95-11 BURMA PRESS SUMMARY From the Rangoon "The New Light of Myanmar" Compiled for the Burma Studies Group by Hugh C. MacDougall Published by the Center for East Asian and Pacific Studies, University of Illinois Volume IX, No. 11, November 1995 Table of Contents POLITICAL Slogans 2 Political Articles 2 Returnees from Bangladesh 6 Guidance from Sen-Gen. Than Shwe 6 Special Refresher Courses 6 USDA 7 Prisoners Released 7 Sen-Gen. Than Shwe on Tour 7 Exiles Return 7 NATIONAL CONVENTION Plenary Session 7 Lt-Gen. Myo Nyunt's Opening Address 13 Press Release on NLD Withdrawal 17 Lt-Gen. Myo Nyunt on NLD Withdrawal 18 DIPLOMATIC Diplomatic Calls 20 New Ambassadors to Myanmar 22 Attache Tour 22 INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION Joint Workshops & Projects 22 Donations from Abroad 23 Social and Economic Cooperation 24 FOREIGN VISITORS International Agency Visitors 24 Cultural Visitors 24 Medical Visitors 24 Business Visitors 24 Religious Visitors 27 Media Visitors 27 Vietnam Home Minister 27 Philippine Foreign Undersecretary 27 Thai Delegations 27 Japanese Diplomat 27 Thai Foreign Minister 28 Japanese Coop Delegation 28 Vietnamese Deputy Minister 28 Indonesian Defence Minister 28 Czech Deputy Foreign Minister 28 MYANMAR DELEGATIONS Study Delegations 28 Delegations to Meetings & Events 29 Religious Delegations 30 Foreign Minister to Korea and Japan 30 Goodwill Delegation to Thailand 30 Delegations Return 31 MYANMAR GAZETTE Probationary Appointments 32 Appointments 32 Appointments Confirmed 32 MILITARY Surrenders by Armed Group Members 32 Insurgent Attacks 32 GOVERNMENT Independence Day 32 Titles and Medals 32 National Day Jubilee 33 Armed Forces Day 34 ECONOMIC Economic Articles 34 Project Inaugurations 35 Business Openings 35 Advertisements 35 Foreign Investment Projects 36 Business Courses 36 Cheap Fish 36 Banking 37 Agriculture 37 Petroleum Exploration 38 Rainfall in Yangon 38 HEALTH Iodine Deficiency 38 SPORTS Sports Articles 38 Myanmar Teams and Officials 38 Foreign Teams, Coaches, etc. 39 Holes-in-One 39 XVIII SEA Games 39 CULTURAL Cultural and Scientific Articles 39 Yangon University Diamond Jubilee 39 Motion Pictures Diamond Jubilee 39 Religion 39 Publications 40 Computers 40 Literary Awards 40 Book Fair 41 Movie Union 41 MISCELLANEOUS Sunday and Holiday Supplements 41 Crime 42 Anti-Narcotics Activities 42 Obituaries 43 Fires 44 Floods 44 Wild Elephants 44 Earthquakes 44 ------------------------------------------- HIGHLIGHTS -- Criticism of Government denounced. [POLITICAL: Political Articles] -- Dr. Mike Segal (husband of Miriam Segal) defends Myanmar. [POLITICAL: Political Articles] -- National Convention Plenary Session resumed Nov. 28: -- Proposal papers on Legislature [full texts]. -- Opening address of Lt-Gen. Myo Nyunt [full text]. -- Convention press release on National League for Democracy withdrawal [full text]. -- Statement by Lt-Gen. Myo Nyunt on NLD withdrawal [full text] [NATIONAL CONVENTION] -- Goodwill delegation visits Thailand; joint statement on resolving border area questions. [MYANMAR DELEGATIONS] -- Titles and Awards for 1991-95 presented. [GOVERNMENT] -- Diamond Jubilee National Day, including message from SLORC Chairman Senior General Than Shwe [full text]. [GOVERNMENT] -- National Literary and Sarpay Beikman Manuscript Awards. [CULTURAL] -- Various countries give flood relief, including $10,000 from the US. [MISCELLANEOUS: Floods] ------------------------------------------- POLITICAL Slogans The bottom of each front page continues to bear the slogan: Emergence of the State Constitution is the duty of all citizens of Myanmar Naing-Ngan [reverted back from "Union of Myanmar." The top of each back page usually bears the slogan: The Tatmadaw has been sacrificing much of its blood and sweat to prevent disintegration of the Union. All nationalities of the Union are urged to give all co-operation and assistance in this great task. Religious Slogans: Since August 1991, each issue has included a changing religious slogan at the top of each front page: Nov. 1-30: Santutthi ca, contentment; this is the way to auspiciousness. The Twelve Objectives: Beginning July 6, 1995, each issue of NLM lists the following, generally on the front page: Four political objectives * Stability of the State, community peace and tranquillity, prevalence of law and order * National reconsolidation * Emergence of a new enduring State Constitution * Building of a new modern developed nation in accord with the new State Constitution --------------- Four economic objectives * Development of agriculture as the base and all-round development of other sectors of the economy as well * Proper evolution of the market-oriented economic system * Development of the economy inviting participation in terms of technical know-how and investments from sources inside the country and abroad * The initiative to shape the national economy must be kept in the hands of the State and the national peoples ---------------- Four social objectives * Uplift of the morale and morality of the entire nation * Uplift of national prestige and integrity and preservation and safeguarding of cultural heritage and national character * Uplift of dynamism of patriotic spirits * Uplift of health, fitness and education standards of the entire nation Political Articles Nov. 8: History is liable to repeat itself, by Sithu Nyein Aye. [In 1824 British stirred up rebellion in Burma, using traitor Maung Sat; they did so again in 1948. Now they are doing so again, and there are many Maung Sats working for the British. "Their stooges present fabricated stories at the American Congress and try to undermine Myanmar economy. they plot for starving the Myanmar nationals. They are trying to prevent Myanmar economy gaining progress. Their machinations clearly indicated intent to cause upheaval in Myanmar. They fear that the government would get popular support if the country becomes prosperous.... History is liable to repeat itself...."] Nov. 10: Presentation of titles and medals is fitting honour, by Maung Soe. [Summary of military medals, titles, and certificates of honour given by SLORC between Jan. 4, 1991 and Mar. 31, 1995.] Nov. 10: Suspicion doesn't pay, by Sithu Nyein Aye. ["Actually, Myanmar is the land where truth prevails. It is not like that in the Western countries. There conspiracies aglore at the back [sic]. If we read the book by ex-British Premier Margaret Thatcher, we can learn about political cunning in their country. In Myanmar Naing-Ngan, no one knows the art of political cunning. The Tatmadaw leaders are sincere, straightforward and they tell the truth. They have no pretence nor ruse. Some foreigners take this character as being queer .... Basing on that patriotic spirit, all suspicions should be cleared...."] Nov. 13: For what they have done in the service of the citizen and the State, by Min Kyaw Min. [Awards and title ceremony of Nov. 10.] Nov. 20,23,27: Easy to mar, hard to make, by U Phyo. [Cont. from Oct. (8) "It is heard that the place where people are usually grouped to gossip and spread rumours is provokingly making instigations again. Making a big fuss of the townspeople's collecting donations on their own accord in Hlinethaya, they are criticizing it to disparage the government and instigating people saying: 'People must not do whatever they are asked, and they must not fear; they will have to fear throughout the lifetime if they give up with fear. Have courage!' Such an instigating in undermining the first political objective of the State 'Stability of the State, community peace and tranquillity, prevalence of law and order.' Their instigation is rather like igniting detonator being made with intent to cause a situation like the 1988 turmoil...and so such act should be bridled...." Rumour mongers criticize government sponsored construction projects, such as hotels, and festivities and affairs. "It should be asked if it was appropriate to collaborate with unlawful, outlawed organizations in observing a historic, significant day." [Also unfounded criticism being circulated of the USDA. The issue began with an unfounded letter which alleged that this or that person, on his visit to the Immigration and Manpower Department, was told that National Registration Card was issued only to the members of the Union Solidarity and Development Association. Concerning the letter, a person at the talks, assuming an air of a wise man, remarked, 'Is there any law for the department's refusal? If so, ask the department for a letter confirming that there is a related law.' I would like to remind as a third person that an attitude bearing grudge against and willingness to criticize the Union Solidarity and Development Association should be changed. ["There is one more point I have noticed which fanned the flames at both sides. It was a remark which said the International Red Cross delegation's return was deplorable and shameful for Myanmar. Actually, the delegation left as its demand for inspection as it liked at any time of all the prisons in Myanmar had been rejected by the government which assumed that it encroached on the government's rights. They returned as their demand was not met. Here in this case, instead of sharing a feeling of resentment with the government, they said in consideration of the other side, 'It is shameful!'.... ["Acts such as instigation, flattery and agitation and also viewing a matter one-sidedly, finding fault with it and making a mountain out of a molehill to instigate the public must be avoided. Although they claim, 'We desire unity and reconciliation' on the one hand, they say, 'Have courage, don't bear it!' on the other. Their words are inconsistent...." [(9) Virtues of the Tatmadaw. "There emerge politicians who are so naive that they overlook the glorious nature of the Tatmadaw and have been regarding it as a mercenary one. What is more surprising is that those who have served with the Tatmadaw and have been brought up, fed and trained by it have turned out to be ungrateful ones in spite of their being developed to the present status. In fact, these people are deceiving themselves.... ["A person who is used to cracking cheap jokes also said he like the American Armed Forces best in the world. He could not help declaring that the American Armed Forces were the best. I then reminded him that he happens to be a man who likes only the big type.... ["Some people are too conceited to appreciate the goodwill of the Tatmadaw. They have no confidence in the strength of the Tatmadaw and they do not regard it as an ally. They see it as an enemy. In fact, people of such attitude are over-conceited and they are like a girl infected with trachoma who went into hiding because she heard the king was taking women as his wives." [(10) Account of anti-government meetings which are "pitiable and at once disgusting." Those who hold instigative rallies should be held legally responsible for any riots that result. "My serious comments are not baseless anxiety. Let me present some evidence I have collected.... Decide for yourselves whether or not the following instigative words are harmful to the stability of the State, community peace and tranquillity and rule of law. 'Everybody knows that human rights are lost in our Myanmar Naing-Ngan.' (24-11-95, late evening) 'The teaching system of the university of our Myanmar Naing-Ngan has become lower in standard.' 'Graduates who hold such degrees in low education standard have only to resort to working as trishawmen for their livelihood.' (24-11-95, late evening) 'Matters which may affect moral conduct and uprightness are rampant in our country.' 'Thanlyin Bridge was closed for four hours with the reason that a foreign visitor would be arriving. For that shops had to be closed. It is worse in rural areas. Rulers must take people into consideration in whatever they do. If it is not so, there will not be a pleasant atmosphere in our country.' 'I wish to have the "Thamegga" ["President" -- HCMacD.] building constructed. I believe I will have the opportunity some day.' (23-11-95, late evening) 'Is it possible to form an organization without having its duties and basic principles and knowing effects?' (Question) 'Is it a human right to make, as one wishes, a person member of an organization?' (Question) The answer is "It is possible in this country, not in others.' (23-11-95, late evening) 'If one wishes to join the National League for Democracy, join it with willingness to work for democracy. I have said, "There are other organizations if the motive is for gaining position and rights." This organization will not benefit the nation in the long term.' (Insinuation against the Union Solidarity and Development Association, uttered in the late evening of 21-11-95) 'Skipping Union Day, the 51st Anniversary Tatmadaw Day is spoke of as significant day. Why is it so?' (Question) 'The Union Day has already won support. It seems like attempting to win support for the matter which hasn't.' (Applause) (Answer) (Words spoken with intent to disparage and slander the Tatmadaw in the late evening of 30 September) 'Exporting rice is not a proper matter. I cannot support it in any way!' (Applause) 'If one wants to apply for passport in this country, he or she has to bribe.' 'In rural areas, peasants do not have enough subsistence paddy and so they are eating boiled green bananas.' (7 October, late evening) 'Teachers are trying to make money, without thinking of the education of their pupils.' (Slanderous words against GEC and teachers, spoken in the late evening of 7 October) 'I don't want to see people feeling dissatisfaction and fear.' (Words instigating the general public, spoken on 7 October) 'What the womenfolk have to say to their spouses is "Do what should be done! If you are sent to jail, I will come to see you in jail.' (7 October, late evening) "I have mentioned here extracts just enough to let the reader get hints."] Nov. 22: Letter from Cartagena, to Moe Moe from "Uncle" Kyaw Thu Win. [Eleventh summit of the Non-Aligned Movement, October 18-20. Myanmar supported regional nuclear-free zones, and the call for nuclear disarmament. It endorsed the movement's views on human rights: "that the promotion of human rights must be based on the principles of objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity, taking into account the political, historical, social, religious and cultural characteristics of each country while respecting the principles of sovereignty and non-interference in the internal affairs of others. It also emphasized that any attempt to use human rights as a condition for extending trade and economic assistance should be rejected. As you are aware all these principles are values that we have always cherished and upheld in Myanmar."] Nov. 24: We shall unitedly see to the success of the National Convention, by Min Kyaw Min. [Brief review of National Convention, which will reconvene Nov. 28, to date.] Nov. 24-27: Why Myanmar? A political point of view, by Dr. Mike Segal. [Article reprinted from the Indonesian Observer of Nov. 6-9. Author is the husband of American business investor Miriam Segal. (1) He opens by saying that he, "a life-long liberal Democrat," was three years ago "as close to being a Myanmar adversary as anyone could be." His reasons: alleged human rights violations, its role as a drug exporter, and because of his wife's business activities there: "I would prefer a full-time wife whose focus is me. I should point out that she spends six to eight months of the year there." Now he has radically revised his opinions, after having "witnessed first hand day-to-day life there." [He states that the US penalizes Myanmar because it is small and poor, "without a lobby or public relations firm in Washington," while ignoring human rights violations in Saudi Arabia or Kuwait. These policies "ultimately most hurt the ordinary Myanmar people." Press coverage is "consistently negative and sensationalized." Moreover, while we whine, other countries like Japan, Thailand, and Singapore are quietly doing business with Myanmar and "expanding their base for their financial and business futures in that country." [The US refuses to "acknowledge that Myanmar has undergone fundamental political changes in the last three years...." Once a Socialist dictatorship, "it has taken major steps away from that system towards creating the real basis for the creation, in the not too distant future, of a more democratic form of government and, ultimately, of a full democracy. There is a new leadership -- young, idealistic, educated -- that has made remarkable strides in many areas without foreign intervention or massive bloodshed." He cites the return of 15 insurgent groups to the legal fold, and calls for the US to give the Myanmar leadership "some credit" and "a chance to achieve more in their own cultural way and in their own time." [He goes on to discuss Myanmar's lonely struggle against drug trafficking, noting that the US massively aids drug producing countries in Latin America and elsewhere, that after World War II the US supported the KMT insurgents and their opium operations in Myanmar, and that a former DEA agent who served in Myanmar is now suing the State Department and CIA charging that "they were deliberately subverting his anti-drug efforts in the country" so as to be able to "'deny Burma any credit for its drug enforcement efforts.'... Indeed, some would go so far as to say that certain elements in the US have had a stake in maintaining the drug flow from Myanmar to us." Finally, "the Myanmar government's efforts to combat Khun Sa and his not-so-mini army have, once again, been conducted without foreign support or even acknowledgement...." [(2) US is hypocritical in criticizing Myanmar anti-drug activities. Similarly, it criticizes rural girls being enticed into prostitution, though the situation is worse in Thailand and now in China. It is unfair for the US to block IMF/World Bank aid to Myanmar. Why do we demand instant democracy in Myanmar, when we do not complain about the slow development of democracy in Taiwan, South Korea, Thailand, the Philippines, and Indonesia. [(3) Review of 1988 events. Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, though "a well-intentioned and decent, if not remarkable, human being," was naive and "became an easy mark for a large range of self-interested, opposition groups." Following the election in 1990, the government realized "how unsuited" the NLD was to govern, having no experience, divided into many factions, many of which "were in cahoots with a number of terrorist groups and outlawed insurgent ethnic groups...." The military government's concerns were "perfectly legitimate." Refusal to let Daw Aung San Suu Kyi run for election was legitimate -- indeed she would have been ineligible under the 1948 Constitution instituted by her father because of her foreign residence and marriage. [(4) Business world has no interests in Myanmar, and it is a no-lose situation for them to attack Myanmar and "to sound wonderfully moral and upright in the process." Release of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, who complained that nothing had been changed -- good copy for the Press and certain radical liberal circles in the West. UN Ambassador Albright visited Myanmar in September 1995, but only made the ridiculous comment that Myanmars were smiling from fear, and that she would be concerned if American smiled. She also wants immediate transfer of power to the NLD. She did not refer to the role of Britain and America in promoting opium in Myanmar. "Our views in the US on Myanmar are uninformed, short-sighted and finally, counter-productive." Sanctions will not promote democracy. "Let's either close our doors and apply sanctions against all the offending countries who are not as yet fully democratic, or drop this pointless charade against Myanmar, once and for all."] Returnees from Bangladesh [Articles reporting the return of refugees from Bangladesh list the cumulative total since Sept. 22, 1992. Not all returns are reported in NLM, as the discrepancy between specific reports and the running total sometimes indicates.] Oct. 31: 297 persons from 56 households returned to various reception camps on Oct. 25, bringing the total to 194,063. (NLM 11/1) Nov. 3: 178 persons from 36 households returned to Taungbyo and Kanyinchaung reception camps Nov. 1, bringing the total to 194,241. (NLM 11/4) Nov. 22: 101 persons from 19 households "were transferred back" at various reception camps on Nov. 17, bringing the total to 194,534. (NLM 11/23) Guidance from Sen-Gen. Than Shwe Nov. 8: Speaking at a SLORC coordination meeting, SLORC Chairman Senior General Than Shwe gave guidance on the Yangon-Sittway Highway and cultural preservation in Bagan. Road: Stressing the need for better roads in Rakhine State, as well as in border areas, he said the Yangon-Sittway should be built as a "three-year special project aiming at bringing about development of the Region. Elaborating, Rakhine LORC Chairman Brig-Gen. Aung Htwe said the distance between Sittway and Minbu is 304 miles. At present, the Sittway-Kyauktaw-Minbya road is being built as an "earth surfaced road" and the Minbya-Ann road as a "rough rock surfaced road." There would be 8 big bridges (400-1,200 feet): Minn Kyaung Bridge; Pann Creek Bridge; Pie Creek Bridge; Kaladan River Bridge; Laymyo River Crossing Bridge; Yaw Creek Bridge; Dalet Creek Bridge; and Ohnti Creek Bridge. There will also be some 300 small bridges. Bagan: SLORC Chairman Senior General Than Shwe said "Bagan region is the hub of ancient cultural heritage of Myanmar and despite restoration and maintenance, there are still more ruined ancient pagodas which are about to collapse and hundreds of sites of ancient pagodas and old edifices which are about to disappear." In addition to restoration, there is need to facilitate access to the Bagan region. Projects need to be implemented to build the Myingyan-Nyaung U railroad and the Nyaung U-Popa motor-road, in connection with the Mandalay International Airport Project at Tada U. Minister for Culture Brig-Gen. Thaung Myint elaborated, noting that the Bagan region is divided into three zones: ancient edifices zone; archaeological zone; and preservation zone, totalling 27,970 acres. Seven out of 27 selected pagodas along the main road have been renovated. Plans have been made to renovate 260 "nearly collapsing" pagodas, at a rate of 65 per year at an annual expenditure of K 13 million, for a total of 4 years. In addition, over 700 sites of pagodas that have collapsed into rubble, in the "plantation areas," will be excavated and recorded, and their original architecture put on record, again over a four year period. Magway LORC Chairman Col. Maung Par said that the Nyaung U-Popa road will cut 8 miles from the present 40 mile journey. Managing Director U Thaung Lwin of Myanma Railways said that the 34.6 mile Myingyan-Nyaung U railroad will be built with curves under 6 degrees and slopes under 0.825 degree, to permit 80 mph trains in the future. Completion is slated for June 1996. [maps] (NLM 11/9) Special Refresher Courses Nov. 3: SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt opened Special Refresher Course No. 1 for Red Cross Executives, with a speech calling on them to participate actively in State health projects and social affairs. "He said all are aware of the acts to cause weakening of patriotism of the youths by showing off material development of the foreign countries, alluring the youths to lose their heart in striving on their own and in proper ways for national interests and to work as the minions of the aliens, and temptations to take pleasure in the aliens culture and discard national cultures." (NLM 11/4) Nov. 13: SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt addressed the Special Refresher Course No. 20 for Basic Education Teachers. Among other topics, "he...pointed out the evil schemes and tactics of the colonialists to lower the education standard. He cited 85 per cent of Myanmar people who were literate at the time of ancient Myanmar kings but, he said, the rate fell to about 35 per cent after Myanmar was in servitude. Before the colonial rule, he said, some educated Myanmars knew foreign languages such as English, French and so on and they could deal with foreign nations on equal terms. Moreover, he said, they had been able to establish glass factories, foundries, arms factories, mints and so on for national defence and development. Soon after their annexation, he said, the colonialists brought in foreigners, trained them and employed them as skilled workers thereby relegating the role of Myanmar peoples. He said these are historical facts no one can deny." (NLM 11/14) USDA Nov. 14: Patron SLORC Chairman Senior General Than Shwe of the Union Solidarity and Development Association addressed the opening of the two-month Advanced Management Course No. 1 for USDA Executive Committee members. He noted that the USDA now has 2.5 million members, but "it will remain weak in spite of sheer numbers unless this can be turned into quality.... He said that in the absence of proper qualifications and practical abilities, the association will still be weak." He said the USDA is "now in the process of gradually changing into a national organization." But, as an association organized mainly with youths, it "has to provide leadership to the youths of the nation." He noted that training includes computer applications, "to keep abreast of the computer age." English will be taught at the course, "to be able to keep abreast of international developments." He devoted considerable time to stressing the need for national defence, noting that "the form of war nowadays is no engagement between armies but it takes the form of waging wars on policy matters and opinions." Previous courses included political, economic, and administrative aspects. "Military outlook is added to the present course, he said." (NLM 11/15) Prisoners Released Nov. 18: 18 persons were released from Mawlamyine Jail and one from Myeik Jail under Section 401(1) of the Code of Penal Procedures. (NLM 11/19) Sen-Gen. Than Shwe on Tour Oct. 31: SLORC Chairman Senior General Than Shwe inspected reservoir projects in Tatkon and Yaksawk Townships. [photos] (NLM 11/1) Nov. 1: He inspected construction works in Taunggyi and Bahtoo Tatmyo. In the evening he returned to Yangon. (NLM 11/2) Exiles Return Nov. 6: Kyaw Zaw (a) Ngai Ngai, a member of the Burmese Association in Japan (BAIJ), "which is opposing the State," returned to the legal fold through the Myanmar Embassy in Tokyo. He had gone to Japan in 1988, and "witnessed moral turpitude, self-interest and misappropriation of funds of the BAIJ leadership...." (NLM 11/7) Nov. 13: U Mahn Aung San, Chairman of the central division of the Expatriate Sein Win Group, returned to the legal fold on Oct. 23 at the Myawady Camp. (NLM 11/14) NATIONAL CONVENTION Plenary Session Nov. 28: The National Convention Plenary Session reconvened, with 631 of 677 delegates present. Chairman Lt-Gen. Myo Nyunt of the National Convention Convening Commission addressed the opening session [see below]. The National League for Democracy, refused to continue to participate in the Convention, and its delegates withdrew. [see below for Commission Press Release on the NLD withdrawal from the National Convention]. (NLM 11/29) Nov. 29: The Plenary Session continued, with 545 of 591 delegates present. [Withdrawn NLD delegates are no longer counted -- HCMacD.] National Convention Convening Commission Chairman Lt-Gen. Myo Nyunt addressed the session concerning the withdrawal of the National League for Democracy [see below, under NLD Withdrawal]. The Session then heard proposals on the Structure of Legislature presented by Peasants, Workers, Intellectuals and Intelligentsia, and State Service Personnel groups [full texts]: Peasant delegate group National Convention delegate U Than Maung of Kanbalu Township, Sagaing Division, of the Peasant delegate group said the group would present the paper in two parts. He said the first part would be presented by himself and the second part by U Kyi Maung of Myittha Township, Mandalay Division. He said in connection with legislature the convention has already laid down a fundamental principle that the legislative power of the State is distributed among Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, Region Hluttaw and State Hluttaw; and legislative power stipulated by the State Constitution shall be distributed to self-administered areas. In laying down the fundamental principles based on this principle, detailed principles should be laid down as: 1. The legislative power of the State is distributed among Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, Region Hluttaw and State Hluttaw. 2. Legislative power stipulated by the State Constitution shall be distributed to self-administered areas. He said in stipulating the number of Pyithu Hluttaw representatives and constituting the Pyithu Hluttaw, detailed principles should be laid down as: -- The Pyithu Hluttaw is to be constituted with 440 representatives as follows: (a) no more than 330 representatives elected on the basis of population, (b) no more than 110 Tatmadaw servicemen nominated as such by the Defence Services Commander-in-Chief. In connection with the proposals to be included in the detailed principles for constituting the Amyotha Hluttaw, he said it should consist of equal number of Hluttaw representatives from the Regions and States and Tatmadaw servicemen Hluttaw representatives nominated by the Defence Services Commander-in-Chief in accord with the fundamental principles laid down. He said the number of representatives of the Hluttaw that would emerge later should be about twice the number of representatives of the Amyotha Hluttaw. He said it had already been proposed that the Pyithu Hluttaw should be made up of 440 representatives at most. Hence, he said the Amyotha Hluttaw should be constituted with 220 Hluttaw representatives or about that number of 224 Hluttaw representatives. Then only would it be possible to stipulate 16 Hluttaw representatives from each Region and State in electing equal number of Amyotha Hluttaw representatives including Tatmadaw servicemen. Amyotha Hluttaw representatives. [sic] He said out of the 16, 12 are to be elected and four Tatmadaw servicemen representatives nominated by the Defence Services Commander-in-Chief should be included. In presenting the second part, peasant delegate U Kyi Maung said Region Hluttaws and State Hluttaws are to promulgate necessary laws for the Regions and States exercising powers invested to them mainly by the State Constitution. He said in accord with the fundamental principles, the Region Hluttaws or State Hluttaws should comprise Hluttaw representatives elected from the stipulated constituencies of the Region or State concerned, Tatmadaw servicemen representatives nominated by the Defence Services Commander-in-Chief and national race representatives residing in the respective Regions or States with appropriate sizes of population. Hluttaw representatives are to be elected township-wise in the Regions and States for the respective Region Hluttaws and State Hluttaws, he added. He said population of the country at present is about 44 million. Certain national races who have 0.1 per cent of the total population should be included in the legislature and executive of the self-administered areas in the Regions and States concerned, he said. National races who meet this stipulation would be permitted in the legislature and executive of the Regions or States and self-administered areas as national race representatives, he added. Other national races who have less than 0.1 per cent of the total population wishing to present their affairs to the Region Hluttaws or State Hluttaws will be permitted to do so through the Region/State Hluttaw representatives elected from their respective constituencies, he said. He spoke of the need to lay down in detail the principles barring those from being elected as fundamental principles have been laid down in detail on connection with prescribing qualifications for the Hluttaw representatives. He said the following principles should be laid down as bases: -- The following persons shall not have the right to stand for election as Pyithu Hluttaw representatives: (a) any person serving prison terms after he was convicted by a court for committing a crime, (b) any person, whether before or after the commencement of this Constitution, who has been convicted of an offence disqualifying him to stand for election as Pyithu Hluttaw representative for a prescribed period, unless such period has elapsed, (c) any person who is of unsound mind and stands so declared by a relevant law, (d) any person who is undischarged bankrupt or insolvent, (e) any person who is under any acknowledgement of allegiance or adherence to a foreign power, or is a subject or citizen, (f) any person who is entitled to the rights and privileges of a subject or citizen of a foreign power, (g) any person who is directly or indirectly enjoying money, land, housing, buildings, vehicles, property etc. of the government or religious associations or any other organizations of a foreign country or a member of such association or organization, (h) any person who speaks, gives talks, issues announcements and instigates to vote or not to vote using religious for political cause or a member of such an organization, (i) any person who is a member of a religious order, (j) any person who is a civil servant, (k) any person who is enjoying directly or indirectly the State-owned money, land, housing, building, vehicle, property etc. or a member of such an organization. Exception (1). As regards State-owned money neither pension allowances nor cash granted officially by the State in the service of State are included. Exception (2). As regards State-owned land, housing, building, vehicles and property, neither State-owned land, housing, building and flats, other buildings and flats permitted under a law or permitted to discharge State duty or rented by the State nor State-owned aircraft, trains, ships, motor vehicles etc. rented by the state are included. [sic] (l) any person, whether before or after the commencement of this Constitution, who has been found to have been guilty of an offence or corrupt or illegal practice relating to elections to stand for election as Pyithu Hluttaw representative or disqualified to stand for election as Pyithu Hluttaw representative for his failure to abide by the election law for a period, and unless such period has elapsed. Moreover, he said, detailed fundamental principle should be laid down in connection with the qualifications of the Tatmadaw servicemen representatives as follows: -- Tatmadaw servicemen Pyithu Hluttaw representatives nominated by the Defence Services Commander-in-Chief are to meet the qualifications prescribed for the Pyithu Hluttaw representatives. He said the proposals on the legislature were submitted within the framework of the six objectives of the National Convention and 104 fundamental principles laid down. He noted that the proposals included fundamental principles that would serve the interests of the respective national races aimed at consolidating the unity of national races in the Union of Myanmar. Similarly, he said, there included fundamental principles that would protect the nation from dangers, safeguard Our Three Main National Causes and enable the Tatmadaw to participate in the national political leadership role of the future State. He then expressed his belief that the fundamental principles in connection with the structure of the legislature would contribute toward emergences of a State Constitution which will ensure perpetuation of the State and national solidarity and give security and protection to the nation and the people. Proposal paper of worker delegates group U Tha Aye of Ramree Township, Rakhine State, a delegate of the worker delegates group said he would present the first part of the worker delegate group's proposal paper on the structure of the legislature and U Kyaw Myo of Padaung Township, Bago Division, would present the second part. He said the worker delegates group would discuss lasting principles that would contribute to national consolidation. In other words, he said, the group would present principles that conform to the aspirations of the people and suit the objective conditions in the long run. Moreover, he said, fundamental principles laid down for the structure of the legislature are designed to enable all the national races to share rights, privileges and responsibilities equitably and enable the Tatmadaw which has fine traditions to play a national political leadership role with the proper ratio in the Pyithu Hluttaw of the Tatmadaw servicemen representatives. He said the National Convention delegates with common goals and aspirations are prepared to carry on for the emergence of a new State Constitution to be written to allow harmonious participation of the representatives of the national races, mass and class organizations and Tatmadaw servicemen. 12 The worker delegates group, mindful of the six objectives of the National Convention, would present suggestions for the fundamental principles which should be included in the State Constitution, he said. In connection with the structure of the Pyithu Hluttaw, he said there are a total of 324 townships in the Union of Myanmar at present. Population in certain townships is dense but sparse in some. However, he said, national brethren are living together in almost every township. Hence, election of representatives township-wise based on population would allow a large number of national races to take part in the Pyithu Hluttaw, he said, adding one Pyithu Hluttaw representative is to be elected from each township the population of which is 300,000 or more. In so doing, he said, it should be stipulated that no more than 330 Pyithu Hluttaw representatives are to be elected. When more Pyithu Hluttaw representatives are need [sic] to be elected to meet 330, he said, one representative each is to be elected from the townships which have more than 300,000 population starting from the township with greatest number of population. This should be prescribed in accordance with the election law. Then a total of 330 representatives would be elected from townships, he said. With 110 Tatmadaw servicemen Pyithu Hluttaw representatives, Pyithu Hluttaw should be constituted with the total number of 440 Pyithu representatives, he said. In connection with the formation of the Amyotha Hluttaw, a fundamental principle has been laid down that an equal number of Hluttaw representatives are to be elected from the Regions and States with the participation of Tatmadaw servicemen Hluttaw representatives nominated by the Defence Services Commander-in-Chief, he said. Hence, he said, he would like to suggest what number of Hluttaw representatives should comprise the Amyotha Hluttaw. The number of Pyithu Hluttaw representatives should be twice the number of Amyotha Hluttaw representatives, he said, adding the worker delegates group has proposed the number of Pyithu Hluttaw representatives should be 440 at most. The Amyotha Hluttaw, therefore, should be made up of 220 or around this number of representatives, he suggested. Altogether 16 Amyotha Hluttaw representatives, including Tatmadaw member Amyotha Hluttaw representatives, should be included in each of the Regions and States in accord with the fundamental principles already laid down, and 12 of the 16 are to be elected and the remaining four should be Tatmadaw member Hluttaw representatives nominated by the Defence Services Commander-in-Chief, he said. He proposed that Amyotha Hluttaw be constituted with a maximum of 224 Hluttaw representatives. U Kyaw Myo Win of Padaung Township, Bago Division, continued to read proposals on the formation of the Legislature submitted by the worker delegates group. In Region Hluttaws and State Hluttaws, Tatmadaw member Region Hluttaw or State Hluttaw representatives nominated by the Defence Services Commander-in-Chief are to be stipulated in addition to Hluttaw representatives elected from constituencies and Hluttaw representatives of national races having appropriate sizes of population, he said and proposed that the Region Hluttaw and the State Hluttaw be constituted with Tatmadaw member Hluttaw representatives the number of which is one-third of the total number of Hluttaw representatives-elect. So, he said, the Region Hluttaw or the State Hluttaw must be constituted as follows: (a) in regions and states, Region or State Hluttaw representatives made up of two representatives each elected from townships; (b) in regions, Region Hluttaw representatives made up of one representative each elected from among national races, each having a population which constitutes 0.1 per cent of the national population, of the remaining national races other than national races who have got the respective Region or who have got self-administered areas in that Region; (c) in states, State Hluttaw representatives made up of one representative each elected from among national races, each having a population which constitutes 0.1 per cent of the national population, of the remaining national races other than national races who have got the respective State or who have got self-administered areas in that State; (d) Tatmadaw member Region Hluttaw or State Hluttaw representatives nominated by the Defence Services Commander-in-Chief in numbers equal to one-third of the total Hluttaw representatives elected in the paras (a) and (b) or (a) and (c). He proposed that these be laid down as detailed principles to serve as bases. He expressed his belief that suggestions included in the proposal paper of the worker delegates group are suited to the Union of Myanmar and will contribute to emergence of the kind of Constitution which will practically bring about welfare of all national races. U Sum Lut Naw U Sum Lut Naw, worker delegate of Myitkyina Township, Kachin State, submitted a separate proposal on the structure of the Legislature to be included in writing the Constitution. He first wished the National Convention delegates physical and spiritual wellbeing. In his suggestions on the numbers of Hluttaw representatives to be included in the two Hluttaws, he said the National Convention Convening Work Committee had explained with reasons that the number of Hluttaw representatives to be included in the Pyithu Hluttaw should be 440; one-fourth of that number, 110, should be Tatmadaw member representatives; and the remaining three-fourths, 330, should be Hluttaw representatives-elects. He said he assumed the ratio of Hluttaw representatives is proper, reiterating that the work is to continue with the formation of 110 Tatmadaw member representatives, or one-fourth of the total Hluttaw representatives, to be able to implement the sixth objective of the National Convention. One-fourth is a suitable ratio to begin with, he said and expressed support to that the number of Tatmadaw member Hluttaw representatives should be one-fourth of the total number of Hluttaw representatives. [Representation of Union Territories] He said Union territory placed under direct administration of the President of the Union is included in writing the Constitution and as it is different from other regions and states, it is assumed that it should be taken into special consideration. He proposed that two Hluttaw representatives of Union territory be included in the emerging Amyotha Hluttaw or Taingyintha Lumyomyar Hluttaw, explaining that with this inclusion, the total number of Hluttaw representatives will become 226, instead of 224. He expressed his strong belief that the Hluttaw thus formed will comprise nationalities in a fair ratio and contribute to further consolidation of national unity. He proposed the Hluttaw be called the Taingyintha Lumyomyar Hluttaw instead of Amyotha Hluttaw and wished further consolidation of national unity. Intellectuals and intelligentsia Director-General Dr. Ko Lay of Health Manpower Department presented a proposal paper compiled by the intellectuals and intelligentsia delegates group on the structure of the Legislature. First of all he wished physical and spiritual wellbeing to all the National Convention delegates. He said Chairman of the National Convention Convening Work Committee U Aung Toe elaborated at the National Convention plenary session on 2 September 1994 on designation of the self-administered divisions or self-administered zones and structures of the Legislature, the Executive and the Judiciary to be included in writing the Constitution and the intellectual and intelligentsia delegates openly, cordially and elaborately discussed his clarifications and independently put forward their desires, opinions and suggestions. The discussions, he said, were based on the following points: (a) the six objectives of the National Convention; (b) the 104 fundamental principles, which serve as State guideline, unanimously laid down by the National Convention; (c) the National Convention Convening Procedures; (d) the wellbeing of the entire mass of the nationals and the Union of Myanmar; (e) emergence of a fine Constitution. He said every nation needs laws for creation of good conditions such as security of lives and property for all the nationals, perpetuation of the State, wellbeing of their life, sharing the feeling of what is independence among all nationals, safeguarding their rights, prevalence of discipline and peace and tranquillity, defending the nationals against lawless, anarchistic characteristics and achieving higher and higher standard of living with the development and progress of the nation and legislative bodies are to make necessary laws. There must be an executive body which itself adhering to these laws, will provide supervision on the nationals' adherence to the laws, and the Government, called the executive body, will exercise the administrative powers, he said. Concerning the judiciary, he said that with the laws necessary for the State and the executive body, which supervises the nationals for their adherence of laws, there must also be a judicature to hear cases of and administer persons who do not obey and breach the laws and it is the judiciary which will exercise judicial power, adding that the delegates had to ponder over, review and coordinate relatively or separately the three headings -- the Legislature, the Executive and the Judiciary. He spoke of giving ample suggestions by the intelligentsia and intellectuals delegates on whether the term Amyotha Hluttaw (National Assembly) or instead, the term Taingyintha Hluttaw, should be used and said the majority of them favoured 'Taingyintha Hluttaw'. [Tatmadaw representatives] He said that their delegates group is of the opinion that the basic principle 'Pyithu Hluttaw, Amyotha Hluttaw, Regional Hluttaws and State Hluttaws shall include Tatmadaw member Hluttaw representatives nominated by the Defence Services Commander-in-Chief which constitute one-fourth of the total number of the Hluttaw representatives' should be laid down and it is in conformity with the objective of the National Convention 'for the Tatmadaw to be able to participate in the national political leadership role of the future State' and the 104 basic principles. He said that as it is in a position to guarantee future wellbeing of the State, we accept it as a good principle which should be laid down. Concerning the matter, the intellectuals and intelligentsia delegates conducted extensive discussions, he said and spoke of the Tatmadaw as a national force or national political pillar which has safeguarded the people for their welfare in all along the Myanmar history and of discussions of various delegates groups of national traditions of the Tatmadaw. He said Tatmadaw member Hluttaw representatives must be included in various Hluttaws for the Tatmadaw, which has constantly upheld welfare of the people, to be able to participate, have a say and put forward suggestions in various levels of the Legislature and Executive and to be able to shoulder national political duties. He spoke of the National Convention's having laid down the 104 fundamental principles, which form essence and core of the Constitution or in other words, heart and soul of the Constitution or guiding principles for other chapters. We must have preventive measures not to have these crucial principles and important principles, sections and sub-sections of other chapters easily amended, he said and cited the fundamental principle on non-secession from the Union as an stance [sic] which cannot be permitted for amendment. Concerning participation of Tatmadaw member representatives which constitute one-fourth of the total number of the Hluttaw representatives-elect, the following principle to serve as basis should be laid down: Pyithu Hluttaw, Amyotha Hluttaw, Region Hluttaws and State Hluttaws shall include Tatmadaw servicemen Hluttaw representatives nominated by the Defence Services Commander-in-Chief which constitute one-fourth of the total number of the Hluttaw representatives. He said that the intellectual and intelligentsia delegates, in holding discussions systematically in conformity with democratic norms and the National Convention Procedures, have found that facts to be included in the structure of the Legislature, as clarified by the National Convention Convening Work Committee Chairman U Aung Toe, guarantee the affairs of building a new genuine democracy nation which all of us hope for and sovereignty of the nationals and equality of the national brethren can be seen vividly. Hence, he said, the delegates group proposed principles to form as bases in the structure of the Legislature with suggestions put forward with goodwill. (To be continued) (NLM 11/30) Lt-Gen. Myo Nyunt's Opening Address Nov. 28: National Convention Convening Commission Chairman Lt-Gen. Myo Nyunt addressed the Convention's opening session [full text]: Esteemed Delegates to the National Convention, Allow me to tell you first of all that I am especially delighted to see that delegates to the National Convention have ardently come to attend this plenary session and to see all of you in good health and I welcome you heartily. Much progress has been made by all of us, National Convention Delegates, the National Convention Convening Commission, the National Convention Convening Work Committee, and the National Convention Convening Management Committee, working together hand in hand at this National Convention. What we are endeavouring to do at this National Convention is aimed at obtaining the principles on which the writing of the Constitution is to be based. We are not yet writing the new Constitution. We will be ready to write the Constitution when we have obtained all those basic principles. To cite an example, one has, first of all, to think about and lay down the objectives for its durability and other essentials in order to construct for the emergence of a grand building. At the same time, a soil test has to be conducted at the place where the building is to be constructed. In keeping with the points thus obtained, the team of architects will produce a blueprint. Having obtained a general sketch, and based on the requirements of that design, a detailed design will be produced. Then, having obtained the architect's designs thus, the necessary building materials will have to be gathered and the grand, durable building must be constructed. In like manner, National Convention delegates resemble architects in endeavours to build a new nation. What we have thus far coordinated upon and laid down as fundamental principles constitutes the building's design. According to Myanmar saying, if the initial step is missed in getting a spouse, building a pagoda and pitting a tattoo, then it is hard to mend later. If one chooses a wrong partner in marriage, it goes like the saying 'lose once in trading, but for life in choosing a husband.' From the standpoint of the nation and the nationals, it is very important to be free of faults, flaws, weakness and anything amiss in writing a Constitution. We know from personal experience how we suffered as a result of the weakness of the 1947 Constitution and the conditions of 1988, and no further elaboration is necessary. If we assess the current situation in Myanmar Naing-Ngan, we will notice there exists a specially vast differences [sic] between past and present. From the former one-party system, we are now heading toward a multi-party system, from the former centralized economy, we are now moving toward a market economy. From the former surging of all kinds of internal strife, we are now moving in the direction of national reconciliation and beginning to gain momentum in consolidation. We are duty-bound to work together for consolidation and perpetuation of unity and peace. Today, there are not only ten political parties but also national organizations which have entered the legal fold and are shouldering responsibilities for development of the State. In this significant situation, it is necessary, in our efforts for flourishing of the multi-party system we envisage, to apply common sense and to have principles and methods that help us steer clear of extremes. There is no one to argue or go against our having as our goal the emergence of our country as a state where democracy flourishes. It is necessary, in working toward that goal, to ensure that, while the objective is the same, it is necessary to avoid zealousness and mistake in being hasty in our march toward that goal. Esteemed Delegates, The concepts and ideas I have mentioned above are reflected in the Six Objectives of the National Convention -- (1) non-disintegration of the Union; (2) non-disintegration of the national solidarity; (3) perpetuation of sovereignty; (4) flourishing of a genuine multi-party democracy; (5) further flourishing of the noblest and worthiest of worldly values, namely, justice, liberty and equality in the State; and, (6) for the Tatmadaw to be able to participate in the national political leadership role of the future State. It is our duty to see to the materialization of these objectives. These Six Objectives have been explicitly declared in the State Law and Order Restoration Council Order No. 13/92 on 2 October 1992, forming the National Convention Convening Commission. In Order No. 13/92 forming the National Convention Convening Commission, seven functions it was entrusted with were also explicitly included. These are: (a) determining the methods for selection of delegates to attend the National Convention according to the following categories of delegates: (1) delegates of political parties; (2) delegates of Hluttaw representatives-elect; (3) delegates of national races; (4) delegates of peasants; (5) delegates of workers; (6) delegates of intelligentsia and intellectuals; (7) delegates of service personnel; (8) other invited persons. (b) after determining the methods for selection of delegates, intimating to the relevant organizations for selection of delegates in the prescribed number according to the category of delegates; (c) determining the periods for respective organizations to send the nomination list and personal records of the delegates; (d) compiling the names and personal records of delegates according to the category of delegates; (e) sending invitations for the timely attendance at the National Convention, after receiving a complete list of the names of delegates; (f) laying down the procedures relating to the convening of the National Convention; (g) laying down and carrying out the administrative work programmes and financial regulations required for the convening of the National Convention. The Commission has the right to form committees as necessary and duly assign them duties in order to assure better success. At the conclusion of the National Convention, the National Convention Convening Commission will have to submit its report to the State Law and Order Restoration Council. In fact preparations for the convening of the National Convention were made according to State Law and Order Restoration Council Order No. 11/92 issued on 24 April 1992 and due coordination at our meeting with delegates of political parties and independent representatives-elect and have been implemented accordingly. In accord with the task officially given to the National Convention Convening Commission by the State Law and Order Restoration Council that in leading the State, we constituted the National Convention Convening Work Committee and assigned to it suitable tasks that required to be carried out. Thereafter, the National Convention Convening Commission drew up the working procedures and published them explicitly on 1 January 1993. This was done in exercise of rights bestowed by Paragraph 5 Sub-Paragraph (Kha) of the Order No. 13/92 dated 2 October 1992 of the State Law and Order Restoration Council. The objective and the nature of the procedures followed in holding the National Convention are aimed at making it possible to hold discussion systematically and freely for the success of the Convention. Therein are prescribed methods to be used such as the following: -- Members of each group can freely elect five members of the Panel of Chairmen to lead and supervise their group; -- Each group's Panel of Chairmen and each group's members are at liberty to schedule and hold discussions as they wish, and freely coordinate, discuss and present matters till they are resolved without any limitation of time or date; -- Each group is at liberty to freely write and present group-wise the proposal paper of their group; -- Each group is at liberty to have the proposal paper of the group read out and presented at plenary sessions by a representative chosen by the group; -- Discussions are to be held objectively, refraining from attacks to harm any person or any group; -- The workings of the National Convention are to be kept to oneself so that there is no premature leakage of information; -- All behaviour, speech and attire is to be in accord with the prestige and dignity of the National Convention, and so on. These procedures are being adhered to all along right up to this day too. Moreover, there are also prescribed among the procedures Convention delegates' responsibilities, rights and privileges and Panel of Chairmen's responsibilities and rights. We are convening a great meeting that is the highest in terms of standard and prestige in the Myanmar Naing-Ngan. We are not doing it in a way satirised by the saying "lights out after it is all over." As we are making a great endeavour that must recorded in the chronicles of the history of Myanmar Naing-Ngan, getting together with parties, various masses and classes, various organizations and various national races, systematically discussing matters, making proposals, getting together and bringing out evident points with all seriousness, it is imperative to have precise and good discipline and procedures and to adhere to them. This is a good way that should be practised in discipline properly with respect and integrity by every cultured and disciplined society of people. Although it may not always be necessary to strictly observe discipline in engaging in social conversations outside, it will not do not to have adequate discipline and ways at the National Convention, it has been understood and accepted by all the delegates. We started convening the National Convention on 9 January 1993 with delegates' groups all present and it has gone smoothly and successfully so far. To enumerate the success in other words the fruits of the National Convention [sic], it laid down on 4 April 1993 the 15 chapter headings namely: Chapter (1) State fundamental principles Chapter (2) State structure Chapter (3) Head of State Chapter (4) Legislature Chapter (5) Executive Chapter (6) Judiciary Chapter (7) Tatmadaw Chapter (8) Citizenship and Citizens' fundamental rights and responsibilities Chapter (9) Election Chapter (10) Political parties Chapter (11) Emergency provisions Chapter (12) Amending the State Constitution Chapter (13) State Flag, Emblem, Anthem and Capital Chapter (14) Provisions for period of transition Chapter (15) General provisions After coordinating and laying down of the 15 chapter headings, we were able to lay down after serious discussion and appraisal 104 principles to serve as basis in the chapter on State fundamental principles at the National Convention held on 16 September 1993. Likewise we have been able to lay down detailed basic principles for the chapter on State structure and the chapter on Head of State at the National Convention held on 9 April 1994. Esteemed Delegates, The chapter headings we are serious discussing and making proposals on currently are: (1) The Legislature (2) The Executive (3) The Judiciary It is necessary to bring out and lay down detailed basic principles fully and firmly in aspects of formation under the three chapter headings. Accordingly the various delegates groups will be presenting proposal papers concerning the three chapter headings. In conducting group-wise discussions systematically and seriously the delegates have held discussions and made suggestions freely to their hearts' content, and in preparing of proposal papers too, they have done it to their full satisfaction in tranquillity without any restriction in the number of pages or the number of days, it is known to all the delegates. Thinking out, discussing and proposing points from all angles and aspects with consideration of all factors all round and bringing out and laying down detailed basic principles is, in truth, not an easy matter and also, it is not something that should be done easily and expeditiously, I would like to say. In bringing out principles to serve as basis in drawing up the State Constitution, it is utterly inappropriate to copy from any other country. It is something that should not be done. Only after comprehensively reflecting cultural conditions, historical traditions and surrounding situations of one's own country and nationality are the best, the most possible and the most appropriate principles to be laid down. As it has to be done so with serious contemplation, weighing everything properly, with utmost consideration for the interests of the country and the nationality, it will take just as long as it should. It is evident that, while our National Convention is being convened with all seriousness, the entire people all over the country too are giving their support for the success of the National Convention. It will be known to the delegates that the National Convention was hailed and endorsed by over four million people attending the mammoth rallies held in 26 cities during January 1994. It will also be known that more than K 43 lakhs have been generously donated to the National Convention by the people with fervent wish to honour it and ardent desire to more completely meet the needs, even as they know expenses are being borne out of the State funds in the main to completely meet the needs of the delegates ensuring tranquillity and pleasantness in their travels and stays in convening the National Convention. Just as there are those who make donations out of their hard earned incomes, there are many hundreds of people who make blood donations hailing the National Convention. These show that emergence of a Constitution is essential for the State; what is desired is an enduring constitution and not a nominal one; a kind of constitution written with priority given to interests of a party is not wanted; and hopes are placed with respectful appreciation of the importance of the National Convention being convened together hand in hand by all strata and classes of people and various political parties to obtain principles to serve as basis in writing an enduring constitution. Esteemed Delegates, There has been a turning point in the historical development of our country, Myanmar, since 1988. Just as the political system changed, so also has the basic economic system. It is necessary to co-operate with patience as we are paving the way for the smooth change to a multiparty democratic system in the country. As it can be seen and heard how the change is not smooth plagued by flowing of blood and blazing of fires in European countries that had made turns in political systems, I think nothing need be said especially. We have explicitly exposed and made known evil schemes to take over power through violence in the wake of the 1988 disturbances in Myanmar. The schemes had been so big with especially the Ba Ka Pa (BCP) aiming to occupy Kengtung after seizing Mongyang, and other columns aiming to take over Lashio, then Mandalay and marching on finally to occupy Yangon, and it even came to such a stage that warships of a big nation transgressed into Myanmar waters. How they had schemed big to launch a synchronized armed struggle and political struggle linking up rural and urban areas has been revealed. Similarly, they stepped up the tempo of their armed assaults in the south-east and threatened the major towns and became so bold as to explode bombs at the City Hall in Yangon. Had the situation of the 1988 disturbances in Myanmar been not brought under control, it would have become worse than the situation in the countries of Europe so disastrous today. Now, after removing and clearing away the dangers that could occur during changes of system and era stability, peace and tranquillity and the rule of law have been established in reality in the country. At the same time, due to endeavours made with the right outlook and sincere goodwill for national reconsolidation, remarkable successes are being achieved, as it is known to all. So, we all are responsible for seriously valuing, cherishing and preserving the good conditions and maintaining the momentum of success achieved by the National Convention and then carry on the work. The State Law and Order Restoration Council will not, in any way, allow these positively developing conditions to be jeopardized or marred. It will not stand any element marring or obstructing the process of the National Convention. We all know the Tatmadaw and the people are looking to the National Convention with loving care and high hopes. So, all the delegates are urged to strive for the success of the National Convention together with the National Convention Convening Commission, the National Convention Convening Work Committee and National Convention Convening Management Committee. Of the four political objectives of the State today, the fourth calling for the building of a new modern developed nation in accord with the new State Constitution is our goal. We are determined to achieve that goal with tenacity, courage and strong spirit. There cannot be a single person among all the strata and classes of people including all the national races living in the country who does not like or wish for stability of the State, community peace and tranquillity, prevalence of law and order, national reconsolidation, emergence of a new State Constitution and building of a new modern developed nation. The programme for Myanmar Naing-Ngan to march along unrelentingly is for full realization of the four political objectives, four economic objectives and four social objectives laid down by the State. Other than that, there is none. It is a time of great need for the entire mass of the people to co-operate in unison to realize the political, economic and social objectives as the programmes of endeavours for the building of a peaceful, pleasant, developed and modern nation. Our National Convention plays an important role in this programme of development. So, success of the National Convention is the cause for emergence of the State Constitution. Emergence of the State Constitution is the basic cause for emergence of a genuine multiparty democracy system. There is no effect without cause as in the teaching 'yedhamma hetuppabhava'. Esteemed Delegates, The delegates, together with us, have been able to lay down principles to form as basis after seriously discussing and putting forward suggestions on the first, second and third of the 15 chapter headings -- State fundamental principles, State structure and Head of State -- with high respect to the six objectives of the National Convention. Now, proposal papers on the formative aspects under the three headings -- the Legislature, the Executive and the Judiciary -- will be submitted in continuity. All of us must seriously listen to and note down the contents of various paper compiled by the delegates to their hearts' content. Afterwards, in accord with traditions and past experience, let us all together hand in hand carry on with the work of collecting and presenting the findings of the panel of chairmen, coordinating with groups, if necessary, the National Convention Convening Work Committee making its scrutiny and appraisal, and laying down points as basic principles in conformity with the procedures of holding the National Convention. With this emphatic exhortation, I conclude. (NLM 11/29) Press Release on NLD Withdrawal Nov. 28: The National Convention Convening Commission issued the following Press Release [full text]: 1. The National Convention which has been going on since 9 January 1993 with eight delegates groups to obtain principles to serve as bases in drawing up the State Constitution started its current plenary session on 28 November 1995. At this plenary session, Lt-Gen. Myo Nyunt, Chairman of the National Convention Convening Commission, delivered an address appraising the importance and political essence of the National Convention. The full text of his address has been broadcast on radio and television programmes on the evening of 28 November 1995. 2. Like the previous sessions, the plenary session of the National Convention held on 28 November 1995 was attended, among others, by five delegates from the National Convention included in the political parties delegates group and 81 representatives-elect of the National Convention included in the representatives-elect group. 3. At a time when the National Convention was being held systematically with momentum in accord with the six objectives, a letter containing an attack with a negative attitude towards the National Convention was sent by the National League for Democracy on 27-11-95, signed by U Aung Shwe, Chairman of that League, and addressed to U Aung Toe, Chairman of the National Convention Convening Work Committee. 4. The National League for Democracy again intimated in writing for the National Convention Convening Work Committee to reply on 28-11-95 stating the committee's attitude on its letter dated 27-11-95 containing criticism in connexion with the National Convention. 5. Moreover, the National League for Democracy sent another letter to the Chairman of the National Convention Convening Commission on 28-11-95 saying that its delegates would not continue to attend the National Convention, giving the reason mainly that the matter of dialogue wanted by them was not included at all, as they found in their studies of points in the address of the Chairman of the National Convention Convening Commission. 6. In analyzing the actions one after another of the National League for Democracy as above, it will be found that they are actions: -- to cancel the basic principles laid down by the National Convention as they are not in conformity with the opinion of their party; -- to reorganize with persons they like so as to be able to lay down principles as the party likes; -- to lay down new methods and procedures to be followed by the National Convention and carry on as they like; -- to move seriously towards dialogue so as to be able to carry out above matters; -- in appraising those demands mainly, it is found that they have been made with ill premeditation to mar the ongoing works of the Convention and successes achieved after systematic discussions and coordinations. 7. Such attempts aimed at disruption of the National Convention while emphasizing negative outlooks towards the National Convention were made with intent to mar the successes achieved so far by the National Convention. The moves were made with the aim that only after the disruption of the National Convention, their National League for Democracy would replace it with a convention they would be able to dominate as they like, giving priority to promote the interests of their party. 8. Moreover, it is appraised that demand for dialogue was incessantly being made unnecessarily in order that a group said to be leader of the National League for Democracy would be able to lord over the government. When they could not get dialogue on this basis, they have taken this step further for disruption of the National Convention. 9. Their attitude and action does not take into consideration the interests of the State but only aims at furthering those of their own party and is thus tantamount to totally forsaking and going against the national interests. Nonetheless, the National Convention Convening Commission will not abandon its noble national duties. 10. The National Convention, that will be continued with the participation of Convention delegates in the political parties delegates group without the National League for Democracy, the representatives-elect group without representatives-elect from the National League for Democracy, national race delegates group, peasant delegates group, worker delegates group, intellectuals and intelligentsia delegates group, State service personnel delegates group and other invited persons group, will go on in accord with the original arrangements, on the basis of the successes so far achieved at the National Convention. (NLM 11/29) Lt-Gen. Myo Nyunt on NLD Withdrawal Nov. 29: Chairman Lt-Gen. Myo Nyunt of the National Convention Convening Commission addressed the second-day session concerning the withdrawal of delegates from the National League for Democracy [full text]: Esteemed Delegates to the National Convention, The National Convention we are convening is going on with the six objectives including that for flourishing of a genuine multi-party democracy system of Myanmar, and aiming at non-disintegration of the Union, non-disintegration of national solidarity, perpetuation of sovereignty, further burgeoning of the worthiest and noblest of worldly values namely justice, liberty and equality, and for the Tatmadaw to be able to participate in the national political leadership role in the future State, with the delegates of eight groups taking keen interest and holding discussions and coordinations, preparing and presenting proposal papers and laying down basic principles together hand in hand. In a summary I have also reviewed and appraised the successes so far achieved as the delegates to the National Convention and all of us have endeavoured in cooperation and coordination. In my address, I spoke of the need to cooperate with patience as we are paving the way and laying the base for a smooth change to the multi-party, just as I spoke with an appraisal from all points of view on the importance of the National Convention. However, despite what I have said with emphasis, the delegates from the National League for Democracy, it is found, have ceased to attend the National Convention, without having any regard for the workings of the National Convention any more but looking only towards party interests. The main reason proffered for their ceasing to attend the National Convention was mainly that the speech I gave yesterday did not include the matter of dialogue between the State Law and Order Restoration Council and the National League for Democracy. Esteemed Delegates, Our National Convention is one that has resolutely laid down its own objective and that is conducting discussions with aims at obtaining principles to serve as bases as are important for the new State of the future. The matter of a political party organization wanting to meet and talk with the State Law and Order Restoration Council is one that is not concerned with the National Convention. It does not at all come within the purview of the task concerning the convening of the National Convention. Yet, the National League for Democracy, giving priority to affairs of its own party organization, sought a pretext on the National Convention and acted with unrighteous intent like this, resulting in acts of perpetration to wreck the National Convention. Just because a group turning its back on the noble objectives and programmes for peaceful and prosperous development of the State, for flourishing of genuine multi-party democracy system and for safeguarding of Our Three Main National Causes, we have no reason at all to abandon our programmes and objectives. I would like to explicitly say we will carry on, joining hands with the delegates who have honest and sincere aspirations only for national interests, till the successful conclusion of the National Convention, so as to continue to safeguard the fruits of success so far achieved by our endeavours. Esteemed Delegates, Concerning the one-sided violation by the National League for Democracy of the rules and discipline agreed on earlier in connection with the convening of the National Convention, if I am to review and appraise events a little in inter-relation, as it will not do without it, [sic] -- in the course of discussions at meetings held from 23 June 1992 to 10 July 1992 in preliminary coordination for convening of the National Convention, leader of representatives of the National League for Democracy U Aung Shwe spoke at length expressing support for inviting political parties' delegates, national races delegates, peasant delegates, worker delegates, intelligentsia and intellectual delegates, State service personnel delegates and other invited persons, with reference to each category of delegates. As agreed at the preliminary coordination meeting like that, delegates led by U Aung Shwe, leader of representatives from the National League for Democracy, had worked hand in hand with us all along up to yesterday. At one point during the period of such working together in unity, Daw Suu Kyi who had to be living under a restriction order by law for actions harming stability and peace in the State was permitted to live in freedom with the withdrawal of the restriction order on 10 July 1995. Not long after she was permitted to live in freedom, this person gave interviews to internal and external media people and it was found there came out attitudes adopted towards the National Convention. They are: -- in answering questions at her meeting with 35 media representatives on 12 July 1995, she said the National Convention was only in name; she had no objection to this name; after consultations with her colleagues, she would present their attitude to all; -- in answering questions at her meeting with foreign media representatives again on 14 July 1995, she said she did not like the current convening of the National Convention; there were many things to be changed; they must be changed; -- in answering questions at her meeting with internal and external media representatives on 24 July 1995, she said that the NLD still existed as a lawful organization; it could not be said that it was not organized; but there were differences of opinion; for example, U Aung Shwe had been attending the National Convention since it began; he was still attending it even at that time; she did not concur with that; in this way she spoke out her attitude towards the National Convention; -- in answering questions at her meeting with representatives of Japanese news agency on 9 September 1995, she said a declaration would be issued in connection with the National Convention; -- from these, it was seen that, soon after withdrawal of the restriction order, there emerged attitudes opposing the National Convention; these utterances rendered evident action with premeditation to mar the National Convention; -- on 22 November 1995 it was found the attitudes towards the National Convention as originally planned were declared to the outside; in the declaration criticism was made against the Convention delegate participation, procedures and discussions; therein was stated that if the National Convention went on like this, national reconsolidation could not be achieved from the Convention; nor could genuine democracy system emerge; moreover the Constitution the people have faith in would not materialize; she kept on finding fault and criticizing the National Convention; in the meantime Ambassador of the United States of America to the United Nations Ms Madeline Albright arrived on 9 September 1995; after a tete-a-tete between the two she adopted a harsher attitude towards the National Convention; Ms Madeline Albright herself, on meeting media representatives while in Bangkok, Thailand, said she had exerted pressure on Myanmar government to have a dialogue with Daw Suu Kyi; that she learned from Daw Suu Kyi that she, Daw Suu Kyi, not only did not recognize the National Convention but moreover also believed that it had no political effect; -- on 27 November 1995, one day before the convening of the current plenary session of the National Convention, demands were made to reply whether or not there would be compliance with calls for dialogue they are wishing for; to reply with statement of attitude on their fault-finding accusations against the National Convention; exerting pressure to do so on 28 November 1995; sending a letter to that effect to U Aung Toe, Chairman of the National Convention Convening Work Committee. Esteemed Delegates, It is not since just yesterday or the day before that we have been convening the National Convention. We have been doing so since 9 January 1993 and progressing step by step, systematically holding discussions, giving suggestions chapter-wise and heading-wise, bringing out and laying down principles to serve as bases. The delegates well know that the proposal papers presented by the delegates from the National League for Democracy had run into pages numbering by the thousand during that period. In the proposal papers presented by the National League for Democracy, there was support for basic principles, there were also additive proposals, and where, there were areas it could not be agreed upon, these areas were mentioned. While we and all the delegates groups were proceeding with due seriousness in consultation with one another like that, the National League for Democracy was found to have developed a change of attitude as I have presented just now. In appraising the change of attitude of the National League for Democracy, it will be found that there have been aims - -- to cancel the basic principles laid down by the National Convention as they are not in conformity with the opinion of their party; -- thereafter to reorganize with persons they like so as to be able to lay down principles as the party likes; -- to lay down new methods and procedures to be followed in the Convention and carry on as they like; -- to move seriously towards dialogue so as to be able to carry out the above matters; -- in appraising those demands mainly, it is found that they have been made with ill premeditation to mar the ongoing work of the National Convention and success achieved after systematic discussions and coordinations. Esteemed Delegates to the National Convention, In conclusion I would like to call for continued endeavours till we achieve success in the National Convention, hand in hand with the delegates who are here, looking only towards the interests of the State and the interests of the people. (NLM 11/30) DIPLOMATIC Diplomatic Calls [The following calls were paid on Burmese officials by foreign Embassy or UN officials accredited to Burma. Details of the meetings are rarely reported. Ambassadors generally accompany foreign visitors from their countries on official calls, and their presence is generally not noticed in this Summary. Newly arrived and departing Ambassadors generally make the rounds of Cabinet Ministers and other leading officials.] Oct. 31: British Ambassador Robert Anthony Eagelson Gordon (OBE) called on Minister for Forestry Lt-Gen. Chit Swe. (NLM 11/1) Nov. 2: British Ambassador Robert Anthony Eagelson Gordon (OBE) called on Minister for Industry 1 Lt-Gen. Sein Aung, and on Minister for Transport Lt-Gen. Thein Win. Indian Ambassador Lal Thanzaua Pudaite called on Minister for Agriculture Lt-Gen. Myint Aung. (NLM 11/3) Nov. 3: Belgian Ambassador Bernard Lauwaert called on Minister for Forestry Lt-Gen. Chit Swe. (NLM 11/4) Nov. 4: Singapore Ambassador Calvin Eu Mun Hoo called on Minister for Industry-2 Maj-Gen. Kyaw Than. (NLM 11/5) Nov. 7: British Ambassador Robert Anthony Eagelson Gordon (OBE) called Minister for Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement Maj-Gen. Soe Myint. (NLM 11/8) Nov. 8: The British Ambassador called on Chairman U Ba Htay of the Election Commission. (NLM 11/9) Nov. 9: Egyptian Ambassador Abdel Rahim Ismail Shalaby called on Deputy Prime Minister Lt-Gen. Tin Tun. British Ambassador Robert Anthony Eagelson Gordon (OBE) called on Chief Justice U Aung Toe, and on Minister for Mines Lt-Gen. Kyaw Min. (NLM 11/10) Nov. 10: The Egyptian Ambassador called on Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Adm. Maung Maung Khin. The British Ambassador called on Yangon Mayor U Ko Lay. (NLM 11/11) Nov. 13: British Ambassador Robert Anthony Eagelson Gordon (OBE) called on Minister for Hotels and Tourism Lt-Gen. Kyaw Ba, and on Attorney-General U Tha Tun. Malaysian Ambassador Dato Abdul Wahab Bin Haran called on Deputy Prime Minister Lt-Gen. Tin Tun. Egyptian Ambassador Abdel Rahim Ismail Shalaby called on Chief Justice U Aung Toe. (NLM 11/14) Nov. 14: Japanese Ambassador Takashi Tajima called on Minister for Transport Lt-Gen. Thein Win. (NLM 11/15) Nov. 15: Egyptian Ambassador Abdel Rahim Ismail Shalaby called on Minister for Industry 1 Lt-Gen. Sein Aung. Israeli Ambassador Mordechay Karni called on Minister for Agriculture Lt-Gen. Myint Aung. (NLM 11/16) Nov. 17: The Egyptian Ambassador called on Minister for Health Vice-Adm. Than Nyunt. FAO Resident Representative Abdul Wahid Jalil called on Minister for Agriculture Lt-Gen. Myint Aung. (NLM 11/18) Nov. 20: Japanese Ambassador Takashi Tajima called on Minister for Health Vice-Adm. Than Nyunt, and on Minister for Progress of Border Areas and National Races and Development Affairs Lt-Gen. Maung Thint. British Ambassador Robert Anthony Eagelson Gordon (OBE) called on Minister for Health Vice-Adm. Than Nyunt. (NLM 11/21) Nov. 21: Japanese Ambassador Takashi Tajima, who has completed his tour of duties in Myanmar, called on Minister at the Prime Minister's Office Col. Pe Thein, on Minister at the Prime Minister's Office Brig-Gen. Lun Maung, and on Minister for Home Affairs Lt-Gen. Mya Thin. (NLM 11/22) Nov. 22: The Japanese Ambassador called on Minister for Industry 1 Lt-Gen. Sein Aung, and, accompanied by First Secretary Ichiro Maruyama, on Chairman U Ba Htay of the Elections Commission, and on Minister for Mines Lt-Gen. Kyaw Min. (NLM 11/23) Nov. 23: The Japanese Ambassador called on Minister for Forestry Lt-Gen. Chit Swe, on Chief Justice U Aung Toe, and on Attorney-General U Tha Tun. Malaysian Ambassador Dato Abdul Wahab Bin Haran called on Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Adm. Maung Maung Khin. Egyptian Ambassador Abdel Rahim Ismail Shalaby called on Minister for Hotels and Tourism Lt-Gen. Kyaw Ba, and on Attorney-General U Tha Tun. (NLM 11/24) Nov. 24: The Egyptian Ambassador called on Minister for Forestry Lt-Gen. Chit Swe. Japanese Ambassador Takashi Tajima, who has completed his tour of duty, called on Minister for Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement Maj-Gen. Soe Myint, on Minister for Information Maj-Gen. Aye Kyaw, and on Minister for Culture Brig-Gen. Thaung Myint. British Ambassador Robert Anthony Eagelson Gordon (OBE) called on Minister for Energy U Khin Maung Thein, and on Minister for Agriculture Lt-Gen. Myint Aung. (NLM 11/25) Nov. 27: Japanese Ambassador Takashi Tajima called on Yangon Mayor U Ko Lay, and on Minister for Trade Lt-Gen. Tun Kyi. FAO Regional Representative Abdul Wahid Jalil called on Minister for Livestock Breeding & Fisheries Brig-Gen. Maung Maung. (NLM 11/28) Nov. 28: The Japanese Ambassador called on Minister for National Planning and Economic Development Brig-Gen. Abel, Minister for Hotels and Tourism Lt-Gen. Kyaw Ba, and on Minister for Livestock Breeding & Fisheries Brig-Gen. Maung Maung. Indian Ambassador Lal Thanzaua Pudaite called on Minister for National Planning and Economic Development Brig-Gen. Abel. (NLM 11/29) Nov. 29: Japanese Ambassador Takashi Tajima called on SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt, and on Minister for Energy U Khin Maung Thein. UNICEF Resident Representative Steven H. Umemoto called on Minister for Progress of Border Areas and National Races and Development Affairs Lt-Gen. Maung Thint to discuss water supply cooperation, child vaccination, nutrition programmes, and iodised salt distribution. (NLM 11/30) New Ambassadors to Myanmar Nov. 3: Mr. Bernard Lauwaert presented credentials to SLORC Chairman Senior General Than Shwe as new Belgian Ambassador to Myanmar. (NLM 11/4) Nov. 27: The Government has agreed to the appointment of Mr. Kemal Ozcan Davaz as new Turkish Ambassador to Myanmar. He was born on May 20, 1939 in Bursa, Turkey, and graduated in Political Science from Ankara University. He has served in Damascus, Nicosia, Tehran, and Paris. He was Counsellor to the Turkish Permanent Delegation to the OECD and Consul-General in Lyons and Strasbourg. He became Head of the International Economic Relations and Multilateral Cultural Relations Departments. At present he has been appointed Ambassador to Bangladesh, where he will reside. He is married with three children. (NLM 11/27) Nov. 27: The Government has agreed to the appointment of Mr. Tauno Kaaria as new Ambassador of Finland to Myanmar. He was born Dec. 28, 1945, in Helsinki, and joined the Foreign Ministry in 1972. He has served in Dar es Salaam and New York. He will reside in Bangkok. He is married with three children. (NLM 11/27) Attache Tour Nov. 9: Military attach‚s and their families accredited to Myanmar, led by Chinese Attach‚ Senior Col. Wu Hua Chang, visited PyinOoLwin, Mandalay, and Sagaing from Nov. 7-9, accompanied by Deputy Director Col. Kyaw Win of Defence Services Intelligence. (NLM 11/10) INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION Joint Workshops & Projects Oct. 31: A 4-day National Workshop on Working and Street Children, co-sponsored by the Social Welfare Department and UNICEF, opened. It was attended by Department Director-General U Than Po, UNICEF Resident Representative Mr. Umemoto, Project Manager Mr. Chen Xiaoyu, Representative of World Vision International (Myanmar) Mr. David A. Chandler, Representative of World Vision International (Vietnam) Mr. Michael Hegenanar and others. (NLM 11/1) Nov. 6: A six-day Workshop on Advanced Ear Surgery, attended by Myanmar surgeons and post graduate students from Myanmar and Thailand opened at the Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital. Speakers included Secretary Dr. Salyaveth Lekagul of the Rural Ear, Nose and Throat Federation of Thailand, Medical Superintendent Dr. Ba Tin, and Ear, Nose and Throat Specialist Dr. Myo Min. (NLM 11/7) Nov. 14: A Seminar on Milling Technology of Rice and Wheat, jointly sponsored by the Ministry of Trade and Satake Corp. of Japan opened. President of the Corporation Mr. Robert S. Satake spoke. (NLM 11/15) // Nov. 15: Satake Corp. donated $5,000 to the Myanmar Maternal and Child Welfare Association. (NLM 11/16) Nov. 20: The In-country Programme on Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET), co-sponsored by the Ministry of Education and the Colombo Plan Staff College, opened, and was addressed by various officials including Faculty Consultant Mr. M.M.R. Siddiqi of the College. There are 34 participants. (NLM 11/21) Nov. 21: A Meeting on Preservation of Traditional Manuscripts was held Nov. 20-21 under the aegis of the National Commission for the Traditional Manuscripts at the Historical Research Centre at Yangon University. On the first day, representatives of the International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA) and the SEAMFO Regional Centre for Archaeology and Fine Arts (SPAFA), British Library, and Chiang Mai University, discussed manuscript maintenance. On the second day, representatives were heard from the National Archives Department, National Library, Department for Promotion and Propagation of the Sasana, Universities Central Library, Historical Research Centre, Myanmar Language Commission, and the Department of Archaeology. (NLM 11/22) Nov. 26: A Seminar on Bamboo Charcoal Technology and Wood/Bamboo Vinegar Utilization, cosponsored by the Ministry of Forestry and the Japan Domestic Fuel Dealers Association, opened and was addressed by Director-General Dr. Kyaw Tint of the Forest Department and Chairman Mr. Sigeru Inaba of the Association. There are 34 delegates from Japan, 47 from Myanmar, and 2 each from China, Vietnam, Thailand, Laos, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Nepal, and Indonesia. (NLM 11/27) // Nov. 28: The Seminar continued, with 47 trainees, and was addressed by Minister for Forestry Lt-Gen. Chit Swe. (NLM 11/29) Nov. 27: A 3-day Workshop on Spread of AIDS through Needle Infection, jointly sponsored by the Central Committee for Drug Abuse Control and UNDCP opened. (NLM 11/28) Nov. 29: A 3-day National Workshop on Strengthening Reafforestation Programmes in Myanmar, cosponsored by the Forest Department and by Strengthening Reafforestation Programmes in Asia (STRAP) headed by Mr. D.M. Cameron, opened. (NLM 11/30) Donations from Abroad [We report here donations apparently from foreign sources, except for donations incidental to the visits of business visitors, etc., which are included in accounts of the visits. We do not normally report the numerous articles on donations by Burmese individuals inside Burma and Burmese companies to government, religious, and social organizations and charities.] Oct. 31: Korean Embassy Counsellor Mr. Chang presented sports equipment worth US$ 1,200 to the Taekwando Federation. (NLM 11/1) Nov. 4: The Association Francois Xavier Bagnoud presented equipment worth K 123,785 to the HIV/AIDS Recreation Centre at the Infectious Diseases Hospital. (NLM 11/5) Nov. 9: Korea donated ultra-sound equipment worth K 1 million to the Health Department. (NLM 11/10) Nov. 9: Chairman Mr. Masayuki Matsumuro and officials of the Asian Industrial and Technical Development Association of Japan presented a dental X-ray machine to the Ministry of Health. (NLM 11/10) Nov. 10: Chairman of the Board Mr. Masayuki Matsumuro of the Asian Industrial and Technical Development Association presented, on behalf of the Jewellery Study Club, 30 tins of milk powder and US$ 200 to the Social Welfare Department. (NLM 11/ 11) Nov. 24: The Korean Red Cross Seoul, Taegu, and Kyunggi Chapters), represented by Mr. Park Seung Bok, presented vehicles, computers, copiers, and stationery worth $ 146,905 to the Myanmar Red Cross. (NLM 11/25) Nov. 26: The Chairman of the Seoul Red Cross Society of Korea handed relief goods worth US$ 225,300 to Chairman Dr. Joseph of the Bago Red Cross. (NLM 11/27) Nov. 27: Heineken Far East Pte. Ltd. presented sports equipment etc. worth US$ 1,000 to the Myanmar Hockey Federation; Shanghai Co. Ltd. (Heineken Beer) also donated equipment worth K 50,000 to the Federation. (NLM 11/28) Nov. 27: Director Mr. Naresh Kumar Dinodiya of R. Piyarelall International Pte. Ltd. presented soft drinks worth K 21,000 to the Yenatha Leprosy Hospital. (NLM 11/ 28) Nov. 27: Chairman Mr. Nobuo Yukawa of Asahi Yoko Co. Ltd. presented a computer to the Ministry of Trade. (NLM 11/28) Nov. 28: Vice-Chairman Mr. T. Kayata of Komatsu Singapore Pte. Ltd. presented golfing equipment worth US$ 25,000 to Minister for Livestock Breeding & Fisheries Brig-Gen. Maung Maung for the 1995 SLORC Chairman's Bowl Golf Tournament. (NLM 11/ 29) Nov. 28: President Mr. Akira Watari of Nichimen Corp. donated $ 10,000 for leprosy patients. (NLM 11/29) Nov. 28: President Mr. Sadakane Doi of Daiwa Security Co. Ltd. donated $ 5,000 to the President Dr. Tin Oo of MRCS in commemoration of 1995 Writers Day. [photo caption]. (NLM 11/29) // Nov. 29: He donated $ 5,000 each to the Myanmar Red Cross Society and the Myanmar Nurses Association. (NLM 11/30) Nov. 29: President Mr. Akira Watari of Nichimen Corp. donated US$ 20,000 to the Myanmar Maternal and Child Welfare Association. (NLM 11/30) [See also under MISCELLANEOUS: Floods] Social and Economic Cooperation Nov. 7: The Final Review Meeting of the Myanmar-UNICEF Country Programme of Cooperation 1991-1995 began, and heard reports on water supply and sanitation programmes and monitoring the year 2000 UNICEF goals. Regional Director Dr. Pratima Kale and Resident Representative Mr. Stephen H. Umemoto spoke. (NLM 11/8) Nov. 14: Vice-Chairman Mr. Byung Yeon Kim of the Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA) called on Minister for Health Vice-Adm. Than Nyunt to discuss assistance to the anti-tuberculosis project. (NLM 11/15) // Nov. 17: He called on Minister for Progress of Border Areas and National Races and Development Affairs Lt-Gen. Maung Thint to discuss a contribution by KOICA of $500,000 for building a new Lashio College building. (NLM 11/18) Nov. 21: Japan, represented by its Ambassador, and Myanmar, represented by Minister for Finance and Revenue Brig-Gen. Win Tin, signed a Memorandum of Understanding under which Japan will provide ¯ 5,000 million (K 285 million), "as debt relief to Myanmar for the repayment of ¯ 5,000 million loan earlier this month. It was Japan's 14th assistance and the previous assistance of ¯ 4,000 million loan was also provided in June 1995. The assistance will be used for purchase of machinery, raw materials and spare parts." (NLM 11/22) Nov. 27: Korea and Myanmar signed a Memorandum of Understanding for a grant of $ 500,000 from the Korean International Cooperation Agency for construction of buildings worth $ 800,000 at Lashio College. (NLM 11/28) FOREIGN VISITORS [Although we rarely note it, foreign visitors calling on Myanmar officials are often accompanied by their Ambassadors. -- HCMacD.] International Agency Visitors Nov. 7: Director Dr. A. Kochi of the World Health Organization, accompanied by Acting WHO Resident Representative Dr. Tomislav Prvulovic, called on Minister for Health Vice-Adm. Than Nyunt to discuss technical assistance for the anti-tuberculosis campaign. (NLM 11/8) Nov. 22: Director of Office of UNHCR (Geneva) Mr. Walter Blatter and Adviser to the High Commissioner Mr. K. Sa Sae, accompanied by liaison officer Ms. Nellie Chan, called on Minister for Immigration and Population Lt-Gen. Maung Hla to discuss "matters dealing with receiving absconders." (NLM 11/23) // Nov. 28: He called on SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt. (NLM 11/29) Cultural Visitors Nov. 3: The Manfred Quartet of France will perform at the National Theatre on Nov. 5. It has won awards at various international classical music competitions. The group will arrive Nov. 4, and will visit the Shwedagon Pagoda and Bago before leaving Nov. 6. (NLM 11/4) // Nov. 4: The Quartet arrived. (NLM 11/5) Medical Visitors Nov. 7: British royal obstetricians and gynaecologists Prof. W. Dunlop and Mr. J. Malvern called on Minister for Health Vice-Adm. Than Nyunt to discuss sending post-graduate students. (NLM 11/8) Nov. 22: French Orthopaedic Surgeon Prof. Alain Patel called on Deputy Minister for Health Col. Than Zin. (NLM 11/23) Nov. 24: Mr. Umenai and party of the Nippon Foundation, accompanied by Deputy UNICEF Representative Mr. T. Sinnshaw, called on Deputy Minister for Health Col. Than Zin to discuss cost-sharing health projects. (NLM 11/25) Business Visitors [May include Governmental delegations with predominantly commercial aims.] Nov. 3: President Mr. Kazunori Fujita of Fujita Corp. of Japan and party called on Chairman of the Myanmar Investment Commission Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Adm. Maung Maung Khin, and on Minister for Trade Lt-Gen. Tun Kyi. (NLM 11/4) Nov. 3: Vice-President and Corporate Planning Director Mr. Yasuo Toda of Japan Air System and party called on Minister for Transport Lt-Gen. Thein Win. (NLM 11/4) Nov. 7: President Dr. Andreas Zurcher and a 14-member delegation from the Swiss South-East Asian Chamber of Commerce, accompanied by Swiss Ambassador Mr. Blaise Godot, called on Chairman of the Myanmar Investment Commission Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Adm. Maung Maung Khin, on Deputy Minister for Trade U Aung Thaung, and on Deputy Prime Minister Lt-Gen. Tin Tun. (NLM 11/8) Nov. 7: A Japanese industrial mission headed by Mr. Sonoda Keiji called on Yangon Mayor U Ko Lay. (NLM 11/8) Nov. 8: Mr. Peter Church and party of the ASEAN Focus Group of Australia called on Chairman of the Myanmar Investment Commission Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Adm. Maung Maung Khin. (NLM 11/9) Nov. 8: A Singapore Trade and Investment Mission led by Mr. Barry Desker called on Yangon Mayor U Ko Lay. (NLM 11/9) Nov. 8: Chairman Mr Bryan Baldwin of the British Chamber of Commerce of Bangkok called on Minister for Energy U Khin Maung Thein. (NLM 11/9) // Nov. 9: He called on Minister for Trade Lt-Gen. Tun Kyi, on SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt, on Deputy Minister for Agriculture Lt-Gen. Myint Aung U Khin Maung Aye, and on Secretary U Kyaw Win of the Yangon City Development Committee. (NLM 11/10) Nov. 9: Mr. W. Peek of SHV Energy NV of the Netherlands called on Chairman of the Myanmar Investment Commission Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Adm. Maung Maung Khin. (NLM 11/10) Nov. 9: Noritsu Koki Co. Ltd. of Japan and Nice Chem International Co. Ltd. of Myanmar sponsored a demonstration of the Noritsu QSS 2211 colour photo-processing machine. (NLM 11/10) Nov. 12: Malaysian Deputy Minister of Land and Cooperative Development Dr. Goh Cheng Teik called on Minister for Trade Lt-Gen. Tun Kyi to discuss purchase of fish and prawns from Myanmar. He was accompanied by Chairman and Managing Director Dato Tan Boon Pin DMPN of Tropical Consolidated Corp. Sdn. Bhd. and others. (NLM 11/13) Nov. 12: Director Counsellor Mr. Tabuchi of Nomura Securities Co. Ltd. and party called on SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt. (NLM 11/13) // Nov. 13: He called on Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Adm. Maung Maung Khin. (NLM 11/14) Nov. 12: Co-Chairman Mr. Michael S. Dobbs-Higginson of Myanmar Strategic Advisory Services Ltd. called on SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt. (NLM 11/13) Nov. 13: Chief Engineer Mr. Lu Rongchang and members of the Panda Electronics Group of China called on SLORC Secretary-2 Lt-Gen. Tin Oo. (NLM 11/14) Nov. 13: Technical Adviser Mr. H. Hirano explained Fuji Colour Super HG-V Film in a seminar sponsored by Fuji Photo Film Co. Ltd. of Japan, Super One International Co. (Myanmar) Ltd., and Yapyay Co. Ltd. (NLM 11/14) Nov. 13: A Fabrimental Economic Mission led by Honorary Ambassador of Belgium J. Hollants van Loocke called on Minister for Industry 1 Lt-Gen. Sein Aung, and on Minister for National Planning and Economic Development Brig-Gen. Abel. (NLM 11/14) // Nov. 14: The delegation called on Minister for Transport Lt-Gen. Thein Win, on Yangon Mayor U Ko Lay, and on Minister for Energy U Khin Maung Thein. (NLM 11/15) Nov. 13: A delegation from All Nippon Airways Co. Ltd. led by Director of International Relations Mr. Katsuhiko Kitabayashi called on Minister for Transport Lt-Gen. Thein Win. (NLM 11/14) Nov. 13: A delegation led by President Mr. Robert Satoru Satake of Satake Corp. of Japan called on Minister for Trade Lt-Gen. Tun Kyi. (NLM 11/14) Nov. 13: A 35-member delegation from the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Japan based in Malaysia, led by Mr. Shinichi Saito, called on Minister for National Planning and Economic Development Brig-Gen. Abel. (NLM 11/14) // Nov. 14: The delegation called on President U Khin Maung Yi and members of the Myanmar Chamber of Commerce and Industry. (NLM 11/15) Nov. 14: A delegation from the Dairy Council of Japan led by Mr. Takchiro Kihara called on Minister for Livestock Breeding & Fisheries Brig-Gen. Maung Maung to discuss cooperation, and upgrading artificial insemination centres and the introduction of embryo transfer technology. (NLM 11/15) Nov. 15: Mr. Hideki Keno and party of Fukken Co. Ltd. of Hiroshima, Japan, called on Yangon Mayor U Ko Lay. (NLM 11/16) Nov. 15: Managing Director Mr. Zenichi Ishikawa of Daiwa Securities Co. Ltd. on Minister for Livestock Breeding & Fisheries Brig-Gen. Maung Maung to discuss a forthcoming tour of Japanese entrepreneurs. (NLM 11/16) // Nov. 17: He called on Minister for Cooperatives U Than Aung. (NLM 11/18) Nov. 15: Director Mr. Suryo Yusuf and party of P.T. Japfa Comfeed of Indonesia called on Minister for Livestock Breeding & Fisheries Brig-Gen. Maung Maung. (NLM 11/ 16) Nov. 15: Regional Managing Director Mr. Kodera of Sony International (Singapore) Ltd. introduced a Sony Product Seminar co-sponsored with TMW Enterprise Ltd. at the Strand Hotel. (NLM 11/16) // Nov. 16: Sony Lifestyle Expo '95 opened, and was addressed by Deputy Minister for Information U Thein Sein. (NLM 11/17) Nov. 17: Deputy Director-General Mr. Zhang Rui Kun and party of the Yunnan Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation Bureau called on Minister for Trade Lt-Gen. Tun Kyi to discuss Yunnan participation in the Myanmar Trade Fair '96. (NLM 11/18) Nov. 17: Managing Director Mr. Kung Chi Kuen of the Myanmar Eagle Group of Companies called on Minister for Trade Lt-Gen. Tun Kyi to discuss establishing a textile factory and cement plant in Myanmar. (NLM 11/18) Nov. 20: Vice President Mr. Teiichi Kuribayashi and party of Japan Air Lines called on Minister for Transport Lt-Gen. Thein Win, on Minister for Hotels and Tourism Lt-Gen. Kyaw Ba, and on SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt. (NLM 11/21) // Nov. 21: He called on Minister for National Planning and Economic Development Brig-Gen. Abel. (NLM 11/22) Nov. 20: Mr. Zenichiro Kaneko and party of Kanagawa International Economic Exchange Promotion Council (KEEP) met with Chairman U Khin Maung Yi of the Myanmar Chamber of Commerce and Industry. (NLM 11/21) Nov. 21: Chairman and Managing Director Mr. Jonathan Choi and party of Sunwa Group of Hong Kong, called on SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt, and on Chairman of the Myanmar Investment Commission Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Adm. Maung Maung Khin. (NLM 11/22) Nov. 21: Chairman Mr. Nobutaka Yamamoto of Sanwa Research Institute of Japan, with a delegation from the Sunsui Co. Group, called on Chairman of the Myanmar Investment Commission Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Adm. Maung Maung Khin, and on Minister for National Planning and Economic Development Brig-Gen. Abel. (NLM 11/22) // Nov. 23: The delegation called on Yangon Mayor U Ko Lay. (NLM 11/24) Nov. 21: Senior Vice-President Mr. Jean-Pierre Eymery of Ciments Francais called on Chairman of the Myanmar Investment Commission Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Adm. Maung Maung Khin. (NLM 11/22) Nov 23: A Sansui-Kai delegation led by Senior Adviser Mr. Toshio Oda of Nissho Iwai Corp. called on Minister for Trade Lt-Gen. Tun Kyi. (NLM 11/24) Nov. 24: President Mr. Jang-Soo Kim and party of Doopung International Co. Ltd. of Korea called on Minister for Trade Lt-Gen. Tun Kyi, and donated US$ 2,000 for construction of a Trade Dhammayon at Kyaikhtiyoe Pagoda. (NLM 11/25) Nov. 24: President of ETS Paul Chambriard and Senator for Haute-Loire Mr. Jean Paul Chambriard called on Minister for Forestry Lt-Gen. Chit Swe. (NLM 11/25) Nov. 24: M. Bruno Sesies of Air Liquide Industrial Services Pte. Ltd., accompanied by the French Ambassador, called on Chairman of the Myanmar Investment Commission Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Adm. Maung Maung Khin. (NLM 11/25) Nov. 27: General Manager Mr. K. Fukushi and party of Mitsui & Co. Ltd. of Japan called on Chairman of the Myanmar Investment Commission Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Adm. Maung Maung Khin. (NLM 11/28) Nov. 27: President Mr. Akira Watari of Nichimen Corporation, and a delegation of 15, arrived and called on Minister for Health Vice-Adm. Than Nyunt. (NLM 11/28) // Nov. 28: He called on Minister for Trade Lt-Gen. Tun Kyi (donating $ 10,000 for leprosy patients), and on SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt, and hosted a dinner attended by Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Adm. Maung Maung Khin and others. (NLM 11/29) // Nov. 29: He departed. (NLM 11/30) Nov. 28: Chief Executive Mr. T.S. Ong of Genting Sanyen (Malaysia) and party called on Minister for Transport Lt-Gen. Thein Win. (NLM 11/29) Nov. 28: Assistant Director Mr. Scott Rosenberg of Booker Group Ltd. of Bangkok and a 13-member Booker Group Business & Investment Networking Mission, discussed investments with various department officials at the Floating Hotel. (NLM 11/29) Nov. 28: President Commissioner Mr. J. Sulaiman Lubis of PT Indoportland of Indonesia and party called on Chairman of the Myanmar Investment Commission Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Adm. Maung Maung Khin. (NLM 11/29) Nov. 29: A 32-member Daiwa Investment Mission led by President Mr. Sadakane Koi of Daiwa Security Co. Ltd. called on Chairman of the Myanmar Investment Commission Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Adm. Maung Maung Khin, and on SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt. Mr. Doi hosted a dinner, attended by Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Adm. Maung Maung Khin, Deputy Prime Minister Lt-Gen. Tin Tun, and various Ministers. (NLM 11/30) Religious Visitors Oct. 31: The Bangladesh Buddhist delegation led by Sangha Raja Sayadaw Bhaddanta Silalankara visited famous pagodas in Mandalay. (NLM 11/1) // Nov. 8: The delegation departed. (NLM 11/9) Nov. 4: A Bangladeshi woman, Miss Ratna, who arrived with her parents and Sayadaw U Pannajota, was initiated as a nun. (NLM 11/5) Nov. 4: A Japanese Buddhist delegation led by Chairman Kokio Oya and Secretary Shokou Kojima of the Asian Buddhist Association of Japan arrived, to visit religious sites and attend the consecration of the Nagayon Maha Bodhi Pagoda in Meiktila. (NLM 11/5) // Nov. 8: The three-monk delegation, led by Rev. Minami Zawa Doujin Roushi of Fukuoka, called on Deputy Minister for Religious Affairs U Aung Khin, prior to returning to Japan via Singapore. (NLM 11/9) Nov. 14: Visiting Padhana Nayaka Buddhist Missionary Sayadaw U Panajota of Pyinnya-pathana Yama Kyaungtaik of Ywadaw Township, Ban-darban District, Bangladesh received the respects of SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt. (NLM 11/15) Nov. 20: 27 Rakhine Buddhist pilgrims of Bangladesh, currently visiting Myanmar at the invitation of Minister for Trade Lt-Gen. Tun Kyi, "helped build the Tooth Relic Pagoda in Mayangon Township this morning." Leader of the Pilgrims, Maung Thaku, presented K 40,000 to Minister for Religious Affairs Lt-Gen. Myo Nyunt. (NLM 11/21) // The pilgrims, who have been in Myanmar since Nov. 10, are led by U Maung Tha Lu. They arrived by Sittway by road through Taknaf, Bangladesh and Maungtaw, Myanmar, and flew on to Yangon. They visited various pagodas in and around Yangon. On Nov. 12 they visited Bago by bus, and went on to Toungoo and Mandalay. On Nov. 14 they visited sites in PyinOoLwin, and spend the night in Mandalay. (NLM 11/22) // Nov. 22: They visited Amarapura on Nov. 15, the Monywa, Mandalay, Bagan-NaungU, and Paungde before returning to Yangon on Nov. 18. They met with Minister Lt-Gen. Tun Kyi and visited sights in Yangon. (NLM 11/23) Media Visitors Nov. 27: Miss Deborah Charles, Mr. Apichart, and Mr. Prapan of Reuters News Agency, Bangkok, called on Election Commission Members Saya Chai, U Kyaw Nyunt, and Secretary U Aye Maung. (NLM 11/28) Vietnam Home Minister Oct. 31: The goodwill delegation led by Vietnamese Minister for Home Affairs Mr. Bui Thien Ngo departed for home. (NLM 11/1) Philippine Foreign Undersecretary Nov. 1: A delegation led by Undersecretary of Foreign Affairs Mr. Rodolfo C. Severino and wife Mrs. Rowena Severino arrived at the invitation of Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs U Nyunt Swe. (NLM 11/ 2) // Nov. 2: The Under-Secretary was received by Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs U Nyunt Swe, who also hosted a dinner. (NLM 11/3) // Nov. 3: He called on SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt. (NLM 11/4) // Nov. 4: The delegation departed. (NLM 11/5) Thai Delegations Nov. 1: A 10-member Thai delegation led by Deputy Minister for Agriculture and Cooperatives Mr. Monthon Kraiwatnussom arrived at the invitation of Minister for Livestock Breeding & Fisheries Brig-Gen. Maung Maung. (NLM 11/2) // Nov. 2: The delegation was received by Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Adm. Maung Maung Khin, and called on Minister for Livestock Breeding & Fisheries Brig-Gen. Maung Maung. (NLM 11/3) Nov. 2: Thai Deputy Commander-in-Chief Gen. Chetta Thanajaro (Royal Thai Army) called on SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt. (NLM 11/3) Nov. 6: A Thai delegation led by Chairman Gen. Siri Thiwaphan of the Advisory Board to the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Thailand, participated in a Kathina at the Naga Hlainggu Kalaywa Tawya Kyaungtaik in Mayangon Township, Yangon. (NLM 11/7) // Nov. 7: General Siri Thiwaphan was received by SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt. (NLM 11/8) // Nov. 8: The delegation called on Minister for Religious Affairs Lt-Gen. Myo Nyunt. (NLM 11/9) Japanese Diplomat Nov. 7: Japanese Permanent Representative to the United Nations Ambassador Hisashi Owada called on Minister for Home Affairs Lt-Gen. Mya Thin, and was received by SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt. (NLM 11/8) Thai Foreign Minister Nov. 9: Thai Foreign Minister Kasem S. Kasemsri will visit Myanmar from Nov. 12-13. (NLM 11/10) Nov. 12: The Minister arrived, accompanied by Gen. Siri Thiwaphan, Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister Police Maj-Gen. Pratarn Savangvarorose, Deputy Permanent Secretary of the Foreign Ministry Mr. Saroj Chavanaviraj, Advisers Mr. Sawasdi Palagawongse Na Ayuthya and Mr. Chupong Karnchanaluk, Director-General of Department of East Asian Affairs Mr. Sonboon Sangiambut, Director-General of Department of Treaties and Legal Affairs Mr. Krit Garnchana, and other officials. Later he was received by SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt. In the evening, Minister for Foreign Affairs U Ohn Gyaw hosted a dinner at the City Golf Resort. (NLM 11/13) Nov. 13: The Minister was received by SLORC Chairman Senior General Than Shwe. He also visited the Shwedagon Pagoda, and called on Minister for Foreign Affairs U Ohn Gyaw and Minister for Trade Lt-Gen. Tun Kyi. He donated computers to the Myanmar Institute of International Strategic Studies (MIISS). In the evening he departed. (NLM 11/14) Japanese Coop Delegation Nov. 14: A study delegation led by Senior Adviser Mr. Midori Matsuhiro of J.A. Zenchu Central Union of Agricultural Cooperatives met with coop officials. (NLM 11/ 15) // Nov. 20: The group reported on findings to Minister for Cooperatives U Than Aung. (NLM 11/21) Vietnamese Deputy Minister Nov. 21: Vietnamese Deputy Minister and Vice Chairman of the Committee for Ethnic Minorities and Mountainous Areas and National Committee for Drug Abuse Control Mr. Phan Thanh Xuan called on Minister for Progress of Border Areas and National Races and Development Affairs Lt-Gen. Maung Thint to discuss cooperation in opium cultivation. (NLM 11/22) Indonesian Defence Minister Nov. 22: Indonesian Minister of Defence and Security Gen. Edi Sidrajat and wife, and party, arrived, and called on Minister at the State Law and Order Restoration Council Chairman's Office Lt-Gen. Min Thein. (NLM 11/23) Nov. 23: He was received by SLORC Chairman Senior General Than Shwe. The delegation toured sights in Yangon, including the Shwedagon Pagoda, the Memorial to Fallen Heroes, the Defence Services Museum, the Myanmar Gems Emporium Hall, and the Naval Training Command Headquarters. In the evening, Minister at the State Law and Order Restoration Council Chairman's Office Lt-Gen. Min Thein hosted a dinner. Meanwhile Madame Edi Sidradjat visited the Shwedagon Pagoda, the Myanma Gems Emporium Hall, the Pyidaungsu Aye Yeik Nyein, and shopped at Bogyoke Market. (NLM 11/24) Nov. 25: The delegation visited Mandalay and PyinOoLwin on Nov. 24. Returning to Yangon, the delegation departed for home. (NLM 11/26) Czech Deputy Foreign Minister Nov. 23: A two-member delegation led by Deputy Foreign Minister Mr. Alexandr Vondra of the Czech Republic arrived via Bangkok. (NLM 11/24) // Nov. 24: He called on Director-General U Kyaw Myint of the Trade Department, and on Minister for Foreign Affairs U Ohn Gyaw; in the evening Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs U Nyunt Swe hosted a dinner. (NLM 11/25) // Nov. 25: The delegation departed for home. (NLM 11/26) MYANMAR DELEGATIONS Study Delegations Nov. 5: Director Daw Khin Htar Yi of the Trade Department left for Thailand to attend the Nov. 6-10 Seminar on Statistics on Trade in Services. (NLM 11/6) Nov. 15: A delegation led by Deputy Minister for Agriculture U Tin Hlaing left for Vietnam to study and cooperate in agricultural activities under the bilateral Agricultural Technical Exchange Programmes. Other members are Director Lt-Col. Thein Win of Irrigation Department, Deputy General Manager U Pye Nyein of Myanmar Agricultural Service, Deputy Director U Tin Maung Soe of Myanma Farms Enterprise, and Deputy General Manager U Aye Kyaw of Myanma Cotton and Sericulture Enterprise. (NLM 11/ 16) // Nov. 24: He returned. In Vietnam he studied "cultivation of paddy, sugar-cane, coffee, rubber and plantation crops, mulberry and sericulture, the National Agriculture Institute, paddy research centres and irrigation net-works." (NLM 11/25) Nov. 19: Staff Officer U Nyunt Tun of the Central Institute of Civil Service and Registrar U Thang Maung Pe of the University for Development of National Races left for Singapore to attend a course on Trainer Manager at the National Productivity Board. (NLM 11/20) Nov. 26: Editors U Naing Way of The New Light of Myanmar and Daw Khin Swe Tint of The Guardian magazine left for a three-week tour of Japan at the invitation of the Foreign Press Centre. (NLM 11/27) Nov. 26: An ll-member delegation led by Deputy Director-General U Aung San of the Information and Public Relations Department left for Singapore to observe the Environment Conservation Programme. Members are Deputy Director U Sein Than of the Government Office, Deputy Director Daw Khin Win of the Human Settlement and Housing Development Department, Assistant Director Dr. Khin Saw Yi of the Health Department, Heads of Division U Toe Lwin and Capt. Min Aung of the Yangon City Development Committee, lecturer U Wan Tin of the Yangon University Zoology Department, Heads of Section Daw Yi Yi Htway, Daw Khin Thida Tin, Daw Kyi Kyi Myint, and Daw Myint Myint of the National Environmental Conservation Commission, and Daw Tin Tin Win of the Government Office. (NLM 11/27) Delegations to Meetings & Events Nov. 4: Deputy Chief Editor U Ye Myint Pe of the Kyemon Daily left for Korea to attend the Nov. 5-11 second Korea-Asia Journalists Symposium. (NLM 11/5) // Nov. 11: He returned. (NLM 11/12) Nov. 8: A five-member delegation led by Minister for National Planning and Economic Development Brig-Gen. Abel left for the Philippines to attend the fifth Ministerial level meeting under the 6-nation Mekong Region Economic Promotion Programme. Other members are Deputy Director-General U Naing Bwa of the Directorate of Hotels and Tourism, Director U Tet Tun Kyaw of the Transport Planning Department, U Myint Soe of the Economic Department of the Foreign Ministry, Vice-Chairman U Thein Tun of the Myanmar Chamber of Commerce and Industry, and the Minister's PSO U Tin Maung Htay. (NLM 11/9) // Nov. 11: The delegation returned. (NLM 11/12) // Nov. 13: ADB Vice President Mr. Bong-Suh Lee told the group there were 77 projects to be implemented, and said the Bank would continue to help. Minister Abel expressed his appreciation of the ADB role. (NLM 11/ 14) Nov. 10: A four-member delegation led by Chairman of the Myanmar UNESCO Commission Minister for Education U Pan Aung left for Paris to attend the 28th General Assembly of UNESCO. Other members are Dr. Khin Maung Win of the Technical, Agricultural and Vocational Education Department, Secretary U Thet Oo Min of the Pyay District Union Solidarity and Development Association, Secretary U Tin Soe of the Thayarwady District USDA, and the Minister's PSO U Maung Maung Htay. Already departed, on Oct. 22, are Director-General Col. Myint Thein Swe of the Department of Cultural Institute, Secretary U Han Tin of the UNESCO National Commission (and Rector of the Institute of Education), and Head of Division Col. Nyein Maung of the Ministry of Education. Alternate delegation leader is Ambassador U Nyunt Tin, Permanent Myanmar Representative to UNESCO. (NLM 11/11) // Nov. 26: The delegation returned. (NLM 11/27) Nov. 12: A delegation led by Minister for Forestry Lt-Gen. Chit Swe left for Indonesia to attend the Ministerial Level Convention on Biological Diversity in Djakarta. He was accompanied by Director-General U Myat Thin of the Planning and Statistics Department, Deputy General Manager U Win Tun of Myanma Timber Enterprise, and Assistant Director U Kin Maung Zaw of the Forestry Department. Deputy Director U Oo Gar of the Forestry Department had left earlier "to attend the higher officials' meeting." (NLM 11/13) // Nov. 21: The delegation returned. (NLM 11/ 22) // Nov. 22: The Convention was attended by representatives of 115 nations, including 38 Ministers and 10 Deputy Ministers. Minister Lt-Gen. Chit Swe called on his Indonesian counterpart Mr. Djamaludin Suryohadikusumo to discuss implementation of the Memorandum of Understanding signed in Yangon in April 1994. With the other representatives, he visited Panggung Terbuka Safari, Bogor Presidential Palace, and Bogor Botanical Garden on Nov. 16. En route home, in Singapore, the Minister studied wood-based industries and attended the opening of the Wood Mac Asia 95, Manufacturing Asia 95, and International Conference on Precision Engineering on Nov. 21. He also met with Senior Minister of State, Ministry of Community Development, Mr. Ch'ng Jit Koon. (NLM 11/23) Nov. 12: A delegation led by Deputy Minister for Health Col. Than Zin left for Vietnam to attend the South-East Asia and Pacific Region Ministerial-level Consultative Meeting on Aims for Child Development by the Year 2000, to be held in Hanoi Nov. 13-16. He was accompanied by Deputy Minister for Education Col. Kyi Maung, Director-General Dr. Hla Myint of the Health Department, Child Survival Project Manager Dr. Ko Ko Gyi of the Health Department, and Assistant Director U Myint Thein of the Basic Education Department. (NLM 11/13) // Nov. 19: The delegation returned. (NLM 11/20) // Nov. 20: The Deputy Minister acted as Vice-Chairman of the conference. (NLM 11/21) Nov. 16: A delegation led by Deputy Minister for Mines U Myint Thein left for New Zealand to attend the Nov. 18-22 Pacific Rim Conference '95 in Auckland. He was accompanied by Deputy Director-General U Danny Sein of the Department of Geological Survey and Mineral Exploration. Experts from 19 nations are attending the conference. (NLM 11/17) Nov. 22: Minister for Finance and Revenue Brig-Gen. Win Tin left for Singapore to attend a Meeting on Investment and Tax of Economic Enterprises in Asia and the Pacific Region on Nov. 23. Other delegation members are Adviser U Sein Lin and Director-General U Than Nyunt of the Internal Revenue Department, who left Nov. 18. (NLM 11/23) // Nov. 26: He returned. (NLM 11/27) // Nov. 27: Finance Ministers from Indonesia, Myanmar, China, India, Vietnam, and the Philippines spoke; Brig-Gen. Win Tin spoke on Investment and Taxation in Myanmar on Nov. 24. He met briefly with Singapore Deputy Prime Minister Brig-Gen. (NS) Lee Hsien Loong. On Nov. 25 he called on Singapore Finance Minister Dr. Richard Hu. He was also interviewed by reporters from the Straits Times and the China Newspaper [sic]. (NLM 11/28) Nov. 22: A delegation led by Prof. Dr. Thein Thein Khine left for Singapore to attend the Nov. 23-26 Ninth ASEAN Anaesthetics Conference. Other members are Dr. Tin Myint and Dr. Htain Win. (NLM 11/23) Nov. 25: A delegation headed by Minister for Construction Maj-Gen. Saw Tun left for Indonesia to attend the Nov. 27-Dec. 1 Ministerial level Meeting on Human Resettlement for Poverty Reduction in Jakarta. It included Director U Win Myint of the Human Settlement and Housing Department and PSO Capt. Nyan Soe. (NLM 11/26) Nov. 28: A delegation led by Director (News) U Hla Tun (Hla Tun-Twantay) of the News and Periodicals Enterprise left for Pakistan to attend the Nov. 30-Dec. 3 International Conference of Writers and Intellectuals in Islamabad. Other members are Vice-Chairman U Hla Myaint (Ko Hsaung) and member Daw Yin Yin (Saw Mon Nyin) of the Myanmar Writers and Journalists Association, Editor U Win Naing of The New Light of Myanmar, and Secretary of delegation Editor U Maung Hlaing (Maung Swe Nge) of the Printing and Publishing Enterprise. (NLM 11/29) Religious Delegations Nov. 13: A delegation led by Deputy Minister for Religious Affairs U Aung Khin left for Nepal to enshrine relics at the Loka Mani‡ula Zedi in Lumbini Park. He was accompanied by Director-General U Arnt Maung of the Department of Religious Affairs, Head of Office U Maung Maung Myint, Historical Adviser to the SLORC Tampawady U Win Maung, and Chief Engineer U Aung Kyaw of Public Works. (NLM 11/14) // Nov. 19: The delegation returned. (NLM 11/20) // Nov. 21: On Nov. 13 the Deputy Minister called on the Prime Minister of Nepal, in Khatmandu. On Nov. 16-17 he attended the enshrinement of relics for the Lawkamanisula Pagoda at Lumbini Park. (NLM 11/22) Foreign Minister to Korea and Japan Oct. 31: Minister for Foreign Affairs U Ohn Gyaw will pay an official goodwill visit to the Republic of Korea from Nov. 1-4. (NLM 11/1) Nov. 3: The Foreign Minister will pay a goodwill visit to Japan "in the near future." (NLM 11/4) Nov. 9: He returned. (NLM 11/10) [See also under Delegations Return, below] Goodwill Delegation to Thailand Nov. 14: A goodwill delegation to Thailand led by Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Adm. Maung Maung Khin departed. In includes Minister for Hotels and Tourism Lt-Gen. Kyaw Ba, Minister for National Planning and Economic Development Brig-Gen. Abel, Deputy Minister for Energy U Tin Tun, Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs U Nyunt Swe, Deputy Minister for Home Affairs Col. Tin Hlaing, Deputy Minister for Construction Col. Aung San, Deputy Minister for Livestock Breeding and Fisheries U Aung Thein, and other officials. It arrived in Bangkok and was welcomed by high officials. (NLM 11/15) Nov. 18: The delegation returned. According to a press release issued at Pattaya by Thai Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Defence Gen. Chavalit Yongchaiyudh [full text in NLM], the following meetings took place: Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Adm. Maung Maung Khin laid wreaths at the royal funeral urn of the Princess Mother, and visited the Stock Exchange, the Tourism and Petroleum Authorities, the Board of Investment, Worldtech '95 as well as the Map Ta Phut and Bangkpakong Industrial Estates. Minister for National Planning and Economic Development Brig-Gen. Abel met with Secretary-General Dr. Sumet Tantivejkul of the National Economic and Social Development Board. Deputy Minister for Energy U Tin Tun visited the Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment. Deputy Minister for Home Affairs Col. Tin Hlaing and Deputy Minister for Construction Col. Aung San met with Deputy Minister Sornchai Montriwat and visited the National Housing Authority. Deputy Minister for Livestock Breeding and Fisheries U Aung Thein met with Deputy Minister Monthon and visited the Charoenpokphan Feed Mill Public Co. Ltd., the Pataya Food Industrial Co. Ltd., and the Eastern Marine Fisheries Development Center and Samaphandhu Shrimp Farm. The two Deputy Prime Ministers met and agreed on the following [text]: "1. The Government of Thailand and the Government of the Union of Myanmar understand each other's foreign policies especially when it concerns security along the common border. There exist no disputes. Both sides will cooperate to solve the problems which naturally occur along the border by informing the local administrators and officials to comply with the policies of our two governments strictly. And as agreed in both the regional border committee (RBC) and the township border committee (TBC) that these committees will meet regularly as authorized by our respective governments. Whatever problems that can be solved at that level should be done as soon as possible so that it will not escalate. With problems that need approval from the government, it should be submitted as quickly as possible for consideration. "2. Both sides want the people who live along the common border to be able to live and trade equitably. Both sides will speed up the process of whatever issues that need to be addressed such as the Thai-Myanmar Friendship Bridge and the three border checkpoints (Maesai-Tachilek, Maesod-Myawaddy, Ranong-Kawthaung). "3. As regards the subject of fisheries, discussions were made in general for future consideration. "4. The Government of Thailand and the Government of the Union of Myanmar will not support any illegal actions which break the laws of the respective countries or international laws. Any problems which occurred in the past regardless of whether intentional or unintentional will be dealt with justly, based on fairness. "5. A meeting between the authorities concerned of the two countries should be held to discuss the issue of border trade with a view to expediting the conclusion of the border trade agreement." The press statement concluded that "If the Myanmar Government wishes to send more delegations to visit Thailand the Thai Government will be happy to receive them and support their needs." (NLM 11/19) Delegations Return [Return of delegations whose departure was noted in early issues, or whose departure NLM did not cover] Nov. 5: Vice-Chairman of the State Law and Order Restoration Council Deputy Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services Commander-in-Chief (Army) Gen. Maung Aye, and members of his delegation, returned from the UNGA 50th Anniversary Special Session in New York. (NLM 11/6) // Nov. 8: During his trip, he also visited Singapore, France, Britain, the United States, and Japan. In France, he met with Chairman M. Jean Francois Poncet of the Senate Economic Affairs Committee. On Oct. 22 he attended the Special Session, and was hosted at lunch by UN Under Secretary-General Mr. Joseph V. Reed; US Senator Claiborne Pell was also present. On Oct. 23, he addressed the UNGA session, and, together with Indonesian President Soeharto and British Prime Minister John Major, attended a luncheon hosted by UN Secretary-General Mr. Boutros Ghali; later he had talks with UN Assistant Secretary-General Alvaro de Soto and Australian Foreign Minister Gareth Evans. In Japan he met with Chairman Mr. Haruna of the Keidanren Myanmar Committee and Deputy Foreign Minister Yasuo Fukuda. [2 pages of photos] (NLM 11/9) // Nov. 9: Minister for Foreign Affairs U Ohn Gyaw returned from the Special Session. He also attended the 11th Non-Aligned Movement Summit in Cartagena, Columbia, Oct. 14-19 (which he addressed on Oct. 18), and visited Korea Nov. 1-4 and Japan Nov. 4-8. (NLM 11/10) Nov. 7: The Myanmar Buddhist Delegation led by Chairman of the State Sangha Maha Nayaka Committee...Sayadaw Bhaddanta Sobhita returned from Korea. (NLM 11/8) MYANMAR GAZETTE Probationary Appointments The SLORC appointed the following, on probation: Nov. 2: U Win, Director, Irrigation Department, to be Director-General, Water Resources Utilization Department, Ministry of Agriculture. (NLM 11/3) Nov. 8: U Myat Thein, Pro-Rector, to be Rector, Institute of Economics (Yangon), Higher Education Department, Ministry of Education. (NLM 11/9) Appointments The SLORC appointed the following: Nov. 2: Col. Thura Maung Ko, Director-General, Water Resources Utilization Department, to be Managing Director, Myanma Farms Enterprise. (NLM 11/3) Appointments Confirmed The SLORC confirmed the following appointments, after one year of probation: Nov. 22: Col. Tun Sein as Director-General, Sports and Physical Education Department, Prime Minister's Office. Daw Khin Swe Soe as Managing Director, Cooperative Export and Import Enterprise, Ministry of Cooperatives. (NLM 11/23) MILITARY Surrenders by Armed Group Members Nov. 8: 11 members of the Loimaw drug trafficking terrorist group returned to the legal fold in Namsang Township on Oct. 29 [names and details]. (NLM 11/9) Nov. 9: Two Rakhine terrorists from the BCP (White Flag), and families, returned to the legal fold at Kyeeganpyin camp on Oct. 29 [names and details]. "according to the two, Rakhine terrorist group of BECP (White Flag) has split up and is dwindling in strength, without contacts between the central and subordinate groups...." Nov. 10: A member of the KNU armed group returned to the legal fold Oct. 25 in Pulaw Tatmadaw camp in South-East Command [name and details]. (NLM 11/11) Nov. 20: A member of the Kayin armed group returned to the legal fold, with his family, at Nateindaung camp in South East Command on Nov. 9 [name and details]. (NLM 11/21) Nov. 21: Between October 1-13, 24 members of various armed groups returned to the legal fold [names and details]. (NLM 11/22) Nov. 22: Between October 14-29 23 members of various armed groups returned to the legal fold [names and details]. (NLM 11/23) Nov. 29: A member of the Kayin armed group returned to the legal fold in Kyaikto Township on Nov. 8. (NLM 11/30) Insurgent Attacks Nov. 17: 30 members of the Kayin armed group entered Naung Daing Village in Hlaingbwe Township, Kayin State, on Nov. 16, and fired on farmers' huts, killing two women and injuring 11. "Due to loss of their dignity in military and political spheres, members of Kayin armed group bully innocent people by collecting extortion money, recruiting members by force, demanding supplies, firing upon villages with the intention of killing or injuring the public and destroying the roads." (NLM 11/ 18) GOVERNMENT Independence Day Oct. 31: Speaking to the 48th Anniversary Independence Day Celebrations Central Committee (1996), Chairman SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt said that "the forthcoming Independence Day in 1996 is linked to the Diamond Jubilee of the National Day in 1995.... Since the National Day is to be celebrated on a grand scale, it would be necessary to celebrate the Independence Day with more profound political essence, as its emergence was closely related to that of the National Day." (NLM 11/1) Titles and Medals Nov. 10: SLORC Chairman Senior General Than Shwe attended ceremonies to present titles and medals of commendation. He personally presented the major titles and medals conferred by the State between 1991 and 1995. State/Division LORC Chairmen then presented medals of honour conferred from 1991-95. Numerous high officials attended. Sen-Gen. Than Shwe presented Tagun Titles (10) to Gen. Maung Aye (BC 7875); Lt-Gen. Kyaw Ba (BC 7924); Lt-Gen. Maung Thint (BC 7600); Lt-Gen. Mying Aung (BC 6917); Lt-Gen. Mya Thin (BC 6605); Lt-Gen. Tun Kyi (BC 7864); Lt-Gen Aye Thoung (BC 7034); Lt-Gen. Myo Nyunt (BC 7557); and Lt-Gen. Maung Hla (BC 8199); (plus 1 in absentia). He presented Pyidaungsu Zarni Titles (16) to Lt-Gen. Zaw Min (BC 7126); Maj-Gen. Soe Myint (BC 8642); Brig-Gen. Myo Thant (BC 6484); Brig-Gen. Maung Maung (Air 1264); Vice-Adm. Than Nyunt (Navy 3110); Lt-Gen. Thein Win (Air 1193); Brig-Gen. Lun Maung (BC 10133); Lt-Gen. Min Thein (BC 8188); Maj-Gen. Kyaw Than (BC 8458); Maj-Gen. Win Myint (BC 8809); Maj-Gen. Tin Hla (BC 8752); Maj-Gen. Saw Lwin (BC 8677); Maj-Gen. Ket Sein (BC 9698); Maj-Gen. Hla Myint Swe (BC 10289); and Brig-Gen. Hla Shwe (BC 8168). He presented Zarni Titles (10) to Maj-Gen. Saw Tun (BC 9706); Brig-Gen. Maung Kyi (BC 10196); Brig-Gen. Tin Ngwe (BC 10535); Brig-Gen. Thein Tun (BC 8803); Col. Myo Swe (BC 7351); and Brig-Gen. Tha Htay (BC 8485) (plus four in absentia). He then presented Thiha Thura Titles (3); Thura Titles (31); Ye Thiha Titles (18); Ye Thura Titles (19); and Ye Bala Titles (28) [names of recipients; many posthumous and given to next of kin]. He then presented medals for Excellence in the Agricultural, Industrial, Administrative, and Social Fields to the various State/ Division LORC Chairmen for onwards distribution: Kachin (Maj-Gen. Saw Lwin): 0-1-10-4. Kayah (Brig-Gen. Maung Kyi): 0-4-3-0. Kayin (Col. Saw Khin Soe): 0-0-2-1. Chin (Lt-Col. Thein Lwin): 0-0-1-1. Sagaing (Maj-Gen. Hla Myint Swe): 0-0-6-3. Taninthayi (Col. Myint Oo): 0-0-0-8. Bago (Brig-Gen. Kyi Aung): 1-7-9-3. Magway (Col. Maung Par): 0-11-10-2. Mandalay (Brig-Gen. Ye Myint): 1-2-11-19. Mon (Maj-Gen. Ket Sein): 0-1-7-2. Yangon (Brig-Gen. Khin Maung Than): 5-55-242-238. Shan (Brig-Gen. Tin Htut): 0-1-9-10. Ayeyawady (Brig-Gen. Nyunt Tin): 0-0-19-3 [numerous photos] (NLM 11/11) National Day Jubilee Nov. 11: The National Day Diamond Jubilee Festival opened at the Myoma Sports Grounds. Newly repaired streets in Yangon were inaugurated to mark the occasion. (NLM 11/12) [There were numerous news reports of competitions, entertainment, exhibitions, talks, etc., relating to the Jubilee.] Nov. 16: SLORC Chairman Senior General Than Shwe issued the following message on the occasion of the 75th Anniversary National Day [full text]: To the people of all the national races, Today is the 75th Anniversary or the Diamond Jubilee of the National Day. It was 75 years ago in 1920 when patriotic people of the nation launched the anti-colonialist movement in response to the promulgation of the Rangoon University Act by the then colonialist rulers of Myanmar. The nationalist movement developed into anti-colonialist struggles for national independence and our nation eventually managed to regain sovereignty in 1948. That anti-colonialist movement launched in 1920 or 35 years after the entire nation fell into servitude was the most politically gallant struggle. Prior to that period too, national races, who opposed enslavement, waged anti-colonialist battles in different regions; the British colonialists, who invaded and occupied the nation, admitted in their historical documents that they had encountered a multitude of problems. All the patriotic people young and old stood united in rejecting the Rangoon University Act promulgated in 1920 since it not only discouraged Myanmar people's pursuit of education but also prevented them from doing so, and it was an oppressive act intended to prolong the servitude of our people. It is not unusual that the alien colonialist rulers did not entertain goodwill towards progress and intellectual development of Myanmar peoples. To educate the nationals and effect their academic performance and intellectual development are the vital contributing factors for prosperity and progress of the nationals and development of the nation. In Myanmar, each and every national should be educated and, at the same time, fully equipped with the fine and noble qualities such as adherence to law, loyalty to the State and citizens with consciousness, preserving national culture and honouring national prestige and integrity. All the nationals are urged to play an enthusiastic and active role in whatever sectors they are engaged for the success of the four political objectives, four economic objectives and four social objectives laid down and being implemented by the State Law and Order Restoration Council in its march toward building of a modern, developed, peaceful and new democratic nation. At the time of the Diamond Jubilee of the National Day, the people of all the national races are duty bound to safeguard national solidarity, stability, peace and tranquillity and the rule of law they are now enjoying, and see that these become more complete and consolidated. We, the mass of the people, are to contain, stop, eliminate and prevent all hindrances, instigations, schemes and incitements to destabilize the peaceful situation. At the same time, it is necessary for each and every citizen to strive, with firm resolve, for the implementation of the three objectives of the Diamond Jubilee of National Day. They are: -- uplift of nationalist fervour, -- uplift of national unity, and -- consolidation and strengthening of independence and sovereignty. Now is the time to march, hands joined, with steadfastness and in earnest, to an all-round developed and modern new nation to reach there in no time after putting to most efficient use of rich natural and economic resources taking advantage of stability, peace and tranquillity which prevails in the country today. At the same time, the people of all the national races are to extend welcome and support for the success of the National Convention at which delegates of all strata are holding discussions for the emergence of a new State Constitution which is essential for Myanmar. The National Convention, in accordance with the six objectives set down for it, is striving to ensure the on-going process of functions at different stages smoothly and successfully. A new State Constitution will emerge only after a successful convening of the Convention. And only after the emergence of a new State Constitution a modern and developed new nation can be established in accordance with the new State Constitution. As such, it has become amply obvious that the success of the National Convention is a prime factor. Hence, the people of all the national races are urged on this 75th Anniversary National Day of special significance to strive with perseverance and diligence and in unity for -- -- national peace, -- success of political, economic and social objectives of the State, -- success of the National Convention, and -- the establishment of peaceful, prosperous, developed and modern nation which is within our reach. (NLM 11/16) Nov. 16: 16,000 people attended the 75th Anniversary National Day Ceremony in Yangon's People's Square. It was addressed by Minister at the State Law and Order Restoration Council Chairman's Office Brig- Gen. Myo Thant, and by various students. Three patriotic motions were unanimously approved: "uplift of national fervour", "uplift of national unity and consolidation", and "consolidation and strengthening of independence and sovereignty." In Mandalay, 23,000 people attended the ceremonies. (NLM 11/17) Armed Forces Day Nov. 29: Chairman of the Leading Committee for Observance of the 51st Anniversary Armed Forces Day Lt-Gen. Tin Oo spoke. "The country at present is marching on the correct path toward building a new peaceful, modern and developed nation in accord with the 12 objectives, he said. Those who rely on alien forces and do not wish to see Myanmar prosper are resorting to disturbances and levelling false accusations to belittle the country, he said. Whatever disturbances there may be, the Tatmadaw will never represent a single person or a party or an organization but will represent the entire nationals, he declared. He also declared that the Tatmadaw will resolutely take action against and annihilate those who mar or disturb the interest of the entire nation." (NLM 11/30) ECONOMIC Economic Articles Nov. 5: Natmauk Dam stands to bear testimony, by Tekkatho Tin Kha. [To the SLORC programme.] Nov. 9: Yangon, the Garden City, by Soe Naung. [Survey of road and park projects in Yangon.] Nov. 13: Roads and bridges built for development of border areas, by Sein Shwe Hlaing. [Description of some road and bridge projects.] Project Inaugurations Nov. 16: SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt on Nov. 15 inaugurated the Mongla Hotel, Shwepyi Bridge and Road in Mongla and Kengtung. (NLM 11/17) Nov. 24: SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt inaugurated the Zarmani Inn Reservoir in Thanlyin Township, which will irrigate 1,000 acres and provide water to Thilawa Port and Industrial Zone. (NLM 11/25) Nov. 27: The Myittashin Mingala Reception Hall of the Myanmar Maternal and Child Welfare Association was inaugurated by MMCWA Vice-Chairman Dr. Khin Win Shwe. (NLM 11/28) Business Openings [This is a new category, to include reported significant openings of domestic private business ventures, outlets, etc. -- formerly included under Project Inaugurations.] Nov. 1: Ruby Ranges International Co. Ltd. opened its Power Servicing at the corner of Manawhari Road and U Wisara Road; it will provide car washing, oiling, engine cleaning, and filter changing. Engine oils, decorative items, tyres, metal wheels, and auto parts are available. (NLM 11/2) Nov. 12: The New Myanmar Seafood Restaurant, serving Singapore style seafood, opened at 519 A Pyay Road. Managing Director Mr. Terence Tan and Director U Tin Swe of Myanmar Sinindo International Co. Ltd. were present. [see also under Advertisements] (NLM 11/13) Nov. 12: The Leo Express Yangon-Mandalay bus line was launched. Fare is K 1,000 per head (or US$ 10 for foreigners). The bus can carry 45 passengers. (NLM 11/13) Nov. 16: The Myanmar Recording Studio at 15 Shwedagon Pagoda Road was inaugurated by SLORC Secretary-2 Lt-Gen. Tin Oo. It was established with an investment of K 2 million from the Social Welfare Society Fund of the Ministry of Trade, supervised by musicians Bogalay Tint Aung and Gita Lulin U Ko Ko, and will distribute records of [Myanmar] traditional and folk music, classical songs, and country songs. (NLM 11/17) Nov. 20: SLORC Secretary-2 Lt-Gen. Tin Oo visited the Professional Eye Care Centre operated by American Vision, and talked with Managing Director U Andrew Chan. "The American Vision, organized with youths and professionals, opens shops and the Eye Care Centre at the Myanmar Department Store and Shwebontha Yeyeiktha. It uses modern equipment for treating eye ailments." (NLM 11/21) Nov. 13: The Myanma Investment and Commercial Bank opened a new Head Office at 170/176 Merchant Street, on the corner of Bo Aung Kyaw Street, Yangon. (NLM 11/ 14) [Note: We do not normally record the opening of new branches by Myanmar-owned banks -- HCMacD.] Nov. 28: The New Andaman Club Resort Hotel had its "soft opening" on Thahtaykyun Island near Kawthoung. The 205-room hotel cost US$ 40 million, and was built by Mr. Vikron Asari of the VES Group. Minister for Hotels and Tourism Lt-Gen. Kyaw Ba presided. (NLM 11/28) Nov. 29: The 82-room Central Hotel, jointly built by Myanmar Economic Holdings Ltd., represented by Chairman Brig-Gen. Than Oo, and Myanmar Macau International Ltd., represented by its Managing Director, opened on Bogyoke Aung San Street. Minister for Hotels and Tourism Lt-Gen. Kyaw Ba noted that there are now 159 hotels and motels, with a capacity of 3,937 rooms. (NLM 11/30) Advertisements =========================================== ANNOUNCEMENT Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) in the name of "FOREST RESOURCE ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENT & CONSERVATION ASSOCIATION" (FREDA) is already established with the well known and highly experienced professional foresters, environment engineers, botanists, ecologists, wildlife biologists, specialists from wood-based industries and artists in the Union of Myanmar. It is FREDA's pleasure to serve, participate or cooperate with your Company/Firm/ Organization/Foundation/Institution etc. to the fullest capacity for furtherance of Forest related and Environmental Resources and Human Sector Development. All interested persons are invited to join, participate or co-ordinate with FREDA and any assistance, donation, contribution (in cash or kind) are highly appreciated. FREDA 24, Yawmingyi Street, Yangon (NLM 11/11) =========================================== Nov. 12: Full page of advertisements hailing the opening of the New Myanmar Seafood Restaurant (Singapore Style) in Kamayut Township, Yangon. (NLM 11/12) =========================================== Nov. 13: Half-page advertisement for COMPAQ Computers new Pro-Liant 4500. (NLM 11/13) Nov. 22: Half-page advertisement for COMPAQ's ProLinea Computer. (NLM 11/23) Nov. 29: Half-page advertisement for COMPAQ's ProSignia 300 and ProLiant 4500 servers. (NLM 11/29) =========================================== Nov. 18: Half-page advertisement of the opening of Zizawah Garden, near Parami Road and Thanthumar Road Junction, sponsored by the Department of Human Settlement and Housing Development, May Flower Trading Co. Ltd., and Chin-Su Myanmar Co. Ltd. (NLM 11/18) // Nov. 18: An article states that "under the project, 47 western-style houses with a swimming pool and park will be constructed." (NLM 11/19) =========================================== Nov. 28: Half-page advertisement for the official opening of the APM Music Centre, 22 Yadana St., Myenigone, Sanchaung Township, Yangon, selling Yamaha musical and Hi-Fi products. (NLM 11/28) Foreign Investment Projects Nov. 1: An agreement was signed between Myanma Airways, represented by Managing Director Thura U Win Myint, and Krong Sombat Co. Ltd. of Thailand, represented by Managing Director Mr. Sombat Kronglit, to form a Joint Venture called Yangon Airways, which will fly on Myanmar internal routes, using two 50-seat Fokker F-50 aircraft. It will fly Yangon-Bagan-Mandalay-Heho-Yangon and reverse twice a week; Yangon-Myeik-Yangon once a week; Yangon-Kawthoung-Myeik-Kawthoung-Yangon twice a week; Yangon-Kawthoung-Yangon once a week; Yangon-Tachilek-Mandalay and reverse three times a week; Mandalay-Myitkyina-Putao-Myitkyina-Mandalay four times a week; Mandalay-Kalay-Mandalay twice a week; and Mandalay-Hkamti-Mandalay twice a week. SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt attended the signing, Minister for Transport Lt-Gen. Thein Win spoke, and a dinner was held to celebrate. (NLM 11/2) Nov. 9: A Memorandum of Understanding was signed between Myanma Hotels and Tourism Services, represented by Managing Director U Soe Thein, and Sakura Tower Investment Holding Pte. Ltd. of Japan, represented by President Mr. Hitoshi Tani, for the upgrading of the Bagan Thiripyitsaya Hotel to a 200-room four-star status within 10 months. The company will invest $22 for the 30-year lease project, and also build a new 152 room four-star hotel. (NLM 11/10) Nov. 17: A contract for renovation of the National Theatre was signed between Director-General U Tin Htoo of the Fine Arts Department and Chinese Commercial Counsellor Mr. Chen Shijie on behalf of National Machinery Import and Export Corporation of China. (NLM 11/18) Business Courses Oct. 31: Seminar on Business Education No. 44 will be held Nov. 1, with Managing Director U Hla Min and Deputy General Manager U Aung Myint of Inland Water Transport speaking on Freight Transportation by Inland Water Transport. (NLM 11/1) // Nov. 1: The lectures were given. (NLM 11/2) Nov. 1: Seminar on Business Education No. 45 will be held on Nov. 15, with Director U Myat Kyaw of the Central Bank of Myanmar speaking on Functions of the Central Bank of Myanmar. (NLM 11/2) // Nov. 19: It will be held Nov. 22, and U Myat Kyaw will speak on The Role of the Central Bank in the Financial Reforms after 1988. (NLM 11/20) // Nov. 22: It was held. (NLM 11/23) Nov. 3: Minister for Trade Lt-Gen. Tun Kyi addressed the concluding session of Course No. 1/95 and the opening of Course No. 2/95 for Purchase Depot Supervisors. 50 trainees attended each course. (NLM 11/ 4) Cheap Fish Nov. 18: Editorial: To consumers' delight. ["To the delight of the Yangon residents, especially those in the low-income bracket, large quantities of fish are arriving Yangon regularly. One viss of fish now costs as low as K 15 for certain species, are been {sic} thanks to close supervision of the Committee for Boosting Marine Production.... {SLORC Secretary-2 Lt-Gen. Tin Oo recently said} at present trawlers are netting bigger catches of fish and prawns at sea under the arrangement of the committee, stressing the need to distribute the catch to consumers at reasonable prices.... In the light of daily arrivals of over 100,000 viss of fish and prawns, the items are now available wholesale or retail at the Central Fish Market, Nyaungdan Jetty, Pazundaung Township, and at Ahlon Cold Storage. Arrangements are also under way to transport the products to States and Divisions in cold storage vans.... With every care taken to minimize loss and wastage, the abundance of marine supplies will benefit many sectors and a large number of entrepreneurs and consumers in the long run. This will in turn contribute toward bringing down the price of food and other commodities."] (NLM 11/18) [Earlier in the month, there were a number of articles referring in general terms to boosting fish supplies, and to supplying fish at reasonable prices in government retail outlets for military and civil service families. There were also meetings of various government groups apparently intended to stabilize commodity prices, as by improving transport. -- HCMacD.] Banking Nov. 17: A Representative Office of the Banque Francaise de Commerce Exterieur (BFCE) of France opened at 42 Pyidaungsu Yeiktha Road, addressed by Minister for Finance and Revenue Brig-Gen. Win Tin and by BFCE Senior Executive Vice-President and Head of International Division Mr. Erit Lescar. (NLM 11/18) Nov. 18: The Arab Bangladesh Bank opened a branch office at 9 Gandama Street, Yankin Township, addressed by Minister for Finance and Revenue Brig-Gen. Win Tin and by Bank Governor Mr. M. Morshed Khan. (NLM 11/19) Nov. 29: A Representative Office of the Societe Generale Bank of France opened with a ceremony at the Strand Hotel. Minister for Finance and Revenue Brig-Gen. Win Tin noted that this was the third French bank to operate in Myanmar, among a total of 22 foreign banks. At the moment, only licenses for Representative Offices were issued, but in the near future, "licenses will be issued to open joint venture banks between local private banks and foreign banks." Total foreign investment in Myanmar is now US$ 3 billion in which France stands third with 15%. (NLM 11/30) Nov. 29: A Representative Office of the ING Bank of the Netherlands opened. At present such licenses have been issued to 30 banks from Thailand (6), Singapore (5), France (4), Malaysia (3), Indonesia (2), Bangladesh (2), Japan (2), Cambodia (1), Hong Kong (1), Britain (1), Netherlands (1), Canada (1), and Brunei (1). (NLM 11/30) Agriculture Nov. 19: 20,000 tons of fertilizer imported by the Ministry of Agriculture arrived on the MV Severn. 51,700 tons arrived last month. Out of 170,000 tons purchased by the Ministry this year, 71,700 tons has arrived. (NLM 11/20) Nov. 20 [full text]: Reminder for development of agriculture-based industries. * The State Law and Order Restoration Council formed the Myanmar Industrial Development Committee under Notification No. 37/95 dated 18 July 1995 since all-round development of a nation depends on the establishment of industries. * The Myanma Industrial Development Committee has laid down the following tasks and has been undertaking them: (a) development of agriculture-based industries, (b) ensuring quantitative and qualitative improvement of industrial goods, (c) manufacturing new types of machinery and equipment, (d) manufacturing machinery and equipment for industries, (e) manufacturing machinery and equipment for national defence, (f) creating favourable conditions to change over to an industrial nation. * Myanma Industrial Development Committee, after consulting with the technicians, has been taking measures in all aspects to realize the six objectives above. * The Myanma Industrial Development Work Committee and eleven subcommittees have been formed and 13 industrial zones established up to now. The entire public is urged to make concerted efforts for the establishment of a modern and developed nation. * The Myanma Industrial Development Committee and Myanma Industrial Development Work Committee may be contacted through the following address. Ministry of Industry-2 No. 56, Kaba Aye Pagoda Road, Yankin Township, Yangon Phones: Vice Chairman 60721 Secretary 67993, 62863 Myanma Industrial Development Committee (NLM 11/21) Nov. 26: The annual Horticultural Show of the Myanmar Agricultural Service opened at Myaypadetha in Bahan Township, and was addressed by SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt. It will last until Dec. 9. (NLM 11/27) // Nov. 27: It was visited by both SLORC Chairman Senior General Than Shwe and Daw Kyaing Kyaing. (NLM 11/28) Petroleum Exploration Nov. 19: Minister for Energy U Khin Maung Thein inspected the seismic survey at offshore block No. M-9, visiting the Survey Ship MV Geco Echo, owned by Arco Petroleum Co. of the US. He was welcomed by Captain Mr. Frank Scharffetter and survey team leader Mr. Nigel Bowman. Returning to Dawei [formerly Tavoy], he visited General Manager Mr. H. Madeo of Total Myanmar Exploration and Production Co. (NLM 11/20) [There are periodic newspaper notices warning trawlers and fishing boats to stay clear of certain areas while explosives are being used to prospect for petroleum; we do not normally report them.-- HCMacD.] Rainfall in Yangon Rainfall, in inches, at Yangon's three weather stations of Yangon Airport (YA), Kaba-Aye (KA), and Central Yangon (CY) was: YA KA CY 1987 97.01 100.98 95.43 1988 99.17 100.00 107.76 1989 96.22 100.59 102.76 1990 118.35 109.92 122.84 1991 91.81 83.78 96.65 1992 81.34 96.02 95.98 1993 82.64 111.18 95.12 1994 120.16 120.94 117.36 1995 -- as of: Nov. 1: 101.38 99.06 96.30 Nov. 15: 104.65 100.32 97.84 Nov. 30: 104.84 100.47 98.27 HEALTH Iodine Deficiency Nov. 10: Minister for Health Vice-Adm. Than Nyunt told a meeting of the Central Committee for Prevention of Iodine Deficiency that sustained prevention efforts must be made as a "national cause." He discussed production of iodinated salt, and the use of billboards and a videoplay (Bawatasint Sartapwint) to encourage use of iodized salt. (NLM 11/11) SPORTS Sports Articles Nov. 25-26: Myanmar traditional boxing gaining international fame, by Kyaw Soe Myint. [(1) Myanmar participation in the Thai Traditional Boxing Tournament in Duisberg, Germany, in May 1995, at which the Myanmar team also demonstrated Myanmar traditional boxing. (2) Match between Shwe Duwun and World Kick Boxing Champion Ren Muller; Muller won by a fraction of a point, leaving Shwe Duwun "a super star."] Myanmar Teams and Officials Nov. 1: A study group from the Myanmar Hockey Federation comprising Federation executives U Kyaw Naing and U Tin Soe Win, left for Malaysia to study hockey techniques, and meet with the President of the South-East Asian Hockey Federation. (NLM 11/2) // Nov. 13: The study group returned. On Nov. 5 they met President of the Asian Hockey Federation Sultan Azlan Al-Mu Hibuddinshah in Kuala Lumpur, who promised assistance. (NLM 11/14) Nov. 2: Myanmar won gold in the 300-metre and 500-metre 22-oar events at Invitational Traditional Boat Race in Guangdong Province, China, on Nov. 1-2. 12 teams from 9 countries participated. The team will return Nov. 6. (NLM 11/3) // Nov. 6: The team returned. (NLM 11/7) Nov. 5: President Daw Mi Mi Khin and Coach U Win Zin Oo of the Myanmar Traditional Sports Federation left for Thailand to attend a special meeting of the World Boxing Council in Chiang Mai from Nov. 6-9. (NLM 11/6) Nov. 7: Myanmar won three silver and two bronze medals in the First South-East Asian Wushu Championship Tourney in Hanoi, Vietnam. Khon Soe won silver in the Nanquan event and bronze in Sanshou. Aung Min Thein won silver in Tai Ji Quan, and Kyaing Swe won silver in Sanshou. Zaw Zaw Moe, Min Khiang, and Zaw Win Naing won bronze in Sanshou events. Teams from Vietnam, Myanmar, Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and Indonesia participated in the Nov. 2-5 tourney. The Myanmar team returned Nov. 6. (NLM 11/8) Nov. 9: The Lashio Golf Club Team, representing Myanmar, won the gold medal at the 1995 Johnny Walker International Club Championship on Cheju Island, Republic of Korea, on Nov. 5-6. The team was led by Golf Federation official U Ko Ko Aye. 13 nations participated: Myanmar, Korea, Singapore, Thailand, Taiwan, China, Indonesia, Guam, Nepal, Philippines, Japan, Malaysia, and India. (NLM 11/10) Foreign Teams, Coaches, etc. Oct. 31: American professional golfer Mr. Paul Harney demonstrated international golf techniques at the National Golf Course in Thuwunna. (NLM 11/1) Nov. 5: A one-week Olympic Solidarity Swimming Coaching Course co-sponsored by the International Olympic Committee, the Myanmar Olympic Committee, FINA, and the Myanmar Swimming Federation opened with 25 trainees. Speakers included Swimming Coaching Coordinator Mr. Buddy Portier of the Victorian Institute of Sport of Australia. (NLM 11/6) // Nov. 11: The course ended. (NLM 11/12) Holes-in-One Nov. 17: U Sein Hoe scored an ace Nov. 15 on the 150 yard 12th hole of the YCDC City Golf Resort. (NLM 11/18) [Note: until a year or so ago, reports of Holes-in-one included the brand of golf club and golf ball used; now these facts are evidently no longer considered of interest. -- HCMacD.] XVIII SEA Games Nov. 28: Chairman of the National Health Committee SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt met with the 482 athletes who will participate in the XVIII South East Asian Games. In last year's games, Myanmar sent 244 participants in 16 out of 29 events. This year it will compete in 21 of the 29 events. 10 nations, this year including Cambodia, will compete for 334 gold, 334 silver, and 421 bronze medals. (NLM 11/29) CULTURAL Cultural and Scientific Articles Nov. 5: The Fruits of Virtue, by U Khin Maung Mya (BA,BL). [Significance of Tazaungmon light and Kathina-robe-offering festival.] Nov. 5: Thamanya Phala discourse to secure peace of mind, by Thein Htut. [Lord Buddha's discourse which is celebrated on Tazaungmon Day.] Nov. 15: Early cold season art galleries, by Sein Myo Myint. [Brief review of paintings exhibited at several recent shows.] Nov. 18: Re-introducing Monastic Education Schools in the Union of Myanmar, by Ba Sein (Religious Affairs). [As of now, 1,536 Monastic Education Schools have been established, attended by 75,220 students (boys and girls), including young novices and nuns.] Nov. 22: The Festivals of Nattaw, by Dr. Khin Maung Nyunt. [Background to the festivals of this period.] Yangon University Diamond Jubilee [Numerous articles concerning meetings of old students and other activities in honor of the Jubilee were published through the month, some of them addressed by SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt, who is Patron of the Jubilee Celebrating Leading Committee.] Nov. 15: A Conference on Myanmar and South-East Asian Studies on 'Traditions in Current Perspectives' opened at Yangon University, as part of the Jubilee. The Nov. 15-17 Conference, sponsored by the Universities' Historical Research Centre, was addressed by SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt, who reviewed governmental efforts to promote the national heritage. (NLM 11/16) Motion Pictures Diamond Jubilee [Articles concerning the ongoing Festival continued during the early part of November.] Nov. 5: The Festival and Exhibition, which began Oct. 17, concluded. Prizes were distributed by Minister for Cooperatives U Than Aung. (NLM 11/6) Religion [There were regular small articles on donations, and voluntary labour, for the Tooth Relic Pagodas under construction in Yangon and Mandalay.] Oct. 31: Accepting K 7.5 million in donations for the Fund Raising Committee for Missionary Work Abroad, Minister for Trade Lt-Gen. Tun Kyi discussed his recent visit to Bangladesh. He said there were about 40 Myanmar villages with 150,000 ethnic Myanmars, and about 400 Myanmar monasteries. He encountered Rakhine and Myanmar people who were Buddhists when he visited the Panwa area, Chittagong. (NLM 11/1) Nov. 15: Course No. 5 for Theravada Buddhist Missionary Monks, attended for 15 days by 53 monks, concluded with a presentation of certificates. (NLM 11/16) Nov. 18: SLORC Secretary-2 Lt-Gen. Tin Oo addressed Yangon Youth Course No. 23 of the Archdiocesan Catholic Youth Apostolate (Yangon), and called on Catholic youths to adhere to the Lord's teachings and be patriotic. (NLM 11/19) Publications Nov. 4: The November issue of Arhkar magazine, featuring articles and stories on sports, appeared, with a cover photo of "actress Myo Thanda Tun posing as a cyclist." Issued monthly by the Sports and Physical Education Department; price K 25 per copy. (NLM 11/5) Nov. 17: The Myanmar Chronicle Online Group of Shwe Minn Tha Enterprises Co. Ltd. has published Panorama Tourism Magazine, beginning this month. Free copies are being distributed. (NLM 11/18) Nov. 18: The Botany Department of Yangon University issued Vol. I, No. 1 of the Botany Journal, intended for Basic Education High School students. [photo; shows cover identified as Vol. 9, No. 1, January 1996] (NLM 11/19) Computers [There were numerous articles concerning the installation of computers in schools, computer education courses, donations of computers, etc., etc., frequently attended by Chairman of the Myanmar Education Committee SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt.] Nov. 21: A short term computer course for faculty members of the Yangon Institute of Technology opened, with 65 participants. It "focuses on disseminating knowledge on fortran-77 programming system, which can be applied in engineering work." (NLM 11/ 22) Literary Awards Nov. 9: The 1994 National Literary Awards were announced: Novel: Ma Sanda for Bawa Eikmat Pann Eikmat. Short story collection: Saung Win Lat for Barkoywaymale Ywagalayye Hnint Achar Wuthtutomyar. Poetry collection: Zaw Min Min Oo for Taymya Khunset Kabyarmyar. Belles-lettres: Sagaing Hla Shwe for Maha Gita. Myanma culture and arts: Thanlyin Mya Oo for Pantra Gita Lanhnyun. Child literature: Tekkatho Maung Aung Swe for Myanmar Kalay Theikpan Wuthtu. Translation (aesthetics): Ye Mya Lwin for Botkyan. General knowledge (arts): Sai San Eik for Sin Wundan Letswe. General knowledge (science): Dr. Tin Tun Oo for Arlone Kyanmar Pyaythaya. General knowledge (applied science); Aung Kyaw Phyo for Achaykhan Saikpyo Mwaymyuway Chanlokngan Siman Khanthkwehmu Pyinnyar. No prizes were awarded in the Drama, Youth Literature, Translation (general knowledge), and Politics categories. Prizes will be awarded on Nov. 22 at the Nawadei Cinema. (NLM 11/10) Nov. 9: The 1994 Sarpay Beikman Manuscript Awards were announced (not all prizes awarded): Novel: (1) Soe Nyunt (Taunggyi) for Baydarpanye Yaysanlan; (3) Tharawaw Soe Kyi for Sitpweko Mone-de. Short story collection: (2) Kanbalu Khin Maung Swe for Tawlar Wut-htutomyar; (3) Maung Myay Ni (Tamardaw) for Ywa Apyan Wut-htutomyar. Belles-lettres: (1) Dr. Kyaw Sein for Zaw Dikar; (2) Tin Myint for Anyar Tayoega Saya Pho Ei Bawa Saya Pho Ei Sar. Translation: (1) Ko Kyi (PyinOoLwin) for Pwedway Hmatnyan Htetmyat Neemyar. Children's literature: (1) Than Aung (Anyar Myay) for Pannlo Hmway Pannlopan; (2) Maung Tha Hmwe for Monmyatthaw Hnalonthar. Youth literature: (2) Hmawwun Kyi Myat for Thiha Nanda Myosetthit. Myanma culture and arts: (2) Pantra Aye Lwin (Sinbyukhun) for Kyapinn Saya PHee Ei Zatchinsarpay Ahtwayhtway. General knowledge (arts): (1) U Aung Thant for Thangyee Tamangyee Thankyinn Tamankhinn; (2) Aung Soe (Veterinary Science) for Myanma Kywe Myanma Nwar; (3) Saw Kyu Maung (Yaw Myay) for Taungthar Thomahoke Yaymyayko Aungnaingthu. General knowledge (science): (1) Shwechan Thet Paing for Myanma Yoeyar Gananthinchar Sharphway Phawhtokchin; (2) Dr. Maung Thin for Kaba Sabar Saikpyohmu Asa Myanma Hmathi Yanaysitho; (3) Maung Maung Tun (MBBS) for Yawgamyo Thesaungthi Pohmwar Kagwe Hneinninyay Lokngan. Poetry collection: (1) Kan Tun Thit for Dratshi Einmat Hnint Achar Kabyarmyar; (2) Tin Maung Aye (Pakokku) for Ei Yadana Ei Kabyar; (3) Aye Kyi Sein for Moesetpwint Hninwuthmone Hnint Shwe-oh Ywatwar Nnint Achar Kabyar. Prizes will be presented, along with the National Literary Awards [see above] at the Nawadei Cinema on Nov. 22. Manuscripts for 1995 will be accepted up to Dec. 31, 1995. (NLM 11/10) Nov. 22: The National Literary Awards and Sarpay Beikman Manuscript Awards for 1994 were presented at the Nawada Cinema. SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt attended, and awards were presented by Minister for Information Maj-Gen. Aye Kyaw and Deputy Minister for Information U Thein Sein. The Minister addressed the gathering. (NLM 11/23) Book Fair Nov. 21: Minister for Information Maj-Gen. Aye Kyaw opened the Book Fair at the Dagon Myoma Grounds, marking this year's Sarsodaw Day. "Books old and new are being sold at special discounts. Books on sale include English-Myanmar and Myanmar-English dictionaries, those on religion, social, economy, agriculture and foreign languages, those for children, medicine, general knowledge, fiction and non-fiction. National Literary Award winning works are also available. Most books are sold at 20 per cent discount. Among the book stalls are those of Thuta Swezon; the British Council; Stationery, Printing and Photographic Stores Trading; Innwa; Religious Affairs Department; Thitsa Mandaing; Tin Htwe Yin; Arman Thit; Today; Tetlan; Parami; Nay Wun; Wa Moe Aung; Sarpay Lawka; News and Periodicals Enterprise; UN Information Centre; Business Pocket Guide; Sarpay Hinlayohgyi; Thadin Kaung; Thalun; Hinthada; Aryonthit; Myawady Literature House; Yangon University GEC; Shwe Gangaw; Education Research Bureau GEC; and Tin Shwe. (NLM 11/22) Nov. 27: The Fair concluded. (NLM 11/28) Movie Union Nov. 24: The Myanmar Motion Picture Asiayone formed a new Executive Committee: Chairman: U Sein Tin Vice-chairmen: U Kyaw Pe and U Myint Naing Secretary: U Zaw Line Members: twenty. (NLM 11/25) MISCELLANEOUS Sunday and Holiday Supplements Nov. 5,12,26: Text of "Our Three Main National Causes. List of Special Projects (6 bridges and 12 dams). Further List of Special Projects (11). For texts see January issue. Nov. 5,12,26: Towards a modern nation through all-round development, by Warazein. [Cont. Restoration of law and order accomplishments of the Ministry of Immigration and Population. The Ministry issues National Registration Cards and Citizen Security Cards, and also Identity Cards to Monks and Nuns, and keeps track of departures and arrivals, etc. A few examples: From Sept. 19, 1993-Mar. 31, 1994, 37,658 renewed annual Foreigner Registration Cards. 1,269 Myanmar and 463 foreigners were arrested as illegal immigrants. 12 men and 2 ladies who had emigrated and acquired foreign citizenship were permitted to resume Myanmar citizenship. Under the Myanma Citizenship Law of 1982, 175,471 Myanma Citizen Scrutiny Cards (Naing 3/3 (ka) type) were issued to those over 18, and 1,792,163 (Naing 6 (ka) type) "to the persons of the same age", up to Mar. 30, 1994. Sangha Membership cards were issued in 1991-Mar. 1994) to 363,645 novices, 408,939 monks, and 21,620 nuns. [Endeavours of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (i) General survey of foreign affairs, including founding in 1992 of the Foreign Affairs Policy Committee, headed by SLORC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen. Khin Nyunt, and Myanmar accession to the Non-Proliferation Treaty (1992), and four 1949 Geneva Conventions on War; signature of the World Summit for Children Declaration of 1989; and the 1988 Convention Against Illicit Trafficking in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances. Regional cooperation with other SE Asian States on anti-narcotics measures. [(ii) Cooperation with UN Human Rights Organizations, rejoining of Non-Aligned Movement, good-will visits, Thai joint commission, border affairs, Andaman Sea Tripoint demarcation; Lumbini Park buildings in Nepal; donations of rice to Philippines and Indonesia.] Nov. 5,12: Township development activities in Myanmar, by Ahtet Minhla Nyunt Aung. (Cont. (3): Continued list of development committee activities, followed by a long-term work programme with 8 goals. (4) Fiscal guidelines on development listed.] Nov. 5: From Thamada beach to Botathaung jetty, by Thura Nyunt. [A cooperative ferry boat operation described.] -- A visit to Sinkyawt region, by Sei Tha Hlaing (Lein Maw Myay). [Progress in Shan State (North) Special Region 3.] -- Paddy after paddy in monsoon, by Tin Win Shwe (Shwe Pangon). [Paddy harvesting in Shwebo District.] -- Andaman Club Resort Hotel (Tha-htay-kyun island), by Victor Kyaw Nyein. [Description of almost completed new resort hotel near Kawthoung. It has 200 rooms renting for US$ 125-165 a night, and suites from US$ 250-435. Hotel cost US$ 30 million, and is a joint venture between the VEST Company and the Ministry of Hotels and Tourism. It has 400 employees, of whom 120 are foreigners. An 800-room residential building for employees is under construction. Employees are taught Myanmar and Thai.] Nov. 12: Industrial development is not far-off, by Myint Thura. [Production of agricultural machinery.] -- Combating scourge of narcotic drugs, by Kyi Win Nyunt. [Survey.] -- Ahtet Minhla-Yangon busline inaugurated, by Win Nyunt Aung. [New busline linking a town in Magway Division with the capital.] -- Transport sector vital for regional development, by Shwe Htay. [New transport services in Magway Division.] -- For the development of youths, by Khin Aye Aye Han (Myawady TV). [Documentary about the Kamaswai Parahita Youth Development School in Kyauktan Township.] Nov. 16 [National Day]: Knowledge of authentic historic facts may generate patriotism, by Minye Kaungbon. [Foreigners distorted Myanmar history. "The aberrant and false views of the so-called historians Phayre, Cox, Harvey and Hall containing in their books are quite unbearable for a citizen of Myanmar Naing-Ngan.... Since ancient times, there had been monk and lay scholars...{who} had put in detail about our Nation's history on record. There are still some researchers who take pleasure in reading the records and accounts of Marco Polo, Tolemy {sic}, Arab and Portuguese sailors instead of studying reliable palm-leaf manuscripts, parchments, stone inscriptions and records of significant events compiled by Myanmar scholars in connection with Myanmar history." British exploitation of Myanmar after 1945.] -- National Cause and National Day, by Kyi Win Nyunt. [Student strike of 1920, commemorated by National Day.] -- Revitalizing national spirit, by Maung Dawna. [Let us strengthen national spirit, patriotism, and unity.] -- National Day Diamond Jubilee Exhibition, by Ko Ko Oo. [Exhibition intended to promote the Jubilee objectives.] -- [Page of historic photographs] -- Diamonds... are forever, by Dr. Tin Maung Aung. [1920 events recalled.] -- Rekindling the spirit of nationalism, by Ko Soe. [Role of National Day.] Nov. 26: Victory of all-round capacity raising of District MEPE, by Ahtet Minhla Nyunt Aung. [Power station in Hinthada district inaugurated on Sept. 18.] -- Rearing striped prawns on commercial scale, by Maung Loktha. [Description of process.] -- Pleasant and beautiful Bagan, by Kayan Soe Myint. [Renovation of the Okkyaungdaw of Ashin Arahan.] -- Fruitful result through parents, teachers and public co-operation, by Wakema Kyaw Sein. [Donation of computer to Wakema High School.] -- Kyaikpi developing into a beautiful town, by Mawgyun Myint Aung. [Improvements in Ayeyawady Division town.] Crime Nov. 1: Three men were condemned to 10 years in prison with hard labour for cutting off the tusks of Kyai Ni, a 42-old elephant owned by Myanmar Timber Enterprise. The tusks were cut off on May 5, 1991, and the Military Court of the Pyay Township Zone handed down the judgment on May 22, 1992. [No explanation for why this case is only reported in 1995!] (NLM 11/2) Anti-Narcotics Activities Nov. 2: Yangon East District Court No. 1 on Oct. 30 sentenced two six persons to terms of 30 years, and four to terms of 20 years, for "abetting foreigners in their attempts to smuggle heroin out of the country." The investigation began when David Foday of Sierra Leone was found dead in the Grand Hotel on Bo Aung Kyaw Road, Botataung Township, Yangon, from heroin he had ingested in order to smuggle it out of the country. 2.3 kilos were seized. It was learned that the Myanmars had made contacts with Nigerian drug traffickers in Bangkok, where the son of the one of them was serving a life sentence for smuggling heroin. (NLM 11/3) Nov. 2: Volume 10, No. 3, of Athuyar Journal appeared, with 63 pages "featuring an editorial, articles, poems, short stories and cartoons on the danger of narcotic drug abuse." It is issued by the Information and Public Relations Department, to inform the public of "the danger of narcotic drugs." (NLM 11/3) Nov. 8: 1.1 kilos of raw opium was seized Oct. 29 in Mogaung. (NLM 11/9) Nov. 14: 0.01 kilo of heroin was seized Oct. 31 in Nawnghkio. Nine men arrested July 22-23 in Monywa were convicted of drug trafficking: 2 were sentenced Oct. 24 to 12 years, and 7 to 15 years with hard labour. A house, two vehicles, and other property were confiscated. (NLM 11/15) Nov. 15: Four drug dealers were seized Oct. 27 in Latha Township, along with 144 grams of heroin. (NLM 11/16) Nov. 16: During October 1995, the Tatmadaw seized 83.3 kilos of opium and 81.1 litres of Phensedyl. The Police seized 18.9 kilos of opium (32 cases), 13.8 kilos of heroin (115 cases), 54.9 kilos of marijuana (51 cases), 187.0 litres of Phensedyl (14 cases), 0.005 kilo of baked opium, 0.6 kilo of opium powders (5 cases), 0.02 kilo of opium residue (2 cases), 173 vials of morphine injection (1 case), and 0.06 kilo of heavy opium solution (2 cases). There were 101 cases of failure to register for treatment. The police took action against 484 persons in 331 drug related cases. The police and Tatmadaw together (included also in police statistics??) seized 11.1 kilos of heroin (10 cases), 7.4 kilos of opium (4 cases), and 108.1 litres of Phensedyl (4 cases). (NLM 11/17) Nov. 17: 18.3 kilos of raw opium were seized Nov. 7 in Kutkai Township. (NLM 11/ 18) Nov. 18: The Myitkyina anti-drug squad and others on Nov. 11 seized 16 TNT slabs weighing 31 viss, as well as detonators, in Mogaung. Heroin blocks weighing 2.1 kilos were seized Nov. 9 in Kyukok (Pangsai). (NLM 11/19) Nov. 21: 1,840 bottles of Phensedyl were seized Nov. 10 in Haka. (NLM 11/22) Nov. 28: A young drug abuser (aged 19) was found unconscious Sept. 21 at the Yangon Railway Station, with a syringe and 0.00003 kilo of heroin, and was sent to hospital for treatment. He is being prosecuted. (NLM 11/29) Obituaries [English language obituaries only; there are obituaries in Burmese as well.] Aug. 22: Mrs. Antonio Theresa (a) Daw Kalaima was interred. [Christian] [Acknowledgment] (NLM 11/8) Oct. 29: U Chit Sein (Kyaukdaga), Retired Commissioner of Sagaing Division, Life President, Yangon YMCA, etc., husband of Daw Khin Si, died in Yangon, aged 74. (NLM 11/1) Nov. 2: U Han Sein (Sonny), Retd. Myanma Railways, husband of Daw Margaret Mya Yin, died in Yangon, aged 62. [Catholic] (NLM 11/3) Nov. 3: U Htun Hlaing (De Souza), Trade Corp. No. 11 (Retd), husband of Daw May Win Hlaing (Mary) (UNICEF), died in Yangon, aged 81. (NLM 11/4) Nov. 4: U Kyaw Sein, Assistant Director of ME 1, Kadoekawnhut, husband of Daw Swe Swe Tin...father of U Maung Maung Yoe Sein (USA)-Dr. Sandar...died in Nottingham, UK, aged 61. (NLM 11/5) Nov. 7: WO-1 Tun Tin (Pyin Oo Lwin), Air/463 (Retd), husband of Daw Khin Mya Hmi (Cushing Mya Hmi), died in Yangon, aged 72. (NLM 11/8) Nov. 16: Patron Sayadaw of Pyinsa Nikaya Sasana Beikman Kyaungtaik in Yankin Township Tipitakadhara Dhamma Bandhagatika Agga Maha Pandita Bhaddanta Kosalla, vassa 49, died, aged 69. [article] (NLM 11/17) // [Numerous articles reported preparations for and conduct of his crematorial rites.] Nov. 19: U R. Lian Za Thang (a) Rocky, General Manager, Myanma Timber Enterprise, husband of Daw P. Thet Kyi, father of Dr. Moh Moh (USA),...Ma Mu Mu (USA), Maung Soe Naing (USA)..., aged 57. [Christian] (NLM 11/20) Nov. 19: Brig-Gen. Sithu Tin Pe (Rtd), Lay-ein-su Village (Khayan village-tract), husband of Daw Thein Saing, died in Yangon, aged 82. (NLM 11/21) Nov. 21: Daw Hla Kyi (Namtu), died at North Broward Medical Centre, Florida, USA, aged 78. (NLM 11/22) Nov. 21: Mrs. Nora Kinsman died in Perth, Australia, aged 75 [most of obituary in Burmese]. (NLM 11/24) Nov. 22: U Than Hla, BCS(1), Ambassador (Retired), Dawei, husband of Daw Hla Myint, died in Yangon, aged 82. (NLM 11/23) Nov. 23: U Thwin, Namtu, Northern Shan State (Retired Inspector of Police, husband of the late Daw Khin Chit, died in Namtu, aged 93. (NLM 11/24) Nov. 25: Rev. Brother Victor Zeya (S.D.B.) Anisakan (Nazareth), died aged 71. [Christian] (NLM 11/27) Nov. 28: Vice-Chairman of the State Sangha Maha Nayaka Committee Salin Sayadaw Agga Maha Pandita Bhaddanta Kitti of Maha Withutayama Kyaungtaik, Salin, Magway Division, vassa 64, died in Yangon, aged 84. [article] (NLM 11/29) Nov. 28: Major (U Mahn) S. Howard (Retired), husband of the late Daw Saw Nyunt, died in Yangon, aged 92. [Baptist] (NLM 11/ 29) Fires Nov. 1: during September 1995 there 33 cases of fire in Myanmar, causing damage of K 3.3 million, destroying 10 houses, and making 10 persons homeless. Of these, 27 (84%) were due to negligence, 3 to electrical short circuits, and 2 to arson. (NLM 11/ 2) Floods Nov. 3: "Torrential rains on 21 September unleashed flash floods in Kawlin and Wuntho Townships in Sagaing Division. A United Nations Disaster Management Team (UNDMT) comprising representatives of UNICEF, FAO and UNDP visited the flooded area and conducted primary needs assessment surveys with the objective of providing immediate humanitarian assistance to the affected population. In a cost sharing contribution to the relief efforts, the Government of the United States of America donated US$ 10,000. Charg‚ d'Affaires ai of the US Embassy Ms. Marilyn A. Meyers presented a cheque for the amount to" Acting UNDP Resident Representative Douglas W. Gardner. "The donation will be used to procure cooking utensils and other items of immediate need for the victims of the flood." (NLM 11/4) Nov. 9: Japan donated relief goods valued at ¯ 15 million ($ 150,000) for flood victims of Wuntho and Kawlin Townships in Sagaing Division. (NLM 11/10) Nov. 9: Australia donated US$ 37,000, through UNDP, for flood victims of Kawlin and Wuntho Townships. (NLM 11/10) Nov. 9: Korea donated plywood worth US$ 15,000 for the flood victims. (NLM 11/10) Nov. 13: Visiting Thai Foreign Minister Kasem S. Kasemsri donated K 255,028 and $ 17,318 for the flood victims. (NLM 11/14) Nov. 13: The Ambassador and Staff of the Chinese Embassy donated US$ 10,000 for the flood victims. (NLM 11/14) Nov. 21: The British Government donated US$ 30,000, through UNDP, for the flood victims. (NLM 11/22) Wild Elephants Nov. 19: Wild elephants from the Bago Yoma have destroyed farms and homes in the east of Taikkyi Township; they were driven back to the Bago Yoma on Nov. 16-18 by a team from the Ministry of Forestry, aided by the local populace and six tamed elephants. (NLM 11/20) Earthquakes Nov. 19: An earthquake of slight intensity (2.0 Richter) was recorded at 12:24:05 local time, with epicenter 26 miles N of Yangon. (NLM 11/20) Nov. 27: An earthquake of slight intensity (3.6 Richter) was recorded at 09:26:07 local time, with epicenter 31 miles SE of Yangon. (NLM 11/28) ----- SUBSCRIPTIONS & RENEWALS ATT: Burma Press Summary Center for East Asian & Pacific Studies University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 230 International Studies Building 910 South Fifth Street Champaign, IL 61820 Tel: (217) 333-7273. Fax: (217) 244-5729 Annual Subscriptions: Individuals - US$50.00 Libraries & other Institutions - US$60.00 Add Postal surcharge for air delivery to: Canada - US$18.00 Europe - US$37.00 Asia - US$47.00 [additional charge for US$ check drawn on a foreign bank - $5.00] NOTE: Checks should be payable to: University of Illinois, with "Burma Press Summary" annotated on check. Correspondence concerning subscriptions, missing issues, etc., should be sent to the Center for East Asian and Pacific Studies in Champaign, Illinois EDITORIAL CORRESPONDENCE Editorial correspondence, and requests for full texts of articles, should be sent to: Hugh C. MacDougall Glimmerglass Cottage 8 Lake Street Cooperstown, NY 13326-1016 Burma Press Summary No. 105, Nov. 1995