG, August 2007.
222. Sources: “Anti-tax campaigns spread in Magwe, Arakan,” DVB, 16 April 2007; “Burma Township Protests New Tax Rate,” Irrawaddy, May 2007; “Meiktila Residents Join Campaign against Tax Rises,” DVB, 23 April 2007; “Officials Agree To Decrease Tax Hikes after Protests,” DVB, 10 May 2007; Burmese Junta Cracks Down on Tax Evasion Cases,” Irrawaddy, 30 May 2007; Burmese Junta Cracks Down on Tax Evasion Cases,” Irrawaddy, 30 May 2007.
223. Source: “Saffron Revolution in Burma: What’s Next,” NCGUB, October 2007.
224. Source: “Patient Fined Kyat 50,000 by Nasaka,” Kaladan News, 18 January 2007.
225. Source: “Police Tricks and Extorts Kyat 500,000 from a Moulvi,” Kaladan News, 25 January 2007.
226. Source: “Police Rob Kyat 25,000 from Villagers,” Kaladan News, 9 February 2007.
227. Source: “Shopkeeper Pays Kyat 62,000 to Nasaka,” Kaladan News, 20 February 2007.
228. Source: “Fees and Fish to Nasaka for Fishing in Naf River,” Kaladan News, 21 February 2007.
229. Source: “Military Taxation A Way of Life in Arakan, Kaladan News, 26 March 2007.
230. Source: “Police Collect Toll from Shopkeepers,” Kaladan News, 1 May 2007.
231. Source: “Burma Army- Nasaka Clash over Toll Collection in Taungbro,” Kaladan News, 19 July 2007.
232. Source: “Army Collects Taxes Residents of Ponagyun Township,” Kaladan News, 11 July 2007.
233. Source: “Shrimp Dams in South Maungdaw Destroyed by Rain,” Kaladan News, 4 July 2007.
234. Source: “Authority Levies Fee for Army's Electric,” Narinjara News, 11 July 2007.
235. Source: “Husband Fined after Wife Gives Birth to Stillborn,” Kaladan News, 29 August 2007.
236. Source: “Businessmen Forced to Pay for Patrol Vehicles,” Narinjara News, 18 September 2007.
237. Source: “Villagers Forced to Pay Fine for Cattle,” Kaladan News, 10 November 2007.
238. Source: “Nasaka Collects Fees from Fishing Boats,” Kaladan News, 20 November 2007.
239. Source: “Villagers Forced to Donate for Religious Festival,” Kaladan News, 6 December 2007.
240. Source: “Celebration of Eid-ul-Azha in Arakan,” Kaladan News, 25 December 2007.
241. Source: “TPDC Authorities Extort Money from Hill Farmers,” Khonumthoung News, 25 January 2007.
242. Source: “Traders and Farmers Angry Over Rise in Chili Tax,” Khonumthoung News, 15 February 2007.
243. Source: “Authorities Sell Meter Box For Ten Times the Price at Kyat 3 Lakhs,” Khonumthoung News, 15 April 2007.
244. Source: “Chin People to Contribute Funds for Road Construction,” Khonumthoung News, 8 May 2007.
245. Source: “Immigration Officers Overcharge People for ID Card,” Khonumthoung News, 13 July 2007.
246. Source: “Burmese Military Forces to Collect Tax on Bull-Carts,” KNG, 22 March 2007.
247. Source: “Multi-Government Agencies Forcibly Collect Tax from Traders,” KNG, 3 July 2007.
248. Source: “Myitkyina Municipality Collects Funds from Residents to Repair Road,” KNG, December 2007.
249. Source: “Update of the Current Situation in Northern Karen State,” FBR, 3 February 2007.
250. Source: “General Human Rights Violations during January – March 2007,” CIDKP, March 2007.
253. Source: “Burma Army Attacks and Mortars Villages, Destroys Property, Extorts Villagers’ Property and Continues to Re-Supply Camps in Northern Karen State,” FBR, 26 February 2007.
254. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 3/07,” KNU, 2 April 2007.
255. Source: “Burma Army Attacks and Mortars Villages, Destroys Property, Extorts Villagers’ Property and Continues to Re-Supply Camps in Northern Karen State,” FBR, 26 February 2007.
256. Sources: “KNU Press Release No. 7/07,” KNU, 2 April 2007; “Burma Army Attacks and Mortars Villages, Destroys Property, Extorts Villagers’ Property and Continues to Re-Supply Camps in Northern Karen State,” FBR, 26 February 2007.
257. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 8/07,” KNU, 2 April 2007.
258. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 7/07,” KNU, 2 April 2007.
259. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 9/07,” KNU, 2 April 2007.
260. Source: “Burma Army Launches New Attack, Killing Three People and Displacing 201 Villagers in Mon Township, Eastern Burma,” FBR, 21 March 2007.
261. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 12/07,” KNU, 2 April 2007.
263. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 11/07,” KNU, 2 April 2007
264. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 13/07,” KNU, 5 May 2007.
266. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 18/07,” KNU, 28 May 2007.
267. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 14/07,” KNU, 11 May 2007.
268. Source: “Deaf Villager Shot and Killed at Point Blank,” FBR, 21 May 2007.
269. Source: “Burma Army Kills 5 Villagers and Forces 223 more into Hiding; Nyaunglebin District, Karen State, Burma,” FBR, 9 August 2007.
274. Source: “Burma Army Kills Three Villagers, Hundreds Flee New Attacks,” FBR, 6 December 2007.
275. Source: Attacks, killings and increased militarisation in Nyaunglebin District, KHRG, 11 January 2008.
276. Source: “Burma Army troops kill villagers and IDPs as they mass troops with over 90 battalions now in northern Karen State, Burma,” FBR, 10 January 2008.
278. Source: “Artillery Battalion Collects Tax on Rubber Plant,” IMNA, 18 January 2007.
279. Source: “Villagers Forced by Military to Build Bridges and Bear Expenses,” IMNA, 13 February 2007.
280. Source: “Authorities Make Residents Pay While Checking Family Lists,” IMNA, 29 March 2007.
281. Source: “Higher Passenger Tax Leaves Little Profit for Owner-Drivers,” IMNA, 6 April 2007.
282. Sources: “New Army Check Point Extorts Money from TPP Villagers,” IMNA, 9 April 2007; “New Check-Point Upsets Three Pagodas Pass Residents,” Kaowao News, 8 April 2007.
283. Source: “Villagers Paid Taxes to work in Thailand,” The Mon Forum Issue 4, HURFOM, 30 April 2007.
284. Source: “Rice mill owners were forced to pay for the battalions’ rations,” IMNA, 15 June 2007.
285. Source: “Villagers Pay for MCWA Chairperson’s Visit,” IMNA, 11 June 2007.
286. Source: “Village Headmen Shell Out Over One Million Kyat to Township Authorities,” IMNA, 20 November 2007.
287. Source: “Villagers Pay for Building Bridge,” IMNA, 20 December 2007.
288. Source: “Rangoon Businessmen Forced to Donate to National Convention,” Irrawaddy, 27 July 2007.
289. Source: “USDA Accused of Corruption in Water Project,” Irrawaddy, 23 November 2007.
290. Source: “Troops Hawk Posters at Fancy Prices for Income,” Khonumthoung News, 6 July 2007.
291. Source: “LIB 244 forces the villagers to buy tickets for lottery in Maing Khon village,” LWO, unpublished, received by HRDU 20 June 2007.
292. Source: SHRF Monthly Report, SHRF, November 2007.
293. Source: “Balloons Judge the Unjust” SHAN, 4 December 2007.
294. Source: “Burma Army Keeps Forcing People to Pay for Road Construction,” IMNA, 25 May 2007.
295. Source: “Army Demands Money to Build School for Soldiers’ Children,” IMNA, 13 June 2007.
296. Sources: “Update of the Current Situation in Northern Karen State,” FBR, 3 February 2007; “KNU Press Release No. 4/07,” KNU, 2 April 2007.
297. Source: “Police Extort Kyat 60,000 from Shop Owner,” Kaladan News, 15 January 2007.
298. Source: “Army Kills Cattle for Ration,” Kaladan News, 7 February 2007.
299. Source: “Army Loots Goods Worth Kyat Five Million In Arakan,” Kaladan News, 8 February 2007.
300. Source: “Nasaka Snatches Eight “Goats from Businessman,” Kaladan News, 19 February 2007.
301. Source: “Police Loot Goods from Farmers in Arakan State,” Kaladan News, 17 March 2007.
302. Source: “Police Snatch Three Heads Of Cattle from Farmer,” Kaladan News, 11 March 2007.
303. Source: “Police Loot Goods from Farmers in Arakan State,” Kaladan News, 17 March 2007.
304. Source: “Police Loots Goods from Shopkeeper,” Kaladan News, 18 April 2007.
305. Source: “Nasaka Burgles House in Arakan,” Kaladan News, 27 May 2007.
306. Source: “Rohingya’s House Looted by Burmese Soldiers,” Kaladan News, 27 July 2007.
307. Source: “Army Collects Coconut Trees and Chickens for Husbandry Project,” Narinjara News, 11 September 2007.
308. Source: “Army Loots Cattle from Villagers for Their Ration,” Kaladan News, 4 November 2007.
309. Source: “Maungdaw TPDC Chairman Orders Villagers to Provide Logs,” Kaladan News, 27 December 2007.
310. Source: “SPDC Soldiers Collect Ration from Villagers,” Rhododendron Volume X No.1, CHRO, February 2007.
311. Source: “SPDC Soldiers Demand Chicken from Villagers,” Rhododendron Volume X No.2, CHRO, April 2007.
312. Source: “Provide Ration or Your Village will be Burnt,” Rhododendron Volume X No.1, CHRO, February 2007.
313. Source: “Burmese Soldier Steal Chicken From Villager,” Rhododendron Volume X No.1, CHRO, February 2007.
314. Source: “Burma Army Demand Chickens and Forced Porters,” Rhododendron Volume X No.2, CHRO, April 2007.
315. Source: “Burmese Troops Use Chin State Locals as Porters,” Khonumthoung News, 19 November 2007.
316. Source: “Update of the Current Situation in Northern Karen State,” FBR, 3 February 2007.
317. Sources: “Update of the Current Situation in Northern Karen State,” FBR, 3 February 2007; “KNU Press Release No. 4/07,” KNU, 2 April 2007.
318. Source: Bullets and Bulldozers: The SPDC offensive continues in Toungoo District, KHRG, 19 February 2007.
319. Source: The Compounding Consequences of DKBA Oppression: Abuse, poverty and food insecurity in Thaton District, KHRG, 9 July 2007.
320. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 5/07,” KNU, 2 April 2007.
323. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 8/07,” KNU, 2 April 2007.
324. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 9/07,” KNU, 2 April 2007.
326. Source: State agencies, armed groups and the proliferation of oppression in Thaton District, KHRG, 24 September 2007
327. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 10/07,” KNU, 2 April 2007.
328. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 12/07,” KNU, 2 April 2007.
329. Source: “SPDC Troops Killing Villagers Also Loot and Destroying the Villager Properties in Mutraw District,” KWO Newsletter, received by HRDU May 2007, translation by HRDU.
330. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 14/07,” KNU, 11 May 2007.
332. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 13/07,” KNU, 5 May 2007
334. Source: “Oppression Up Close: Photos of the Burma Army in Northern Nyaunglebin District, Karen State, Eastern Burma,” FBR, 1 May 2007.
335. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 17/07,” KNU, 28 May 2007.
336. Source: State agencies, armed groups and the proliferation of oppression in Thaton District, KHRG, 24 September 2007.
337. Source: “Over 1,000 Karen Villagers Flee Fresh Burma Army Offensive,” NMG, 24 May 2007.
338. Source: Landmines, Killings and Food Destruction: Civilian life in Toungoo District, KHRG, 9 August 2007.
339. Source: “General Human Rights Violations during July 2007,” CIDKP, 2007.
340. Source: Attacks, killings and increased militarisation in Nyaunglebin District, KHRG, 11 January 2008.
343. Source: “Villager Killed, Two Villagers Step on Landmines and Two Villages Destroyed, More than 1,000 Flee New Attacks Northern Karen and Southern Karenni States,” FBR, 22 August 2007.
345. Source: SHRF Monthly Report, SHRF, November 2007.
346. Source: SHRF Monthly Report, SHRF, December 2007.
347. Source: “Burmese Soldier Shoots at Boy for Motor Cycle,” IMNA, 8 March 2007.
348. Source: “Update of the Current Situation in Northern Karen State,” FBR, 3 February 2007.
351. Sources: “KNU Press Release No. 7/07,” KNU, 2 April 2007; “General Human Rights Violations during January – March 2007,” CIDKP, March 2007.
352. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 9/07,” KNU, 2 April 2007
354. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 13/07,” KNU, 5 May 2007.
355. Source: Provoking Displacement in Toungoo District: Forced labour, restrictions and attacks, KHRG, 30 May 2007.
356. Sources: “KNU Press Release No. 12/07,” KNU, 2 April 2007; “General Human Rights Violations during January – March 2007,” CIDKP, March 2007.
357. Source: “Burma Army Shells IDPs, Burn Villagers’ Rice, Conducts Forced Labor and Re-Supplies Camps. Toungoo District.,” FBR, 21 March 2007.
358. Source: “General Human Rights Violations; January- March 2007,” CIDKP, 2007.
359. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 13/07,” KNU, 5 May 2007.
360. Source: “Burma Army Burns Down Four Villages,” FBR, 26 April 2006.
361. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 11/07,” KNU, 2 April 2007.
362. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 12/07,” KNU, 2 April 2007.
364. Source: “Deaf Villager Shot and Killed at Point Blank,” FBR, 21 May 2007.
366. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 16/07,” KNU, 11 May 2007.
368. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 15/07,” KNU, 11 May 2007.
369. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 16/07,” KNU, 11 May 2007.
370. Source: “Deaf Villager Shot and Killed at Point Blank,” FBR, 21 May 2007.
371. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 15/07,” KNU, 11 May 2007.
372. Source: “Burma Army Burns Down Four Villages,” FBR, 26 April 2006.
373. Sources: “General Human Rights Violations during April 2007,” CIDKP, April 2007; “KNU Press Release No. 18/07,” KNU, 28 May 2007.
374. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 16/07,” KNU, 11 May 2007.
375. Source: “Deaf Villager Shot and Killed at Point Blank,” FBR, 21 May 2007.
376. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 16/07,” KNU, 11 May 2007.
377. Source: “General Human Rights Violations during April 2007,” CIDKP, April 2007.
378. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 16/07,” KNU, 11 May 2007.
379. Source: “Deaf Villager Shot and Killed at Point Blank,” FBR, 21 May 2007.
380. Source: “Over 1,000 Karen Villagers Flee Fresh Burma Army Offensive,” NMG, 24 May 2007.
381. Sources: “General Human Rights Violations during May 2007,” CIDKP, May 2007; “KNU Press Release No. 18/07,” KNU, 28 May 2007.
382. Source: “Deaf Villager Shot and Killed at Point Blank,” FBR, 21 May 2007.
383. Source: Landmines, Killings and Food Destruction: Civilian life in Toungoo District, KHRG, 9 August 2007.
384. Source: “Deaf Villager Shot and Killed at Point Blank,” FBR, 21 May 2007.
385. Source: “Burma Army Kills 5 Villagers and Forces 223 More Into Hiding Nyaunglebin District, Karen State, Burma,” FBR, 9 August 2007.
386. Source: “General Human Rights Violations during July 2007,” CIDKP, July 2007.
387. Source: “Villager Killed, Two Villagers Step on Landmines and Two Villages Destroyed, More than 1,000 Flee New Attacks Northern Karen and Southern Karenni States,” FBR, 22 August 2007.
388. Source: Attacks, killings and increased militarisation in Nyaunglebin District, KHRG, 11 January 2008.
389. Source: “Burma Army troops kill villagers and IDPs as they mass troops with over 90 battalions now in northern Karen State, Burma,” FBR, 10 January 2008.
390. Source: “Burma Army Kills Three Villagers, Hundreds Flee New Attacks,” FBR, 6 December 2007.
391. Source: “Burma Army captures and kills villagers in Dooplaya District, southern Karen State. Villagers injured by landmine in Karenni State,” FBR, 12 January 2008.
393. Source: SPDC troops burn villages and step up operations against civilians in southern Toungoo District, KHRG, 7 December 2007.
394. Source: Villagers risk arrest and execution to harvest their crops, KHRG, 4 December 2007.
395. Source: A Campaign of Brutality, FBR, May 2007.
396. Source: “UN Plans Big Rise in Food Aid to Burma,” Financial Times, 4 September 2007.
397. Sources: “People Face Rice Shortage in Northern Arakan,” Narinjara News, 10 July 2007; “Rice Prices Increase in Northern Arakan,” Narinjara News, 24 August 2007; “Burmese Smuggle Rice from Bangladesh,” Narinjara News, 12 September 2007.
398. Source: “Farmer Barred From Cultivating Land,” Kaladan News, 29 January 2007.
399. Source: “Muslim Community from Arakan Unhappy this Eid ul Azha,” Narinjara News, 5 January 2007.
400. Source: “Army Harasses Firewood Collectors,” Kaladan News, 9 February 2007.
401. Source: “Farmer Fined For Selling His Own Paddy,” Kaladan News, 18 July 2007.
402. Source: “Authorities Ban Buying and Selling Rice in Arakan,” Kaladan News, 28 December 2007.
403. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 9/07,” KNU, 2 April 2007.
404. Source: “Update of the Current Situation in Northern Karen State,” FBR, 3 February 2007.
406. Source: “KNU Press Release No. 6/07,” KNU, 2 April 2007.
407. Sources: “KNU Press Release No. 10/07,” KNU, 2 April 2007; “General Human Rights Violations during January – March 2007,” CIDKP, March 2007.
408. Source: “Burma Army Launches New Attack, Killing Three People and Displacing 201 Villagers in Mon Township, Eastern Burma,” FBR, 21 March 2007.
409. Source: “Oppression up Close: Photos of the Burma Army in Northern Nyaunglebin District, Karen State, Eastern Burma,” FBR, 1 May 2007.
410. Source: “Deaf Villager Shot and Killed at Point Blank,” FBR, 21 May 2007.
411. Source: “Villager Killed, Two Villagers Step on Landmines and Two Villages Destroyed, More than 1,000 Flee New Attacks Northern Karen and Southern Karenni States,” FBR, 22 August 2007.
412. Source: “Burma Army now attacking villagers, burning rice barns and blocking access to fields during harvest in Northern Karen State,” FBR, 6 November 2007.
413. Source: “Military Bans Work In Plantation on Independence Day,” IMNA, 4 January 2007.
414. Source: “Disappointed With Procurement Authorities Restrict Farmers,” IMNA, 13 January 2007.
415. Source: “Six hundred villagers forced to work for a week to welcome Lt. Gen Maung Bo,” Mon Forum Issue 5/07, HURFOM, May 2007
416. Source: “Curfew Leaves Villagers Facing Economic Difficulties,” Kaowao News, 13 June 2007.
417. Source: “Military Operation Confines People to Villages,” IMNA, 07 August 2007.
418. Source: “Junta Forces Rice Sales to Military in Burma at Devalued Prices,” Irrawaddy, 19 January 2007.
419. Source: “Junta Pins Democracy Activists to the Wall,” Mizzima News, 6 April 2007.
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