91-01 BURMA PRESS SUMMARY (from THE WORKING PEOPLE'S DAILY) Vol. V, No. 1, January 1991 +-+-+-+-+ Table of Contents ANNOUNCEMENT TO READERS 1 POLITICAL CRISIS Slogans 2 Cartoons 2 Political Books 4 Political Articles (Excerpts) 4 Historical Exhibition 8 NLD Statement 8 Speeches by Gen. Than Shwe 9 Press Conference 10 ELECTIONS Election Tribunals 17 DIPLOMATIC Diplomatic Calls 18 New Singapore Ambassador 18 INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION Workshops and Courses 18 Foreign Donations 18 UNESCO Awards to Myanmars 19 FOREIGN VISITORS International Organizations 19 Israeli Chamber of Commerce 19 British Fisheries Expert 19 Soviet Delegations 19 Yunnan Delegations 20 Japanese Delegations 20 Business Delegations 20 Chinese State Council Chief 20 Adventist Relief Organization 20 MYANMAR DELEGATIONS Study Delegations 20 MYANMAR GAZETTE Probationary Appointments 21 Appointments Confirmed 21 Transfers 21 GOVERNMENT Tourism Regulations Issued 21 Gen. Saw Maung's Jan. 4 Message 21 Independence Day Congratulations 23 Independence Day Awards 23 MILITARY Thai Trawler Destroyed 24 Insurgent Attacks 24 Khin Nyunt meets with KIA 24 Mon Headquarters Captured 25 ECONOMIC Economic Articles 25 Construction Projects 25 Joint Ventures 27 Trade Ministry Registrations 27 Exports 27 28th Myanma Gems Emporium 28 Gold Coins on Sale; New Stamp. 28 Private Sector Activities 28 Census Planned 29 Yangon: Repairs; Water Rates. 29 Boat Construction 29 Tourist Charter Visit 29 New Satellite Townships 29 Ground Satellite Stations 30 Rainfall in Yangon 30 HEALTH Annual Medical Conference 30 AIDS Training Course 30 SPORTS Traditional Sports Events 30 Foreign Sports Teams 30 CULTURAL Literary Articles 30 Historical & Cultural Articles 31 SLORC Religious Activities 31 Photographs Donated 31 Buddhism to be Taught in Schools 31 Religious Exams 31 Medical Institutes Reopen 31 Examinations Set 32 Supplication by Sayadaw 32 MISCELLANEOUS Crime News 33 Obituaries 34 Car Accidents 34 Fires in November 34 Narcotics: 1990 Stats; Other. 34 Engagements & Marriages 36 Earthquakes 36 +-+-+-+-+ Issue for Jan. 14 not yet received. +-+-+-+-+ ANNOUNCEMENT TO READERS I am pleased to announce that, beginning with this issue, The Burma Press Summary will be published and distributed by The Center for East Asian & Pacific Studies, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. I will continue to compile it. Subscription and other correspondence should be addressed as noted at the end of this issue. I want to express my especial thanks to Prof. F.K. Lehman of the University of Illinois, President of the Burma Studies Group, for making this development possible. Hugh C. MacDougall +-+-+-+-+ POLITICAL CRISIS Slogans Four political slogans launched in November 1988 issue appeared in almost every issue of The Working People's Daily throughout the month: These read: -- Only when there is security and efficiency in transportation would there be convenience in travel, commerce and earning of livelihood. The Tatmadaw is carrying out this duty and all nationalities of the Union are urged to give all co-operation and assistance in this great task. -- Only when the people are able to enjoy convenient and easy livelihood would they be physically and mentally at peace. The Tatmadaw is carrying out this duty and all nationalities of the Union are urged to give all co-operation and assistance in this great task. -- Only when the rule of law and order and peace and tranquillity prevail, would the lives, homes and property of the people be safe and secure; only then would they be able to earn their livelihood in peace and freedom. The Tatmadaw is carrying out this duty and all nationalities of the Union are urged to give all co-operation and assistance in this great task. -- The Tatmadaw has been sacrificing much of its blood and sweat to prevent disintegration of the Union. All nationalities of the Union are urged to give all co-operation and assistance in this great task. Since January 1990, the Working People's Daily has also carried the following slogan on the first page: Noble Desire Although the State Law and Order Restoration Council has had to take over, due to unavoidable circumstances, the sovereign power of the State to prevent the Union from disintegration and for ensuring the safety and security of the lives, homes and property of the people, it wishes to retransfer State power to the people, in whom it was initially vested, through democratic means within the shortest time possible. Therefore, the entire people are urged to give all their co-operation to ensure the rule of law and for prevalence of peace and tranquillity. The Tatmadaw --- Since April 1989 the The Working People's Daily has run a political slogan across the bottom of each front page: Jan. 1-8: * All the citizens of Myanmar Naing-Ngan must be loyal to Myanmar Naing-Ngan. They must abide by the laws of Myanmar Naing-Ngan. * Citizens of any nation resident in Myanmar Naing-Ngan must respect and abide by the law of Myanmar Naing-Ngan. Jan. 9-12: The rule of law has originally been in existence and it is the bounden duty of every citizen to abide by it. Action will be taken only against those who do not abide by it. Jan. 13,15: Only correct news, facts and true wishes of the people presented. Valuable news photos and educative articles on various subjects are also included. Jan. 16-20: The essence of justice and freedom is to abide by the law. Jan. 21-31: Road-building and bridge-construction; collective endeavour of all national races. --- Since Jan. 3, 1991, most issues have also run the following slogan: The interests of the State cannot be served and promoted by disturbances and instability. Join hands with the Tatmadaw in preventing disturbances and acts of instability. Cartoons [There continued to be several political cartoons in each issue, generally denouncing foreign broadcasts and embassies, those who listen to foreign broadcasts, and political parties in general.] E.g.: Jan. 5: 1st Myanmar: "The BBC and VOA said that U Sein Win `Prime Minister in the jungle' is a brother of ...." 2nd Myanmar: "Yes....now do I remember....The uncle attempts a duel. The sister organizes confrontation...and The brother is a prime minister in the jungle. 3rd Myanmar: That's what we call....It takes three to create chaos....ha ha ha ha ..." Jan. 6: 1st Myanmar: "Friend... What is DAB?" 2nd Myanmar: "It's absent minded of you...DAB stands for DEVILISH ALIEN BUREAU. The group that defected to another country and is carrying out devilish wicket activities. `The group which is wicked and loyal to foreign domination and which joins the band wagon'. ha..ha ..ha..ha..." Jan. 7: 1st Myanmar to 2nd Myanmar: "What are you so worried about? ... Oh, yes. I see. It is the Iraq matter to be discussed in Geneva. It does not concern us. Sorry, sorry." Jan. 7: "World famous monkey show" KNU Nga Mya (in military uniform, with a monkey-tail, dancing to music from VOA and BBC) covered with little monkeys labeled as "ABSDF", "Sein Win of parallel govt", "insurgents", "Tha-Ka-Tha", and "DAB": "Our grandfather told us that we were descendents of the Caucasians. Our race eats raw fish and raw meat. We have killed many people. Let's dance according to the tune of BBC and VOA." The group looking forward to the arrival of the monkey: "Oh, Ye! Big monkey. Eat citrus. 1st Myanmar: "Let them manage their own play." 2nd Myanmar: "Of course. It's really loathsome." Jan. 9: 1st Myanmar: "It is said that the parallel government would come on the 4th. What has happened?" 2nd Myanmar: "The prime minister of the parallel government is suffering from malaria. Are you looking forward to seeing him? Rest assured that he won't be around." Jan. 9: Rich Myanmar couple: "Oh, how high commodity prices are!" Ordinary Myanmar: "It is you who talk about `Democracy.' The present economic system of Myanmar Naing-Ngan is `Market Economy.'" Jan. 10: Rich Myanmar couple: "What's this market economy that you mentioned?" Ordinary Myanmar: "Aunty, a market economy is one in which State, Co-operative, Joint Ventures and private enterprises participate. It allows free competition in trade." Jan. 10: Rich Myanmar: "Oh, my! It is said that fresh water prawn is now 400 kyats per viss." Poor Myanmar: "Don't grumble. Those who can afford it can have it. As for us, we can't even dream of it." Jan. 11: 1st Myanmar: "Did the Hluttaw representative from your constituency go into the jungle to search for democracy?" 2nd Myanmar: It seems he didn't read Myet Khinn Thit magazine. It's written there. One can get democracy if one knows how." 3rd Myanmar: "Bah! Like having revered it thinking it was a pagoda, and realizing it was only a mound only when the iguana came out of it...Useless fellows...Votes from our hearts all gone...to nought..." Jan. 15: 1st Myanmar: "You know what that woman [Daw Aung San Suu Kyi--HCMacD] said when she was in Myitkyina on 27.4.89.... She said our town was interested only in business." 2nd Myanmar: "Ha! Of course, business is essential for food and rice--Huh! The way she said it means a straight road to hunger!" Jan. 16: 1st Myanmar: "As I said yesterday, they neglect the economy and take a keen interest in politics, so..." 2nd Myanmar: "Yes, they are deeply engaged in politics and they go hungry; then they put the blame on the Government; they are confronted with the masses and the Government has to suppress them. This is an opportunity for the politicians to exploit. How naive you are." Jan. 18: 1st Myanmar: "It is said that former Kachin leaders from KIA 4th brigade area will join hands with the SLORC to carry out regional development activities." 2nd Myanmar: "Right, absolutely. It's not with the KIO. I wonder what BBC and VOA will say about it." Jan. 18: 1st Myanmar radio listener: "Who is Than Than Nu from the AIR?" 2nd Myanmar: "Oh! Don't you know her? She's the own [sic] daughter of the one-time premier....expatriate and now premier of the parallel government. Her husband in Aung Nyein... He came to live here for a month when the SLORC came into power. Don't you remember?" Jan. 19: 1st Myanmar: "There have been a lot of reports recently about representatives-elect engaging in court actions against each other." 2nd Myanmar: "Well, that's what democracy is all about, you know...." Jan. 24: KNU General [Bo Mya] to ABSDF soldiers: "You all are the best among the Class I and Class II pupils under me. In fact you may even be called Class III pupils as you have become expert in kidnap and ransom, and also in demolition and destruction. All you need to do now is to work hard for getting democracy." Jan. 25: Woman [Daw Aung San Suu Kyi-HCMacD] spitting across compound fence: "Whatever rules you have on your own...whatever laws there may be...I'll say what I wish to say and do what I wish to do----so there!" Myanmar observer: "We can't underestimate her simply because she's a shrew of a woman---for all we know, she might even get a prize for being most shrewish!" Jan. 26: Myanmar woman in market: "Oh, my! A small bunch of roselle leaves costs one kyat! Oh God! Oh God!" Myanmar market seller: "Don't be so astonished. There's a war going on in the Gulf. That's why commodity prices are rising!" Myanmar bystander: "What has the Gulf War got to do with the price of roselle leaves in Myanmar?" Jan. 27: Rowboat in a sea full of floating mines, with youths labeled "ABSDF" rowing in opposite directions; in boat is a skull, on which "Bo Mya" lolls, smoking a cigar and waving a branch with a vulture on it. Bo Mya: "Row hard towards the goal of democracy, my followers." Jan. 30: Vulture labeled BBC-VOA: "Kachin insurgents demanding autonomy ambused a train in northern Myanmar...." Tatmadawman: "Oh, Mr BBC and Mr VOA. You seem to be pleased with their committing murders saying that they are doing so in the name of democracy. Tut...tut...tut..." Jan. 31: 1st Myanmar: "Foreign media do not give coverage of our destructions of opium. Foreign correspondents, DEA officials and UN representatives were present on the occasions where opium and opium refineries were destroyed... Even then ...?" 2nd Myanmar: "Oh, no, they won't. It must be because an organization bigger than DEA is in control." Political Books [Official political books and collections continue to be advertised regularly. Unless otherwise indicated, they are available from the Sarpay Beikman bookstore, the News and Periodicals Enterprise head office at 173/175 Pansondan St., Yangon, and other outlets. These were featured this month:] A Concise History of Myanmar and the Tatmadaw's Role, 1948-1988. Vol. I. (in English). "First serialized in daily newspaper and now being printed in book form." Skyful of Lies: BBC, VOA, AIR, Their Broadcasts and REbuttals to Disinformation (in Burmese). Press Conferences. Book 6. Political Articles (Excerpts) Following the pattern begun in October 1988, each issue contains lengthy feature articles, translated from Burmese, designed to bolster government views and policies. We note them briefly, with excerpts of particularly significant portions, but can provide copies if needed: Jan. 1,25-27: A Concise History of Myanmar and the Tatmadaw's Role (1948-1988), by A Tatmadaw Researcher. [Cont. documentary study, with numerous facsimiles: (102-104) Karen insurgency in 1948-50. (105) BCP, PVO, Chinese insurgents in 1950.] Jan. 1: Naymyo Thiha Thura Bo Aung Kyaw amidst the anti-imperialist struggles, by Maung Myanmar. [Article 12: Cont. Story of student striker killed in 11938.] Jan.1: Haughtiness? An Impropriety?, by Aung Min. [On Jan. 4, 1989, "only those ambassadors with a consistently pure heart attended" the Independence Day celebrations. According to the Far Eastern Economic Review Year Book, "`Significantly, the Ambassadors of Japan, the US, Britain, Italy, France and West Germany flew out of Yangon on 2 January to avoid attending the military-organized Independence Day Celebrations on 4 January. The Ambassador of India had left a few days earlier for the same reason.'... I am presenting this matter of 1989... only because I did not see the faces of certain ambassadors at the traditional gala regatta for the [SLORC] Chairman's Bowl on 27th December 1990 although all ambassadors had been cordially and courteously invited to attend."] Jan. 2: Naked aggression must stop, by Myint Myat Thu. [Impeachment {sic} was excuse for US aggression against Noriega in Panama; will impeachment of Khun Sa be "an excuse to invade Myanmar Naing-Ngan too?" "Aggression must be stopped `NOW' ...."] Jan. 2: Narcotic drug abuse control work of Myanmar Naing-Ngan & the participation of the national races of north-eastern area, by A Journalist. [November visit of State LORC Secretary (1) Maj-Gen. Khin Nyunt to Kokang area, destruction of drugs and opium refineries, construction and social welfare projects.] Jan. 2-3: Union of Myanmar which cordially deals with the nations of the world, by Seinkalaung. [National day congratulatory messages, and countries that have sent them, in the past.] Jan. 2-3: Myanmar Patriot and Hero Wuntha Sawbwa U Aung Myat, one of the leaders of the anti-imperialist struggle, by Tekkatho Maung Tha Hlaing. [Article 13: Resistance hero in 1880's.] Jan. 2: Sternest possible punishment. {Editorial-full text}: ["Sternest possible punishment is to be meted out against Party for National Democracy Chairman Paukkhaung Township Hluttaw representative U Sein Win and his associates for high treason. They are plotting against the State and planning to form a parallel government and an underground provisional government at Manepalaw, one of KNU insurgents' camps. Those who have links with the absconders, who help them and also those who receive them ought to be also meted out the sternest possible punishment. "Chapter V of the Penal Code prescribes in detail the action to be taken against abettors. "A person abets the doing of a thing, who instigates any person to do that thing; or engages with one or more other person or persons in any conspiracy for the doing of that thing, if an act or illegal omission takes place in prusuance of that conspiracy and in order to the doing of that thing; or intentially aids, by any act or illegal omission, the doing of that thing. "It means that a person who, by wilful misrepresentation, or by wilful concealment of a material fact which he is bound to disclose, voluntarily causes or procures, or attempts to cause or procure, a thing to be done, is said to instigate the doing of that thing. What's more, whoever, either prior to or at the time of the commission of an act, does anything in order to facilitate the commission of that act, and thereby facilitates the commission thereof, is said to aid the doing of that act. "A person abets an offence, who abets either the commission of an offence, or the commission of an act which would be an offence if committed by a person capable by law of committing an offence with the same intention or knowledge as that of the abettor. "It means that the abetment [sic] of the illegal omission of an act may amount to an offence although the abettor may not himself be bound to do that act, and to constitute the offence of abetment it is not necesary that the act abetted should be committed, or that the effect requisite constitute the offence should be caused [sic]. What's more it is not necessary that the person abetted should be capable by law of committing an offence, or that he should have the same guilty intention or knowledge as that of the abettor, or any guilty intention or knowledge. "Whoever abets any offence shall, if the act abetted is committed in consequence of the abetment, and no express provision is made by this Code for the punishment of such abetment, be punished with the same punishment provided for the offence. "Ignoranita legis neminmem excusat! Ignorance of law excuses no man."] Jan. 4-8: Bayinnaung, a Myanmar hero of outstanding valour, by Tin Htwe. [Article 14: (1-4) Pegu period General.] Jan. 4: For perpetuation of independence, sovereignty and integrity, by Pha Tha Oah. ["We must all give our best so that the Union will remain strong and free from any and all interferences."] Jan. 4: Don't try even a puff, by Maung Lu Thant. [Smoking cheroots leads to using drugs.] Jan. 4: Reflections on Independence Day: The final phase, by Aung Moe. [Road to independence in 1948 recalled.] Jan. 4: We shall never fall under foreign domination again, by Thura Thamein. [Invasions today come from psychological warfare. "This new invasion of a different sort must be prevented from polluting and permeating the minds of those who must patriotically defend the nation, work for its prosperity."] Jan. 4: The Tatmadaw's noble traditions of safeguarding national independence, by An Observer. [Role of Tatmadaw in crushing insurgency.] Jan. 4: Poems, in Myanmar and English: "Beautiful is love of country," by Zawgyi. "The responsibilities of independence" by Htila Sitthu. Jan. 5-7,12,17,19,22-27,29,31: The record of important events of 1988, 1989 and 1990, by Yadanabon Maung Hmat. [Cont. Political Chronology, with texts of foreign broadcasts, and other documents. (19-20) Sept. 22, 1988. (21-22) Sept. 25. (23) Sept. 27-28. (24) Sept. 29. (25) Sept. 30-Oct. 1. (26) Oct. 2. (27) Oct. 4. (28) Oct. 5. (29) Oct. 6. (30) Oct 7-8. (31) Oct. 8. (32) Oct. 9.] Jan. 6: Decapitations during the 1988 disturbances, by An Eye Witness. [Cont. (3) Continued account.] Jan. 7: In connection with `Papima', by A Participant. [Controversy over video program about students who fled to KNU and returned after being mistreated. Stars criticized for portraying insurgents, etc.] Jan. 8: The true story reveals warts and all, by Thura Thamein. [Diplomatic and foreign interference in Myanmar affairs, as revealed in Dec. 7 Press Conference.] Jan. 8-9: How now the parallel government?, by Bo Thanmani. [(1) "The so-called Union of Myanmar coalition government is just a name; nothing more." U Sein Win "once served a nine-month prison term in Insein Jail.... Since he used forged visa, it is evident that he is dishonest and that he is a cheat...." Atrocities of KNU recounted. (2) Formation of DNB; "BBC, a representative of the insurgents.... U Sein Win and party, who, from being NLD members, have become insurgents set up a parallel government, issued statements jointing hands with Bo Mya and spread falsehoods over the BBC to make people think highly of them."] Jan. 9,11-12: King Kyansittha, consolidator of First Myanmar Naing-Ngan, by Hla Tun (Twantay). [King of the Bagan Period.] Jan. 9: A case of thief shouting "stop thief!", by Thura Thamein. ["`That guy's crazy...,' remarked a senior citizen who has known [Dr. Sein Win's] family. `Both his father and his uncle would turn in their graves for what he did.' His father? That's U Ba Win. And his uncle? That's Bogyoke Aung San, our independence hero.... A Yangon-based diplomat...`recently described the move by Sein Win and other NLD members to set up a provisional government as "madness."' The term `other NLD members' is qualified because the NDP was formed under the umbrella of the NLD. In this reference, the `doctor' has admitted. `My action has not weakened the NLD.' This is doubtful..."] Jan. 10-19: The story of the Unholy Alliance formed by the insurgents in the Border Areas, by Nyan Htet. [(1-9) Review and denunciation of insurgent groupings.] Jan. 10: According to the wishes of their masters (Thitsa-Myitta Discussion), by Byammahso. ["Whoever joins hands with the insurgents and fights against our Tatmadaw, our State, is himself or herself an insurgent."] Jan. 11: Student-teacher parent co-operation, the pillar of education, by San Nilar Win. [BCP "fed youths and the students with the bitter `vulgar materialism,'" and misled them.] (WPD 1/11) Jan. 13-24,28-31: A brief history of Tatmadaw leadership, by Mya Win. [History of Tatmadaw leadership since World War II, with many lists, biographies, and photographs of individual officers {see under (13) below for Gen. Saw Maung's biography, and (16) for current officers}. (1) Foreward by A Senior Tatmadaw Officer. History, 1940-45. (3) Recapture of Maymyo and Mandalay. (4) 1956 Command. (5-6) 1957 Command. (7-9) Tatmadaw leaders on Revolutionary Council of 1962. (10) 1972 Command. (11-12)) Tatmadaw leaders under Chief of Staff Gen. San Yu. (13) Changes in 1985. [Biography of Gen. Saw Maung "On 21st July 1983, Adjutant General Major-General Saw Maung became Vice Chief of Staff Defence Services (Army). Senior General Saw Maung who was promoted Chief of Staff Defence Services on 4th November 1985 enrolled in the Tatmadaw as an ardently patriotic young school boy. It was during a time when insurgency was gaining momentum throughout the country. Senior General Saw Maung who rose to this high office of Chief of Staff from the ranks had, through his career, shouldered special responsibilities in times of national emergency in addition to his regular regimental duties as commanding officer at different levels. He shouldered security responsibilities during the period of Caretaker Government in 1958 and also responsibilities with Security & Administrative Committees at different levels. He has therefore gained a high degree of political consciousness and maturity. He was, politically, a member of the Central Executive Committee during the time of the Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma; administratively, member of government as Minister of Defence, and militarily Chief of Staff Defence Services. He has thus accumulated experience of different times and different systems. Equipped with such diverse experience and with his inherent interest in the study of history his thoughts and ideas are just, fair and middle-of-the-road. He has imbibed and practised Buddha's teachings since he was young and his views on life are clear and sharp. The Senior General who has served the nation as a member of the Tatmadaw for a long time is a staunch patriot. His special qualities have enabled him to resolve a very complex political crisis and restore normalcy in the country. Senior General Saw Maung has therefore obtained a place in history as the second Chief of Staff of Defence Services who had saved the nation from disaster." [(14) Sept. 1988 Military takeover. (15) SLORC and SLORC Government. (16) Present Tatmadaw leadership--Mar. 18, 1990 to date: Tatmadaw Defence Services Chief of Staff [DSCOS]: Senior General Saw Maung. Tatmadaw Vice DSCOS and DSCOS (Army): Gen. Than Shwe DSCOS (Navy): Vice-Adm. Maung Maung Khin DSCOS (Air Force): Lt-Gen. Tin Tun Leader No. 1 SOG: Lt-Gen. Sein Aung Leader No. 2 SOG: Lt-Gen. Chit Swe Commanders: Northern: Maj-Gen. Kyaw Ba Northeastern: Maj-Gen. Maung Thint Eastern: Maj-Gen. Maung Aye Southeastern: Maj-Gen. Nyan Linn; Brig-Gen. Soe Myint Yangon: Maj-Gen. Myo Nyunt Southwestern: Maj-Gen. Myint Aung Western: Maj-Gen. Mya Thinn Northwestern: Brig-Gen. Kyaw Min Central: Maj-Gen. Tun Kyi Southern: Maj-Gen. Aye Thoung Light Infantry Divisions (LID): No. 11: Brig. Win Myint No. 22: Brig-Gen. Tin Hla No. 33: Brig. Hla Shwe No. 44: Brig-Gen. Tin Aye; Col. Saw Lwin No. 55: Col. Lun Maung No. 66: Brig-Gen. Aye Kyaw No. 77: Col. Ket Sein No. 88: Col. Hla Myint Swe No. 99: Brig-Gen. Kyaw Than. Adjutant General: Lt-Gen. Aung Ye Kyaw Quartermaster General: Lt-Gen. Phone Myint.] Jan. 13: Strictly adhere to the Election Rules Section 81, by Maung Weiksa. [Election expenditures and accounting provisions.] Jan. 15-16: The marching route used by General Maha Bandoola and Myawady Mingyi U Sa, by Tekkatho Tin Kha. [March to Rakhine and back to Yangon in 1149 ME.] Jan. 20: General Maha Bandoola of Myanmar, by Soe Nyunt. [The military hero of the First Anglo-Burmese War.] Jan. 21: Fish that really stink, by Thura Thamein. [ABSDF insurgents who blew up a Thai trawler on Dec. 29 are no better than pirates.] Jan. 22-23: Anti-imperialist movements of Myanmar nationals, by Ye Tint. [Anti-British resistance during colonial period.] Jan. 30: Objection to renewed attempt to place her back in limelight again, by Myan Pyi Thar. [VOA on Jan. 14 "glaringly praised {Daw Aung San Suu Kyi} and publicized her name saying that she was awarded a human rights prize by the European Community, that she had peacefully led the anti-military government movement and that she had demanded democracy even risking her life.... They seem to be especially worried that her name will vanish from our memory.... In fact as she had created a situation that would endanger the State, the State imposed restrictions on her movements according to law and we all understand that after that her political role came to an end....] Historical Exhibition The SLORC exhibition on "the historical trend of Myanmar politics and national objectives," at the Tatmadaw Hall on U Wisara Road, continued for government employees only, with attendance as follows [agencies specified in WPD]: January 1--406; 2--354; 3--397, will be closed Jan. 4; 5--197. (WPD 1/2-6) Jan. 1: The exhibit now includes materials from the Dec. 26 special Press Conference by State LORC Secretary (1) Maj-Gen. Khin Nyunt, including propaganda leaflets and "a list of 77 members of Sangha who were detained in Mandalay under SLORC Order 6/90. (WPD 1/2) NLD Statement Jan. 4: Election Commission Press Release No 1/91 of Jan. 4 [full text]: The Commission has put on record the following letter of the National League for Democracy letter number 764/Si/90 dated 26-12-90. (A translation of the letter) National League for Democracy No 97(B), Shwegondine West Road, Bahann Township, Yangon Letter No. 764/Si/90 Dated, 26-12-90 To: Chairman Multi-Party Democracy General Election Commission Union of Myanmar Yangon Subject: Matter concerning Dr Sein Win and his party 1. The National League for Democracy, after its two representatives were called in and told by the Multi-Party Democracy General Election Commission on 26-12-90, came to learn about the so-called coalition government made up of NLD Hluttaw representatives said to be led by Dr Sein Win as carried by some foreign newspapers. 2. Concerning this, Dr Sein Win is not a representative of the National League for Democracy and the NLD has already expelled him from the party; it has also expelled his associates and withdrawn the recognition that they were Hluttaw representatives of the NLD. 3. The National League for Democracy is in existence legally as it got registered itself [sic] with the Multi-Party Democracy General Election Commission. 4. The matter mentioned in paragraph 2 being illegal, this organization which is in existence legally has absolutely (absolutely) nothing to do with it. 5. This National League for Democracy which is in existence legally [states] that it has absolutely (absolutely) nothing to do with the matter that about 250 Hluttaw representatives signed in support of Dr Sein Win's group as reported by some foreign newspapers and broadcasting stations. 6. According to the resolution passed by the Central Executive Committee meeting on 26-12-90. Sd.U Aung Shwe Member of Central Executive Committee On behalf of the Central Executive Committee (WPD 1/5) Speeches by Gen. Than Shwe Jan. 18: Speaking in Bhamo, SLORC Vice Chairman Gen. Than Shwe "disclosed that on 15 January, the KIA No 4 brigade led by U Mahtu Naw in northern Shan State, abandoned the armed movement line and made a request to carry out work for the development of the border areas and national races under the management of the State Government and the supervision of the Tatmadaw. He pointed out that this was because they had come to have faith in the work carried out by the SLORC." (WPD 1/19) Jan. 19: Speaking in Myitkyina, SLORC Vice Chairman Gen. Than Shwe said that "they [the SLORC] did not crave for power; they already had power; that was the original power of the Tatmadaw." He noted that SLORC ministers took only their Tatmadaw pay. He said that the Tatmadaw "was ready to hold discussions with the remaining KIA organizations if they desire to attain peace. He pointed out that the State had been carrying out regional development activities .... He said that the work for constructing schools, hospitals and roads in the areas which had already attained peace took only one year instead of taking ten years. At a time when the insurgents joined hands with the Tatmadaw, the eight members of the National Democracy Party including Sein Win went underground to be subordinates of Bo Mya. They joined hands with those whose status was similar to that of only thieves and thugs and so they are only those person's subordinates, he said. "He also said that as long as the insurgents' organizations exist, there will be no development. If they wish for development as well as for the wellbeing of Kachin State and Kachin nationals, efforts must be made to wipe out the insurgency, he added." (WPD 1/20) Jan. 21: Speaking in Sittway [Rakhine) on Jan. 20, SLORC Vice Chairman Gen. Than Shwe said that: "Now certain political parties and some foreign countries are making attempts to cause the disintegration of the Tatmadaw and so it is necessary for the Tatmadawmen to remain united.... (WPD 1/22) Jan. 22: Speaking in Sittway on Jan. 21, SLORC Vice Chairman Gen. Than Shwe said [excerpts]: "When...Senior General Saw Maung and I myself are not able to travel to different parts of the country we send Secretary-1 Maj-Gen. Khin Nyunt and Secretary-2 Maj-Gen. Tin Oo on our behalf to tour States and Divisions.... Though I am burdened with other responsibilities I am on an inspection tour of the regions where communications are difficult. I went on an inspection tour of the inaccessible regions with the sole aim of fulfilling the food, clothing and shelter needs of the service personnel, Tatmadawmen and their families .... "We have changed from the socialist economic system to a market oriented economic system in order to bring development to our economy. New law, rules and procedures on economy were also promulgated.... "Everyone wants power, wants to form a government and become a prime minister. By studying this one will realize the degree of maturity of political parties in their political ideology. Parties were permitted to form and elections were successfully held. After the elections, political parties demanded transfer of power. "I would like to ask the political parties how they are going to rule the country. The 1947 and 1974 Constitutions have become null and void. The country will be in disorder if the country is ruled without a Constitution. The situation will be more confused if another `1988 disturbances' break out. We do not want the situation that will necessitate the Tatmadaw's taking over of State power again. "We have greatly increased the salaries and wages of service personnel. We have also given other due rights. Service personnel are to stay away from party politics. They are to stay neutral. It is now the time for the service personnel to work for the country with zest and zeal." (WPD 1/23) Press Conference Jan. 25: At the 198th State LORC Press Conference, State LORC Secretary (1) Maj-Gen. Khin Nyunt said: BCP activities -- BCP efforts to seize power were outlined at the Special Press Conference on Aug. 5, 1989 and the 107th Press Conference on Dec. 7, 1990. "I shall now reveal the latest situation regarding the BCP UG [underground] movement." -- The Defence Services Intelligence [DSI] on Dec. 10, 1990, arrested BCP UG 4828 Party Regional Committee Secretary Maung Ko (a) Maung Lay in Mandalay, together with his courier Kyawt Maung. On Dec. 11 they arrested 4828 Party Regional Committee member and kingpin Kyaw Mya and his wife UG telegraph operator Ma Khin Mar (a) Tin Lay Yi in Yangon. With them were seized propaganda pamphlets, negative films, instructions, lists of BCP houses, powerful Sony radios, cameras and darkroom equipment, jewelleries and K19,404, disguises, National Registration Cards under different names, Ministry of Energy service personnel identity cards, etc. -- "We were able to expose BCP UG leaders and members in all walks of life in Yangon, Mandalay, Madaya, Pyin-Oo-Lwin [Maymyo], Nawnghkio, Meiktila, Pyawbwe, Yamethin, Pyay [Prome] and Paukkaung. This included those who completed the DPA course and were active in towns, and 30 who were working as service personnel .... The BCP UG members from among the service personnel who were arrested..." came from the following Ministries: Mines (2); Energy (5); Transport & Communications (2), Home & Religious Affairs (1); Co-operatives (1); Industry 1 (3); Agriculture & Forests (4); Planning & Finance (3); Ministry of Education (5); Trade (1); Law Office (1); Accounts Office (1)... "Altogether thirty. Some...had been directly in contact with the BCP Central for as much as 10 years even before they came into contact with Kyaw Mya." -- Underground careers of Maung Ko and Kyaw Mya from 1949 through 1988 detailed at length. -- Activities during 1988 disturbances detailed at length. -- 1988-1990 activities detailed at length. -- "The BCP-UGs tried to manipulate the political parties...in the run-up to the election. In order that the opposition votes would not be scattered in the duel with the NUP, the BCP Central...urged that the election must not be boycotted and that it must be taken as a silent protest by the people...." -- Post election activities detailed at length, including organizing of monk's boycott in August 1990. -- In "October 1990, Maung Ko, Nyein Myint and Kyaw Mya met" to receive a BCP Central directive which noted that "the BCP central itself became UG and only if it was possible to establish a base region would it be possible to reach the situation that was 40 years ago. If there is no armed uprising in 1990/91, then it is to be considered that the arms [sic] resistance launched in 1948 is lost...." -- The BCP "programmes were: to enforce the armed struggle, to set up bases for actual fighting; to support the movements of the Sangha and the masses; to render support for the perpetuation of Sangha boycott; to form Thammaga associations ...; to support the movements of the political parties and to carry out movements, especially, in harmony with the NLD, to cause disintegration of the Tatmadaw; to make attempts to bring about disintegration of the Tatmadaw psychologically if it were not possible to do it physically.... BCP UG elements were not to carry out movements but they were to instigate the organizations which might be a position to do so to meet their objectives...." -- BCP activites in Nawnghkio detailed at length. -- BCP activities in Yamethin, Pyawbwe and Meiktila detailed at length. -- BCP activities in the Delta area detailed at length. -- BCP activities in "the western sector of Bago Yoma" detailed at length. -- "I would like to present the activities carried out after establishing contact with the political parties. The concept of BCP is that the majority of political parties are the allied forces of the BCP armed revolution. Therefore, it was aimed at having as much contact with the political parties as possible ...." -- Following the arrest of Thet Khaing and others in July 1989, "BCP UGs' contacts with the political parties decreased [but] they tried to establish new contacts...." Contacts with National League for Democracy officials in Mandalay and Yangon cited. -- "Separate" activities by Ma Khaing Aye of the BCP (Central) economic department in Shweli. Her brother Soe Thein was "given the tasks of establishing contacts with the leftist forces and youths from the political parties, of increasing BCP's strength with rural youths as its hardcores, of instigating to cause disunity within the Tatmadaw and of disguising himself as a young Tatmadaw officer and frequently threatening the US, British and Indian embassies to cause conflicts between the SLORC and the embassies, it is learnt." -- Another of Ma Khaing Aye's contacts, Aung Thein, "organized the members of the New Society Party of Thingangyunn Township and asked them to strive to make the youths take an interest in leftist ideology." -- "Exposed UG elements include service personnel, school teachers and lawyers. For example, Nawnghkio Township Forest Department Deputy Head U Tun Shwe..., Assistant Engineer Kyaw Min (a) Tayok Kalay from Sedawgyi electric power project..., Hmwe Kyaing, Htay Aung and Khin Maung Aye (a) Aung Htoo, who are in the leadership of the...ABSDF..., Moe Thee Zun, Aung Myint Soe, Zaw Tun, Myint Hlaing, Myint Aung (a) Di Myint Thit and Nay Win Aung were once controlled by BCP UG group leader Dr Zaw Min...." -- "One strange thing is that the librarian of the FISRAPT (Foundation in Support of Refugee Assistance Programme in Thailand), an organization under UNHCR in Bangkok, is BCP UG leader Aye Win from Lamin Taya book shop on Shwebontha Street in Yangon...." -- On Dec. 13, 1990 Northern Command captured Private Taik Peik (a) Than Tun Soe of ABSDF NO. 701 battalion, which was fighting as part of the KIA. His activities, and those of the ABSDF (North) detailed at length. It "was under the control of military affairs in-charge Than Gyaung and intelligence/UG in-charge Myint Soe and they bullied and oppressed the youths who were under them, it is learnt...[and] even when as far as to pass death sentences on students like themselves... [cases cited]." (WPD 1/26) KNU Sabotage in Yangon -- "I shall now present matters relating to the seizure of saboteurs who entered Yangon and carried out destructive activities. They were caught together with explosives and equipment used. An explosion took place near the Yaygu Railway Station, Ga-Nge Ward, Mayangonn Township, at 9.20 pm on 6 January 1991. When the members of the security unit arrived at the scene, they found a used M-62 launcher beside the railway tracks about 150 yards on the south of Yaygu Railway Station. They continued to search the surrounding area and on 7-1-91 they found one M-62 launcher to which a timer was attached and which had not yet gone off, at the edge of a Kazun plantation not far from the place where the night-time explosion had taken place. The saboteurs, taking cover behind the Kazun plantation and the darkness, launched the explosive aimed at booster transformer about 500 yards away from there but the rocket hit the embankment between two plantations about 10 yards away and exploded. "The National Intelligence Bureau did its best in investigating...and the PPF Special Branch arrested at the Yangon Central Railway Station four persons involved.... They are Khin Zaw,...Myo Aung Htwe,...Sann Myint Aye,...and Aung Kyaw Moe.... "The PPF Special Branch arrested the same day Min Han (a) Po Cho (a) Ba Min Thit.... On 17-1-91 the SB also arrested Yan Naing Aung,...Aung Kyaing,...Bo Htway Lwin (a) Ba Oo, ...Aung Than,...Zaw Myint,...and Hla Aung,...who are the main culprits. "Acting on information received from Aung Than, the PPF at 8 pm that day seized one M-62 rocket launcher, one M-72 rocket launcher, one M-20 pistol,...six TNT blocks,...three Claymore mines, three plastic explosives...hidden in the ceiling of Shop No 8/42, New Nandawun Market, South Okkalapa Township. "At 8.30 pm the same day the PPF seized four TNT blocks...from the pit latrine of Hla Aung's house at No 666, Myawutyi Street, Sa/Kha Ward, Thingangyuun Township. "Then on 18-1-91 the authorities ...arrested Kyaw Oo (a) Kyaw Kyaw (a) Min Htet Kyaw (a) Myint Naing, ...Aung Moe (a) Phyo Kyaw,...and Zaw Lin Aung (a) Moe Kyi Phyu. On 19-1-91 the authorities arrested Min Myat Oo (a) Min Naing Tun (a) Po Tun.... "The information received from those arrested led to the PPF's seizure of two TNT blocks..., five plastic explosives, one plastic explosive packed up in a plastic bag .... "Bo Htway Lwin, who was involved in bringing in these explosives and equipment twice, is one who fled to Ranong and then to Bangkok after the 1988 disturbances and who gave himself up to the Thingangyunn [LORC] in January 1989, it is learnt. On return he became a member of the Ba-Ka-Tha (Lower Myanmar Naing-Ngan) and carried out its activities. The explosives, equipment and photographs of the saboteurs arrested are displayed there...." Villainy of KNU Leader Bo Mya -- "There are no words to describe how evil and cruel Boy Mya is. He is beyond human decency. He has been sowing fear and alarm among the people by committing acts of terrorism and by carrying out destructive activities. He tried to extend his sphere of influence from the jungles to the towns and cities by deliberately committing acts of anarchism .... "KNU insurgent leader Bo Mya has assigned the following tasks to Bo Min Thit.... (1) to blow up companies which have been opened by foreigners who trust the SLORC; (2) to blow up the Thai Embassy in Yangon; (3) to blow up tankers; (4) to blow up foreign ships; (5) to break open prisons by using explosives and set political prisoners free; (6) to send arms and ammunition to Ayeyarwady Division to consolidate and expand their strength there; (7) to send arms and ammunition into Yangon Division; and, (8) to free Daw Suu Kyi, it is learnt. "Next, Bo Mya also assigned Bo Htway Lwin...to arrange to blow up important buildings in Yangon during August 1990.... "All these show the cruel and dastardly nature of KNU insurgent leader Bo Mya." NLD & the Coalition Government -- "Some of the Hluttaw representatives of the National League for Democracy and some of the pro-NLD... representatives...planned to form a parallel government in Mandalay as well as...a coalition underground government and took measures to implement the plan.... Measures are now being instituted...against the 35 persons according to the extent of their involvement in the case. "While they were being interrogated...11 turned their backs upon the law and absconded [names and constituencies].... We also received word that a group of eight led by Sein Win...had formed the so-called `national coalition government' at the KNU...Manerplaw camp...on 18 December 1990." NLD officials, meeting with Security Organizations December 10 and 18-20, denied any knowledge or approval of these acts, and cancelled the Hluttaw representation of the eight. Sein Win's group joined with Bo Mya's KNU and the DAB (Democratic Alliance of Burma) to form the DFB (Democratic Front of Burma) at Manerplaw on Dec. 18, 1990. Bo Mya accepted Sein Win's group as NLD representatives, and Bo Mya became Chairman of the DFB. They formed the "National Coalition Government of the Union of Burma" with Sein Win as prime minister. So, under the DFB are the Military Council headed by Bo Mya, the "Coalition government" headed by Sein Win, and the Advisory Council comprised of Tin Maung Win and Ye Kyaw Thu from the CRDB (Committee for Restoration of Democracy in Burma). Sein Win tried to keep the organizational structure secret to disguise its KNU connections. "In fact Sein Win's group is under Bo Mya and they have to obey the directives given by Bo Mya." A press conference was held, attended illegally by foreign journalists, at which Sein Win claimed to represent the NLD and have "an agreement signed by 250 Hluttaw representatives." The KNU accepted Sein Lwin as a NLD representative. "What Sein Win mentioned now further testifies that insurgents supported and assisted the NLD representatives to win" in the May 1990 election. -- "But it was found that on asking 456 Hluttaw representatives between 21 December 1990 and 24 January 1991 that none of them had signed endorsing the Sein Win group. NLD representatives signed 5 documents at the August 28-29, 1990, Gandhi Hall meeting "and they testified that there was no instance in which they signed in support of forming a parallel government, an underground government." They suggested that one of the documents they did sign might have had its heading changed by Sein Win's group. "The National Intelligence Bureau called in political parties. They said they did not support the coalition government.... We have already asked the opinion of 88 political parties as of today. The National Intelligence Bureau also sent letters to the National League for Democracy and the League of Patriotic Old Comrades asking them about the coalition government.... Both parties replied that they did not support the coalition government, that it did not represent the NLD, that more than 250 representatives did not invest power in them and that the coalition government did not concern the NLD." The National Democracy Party [of which U Sein Win was Chairman--HCM] was formed as a "rescue party" in case the NLD was closed down; it and the League of Patriotic Old Comrades "were called adjunct parties" by the NLD. "That was why" NLD officials "were called in and asked questions." The replies "are displayed on the board.... Sein Win and company shamelessly lied...." -- As explained in the Dec. 7 Press Conference "responsible personnel of NLD were called in to ask about hard line, soft line and principle line to be practised if the [SLORC] did not hold the Hluttaw in September 1990 according to Ghandi Declaration.... Action has been taken against 21 persons...who broke the law.... "Some persons of the National League for Democracy are found to oppose the government and the Tatmadaw continuously.... The NLD Headquarters has become a haven for fugitives, insurgents and those who opposed the government. It is a big political party that has been cynically observing and assessing the tasks of the Tatmadaw, its stand and attitude and its projects being implemented.... We will have to act according to law if they become excessive." -- "U Than Kywe and U Myint Aung, two members of the so-called "national coalition government..." led by Sein Win made contacts with Military Attache Col Ba Hein of the Myanmar Embassy in Bangkok, Thailand, on 19 January 1991. They reported to the Myanmar Military Attache of their own free will.... U Myint Aung, NLD member for Kamma Twp., [Magway] was told by NLD Bago Division Organizer Yan Aung that the meeting was to discuss formation of the NLD's Hluttaw affairs committee; he did not realize that a parallel government was planned, and "as he was opposed to the programme of armed struggle he left together with U Than Kywe. U Than Kywe, Hluttaw member for Shwedaung Twp. [Bago] said NLD Bago Division Organizer Aung Saw Oo told him the parallel government would not be under anyone's influence and would not "amount to following the programme of armed struggle." When he found that such a programme was adopted, with the support of insurgents, "he left the parallel government." "Both of them were being looked after in the Myanmar Embassy.... The governments of the two countries co-ordinated...and they finally returned to Yangon on 23-1-91. They are being looked after well and being asked about important news." Before going underground, Sein Win had contacts with U Sein Mya and then met with Than Kywe's group. "The facts discussed were (1) There will be a liberated area, (2) About 20 countries including EEC member countries will support them, (3) It is learnt that they will have loyalty of three armed insurgent groups (NNU, KIO and Mon); (4) They will have a radio station, and (5). They could have 90% confidence in the above-mentioned facts...." Sein Win met with U Sein Mya from Oct. 28-Nov. 11, 1990 and they discussed important facts. "These facts are (1) U Sein Mya has established a task force to help the NLD; he would help the NLD with this task force; (2) He supported the parallel government of NLD representatives; (3) Advice on military and political affairs will be given; (4) They wished the NLD (Ma-Da-Ta) and Hluttaw representatives to join hands in the form of combined force." After disagreement within Sein Win's group on the last, it was finally "decided to form a combined task force comprising NLD representatives and Ma-Da-Ta elements." "The important facts discussed between Mon insurgent secretary Nai Yaw Za and Sein Win were (1) Mon insurgents are members of DAB; (2) Only DAB is able to carry out movements extensively, the NDF only bears its name and it is not able to carry out movement; so it is urged to carry out the work only after holding discussions with DAB; and (3) the parallel government is supported...." Sein Win's group had discussions at Manerplaw from Dec. 6-8, 1990 with DAB members Bo Mya, Brang Seng, Zau Seng, Phado Than Aung, Phado Ba Thin, Nai Shwe Kyin, Nai Yaw Za, Moe Thee Zun, U Thwin and Tin Maung Win, and a "secret agreement was signed" with the DAB on "four secret points", namely "(1) to establish free, fair prosperous and peaceful federal state; (2) to extend the formation of coalition government comprising DAB representatives before the transfer of power when some countries recognize the parallel government this point is very important and I would like to explain it again [sic]. The DAB representatives mean insurgent groups; (3) to include DAB representatives when the National Congress is convened and when the Constitution is drafted; It means to include the insurgents' representatives; (4) to ensure self-determination of national races' representatives.... Their four secret points are of great danger to the country.... It is Bo Mya's short-cut to gaining State power." U Than Kywe's and U Myint Aung's reasons for "returning to the legal fold" reviewed. [Full page of photographic exhibits] (WPD 1/27) Fugitives at US Embassy -- As reported Aug. 10 and 24, "an embassy in Yangon was secretly protecting and looking after two persons ... [They] were actually in the custody of some diplomats in the US Embassy. "One of the two, Wang Fok Wai (a) Wang Ta Wai, son of Wang Teik Fok, a Chinese national from Honan, was apprehended by security forces as he got out of one of the embassy buildings at 3.20 pm on 2 January 1991." [Bio data provided] "He took part in the anti-government disturbances... in China in June 1989 and he illegally entered Myanmar...in February 1990...." Description of Wang Fok Wai's activities with the China Democratic United Front in Macao in 1987; his return to Beijing in June 1989 where he "took part in the demonstrations, sent information to student leaders and...distributed the news of student's demonstrations carried by foreign publications sent from Macao;" his return to Macao in Sept. 1989 after helping student escape China; his return to China in Nov. and his arrest in Dec. 1989; his escape and entry into Myanmar from Shweli in February 1990; his making friends with a Chinese national, Zhang Lin, while serving in the Kokang People's Militia in March 1990; their trip to Yangon to ask for "political asylum either at the US Embassy or the Canadian Embassy;" and their taking refuge at the American Embassy at 0930 hours on July 23, 1990. "When they arrived at the US embassy, they were met by responsible officials, and an American who spoke Chinese acted as interpreter. They asked for political asylum and the interpreter said they had to refer this to Washington...[and] told them to come back to the embassy on 27-7-90. They said they would be arrested if they went out.... The interpreter told them that he would submit the matter to the ambassador.... About two hours later one Mr David took the two of them out via the back door of the embassy, and sent them to Washington Park [a compound of American embassy residences in Yangon--HCM]. "[There] they were accommodated in a building which has two bedrooms and a living room.... They were watched by guards day and night and were not allowed to go outside. About a month later two Westerners and one lady who spoke Chinese arrived there and said they were from the office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and they had to fill in applications forms as refugees. Then, about two months later the lady who spoke Chinese came there again and asked the names and addresses of the relatives of Wang Fok Wai in China and he wrote them down and gave it to her. Wang Fok Wai lost his diary over which he had a quarrel with Zhang Lin and [they] were not on good terms. For that, the two were made to stay separately in a wing of the servants' quarters. "As the situation remained unchanged during his six-month stay in Washington Park, Wang Fok Wai left the embassy compound with intent to ask the Myanmar Government for help. He was taken back by a thirtyish-looking security man with a walkie-talkie while the guards were trying to stop him from leaving. He was arrested at 3.20 pm on 2 January,1991 by security unit members when he left the embassy in second attempt despite embassy security men's prevention.... "Wang Fok Wai got acquainted with Zhang Lin while they were serving with Mongko People's Militia Union .... Zhang Lin is about 32 years old and his real name is Zhou Xinhua.... He was an instructor with the artillery unit of the Fukien Province `Chinese People's Liberation Army' .... Zhang Lin has made his biography known neither to Wang Fok Wai nor the American Embassy.... "Zhang Lin...was taken to Bangkok on 24 January by Thai Airways International with arrangements made by UNDP...." Other Topics -- Arrests of Monks, Etc.: Review of illegal activities by the Sangha, and the reestablishment of the Young Monks Front. Arrests of Ba-Ka-Tha (lower Myanmar) members Aung Kyaw Myint (a) Saw Ye Ni (a) Naung Naung and Saw Sanda Nwe on Jan. 9; of U Vimala of the YMF on Jan. 11; U Vasawa Pandi on Jan. 15. "U Vassava-pandi tried to procure external aid by making contact with a diplomat from a foreign embassy...." General Secretary Daw Cho Cho Kyaw Nyein and Joint General Secretary U Saw Lwin of the Union of Myanmar AFPFL (Central) Headquarters made contact with ABSDF insurgent Shwe Hti and the others. "Action will be taken against the above-mentioned persons who were arrested and interrogated, made contacts with the insurgents of ABSDF...." -- KIA Defections: The leaders of KIA Brigade 4 in Northern Shan State who held discussions with the Government were Acting Brigade Commander U Mahtu Naw, Deputy in-charge for Kutkai District U Jing Hpau Naw, Communications Officer U Yin Pawng, Relations Officer U Naw Maing, and personal assistant U Bran Aung. KIA Brigade 4 comprised 5 battalions: security battalion; Nos. 2, 8, and 9 battalions; and Ma-Dat-Ta battalion No. 861. The total force was 2,000 men, plus 1,000 in the Local Guerilla Force (LGF). "It is learnt that some armed forces went to join with Hsin Wanaw, in-charge of Southern Division and brigade commander Layun...." Since mid-1990 they informed the KIO Central that they wished to defect. "At first the KIO Central bided its time, but it announced on 29-12-90 that they had departed the KIO Central and resolutely came to the legal fold. So, the Government warmly welcomed them and is making arrangements for them to carry out the development activities of the local national races such as the Kokang and Wa nationals." -- Political Parties: Review of NLD activities, and NLD rejection of those involved in the "parallel government" to thwart "any possible move to declare the NLD an unlawful organization." Some parties are taking advantage of the NLD's difficulties "to gain a foothold...by saying that the government should convene a national conference attended by political parties, that policies should be laid down in a week or in ten days, and then the Pyithu Hluttaw... should be immediately called to draft a constitution." Others call for a "temporary government" to "convene a national conference." Unlawful parties hold "private discussions called `tea round-table'" and try to influence and lead the political parties." "Some political parties have joined hands and formed a new force, and they are now active using the name of the national cause.... They propose unity among the political parties, to call for convening of national conference once united, to intimate [sic] the SLORC and then the national conference is to draft the constitution...." Some combined groups made up of national races' political parties are striving very hard to convene a conference of political parties for the establishment of eight states .... There are some youth political parties which are in contact with insurgent organizations and are engaged in UG activities.... Insurgents in the underground are using fugitives of political parties from the urban areas as a means to get international assistance. Some are found to have increased their funds by abducting, asking ransoms and pressuring those of economic enterprises from neighbouring countries opening businesses in Myanmar.... There are also attempts to...carry out explosions and destructions...." "There are attempts to incite demonstrations...by using the Gulf war as an excuse. Rumours are being spread in connection with the Gulf war causing anxiety...and there is a rise in commodity prices." "The National League for Democracy has won the majority of Hluttaw seats in the election. But some representatives...tried to get the short-cut to power. They issued the Gandhi Declaration and Bo Aung Kyaw Declaration, presented with means to get power with temporary constitution and practised big-party policy ignoring the perpetuation of the country." There were arguments with and between parties of national races. "There were voices demanding for recognition of Rohinja as nationals [,] establishing of Rohinja state, carving out Naga region from Chin State, formation of eight states and ten states as establishing federalism and ensuring rights of self-determination...." After the election, "Hluttaw representatives were to submit expense accounts according to the Election Law.... Some...are falsifying accounts. They submit the vouchers on which they mention rental fees for rooms and bicycles. In fact, there are no guest houses or bicycle rentals at towns they visited. After due scrutiny, action will be taken against those who submit such false statements...." "According to past lessons, a constitution should not be easily drafted on a temporary basis.... Hence, the entire people, within the framework of law, should unitedly and collectively take part in drafting a firm and strong constitution ...." [full page of photographic exhibits] (WPD 1/28) // [full page of photographic exhibits] (WPD 1/29) ELECTIONS Election Tribunals The Government has formed Election Tribunals to hear specific election complaints: Tribunal No. 1: Jan. 1: Heard the Kyaikmaraw-2 case. (WPD 1/2) // Jan. 3: Heard the Ingapu-2 case. (WPD 1/ 4) // Jan. 14: Heard the Ingapu-2 case. (WPD 1/15) // Jan. 16: Heard the Ingapu-2 case. (WPD 1/17) // Jan. 17: Heard the Kyaikmaraw-2 case; next hearing Feb. 5. (WPD 1/ 18) // Jan. 30: Heard the Ingapu-2 case; next hearing Jan. 31. (WPD 1/ 31) Tribunal No. 2: Jan. 9: Heard the Chipwe case; final arguments presented. (WPD 1/10) // Jan 17: Heard the Bogalay-2 case. (WPD 1/18) // Jan. 18: Heard the Bogalay-2 case. (WPD 1/19) // Jan. 22: Heard the Bogalay-2 case. (WPD 1/24) // Jan. 24: Heard the Bogalay-2 case; next hearing Jan. 31. (WPD 1/25) Tribunal No. 3: Jan. 3: Heard the Pyin-Oo-Lwin case. (WPD 1/4) // Jan. 15: Heard the Pyin-Oo-Lwin case; legal advice from the Attorney-General's office will be received Jan. 22. (WPD 1/16) // Jan. 22: Heard the Pyin-Oo-Lwin case; next hearing Jan. 29. (WPD 1/24) Jan. 17: Heard the Myaung-1 case; next hearing Feb. 4. (WPD 1/18) Tribunal No. 4: [no hearings] Tribunal No. 5: Jan. 24: Heard the Thangtlan case. (WPD 1/25) // Jan. 28: Heard the Thangtlan case. (WPD 1/30) // Jan. 30: Heard the Thantlan case; next hearing Jan. 31. (WPD 1/ 31) DIPLOMATIC Diplomatic Calls The following calls were paid on Burmese officials by foreign Embassy or UN officials accredited to Burma. Jan. 2: British Ambassador J.D.N. Hartland-Swann on Minister for Planning & Finance and for Trade Brig-Gen. Abel to discuss "economic and trade matters." (WPD 1/3) Jan. 3: American Charge d'Affaires a.i. Franklin P. Huddle on Minister for Planning & Finance and for Trade Brig-Gen. Abel to discuss "matters of interest." (WPD 1/4) Jan. 7: Iraq Ambassador Monir Shihab Ahmed on SLORC Vice Chairman Gen. Than Shwe. (WPD 1/8) Jan. 8: French Ambassador Alain Briottet on Chief Justice U Aung Toe. (WPD 1/9) Jan. 11: Nepal Ambassador Dr. Dibya Deo Bhatt on Minister for Planning & Finance and for Trade Brig-Gen. Abel, and on Minister for Energy and for Mines Vice-Adm. Maung Maung Khin. (WPD 1/12) Jan. 15: Singapore Ambassador Brig-Gen. Chin Siat Yoon on Minister for Planning & Finance and for Trade Brig-Gen. Abel. Nepal Ambassador Dr. Dibya Deo Bhatt on Minister for Livestock Breeding & Fisheries and for Agriculture & Forests Lt-Gen. Chit Swe. (WPD 1/16) Jan. 16: The Nepal Ambassador on Minister for Health and for Education and Chief Commanding Officer of the University Training Corps Col. Pe Thein. (WPD 1/17) Jan. 18: The Nepal Ambassador on Minister for Home & Religious Affairs and for Information and for Culture Lt-Gen. Phone Myint. (WPD 1/ 19) Jan. 22: The Nepal Ambassador on State LORC Chairman Senior General Saw Maung. Japanese Ambassador Tomoya Kawamura on Minister for Planning & Finance and for Trade Brig-Gen. Abel to discuss economic co-operation. UNDP Representative Michael P. Gautier, and Assistant Representative Ms. Flavia Pansieri, on Minister for Planning & Finance and for Trade Brig-Gen. Abel. French Ambassador Alain Briottet on Attorney-General U Tha Tun. (WPD 1/23) Jan. 25: Pakistan Ambassador Muhammed Qurban on Minister for Industry 1 and for Industry 2 Lt-Gen. Sein Aung. (WPD 1/26) New Singapore Ambassador Jan. 15: Brig-Gen. Chin Siat Yoon, the new Singapore Ambassador to Myanmar presented credentials to State LORC Chairman Senior General Saw Maung. (WPD 1/16) INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION Workshops and Courses Jan. 18: A "medical discussion" on production and efficacy of Augmentin, Zental and Halfan, jointly sponsored by the Inspection and Agency Services, M/s Smith Kline Beechan, and M/s Bombay Trading Co. Ltd., both of Singapore, was held. (WPD 1/ 19) Jan. 23: A workshop on Innovative Methods in Educational and Training Processes, jointly sponsored by the Basic Education Department and by UNICEF, conducted by Dr. J. Houston, opened with 140 trainees from religious associations and departments. It will include "memory improvement discussions" and will last two days. (WPD 1/24) Foreign Donations Jan. 10: Managing Director Charnchai Pharesiri of Chaitanasarn Limited, Bankgok, Thailand, donated US$ 10,000 for construction of the Shwedagon Pagoda museum and library. (WPD 1/11) Jan. 20: Sri Lankan Ambassador S.W. Alawathuwala donated K20,000 to the Jivitadana Sangha Hospital. (WPD photo caption 1/29) Jan. 24: Mr. Narong Sangujiveth of N & N Co Ltd, of Thailand, donated US$10,000 for the three projects at the Shwedagon Pagoda. (WPD 1/25) Jan. 27: The French Embassy donated 100 books, 42 audio cassettes, and 4 videotapes to the French Language Department of the Institute of Foreign Languages. (WPD 1/29) UNESCO Awards to Myanmars Jan. 24: Daw Baby Tun, Research Officer of the Research and Development Division of the Computer Centre was awrded the UNESCO/ROSTSCA Award for Young Women Scientists, 1990, of the UNESCO Regional Office of Science and Technology for South and Central Asia. Daw Khin Myo Thet, Demonstrator of the Post-Graduate Applied Geology Department of Yangon University, won the UNESCO/ROSTSCA Award for Young Scientists, 1989. (WPD 1/25) FOREIGN VISITORS International Organizations Jan. 18: Mr. Dominique Dufour, Regional Director of the New Delhi International Red Cross Committee office, called on Minister for Health and for Education and Chief Commanding Officer of the University Training Corps Col. Pe Thein. (WPD 1/19) Jan. 25: Dr. Jean Houston, Consultant for UNICEF, called on Minister for Health and for Education and Chief Commanding Officer of the University Training Corps Col. Pe Thein. (WPD 1/26) Jan. 28: President Dr. Hans-Peter Geh and General Secretary Dr. Paul Nauta of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions, who arrived Jan. 26, called on Minister for Health and for Education and Chief Commanding Officer of the University Training Corps Col. Pe Thein, who was accompanied by Higher Education Department Director (Foreign Studies) U Saw Tun and Universities Central Library Librarian U Thaw Kaung. They are on a 4-day visit, and visited departmental libraries on Jan. 27. (WPD 1/29) Jan. 30: A UNDP Tax Advisory Mission, headed by Mr. Francois Corfmat and including Mr. Allan Firestone and Mr. Paul Laugesen, called on Minister for Planning & Finance and for Trade Brig-Gen. Abel. The delegation arrived Jan. 21 for a 2-week stay. (WPD 1/31) Israeli Chamber of Commerce Jan. 1: Mr. Abraham Blass, President of the Israel-Asia Chamber of Commerce, called on Minister for Planning & Finance and for Trade Brig-Gen. Abel. (WPD 1/2) British Fisheries Expert Jan. 1: British fisheries expert Dr. David Edwards called on Minister for Health and for Education and Chief Commanding Officer of the University Training Corps Col. Pe Thein to discuss "fish breeding and marketing." (WPD 1/3) Soviet Delegations Jan. 10: A 3-member delegation from the USSR State Committee for Hydrology and Meteorology arrived, headed by Mr. I.S. Sudunov, First Deputy Chairman, with members Mr. I.P. Popov, Director General of the Department of Supplies, and Mrs. E.L. Pedan, Staff-member of the International Relations Department. They will spend 9 days in Myanmar to discuss exchanges of people and materials, and to give scientific lectures. (WPD 1/11) // Jan. 16: It called on Minister for Transport & Communications and for Social Welfare and for Labour Lt-Gen. Tin Tun. (WPD 1/17) // Jan. 17: The delegation conducted a Seminar on Environmental Affairs, discussing "the danger of ozone depletion, climatic change and other matters related to environmental affairs, which are threatening the social and economical safety of mankind." (WPD 1/18) // Jan. 18: The delegation departed. (WPD 1/19) Jan. 19: A four-member Soviet Chess Team, headed by Coach Mr. K. Ossoul and including General Secretary of the Soviet Chess Federation Grandmaster Mr. V. Ousmanski, Grandmaster Mr. E. Chehtman, and Grandmaster Mr. M. Vassilev, arrived for goodwill chess matches to be held in Yangon Jan. 30-Feb. 4 and in Mandalay Feb. 6-8. They were met by Dr. kyaw Tint, President of the Myanmar Naing-Ngan Chess Federation and other officials. (WPD 1/30) Yunnan Delegations Jan. 10: A 10-member delegation headed by Mr. Xu Quan-Sheng, head of the Yunnan Provincial Foreign Affairs Department,China, arrived Jan. 9, and on Jan. 10 called on Minister for Planning & Finance and for Trade Brig-Gen. Abel. (WPD 1/11) Jan. 23: A delegation headed by Mr. Wu Zhong-Ning, Division Chief of the Yunnan Provincial Foreign Affairs Office, China, arrived. (WPD 1/24) // Jan. 24: It visited the Aquarium and Zoo and called on Foreign Ministry Political Director-General U Ohn Gyaw. (WPD 1/25) // Jan. 25: It studied the Yangon-Tanyin Bridge Project. (WPD 1/26) Japanese Delegations Jan. 11: An evaluation team from the Japan International Co-operation Agency (JICA) called on Minister for Health and for Education and Chief Commanding Officer of the University Training Corps Col. Pe Thein. (WPD 1/12) Jan. 17: Two Japanese doctors, Prof. Y. Hamashima and Prof. K. Tanaka, currently in Yangon, visited three Yangon highschools, and presented each with 2,000 ballpens. (WPD 1/18) Jan. 24: Mr. M. Kouno, Director of the South-East Asia Division of the Japanese Foreign Ministry, called on State LORC Secretary (1) Maj-Gen. Khin Nyunt. (WPD 1/25) Business Delegations Jan. 11: Mr. Rich C. Hoo, computer analyst and instructor from the Boeing Co. called on Minister for Health and for Education and Chief Commanding Officer of the University Training Corps Col. Pe Thein. (WPD 1/12) Jan. 18: A delegation from the M/s Merieux (Thailand) Ltd., headed by Managing Director Mr. Louis Henri Freidel, in Yangon to attend the 37th Medical Conference, called on Minister for Health and for Education and Chief Commanding Officer of the University Training Corps Col. Pe Thein. (WPD 1/19) Chinese State Council Chief Jan. 28: Mr. Luo Gan, General Secretary of the Council of State of China, arrived [via Tradewinds Airlines] with a delegation of six. (WPD 1/29) // Jan. 30: He visited the Yangon-Tanyin Bridge project. (WPD 1/31) Adventist Relief Organization Jan. 28: A delegation from the Adventist Development and Relief Agency, headed by Mr. Maitland Dipinto, called on Minister for Health and for Education and Chief Commanding Officer of the University Training Corps Col. Pe Thein. (WPD 1/29) MYANMAR DELEGATIONS Study Delegations Jan. 7: 16 lecturers and assistant lecturers from teacher training institutions left Jan. 5 for the Philippines for a 3-month course on Training and Teaching Methodologies, a 1-month course on Documentation, and a 1-month course on Computer Use, sponsored by UNDP. (WPD 1/8) Jan. 12: U Zaw Thein Myint and U Kyin Thaung, Staff Officers of the Department of Labour, left for New Delhi to attend a Jan. 14-Mar.8 18th training course in Manpower Research conducted under the Colombo Plan. Plantation Manager U Kyin Thaung of the Agricultural Division, Myanmar Agricultural Service, left for India to attend a 35 day training course on Integrated Seed Improvement conducted under the Colombo Plan. (WPD 1/13) Jan. 16: Professor Dr. Daw San Yi, Department Head at the Mandalay Institute of Medicine, left for Australia to attend a course on interaction of genetic and genetico-environmental factors of national groups in Myanmar sponsored by the WHO. (WPD 1/17) Jan. 18: Daw Cho Cho Aung, Demonstrator at the Yangon University Physics Department, left for the USA to attend a Jan. 21-Feb. 22 Interregional Training Course on Applications of Nuclear Analytical Techniques in Air Pollution sponsored by the IAEA. (WPD 1/19) Jan. 19: U Aung Naing Tun, Assistant Director of the Myanma Farms Enterprise, left for Italy to attend a five month course on Management of Water Resources sponsored by the Italian Government. (WPD 1/20) Jan. 20: A delegation headed by U Khin Maung, Secretary of the Mass Media Information and Education Committee of the Central Committee for Drug Abuse, left for Thailand and Singapore to study narcotics drug control work. The trip will last until Feb. 5. Other members are U Hla Kyi, Deputy Director (Head Office) of the Motion Picture Enterprise; Capt. Nyi Nyi, Deputy Chief Editor of The Working People's Daily; U Khin Maung Myint, Head of Division, Ministry of Information; Capt. Maung Win, Staff Officer (Production), Printing and Publishing Enterprise; and U Khin Maung Hsan, Staff Officer (Production), Information and Broadcasting Department. (WPD 1/21) Jan. 26: U Aung Sein, Deputy Director-General of the Central Statistics Office, and Staff Officer (Statistics) U Lawson Sein Tun, left for Korea, Australia, and Singapore, where they will study "the extended work project (Phase 2) on vital registration and statistics," sponsored by the UN Fund for Population Activities. (WPD 1/27) MYANMAR GAZETTE Probationary Appointments The SLORC made the following appointments, on probation: Jan. 9: U Myo Nyunt, Deputy Director-General, to be Director-General, Pyithu Hluttaw Office. U Soe Tint, Deputy Director-General, to be Director-General, Office of the Government. U Thaung Shwe, Deputy Director-General, Civil Aviation Department, Ministry of Tranport & Communications, to be Managing Director, Myanma Airways, same Ministry. (WPD 1/10) Jan. 16: U Kyi Aye, Director, Central Bank of Myanmar, Ministry of Planning & Finance, to be Managing Director, Myanma Economic Bank, same Ministry. (WPD 1/17) Appointments Confirmed The SLORC confirmed the following appointments, after one year's probation: Jan. 2: Dr. Aung Tun as Director-General, Planning and Statistics Department, Ministry of Health. (WPD 1/3) Transfers Jan. 16: Daw Yee Yee, Managing Director, Myanma Economic Bank, Ministry of Planning & Finance, to be Director, Myanma Investment and Commercial Bank, same Ministry. (WPD 1/ 17) GOVERNMENT Tourism Regulations Issued Dec. 31: Ministry of Trade Notification No. 36/90 of Dec. 31, Procedures relating to the Myanmar Tourism Law provides for: (1) definitions; (2) regulations for tourist enterprise licensees; (3) for hotel and lodging-house licensees; (4) for tourist transport licensees; (5) for tour guide licensees; (6) licensing procedures; (7) inspection, etc. (WPD 1/1-2) Gen. Saw Maung's Jan. 4 Message Jan. 4: State LORC Chairman Senior General Saw Maung's message to the 43rd Anniversary of the Independence Day ceremony [text]: I cordially and respectfully greet the people of all the national races on this auspicious day, the Fourth of January, 1991, the 43rd Anniversary of the regaining of the independence of the Union of Myanmar. Our Union of Myanmar has stood tall as a sovereign nation amidst the nations of the world for thousands of years and the avaricious British imperialists waged three aggressive wars on Myanmar Naing-Ngan in the 19th century, turned our nation into a colony of theirs and plunged it into servitude. The people of all the national races, with a high sense of patriotism, fought with whatever weapons they laid their hands on, against the British imperialists' enslavement of our nation. The patriots from among the various national races such as the Kachins, the Kayahs, the Kayins, the Chins, the Bamars, the Mons, the Rakhines and the Shans who had taken part in the anti-imperialist and national liberation struggles must be put on record as patriotic heroes in the annals of our history so that they would last till the world lasts. Just as these patriotic heroes had struggled to regain the independence of the nation, so also there have been millions of service personnel and people including the members of the Tatmadaw, the offspring of the people of the national races, who have fought with many sacrificing their lives in the struggles waged and the battles fought in defence of the independence of the nation since our attainment of it so that it would not be lost again. Just as the respective national races of our land have made sacrifices shedding their blood and sweat in the struggles for independence and in the endeavour to defend and safeguard the independence thus gained, so also the duty of defending and safeguarding the independence of the nation must be handed down to our descendants both at present and in future. In this 20th century although the imperialists and colonialists do not blatantly commit aggression on small nations and occupy them as in the olden days, they employ the method of breeding minions using social, economic and cultural means as well as ideological means so that the small nations may fall under their sphere of influence, think highly of them and become subservient to them and as such we must defend and protect our nation with greater caution and vigilance so that our nation never become a colony again under any form. In defending and safeguarding the independence and sovereignty of the State, it is of utmost importance for us to be strong and powerful. In order to make ourselves strong and powerful, the most primary thing is for us to consolidate the strength within the country and make it monolithic and compact. In our Myanmar Naing-Ngan which is made up of various national races, to enhance and strengthen the solidarity of all the national races, to prevent disintegration of the Union and to defence and safeguard the sovereignty of the State sacrificing one's own life is the "National Political Duty" which all the citizens who love Independence must be carrying out as a first duty. We must also strive to bring about development in the social sphere such as the educational, health and cultural fields while building up the economic structure along modern lines to achieve progress and development so as to be able to raise the food, clothing and shelter standard of the people. Since we have to be exposing and crushing those who violate the laws and who are causing disturbances as well as the insurgents and destructive elements while we are striving to achieve progress and development, this causes hindrances to our performing the development tasks. Before the formation of a government that will come into being in accordance with a strong and firm constitution drawn up according to the desires and aspirations of the people, the State Law and Order Restoration Council will carry out, with the help of the people and with might and main, the national defence work and construction work such as (a) the Three Main Causes--non-disintegration of the Union, non-disintegration of national solidarity and ensuring the perpetuity of national sovereignty. (b) prevalence of the rule of law, peace and tranquillity; to ensure safe and smooth transportation and communication and to ease the food, clothing and shelter needs of the people and (c) to safeguard, with vigilence and caution, the tasks to be carried out for the progress and development of the national races residing in the Union of Myanmar, and as such I would like to urge all people from all the national races to unitedly take part in the performance of these tasks so that the objectives of the State Law and Order Restoration Council can be realized. In short, I emphatically urge all the people of the national races on this auspicious 43rd Anniversary Independence Day to unitedly take part in striving to achieve success in the implementation of the National Objectives of the State Law and Order Restoration Council such as (a) For all the citizens to make concerted efforts with the leadership of the State Law and Order Restoration Council for perpetuation of independence, sovereignty and integrity of the State; (b) For all citizens with the leadership of the State Law and Order Restoration Council to unitedly safeguard and prevent the Union from disintegration; (c) For all citizens to join hands with the Tatmadaw to expose and crush the destructive elements and (d) For all citizens to conscientiously make efforts to draft and adopt a firm constitution in accordance with the wishes of the national races. Sd. Saw Maung Senior General Chairman, State Law and Order Restoration Council (WPD 1/4) Independence Day Congratulations On the occasion of the Jan. 4 Myanmar Independence Day, messages of congratulations were received from the following Chiefs of State, Heads of Government, Foreign Ministers, and Ambassadors: Heads of State [with texts]: China, Republic of Korea, USSR, Bangladesh (WPD 1/4); Singapore, Pakistan, USA ("On behalf of all Americans, I extend best wishes and congratulations to the people of Myanmar on the Forty-Third Anniversary of the Independence of Myanmar."), Sri Lanka, Vietnam (WPD 1/15); Nepal, Laos, Turkey, India, Egypt, Yugoslavia, Great Britain (WPD 1/6); Indonesia, Japan, Hungary, Czech & Slovak Federal Republic, Canada, Australia, Tunisia, Germany, Albania, Romania (WPD 1/7); Cyprus, United Arab Emirates, Brunei (WPD 1/8); Thailand, Cuba, Israel, Iraq, Austria, Bulgaria, France (WPD 1/9); Bhutan (WPD 1/10); Nigeria, Italy, Iran (WPD 1/12); Malaysia (WPD 1/19). Heads of Government [with texts]: Japan, China, Mauritius, United Arab Emirates (WPD 1/8); Singapore, Pakistan (WPD 1/10); Malaysia (WPD 1/19). Deputy Heads of Government [with texts]: Indonesia, Egypt (WPD 1/10) Foreign Ministers [with texts]: Egypt (WPD 1/10); Vietnam, Singapore, Cuba, Brunei Darussalam (WPD 1/11); Syria (WPD /20). International Organizations [with texts]: FAO Director-General (WPD 1/12). Ambassadors and Charge d'Affaires [names and photos only]: Ambassadors of Germany, Nepal, China, Malaysia, Egypt, Pakistan, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Japan, Thailand, Bangladesh, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Israel, USSR, France; Charge d'Affaires of Laos, USA, Vietnam, Yugoslavia, Czech & Slovak Federal Republic; Resident Representative of UNDP (WPD 1/4). Independence Day Awards Jan. 4: Under SLORC Notification No. 2/91 religious awards were made as follows [names and monasteries specified]: Abhidhaja Maha Rattha Guru Title: 4 (Myanmar); 1 (Thailand). Agga Maha Pandita Title: 49 (Myanmar); 9 (Thailand); 2 (Sri Lanka); 1 (Nepal); 1 (Japan); 1 (England). (WPD 1/4) Jan. 4: Under SLORC Notification No. 3/91 civil and military Medals were awarded as follows [names, serial numbers or titles, and units or agencies specified]: Gallantry Medal: 13 Medal for Excellent Performance in Industrial Field of Economy: (3rd Class) 1 Medal for Excellent Performance in Administrative Field: (1st Class) 51; (2nd Class) 27; (3rd Class) 5 Medal for Excellent Performance in Social Field: (1st Class) 1; (2nd Class) 9; (3rd Class) 47 Ye Thura Medal: 11 Ye Bala Medal: 18 Ye Thurein Medal: 6 Ye Kyaw Swe Medal: 4 Ye Kyaw Thu Medal: 4 Total: 197 persons. (WPD 1/4-6) Jan. 4: Under Notification No. 4/91 the Military Good Service Medal was awarded to 6,850 servicemen and 615 veterans, for a total of 7,465. (WPD 1/4) Jan. 4: Under Notification No. 5/91 the Good Public Service Medal was awarded to 4,093 civil servants and 313 retired civil servants, for a total of 4,406. (WPD 1/4) Jan. 4: Under Notification No. 6/91 the Public Service Medal and the Law and Order and Rule of Law Medal were awarded to 35,050 civil servants and 780 retired civil servants, for a total of 35,830. (WPD 1/4) Jan. 23: SLORC Notification No. 11/91 of Jan. 23 awards the Agga Maha Pandita title to two more Sayadaws, one in Myanmar and one in Thailand. (WPD 1/24) MILITARY Thai Trawler Destroyed Jan. 10: 30 ABSDF insurgents led by Kyaw Ya on Dec. 29 commandeered a Thai trawler, Dan Siri Udom (No. NCC/408) of the Narong Canning Co. of Thailand, while it was fishing 60 miles west of Myeik [Mergui], and after landing the crew on an island demanded 1.5 million bahts ransom. The owners sent a representative to the ABSDF Minthamee Camp on Jan. 1, and paid 500,000 baht, but the insurgents blew up the trawler, which was part of the Myanmar-Thai Joint Venture, on Jan. 3. The Thai company is suing the ABSDF in a Thai court. (WPD 1/11) Insurgent Attacks Jan. 12: An insurgent mine exploded Jan. 7 on the railway line between Namti and Mogaung (between Mile Posts 692/2 and 692/9), moving the track aside "a little bit." KNU insurgents on Jan. 8 set fire to a bowser near Taungzun village, which was returning from the Paya Thonzu-Thanbyuzayat road after transporting fuel oil. It belonged to the PTK Timber Co., which is extracting timber in the Paya Thonzu area of Kayin State. The insurgents burned the bowser and tooks away 2 workers and 2 villagers. (WPD 1/13) Jan. 16: A KNU mine blew up a "mine-clearing train that left Ye in front of Ye-Mawlamyine bound passenger train" near Wekali village. The coach in front of the engine was damaged, but nobody was injured. On Jan. 14, KNU and NMSP insurgents set fire to two bowsers of the PTK Timber Co. of Thailand extracting timber in the Payathonzu area of Kayin State; one 10 miles from and the other 36 miles from Payathonzu, killing one driver and wounding a spare-man. (WPD 1/17) Jan. 21: Villagers killed an ABSDF insurgent who "tried to extort money from innocent people of Thitson village in Manai Township [Kachin] on 9 January." He was beaten to death after demanding K10,000. (WPD 1/22) Jan. 22: KIA insurgents on Jan. 21 mined and fired on a goods train at milepost 705/22 between Mayan and Pyikaung on the Mogaung-Myitkyina line, killing 3 passengers and wounding 4. Two train crew were abducted. (WPD 1/23) Jan. 25: 30 KIA and ABSDF insurgents on Jan. 24 fired on the Inland Water Transport motor vessel Padaing, travelling from Shwegu to Bhamo, near Kongyi village, killing 6 passengers and wounding 18. (WPD 1/26) Jan. 28: 20 KNU insurgents on Jan. 25 fired rockets and mortars at North and South Kammayaik villages, Kawkareik Twp. [Kayin], killing 1 villager and wounding 6. (WPD 1/29) Khin Nyunt meets with KIA Jan. 16: State LORC Secretary (1) Maj-Gen. Khin Nyunt, Chairman of the Work Committee for Development of Border Areas and National Races, accompanied by other military officers of the Work Committee, met with "Kachin national leaders led by U Mahtu Naw of KIA in northern Shan State" at North-East Command quarters in Lashio. "First, U Mahtu Naw...urged the Secretary-1 and party to carry out work for the development of border areas and national races under the administration of the State Government and the supervision of the Tatmadaw after the KIA had given up armed insurgency.... Kachin national leaders headed by U Mahtu Naw said that their organization would work in co-operation under the arrangements of the State and that they would always be loyal to the State and carry out tasks faithfully...." [photos] (WPD 1/17) Jan. 18: Editorial [excerpts]: "The news...must have made not a few of the incorrigible cynics and confirmed pessimists gasp in exasperation. U Mahtu Naw who led a number of Kachin national leaders stated that they had renounced the line of armed struggle and requested regional development work to be carried out by the government with the close supervision of the Tatmadaw.... What U Mahtu Naw of the north Shan State KIA and his group have done is nothing short of extending a definite vote of confidence in the sincerity and goodwill of the [SLORC] and the Tatmadaw.... This is not the kind of confidence which be built [sic] on the kind of `campaign promises' which politicians all too often make for getting votes.... [It] is based upon the firm reality of positive achievements which can be seen, felt and enjoyed beyond all doubt. This kind of confidence can never be misplaced." (WPD editorial 1/18) Mon Headquarters Captured Jan. 21: South-East Command troops on Jan. 20 captured the headquarters camp of 200 MNDA (Mon insurgent Nai Win Yoe) insurgents, 26 miles east of Bokpyin, near Yadanabon Mine on the Myanmar-Thai border in Tanintharyi Division. There were 8 engagements including 2 major battles. Tatmadaw losses were 1 killed and 4 wounded. The Tatmadaw captured "10 insurgents dead" and 80 firearms [listed], and 29,000 rounds of ammunition, etc. Fifty huts, five with corrugated iron roofs, two halls, a broken down truck, a tractor, and a motorcycle were seized. [map] (WPD 1/22) ECONOMIC Economic Articles Jan. 3-5: Myanmar Jade, by U Nyan Thin (Professor of Geology, University of Mawlamyine). [Jade in Myanmar.] Jan. 18,31: Development activities of Shwebo, by Aung Nyunt. [(1) Visit and description. Through history, Shwebo has also been called Motehsobo, Konbaung, Yangyi Aung, Yadanar Theinga, and Ayokzapura. (2) New facilities.] Jan. 20,24: SLORC's construction activities paving the way with flowers, by Kyattika Kyai. [Cont. (13-14) Hlawga Wildlife Park.] Jan. 21: Implementation of border area development projects, by Ko Soe. [Very general short survey.] Jan. 25,28: Ketumadi, historic capital of Second Myanmar Naing Ngan, by Nyunt Aung. [Toungoo; history and description.] Jan. 29: Picturesque Town of Minhla, by Ye Myint Pe. [History and description.] Construction Projects Jan. 2: A K 2.7 million station hospital was opened in Penwegon, Kyauktaga Twp. [Bago]. (WPD 1/3) Jan. 3: The Min Ye Kyaw Swa railway overpass, built at a cost of K15.2 million, was opened at Laydauntkan Road, Tarmwe Twp. [Yangon]. The Laydauntkan Road was opened, 15,521 feet long and 6 lanes wide, was also opened, and passes through Tarmwe, Thingangyunn, Dagon Myothit (North) and Dagon Myothit (South) Townships, linking up with the Yangon-Mandalay highway near Indaing village. (WPD 1/4) Jan. 4: A new telephone exchange was opened in Ayadaw Twp., Sagaing, on Jan. 2. The Thiri Oktha two-story market building was inaugurated in Bago. (WPD 1/5) Jan. 5: The new medical clinic of the Secondary Health Centre in Mingan Ward, Sittwe Twp. [Rakhine] was opened Jan. 4. (WPD 1/6) Jan. 6: Two 4-story buildings for the Mandalay Zaygyo Market, and the Yadanabon Pedestrian Overpass, built at a cost of K13.2 million, were inaugurated on Jan. 4. A 16-bed hospital for the Duya Station area of Hinthada Twp. [Ayeyarwady] was commissioned Dec. 30. The Mawlamyine Hotel of the Myanma Hotels and Tourism Services opened Jan. 4. Drug Store No. 38 opened in Dagon Myothit (North) Twp. [Yangon]. A K4.8 million highschool and a K3.2 million, 16-bed hospital were opened Jan. 5 at Ayethayar Myothit, Taunggyi [Shan]. The Ayeyarwady Division People's Gymnasium was opened in Koethein Ward, Pathein, on Jan. 4. The new phone line between Kinmun Sakhan at the foot of Kyaikhtiyo Hill with Kyaikhto Twp. [Mon] was opened. A new 11-KV power line was opened in Ayadaw Twp., Sagaing. (WPD 1/7) Jan. 7: A 25-bed hospital, X-ray unit, and sports field were inaugurated Dec. 29 in Kya-inn-Seikkyi [Kayin]. The Ngwe Sanda Bridge was opened in Homalin [Sagaing] Jan. 4. The new Town Hall, which cost K6.5 million, was opened in Monywa [Sagaing]. A K130,000 independence monument was dedicated Jan. 4 in Mawlaik [Sagaing]. Electricity was introduced in Wetlet Township, Sagaing on Jan. 4. The 19-mile 11 KV line from Shwebo to Wetlet cost K5 million, of which the people contributed K2.2 million. A new telephone exchange was commissioned in Myohla, Yedashe Twp. [Bago] on Jan. 5. (WPD 1/8) Jan. 9: A new K4.5 million airfield building was inaugurated at Dawei [Tavoy] Airfield [Tanintharyi] on Jan. 4. (WPD 1/10) Jan. 12: A new telephone exchange was opened at Tabayin [Sagaing]. (WPD 1/13) Jan. 14: A cornerstone was laid Jan. 4 for a 100-bed hospital in Mohnyin Twp., Kachin. It will cost K12.55 million. (WPD 1/15) Jan. 15: Foundation stones were laid for the Ye-mun-tat-myo high school in Hlegu Twp. [Yangon]. (WPD 1/16) Jan. 16: On Jan. 10 (Kachin State Day), the new operating theatre at the Kachin State Hospital in Myitkyina, built at a cost of K1.9 million between Apr.20-Nov. 23, 1990, and the Kareinnaw Recreation Centre on the bank of the Ayeyarwady River [sic] north of Myitkyina, built between Sept. 13, 1990-Jan. 6, 1991, were inaugurated. (WPD 1/17) Jan. 17: Thiri Mingala Road in Insein Twp. [Yangon] was inaugurated. Construction took place May 1-Nov. 30, 1990, and cost K6.7 million. Engineer U Sein Than said "the present laterite road would be improved stage by stage so that it could bear the weight of heavy trucks," and that it would provide better transportation for Mingaladon, Insein, and Shwepyitha Myothit. A new Htanaungdaing Station Hospital building in Myingyan Twp. [Mandalay], built by self-help at a cost of K868,000, was handed over to the Health Department on Jan. 10. (WPD 1/18) Jan. 20: An electric power generator was inaugurated Jan. 4 in Ye-U [Sagaing]. A power generator costing K3.3 million was inaugurated Jan. 17 in Pale [Sagaing]. A water supply work was inaugurated Jan. 18 in Mawlaik [Sagaing]. (WPD 1/21) Jan. 20: A new primary school was opened Jan. 11 in Lein Oun Village, Tiddim Twp., Chin State. (WPD 1/22) Jan. 24: A new telephone exchange and new market shops were opened at Sale, Chauk Twp. [Magway]. (WPD 1/ 25) Jan. 23: 123 Tatmadawmen who had "sacrificed their limbs" left for Ngapali, Thandwe [Sandoway], Rakhine State for recreation. (WPD 1/24) // Jan. 26: A recreation camp for disabled Tatmadawmen at Tatmadaw Ohnchan Camp at Ngapali [Rakhine] was opened Jan. 24. (WPD 1/27) // Jan. 30: The 123 maimed Tatmadawmen returned. (WPD 1/31) Jan. 29: Foundations were laid Feb. 28 for the new Taunggyi HOtel (Mountain Resort), being built at the hill (5,350 feet) near Shwephonepwint Pagoda in Taunggyi [Shan]. (WPD 1/30) Joint Ventures Jan. 9: The Myanmar Inspection and Testing Services Limited, formed Oct. 10 as a joint venture between the Inspection & Agency Services and M/s Specialist Services International Ltd (SSI) of England, has begun business. An office was opened Dec. 6 at 62 Bogalayzay St., Botahtaung Twp., Yangon. "Private entrepreneurs and government departments have already sent to the Limited imported commodities for carrying out 208 kinds of business such as import destination survey, inspection of commodities, motor vehicles and edible oil and for carrying out 11 businesses of import preshipment survey. Altogether 24 private entrepreneurs have also sent their export items for inspection." (WPD 1/10) Jan. 25: The Joint Venture Corporation No. 8 Ltd. office building was inaugurated at 253/255 Shwebontha St. JVC No. 8 was formed Nov. 1990 and has an investment of K50 million. (WPD 1/26) Jan. 30: Ministry of Trade Notification No. 2/91 of Jan. 30 established the Myanmar Singapura United Tobacco Company Limited, a private joint-venture company "for production and marketing of cigarettes, tobacco products, and for export trading." First members are Myanma Foodstuff Industries, represented by its Managing Director, 192 Kaba Aye Pagoda Rd., Yangon; and Singapura United Tobacco (Pte.) Limited, represented by Managing Director Mr. Tay Choon Hye, 100 J Pasir Panjang Road, Singapore 0511. Authorized capital is K29,150,000, divided into 2,915 shares of K10,000 each, of which Myanma Foodstuff Industries will subscribe 1,895, and Singapura United Tobacco will subscribe 1,020 "in the currencies as mentioned in the Permit." (WPD 1/31) Trade Ministry Registrations Dec. 31: In December 1990, the Ministry of Trade registered 57 limited companies, 1 foreign company branch office, and 13 partnerships, bringing cumulative totals to 672, 77, and 535. In December 1990, the Ministry also registered 92 exporters, 69 importers, and 19 business representatives, bringing cumulative totals to 1,635, 750, and 450. (WPD 1/1] Exports Jan. 1: "The Ministry of Trade issued Order 1/91 of 1 January 1991. The Order concerns exemptions on goods to be exported by government departments, State-owned economic enterprises, State-owned Banks formed in accordance with the law, and the Yangon City Development Committee. "The Ministry of Trade Notifications No 2/85 and No 2/86 were revoked under this Order, it is learnt." (WPD 1/3) Jan. 12: Actual prices of Myanmar exports sold during December l990 (FOB in US$ per metric ton): Rice Emata Myanmar 25% 1991 crop $ 200 Long boiled 10% 1991 200 Pulses and Beans Black Matpe FAQ 1990 460 Butter Beans FAQ 1990 420 Sultapya Beans FAQ 1990 285 Pedesein Beans FAQ 1990 285 Peyin Beans Yellow FAQ 1990 250 (WPD 1/12) Jan. 22: Editorial: Missed opportunity in rice export [excerpts]. "Manipulations by avaricious traders and short-sightedness of gullible rice farmers resulted last year in opportunities being missed for the export of rice despite the existence of considerable foreign market demands. "Last year, purchases of rice by Trade continued right up to October even though the usual practise was to buy only up to the end of April. By so doing, Trade purchased over 1.1 million baskets of old stock paddy. "However...it was discovered that as much as 50,000 to 100,000 baskets of paddy remained unsold in a township.... The overall production is definitely better than that of last year. "The upshot of all this was that with the large amount of old stock remaining, the farmers are not able to find buyers even at the low price of K3000 per 100 baskets. It is worth noting that the price of K4000 per 100 baskets of Ngasein paddy bought by Trade is a great deal more than the K900 per 100 baskets offered in 1988. In fact, K4000...is a prime rate which would enable farmers to gain a nett profit of no less than K700 per acre. "Yet, avaricious traders employed many means to distabilize the market and gullible farmers were drawn into the trap. Tongue-in-cheek promises of unheard-of fabulous prices must have turned the head of many a farmer and persuaded them into holding on to their stock. "If only such stocks had been sold to the government in time last year, there would have been ample opportunity to satisfy foreign demands for Myanmar rice at premium prices. As it was, this opportunity was missed largely due to the manipulations by avaricious traders. We hope that the farmers too have learnt a lesson from this experience." (WPD 1/22) 28th Myanma Gems Emporium Jan. 2: 69 lots of gems and 280 kinds of jewellery have been sent by owners for sale at the 28th Myanma Gems Emporium, including 44 lots of rubies, 18 of sapphires, 5 of "Mogok multi-coloured gems", and 2 of diamonds; the deadline is Jan. 10. Last year, 13 lots of gems and 93 kinds of jewellery were submitted. (WPD 1/3) Jan. 24: Journalists visited the 28th Gems Emporium, which will be conducted from Jan. 28-Feb. 4. The following statistics were provided: Sales on behalf of private owners: 197 lots from 214 owners, for a total of US$1,719,983, including: 7 lots of jade (US$44,413); 1,012 kinds of jewellery (US$1,280,090); 97 strings of jade beads (US$ 12,740). Government (to be sold by competitive bidding): 93 lots of gems (reserve price US$7,163,963); 421 lots of jade (US$6,560,450); 385 lots of pearls (US$4,243,330); 4,897 jade carvings (US$276,463); and 4,173 items of jewelleries (US$3,497,632). Jade will be sold Jan. 28-31, gems Feb. 1-2, pearls Feb. 3-4, sale by competitive bidding to Diplomatic corps Feb. 5. 500 merchants of 235 companies from 18 countries are expected to attend. (WPD 1/25) Jan. 30: 28th Gems Emporium: More impressive than ever, by Maung Maung Aye. [Description of Emporium.] Jan. 30: So far, a total of US$ 5,643,093 [sic--our calculation is US$5,819,193-HCMacD.] has been realized at the Emporium, including 151 lots of jade for US$5,473,051, 211 pieces of jade jewellery for US$ 134,545, and 545 jade carvings for US$211,597. 444 gem merchants from 15 countries have arrived. (WPD 1/29-31) Gold Coins on Sale. New Stamp. Jan. 5: The sale of one tical, half tical, and quarter tical gold proof coins issued by the Central Bank of Myanmar began. "Personnel from embassies, tourists and those who hold US dollars legally bought the coins today, it is learnt." (WPD 1/6) Jan. 18: The one tical and half tical coins have been on sale, and the quarter tical gold proof coin [photo] will go on sale beginning Jan. 19. Authorized mintage of each denomination is 5000 coins. (WPD 1/ 19) Jan. 23: A 50-pya postage stamp will be issued beginning Jan. 26 to commemorate the 1991 Myanm Gems Emporium. (WPD 1/14) // Jan. 25: [picture of the stamp, showing the "NAWATA RUBY 496 Carets"] (WPD 1/25) Private Sector Activities Jan. 5: Workshop on Management and Finance for Private Business Enterprises 1/91 will be conducted in March 1991. Companies should register by Jan. 21. (WPD 1/6) Jan. 8: Training Course No. 5/91 on Overseas Skilled Workers began at the Vocational Training Centre; it will train "those who will go and work in Singapore under the agreement signed between the Labour Department and CDC Construction and Development Pte Ltd." (WPD 1/9) Jan. 10: The Ministry of Trade has published a Handbook on the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) 1990, and they are on sale at the book shops of the Stationery, Printing and Photographic Store Trading. "A large number of present and potential export items of Myanmar are covered by the GSP schemes...." (WPD 1/11) Jan. 22: Workshop No. 1/91 on Trade Matters for Private Entrepreneurs, which will last until Feb. 21, opened with 86 participants including 81 private entrepreneurs. (WPD 1/23) Census Planned Jan. 7: The Immigration and Manpower Department will conduct a census on "change in population and birthrate," with US$ 320,000 provided by the UN Fund for Population Activities. Training courses were conducted in November and December 1990. The enumeration will be carried out in 239 townships in January 1991. (WPD 1/8) "Yangon: Repairs; Water Rates." Jan. 6: "The State organizations, co-operative societies, offices and the private individuals in Yangon City Development area are to repair, renovate, extend and construct their buildings and houses only with the permission of Yangon City Development Committee. The permission of the YCDC Engineering Department is needed for the renovation, extension and construction of buildings and minor repairs are to be made with the permission of the Township Executive Officers concerned. The YCDC has issued a warning to the effect that anybody who fails to abide by the above-mentioned rules will be dealt with according to law." (WPD 1/9) Jan. 10: Yangon City Development Committee has announced new water rates, beginning April 1. The State spends K40 million a year on maintenance; it spend "about K50 million more in 1989-90." The new rate will be "K30 per month from private dwellings and flats, K15 per 1,000 gallons from government offices and buildings of organizations and K60 per 1,000 gallons from government and private economic enterprises." Public dwellings and flats within 300 feet of YCDC taps and hydrants will be taxed in accordance with the 1922 Municipal Act "although they do not use them." (WPD 1/11) Boat Construction Jan. 14: A 60-ton landing craft (Yehsingyi) built by Myanma Dockyards was handed over to the Inland Water Transport. The is the second such craft, and took four months to build. Three more are being built for the Yangon-Mandalay route, as well as an 18-knot coastal patrol boat for the Customs Department. (WPD 1/15) Tourist Charter Visit Jan. 25: 88 German tourists sponsored by Hapag Lloyd Touristik Services of Germany, arrived by charter airplane at 9:30, toured Yangon, and flew on to Kathmandu at 3:30. Hapag Lloyd has run this one-day charter twice a year since 1987. One or two visits are scheduled for 1992. (WPD 1/26) New Satellite Townships Jan. 27: State LORC Secretary (2) Maj-Gen. Tin Oo visited Hlinethaya Township [Yangon], and told residents that "they would render assistance as much as possible to those who have shifted to new places to enable them to overcome their difficulties, and that co-operative societies should undertake measures for opening more retail shops for poor families...." "About 3,000 people from over 500 households were allocated in Hlinethaya between 14 December 1990 and 25 January. Due to prior arrangements...water is available without difficulty.... The Secretary-2 said that the aim of shifting squatter huts to new towns was to make the Yangon City possess the characteristics of a metropolitan [sic], that there would be about 175,000 people in Hlinethaya and that it would be proper to upgrade the Hlinethaya hospital to a 200-bed hospital.... [He] inspected the newly constructed 25-bed hospital and the site chosen for building a 200-bed hospital." (WPD 1/28) Ground Satellite Stations Jan. 8: A satellite ground station was opened Jan. 4 at Haka, Chin State. (WPD 1/9) Jan. 29: Minister for Transport & Communications and for Social Welfare and for Labour Lt-Gen. Tin Tun inaugurated the Main Ground Satellite Station at the Toegyaungalay ground satellite station in Dagon Myothit (South). In his speech, he said that the satellite telephone communications system had been begun May 14, 1990, under a project to establish a telephone network in Hakha, Kale, Myitkyina, Bhamo, Muse, Lashio, Kengtung, Tachilek, Myeik [Mergui], Kawthoung, Myawady, and Hkamti Townships. Ground satellite stations were established Jan. 4, 1991, at Myitkyina and Hakha, and as of Jan. 28 at Yangon, Kale, Kengtung, Tachilek, Myeik, and Kawthoung Townships. They will be opened in February in Bhamo, Muse, Lashio, Myawady, and Hkamti Townships. The ASIASAT-1 satellite is being used for the television program, and materials from China were installed Jan. 18. The cost of the system has been K165.9 million. (WPD 1/30) Jan. 30: Ground satellite stations were inaugurated Jan. 29 in Kengtung and Tachilek. (WPD 1/30) Rainfall in Yangon Rainfall since January 1, 1990, in inches, at Yangon's three weather stations of Yangon Airport (YA), Kaba-Aye (KA), and Central Yangon (CY) was: As of YA KA CY January 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 January 15 0 00 0.00 0.00 January 30 0.00 0.00 0.00 HEALTH Annual Medical Conference Jan. 17: The 37th Medical Conference of the Myanmar Naing-Ngan Medical Association opened at the Association office on Theinbyu St. Present were Myanmar officials, the resident representatives of UNDP, WHO, and UNICEF, and a delegation from the Thai Medical Association headed by Dr. Terra Rama Soota. The conference will last until Jan. 21, and 36 papers will be presented. (WPD 1/17) AIDS Training Course Jan. 29: A training course on AIDS Control Work, jointly sponosred by the AIDS Control Body of the Tatmadaw and the Health Department, opened at the Central Medical Depot in Mingaladon. Present were Director of Medical Services Brig-Gen. Kyaw Win, Deputy Director Lt-Col. Tin Thein Lwin, Commandant of the Defence Services General Hospital and Orthopaedic Hospital Col. Than Zin, Commandant of No. 2 Military Hospital (500-bed) Lt-Col. Tun Sein, medical specialists from Medical Battalions in Yangon, Mingaladon, and Hmawby, etc. (WPD 1/30) SPORTS Traditional Sports Events Jan. 8: The First Myanmar Traditional Thaing, Karatedo and Taekwando contests for the Police Director-General's Shield were held. (WPD 1/9) Jan. 15: The finals of the Inter-township Karatedo contests for the Yangon LORC Chairman's Shied were held. (WPD 1/16) Foreign Sports Teams Jan. 24: Women's basketball and volleyball teams from Yunnan Province, China, will arrive at the end of the month, and play friendly matches in Yangon (Feb. 8,9,11), Mandalay, Lashio, and Sagaing. (WPD 1/25) CULTURAL Literary Articles Jan. 6,13,20: Myanmar Proverbs, by Dr. U Hla Pe. [Cont. (90-92)] Jan. 6,13,20,27: Foundations of Myanmar Culture. Myanmar Literature & the ten major Jatakas, by Hnaphet Hla. [Cont. The Temiya Jataka or Ten Major Jatakas. (24-27)] Jan. 6,13,20,27: 20th Century Myanmar Poets & Poems, by Htila Sitthu. [Cont. (63-65) Poet Budalin Chit Lay: Ten selected poems {poems in Myanmar}. (66) Poet Gon Win: His life and times.] Jan. 6,13,20,27: Short Stories. [(1-4) Cont. "Nga Ba" by Maung Htin. (1-3) "The story of a psychopath" by Htin Lin. (3) "Performing arts" by Pe Than. (4) "Strategy" by Htin Lin.] Jan. 6,13,20,27: Poems on ancient Bagan, by Zawgyi, in Myanmar and English. [Cont. (19 pt 2) "Bagan period Sapada." (20 3 pts) "Art at Nandamannya."] Historical & Cultural Articles Jan. 10,17: The Cultural Theatre, a symbol of good neighbourly and friendly relations between the Union of Myanmar and the People's Republic of China, by Ye Myint Pe. [Cont. (2) History of construction. (3) Description.] SLORC Religious Activities Throughout January, there continued numerous articles reporting donations by SLORC and military personnel to pagodas, etc., including State LORC Chairman Senior General Saw Maung. Extensive coverage was given to Buddhist religious ceremonies, processions conveying historic Buddha images, etc. Photographs Donated Jan. 1: U Htin Gyi (Writer Tekkatho Htin Gyi) donated over 30,000 historical photographs and negatives to the Defence Services Historical Research Institute. (WPD 1/2) Buddhism to be Taught in Schools Jan. 3: Yangon LORC Chairman Maj-Gen. Myo Nyunt met with basic education headmasters and headmistresses "to discuss measures for conducting Buddhist culture courses at schools beginning from 1991-92 academic year." He said: "I want to assign to you a duty for the revitalization of our culture which is on the wane. The duty is no other than teaching courses on Buddhist culture. It is now the time for us to pay great attention to resurrect our customs and to cherish our culture. One of the reasons that our culture has waned is the teachers and students' lack of performance in their respective duties. "It is known to all that the Congregation of Sangha of All Orders was held in 1980 for the purification, perpetuation and propagation of the Sasana. All possible ways and means is to be applied for the youths to cherish our culture. "In teaching and training the students to observe customs and mores, athe teachers are to give guidance not only on their mode of dress but also on their thinking. It is also the duty of teachers to make the students come to possess sense of patriotism and to have discipline. "Our country will teach Buddhist culture at schools beginning from 1991-92 academic year. It is necessary for you to read and collect books. We will make arrangements to open instructor courses. I call on you to give frank suggestions for the successful opening of the courses." Maj-Gen. Myo Nyunt distributed over 1,000 copies of Hnalonhla Wut Yutsin, published by the Yangon Command. In closing, he said: "I would like you to consider that you have a duty to inculcate in students the love for the culture, for preservation of our culture and race." (WPD 1/4) Religious Exams Jan. 9: The Religious Affairs Department will simultaneously hold the Dhammacariya and Pathamabyan examinations in various places beginning Mar. 25, 1991. (WPD 1/10) Jan. 12: The 25th Thudhamma Nikaya Vinaya oral exams for 7 townships in Hanthawady Twp. began. (WPD 1/13) Medical Institutes Reopen Jan. 10: The Institutes of Medicine and the Institute of Dental Medicine will reopen Jan. 15. Courses to be reopened are Second MBBS (Senior) (5/87), Third MBBS (11/97), and Final MBBS Part (A) 11/87) of the Institutes of Medicine and Fourth BDS (Senior) (5/87) and Fifth BDS (11/87) of the Institute of Dental Medicine. Altogether, 107 students will attend the Institute of Dental Medicine, 909 the Insitute of Medicine-1 at Lanmadaw, and 378 the Institute of Medicine-2 at Mingaladon. They are to report by Jan. 13. (WPD 1/11) Jan. 14: Speaking to incoming students, Rector of the Institute of Medicine 2 Dr. Ko Lay noted that "at present only three classes will be opened and that the students of these three classes are to appear in the examinations to be held in April this year." He noted the very extensive work for renovation of the Institute that had been accomplished, involving spending K20-30 million in only two weeks, as proof of the priority being given to education. "Therefore, the students are not to get involved in matters that do not concern them and not to get interested in them. They were to pursue education peacefully and joyfully, the Rector said." A total of 378 students (105 in 2nd MB,BS (Senior); 114 in 3rd MB,BS; and 159 in Final MB,BS (Part A)) will attend this year. (WPD 1/15) Jan. 15: Speaking to incoming students, Rector Dr. Maung Maung Sein of Institute of Medicine 1 said "When we were students, the Institute used to be one of the top medical schools of the world. Some students from foreign countries apply for having a chance to study at the institute and they even include countries from developed western countries [sic]. I am telling you this because I want you to realize that the education provided here meets the world standard...." A total of 864 students will attend this year (260 in 2nd MBBS (5/87); 334 in Final Part 1 MBBS (11/87); and 270 in 3rd MBBS (11/87) classes). (WPD 1/16) Jan. 15: Speaking to incoming students, Rector Dr. Khin Maung Lay of the Institute of Dental Medicine said that "students were expected to expose in time any kind of disturbance which may crop up; the teachers to keep a vigil and prevent such disturbances; and the parents on their part were to protect their children from political influences which were likely to stir up and agitate the students." A total of 88 students are attending this year (37 in 4th BDS (5/87) and 51 in 5th BDS (11/87) classes). (WPD 1/16) Jan. 18: Addressing students at the Mandalay Institute of Medicine on Jan. 15, Mandalay LORC Chairman Maj-Gen. Tun Kyi that "every one should love each other and be friendly and that if democracy was to be attained there should be discipline." He added that the "State did not ignore the role of the students and wanted the students to know its attitude towards them, that they would render every assistance for the peaceful pursuance of education for the students and that the students should carry on with their studies peacefully." (WPD 1/18) Jan. 22: Post-graduate medical courses for the 1990-91 academic year will open Feb. 1, at the Institute of Medicine 1, Institute of Medicine 2, and the Mandalay Institute of Medicine. (WPD 1/23) Examinations Set Jan. 11: The Yangon Division Youth Affairs Evening Schools 9th Standard 1991 examinations will be held Mar. 18-23, 1991. (WPD 1/12) Jan. 23: The entrance examination for the B.Ed. one-year course will be held Mar. 18-23; applications should be received by Feb. 4. (WPD 1/24) Supplication by Sayadaw Jan. 18: At the opening of the 25th Sudhammanikaya Vinaya Examination of Seven Townships in Hantharwady Township Zone on Jan. 12, Joint Secretary 1 of the State Sangha Maha Nayaka Committee Agga Maha Pandita Bhaddanta Vanasiri made ovadikatha as follows [excerpts]: "Only when the Vinaya Dhamma is observed by the lajji (modest) bhikkhus, will the Sasana exist, but if it is observed by alijji (bad-conducted and shameless) bhikkhus, the Sasana will not exist for long.... [Thus] only the lajji bhikkhus who are well-versed in the Vinaya Dhamma will actually protect the Sasana.... A shameless alijji bhikkhu, committed [violated?--HCM] the Vinana disciplinary rules, knowing that it should not be done so, he, after committing the Vinaya offense, keeps it to himself and does not confess it to any other bhikkhus, and he pursues a wrong course of conduct in Vinaya judgements and distribution of offertories [sic], etc.... According to Vinayasangaha Atthaktha alajji bhikkhu should be suppressed because an alajji bhikkhu can produce one hundred alajji bhikkhus--Evam eko alajji alajjistampi Karati. Indeed, it is necessary to suppress alajji bhikkhus; we all hand in hand have to decrease such alajji bhikkhus.... "You all know that the main tasks of bhikkhus and samaneras are to study Pitaka Canonical texts (Ganthadhura) and to be engaged in meditation (Vipassanadhura) without regarding these two noble duties we should not be engaged in any other worldly affairs. In 1988 disturbances of Myanmar Naing-Ngan, some bhikkhus and samaneras were involved in such worldly and administrative affairs as the accepting of TV sets and other utensils from thieves, seizing of heroin and other narcotic drugs, passing judgements of divorce-case like the judges in law-courts, etc. Indeed, these performances are actually dealing with the offence of Second Parajika Sikkhapada, they are only concerned with the government officials and administrators. "The Venerable Manlei Sayadawgyi gave a serious instruction about this matter: `If the bhikkhus, without fulfilling the two duties--Ganthadhura and Vipassanadhura and living a life of alajji, follow the ways of government officials and administrators, their observance of sila-morality will fade away and disappear.' "It is unpleasant to know that some young bhikkhus and samanera of these days do not pay due regards to elder ones and Maha Theras who dare not to admonish them.... In some regions, they refuse to obey their elder bhikkhus and presiding sayadaws of the monastery and they even returned them with violent actions. Such a case actually arose in Kyauktan Township, it would be a wonder if you know that. No one can deny the fact that some of the younger ones are now devoid of obedience and obeisance." [Lord Buddha's instruction that "in this Sasana, paying due respect to one another should be in accordance with the seniority of the monkhood...."] (WPD 1/18) MISCELLANEOUS Crime News Names and addresses of culprits generally included. Dec. 31: The Yangon anti-drug squad on Dec. 12 seized 2.9 gram of heroin from Kyaw Min (a) Ronald at a water fountain in Mingala Taungnyunt Twp.; investigation led to the arrest of 7 others. (WPD 1/1) Jan. 2: The Mandalay anti-drug squad on Dec. 15 seized 1.8 kilos of "Chuhnakaung Kabalon" brand heroin from a woman on the Lashio-Pyin-Oo-Lwin bus; she was booked. On Dec. 25 they seized 1.6 kilos of heroin in Mandalay from a bicycle rider, and another 0.7 kilos at the Latha Guest House; 2 men were booked. (WPD 1/3) Jan. 4: The Yangon anti-drug squad and special squad on Dec. 23 seized 2.8 kilos of marijuana and booked 3 men. (WPD 1/5) Jan. 9: Yangon Railway Police on Jan. 1 seized 8.6 kilos of marijuana from a woman on the incoming Shwenyaung-Yangon train. (WPD 1/10) Jan. 10: The Kale anti-drug squad on Dec. 29 seized 307 bottles of 125-ML phensedyl from a motor vehicle at Kyigon village, Kale Twp., and booked two persons. (WPD 1/11) Jan. 12: The Yangon anti-drug squad on Jan. 4 seized 1.4 kilos of heroin in two houses in Dawbon Twp., and booked 3 people. (WPD 1/13) Jan. 14: The Kale anti-drug squad on Nov. 29 seized a total of 0.20 kilos of heroin in Tamu [Sagaing] and booked four people. (WPD 1/15) Jan. 17: Hline Twp. [Yangon] police seized .0049 kilos of heroin and K2,626 from two houses on Jan. 12, and booked 9 pushers and users. (WPD 1/18) Jan. 18: The Yangon anti-drug squad on Jan. 14 seized 0.26 kilos of heroin at the Fu Qing Restaurant in Thingangyunn St., Tarmway Twp., and booked three people. (WPD 1/19) Jan. 19: Aung Kyaw Soe (19) was arrested for the Jan. 18 murder of Sayadaw U Vilasa (68) (48 vasa) a monk who lived alone meditating in a monastery near Sein-le-kantha Lake at the southern entrance of the compound of the Kyaikkasan Zedi, Thingangyun Twp. [Yangon]. He was strangled and beaten to death when he refused to hand over money, received for the general renovation of the Kyaikkasan Zedi, to the murderer, who had frequently visited him. K16,963 was recovered. [photo] (WPD 1/20) Jan. 23: The Bahann Twp. [Yangon] crime squad on Dec. 5 arrested a burglar who had broken into a home on Aug. 24, stealing K760,300 worth of jewellery and gold. He was arrested while gambling with money from the proceeds of 20 burglaries in Yangon and Mandalay. 33 ticals of gold and 28 carats of diamonds were recovered. (WPD 1/24) Jan. 26: The Lashio anti-drug squad on Jan. 8 seized 0.73 kilos of Chinthe Hnakaung Kabalon brand heroin in Lashio; 5 persons were booked. (WPD 1/27) Jan. 30: the Yangon anti-drug squad on Jan. 22 seized 68.4 grams of heroin in Hline Twp., and a woman was booked. (WPD 1/31) Obituaries [English language obituaries only; there are occasional obituaries in Burmese as well.] Jan. 1: Daw Khin Ma Ma Gyi, (Pyun-ta-za), widow of U Han Tin,, died in Yangon, aged 72. (WPD 1/2) Jan. 2: Sayadaw Bhaddanta Teza Maha Thera, Patron Sayadaw of the Kainggon Pali Tekkatho Kyaungtaik, Kayan, and member of the State Central Working Committee of Sangha, died, aged 80, vassa 60. (WPD 1/3) Jan. 4: Mrs. V. Joseph, Kalaw, Ex-teacher, widow of Mr. R. Joseph, died, aged 69. [Christian] (WPD 1/6) Jan. 9: Sithu U Ba Maung Chain, B.Sc. (Engg.) London; M.IE., M.I. Struct. E.M.R. San, I, (Eng) Imperial Service Engineer, Retd. Chief Engineer (Public Works), husband of Sithu Mrs. Ba Maung Chain, died in Yangon, aged 91. [Christian] (WPD 1/ 8) Jan. 13: Maryam Begum, widow of Aga Syed Abdul Hosain Isfahani, died in Yangon, aged 83. [Shiah Muslim] (WPD 1/16) Jan. 14: Major R.E. Twidale (Rtd), (Johnny) BC 5021, husband of Daw Aye Nyunt (Joan), died in Yangon, aged 81. [Christian] (WPD 1/16) Jan. 24: Daw Surinder Kaur (a) Daw Bi Bi, Pathein, widow of Pretam Singh, died in Yangon, aged 63. [Hindu] (WPD 1/25) Jan. 26: Mrs. Mary Rose Paul (nee) Dragon, widow of Mr. Hoysious Paul, died in Madras, India, aged 91. (WPD 1/28) Jan. 27: Daw Khin Si (a) Amar Sagaing, wife of U Nyunt Sein, died in Baukhtaw, aged 67. [Christian] (WPD 1/29) Jan. 28: Miss Gladys James (late of Construction Corp.), daughter of the late Mr. R.V. James of Mawlamyine, died in Yangon, aged 66. [Christian] (WPD 1/30) Car Accidents Dec. 31: One person was injured in a three-car crash on Anawrahta St., Yangon. [photos] (WPD 1/1) Jan. 7: In Yangon City, in 1981, there were 2,598 car accidents, causing 268 deaths and 1,792 injuries. In 1990, there were only 1,020 accidents, causing 130 deaths and 1,342 injuries. (WPD 1/8) Jan. 27: "The number of road accidents decreased by more than half in 1990 compared to the past decade and this is due to observance of rules by the drivers and travelling public as well as enforcement of traffic rules, it is learnt." (WPD 1/28) Fires in November Jan. 2: There were 97 fires in Myanmar in November 1990, resulting in 2 deaths and 3 injuries, the destruction of 282 houses and 2 mills, K 3.13 million in damage, and 1,145 people left homeless. Of these, 86 were due to negligence. (WPD 1/3) "Narcotics: 1990 Stats; Other." Jan. 8: In 1990 narcotics drugs worth US$ 1,820,824,718 [New York street value] were publicly destroyed in Myanmar. On Feb. 13, at the Aungthabye Ye Yeiktha on Kyaikwaing Pagoda Road, Yangon, narcotics worth US$ 418,020,145 were destroyed, including 209.2 kilos of heroin, 14.8 kilos of opium oil, 2.4 kilos of liquid opium, and 54.4 kilos [sic] of phensedyl. On Apr. 30, narcotics worth US$ 503,916,195 were destroyed, including 251.4 kilos of heroin, 10.4 kilos of opium oil, 16.7 kilos of liquid opium, 826.8 kilos of marijuana, and 5295.5 litres of phensedyl. On Nov. 26, narcotics worth US$ 398,768,374 were destroyed, including 165.3 kilos of heroin, 11.5 kilos of opium oil, 85.7 kilos of liquid opium, 1198.5 kilos of marijuana, and 5601.3 litres of phensedyl. On Nov. 22, "under a special arrangement" at Laukkai village, Kokang region, narcotics worth US$ 500,120,000 were destroyed, including 110 kilos of heroin, 147 kilos of morphine, 98 kilos of opium, chemicals and paraphernalia. Also during 1990, soldiers and police destroyed 49.96 acres poppy fields worth US$316,695, thus preventing production of 0.219 tons of opium, including 35.32 acres in Shan State and 14.64 acres in Chin State. Between Jan. 1-Dec. 31, 1990, anti-narcotics Operations Ye Min Aung Phase III, IV, and V, and Gonmin Phase I and II were carried out. The Tatmadaw seized narcotics worth US$5,532,522, including 51.8 kilos of heroin, 4.7 kilos of morphine base, 998.2 kilos of raw opium, 35.1 kilos of marijuana, 68.5 litres of phensedyl, and 421.8 gallons of chemicals. The Police seized narcotics worth US$10,728,777, including 191.1 kilos of heroin, 3.7 kilos of opium base, 927.9 kilos of morphine base, 780.4 kilos of raw opium, 0.9 kilo of raw opium powder, 1,777.1 litres of phensedyl, 3,381 tablets of methaqualone, 752 bottles of comethazine, and 24,033 Chinese cough tablets. Action was taken against 8,952 persons, in 6,396 cases, under the 1974 Narcotics Drug Law. (WPD 1/9) Jan. 22: The Hakha Twp. [Chin] anti-drug squad on Jan. 1-2 destroyed 8.14 acres of opium poppy 3 miles SE of Phaingpha village. (WPD 1/23) Jan. 29: State LORC Secretary (1) Maj-Gen. Khin Nyunt visited anti-narcotics activities in Kokang and Mongko regions Jan 27-28, accompanied by Myanmar and foreign newsmen, UNFDAC, UNICEF, WHO, FAO, and UNDP officials, and representatives of the US Drug Enforcement Administration. Speaking in Nyophyinsipa village in the Kokang region, Kokang leader U Hpon Kyar Shin said [excerpt]: "A total of 1,500 acres of opium plantations, which stretch from Chinshwehaw to Yanmayshurapa (milepost number 19) will be destroyed in 1991. Measures are to be taken for the livelihood of 2,800 people in the area. Plans have been made for the destruction of 2,500 acres of opium poppy plantations which stretch from milepost number 19 to Yanlongkyaing in Laukkai area in 1992. There are 6,200 people in the area. We are to destroy heroin and morphine base, chemicals and three opium refineries at Mongko on 28-1-91. We will eradicate narcotic drugs with the help of the Government and foreign organizations...." Maj-Gen. Khin Nyunt said that "K120 million, including K38.95 million in Kokang area, was spent from the border areas and national races development funds.... If the expenditure incurred by the respective Ministries are added, then the total amount spent is over K186 million ...." On Jan. 27 the party attended a ceremony for the destroying of the 1,500 acres of poppy, which would have produced 6,600 kilos of raw opium or 600 kilos of heroin worth US street value US$1,584 million. On Jan. 28 it attended a ceremony destroying 3 opium refineries near Haymoelon village and Mongko in Western Thanlwin River. 79 kilos of heroin, 16 kilos of raw opium, 4 kilos of brown opium, 5.5 litres of opium oil, 600 kilos of morphine base (40%), 0.25 tons of opium residue, etc., worth US$581 million, were destroyed. (WPD 1/30) Jan. 30: State LORC Secretary (1) Maj-Gen. Khin Nyunt, in Mongko on Jan. 28, heard a summary of narcotics destruction statistics. He returned to Yangon Jan. 30. (WPD 1/31) Engagements & Marriages Jan. 10: Maung Tin Shwe (a) Suresh, B.Sc. (Botany) (Q), son of U P.R. Raju and Dar Arthi Lachmi, married Ma Yu Yu Moe (a) Dolly, 2nd yr. (Botany), daughter of U Peter Khin Maung (a) B. Krishna and Daw Hla Kyi, in Mandalay. (WPD 1/24) Jan. 12: Ma Ei Ei Tin Aung, daughter of U Tin Aung and Daw Khin Mya became engaged to Mg Min Thant Tun (3rd MBBS IM(1)), son of Prof. Dr. Kyaw Myint Tun and Daw Myint Myint Win. (WPD 1/13) Earthquakes Jan. 17: An earthquake of slight intensity was recorded at 09:40:08 hours M.S.T. on Jan. 17, 1991, with epicentre about 150 miles north of Mandalay. (WPD 1/18) Jan. 23: An earthquake of moderate intensity (5.5 Richter scale) was recorded at 12:39:36 on Jan. 23, with epicentre about 125 miles north of Mandalay. (WPD 1/24) Jan. 27: An earthquake of moderate intensity (5.4 Richter scale) was recorded at 23:54:46 M.S.T. on Jan. 26, 1991, with epicentre about 170 miles north of Katha [Sagaing]. 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MacDougall (not Burma Press Summary). ------- Burma Press Summary No. 47, Jan. 1991Hugh C. MacDougall 06/09/9601/14/89s