89-03 BURMA PRESS SUMMARY (from the WORKING PEOPLE'S DAILY) Vol. III, No. 3, March 1989 +-+-+-+-+ Table of Contents POLITICAL CRISIS Political Slogans 2 Political Articles (Excerpts) 2 Students Returned Home 5 Press Conferences 5 Detainees Released 11 Student Disturbances 11 ELECTIONS Party Registrations & Changes 12 Draft Election Law (Summary) 20 Party Signboards Ordered 20 Party Internal Affairs 21 DIPLOMATIC Diplomatic Calls 21 Ambassador to Laos 22 Hungarian Ambassador Approved 22 Ambassador to China Named 22 Seoul Embassy Opened 22 Ambassador to Australia 22 Ambassador to Korea Named 22 Ambassador to Hungary Named 22 Turkish Ambassador Arrives 22 Ambassador to Indonesia 22 INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION Aid to Mergui Fire Victims 22 Australian Election Aid 22 FOREIGN VISITORS Thai Delegation Leaves 23 Thai Education Delegation 23 Thai Agriculture Minister 23 Thai Delegation 23 Thai Military Delegation 23 UNDP Regional Director 23 Maldive Delegation 23 WHO Regional Director 23 BURMESE DELEGATIONS Return from Hirohito Funeral 23 Red Cross Delegation 23 BURMA GAZETTE Probationary Appointments 23 Appointments 23 GOVERNMENT Union Day Message 24 Civil Service Wage Raise 24 Tax Law Changes 25 1989-90 Budget 25 Saw Maung Speech 28 Armed Forces Day Celebration 29 New Rangoon Street Names 29 MILITARY Donations to Military 30 Insurgent Attacks 30 Insurgents Surrender 31 Annual Military Summary 31 Mawhpoke Camp Captured 32 ECONOMIC Forest Protection 33 Fisheries Development 33 Import/Export Registrations 33 Company Registrations 33 Gems Emporium 33 Shan Bus Fares 34 Burmese Teak 34 First Private Export 35 Rice Marketing Committee 35 Trains Refurbished 35 New Pedestrian Overpasses 35 Rainfall in Rangoon 35 HEALTH Indigenous Medical Plants 35 Dental Council Law 35 Sex Change Operation 36 CULTURAL Konbaung Period Writers 36 Religious Examinations 36 Burmese Painting 36 Burmese Arts 37 Play a Success 37 Bells of Burma 37 Toungoo TV Extended 37 Newspaper Circulation 37 MISCELLANEOUS Crime News 37 Crimes of Disturbance Era 38 Obituaries 38 Fires 38 Garden Series 39 Monywa Centenary 39 Happy Birthday, Nai Pan Hla 39 Marriage 39 Fishermen Rescued 39 +-+-+-+-+ Includes all February issues missing in last issue (Feb. 12, 24-28), and Selected materials from issues of Oct. 12 and Dec. 4, 1988. Mar. 30 issue Missing. +-+-+-+-+ POLITICAL CRISIS Political Slogans The political slogans quoted in the November issue continued to appear in each issue of WPD throughout March. Political Articles (Excerpts) Following the pattern begun in October, each issue contains lengthy feature articles, translated from Burmese, designed to bolster government views and policies. We note them briefly, with excerpts of particularly significant portions, but can provide copies if needed: Oct. 12, 1988: Affairs of State worthy of exaltation, by Maung Ya-hta Bu-ta. [Army should stay out of politics, but should concern itself with affairs of State, as it did when it intervened in Sept.] Dec. 4, 1988: The Pyithu Tatmadaw which always serves the interests of the people, by Shwe Wah Kye. [Army should be supported by all.] Feb. 12: Opening Up to the World. [Full text of article on Burma, entitled "Will Burma Change: Rangoon's Rulers Try to Win Trust," from the Feb. 3 issue of Asiaweek.] Feb. 12: A Tradition of National Solidarity with the Shan States, by [Dr.] Thein Than Tun. [History of Shan/Burmese cooperation since 1405 AD.] Feb. 12: Fron the indigenous people's anti-imperialist struggle towards steadfast perpetuity of the Union, by Maung Thawmana. [Indigenous races' support for freedom since 1824.] Feb. 12: Three Main Tasks to be Performed together with Tatmadawmen, by Maung Lay Lar. [History of Tatmadaw: tasks are to prevent disintegration of the Union, and of national solidarity, and to perpetuate the sovereignty of the State.] Feb. 24,27: "We fear our race may become extinct", by Myo Chit Thu. [cont.: (5) Anti-foreigner operations after 1963--but number of foreigners still increasing, viz: 1963 1973 1983 Indians 690,000 820,000 l,060,000 Chinese 180,000 220,000 230,000 other Foreign 50,000 60,000 70,000 Vigilance against illegal foreigners, and against illegal grants of citizenship, needed. "Race will not disappear...but our race will become extinct if it is swallowed by human beings. Let us prevent this danger." (6) Foreigner problem does not interfere with Burma's traditionally friendly relations with its neighbors. Feb. 24-25,27-28, Mar. 1-26: History in review, by A Researcher. [cont.: (2) Establishment of socialism by Bogyoke Aung San and U Nu. (3) BCP expelled from AFPFL and goes underground. (4) Asian socialist congress in Rangoon in 1953. (5) AFPFL split of 1958, and postponement of election. (6) Text of 1958 U Nu letter calling on Gen. Ne Win to take control, and Gen. Ne Win's acceptance. (7) Gen. Ne Win and the Caretaker government. (8) Gen. Ne Win's support for free elections in 1959. (9) Gen. Ne Win's 1959 Government crushes insurgents. (10) Communist anti-Buddhism; 1960 free and fair elections. (11) Power struggles and massacre in 1961. (12) Federal proposals, and the Panglong Agreement. (13) Panglong Agreement cont.; 1961 declaration of Buddhism. (14) Insurrection and leadership struggles in 1961-62. (15) Shan Constitutional proposals of 1959; (16) 1959 agreement between Shan State and the Sawbwas {facsimile}. (17) 1959 pensions to Sawbwas. (18) Review of Shan insurgencies to 1957. (19) Shan insurgencies to 1962. (20) Shan demands, 1962. (21) Text of Sino-Burmese Friendship and Non-aggression Treaty of 1960. (22) NATO, SEATO, CENTO), and the Principles of Peaceful Co-existence. (23) Bandung Conference of 1955. (24) Text of Bandung Conference Communique and documents. (25) Texts, cont. (26) Texts, cont.; Mar. 1, 1962 speech on minority discontent and the federalist danger by Widura Thakin Chit Maung. (27) Speech cont. (28) Conclusion of speech and response. (29) Debate cont. (30) Debate cont. (31) Summary and bibliography.] Feb. 25: The noble principle of the Pyithu Tatmadaw, by Maung Dawna. [Army's duty to step in when necessary.] Mar. 1: Environmental sanitation, community participation & social benefit, by Dr. Nyi Win Hman, Ph.D. [Government sanitation programs.] Mar. 2: Let's mind our own business, by Chipartha and Pakhantha. [Burmese democracy is like a recovering invalid; it should not eat like a glutton.] Mar. 2: Vital role of peasants, by Po Taungthu. [Peasants are supported by Government, and so should work hard.] Mar. 3: Always dutiful, by Lay Lay. [Burma Army resisted Japanese in 1942 and did not wait until Allied victory was clear to rise against fascism; it saved country in 1958; the Tatmadaw "are true and faithful friends."] Mar. 4,11: Thitsar-Myitta Discussions: To printers and publishers, by Byamaso. [Survey of laws against illegal printing of pamphlets, censorship requirements, laws banning pornography, etc.] Mar. 4: Proud emblem of national solidarity and freedom, by A K Kyaw. [The 1974 Burmese national flag, to which respect is due.] Mar. 6: "No need to heed any mangy dog's words in talking unity among nationalities", by Myan-ma-pyi-tha. [A Kachin rejected British efforts to sabotage Panglong Conference in 1947.] Mar. 7: Always one with the people, by R Zatu. [Army united with people.] Mar. 7: "Would like to Appeal to the People", by Chipartha and Pakhantha. ["Democracy is essential. But, it alone doesn't work... What is important is--for whom the democracy is? For whose intersts will it bring about? Who will use the democratic freedom for whose well-being?" Democracy is a container; what is contained, the "ism", is equally important.] Mar. 8: Down with lawlessness, by Myanma Pyitha. [Bad manners in Rangoon public housing.] Mar. 9: Partiality in goodwill, by Maung Ye Aung. [Why does US support Venezuela's suppression of violence, while imposing sanctions on other countries doing the same thing?] Mar. 9: To perceive the law of nature, by Myo Myanma. [Youths demanding democracy don't know what it is.] Mar. 9: To friends of Burma, by Maung Ye Mon. [Youths blindly accept anarchism and counter-revolutionary activities as revolutionary.] Mar. 10: International hegemonism should be ended, by Myo Htet. [Some big powers have abandoned hegemonism and are striving to introduce a just and fair international political and economic system, as in "a South-East Asian country." {presumably Cambodia--HCMacD}. But a big power interfered with Burma by "instigating the Burmese people to fight for democracy through available means." and by "stopping aid as a punishment as well as by urging its allies not to give recognition."] Mar. 10: Let's continue to uphold the good tradition, by Kyaw Aye Tun. [Students should continue the traditions of the 1938 student strike, etc., by "unitedly taking part in the construction activities of the State..."] Mar. 11: Physical and mental courage, by Kyaw Zeya. [True courage is directed towards societal needs.] Mar. 12: Anti-fascist struggle and their views, by Shwewa Kyai. [Burma Army anti-fascist from the start.] Mar. 13,14: Let's look forward to national politics, by San Linn (Mandalay). [Dangers of anarchistic demands of some Parties. LORC is a model government. Suggestions for reducing prices should be constructive.] Mar. 13: In practising democracy, by Bo Thanmani. [Only with respect for law can democracy be attained; Army and LORC should be supported.] Mar. 13: People's Tatmadaw and its better traditions, by Nyein Than Thu. [Army has long preserved national unity and independence.] Mar. 15: Keep fighting the scourge of drugs, by R Zatu. [Although Burma does more than most countries in fighting narcotics, it should do more.] Mar. 16: Write and broadcast with consideration, by Maung Ye Mon. [Salman Rushdie and John Tower cases raise free speech questions. Rushie's book caused violence in many countries. One has the right to write freely but should consider hurt to others; "only writings which effect nobody should be desirous." John Tower was rejected "due to the whispering campaign that [he] is alcoholic and sex fiend or debauchee as well as...the stories of his corruptions and tales of his grafts." Freedom of speech "harmed the life and prestige of a person to a considerable extent." If even powerful countries can be hurt by irresponsible speech and writing, how much more must Burma be. On Mar. 14, the VOA broadcast that "thousands" of people demonstrated on the anniversary of the fall of a student; why did it exaggerate the attendance of about 1,000 people? "These unscrupulous acts should be put to a stop."] Mar. 17: The Pyithu Tatmadaw for the people, by Kyi Thein Oo. [Quotes from Bogyoke Aung San (1947), Gen. Ne Win (1962), and Gen. Saw Maung (1986) on the Army and the people.] Mar. 17: Commission on Human Rights decision in connection with Burma, by Mya Win. [Burma supported the UN Commission on Human Rights decisions on Burma {details and Burmese response outlined}, but Sen. Moynahan called for aid suspension "until and unless the Government had successfully restored democracy in the country." Why can't he accept Burma as others do?] Mar. 17: Everlasting loyalty, by Mun Soe Han. [TV play, entitled Htawara Thitsa {Everlasting Loyalty}, about students who absconded to the KNU, to be shown Mar. 18.] Mar. 19: Tatmadaw and its heavy duties, by Ko Soe. [Army is saving the country from disintegration.] Mar. 20-21: To India and back, by Raul Htan Maurieh. [He spent 130 days as political refugee in India and describes mistreatment of Burmese students by Indians.] Mar. 21: The lessons to be learnt from Venezuela, a developing democratic nation, by Maung Ye Aung. [Venezuela, richer than Burma, practised democracy and an open economy, but nevertheless suffered economic hardship and violence because of pressure from creditor-capitalists.] Mar. 21: Editorial, Ignorance is no excuse. Some students seem proud of using word "underground", but "underground movement amounts to committing High Treason and rebellion against the State." Student ignorance of the law is no excuse. "The Government will see to it that existing laws, rules and regulations are enforced." Mar. 22: We, the silent majority, by Maung Maung Wa. [Burmese character, as seen by foreigners; why Burmese support the government.] Mar. 22: Tatmadaw representing the State and its citizen, by Maung Seinn Aye. [Army has always repre-sented the people.] Mar. 23-24: On behalf of 40 million citizens of Burma, by A Doctor. [Denounces celebration of disturbance anniversaries; "the number of Tatmadawmen who fell is many times greater than the number of students who fell during the disturbances."] Mar. 23: Traditional culture, human rights, and law, by Nay Balu. [Burmese human rights must comform to Buddhist culture; thus nudism is not a right to be imported to Burma. State LORC Ordinance 2/88 will one day be withdrawn; Sec. 144 of the Penal Code, promulgated May 1, 1861 under the British, will remain, though some parties will try to withdraw it.] Mar. 24: Fine traditions of Tatmadaw made into a film, by Maung Pyi Hlaing. [Two-part film: Pt. I, made in 1985, on Army's role 1942-48; Pt. II, just finished, on Army's role in 1988.] Mar. 24: The Tatmadaw always safeguarding the State and the people, by Khin Maung Yin. [Armed Forces Day (Mar. 27) and the Army's history.] Mar. 24: The BBC & the VOA, spreaders of false news, by A Listener. [VOA and BBC continue broadcasting distortions, as in their Mar. 21 accounts of Rangoon student demonstration; "Not only the VOA and the BBC but also the All India Radio is also broadcasting dirty and evil news maliciously".] Mar. 25: People's Tatmadaw which is noble and has goodwill, by Maung Lu Htet. [Army history, with quotes from Gen. Ne Win and Gen. Saw Maung.] Mar. 25-27: The Tatmadaw one with the people, by Shwe Wa Kyai. [Army history.] Mar. 26: People's sons, People's strength, by Nawng Cho. [Capitalist armies support the capitalist minority; East Bloc armies are under central tight control; Burma's army always supports the interest of the people.] Mar. 26: A day of great significance, by Myo Htut. [Armed Forces Day celebrating Burma Army's attack on Japanese on Mar. 27, 1945.] Mar. 27: To keep the city clean and disciplined, by Tha Htoo Aung. [Praise of military-sponsored renovations.] Mar. 27: The month during which BCP central HQ was crushed, by Mya Tun. [Capture of BCP headquarters on Mar. 15, 1975.] Mar. 27: Editorial, Behind the Machinations. [How "more and more people have come to see the ulterior motives behind these machinations--the issue of the warning {against visiting Burma} by the US Government and the broadcasting of false news by the VOA and the BBC."] Mar. 27: The ninth Anniversary of the Resistance Day observed, by Ye Yin Min Gaung. [Gen. Ne Win's address of Mar. 27, 1954.] Mar. 27: The Pyithu Tatmadaw, by Maung Dawna. [History of Burma Army.] Mar. 29: The Pyithu Tatmadaw with a rich tradition, by Paik Yin. [Historic battles and quote from Gen. Ne Win.] Mar. 29: Thitsa-Myitta Discussions: Teacher-pupil relationship, by Byamaso. [Students must show respect and study hard.] Mar. 30-31: A cry from those falling into their own pit, by A Listener. [US is responsible for its own drug problem.] Students Returned Home Continued reports of "absconded students" returning home "after realizing the true attitude of the Tatmadaw." Articles cite location, name, age, academic affiliation, and father's name and address: Feb. 26: 26 students returned between Feb. 13-23. (WPD 2/27) Feb. 28: 17 returned between Feb. 16-26. (WPD 3/1) Mar. 5: 14 returned between Feb. 20-27. (WPD 3/6) Mar. 7: 6 returned between Feb. 27-Mar. 5. (WPD 3/8) Mar. 12: 17 returned between Mar. 1-10. (WPD 3/13) Mar. 18: 7 returned between Mar. 9-15. (WPD 3/19) Mar. 21: 22 returned between Mar. 17-18. (WPD 3/23) Press Conferences Feb. 24: At the 26th State LORC Press Conference, the Information Committee spokesman said: -- No interim government will be formed, despite rumours to the contrary. -- The Bangkok Post on Jan. 21 said 186 Burmese students had sworn allegience to the KNU at the No. 101 Special Battalion at Kawmura camp. Of them 159 were members of the All Burma Students Democratic Front (ABSDF), 33 were Karen soldiers; all were between 15 and 30 years old. -- The original executive committee of the ABSDF consisted of: Chairman-Tun Aung Kyaw; Vice Chairman-Win Moe; General Secretary-Than Win; Joint General Secretaries-Aung Naing and Ko Ko Oo; Secretary (For. Aff.)-Sai Myo Win Tun; Secretary (Org. & Policy)-Tun Oo; Secretary (Info. & Pub. Rel.)-Ko Ko Lay; Secretary (Supply)-Kyi Moe; Secretary (Work Inspec.)-Maung Maung Thein; Secretary (Discipline)-Kyaw Lin; Secretary (Health & Soc. Aff.)-Dr. San Tha Oo; Secretary (Fin.)-Kyaw Htin. Of these, Sai Myo Win Tun and Kyi Moe returned home Jan. 7; Kyaw Htin on Dec. 22. At an emergency ABSDF meeting on Jan. 1, Aung Naing, Win Moe, Ko Ko Oo, and Wan Hoke (Thay-baw-bo camp representative) were expelled from the Central Executive Committee. Wan Hoke returned home Feb. 17. Student Regiments created were: Nos. 101 & 102 (Mon area); Nos. 201 & 211 (Karen area); No. 303 (Karenni area); No. 401 (Shan area); No. 801 (Palaung area); No. 901 (Rakhine area); No. 881 (Democratic Youth Army Pa-O-white area); No. 701 (Kachin area); 30-200 individuals in Indian border area---total 2,200. [Further details of numbers and officers.] The new Chairman of the ABSDF is a Karen, S. Aung Lwin, replacing Tun Aung Kyaw. -- There are false rumours that a traffic accident on Feb. 14 in Rangoon involved an deliberate Army attempt to run down students. Details of accident given. Action is being taken against the Army driver, but it was just an accident. -- There are false rumors about the April 1 civil servant pay raise; there will be no capitation tax to pay for the raise. -- The 27 reception camps for students will stay open. -- Myo Chit Oo's series of articles "We fear our race may become extinct", is just an expression of opinion and not directed against any particular country. The intent is only that Immigration Laws should be observed. (WPD 2/25) Mar. 3: At the 29th weekly press conference, Finance and Planning Minister Col. Abel and spokesmen said: -- The salary raise for government employees is 109% at the lowest level and 20% at the highest. [See table under GOVERNMENT.] Increments will be given every two years instead of yearly. The K 600 cap on pensions is lifted; they will be based on full years of service. There are 1.2 million Government civil and military employees. Merchants should not exploit them. Economic signs are good; gold rose from K 1,660/tical in 1978-79 to K 10,414 in Oct. 1988, but has now dropped to K 9,140. But rice and [edible] oil have risen; hence the wage raise. -- Registration of political parties is now completed. Comment on the draft Election Law has been solicited. Some parties say they will not contest the election; that is their affair. "We have also heard that some are predicting that forthcoming election will not be free and fair. This will be known when the election is actually held. Predicting such thing will surely cause unhappiness among the people." It is groundless that Tatmadawmen will run for election after retiring from the Army. Public services personnel may not do political work; neither may Tatmadawmen. The Tatmadaw categorically denies supporting the National Unity Party. -- Political parties are responsible for students in their midst; parents should also control their children. -- "We notice contacts and discussions between some diplomats and some party organizations. But we do not know what they are discussing. We are of the opinion that internal affairs should be dealt with in accordance with the prevailing conditions in the country." -- "...some parties are complaining that there is neither freedom of speech nor press. Our view... differs. Party organizations are printing, distributing at will in violation of the existing Printers and Publishers Law. We exercise our utmost restraint in this matter. Some are going so far as making contacts with foreign broadcasting stations and saying what they want to say and accusing what they want to accuse.... We have not prevented such falsehood from being transmitted or broadcast." -- The rumor spread by the Bangkok Post (Feb. 19) and All India Radio (Feb. 22) that the fire in Mergui was set by the Army, and persons fighting it were shot, because Daw Aung San Suu Kyi had received a bigger welcome than the daughter of Chairman U Ne Win, is false. The fire spread because the people in the house where it started tried to quench it secretly. Also, the lanes were too narrow for the fire engines, and the buildings all had thatch roofs. "We categorically deny that the Tatmadaw did not [sic] create the outbreak of fire as alleged by the foreign newspapers." The rumor of Army involvement because of the alleged difference in welcome is "extensively distasteful and loathsome and completely untrue." -- No currency notes will be demonetized by this Government. Rumors that K 45 notes have been declared illegal are false. -- It is untrue, as alleged by a political party at a press conference, that the Loktha Pyithu Nezin is a newspaper of the National Unity Party. -- 2,578 students have returned; up from 2,532 at the last press conference. (WPD 3/4) Mar. 10: At the 30th LORC Information Committee Press Conference, spokesmen said: -- In drafting the election law, the 1948 and 1974 Constitutions were studied, as well as the election laws of countries where democracy is practised. -- Foreign radio stations, such as the BBC, are as usual instigating trouble, as by reporting student plans to commemorate the death of Maung Phone Maw [killed in March 1988]. Some underground organizations plan to stop and loot cars on Mar. 13, and another calls for a demonstration at the Inya Lake bund [embankment] on Mar. 16. "We will have to take suitable action against those who commit such things." Parties that use students for disturbances will be held responsible. -- Civil service pay was raised to meet rising prices; not to cause inflation and create problems for future governments. Look at price increases from 1970-71 to 1985-86: K. K. % Rice (110 lbs.) 18.82 49.00 160% Oil (viss) 4.53 15.58 244% Cond. milk 70.71 172.76 144% Sheet iron 3.01 20.90 594% Fuel oil $1.70 $28.65 1650% Some traders have tried to manipulate prices since the pay raise was announced, by buying rice at K 5,000-6,000 [per 100 baskets]. Action will be taken as needed to stabilize prices. -- Thanmani Bo Khin Maung, former aide of U Nu, whose mysterious disappearance was reported Feb. 10, has appeared on the frontier, as President of the Alliance for Democratic Solidarity, Union of Burma. The Vice President is Zali Maw, and the Secretary is Maung Aung (son of U Nu). -- KNU insurgents have killed 6 people and wounded 15 in six ambush incidents. They have fired rockets at Myawaddy 12 times since Feb. 13, killing 3 and wounding 25; Bilin was attacked without effect. A train attack killed 1 and wounded 15. Altogether, since Nov. 1, the KNU have made 25 attacks, killing 36 and wounding 75. No outsiders have criticized these brutal rights violations. -- 2,619 students have returned, 41 of them since the last Press Conference. (WPD 3/11) Mar. 17: At the 31st LORC Information Committee Press Conference, spokesmen said: -- The term "UG", or "Underground" univerally means activities against the law and espionage and spy work of insurgents, yet many students and political parties "seem to be taking pride of their being able to point themselves out as UG." However, "underground movement amounts to committing High Treason and rebellion against the State," which is punishable by a death sentence or transportation for life. Since "prevention is better than cure," people should be warned. -- Everyone should obey State LORC Order No. 2/88, which is "lenient enough." Its "limitations will be reduced and repealed as and when the situation becomes stable." -- "[There is talk] that the government is forcing the service personnel to sign pledges and limiting their activities." In fact, the 1923 Official Secrets Act binds everybody, and always has. -- According to a Radio India broadcast on Mar. 11, the Alliance for the Democratic Solidarity, Union of Burma (ADS) (Da-nya-ta), was founded Jan. 19, 1989, with Thanmani Bo Khin Maung as Chairman. Other officers are: Executive Vice-Chairman U Zali Maw, Vice Chairman U Mang Tling, Secretary General U Aung, Joint Secretary General Dr. Myint Swe, and Secretariat members U Thaung Han, U Soe Tint, U Yaza, U Kyaw Swa, U Hla Tun, and U Than Lwin. The ADS recognizes the 1947 Constitution as still valid, and demands that elections be held in Nov. 1989, that democratic rights be assured, that the curfew and Section 144 be lifted, and that an international supervisory body supervise the general election. Zali Maw left Burma with an Oct. 4, l980 passport to work in Thailand; Maung Aung (son of U Nu), left with a Dec. 3, 1968 passport which has expired. Thanmani Bo Khin Maung naturally does not need a passport or visa since he left the country "alive." [Note: apparent reference to earlier reports of his magical activities; see Feb. 1 Press Conference--HCMacD.] The ASD has ties to underground organizations, including Mon insurgents. There are reports of some aboveground political organizations having contact with the ASD and insurgents; "When we have got evidence [we shall] take legal action against them." -- The Commission for Human Rights met in Geneva Jan. 30-Mar. 10, 1989, with 43 countries represented. Some Western Europe regional group countries tabled a draft resolution on Burma, but after Burmese representative U Aung Thant presented an explanation, and the Asia regional group threatened to protest, the draft resolution was amended and later dropped. Ultimately the Chairman issued a 5 point "decision" which (a) encouraged Burmese authorities to ensure fundimental freedoms; (b) noted appreciation for Burmese response to specific inquiries; (c) welcomed Burmese assurances of free and fair multi-party elections; (d) urged Burmese to implement their understanding as soon as possible; and (e) invited the Burmese delegation to provide information on this question. There was no condemnation or comments or action. So the efforts of some nations to discredit Burma were not successful. "It is deplorable that a Senator of a big country like the [USA] should urge Asian countries to stop giving grants and assistance to Burma...." -- 2,635 students have returned, including 16 since the last Press Conference. (WPD 3/18) Mar. 24: At the 32nd LORC Information Committee Press Conference, spokesmen said: -- Burma will do its "domestic economic business under market system and external economic business under export system," with participation by private, co-operative, and State-owned sectors. -- The budget and revenue collecting systems need to be changed. The State budget has been prepared on the basis of "nearest constant prices" rather than 1969-70 prices. for the l989-90 year: National Gross Domestic Product and Services Value will be K 5,495.8 crores at constant prices and K 7,6l9.3 crores at annual prices. Compared with 1988-89 provisional figures, growth will be 3.4% (constant) {7.2% annual}. This is not bad, given conditions. -- There were declines in the banking accounts of 72.2%, because of "economic organization which did businesses with interests realized from the banks." Now the State is taking responsibility. -- GDP figures (based on 1985-86): prices constant annual 1985-86 + 2.9% + 4.5% 1986-87 - 1.1% + 5.4% 1987-88 - 4.1% + 12.4% 1988-89 (prov) + 0.2% not given -- Export figures (annual prices): 1985-86 K 2,566,000,000 1986-87 2,419,000,000 1987-88 1,655,000,000 1988-89 (prov) 2,007,000,000 1989-90 (target) 3,632,000,000 (of which, 2,275 million from State and 1,353 million from private sectors) Specific export targets are: rice (0.791 million metric tons); teak (120,000 cubic tons); hardwoods (200,000 cubic tons); beans and pulses (52,000 metric tons). -- Investment: (million kyat) state coop/priv total 1985-86 6,474 2,174 8,649 1986-87 6,410 2,208 8,618 1987-88 6,226 2,341 8,567 1988-89(p) 5,741 2,467 8,208 1989-90(t) 4,891 3,638* 8,520 * Foreign investment not considered. -- Per capita production: (annual prices) 1985-86 K 1,509 1986-87 K 1,560 1987-88 K 1,720 1988-89 K 1,806 1989-90 (t) K 1,899 (K 1,370 constant prices) -- Foreign loan repayment: 1985-86 K 1,554,100,000 1986-87 K 1,706,500,000 1987-88 K 1,234,400,000 1988-89 (p) K 1,191,800,000 1989-90 (t) K 1,952,500,000 compared to foreign exchange earnings of K 4,401,400,000 or 44.36%. -- Business and income taxes will be collected in full. Income tax rates have been reduced. "Tax relief has been allowed on the assessment of the income under the salary head and although 30% has been assessed for at least 4% and K 40,001 and above, 20% has been assessed for at least 3% and K 40,001 and above at present; K 40,001 and above 20%; K 75,001 and above 30%." "Reliefs" have been increased from K 2,000 to K 2,500 for a wife, and for children from K 400 to K 500, K 500 to K 600, K 600 to K 800, and K 800 to K 1,000, depending on age. No tax will be payable on salaries of K 15,000, raised from K 10,000. Taxes on foreigners are reduced from 25% to 20% (individuals); 40% to 30% (associations); 50% to 30% (companies); 60% to 35% (foreigers living abroad); 30% (foreign investors-new category). These rates are lower than in neighboring countries. Income tax rates are from 3% to 50% at K 150,001; formerly the 50% rate was reached at K 30,001. -- Beginning with 1989-90 State Economic Enterprises will no longer be fiscally autonomous, but part of the State Budget, with support from the State to meet their plan targets, and with their receipts going into State funds; they will no longer need to earn money to pay debts. -- The US warning to travellers not to visit Burma, broadcast by VOA Mar. 22, might have been applicable during the disturbances, but not in Rangoon now. -- Some political parties "accommodate certain people who want to create disturbances...and make anti-government and anti-Tatmadaw speeches through the use of loud speakers.... Min Ko Naing, Ko Ko Gyi and Aung Din from the unlawful organization Bama Naing-ngan Lon-saing ya Kyaung-tha Tha-magga-myar Ahphwe-gyoke (All Burma Federation of Student Unions) [ABFSU], and Sit Ko Naing (a) Myo Thein from the unlawful organization Di-mo-cracy Taik-pwe-win Kyaung-thar Lu-nge Ah-phwe-gyoke (The Students League to Fight for Democracy) [SLFD] have made anti-government speeches at the No. Okkalapa township office of the National League for Democracy [No. 2] on Mar. 16. U Aung Gyi presided and U Lwin was master of ceremonies. Similarly, Ko Ko Gyi, Aung Din and Soe Thein from the National League for Democracy made anti-government speeches at the Mayangon party township office on Mar. 16. Min Ko Naing made anti-government speeches at a meeting on Mar. 17. Moe Thee Zun and Tin Than Oo of the Democratic Party for New Society [No. 18], and Wai Lin, Khin Than, and Min Din from the unlawful Rangoon University students union, and Aung Thura from the [ABFSU] made similar speeches at the Rangoon Division party office on Sept. 18. Moe Ko Naing, Ko Ko Gyi, Soe Thein, Moe Thee Zun, Moe Zaw Htet, and Ye Teza made similar speeches at the Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League (Original) [No. 98] So. Okkalapa township office on Mar. 18. Min Ko Naing, Ko Ko Gyi, Aung Din, Sit Ko Naing, Naing Win, Zaw Moe Htet, Win Hlaing, Thet Maw, and Moe Hein made similar speeches at the National League for Democracy [No. 2] Insein and Mayangon township offices on Mar. 19. Min Ko Naing, Ko Ko Gyi, Aung Din, Moe Thee Zun, Moe Hein, Min Thein, Ma Tun Tun Maung, and Thiha Tun made anti-government speeches at the National League for Democracy [No. 2] Thingangyun township office on Mar. 20. Min Ko Naing, Ko Ko Gyi, Aung Din, Soe Thein and Tin Than Oo made similar speeches at the Patriotic Old Comrades League [No. 42] Bahan office. 10 students, including 4 security officers from the National League for Democracy, 1 from the Democratic Party for New Society, and 2 girls created disturbances at the gate of Rangoon University (Main) on Mar. 20, and were detained. Min Ko Naing, Ko Ko Gyi and Soe Thein from the National League for Democracy appeared and demanded their release, and incited others to disturbances. On Mar. 21, 100 persons led by Soe Thein, Ko Ko Gyi, and Min Ko Naing appeared at the Kamayut-Hledan road junction and demanded the 10 students' release and caused disturbances. "The political parties and those who want to create disturbances are to stop creating situations which hinder the prevalence of peace and tranquillity and affect the interests of the people in their making of livelihood peacefully and in violation of Order 2/88 and Declaration No. 8/88 of the State [LORC]. If they continue doing such things, effective action will be taken against them in accordance with law." -- Some Parties say the government has arrested peasants who refused to sell rice at K 12 a basket. "No peasant who did not sell paddy dutifully was arrested. There might be exceptions.... If there are peasants who had been arrested they are most likely to be peasants who did not abide by the provisions of the agreement [they had signed]." These rumours make mountains out of mole hills, to mislead the peasants. -- There are rumours that on Mar. 17 fighting broke out between Indians and Burmese in Moulmein, that Chinese took the Burmese side and many Indians were killed. The broadcast to this effect "is not true at all." -- Some say that the Armed Forces Day Parade will violate the Order No. 2/88 prohibition against gatherings of more than 4 persons to incite disturbances; this is not true, any more than people walking about the city, or the Daw Khin Kyi funeral procession, because no disturbance is intended. -- The public should not worry about Parties threatening to wage guerrilla warfare if their demands that the curfew be lifted is not heeded; "Our Tatmadaw is...quite able to annihilate those who launch guerrilla attacks." Therefore, no attempt should be made to disturb the Armed Forces Day Parade. -- It is true that the Kokant nationals on Mar. 12 split from the BCP; other groups like the Shan, Wa and Kaw may do so too, "for they do not like the political system being practised by the BCP." -- It is true that Min Ko Naing (alias) Paw Oo Tun, Chairman of the illegal [ABFSU], has been detained. His group were agitating the public, and trying to create disturbances on Armed Forces Day, and have repeatedly breached Order No. 2/88 and Announcement No. 8/81 [sic]. Min Ko Naing was arrested on Mar. 23 and action will be taken against him. -- 15 students, including Min Ko Naing, have been arrested; 10, including 2 girls, were arrested Mar. 20, 4 on Mar. 21, as the newspapers have reported. -- 2,669 students have returned, 34 of them since Mar. 17. (WPD 3/25) Detainees Released Persons released from detention, generally after asking forgiveness. Stories include names, ages, academic affiliation (for students), and fathers' name and address. Feb. 25: 5 youths have been released. One was arrested Oct. 25 for shouting slogans at the Shwedagon Pagoda; two arrested Nov. 2 for membership in an underground organization; one for anti-government activities arrested Nov. 28; one arrested Dec. 15 for possession of propaganda documents. (WPD 2/27) Feb. 27: 3 youths were released Feb. 23; they were detained Oct. 3 for destroying signs and files at the Sittwe Township People's Council office. (WPD 2/28) Mar. 4: 9 youths were released Mar. 2; 1 was arrested Nov. 17 for distributing UG (18) group pamphlets; 1 on Nov. 27 for the same; 2 on Dec. 9 and 5 on Jan. 10 under the Emergency Provisions Act. (WPD 3/5) Student Disturbances Mar. 20: 20 students gathered in front of the Rangoon University main gate and demanded that it be opened. When University staff refused, they began to strike the "Employees Only" sign and shout anti-government slogans. When they refused to disperse, the Army arrested 10 students, including 2 girls, and detained them at Kamayut Police Station. Later, Min Ko Naing and some students went to the police station and demanded their release. About 300 people gathered, but dispersed peacefully when "responsible persons gave warning to the crowd." (WPD 3/21) Mar. 21: Ten persons were detained for causing disturbances at the gate of Rangoon University (Main) on Mar. 20. They are: Myat San (security official, National League for Democracy [No. 2]), Yan Myo Aung (same), Min Aung (same), Kyaw Zaw Oo (student), Min Thu (bazaar seller), Aung Myat Oo (book binder), Than Zin (bazaar seller, member Democratic Party for New Society [No. 18], Aye Min (student), Ma Yin Myo Kyi (student), Ma San San Myint (student). At ll am, Mar. 21, "a group of about 100 persons, led by Soe Thein of National League for Democracy and Ko Ko Gyi of the Min Ko Naing Group, gathered at the junction of Kamayut Road and Hledan Road" and demanded the release of the 10 detainees. They were requested to disperse, and 4 troublemakers were detained. Similarly, some 50 students "shouted anti-government slogans at the corner of Anawrahta St. and 38th St...and tried to cause disturbances and the Tatmadaw took systematic action and the situation returned to normal...." Although much progress has been made in returning to law and order, "some political parties do not desire the prevalence of peace and tranquillity and are creating various situations by stirring up and agitating others and hence the disturbances took place, it is learnt. (WPD 3/22) Mar. 25: 100 youths and students (20 of them from the National League for Democracy [No. 2] compound) "shouted anti-government slogans and marched along the University Avenue bearing the `fighting-peacock' flags." When security forces dispersed them, some sought refuge in the National League for Democracy compound and others in the residence of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi at No. 44 University Avenue. Khin Maung Kyi (a) Maung Lay and Tin Htwe were arrested. Before the demonstration, students in front of the National League for Democracy stopped a bus and removed the Burmese and Army flags it carried to commemorate Armed Forces Day. (WPD 3/26) Mar. 27: 20 youths demonstrating in front of Yankin State High School were dispersed; three, Tin Htay, Sithu Tun, and Win Myint Than, were apprehended. 200 persons gathered in the compound of the League for Democracy and Peace Headquarters (No. 141), and tried to leave to cause disturbances, but were dispersed. In Mandalay, 100 youths gathered at the Maha Myatmunt Pagoda and "began shouting slogans" and marching along 84th St. to downtown, where they had grown to 500. Security forces dispersed them. Otherwise Rangoon and Mandalay were relative quiet. (WPD 3/28) ELECTIONS Party Registrations & Changes Party registrations continue the format followed in October - February, including the keys to themes in Aims and Programmes (A&P). Registrations, January, changes in Party officials, deregistrations, etc., are included in a single numerical list. Some registrations from back issues just received are included. (11) Oct. 11. Burma United Democratic Party. 86 (2nd fl.) 37th St., Kyauktada T. [Rgn]. Ch Zaw Pe Win; VCh Banya Aung Thu; GS Kyee Myint; JGS Htoo Aung; Tr. Myint Oo; Info. & Liais. Shwe Win Thein; CEC Hla Min Htike, Soe Naing, Than Win Aung, Maung Maung Kyin, Kyi Win, Tin Oo. (WPD 10/12 1988) (12) Oct. 11. National Peace and Democracy Party. 46 (1st fl.) Maha Bandoola Park St., Kyauktada T. [Rgn]. Patron Khin Maung Gale (rtd. Lt-Col.); Ch Dawood Jamal; VCh Aye Kya (rtd. Div. Head, Irrig. Dept.), GS Daw Khin Khin Sein (dau. of Nat'l Leader U Razak); JGS Lay Myint (Cent. Ct. adv.); Tr. Tin Nyunt; Secret. Dr. Ba Kyu, Khing Maung Yin, Par Lay (a) Tun Nay Aung (HGP); CEC Kyaw Win Maung, Shwe Kyaw, Ba Po (Cent. Ct. adv.), Khin Maung Latt (Cent. Ct. adv.), Chit Maung (Cent. Ct. adv.), Maung Ko Gafari, Tun Pe (a) Harry J. Peters. (WPD 10/12/1988) (35) Union of Burma (Main) AFPFL (Hqrs). Patron Thakin Pyant has died and been replaced by Shu Aung (f. AFPFL MP). JGS Kyaw Linn and CEC members Soe Nyunt and Tin Aung have been expelled. (WPD 3/9) (39) Democracy and Human Rights Organization (D-H-0). Dissolved 7 Mar. 1989; de-registered 7 Mar. 1989. (WPD 3/8) (41) Real Democracy [System] Party. Dissolved 15 Feb. 1989; de-registered 23 Feb. 1989. (WPD 2/24) (98) Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League (Original) (Hq); AFPFL (Original) (Hq). A&P:I,1,6,b,ii, vii. (WPD 12/4/1988) (99) Burma Reporters' Association. A&P:I,II,III,3,6. (WPD 12/4/ 1988) (103) National Peace and Comfort Party. GS Maung Maung Paing has resigned and been replaced by JGS Charles Khine. (WPD 3/9) (104) New Democracy Party. Dissolved Mar. 10, 1989; de-registered Mar. 10, 1989. (WPD 3/11) (160) League for Democracy Alliance. Dissolved Mar. 23, 1989; de-registered Mar. 23, 1989. (WPD 3/25) (188) National Economic League for Trade. A&P:I,VII,1,3,5,b,d,ii, iv,vii. (WPD 2/25) (189) Karen National Congress for Democracy (KNCD). A&P:I,II,5,a,b,e, iv. (WPD 2/25) (190) National Progressive Socialist League. A&P:I,VI,5,b,ii. (WPD 3/9) (191) Matured Democratic Party. A&P:II,VI,7,c,e,iv. (WPD 3/9) (192) Inn-Tha National Organization. A&P:I,III,1,e. (WPD 3/9) (193) Rakhine National Humanitarian Development Organization. A&P: III,1,e. (WPD 3/9) (194) Indigenous Race Collaboration Party. A&P:III,1,3,5,7,b,c,e, vii. (WPD 3/12) (195) Feb. 22. People's Party. 68 Lay-daunt-kan St., Lay-daunt-kan Ward, Thingangyun T. [Rgn]. Ch Sein Win (Shwegyun) (adv.); VCh Than Htut (BAEd, BEd, rtd. headmast.); GS Tin Maung; CEC Than Tun, Nyunt Maung, Khin Maung Hla, Hla Win (adv.), Daw Myint Thein Htay (BA, HGP), Win Kyaw Oo (AGTI-civil). A&P:I,II,III,VI,1,i,ii,vi. (WPD 2/24,25, 3/12) (196) Feb. 22. Union Party (UP). 69 Yinmabin St., 3/ka Ward, Mingaladon T. [Rgn]. Ch Soe Win Hlaing (rtd. Air Force); VCh Thila (physician); Sec. Aung Pe Than; JSec. Win Maung; CEC Po Khway, Soe Myint, Hla Khin, Win Myint, Than Myint, Daw Nila Win, Aye Myint, Daw Cho Cho Myint, Aung Thein, Htay Win, Thaung Aye. A&P:I,III,1,2,3,b,c,ii,vi. (WPD 2/24, 3/13)) (197) Feb. 22. Federal Democratic Party (FDP). 219 Yuzana St., Gagyi Ward, Thingangyun T. [Rgn]. Patron Win Maung; Ch Nay Aung Myin; GS Myint Thein Oo; CEC Kyaw Khaung, Maung Maung Aung, Win Ko Ko, Than Kywe, Thein Win, Thant Zin Tun, Daw Thida Hnin. (WPD 2/24) (198) Feb. 22. Union People's Future and Democracy Party. 244 Pinya 10th Lane, Ward No. 5, So. Okkalapa T. [Rgn]. Ch Kyaw Thein; VCh Chit Swe, Nai Tun Khin; GS Aye Myint; JGS Kyaw Thinn, Moe Oo; CEC Tha Aye, Lu Maung, Kyaw Mya Than, Thaung Sein, Daw Mar Thi (vocalist), Daw Thin Thin Khaing, Thaung Thein Than, Soe Naing, Daw Mar Mar Thein. A&P:I,II,7,a. (WPD 2/24, 3/13)) (199) Feb. 23. United League of Democratic Parties. No. 175-B 21 Compound, Laydauntgan St., Hsa/Kha Ward, Thingangyun T [Rgn]. Merger of following 8 parties: Democratic Labour Party (Burma) (33)* ***, Party for Unity and Peace (67), Union Youth Party (69), Independent Democratic Union Party (71), Liberal People's Party (82)*, League for Mother Democracy (111)**, Democratic People and Retired Personnel Organization (168), and People's Party (195). [* also a member of Union of Burma Democratic Front (215); ** also a member of Leading Strength of National Realism Centre (232); *** also a member of Democratic Allies League (233).] Leading Committee: Dr. Tun Lin (67), Shwe Nyunt (82), Par (33), Kyaw Nyunt (168), Than Oo (69), Daw Tin Tin Su (111), Zaw Tun (71), Sein Win (Shwegyun) (adv.) (195); Ch Dr. Tun Lin (67) (alternate); GS Sein Win (Shwegyun) (adv.) (195); Sec. Myint Soe (33), Myo Myint Lay (67), Thein Myint (69), Khin Zaw Maung (71), Daw Kyi Aye Myint (111), Ko Lay (168), Than Htut (195), and 24 CEC members [not named]. A&P:I,III, VI,i. (WPD 2/25, 3/13)) (200) Feb. 23. Anti-Communist, Anti-Socialist, Anti-Totalitarian Free Democracy League. 109(A) Campbell Rd., Bahan T. [Rgn]. Central Leading Committee: Ch Aung Khun Swe; VCh Tun Min, Aung San Kyaw (ISc, BA); GS Yan Kyaw (BSc, RL II); JGS Maung Maung Aung (BSc), Khin Maung Win; Yayar Hmu Gyok (YHG) Sai Tun Aye (MA-phil, HGP, RL), JYHG Win Naing (MA-phil, RL), Kyi Win Than (BA-law, LL.B); Leading Committee: Tauk Tun (BA, RL), Maung Maung Lay (BA, RL), Thet Aung, Maung Maung Yi, Khin Maung Win, Tin Shwe, and 55 CEC members [not named]. A&P:I,II,VII. (WPD 2/25, 3/13) (201) Feb. 23. Conservative Party Burma. 37 (1st fl.,left) Shwebontha St., Pabedan T. [Rgn]. Ch Tin Win (BCom-acc't); VCh Myint Wai (Saya Ziwaka); Sec Khin Maung Ohn (BA, RA, HGP, RL, adv.); CEC Zaw Moe Hein (Tibet physiotherapy), Daw Khet Khet Nwe (a) Daw Khin Marlar, Daw Aye Aye Myint (LL.B), Than Soe BSc), Daw Yin Nwe Soe (BCom, acc't & audit., HGP, RL). A&P:II,5,a,b,e, iv. (WPD 2/24, 3/14)) (202) Feb. 27. National Politics Women Force (NPWF). 397 84th St. (bet. 38th & 39th Sts.) Maha Aungmyay West, Mandalay South-East T. [Mandalay]. Patrons Daw Nyo Nyo (Shwe Hintha Lacquer-ware House), Daw Khin Nu Yi (BA, DipEd, Eng. teach.) (Mdy), Daw Hla Hla (Zegyo-daw) (Mdy), Daw San San (San San, Saungkauk Footware Works, Mdy), Daw Khin Than Aye (Dip.journ.) (Mdy), Daw Myint Sein (BA-Burm) (Mdy); Ch Daw Khin Than Myint (BA, BEd) (f. headmist. BEMS No. 7, Mdy); VCh Daw San San Myint (BA-phys, Mdy), Daw Khin Myo Maw (BA-law, LL.B I, Mdy.); GS Daw Khin San Yi (BA-Burm., RL I, Dip.-Russian, Rgn); JGS Daw Khin Nyein Chan Thu (Mdy), Daw Amar Kyi (3rd yr. hist, f. sr. nurse) (Mdy); CEC Daw Myint Myint Sein (Mdy), Daw Ma Ma Lay (a) Daw Khin Hla Mu (Mdy), Daw Moe Sanda (jr. ass't teach.) (Mdy), Daw San San Tint (Mdy), Dr. Daw Khin Aye Mu (Mdy), Daw Thwe Thwe San (Mdy), Daw Yi Yi Myint (BSc-phys) (Mdy), Daw Khin Swe Win (BSc-zool) (Mdy), Daw Htay Htay Myint (Mdy), Daw Khin Mar Aye (Mdy), Daw Khin Thida Thein (Ma Mun) (Mdy), Daw Hla Hla Yi (Mdy), Daw Myint Myint Aung (4th yr. phys.) (Mdy), Dr. Daw Mi Mi Ko (Mdy), Daw San San Aung (Rgn), Daw San San Myint (Rgn). A&P:I,II,1,b, vi. (WPD 2/28, 3/14)) (203) Feb. 27. National Economic Development Force (NEDF). 397 84th St. (bet. 38th & 39th Sts.) Maha Aungmyay West, Mandalay South-East T. [Mandalay]. Ch Thein Win; VCh Maung Nu (Latha), Kan Shin; GS May Aung; JGS Min Hlaing, Khin Maung Thein; CEC Tin Pe, Thaung Nyunt, Aung Pan, Baw Zwa Oo, Maung Ko, Kyee Bo, Win Han Thein, Khin Maung Myint, May Du Wa (a) Kyaw Shwe, Tun Hla Aung, Yone (a) Shwe Hla, Chit Swe, Than Khin, Chu Kwan Saing, Dr. Maung Maung (MBBS), Hla Maung. A&P: I,1,2,4,i,vii. (WPD 2/28, 3/14) (204) Feb. 27. National Politics Peasant Force (NPPF). 84th St. (bet. 38th & 39th Sts.) Maha Aungmyay West, Mandalay South-East T. [Mandalay]. Ch Thein Than Oo (Mdy); VCh Hla Myint (Rgn); GS Tin Htut (Rgn); JGS Dr. Maung Maung Thu (Mdy); CEC Nyo Toke (Mdy), Dr. Maung Maung Min (Mdy), Than Swe (Ni Khet) (Mdy), Tin Win (Mdy), Dr. Khin Maung Yi (Mdy), Daw Khin Khin Oo (Mdy), Dr. Khin Maung Thein (Mdy), Tin Maung Lwin (Rgn), Hla Myaing (Rgn), Win Maung (Rgn), Sein Shwe (Rgn), Aung Kyi (Rgn), Win Aye (Mdy). A&P:I,3. (WPD 2/28, 3/15)) (205) Feb. 27. National Politics Labour Force (NPLF). 84th St. (bet. 38th & 39th Sts.) Maha Aungmyay West, Mandalay South-East T. [Mandalay]. Ch Ohn Myint Hlaing (Mandalay); VCh Hla Thein (Rgn); GS Aung Shwe (Rgn); JGS Than Tun (Mdy); CEC Khin Kyi (Rgn), Nyunt Shwe (Kyaukse), Myo Min Kyi (a) Myo Kyi (Mdy), Dr. Than Tun (Mdy), Sein Linn (Mdy), Zaw Pe Win (Mdy), Chit Ko (Mdy), Thein Shwe (Rgn), Kyaw Tint (Rgn), Tin Myint (Rgn), Ohn Myint (Rgn), Kyaw Win (Mdy), Ohn Kyaw (a) Khe (Rgn). A&P:I,7. (WPD 2/28, 3/15)) (206) Feb. 27. National Politics Front (Youth). 397 84th St. (bet. 38th & 39th Sts), Maha Aungmyay West, Mandalay South-East T. [Mandalay]. Ch Zarni Aung (Mdy) (BE-mech RIT); VCh Thein Htut [Rgn], Khin Maung Cho (Mdy) (BSc-phys); GS Cho Cho Tun Nyein (Rgn); JGS Kyaw San (Mdy) (3rd yr. hist), Zaw Khine (Rgn); CEC Tha Du (Mdy), Soe Myint Aung (a) Soe Ya (Rgn) (BA-Eng), Chan Myay Aye (Mdy), Aung Nwe Myo (Rgn) (Artist Daung Nwe Myo), Myint Tun (Mdy) (BSc-phys), Tun Than Nyunt (Rgn) (BSc-maths), Ye Htut (Mdy) (1st yr. phys), Cho Gyi (Rgn) (BSc-phys), Than lwin (Mdy) (fin. yr. phys), Htin Aung (Rgn), Aye Naing (Mdy), Myo Aung (Rgn), Daw Khin Khin Hlaing (Mdy) (BSc-chem), Kyaw Thiha (Rgn), Daw Myint Myint Khine (Mdy) (3rd yr. zool), Daw Mar Mar Oo (Mdy), Tha Htay Maung (Rgn). A&P:I,II,vi. (WPD 3/1,17) (207) Feb. 27. Lahu National Development Party (LNDP). 39 Nawng Kham St., No. 1 Ward, Lashio T. [Shan]. Ch Aung Thu; VCh Yaw Aye Hla; GS Kya Shi; JGS Po Thein Shin, Kyet Au Mu; CEC Kya Ha Shai, Kya Soe, Yaw Na, Jaw Nay, Than Tun Kywe, U [Isic] Daw Hla. A&P:I,II, III,1,e,ii,anti-narcotics. (WPD 3/ 1,19) (208) Feb. 27. National Democracy Establishment Party (Central) (NDEP). 178 (2nd fl.) 32nd St., Pabedan T. [Rgn]. Patrons Tin Win Hlaing, Aung Thein; Ch Than Swe; VCh Hla Tin, Sein Min; GS Zaw Htut; JGS San Hla; CEC Mya Tun, Ohn Khine, Saw Samuel, Mya Aye, Daw Khin Swe, Win Myint. A&P:I,II,III, 1,e,ii. (WPD 3/1,19) (209) Feb. 27. Patriotic Indigenous Physicians League. 25 Thitsar St., Ward 10, So. Okkalapa [Rgn]. Patron Daw Khin Su (Yenan-mye Daw Khin Su); Ch Than Hlaing; VCh Aye Thaung (Dhammacariya), Hla Shwe; GS Daw Oo Oo Than Maung (BSc); JGS Min Zaw; CEC Win Maung (BEd) (Aung Taman), Daw Aye Aye Myint (BSc-IC), Aung Kyaw, Myint Thein, Ohn Paing, Daw Cho Cho Mar. A&P:I. (WPD 3/1, 19) (210) Feb. 27. Esprit de Corps Restoration Party. 47(B) Natmauk Rd., Magwe [Magwe]. Patrons Ye Htut (a) Ye Htut Myint (Magwe) (adv.), Maung Maung Lwin (Rgn); Ch Yebaw Kyaw Htaik (Magwe); VCh Yebaw Tun Hein (Saya Tun Myat Lin) (Rgn), Yebaw Myint Thein (Magwe); GS Daw Than Yi (Rgn) (lawy); JGS Yebaw Khin San Myint (Magwe); Sec. Yebaw Maw Maw (Magwe), Yebaw Tin Htay (Magwe); CEC Yebaw Myint Aung, Yebaw Aye Ko, Yebaw Nila Myo. A&P: wunthanu spirit. (WPD 3/2,20) (211) Feb. 27. Peoples' Reporters Association (Burma) (PRA). 270 Seik-kan-tha St., Kyauktada T. [Rgn]. Patrons Khin Maung Kyi (reporter), Kyaw Shein (rep.); Ch Than (rep.) (Indep. Mawgun Gr. I); VCh Aung San Nyo (rep.); GS Aung Din (rep.); JGS Aye Thaung (rep.); CEC Maung Maung Oo (rep.), Mya Moe (rep.), Thein Lwin (rep.), Than Maung (rep.). A&P:I,promote journalists. (WPD 3/2,20) (212) Feb. 27. Party for National Democracy. 54/56 University Ave., Bahan T. [Rgn]. Patrons Thura Tin Oo, Daw Aung San Suu Kyi; Ch Dr. Sein Win (PhD-maths Hamburg); GS Myint Swe; CEC Win Htain, Sein Thaung, Aye Myint (rtd. Lt-Col.), Soe Win, Thein Win. A&P:I,II,III. (WPD 3/2,20) (213) Feb. 27. National Solidarity Front. 397 84th St. (bet. 38th & 39th Sts.), Maha Aungmyay Anauk, Mandalay South-East T. [Mandalay]. Merger of following 12 Parties: National Politics Front (NPF) (130)*; The Union of All Burma United Nationalities (101); National Democratic Peace and Solidarity Party (143); Democratic Action Party of Burma (DAP) (138); Ever Green Young Men's Association (109); Shan National Development Democratic Party (Union of Burma) (65); Real, Peace, Just Democratic Party (Union of Burma) (172); National Politics Labour Force (205); National Economic Development Force (NEDF) (203); National Politics Peasant Force (NPPF) (204); National Politics Front (Youth) (206); National Politics Women Force (NPWF) (202) [* also a member of League of Democratic Allies (216)]. Patrons Ko Ko Lay (101), Zaw Win (130), Taw Win U Khin Maung Than (130), Maung Maung Soe (101), Khin Maung Htwe (143), Sein Win (a) Soe Min Aung (143), Khin Maung Win (138), Maung Nge (138), Kyaw Win (109), Swe Tint (109), Kyaw Win (65), Maung Maung Naing (65), Aung Myint Soe (a) Aung Myint (172), Khin Maung Thein (203), Dr. Than Tun (205), Thein Than Oo (204), Khin Maung Cho (206), Daw Khin Than Myint (202); Ch Ko Ko Lay (101); GS Tin Aye Kyu (130); JGS Tint Swe (138); Sec. Thein Win (Zarmani) (101), Tin Win (143), Thein Tun Aung (109), Sein Lay Maung (65), Pyi Win (172), Thein Win (203), Ohn Myint Hlaing (205), Dr. Maung Maung Thu (204), Zarai Aung (206), Daw Khin Nyein Chan Thu (202); Gen. Head of Office Aye Thwin (130). A&P: A&P:I,II,III, 3,4,b,e,ii,iv. (WPD 3/2,21) (214) Feb. 27. United Nationalities League for Democracy. 8 Bahan 1st Lane, Bahan T. [Rgn]. Merger of following 18 parties: Arakan League for Democracy (16)*; Mon National Democratic Front (24); Zomi National Congress (30); Chin National League for Democracy (31); Democratic League for the National Races of the Shan State (36); Shan Nationalities League for Democracy (45); Kayah State All Nationalities League for Democracy (63); Karen State National Organization (84); Union PAOH National Organization (85); Highlander's Democratic Party (90); Arakanese Peace and Human Rights Party (91); Ta-ang (Palaung) National League for Democracy (133); Kachin National Congress (KNC) (153); Shan State Kachin Democratic Party (152); Kamans National League for Democracy (163); Union Karen League (13); Arakan People's United Organization (64)*; Mro or Khami National Solidarity Organization (MKNSO) (170)* [* also a member of Arakan People's Democratic Front (217)]. Panel of Chairmen: Aye Pe (16), Ngwe Thein (24), Maung Khine (a) Ohn Khine (133), Saw Than Shein (84), Salai Ram Ling Hmung (31), Sao Ngwe Thaung (63), Hla Min (36), Tha Lu (91), Tan Thang Lian Pau (30), Tha Maung (132), Myint Oo (158), Khun Tun Lwin (85), Salai Aung Tun (175), Duwa Zaw Maw (153), San Tha Aung (170), Dr. Hsan Khamma (90). A&P:I,II,III,5,b,e,ii,vi. ((WPD 3/3,21) (215) Feb. 27. Union of Burma Democratic Front. 5/1 U Gwe St., Sanchaung T. [Rgn]. Merger of following 40 parties: Union Progress and Justice Action Party (131), Democratic Party for New Society (18)*; Burma Democratic Party (9); Democracy Development Organization (15); Democratic Labour Party (Burma) (33)** ****; United National Congress (37); Democracy and Human Rights Organization (DHO) (39); Peace and Economic Development Party of the Union of Burma (40); Liberal Democratic Party (47); All Burma National Progressive Democracy Party (59)*** ****; National Party (62); Democratic People's League (66)****; Organization of Peace and Welfare for Democracy (Union of Burma) (68); Union Stability Party (77); Faithful Democratic Federation (79); Liberal People's Party (82)**; League for New State Democracy (83); Party for National Development (95); National Democratic Party for Human Rights (88); People's Peace Organization of Union of Burma (94); [United] Democratic Youth League (102); Rule of People's Democracy League (108); Democracy Reformation League (DRL) (113); Rakhine Races United Democracy Party (RRUDP) (118); Justice Party (119); National Fitness and Peace Party (120)***; National Republican Federation (NRF) (121); United Democratic Front (125); Farmer, Gadu, Ganan, Shan National Unity Democratic Headquarters (132); Union National League (Burma) (142); Peasants and Workers Development Democracy League (PWDDL) (144); People's Front for Democracy Construction (150); League for Democracy Alliance (160); National Ethnic Reformation Party (Headquarters) (161); People's Pioneer Party (162)***; People's Potential Democratic Youth League (171); Mi-khin Bama-pyi Aphwe (186); Democratic Republic Front (Burma) (53)*; Patriotic Democratic Youth Front (Burma) (49); All Burma Youth League (Headquarters) (ABYL) (140) [* also a member of League of Democratic Allies (216); ** also a member of United League of Democratic Parties (199); *** also a member of Leading Strength of National Realism Centre (232); **** also a member of Democratic Allies' League (DAL) (233)]. Ch Hla Aung (131); VCh Moe Thezun (18); Panel of Chairmen: Pe Maung Tin (9), Than Tin (15), Paw Oo (33), Kyaw Win Maung (Haji) (37), Tin Tun (39), Po Tha Bay (40), Tha Tun Sein (47), Tin Min Htaik (59), Kyaw Soe Bo, (62), Maung Maung Ohn Myaing (66), Myint (68), Mya Sein (77), Tun Myint Kyu (79), Shwe Nyunt (82), Maung Maung Than (83), Party for National Development (95), Chit Lwin (88), Bo Myo Myint (94), Ye Sein (102), Zaw Myo Win (108), Khin Nyein (113), Tha Kyaw (118), Ko Myint (119), Maung Maung Khin (120), Thadoe Maw (121), Aung Khin (125), Labang Gun (132), Aye Ko (142), Hla Aung (144), Yebaw Win Shwe (150), Daw San San Myint (160), Shwe Phone Win (161), San Shwe (162), Soe Lin Aung (171), Daw Kyi Kyi (186), Khin Aung (53), Myint Soe (48), Soe Min (140), Myo Nyunt (125). (WPD 3/3) (216) Feb. 27. League of Democratic Allies. 82 Bo Aung Kyaw Rd., Botataung T. [Rgn]. Merger of following 11 parties: People's Democratic Party (3); Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League (7); Democratic Front for New Society (18)**; People's Volunteer Organization (Burma) (19); People's Progressive and Freedom Democracy Front (32); People's Solidarity and Action Party (51); Democratic Republican Front (Burma) (53)**; Society for International Friendship (Union of Burma) (60); People's Progressive Party (106); National Politics Front (NPF) (130)*; League for New Generation (Union of Burma) (147). [* also a member of National Solidarity Front (NSF) (213); ** also a member of Union of Burma Democratic Front (215)] PatronsP Aung Than (3), Thakin Lwin (3), Sayagyi U Ba Hla Aung (19), Bo Aung Naing (19), Khin Maung Myint (106); Ch Myo Than Htut (Moe-Thee-Zan) (18); VCh Aung Myint (3), Nyunt Thein (7), Dr. Maung Maung Kyaw (60), Bo Nyo (19); GS Nyo Win (106); JGS Yin Htwe (18), Thiha (a) Tint Swe (130); Sec. Dr. Thet Lwin (147), Win Swe Oo (51); CEC Ko Ko Gyi (53). A&P:I, II,III,1,3,4,5,b. (WPD 3/3,22) (217) Feb. 27. Arakan People's Democratic Front. 250 U Ottama St., Yupa (North) Ward, Sittwe [Rakhine]. Merger of following four parties: Arakan People's United Organization (64)*; Rakhine Unity and Democracy Association (58); Arakan League for Democracy (16)*; Mro or Khami National Solidarity Organization (MKNSO) (170)* [* also a member of United Nationalities League for Democracy (214)] Political Leading Committee: Kya Hla Aung (Naing-ngant Gon-yi II); Maung Tha Zan (16); Tha Kyaw (Bon-pauk) (58); Kya Aung (170), Kyaw Zan Shwi (64); Panel of Chairmen: Aung Sein Tha (64), Ba Ohn (16), Dr. Kyaw Tha (58), Maung Htwi (170); Secretariat: Oo Hla Saw (16), Aung Pan Tha (64), Tun San (58), Sein Tun (170); CEC Ah Tun (58), Nga Pyu (58), Mya Thein (64), Chin Hlwa Aung (64), San Kyaw Hla (16), Dr. Maung Aye Khin (16), San Aye (170), Maung Kyaw Oo (170). A&P:I,II,III,1,3,4, 5,b,c,e,iii,iv. (WPD 3/3,22) (218) Feb. 28. Organization of Democratic Youth for National Politics (ODYNP). 145 38th St. (cor. 84th & 85th Sts.), Mandalay South-East T. [Mandalay]. Ch Zaw Lin Oo; GS Aung Hsan Nyint; CEC Thet Naing Tun, Daw Khin Shwe Hlaing, Linn Maung Maung Tin, Daw Marlar Thein, Nay Linn, Min Han. A&P:I,II,III. (WPD 3/4,22) (219) Feb. 28. People's Peasants Union (Union of Burma). 150 (top fl.) Seikkantha St., Kyauktada T. [Rgn]. Patrons Thakin Thein Kywe (Pegu), Thakin Khin (Prome), Bo Nyo Maung (Rangoon); Ch Tin Aung (Natmauk); GS Nyo Lwin (Rgn); JGS Maung Maung (Yenanmyay), Tin Aung (Taungdwin) (adv.); CEC Tin Oo (Taikkyi), Yan Aye (Aphyauk), Tin Tun (Kyaukpadaung), Bo Yar Pyat (Natmauk), Tin Hla Oo, Tin Win (Moulmein), Kyi Hlaing (Letpadan), Chit Lon (Bilin), Than Yi (Bilin), Tun Yone (Mudon), Tun Shin (Pa-O) (Thaton), Moe Lwin (Bogale), Han Tint. A&P:I, 2,3,4,vi. (WPD 3/4,22) (220) Feb. 28. Patriotic Youth Party. 86 (2nd fl.) 37th St., Kyauktada T. [Rgn]. Patrons: Zaw Pe Win (Ar Mahn) (writer, Si-man-gain Win Naing), Kyee Myint [Note: same as No. 221,222); Ch Htoo Aung (a) Win Myint Aung; GS Tin Oo; CEC Aye Min Tun, Win Zaw, Khin Maung Lwin, Aung Myo, Myo Zaw, Myint Lwin, Ko Ko. A&P:I,III,e. (WPD 3/4,25) (221) Feb. 28. Party of the Nationalities. 86 37th St., Kyauktada T. [Rgn]. Patrons: Zaw Pe Win (Ar Mahn) (writer, Si-man-gain Win Naing) Kyee Myint [Note: same as No. 220,222]; Ch Banya Aung Thu (MSc, RL); GS Hla Min Htain (f. GS, Rgn. Univ. Physics Assoc.); CEC Thein Soe, Myo Lwin, Win Naing, Daw Le Le Than, Daw Hnin Hnin Hla. A&P:III,VII,e. (WPD 3/5,6,29) (222) Feb. 28. 86 (2nd fl.) 37th St., Kyauktada T. [Rgn]. Patriotic Force Party. Patrons: Zaw Pe Win (Ar-Mahn) (writer, Simankein Win Naing), U Kyee Myint [Note: same No. 220,221]; Ch Shwe Win Thein; GS Ko Ko; JGS San Aung; CEC Maung Maung, Than Htut, Kyi, Aung Myint, Khin Maung Win, Hla Myint. A&P:II, 1,2,3,4,6. (WPD 3/6,29) (223) Feb. 28. Chin National Unity Party. 1(a) Ashepyin Ward, Mindat [Chin]. Patrons: Lin Pe (Mindat), Ha Om (Mindat); Ch Aung Shing (Mindat); VCh Daw Hla Sung (Mindat); GS Lin Shin (Mindat); JGS Daw Om Ti (Mindat); CEC Aung Win (Kanpetlet), Daw Myint Myint Thein (Kanpetlet), Daw Htan Hton (Mindat). A&P:I,III,VI. (WPD 3/5,6) (224) Feb. 28. Union for Revival and Development of Democracy (URDD). U Bo Kun's house, Sibinthayar Ward, Yesagyo [Magwe]. Ch Nan Aung; GS Than Swe; Sec. Daw Tin Tin Than, Han Shin Win, Myint Han; CEC Mya Aung, Than Myint Aung, Aye One, Maung Maung Soe, Ye Aung, Aung Kyaw Myint, Dr. Kyaw Ngwe, Tun Tun, Maung Maung (a) Zin Maung Than. (WPD 3/6) (225) Feb. 28. National Unity and New Youth Party. 949 Shwepyitha St., Ward 6 (East), Thaketa T. [Rgn]. Ch Pagyi Nay Min Han (a) Ko Ko; VCh Kyin Soe (Pegu) (HGP, BA, LL.B), Soe Myint (Pyinmana); GS Soe Nyein (adv., BA, RL); JGS Thein Win (war vet.), Mya Khaing (Pegu); Sec. Tin Aung (Waw); JSec. Daw Kyi Kyi (Thaketa); CEC Aung Min (Shwegondine), Win Naing (Seikkyi) (war vet.), Daw Kyu Kyu (Thaketa), Htay Myint (Thaketa), Thant Zin (Thuwunna), Maung Hsan (Pegu), Mya Than (Pegu), Aung Naing (Yamethin), Win Ko Ko (Pegu), Win (Pegu), Aung Tin (Pegu), Tun Yin (Pegu), Maung Zin (Pegu), Pe Thein (Pegu), Tun Lwin (Pegu), Nyan Tun (Syriam). (WPD 3/4) (226) Feb. 28. Unification and Reinforcement Front (URF). 92 20th St. (bet. 82nd & 83rd Sts.), Mandalay [Mandalay]. Ch Myint Aung (a) Aung Myint Win (Mandalay); GS Tint Lwin; JGS Tun Aung Kyaw; CEC Win Swe (a) Win Aung (Mdy), Phone Naing Oo (a) Phone Naing (Mdy), Shwe Mann (Mdy), Han Myint (Rgn), Thet Tun (Mdy), Htwe Maung (Mdy), Yan Naing Oo (Mdy), Soe Aung (Mdy), Daw Khin Sanda Moe (Rgn), Daw Moe Kahlyar (Rgn). (WPD 3/6,7) (227) Feb. 28. People's Revolution Party. 155 Myopya Legyaung St., Saik-pyo-ye Kyauk-yedwin Ward No. 5, Mayangon T. [Rgn]. Ch Soe Lin Aung (adv.); GS Daw Zami (a) Daw Thida Swe; JGS Saw Valium (Htongyi, Pegu Div.); CEC Aung Myint (a) Saya Kyaw, Aung Paing (a) Aung Kyaw Mya, Win Maw Tun (BA), Kyaw Lay (Htongyi, Pegu Div.), Kyaw Myint (HGP), Min Zaw Oo, Daw Myint Myint Khin (Sandoway), Daw Aye Aye Paing (Sandoway), Aung Myint (Tamwe). (WPD 3/6,7) (228) Feb. 28. Union of Burma (Main) Peasant Organization (Headquarters). 95(A) Shwegondine Rd., Bahan T. [Rgn]. (WPD 3/7) Patrons: Nyunt (f. AFPFL MP) (Pauk), Ohn Maung (f. Ch. Ba-Ta-La-Sa, Mandalay Dist.), Mahn Sein Kalaung (Maubin); Ch Myuint Swe (Rgn); VCh Thwin (Mandalay), Hla (f. AFPFL leader); GS Saw Lwin; JGS Tin Win (Hlegu), Khin Maung Thaw (Yesagyo) (f. Ch Ba-Ta-La-Sa); CEC Ba Thein (Magwe Div.), Thein Han (Thongwa), San Kyi (Kyaikhtaw), Tun Win (Kachin St.), Mya Lay (Kyaungon). (WPD 3/7) (229) Feb. 28. Union of Burma (Main) Labour Organization (Headquarters). 95(A) Shwegondine Rd., Bahan T. [Rgn]. Patrons: Thakin Khin Maung Nyo (f. leader of oil field workers), Thakin Tok Kale (f. leader of oil field workers), Ba Tun (f. AFPFL Ch, Myingyan Dist.); Ch Aye Lun (f. AFPFL MP); VCh Maung Maung Than (Rgn. Div.), San Hla (f. AFPFL leader); GS Thet Win Naing; JGS Maung Ko (Rgn. Div.), Hla Myint (Thamaing); CEC Hla Thaung (Hsinbaungwe), Kyaw Nyein (Nyaungdon), Aung Ba (Twante), Thu Sein (Yenangyaung), Ba Kyaw (Kayan), Nang Hlaing (Magwe). (WPD 3/6,8) (230) Feb. 28. Chin National Youngmen Organization. Bogyoke St., Zay-thit Ward, Haka [Chin]. Ch T H Thawng Mun Than; VCh Salai Teal Moon; GS Salai Mang Pang; JGS Fung Hta Nawn; CEC Esa, Ni Hsone, Thla Uk, Nyun Zam, Sang Dwin. (WPD 3/8) (231) Feb. 28. Congress (D) Party (Burma). 350 Wezayanta St., Thingangyun T. [Rgn]. Ch Yebaw Nyi Nyi; VCh Yebaw Sein Hlaing; GS Mahuya Khin Soe; JGS Yebaw Than Win; Sec. Yebaw Maung Kyaing, Yebaw Aung Soe; CEC Yebaw Min Kyi, Yebaw Min Ko, Yebaw Aung Thu, Yebaw Aung Myaing, Yebaw Maung Maung Nyunt, Yebaw Maung Maung, Yebaw Moe Moe Tun, Yebaw Than Aye, Yebaw Tin Hla. (WPD 3/8) (232) Feb. 28. Leading Strength of National Realism Centre. 131 (gd. fl) 28th St., Pabedan T. [Rgn] Merger of following eight parties: People's Democratic Party for Stability of Freedom and Development (29); Republican Party (124); All Burma National Progressive Democracy Party (59)*; National Democracy Establishment Party (Central) (NDEP) (208); People's Pioneer Party (PPP) (162)*; League for Human Rights and Peace (LDP) (22); League for Mother Democracy (111)**; National Fitness and Peace Party (120)*. [* also a member of Union of Burma Democratic Front (215); ** also a member of United League of Democratic Parties (199)] Ch Htin Aung (29); VCh Tin Win Hlaing (208); GS Kyaw Win Khaung (124); Sec-Gen. Aung Myint (a) Hla Tin (124); Secret. Myint Sein (29), San Maung (59), Sein Min (29), Than Swe (208), Hla Soe Tint (22), Thaung Sein (29), San Shwe (162), Saya Dagon (22), Maung Maung Thein (22), Daw San Win (111), Hla Myint (59), Daw Khin Oo Myint (111), Maung Maung Khin (120). (WPD 3/10,12) (233) Feb. 28. Democratic Allies' League (DAL). 36 (1st fl.) 27th St., Pabedan T. [Rgn]. [Burmese name changed from Di-mo-cray-si Mahameik Aphwe to Di-mo-cray-si Myat Hnoe Thaw Pyithu Myar Mahameik Aphwe. (WPD 3/9)] Merger of following six parties: Democratic People's League (DPL) (66)*; Patriotic Democracy Party (154); People's Youth Federation (Burma) (4); Democratic Labour Party (Burma) (33)* **; National Peace and Comfort Party (103); All Burma National Progressive Democracy Party (59) * *** [* also a member of Union of Burma Democratic Front (215); ** also a member of United League of Democratic Parties (199); also a member of Leading Strength of National Realism Central (232)] Ch Maung Maung Ohn Myaing (Meiktila) (66); VCh Tin Aye (154); GS Sein Nyunt (Shwebo) (66); JGS Khine Mye (154); Sec. Myint Aung (indig. med.) (33), Thet Aung (4), Thakinma Daw Than Than (33), Salai Sein Maung (66), Kyaw Han (103); CEC San Maung (59), Charles Khine (103), Ohn Sein (59). (WPD 3/12) (234) Feb. 28. Union Democracy Unity Organization. 2 Hledan 6th Lane, Ward No. 3, Kamayut T [Rgn]. Patrons: Kan Myaing (Mandalay), Han Aye (Kamayut), Tin Aye (Yesagyo); Ch Naing Win (Yenangyaung); VCh Maung Maung Myint (Ahlone), Mya Win (Maubin); GS Myat Thu (Kamayut); Sec. Tint Swe (Kyaikhtaw), Mya Maung (Salin); CEC Soe Win Sein (Kemmendine), Htay Kyi (Htantabin), Myint Sein (Hlaing), Thein Tan (Syriam), Kyaw Naing (Kemmendine), Tin Aung (Kyaiklat), Soe Win (Insein), Bo Tauk (a) Thaung Tin, Tun Yi (Kungyangon), Aye Thein Kyaw (Mayangon). (WPD 3/9) [I have prepared lists, numerical and alphabetical, of all 234 Burmese Political Parties registered by the Feb. 28 deadline, including their membership in registered blocs and de-registrations to date. I can provide copies of these tables, postpaid, for $5.00 ($7.50 foreign), with checks made out, as usual, to Hugh C. MacDougall.] Draft Election Law (Summary) Mar. 1: The Multi-Party Democracy General Election Commission published the Pyithu Hluttaw Election Law (Draft) and Clarifications in a special 20-page supplement. The text provides in detail for multi-party elections. [I have transcribed the draft law and related documents, which total 16 pages, but do not have room to include the full texts in the Summary. I will be glad to send readers a copy, postpaid, on receipt of $5.00 ($7.50 foreign), with check made out, as usual, to Hugh C. MacDougall.] Features of the draft include the following: Eligibility to vote: Age 18. Citizens, associate citizens, and naturalized citizens, and diplomats and other abroad "with permission" may vote. Excluded are criminals and insane, members of religious orders (temporary or permanent as of election day), and foreigners. Eligibility to stand for election: Age 21. Only full citizens whose parents were citizens (or, where one parent was a national, the other was eligible for naturalization), and who are residents may be candidates. Excluded are members of religious orders, criminals and insane, persons having or entitled to foreign nationality or allegience, associate citizens, naturalized citizens, foreigners, members of illegal organizations, persons with ties to insurgent organizations, persons abusing religion for political purposes, members of Armed Forces, Police, or civil service, and employees of Government or State-owned economic enterprises (except pensioners). Once elected, members must preserve eligibility. Voting: Preparation of election rolls, constituencies, voting booths, etc. are prescribed in detail. Left open is whether voting will be by ballot cards or written ballots. Counting and reporting are prescribed. Single member constituencies only are allowed, and where there is only one candidate he must receive over 50% of the votes cast to win. Electoral Fraud: Electoral crimes and fraudulent procedures spelled out in detail, with penalties of fines (K 500 to K 1000) and imprisonment (6 mos. to 2 years). Disputes: Electoral tribunals having exclusive jurisdiction over disputes are established. Public Views solicited: In a separate Notification No. 242, also dated Mar. 1, the Election Commission solicits the views of the public and of political parties on the draft, to be received by Mar. 31. In particular, it requests views on the deposit to be paid by each candidate (K 5,000, K 7,500, or K 10,000), to be forfeited if he gets less than 12.5% of the votes cast (unless he wins with a lower percentage), and on whether ballot cards (to be placed in ballot boxes provided for each party) or ballot papers (to be marked by the voter and placed in a single ballot box) should be used. The Commission clearly recommends ballot papers as less susceptible to fraud, more practical when there are many parties, and used by all other multi-party democracies. (WPD 3/2) Party Signboards Ordered Mar. 16: The Elections Commission has notified all Political Parties to put up signboards at their headquarters, and to send the addresses of their headquarters to the Commission. Because some parties have moved, the Commission finds it difficult to contact them. (WPD 3/17) Party Internal Affairs Mar. 22: Election Commission Notification No. 245 of Mar. 22, 1989 states that 231 political parties have been registered [another 3 had been de-registered as of this date, making the real total 234--HCMacD.]. Complaints have been lodged by some parties over intra-party affairs. Parties form themselves without Commission supervision, and are then registered if party officials pledge that they do not violate the ineligibility rules. Rules, aims and programmes, patrons and Central Executive Committee members are put on record by registration, and the Commission continues to put on record changes when they are brought to it. "Therefore, it is hereby announced that intra-party ideological differences of any registered political party or organization are to be solved only by the party concerned, and such there is no point for the Commission to interfere and to give solutions." DIPLOMATIC Diplomatic Calls The following calls, not otherwise reported, were paid on Burmese officials by foreign Ambassadors or UN officials accredited to Burma. Feb. 23: Sri Lankan Ambassador W.A.K.M. de Silva and Egyptian Ambassador Dr. Adel Abbass El-Adwy on State LORC Secretary (1) Brig-Gen. Khin Nyunt. (WPD 2/14) Feb. 24: Australian Ambassador Christopher Lamb on Minister for Livestock & Fisheries and for Agriculture & Forests Maj-Gen. Chit Swe. (WPD 2/25) Feb. 27: Korean Ambassador Byong Hyon Kwon on Minister for Planning & Finance and for Trade Col. Abel. (WPD 2/28) Mar. 3: Korean Ambassador Byong Hyon Kwon on Gen. Saw Maung. Chinese Ambassador Cheng Ruisheng on Minister for Energy and for Mines Rear Adm. Maung Maung Khin. Nepalese Ambassador Dr. Dibya Deo Bhatt on Minister for Trade Col. Abel. (WPD 3/4) Mar. 6: Australian Ambassador Christopher Lamb on Minister for Energy and for Mines Rear Adm. Maung Maung Khin. (WPD 3/7) Mar. 7: Pakistani Ambassador Mohammed Qurban on Minister for Energy and for Mines Rear Adm. Maung Maung Khin. (WPD 3/8) Mar. 9: Chinese Ambassador Cheng Ruisheng on Minister for Planning & Finance and for Trade Col. Abel. (WPD 3/10) Mar. 10: American Ambassador Burton Levin, and Nepalese Ambassador Dr. Dibya Deo Bhatt, on State LORC Secretary (1) Brig-Gen. Khin Nyunt. (WPD 3/11) Mar. 20: Malaysian Ambassador Sallehuddin bin Abdullah on Minister for Energy and For Mines Rear-Adm. Maung Maung Khin. Australian Ambassador Christopher Lamb on Minister for Construction and for Co-operatives Brig-Gen. Aung Ye Kyaw. WHO Representative Dr. R. Chaudhury and UNICEF Representative Antonio Hidalgo on Minister for Livestock & Fisheries and for Agriculture & Forests Maj-Gen. Chit Swe. (WPD 3/21) Mar. 22: German Democratic Republic Charge d'Affaires Hans Laabs on Minister for Industry 1 and 2 Maj-Gen. Sein Aung. (WPD 3/23) Mar. 24: Pakistani Ambassador Mohammad Qurban on the Elections Commission. (WPD 3/25) Mar. 28: Lao Charge d'Affaires Veng Saysana on Minister for Industry 1 and 2 Maj-Gen. Sein Aung. UNDP Representative K. Kitatani, and the Acting UNICEF Representative Minister for Health Dr. Pe Thein. (WPD 3/29) Mar. 30: Chilian Ambassador Rear-Adm. Sergio Fernando Cabezas Dufeu on LORC Chairman Saw Maung and on the Election Commission. Japanese Ambassador Hiroshi Ohtaka on Minister for Energy and for Mines Rear-Adm. Maung Maung Khin. Chinese Ambassador Cheng Ruisheng on Minister for Culture and for Information Maj-Gen. Phone Myint, to discuss a theatre building project. Soviet Ambassador Sergei P. Pavlov on Minister for Livestock & Fisheries and for Agriculture & Forests Maj-Gen. Chit Swe. (WPD 3/31) Ambassador to Laos Feb. 25: U Aye Kyaw, Burmese Ambassador to Laos, presented his credentials in Vientiane on Feb. 21. (WPD 2/25) Hungarian Ambassador Approved Mar. 3: The Burmese Government approved the nomination of Dr. Andras Balogh as Hungarian Ambassador to Burma. Born in Budapest in 1944, Ambassador Balogh received an MA in History at the Budapest Eotvos Lorand University of Sciences in 1967, a doctor's degree in history in 1970 and a Ph.D. in 1976. From 1966-70 he was President of the Students Union, and from 1970-76 Assistant and later Senior Professor, at the University. From 1976-83 he was Advisor of the International Department of the Central Committee of the Hungarian Socialist Workers Party, and from 1983-88 Head of the Department in the College of Political Sciences. He is concurrently accredited to India, and resident in New Delhi, and is married. (WPD 3/3) Ambassador to China Named Mar. 8: U Tin Aung Tun was named Burmese Ambassador to China. (WPD 3/8) Seoul Embassy Opened Mar. 10: Burma will open an Embassy in Seoul, Republic of Korea, with a resident Burmese Ambassador. Burma has had diplomatic relations with the Republic of Korea since 1975, but the Burmese Ambassador in Tokyo has been concurrently accredited to Seoul. [Relations with North Korea were "disestablished" in 1983, following the North Korean terrorist bombing of a South Korean delegation visiting Rangoon.--HCMacD] (WPD 3/10). Mar. 27: The new Embassy opened. (WPD 3/27) Ambassador to Australia Mar. 11: U Thein Myint on Mar. 2 presented his credentials in Canberra as Burmese Ambassador to Australia. (WPD 3/11) Ambassador to Korea Named Mar. 17: U Aye Khin was named Burmese Ambassador to Korea. (WPD 3/17) Ambassador to Hungary Named Mar. 17: U Than Tun, Burmese Ambassador to Czechoslovakia, was named concurrently as Burmese Ambassador to Hungary. (WPD 3/17) Turkish Ambassador Arrives Mar. 20: Mr. Muammer Tuncer presented credentials to Gen. Saw Maung as Turkish Ambassador to Burma. (WPD 3/21) Ambassador to Indonesia Mar. 21: U Aung Khin presented credentials Mar. 15 in Djakarta as Burmese Ambassador to Indonesia. (WPD 3/21) INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION Aid to Mergui Fire Victims Feb. 23: The United States International Aid Agency donated K 160,310 (= US$ 25,000) to the Burma Red Cross for victims of the Mergui fire of Feb. 16. Ambassador Burton Levin made the presentation to Burma Red Cross Chairman U Kyi. [photo] (WPD 2/24) Mar. 3: Japan donated medicines, blankets, and equipment worth Yen 18,050,000 (K 912,446) to the Mergui fire victims. The Chinese Red Cross donated K 64,665 to the Burma Red Cross. (WPD 3/4) Mar. 9: UNICEF donated blankets and tents, etc., worth US$ 12,000 for the Mergui fire victims. (WPD 3/10) Mar. 24: UNDRO (United Nations Disaster Relief Organization) donated cloth and blankets worth K 120,000 to Mergui fire victims. (WPD 3/25) Australian Election Aid Mar. 8: The Election Commission of Australia presented the Burma Elections Commission with samples of folding voting booths and ballot boxes, as have long been used in Australia. (WPD 3/9) FOREIGN VISITORS Thai Delegation Leaves Feb. 23: The special delegation from the Thai Prime Minister, headed by Mr. Prapat Pothasuthon of the Special Committee to Eliminate Smuggling, left. (WPD 2/24) Thai Education Delegation Feb. 25: The Thai education delegation, led by Dr. Kramol Thongdamachart, called on State LORC Chairman Gen. Saw Maung. It had visited Mandalay, Taunggyi, and Pagan. The delegation left in the evening. [details of delegation and its itinerary.] (WPD 2/27) Thai Agriculture Minister Feb. 28: A 15-member delegation led by Thai Minister of Agriculture and Co-operative Lt-Col. Sanan Khajornprasart arrived in Rangoon; it will remain until Mar. 1 to discuss trade. (WPD 3/1) // Mar. 1: The delegation left. Col. Arcorn Saisa-Ard, Managing Director of the Forest Industries Organization of the Thai Ministry held talks with Burmese ministries. (WPD 3/2) Thai Delegation Mar. 7: A 22 member Thai Delegation, representing the Thai Prime Minister, headed by the Thai Foreign Minister's Secretary Mr. Montri Danphaiboon, arrived Mar. 6. Five members called on Minister for Planning & Finance and for Trade Col. Abel. (WPD 3/8) Thai Military Delegation Mar. 17: A Thai military delegation headed by Col. Dr. Visarn Chanarat met with Commander-in-Chief (Army) Lt-Gen. Than Shwe and LORC Secretaries (1) and (2) Brig-Gens. Khin Nyunt and Tin Oo. (WPD 3/18) UNDP Regional Director Mar. 22: UNDP Regional Representative for Asia and the Pacific and Deputy Assistant Administrator Arthur Holcombe called on Minister for Planning & Finance and for Trade Col. Abel. (WPD 3/23) Maldive Delegation Mar. 24: Director Moosa Ismail and Deputy Director Moohamed Abdul Azeez of the Maldive State Trading Organization called on Minister for Planning & Finance and for Trade Col. Abel. (WPD 3/25) WHO Regional Director Mar. 28: WHO Director of the South-East Asia Regional Office Mr. N. P. H. Milner called on Minister for Health and for Education Dr. Pe Thein to discuss continued WHO aid to Burmese health projects. (WPD 3/29) BURMESE DELEGATIONS Return from Hirohito Funeral Mar. 4. Minister for Health and for Education Dr. Pe Thein returned from the funeral of Emperor Hirohito in Japan. (WPD 3/5) Red Cross Delegation Mar. 25: A Burma Red Cross delegation headed by Rangoon Division Red Cross Brigade Affairs Committee Secretary U Khin Maung Oo and Irrawaddy Division member U Hla Thein left for New Delhi to attend the World Assembly of Youth from Mar. 27-30. (WPD 3/16) BURMA GAZETTE Probationary Appointments The State LORC appointed on probation: Mar. 9: Col. Win Zaw Nyunt (BC/7878), Commander of the No. 99 Light Infantry Division, Ministry of Defence, to be Managing Director, Textile Industries Corporation, Ministry of Industry (1). (WPD 3/9) Mar. 16: Col. Myo Min, General Manager, Agricultural and Farm Produce Trading Corporation, Ministry of Trade, to be Managing Director, Inspection and Agency Corporation, same Ministry. (WPD 3/16) Appointments The State LORC has transferred and appointed: Mar. 2: U Tun Shwe, Director-General, Customs Department, Ministry of Planning and Finance, to be Director-General, Labour Department, Ministry of Labour. Col. Khin Nyein, Director-General, Immigration & Manpower Department, Ministry of Home & Religious Affairs, to be Director-General, Customs Department, Ministry of Planning and Finance. (WPD 3/2) Mar. 9: U Maung Maung Than, Managing Director, Myanma Foreign Trade Corporation, Ministry of Planning & Finance, to be Managing Director, Myanma Insurance Corporation, same Ministry. U Ko Ko Gyi, Managing Director, Myanma Insurance Corporation, Ministry of Planning & Finance, to be Managing Director, Myanma Foreign Trade Bank, same Ministry. Col. Aung Ko, Managing Director, Textile Industries Corporation, Ministry of Industry (1), to be Director-General, Industrial Planning Department, same Ministry. (WPD 3/9) Mar. 16: U Maung Maung Kyaw, Managing Director, Inspection and Agency Corporation, Ministry of Trade, to be Director-General, Department of Trade, same Ministry. (WPD 3/16) GOVERNMENT Union Day Message Feb. 12: 42nd Union Day message, from State LORC Chairman Gen. Saw Maung [text]: Esteemed brothers and sisters from all the national groups of Burma, I heartily greet all of you on this auspicious occasion of the 42nd Anniversary of the Union Day of Burma which falls on 12 February 1989. The Union of Burma is a nation in which the people of all the national groups have been living together in friendship and co-operation since time immemorial. Just as the respective national groups of the Union have built up and strengthened the motherland all through the ages of history, so also have they stood up, defended and safeguarded the State whenever the need arose. In striving to break out of the shackles of servitude under the colonial rule of the British imperialism, the national groups of the Union unitedly joined hands together and signed the historic "Pinlon Sargyoke" (The Panglong Agreement) on this day 42 years ago. I emphatically urge all the people belonging to all the various national groups of the Union to adopt the tasks of strengthening the solidarity of all the national groups and ensuring the perpetuation of the Independence and Sovereignty of the Union, which are the essence of the Panglong Agreement, as the objectives of the 42nd Anniversary of the Union Day and to unitedly strive to prevent disintegration of the Union and to strengthen the solidarity of all the national groups. (WPD 2/12) Civil Service Wage Raise Mar. 3: Government wages and salaries were revised on Apr. 1, 1948 and again on Oct. 1, 1972. Additional cost of living allowances have been provided from time to time. Because of increased living costs, Government wages and salaries are now raised again, effective Apr. 1, l989, as follows [in Kyats]: Old Wage New Wage Daily rate 8.50/day 15/day 1 100-2-110 450-25-600 2 110-3-125 } 625-25-725 125-5-150 } 3 130-10-200} 750-25-850 150-10-220} 160-10-230} 4 185-15-305} 875-25-975 210-15-330} 260-15-380} 5 300-15-420} 1000-25-1100 320-15-440} 360-20-480} 6 400-20-520 1125-25-1225 7 450-25-700} 1250-25-1350 500-30-800} 8 800-40-1000 1400-50-1500 9 1000-50-1200 1700 10 1300 (fixed) 1800 11 1400 (fixed) 1900 12 1500 (fixed) 2000 Note: Increments will be given [only] once every two years. Salaries of personnel of the Tatmadaw (Army, Navy and Air Force) are also revised in conformity to the above rates. Ministry of Planning & Finance Notification No. 14 of Mar. 3, 1989. Sd. Col Abel, Minister. (WPD 3/4) Mar. 7,8,10: Feature articles, A great relief to the service personnel, by Kyaw Sein, on happiness of civil servants at receiving the raise. (WPD 3/7,8,10) Mar. 21: Gratitude expressed by workers for increasing pay scale, by Win Htay. (WPD 3/21) Tax Law Changes Mar. 22: Tax laws are amended as follows (summary): [Texts on request] State LORC Law No. 6/89 of Mar. 22, 1989, the Law Amending the Income-tax Law, -- deletes the Preamble of the Income Tax Law, 1974; -- provides for Associations, and for Foreigners residing in Burma; -- defines companies, citizens, capital assets, and capital gains; -- provides for the granting of income tax exemptions and relief, especially for newly established businesses; -- redefines sources of income; -- provides for sales of capital assets and for deduction of expenses; -- amends some penal provisions; -- makes other apparently minor changes. State LORC Law No. 7/89 of Mar. 22, 1989, the Law Amending the Profit Tax Law, -- deletes the Preamble of the Profit Tax Law, 1976; -- provides for companies, foreigners residing in Burma, partnerships and joint-ventures; -- provides for Central Appellate Committees. State LORC Rules No. 1/89, of Mar. 22, 1989, the Rules Amending the Income Tax Rules, -- Change Chapter IV on the computation and assessment of capital gains. (WPD 3/23) 1989-90 Budget Mar. 22: State LORC Law No. 8/89 of Mar. 22, l989, the State Budget Law, 1989, -- provides textually, in detail for receipts and expenditures, reserve funds, loans, development committees and municipalities, and income tax [text on request--HCMacD.] -- provides following 1989-90 Budget Figures (in kyats): Receipts-LORC,etc.: (Schedule 1) State LORC Ordinary 1,187,500 Election Commission Ordinary 100 Government Ordinary 2,000 Capital 1,500 Chief Justice Ordinary 35,000,000 Attorney-General Ordinary 8,600 Auditor-General Ordinary 380,000 TOTAL Ordinary 36,578,200 Capital 1,500 36,579,700 Expenditures-LORC etc.: (Sched. 2) State LORC Ordinary 62,225,000 Capital 6,982,640 Election Commission Ordinary 30,496,000 Capital 700 Government Ordinary 66,545,000 Capital 19,400 Chief Justice Ordinary 53,485,000 Capital 1,579,000 Attorney-General Ordinary 27,643,000 Capital 2,940,010 Auditor-General Ordinary 61,478,000 Capital 663,490 TOTAL Ordinary 301,872,000 Capital 12,186,140 314,058,140 Receipts-Ministries and Departments: (Schedule 3) Inland & consumption taxes Excise Duty 7,900,000 Import license 30,000,000 State lottery 150,000,000 Transport taxes 10,988,200 Commodity & Service taxes 2,009,600,000 Stamp sales 20,096,000 Income & ownership taxes Income tax 77,575,000 Profit tax 527,723,000 Customs duties Customs duties 1,000,000,000 Levies on state-owned properties Land Rev. taxes 40,782,000 Water & embank.tax 14,608,700 Forest prod. tax 134,373,100 Minerals tax 6,000,000 Fisheries tax 33,600,000 Rubber tax 135,000 Receipts from State Econ. Organizations 2,968,883,000 (WPD 3/24) Foreign Affairs Ordinary 847,000 Capital 293,000 Defence Ordinary 18,687,000 Home and Religious Affairs Ordinary 22,902,000 Capital 348,000 Foreign Aid 4,573,000 Social Welfare Ordinary 1,117,000 Foreign Aid 44,000 Information Ordinary 2,214,000 Foreign Aid 2,940,000 Culture Ordinary 860,000 Foreign Aid 20,000,000 Education Ordinary 118,664,000 Foreign Aid 3,830,000 Health Ordinary 38,943,000 Foreign Aid 30,420,000 Loans 40,494,000 Labour Ordinary 21,000 Capital 100 Foreign Aid 205,000 Agriculture & Forests Ordinary 171,156,000 Capital 500,000 Foriegn Aid 58,468,000 Loans 31,680,000 Livestock Breeding & Fisheries Ordinary 13,052,000 Foreign Aid 2,000 Mines Ordinary 3,760,000 Capital 40,000 Industry No. 1 Ordinary 1,997,000 Capital 50,000 Foreign Aid 23,884,000 Industry No. 2 (nil) Energy Foreign Aid 862,000 Construction Ordinary 31,875,000 Interest 507,800 Foreign Aid 58,000 Loan Recoveries 1,120,000 Loan Receipts 203,000 Transport and Communications Ordinary 28,432,000 Foreign Aid 4,501,000 Loan Receipts 3,792,000 Trade Ordinary 101,000 Co-operatives Ordinary 5,629,000 Foreign Aid 12,374,000 Planning and Finance Ordinary 27,612,000 Interest 265,265,000 Capital 34,000 Foreign Aid 7,363,000 Loan Recoveries 354,596,000 Loan Receipts 190,400,000 Investment Rec'ts 4,231,000 TOTALS Taxes 4,063,381,000 Rec'ts from State Econ. Orgs. 2,968,883,000 Ordinary 488,170,000 Interest 265,772,800 Capital 1,265,700 Foreign Aid 169,524,000 Loan Recoveries 355,716,000 Loan Receipts 266,569,000 Investment Rec'ts 4,231,000 8,583,512,500 (WPD 3/25) Expenditures-Ministries and Departments: (Schedule 4) Foreign Affairs Ordinary 62,630,000 Grant Aid 652,000 Capital 8,987,840 Defence Ordinary 1,869,247,000 Capital 373,085,000 Home and Religious Affairs Ordinary 618,412,000 Grant Aid 11,190,700 Capital 60,144,490 Social Welfare Ordinary 17,737,000 Grant Aid 3,743,000 Capital 3,690,000 Information Ordinary 87,615,000 Capital 8,461,400 Culture Ordinary 7,025,000 Grant Aid 13,000 Capital 35,710,200 Education Ordinary 1,051,555,000 Interest 5,100 Grant Aid 200,000 Capital 151,784,190 Health Ordinary 415,275,000 Grant Aid 4,967,000 Capital 117,334,200 Labour Ordinary 12,725,000 Grant Aid 8,610,000 Capital 2,000,700 Agriculture & Forests Ordinary 621,574,000 Grant Aid 347,500 Capital 417,318,000 Livestock Breeding & Fisheries Ordinary 38,838,000 Capital 16,573,480 Mines Ordinary 33,945,000 Interest 4,000 Capital 5,993,300 Industry No. 1 Ordinary 16,401,000 Capital 106,021,370 Industry No. 1 Ordinary 1,195,000 Energy Ordinary 2,378,000 Capital 1,083,400 Construction Ordinary 307,531,000 Capital 272,599,970 Money Lent Out 1,724,000 Transport and Communications Ordinary 76,772,000 Interest 711,000 Grant Aid 1,227,900 Capital 119,343,270 Loans Repaid 2,725,000 Trade Ordinary 6,558,000 Grant Aid 250,000 Capital 114,720 Co-operatives Ordinary 117,361,000 Capital 2,658,760 Planning and Finance Ordinary 119,244,000 Interest 369,585,000 Grant Aid 33,019,000 Capital 14,282,370 Loans Repaid 284,148,000 Investments 22,188,000 Savings 150,000 Pensions and Gratuities Ordinary 320,015,000 Gratuities and Commuted Pensions Ordinary 82,000,000 Reserved Fund Reserved fund 100,000,000 TOTALS Ordinary 5,887,043,000 Interest 370,305,100 Grant Aid 64,230,100 Capital 1,717,186,740 Money Lent Out 1,724,000 Loans Repaid 286,873,000 Investments 22,188,000 Savings 150,000 Reserved Fund 100,000,000 8,449,699,940 (WPD 3/25) Receipts-State Economic Organizations-: (Schedule 5) Ordinary 24,398,079,200 Capital inc. 10,000,000 Foreign aid 295,229,000 Debts recovered 33,104,900 Loans 720,794,000 25,457,207,100 Expenditures-State Economic Organizations: (Schedule 6) Ordinary 25,405,801,500 Capital 2,961,394,450 Money lent 30,703,500 Loans repaid 1,366,364,900 29,764,264,350 Receipts-Development Committees and Municipalities: (Schedule 7) Development Committees & Municipalities under the Ministry of Home and Religious Affairs: Taxes 132,717,840 Ordinary 219,047,020 Loans 27,377,600 Cantonment Development Committes under the Ministry of Defence: Taxes 256,190 Ordinary 3,783,220 383,181,870 (WPD 3/26) Expenditures-Development Committees and Municipalities: (Schedule 8) Development Committees and Municipalities under the Ministry of Home and Religious Affairs: Ordinary 295,497,700 Capital 200,292,760 Loans Repayments 57,837,000 Cantonment Development Committees under the Ministry of Defence: Ordinary 2,691,700 Capital 416,200 556,735,360 (WPD 3/29) Saw Maung Speech Mar. 27: Speaking at the 44th Armed Forces Day ceremonies, State LORC Chairman Gen. Saw Maung said [excerpts]: ...I would like to emphatically tell you, Comrades, the role and duties of our Tatmadaw. Comrades. Of the three main duties...the first is that of defending...the State.... Our State has been in existence ...for thousands of years. It is a State that had stood tall with its own kings all through the eras of Tagaung, Srikeshtra, Pagan, Myinsaing, Sagaing, Pinya, Ava and Konbaung. If we take a look back at...history...Burma...commanded respect from others. However, towards the end of the 19th century, Burma, having been attacked again and again by pernicious and aggressive capitalists and imperialists who took advantage of the internal instability of the country, lost its sovereignty...on 1st January 1886. [Formation of Tatmadaw in World War II]. Traitors, such as the BCP [and] KNU...are doing all they can to cause the disintegration of the independence...of the State.... The most important requirement ...is for all the national racial groups...to be united without harbouring suspicions against one another.... The second important duty...is that of restoring law and order and holding multi-party democracy general elections. Unscrupulous elements...caused disturbances in the State during July, August and September 1988.... Anarchism reigned supreme.... Therefore, our Tatmadaw, compelled by circumstances, had to timely arrest the deteriorated situation in the State.... But because we did not dance to their tune, some foreign countries and destructive elements...became vindictive and...they try to...foster distrust and disunity between the people and the Tatmadaw.... Under these circumstances the Tatmadaw formed the State Law and Order Restoration Council and then declared...the four tasks:... (1) to ensure maintenance of law and order.... (2) to provide secure and smooth transporation. (3) to strive for the better [economic] conditions.... (4) to hold multi-party democracy general election. [Implementation of the four tasks.]... Free and fair general election will be held throughout the country with the exception of some areas in which there is no peace...owing to ...insurgents. A new legally elected government...will come into being.... We...are to go back to our barracks.... Our Tatmadaw must not take sides with or get involved in any political parties.... The third main duty is...to raise ...military capability.... (WPD 3/28) Armed Forces Day Celebration Mar. 27: Armed Forces day was celebrated with a parade, and a speech by Gen. Saw Maung [see above]. By State LORC Notification No. 17/89 of Mar. 27, 1989, the Thura title was awarded to 19 soldiers and the Gallantry Medal to 195 soldiers [named]. Special trains carried in spectators. In the evening, Gen. Saw Maung hosted a dinner for Foreign Ambassadors and Military Attaches, and for Government officials. (WPD 3/28) [Photograph of dinner on front page shows Gen. Ne Win and Gen. Saw Maung, both in uniform and laughing, with caption: "Patron of the War Veterans Organization General Ne Win (Retired) attends the 44th Anniversary Armed Forces Day dinner hosted by State Law and Order Restoration Council Chairman General Saw Maung and wife Daw Aye Yi." (WPD 3/29) New Rangoon Street Names Mar. 26: 164 Rangoon streets with "foreign" names are changed to Burmese names, effective Mar. 27 [(old) new streetname (Twp)]: (Creek) Bo Myat Tun St (Paz); (Kennedy) U Aung Myat St (MT); (King George) Kungyan Ave (Bah); (King Edward) Bo Min Gaung Ave (MT); (Little Sisters) Daw Thein Tin Rd (MT); (Evanson) Myayagon St (MT); (Keighley) Wardan St (Lan); (Goodliffe) Saya San Rd (Bah); (Godwin) Myoma Kyaung Rd (Dag); (Signal Pagoda) Alanpya Paya Rd (Dag); (Bowlane) Banya Dala Rd (MT); (Boundary) Dhammazedi Rd (Dag); (Masjid) Thamein Bayan Rd (Tam); (Lansdowne) Yazadirit Rd (Bot); (Link {Thamaing}) Kyaikwaing Paya Rd (May); (Lewis) Seikkantha St (Kyauk); (Victoria) Gyobyu Ave (Bah/Dag); (Windsor) Shin Paw Pu Rd (San); (Bigandete/Fraser/Canal) Anawrahta St (Kyauk/Pab/Lan); (Stockade/Judaiezkal) Theinbyu Rd (Paz/Bot/MT); (Campbell) Ngahtagyi Paya Rd (Bah); (College) Thakin Mya Pangyan St (Ahl); (Convocation) Bwehninthabin St (Kam); (Corporation) Sibin St (Kyauk); (Cushing/ West) Aungyadana Rd (Ahl); (Chin-Tsong) Kanbawza Ave (Bah); (Chancellor) Adipata Rd (Kam); (Stewart) Mawkundaik Rd (Dag); (Suburban) Nguwa Rd (Ahl); (Furka) Sagazein Rd (Ahl); (St John's) Minye Kyawzwa Rd (Lan); (Mission) [not given] (Lan); (Sandwith) Natshinnaung Rd (Dag); (Simpson) Pantra Rd (Dag); (Tank) Thantaman Rd (Dag); (Transport) Arzani Rd (Dag); (Dubern) Malihka Rd (May); (Newlynn) Sagawa Rd (Dag); (Fytche) Shan Rd (Ahl); (York) U Po Hlaing Rd (Dag); (Lancaster) Nawaday Rd (Dag); (Sharraz) Ban Rd (Kyauk); (Leeds) Kayebin Rd (Dag); (Link) Shwegondaing Rd (Bah); (Lowis) Inya Myaing St (Bah); (Windermere) Thanlwin Rd (Kam/Dag); (Lower Windermere) Chindwin Rd (Dag); (Windermere Court) Shweli Rd (Dag); (Windermere Garden) Uyin Rd (Dag): (Windermere Park) Zawgyi Rd (Dag); (Windermere Crescent) Panwa Rd (Dag); (Hermitage) Thathana Yeiktha Rd (Bah/San); (Hume) Panhlaing Rd (Kem); (Innes) [not given] (Kem); (Clarke Rd) 55th St (Bot); (Kent) Samon Rd (Dag); (Kalima) Maha Bawga Rd (San); (Krask) Theinngi Rd (Thi); (Chumarphee) Hninzi Rd (Ahl); (Church) Eindawya Rd (Dag); (Krishna) Yankin Rd (San); (Chunsport) Aungthiri Rd (Thi); (Goodliffe Yeiktha) Tharrawaddy Rd (Bah); (Guru) Thukhamein Rd (San); (Starr Red) Nwethaki Rd (Ahl); (Subramani) Yadana Rd (San); (St Vincent) Zawtika Rd (Kam); (St Anthony) U Po Kyar Rd (MT); (St Michael 1st & 2nd) Yedwingon 1st & 2nd Lane (Kem); (Surtee Garden) Pangyan Rd (San); (Solomon) U Yin Rd (Thi); (Temple) Wutkyun Rd (Bot); (Temple) Bawga Rd (Thi); (Carpentine) Yuzana Rd (Thi); (Tower Lane) Bogyoke Pyadaik Rd (Bah); (Dufferin) Sandaku Rd (Bot); (Doopley) Myenigon Zay St (San); (Norman School) Nantha Rd (Ahl); (Nicole Rd) Ngamoeyaik (MT); (Nathar) Myawaddy Rd (San); (Pine) Theinni Rd (Kem); (Pandiya) Thawka Rd (Thi); (Fraser) Tawwin St (Dag); (Foyle) Yanpaing Rd (Ahl); (Forsythe) Kinwunmingyi Rd (Dag); (Vinton) Thita St (Ahl/Kem); (Bloke) Bandabin St (Kem); (Budd) Padonma Rd (Dag); (Butterfield) Hninzigon Rd (Thi); (Busk) Mingala Rd (Thi); (McGregor) Thitsa Rd (MT); (Mayo) Mayyu St (Bot); (Mt Pleasant) Pale Rd (Bot); (Morgan Wood) Dhammayon Rd (San); (Musagee) Aungdawmu Rd (San); (Martin Ave) Kabaung Rd (Kam); (Mohammed Patail) Cetana Rd (San); (Mullah Isman) Padetha Rd (San); (Madarasa) Boe Moe Rd (San); (Mahu Raja) Mahamyaing Rd (Thi); (Union) Pyidaungsu Rd (San); (Yard) Thallawaddy Rd (May); (Short) Khatta Rd (San); (Rishi) Thabenyo Rd (San); (Sheik Muran) Aung Mingala Rd (Thi); (Rahman) Yuwa Rd (Thi); (Reddiar Ave) Wingaba Lane (Bah); (Lloyd) Minkyaung Rd (Dag); (Lawford) Swedaw Rd (Dag); (Lakshmi) Thukha Rd (San); (Victoria) Thidaaye Rd (Thi); (William) Yadana Rd (Thi); (1st - 4th Thompson Ave) Botataung 1st - 4th Lanes (Bot); (Haji A & B) Thayettaw 1st Lane (Kem); (Haji 2nd - 4th) Thayettaw 2nd - 4th Lanes (Kem); (Harding) Aungthukha Rd (Kem); (Harmission) Hintha Rd (Thi); (Hazelwood) Eyamyaing Rd (Bot); (Adamson) 54th St (Bot); (Abuketaba) Kyosetyon Rd (Thi); (Eden) Botataung Zay Rd (Paz); (Arrow Lane) Naungyo Rd (MT); (Anglamin) Thirimingala St (San); (Allawah) Thawda Rd (San); (Arnold) Pyidawtha Rd (Thi); (Saya Mark) Waibagi Rd (Ahl); (K) Karamet Rd (Paz); (Cohen) Thitkhwapan Rd (Kem); (Kate) Kyanyo Rd (Paz); (Cohen) Ywethla (May(Gyogon)); (Chin-Tsong 1st - 5th) Dawna 1st - 5th Lanes (Kem); (J Rd) Nathaphyu St (Paz); (Joseph) Myanma Gonyaung Rd (Tam); (Grant) Kyaphyu (Bot); (Nicholas) Hnipan Rd (Kam); (Nekrom) Naykya St (Paz); (Port Commissioner) Yewun Rd (Paz); (Pine Cross (1) - (3)) Theinni Cross Rd (1) - (3) (Ahl); (Peter) Kyaipya Rd (Kam); (Franklyn) Thazin Rd (Ahl); (Volgatan) Bawga Rd (Kem); (Battery) Warazein Rd (Bot); (Liffey) Mipya Rd (Bot); (Heath) Seinchai Rd (Paz); (Elgin) E-karit Rd (Bot); (Attia) Thiri Mingala Rd (Kam); ((a) Park Lane) Natmauk 1st Lane (Bah); ((b) Park Ave) Natmauk 2nd Lane (Bah). (WPD 3/27) (Ady) Maykha Rd (May). (WPD 3/29) MILITARY Donations to Military Occasional lists continued of private donations "for the Tatmadawmen who are serving in front areas." Insurgent Attacks Feb. 18: KNU insurgents on Feb. 27 fired three rockets into Myawaddy from the Wa-kha-yaung camp, but did no damage. (WPD 3/1) Feb. 23: A Maymyo-Lashio freight train was mined and attacked Feb. 22, and a locomotive derailed. (WPD 2/26) Feb. 24: KNU insurgents fired two rockets into Myawaddy; no casualties. (WPD 2/26) Feb. 25: An SSA insurgent group on Feb. 23 killed two villagers in Namhmyaw village, Lashio Twp. 3 Pa-O insurgents on Feb. 21 fired on a bus between Hopung and Mongmon, killing 1 passenger and wounding 2. (WPD 2/27) Feb. 26: 20 KNU insurgents on Feb. 24 robbed passengers of two jeeps near the Ale-bote camp, between Myawaddy and Kawkareik, taking K 150,000 in cash and valuables. 20 Karenni insurgents (splinter group), under BCP control, extorted protection money on the Loikaw-Hsiseng road on Feb. 23, taking K 32,250 and burning 2 pony carts. KNU insurgents on Feb. 21 robbed a pickup between Myawaddy and Kawkareik, stealing K 70,000 and goods. (WPD 2/27) Feb. 27: KNU insurgents shot a villager in Kyauk-ka-hnya village, Yebyu Twp. [Tenasserim] on Feb. 22. (WPD 2/28) Mar. 4: KNU insurgents robbed a passenger bus on Feb. 26 between Kawkareik and Myawaddy, but fled when security forces appeared. (WPD 3/5) Mar. 8: KNU insurgents fired 7 rockets into Myawaddy, but caused no casualties. (WPD 3/9,10) Mar. 13: KNU insurgents on Mar. 12 fired 4 rockets and 3 mortar shells into Myawaddy, killing 3 and wounding 3. (WPD 3/14) Mar. 19: Insurgents on Mar. 18 blew up Bridge No. 644, at mile post No. 555 on the Lashio-Namhmyaw railway line. (WPD 3/20) Mar. 21: KNU insurgents on Mar. 20 attacked Shwegun from Wepyan mountain range with 7 rockets, killing 2 and wounding a child. They attacked Myawaddy from Htiwakha old camp with 10 rockets, without any casualties. (WPD 3/22) Mar. 28: KNU insurgents fired 29 rockets from the old Wakha camp into Myawaddy, wounding 20 people. (WPD 3/29) Insurgents Surrender Mar. 7: 14 insurgents surrendered, with their arms, in February. [names and details.] (WPD 3/8) Annual Military Summary Mar. 24-27: The Tatmadaw summarized military activities from March 1988 to March 1989: Northern Command: There were 3 major battles and 429 skirmishes. -- Apr. 30-May 8, 1988, the Army captured the Hangsen camp of the Tankun Naga insurgents in Lahe Twp. [Sagaing]. 13 enemy bodies were found and 11 weapons captured. -- Nov. 3-12, 1988, the Army attacked 500 KIA insurgents at Dawhpumyang camp near Yinkhwai Hill, Momauk Twp. [Kachin]. 25 bodies were found and 1 weapon captured. -- KIA insurgents attacked Mohnyin Nov. 27, and 300 of them attacked the Army camps in Sinbo village Dec. 7, but were repulsed with air support. 15 insurgents were killed. -- In all clashes from Mar. 21, 1988-Mar. 20, 1989, 126 Army died and 175 were wounded. 209 enemy bodies were found, 79 were captured, and 94 surrendered. 177 weapons were seized [details given] including an elephant, 0.9 kilos of heroin, 50.77 viss of opium, and 12,950.26 viss of jade. [map] (WPD 3/24) North-East Command: There were 3 major battles and 727 skirmishes. -- Mar. 29, 1988, 15 SSA insurgents were attacked near Manwein village, Mong Reh Twp. 6 enemy were "captured dead" and 3 weapons seized. -- Apr. 8-9, soldiers met 30 BCP insurgents (805 battalion) at Montet village, Namtu Twp. 4 enemy were captured dead; 3 weapons and opium were seized. -- Apr. 17, soldiers met 10 KIA insurgents near Mutlan village, Kutkai Twp. 1 insurgent was captured dead; 5 weapons, 203 kilos of opium, and 11 kilos of morphine base were seized. -- May 20, soldiers met 20 KIA insurgents near Namtok village, Hsenwi Twp. 5 enemy were captured dead and 5 weapons seized. -- Aug. 5, soldiers found 60 SSA insurgents near Panlao village, Kyaukme Twp. 6 enemy were captured dead and 4 weapons seized. -- Nov. 4, soldiers fought BCP insurgents near Omli village, Hsenwi Twp., and were attacked by 100 BCP's. 1 soldier died and 1 was missing; 4 enemy were captured dead and 1 weapons seized. Between Mar. 2, 1988 and Mar. 20, 1989, 124 Tatmadawmen died and 128 were wounded. 242 enemy were captured dead, 94 were captured, and 75 surrendered. 208 weapons and equipment, including 345 viss of raw opium, 47.5 kilos of morphine base, 87.1 kilos of heroin, 4.2 kilos of heavy opium solution, and 349 kilos of jade, were captured [details given]. [map] (WPD 3/25) Eastern Command: There were 17 major battles and 768 skirmishes. -- July 4, 1988, SSA insurgents were attacked near Haikpa village, Monghsu Twp. [Shan]. 1 soldier died; 11 insurgents were killed and 9 weapons seized. -- Aug. 1, 1988, SSA insurgents were attacked near Hwemauing village, Kehai West. 1 soldier died; 7 insurgents were killed and 5 weapons seized. -- Aug. 30, 1988, SSA insurgents were attacked in the Mongnai sector. 10 were killed and 7 weapons seized. -- Sept. 14-Oct. 1, 1988, BCP insurgents attacked the Mong Yang defensive camps, with 30 bayonet-fightings, 14 battles, and 26 skirmishes. 52 soldiers died, 124 wounded, 8 missing, 8 weapons lost; 202 enemy bodies found and 24 weapons seized. -- Between Mar. 21, 1988 and Mar. 20, 1988, 148 soldiers died and 329 were wounded. 535 insurgents bodies were found, 104 were captured, and 157 surrendered. Many weapons [details given] were captured, including 90 viss of opium. [map] (WPD 3/26) South-East Command: There were 110 major battles and 1,252 skirmishes. -- In Mar. 1988 arms began to flow in southern Ye Twp. [Tenasserim] from Mon insurgents to Rakhine insurgents crossing to Rakhine by sea. 45 weapons and 6,000 rounds of ammunition were seized May 4. -- The 60 man KNU camp at Nat Ein Tawng, Yebyu Twp. [Tenasserim], was attacked Nov. 23; 7 enemy were "captured dead" and 7 weapons seized. -- 1,300 KNU insurgents attacked the Burma Army Me-tha-waw camps beginning Sept. 26, capturing Antkyaw camp Sept. 26 and Kasanali and Me-tha-waw camps Oct. 12. A counteroffensive recaptured them on Dec. 22, with 85 battles and 145 skirmishes. 257 Burmese troops (incl. 12 officers) died, 922 were wounded (incl. 45 officers), and 75 weapons were lost. Enemy losses were 204 "captured dead" and 22 weapons seized; total enemy dead was over 400. -- Jan. 13, 1989, Burma Army attacked the Methare camp held by KNU insurgent Kyaw Daisy. It was captured Jan. 19 after 9 battles and 3 skirmishes. 13 soldiers were killed, 98 wounded, and 4 weapons lost. Enemy losses were 18 captured dead, 36 weapons and much equipment captured; total enemy dead was over 100. -- Between Mar. 21, 1988 and Mar. 20, 1989, 365 Tatmadawmen were killed and 1,236 wounded. Of the insurgents, 516 were captured dead, 100 captured, and 77 surrendered. Seized were 12 launchers, 506 weapons, and much ammunition and equipment, including 6 elephants, 9 vehicles, 5 bulldozers and graders, 59 powerboats, etc. [details given]. [map] (WPD 3/21) Northern, North-East, Eastern, South-East, and Central Commands: Operations Thurein Tun, Aung Hein Moe, Kyaw Naing Soe, Zwe Aung Linn, and Pyi Nyein Kyaw, respectively. TOTALS: From Mar. 21, 1988 to Mar. 20, 1989 there were 3,439 battles, including 133 major battles, in which 796 Tatmadawmen died and 1,952 were wounded. Enemy losses were 1,541 "captured dead", and 396 captured alive. 4 mortars, 34 launchers, and 1,518 weapons, plus much ammunition and supplies were seized, including 3 horses, 7 elephants, 9 vehicles, 60 motorboats, 66 sawmills, and 88 kilos of heroin [details given]. During the period, 411 insurgents "returned to the fold" with 163 firearms. From Mar. 21, 1988 to Mar. 20, 1989, the Burma Navy seized 151 poaching vessels, 152 smugglers' trawlers, and 2,019 smugglers and fish poachers; the value of the seized vessels is K 254.65 lakhs. (WPD 3/21) Mawhpoke Camp Captured Mar. 26: Burma troops of the 44th Light Infantry Division on Mar. 24 attacked the KNU Mawhpoke camp in Hlaingbwe Twp. [Karen], where KNU Col. Maung Maung of the 22 battalion had his headquarters, and captured it on Mar. 26 despite heavy opposition from 700 insurgents. There were 20 battles and 15 skirmishes. 38 soldiers (incl. 1 officer) were killed and 189 (incl. 9 officers) wounded. Many insurgents were killed, but only 74 were "captured dead", and 32 weapons were seized. [map] (WPD 3/21) ECONOMIC Forest Protection Feb. 24: Cont. feature series on Forest conservation work essential for timber production, by Ye Myint Pe. [(6) Regeneration of quality teak species being carried out.] (WPD 2/24) Fisheries Development Feb. 25-Mar. 29: Series on Fish and prawns for the people, by Than Myint. [(1) Earnest efforts being made in fishery-pond work {in Maubin Twp.}. (3) Earnest efforts being made at Tattaya {Pantanaw Twp.}] (WPD 2/25-3/29) Import/Export Registrations Feb. 27: List of names and addresses of 32 exporters and 7 importers registered with the Import-Export and Commission Agency Work Registration Committee. [Names on request--HCMacD.] (WPD 2/28) Company Registrations Feb. 2: Companies Registration Office Press Release No. 1/89 lists companies and partnerships permitted to register between Feb. 1-28 under the Burma Companies Law and the Partnerships Act: Companies: Tavoy Trading Limited, Ye Rd., West Ward, Tavoy; Padamyar Construction and Woodworks (Private) (Ltd), 112-114 33rd St., Kyauktada Twp., Rgn.; Myint Mo Hein Company, Limited, Rm. No. 16, Bldg. No. 309, East Yankin, Yankin Twp., Rgn.; Burma Trading and Industrial Company, Limited, 7 33rd St., Kyauktada Twp., Rgn.; Golden Land Company, Limited, 108(A) Bo Aung Gyaw St., Botataung Twp., Rgn.; Mandalay Trading Company, Limited, 64 Mingala Rd., Shwehlan Ward, Mandalay North-East Twp., Mandalay. Partnerships: Aung Kyu and Company, 398 80th St., Mandalay South-East Twp., Mandalay; Hein Yaing General Trading, 626 80th St., Mandalay South-East Twp., Mandalay; Sein Tin and Company Felt Hat Manufacturing Works, 24 Lanthit Rd., Nanthagon Ward, Insein Twp., Rgn.; U Ah Maung and Brothers Leather Trading, 867 Chanmyathazi South, Mandalay South-East Twp., Mandalay; Pinlon Trading Company, Rm. 8, 80th St. (bet. 24th & 25th Sts.), Mandalay; Min Sanda Leather Trading, Site No. 867, Chanmyathazi South, Kanywa, Mandalay South-East Twp., Mandalay; U Aye Ko and Brothers Leather Trading, No. 868-869 Chanmyathazi South Ward, Mandalay South-East Twp., Mandalay; Win Brothers Leather Trading, No. 868 Chanmyathazi South, Mandalay South-East Twp., Mandalay; U Kyi Hla and Brothers Leather Trading, 258 14th St., Kantha D Ward, Magwe. (WPD 3/1) Gems Emporium Mar. 4: The 26th Burma Gems, Jade and Pearl Emporium will be held Mar. 8-14. A total of 920 lots of gems, etc., worth US$ 15,259,835 will be offered, plus jewellery valued at US$ 2,167,395 and jade jewellery valued at US$ 351,560; 393 gem merchants from 166 companies in 16 countries are expected to attend. (WPD 3/5) Mar. 5-6: Combination of natural quality and fine arts, by Myint Thein Aung, describes gems offered. (WPD 3/5,6) Mar. 8: 43 lots of jade sold for US$ 1,336,097. Jewellery sold for US$ 23,660; jade carvings for US$ 79,600. Total: US$ 1,439,357. (WPD 3/9) Mar. 9: 49 lots of jade sold for US$ 1,005,010. Cumulative totals of jewellery were US$ 30,745; jade carvings US$ 85,151. Cumulative totals: US$ 2,457,300. 262 merchants from 151 companies in 12 countries present. (WPD 3/10) Mar. 10: 73 lots of jade sold for US$ 2,838,502. Cumulative totals of jewellery were US$ 65,505 and jade carvings US$ 559,000. Cumulative totals: US$ 5,331,680. 311 merchants from 179 companies in 14 countries present. (WPD 3/11) Mar. 11: 19 lots of jade sold for US$ 229,760, for a cumulative total of 184 lots of jade for US$ 5,409,369. Cumulative totals of jewellery were US$ 86,635 and jade carvings US$ 87,646. Cumulative totals: US$ 5,583,650. 322 merchants from 184 companies in 14 countries present. The annual dinner was held at the Inya Lake Hotel. (WPD 3/12) Mar. 12: 160 lots of gems were sold for US$ 875,098. Cumulative total for jewellery and jade carvings was US$ 206,451. Cumulative totals: US$ 6,490,918. 336 merchants from 14 countries present. (WPD 3/14) Mar. 13: 95 lots of pearls were sold for US$ 3,339,569. Cumulative total for jewellery and jade carvings was US$ 210,223. Cumulative totals: US$ 9,834,259. (WPD 3/14) Mar. 14: 121 lots of pearls were sold for US$ 1,408,872. Cumulative total for jewellery and jade carvings was US$ 223,778. Cumulative totals: US$ 11,256,686. (WPD 3/15) Mar. 15: Diplomats on the final day bought US$ 23,523 of jewellery and jade carvings, to be added to the US$ 223,778 sold during the Emporium. Total value of all sales at the 26th Gems, Jade and Pearl Emporium was US$ 11,280,209 (K 72,920,911). (WPD 3/16) Mar. 22,26,29: Burma's valuable jade, by Hla Thein Aung. [Interviews with jade buyers.] Mar. 30-31: We are proud of Burma's valuable gems, by Hla Thein Aung. [Interviews with gem buyers.] Shan Bus Fares Mar. 14: Bus fares in Shan State have been reduced as of January by from one-half to two-thirds or more [long list of specific routes and rates]. (WPD 3/15) Burmese Teak Mar. 14: Feature article on The best Burmese teak and highest quality, by Ko Ye. "Burma is a country where the best quality of teak is produced.... There is no country in the world which looks after its forests better than our country and where forests nurseries are being raised in a more systematic manner," said Timber Corporation General Manager U Myint Aung. Monthly auctions to foreign companies began June 1988, with results as follows: date tonnage US$ realized 6/17/88 3,620 2,754,702 7/15/88 4,912 3,886,829 10/17/88 6,391 6,084,336 11/l7/88 5,455 5,124,671 12/15/88 5,150 4,951,286 1/19/89 6,948 5,620,000 2/16/89 4,390 3,280,000 2/17/89* 3,915 3,500,000 40,779 35,140,000 *-in Pyinmana. Arrangements on the Burma-Thai border allow sales of teak and hardwoods to foreign companies under contracts; 50,000 tons (10,000 teak, 40,000 hardwood) may be extracted per plot. 17 plots at Ponpakyin camp (Shan) have been contracted, and arrangements are being made for 20 in 1989. 57 companies have put in tenders, from Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, India, Hongkong, Korea, Japan, and USA. (WPD 3/15) Mar. 18-19: Feature article on Systematic extraction and conservation of timber, by Hla tun and Myint Lwin, denies "slanderous rumours" in "some foreign newspapers" that teak is being cut too young and Burmese forests depleted. According to Forest Department Director-General U Ba Thwin: -- out of Burma's 261,228 sq. miles land area, 110,549 is covered with forest, of which 87,876 is good and 22,673 is poor. There is a forest reserve area of 38,875 sq. miles (25 million acres), and 722 reserve forests. Most forests are deciduous, not teak. -- teak is growing on 14,717,000 acres of reserve forest and 27,251,000 acres outside, for a total of 41,968,000 acres. -- annual timber production is 350,000 cubic tons of teak and 2,200,000 cubic tons of hardwood. -- 81,800 acres of plantation, including 28,100 of teak and 52,700 of hardwood, were set up annually between 1983-84 and 1987-88. -- "Forests in Burma are managed under the Burma Selections System. As long as they are managed in this way, there will be no depletion of forests." [System described] -- In 1988-89, 10,600 acres were used for regeneration; felling of over-shadowing trees was done on 22,510 acres; pest climbers were removed on 408,000 acres; 1,165 miles of forest circles boundaries were redemarcated, and 1,515 miles of plot boundaries were redemarcated. -- Annual production targets are 300,000 tons of teak (which can be maintained through year 2000) and 2,200,000 tons of hardwood. (WPD 3/18,19) First Private Export Mar. 16: The first private export from Burma was made by U Win Swe of WYX Enterprises, 21 Golden Valley, Rangoon, who has exported 120 tons of cane to Fabis Enterprise of Singapore. (WPD 3/17) Rice Marketing Committee Mar. 18: The Rangoon Division Supervision committee for bringing down commodity prices has formed the Burma Rice Millers Rice Marketing Committee, with the cooperation of the Burma Rice Millers Association and Rangoon Division Township Cooperatives, to buy and sell rice in order to stabilize and reduce rice prices. (WPD 3/19) Trains Refurbished Mar. 22: Passenger coaches on the Rangoon-Mandalay, Rangoon-Prome, Rangoon-Martaban, and Circular [commuter] lines are being renovated. The trains will resume service Mar. 27. (WPD 3/23) Mar. 28: Feature article on Arrangements made for special train service to enable passengers to travel in peace, by Ko Ye and Myint Lwin, describes renovation. It is noted that the "Rangoon circular train service has stopped since the period of past incident," but will be resumed Mar. 27. [photos] (WPD 3/28) New Pedestrian Overpasses Mar. 23: A second pedestrian overpass is being built beside the existing Sule Overbridge on Signal Pagoda Road, which was built before the War and renovated in 1957. The new overbridge, built by the Railways Corporation, will cost K 25 million, and was begun on Feb. 15; it will be opened Feb. 12, 1990. It will be 158 feet long and 50 feet wide. (WPD 3/24) Mar. 27: The new Tawwin pedestrian overpass over the Sule Pagoda Road was opened. Construction began Feb. 21 and was completed Mar. 26; the bridge is 160 feet long and 18 feet wide, and cost K 2 million. (WPD 3/28) Rainfall in Rangoon Rainfall since January 1, 1989, in inches, at Rangoon's three weather stations of Rangoon Airport (RA), Kaba-Aye (KA), and Central Rangoon (CR) was: As of RA KA CR Mar. 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mar. 15 0.00 0.00 0.35 Mar. 30 0.00 0.00 0.35 HEALTH Indigenous Medical Plants Feb. 27: Feature article on Lasting merit for saving human life, by Dr. Aung Naing (Medical Research) summarizes medicinal plant research in Burma. The public is asked to send samples to the Institute of Indigenous Medicine in Mandalay; donors will receive merit and freedom from disease in future lives. Latest statistics are that the Institute is growing 6,504 plants of 514 species, and the People's Hospital (Indigenous Medicine) in Rangoon is growing 6,967 plants of 266 species. (WPD 2/27) Dental Council Law Mar. 10: State LORC Law No. 5/89 of Mar. 10 establishes a Dental and Oral Medicine Council, with 5 members appointed by the Government and 5 chosen by the appointees, charged with licensing and regulating dentists and regulating fees. [Text on request--HCMacD.] (WPD 3/11) Sex Change Operation Mar. 18: In a sex-change operation performed in Aug. 1988 at Rangoon General Hospital by chief urologist Dr. Mya Thaung, Daw Kyi Kyi Win, a hermaphrodite, became U Kyi Win. [photos] (WPD 3/19) CULTURAL Konbaung Period Writers [Because of space limitations, we are greatly condensing our summaries of this extensive series by Aung Moe, restricting them to titles and the names, dates, and major areas of the writers discussed. We can provide full copies of the articles, at cost, on request. HCMacD.] Feb. 12. (No. 45) The Agga Maha Panditas. Saya Hpye (1850-1930), was a teacher and writer of works on grammar (Pali and Burmese) and scripture. Saya Pwar (1871-1950) was a teacher, translator, newspaper editor, and poet. Saya Linn (1874-1954) was a writer of Burmese school texts, journalist, and teacher, and editor of scriptural translations at the Burma Sasana Council. Saya Wai was born in 1825, of Mon extraction, who taught Pali, wrote scriptural commentaries, composed verses, and wrote chronicles of Syriam, Bassein, and other lower Burma towns. He retired at age 70. Feb. 26. (No. 47) The early journalists. U Shwe Kyu started the "Peacock" series of Burmese textbooks, founded the Myanma Alin Magazine in 1912, and published an English-Burmese dictionary. He was deported for nationalist activities during World War I. He died about 1928. Ledi Pandita Saya U Maung Gyi (1878-1939) was a journalist and writer of novels and historical novels. Saya Sein (1870-1942) a civil servant on Shwebo for 20 years, became General Manager and Chief Editor of Myanma Alin after 1919. Mar. 5. (No. 48) The Research Scholars. Hmawbi Saya Thein (1861-1942) was a journalist and civil servant who collected and published local history, oral history, and stone inscriptions. U Pho Sein (1872-1945), a teacher and school inspector, integrated monastic schools into the official education system, and introduced the teaching of Buddhist scriptures in schools. He wrote a series of school readers in 1912, and other texts, and his Toe Press published Notes on classics for students. Mar. 12. (No. 49) Thakin Kodaw Hmaing was the pen name of U Lun (1875-1964), a teacher, essayist, dramatist, poet, journalist, and ardent Burmese nationalist. Mar. 26. (No. 50) The two musicians. U Thet She (1875-1954) was a civil servant, journalist, nationalist, author, and movie maker. He wrote 2 plays, several metta-sars and over 40 song books. U Pyon Cho (1878-1927) was a writer, editor, stage manager, fire-works maker, and musician, best known for his songs and collection of classical songs. Religious Examinations Feb. 28: The Pariyatti oral examinations began at the Shwedagon Pagoda; 27 members of the Sangha sat for Sarchadan and 47 for ahngedan. The examinations are from Feb. 25-Mar.3. (WPD 3/1) Burmese Painting Continued series by Win Pa. Feb. 26: Burmese painting in its changing process. Changing painting styles, and particularly the arrival of European influence at the Mandalay court, and the shift from traditional to modern styles. Modern painters are cited and discussed. Mar. 19: Konbaung period paintings. Beginning of departure from traditional styles. Development of Royal Painters at the Court: 120 "gold painters" in charge of palace decorations and gilding, paid K 394 a month, and 15 "colour painters" doing murals, at K 470 a month. Mar. 26: A gallery of Amarapura Period paintings. Acceleration of changes during the later Konbaung period. Mar. 27: Burma Armed Forces war paintings. Work of Burma Armed Forces Arts Department since its foundation in 1943. Burmese Arts Miscellaneous articles on Burmese arts and crafts. Copies, at cost, on request.--HCMacD Feb. 26. Burmese wood carving and sculpture, by Soe Tint, MA. [Early Burmese woodcarving.] Mar. 5. The Quest for Burmese paintings, by Min Naing. [Burmese painting from pre-history to the present.] Mar. 12. The Anyein Thabin, by Saw Mon Nyin. [History of the anyein thabin entertainment, with illustrations from old mural paintings.] Mar. 12. U Ba Nyan's concept of Burmese paintings, by Min Naing. [Analysis of traditional Burmese designs by a colonial period painter; drawings.] Mar. 19. Nat Gadaw Dance, by Tin Tun U (Culture). [Description {partly in Burmese} of Nat Gadaw "Spirit Medium" dance with which dramatic performances used to open.] Play a Success Mar. 8: A feature article entitled Humerous play for all to enjoy, by Ko Ye, reports that the Gon-tu Gon-pyaing play which re-established legitimate theatre in Burma when it opened at Rangoon's remodelled Waziya Theatre on Feb. 10 has been playing to capacity audiences, with all 800 seats regularly sold out. (WPD 3/8) Bells of Burma Mar. 12,19: In the 8th in his series, Khin Maung Nyunt discusses "The two Ratanaponthar Bells" in the little-known Ratanaponthar Pagoda in Mandalay built in 1881 by U Pe Si. One bell, at the left, is 6' tall, 13'1" in circumference, and 4'4" in diameter, and was apparently donated by U Pe Si. Its inscription says three attempts were needed to cast it, and that it weighs 666 viss. A second bell in the inner enclosure is 4'3" tall, 8' in circumference, and 2'7" in diameter, and was cast in 1895. This copper bell, according to its inscription, "was cast by the people", and weighs 500 viss. An inscribed stone slab explains that U Pe Si was Governor of Mandalay under King Thibaw, and describes in detail his long career. (WPD 3/12,19) Toungoo TV Extended Mar. 26: As of Mar. 27, TV programmes will be extended in the Toungoo re-transmission station, and can be received within a radius of 50 miles. (WPD 3/16) Newspaper Circulation Mar. 28: The circulation of the Loktha Pyithu Nezin Burmese-language newspaper will be increased from 160,000 to 200,000 as of April 1. (WPD 3/29) MISCELLANEOUS Crime News Names, addresses, and photos of culprits generally included. Dec. 2: Taunggyi police seized 433 bottles of Phensedyl with a street value of K 77,940, and arrested two persons. The public is warned against the illegal installation of telephones. (WPD 12/4/ 1988) Feb. 24: Lashio police seized 1 kilo of heroin on Feb. 3, and 0.5 kilos on Feb. 1; 3 people were arrested. (WPD 2/26) Feb. 25: Kutkai police and soldiers on Feb. 2 seized 1 kilo of heroin on a bus, and arrested the carrier. (WPD 2/27) Mar. 4: Mandalay Railway Police on Feb. 24 seized 1.95 kilos of heroin at Mandalay Station, and seized the carrier. (WPD 3/6) Mar. 8: Rangoon police on Feb. 22 seized 4.125 grams of heroin and 2 syringes, and arrested 2 people. Mandalay police on Feb. 22 seized 0.0482 kilos of heroin and arrested 1 person. (WPD 3/9) Mar. 15: Three burglars were arrested in Rangoon for burglaries of 2 bicycles and 125 watches on Dec. 18 and clothing on Dec. 27, with a total value of K 167,630. (WPD 3/16) Mar. 18: Rangoon police on Mar. 16 arrested four men with che-hti gambling equipment and K 35,743 in stakes. (WPD 3/19) Crimes of Disturbance Era Mar. 9: Rangoon police have arrested three murderers who took part in the 11 August incident where six police were slaughtered at Ngamoeyeik Bridge. [names and photos]. (WPD 3/10) Obituaries Feb. 12: Mrs. M. Xavier, widow of Major D. N. Xavier (District Forest Officer), died in Rangoon, aged 61. (WPD 3/22) Feb. 23: Maung Win Thein (a) John Marshal Teng, A.G.T.I. (MP), son of U Paul Cornel Teng died in Rangoon, aged 24. Burial Feb. 25 in Nanattaw Christian Cemetery. (WPD 2/24) Feb. 24: Leading Nayaka Sayadaw of the Shwedaung Kyaungthit monastery, Tagaung Pagoda Rd., Bassein-West Twp. [Irrawaddy], State Ovadacariya Sayadaw Bhaddanta Indobasa Maha Thera, vassa 63, died at the age of 90. (WPD 2/25) Feb. 24: Rev. U Arsi, of Taunggyi, husband of Sayama Daw Aye Sein, died [in Taunggyi], aged 73. (WPD 3/5) Mar. 1: U Hla Baw (Baw Baw), Myaungmya, ex-Dir. Let, Ya Co., Ltd., Matarban Co., Ltd. (Pearl and Fishery), husband of Daw Tin Nyunt, died in Rangoon, aged 77. (WPD 3/1) Mar. 5: Daw Khin Khin May (Cecilia), mother of Ronnie Morris (Singapore)..., died in Rangoon, aged 84. Burial Mar. 7 in Tamwe Christian Cemetery. (WPD 3/6) Mar. 5: U Kyaw Khine (Sitway), IS. Financial Commissioner (Rtd), husband of Daw Tha Nu Pru, father of Daw May Nee...Sydney,... Dr. Min Aung...USA..., died in Sidney, Aged 82. (WPD 3/6) Mar. 14: Daw Aye Khin (Mrs. C. G. Savarese),... mother of Josephine Lilian Rose (Mr. G. H. Spence), ... died in Rangoon, aged 86. (WPD 3/15) Mar. 14: U Tin Myint, Ass't Chief Engineer, Chauk-Rangoon Power Project, E.P, husband of Daw Than Than Lwin, died in Rangoon, aged 56. Christian funeral. (WPD 3/15) Fires Feb. 23: A fire in No. 11 extended Ward of Thaketa [Rgn] destroyed 91 houses from Yadanabon 6th, 7th, and 8th Sts., leaving 742 people from 164 families homeless and damage of K 2 lakhs. (WPD 2/24) Feb. 25-26: A fire on Feb. 22 in Ward 1, Monghshu [Shan], destroyed 255 buildings, including the Market, Township LORC offices, etc., leaving 2,000 people homeless. A fire in No. Toepa Ward, Sagu [Magwe] on Feb. 21 destroyed 76 houses and a monastery, leaving 104 families homeless. A fire on Feb. 13 in Naungka village, Taunggyi Twp. [Shan] destroyed 98 houses, leaving 528 persons homeless and damage of 29 lakhs. (WPD 2/27) Feb. 28: A fire at Ahlut-myauk village, west bank of Kemmendine, caused by boiling animal feed, destroyed 78 houses, leaving 403 persons from 82 households homeless, with a loss of K 80,000. In Pakokku Twp. a fire on Feb. 23 in Kan village, caused by negligence, destroyed 168 houses leaving 954 persons homeless, with a loss of K 1.6 million. (WPD 3/1) Mar. 3: A fire on Mar. 1 in Wakema destroyed 27 houses, 2 Thanaka mills, and 500 baskets of rice, leaving 141 persons from 34 households homeless, with damage at K 315,600. (WPD 3/4) Mar. 5: A fire in Ward 11, Hlaing Twp., [Rgn] destroyed the private-owned Ngwe-zin-yaw Oil Mill, with a loss of K 3 million. (WPD 3/6) Mar. 8: A fire in Kontaung village, Ramree Twp. [Rakhine] on Mar. 5 destroyed 106 houses, leaving 696 persons from 127 households homeless, with damage at K 1,922,780. (WPD 3/9) Mar. 11: A fire on Mar. 9 in Taungdwingyi [Magwe] destroyed 307 houses and a high school, leaving 1,600 persons from 327 households homeless. 1 child was killed, and damage is K 6.3 million. (WPD 3/13) Mar. 14: Feature article on Let us achieve success through preventive measures, by Aung Soe, says there are 1,300-2,000 fires annually, with damage of K 200-500 million. In 1988, there were 1,177 fires, which destroyed 12,540 houses, 25 mills and factories, and 103 warehouses. 168 people were killed and 119 injured, 11,026 animals and poultry were killed, and 79,091 people were left homeless. Loss was an estimated K 425 million. 77% of fires were caused by carelessness. (WPD 3/14) Garden Series Series of long feature articles on gardens and recreation spots, by staff writers: Feb. 26-27: Mingaladon Garden: Orchid Garden--A place for orchid lovers. [Rangoon] Mar. 5: Chaungtha Beach--A place for recreation. [Irrawaddy] Mar. 18,22: The Myaypadetha Garden. [Plant and horticultural demonstration garden in Rangoon] Mar. 27: The Cantonment Garden: A place for recreation and rest. [Rangoon, at foot of Shwedagon Pagoda] Monywa Centenary Mar. 10: Monywa, Sagaing Division, is celebrating its centenary in 1989. A commemorative Century Pagoda will be consecrated on Kantha Lake Mar. 27, when a stone slab and a bronze equestrian statue of Bogyoke Aung San will be erected. A commemorative magazine will be published, and 4 postcards have been issued. (WPD 3/9) Happy Birthday, Nai Pan Hla Mar. 20: Wife Daw Thein Nwe, children and grandchildren, wish Nai Pan Hla (Visiting Research Scholar at Kyoto University) a very happy 66th birthday on Mar. 20, 1989, and the best of Luck, the best of Health, the best of Wealth, Forever Happiness, Long Life! (WPD 3/10) Marriage Mar. 23: Lt-Col. Tun Sein, MBBS, Commanding Officer, No. (2) Military Hospital, son of the late U Wa and Daw Saw Mei, married Ma Phyu Phyu Aung (a) Ma Sandar Aung, daughter of U Tin Aung and Daw Khin San Kyi, at Taunggyi Hotel Mingalar Hall. (WPD 3/14) Fishermen Rescued Mar. 25: Five Burmese fishermen rescued by Indonesian fishing boats returned by ship to Rangoon. Their boat capsized in a storm in January, and they drifted for 13 days before being rescued and taken to Djakarta. Two others returned home earlier by air. [names] In addition, 11 men were sent home from Bangladesh in February-March, and 7 from Singapore in February. Seven more castaways are expected home from Bangladesh this month. (WPD 3/16) +-+-+-+-+ TO SUBSCRIBE Write to Hugh C. MacDougall, 32 Elm Street, Cooperstown, NY 13326. Annual Subscriptions: U.S. (individuals) - US$ 40.00 U.S. (institutions) - US$ 50.00 Foreign - US$ 50.00 (by airmail); additional charge for US$ check on foreign bank-$5.00. NOTE: Checks should by payable to: Hugh C. MacDougall. Please indicate the monthly issue with which you wish your subscription to begin (available back to April 1987). +-+-+-+-+ Materials Available by Special Order As indicated above, your compiler will be glad to provide subscribers with copies of the following special supplementary materials, postpaid, on receipt of $5.00 each (US$ 7.50 foreign), each. Space and postage cost do not permit including them with the regular issue: 1. Draft Election Law, and accompanying documents. 16 pp. 2. Lists, Numerical and Alphabetical, of the 234 registered Burmese Political Parties. ca. 15 pp. To order, write me at 32 Elm St., Cooperstown, NY 13326, enclosing a check made out, as usual, to: Hugh C. MacDougall. Burma Press Summary No. 25, Mar.1989 - Hugh C. MacDougall