The elections of
1990 are an important landmark in the modern history of Daw Aung San Suu
Kyi Videotaped
message presented at Capitol Hill,
16 May 2000 1990 MULTI-PARTY DEMOCRACY GENERAL ELECTIONS Compiled
by Khin Kyaw Han, MP-NLD, Yenangyaung (2) Updated to
|
1990MULTI-PARTY DEMOCRACY
GENERAL ELECTIONS
The
State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC) took power on
On the 31 May 1989, the State Law and Order
Restoration Council enacted the Pyithu Hluttaw Election Law “ In order to hold
free and fair multi-party democracy general elections and to elect
representatives of the Pyithu Hluttaw
(People’s Assembly) “.
Elections for the Pyithu Hluttaw were held in
Despite multi-party elections in 1990 that resulted
in the main opposition party (National League for Democracy) winning a decisive
victory, the military junta ruling
the country refused to hand over power.
Key opposition leader and Nobel Peace Prize Laureate
Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, under house arrest from 1989 to 1995, was placed under
virtual house arrest again in September 2000; her supporters were routinely
harassed or jailed.
Daw Aung San Suu Kyi was released on
CONTENTS
- General Statistics of Elections
- Candidates per Constituency
-
Election Campaign Speeches
-
Election Results of 93 Political Parties
-
Summary of Constituencies
-
Election Results of Winning Parties
Brief Biographies of Elected MPs
-
-
-
-
-
Sagaing Division
-
Tenasserim Division
- Pegu
Division
- Magwe
Division
-
-
-
-
-
-
- MPs,
Remained Behind Bars
- MPs, Living
In Exile
- MPs,
Died In Prison
- New Election Commission Formed
-
Political Party Registration Law
-
Organization Law
-
Actually Registered Political Parties
Other Related Topics
- SLORC Policy Declaration
(1/90)
- Gandhi
Hall Declaration
-
Election Tribunals
-
Election Law Amended
- The
So-Called National Convention
-
Steering Committee Named
- The Principle Duty Of The National
Convention
- The Eight Different Categories of National
Convention Deligates
- SLORC Declaration No. 11/92 of
- SLORC Order No. 1/93 of
- The National Convention Delegates of National
League for Democracy
- The Committee Representing People’s
Parliament (CRPP)
- Anti-Subversion Law (5/96)
- Turning of a New Page
- The NLD’s 21-Point Resolution
- Back to the past today
- A Brief History of Political Activism in
- UN special human rights rapporteurs on
- UN special envoy on
<><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>
.
I would like the world
community to firmly stand by the United Nations resolutions on
- Daw Aung San Suu Kyi
9 September 1
(Interview with BBC)
Extracts from UN
General Assembly Resolutions on
Recalling that the Government of Myanmar
has assured the General Assembly and other United Nations bodies of its
intention to take all necessary steps towards democracy in the light
of the elections held in 1990,
(Extract
from UNGA resolution 46/132 of 17 December 1991)
Gravely
concerned that
the Government of Myanmar still has not implemented its commitments to take all necessary steps
towards democracy in the light of the result of the elections held in
1990,
(Extract
from UNGA resolution 47/144 of 18 December 1992)
Gravely
concerned that the
Government of Myanmar still has not implemented its commitments to take all
necessary steps towards democracy in the light of the results of the
elections held in 1990
(Extract
from UNGA resolution 48/150 of 20 December 1993)
Gravely
concerned that the
Government of Myanmar still has not implemented its commitment to take all
necessary steps towards democracy in the light of the results of the elections
held in 1990
(Extract
from UNGA resolution 49/197 of 23 December 1994)
Gravely
concerned that
the Government of Myanmar still has not implemented its commitment to take
all necessary steps towards democracy in the light of the results of the
elections held in 1990
(Extract
from UNGA resolution 50/194 of 22 December 1995)
Gravely
concerned that
the Government of Myanmar still has not implemented its commitment to take
all necessary steps towards democracy in the light of the results of the
elections held in 1990
(Extract
from UNGA resolution 51/117 of 12 December 1996)
Gravely
concerned that
the Government of Myanmar still has not implemented its commitment to take
all necessary steps towards democracy in the light of the results of the
elections held in 1990
(Extract
from UNGA resolution 52/137 of 12 December 1997)
Gravely
concerned that
the Government of Myanmar still has not implemented its commitment to take
all necessary steps towards democracy in the light of the results of the
elections held in 1990
(Extract
from UNGA resolution 53/162 of 9 December 1998)
Strongly
urges the
Government of Myanmar, taking into account the assurances it has given on
various occasions, to take all necessary steps towards the restoration of
democracy in accordance with the will of the people as expressed in the
democratic elections held in 1990 and, to this end and without delay, to
engage in a substantive political dialogue with political leaders, including
Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, and representatives of ethnic groups, and, in this
context, notes the existence of the Committee representing the People’s
Parliament;
(Extract
from UNGA resolution 54/186 of 17 December 1999)
Strongly urges the
Government of Myanmar, taking into account the assurances it has given on
various occasions, to take all necessary
steps towards the restoration of democracy, in accordance with the will of the
people, as expressed in the democratic elections held in 1990 and, to that
end, without delay, to engage in a substantive political dialogue with
political leaders, including Aung San Suu Kyi, and representatives of ethnic
groups, and, in that context, notes the existence of the committee representing
the People's Parliament;
(Extract from UNGA Resolution 55/112
of 4 December 2000)
Strongly
urges the
Government of Myanmar to take urgent and concrete measures to ensure the
establishment of democracy in accordance with the will of the people as
expressed in the democratic elections held in 1990 and, to this end, to
extend the talks initiated with Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, General Secretary of the
National League for Democracy, to encompass a genuine and substantive dialogue
with all the leaders of political parties and of ethnic minorities, with the
aim of achieving national reconciliation and the restoration of democracy, and
to ensure that political parties and non-governmental organizations can function
freely, and, in this context, notes the existence of the committee representing
the People’s Parliament;
(Extract
from UNGA resolution 56/231 of
Strongly urges
the Government of Myanmar … to restore democracy and implement the results of the 1990 elections
and to ensure that the contacts with Aung San Suu Kyi and other leaders of the
National League for Democracy move without delay into substantive and
structured dialogue towards democratization and national reconciliation and at
an early stage to include other political leaders in these talks, including the
representatives of the ethnic groups;
(Extract from UNGA Resolution 57/231 of 18 December 2002)
1990 DEMOCRATIC ELECTIONS
" 1990 MULTI-PARTY DEMOCRACY
The 1990
Multi-Party Democracy General Elections, contested by 93 political parties, was
sponsored by the military junta on 27 May 1990 after it took over the power of
state on 18 September 1988..The people of Burma voted overwhelmingly for a
democratic Parliament.It was free and fair and affirmed as such by the Burmese
people and the world.
The people exercised their right to freely
choose candidates to represent them in a Pyithu Hluttaw (People’s Parliament)
in keeping with the democratic principles that “ sovereign power lies with the people which is transferred by way of
elections “.
In
accordance with Article 2 (a) of the Pyithu Hluttaw Election Law (State Law and
Order Restoration Council, Law No.14/89 of 31 May 1989), the elections
held on
General Statistics of
Elections: -
Constituencies:
492
Number in which
election held: 485
Eligible voters
(485 constituencies):
20,818,313
Vote cast:
15,112,524
Valid votes
cast:
13,253,606
Candidates:
2,296
(2,209
from Parties, 87 independents)
Elected:
485
( 479 from Parties, 6 independents)
Candidates per constituency
Actually
registered political parties ….. 235
- Cancelled by
own request ….. 102
- Cancelled by
Commission ….. 3
- Parties
running …..
130
- Three or more
candidates 93
- One or two
candidates
6
- No
candidates 31
Parties with
three or more candidates … (93)
…………………………………………………………………………………………..
Election Campaign Speeches
Summaries of campaign speeches made on Myanmar Radio and Television, as reported in Working People’s Daily newspapers.
(1)National League for Democracy
Central Executive Committee member U Kyi Maung said his party had over
2,000,000 members and would contest 451 constituencies. Political parties are
as necessary to democracy as oxygen is to life; they are nurseries for future
leaders. The NLD will join with all parties believing in democratic practise.
The NLD believes that striving for full basic human rights contributes towards
speedy national development. "The single party system of the communists
was abolished in 1989 and they found that the path taken for 45 years was wrong
and the democratic system was influencing the whole world; it was a victory of
democracy for mankind." In
(2) People's Democratic Party
General Secretary U Tin Shwe said his party's patron was U Aung Than, elder
brother of Bogyoke Aung San, and that
leading members of the Pa-Ma-Nya-Ta are involved in it. He called for democracy and aid to
farmers. (WPD
(3) All-Burma United Youths Organization
Chairman U Aung Khun Swe called for democracy, including respect for
individual rights, no dictatorship, and settlement of disputes by negotiation.
(WPD
(4) Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League
Chairman U Nyunt Thein said he was the "chief organizer" of the
reestablishment of the AFPFL on
(5) Graduates and Old Students Democratic Association
Chairman U Yan Kyaw recalled the role of students in Myanmar history, and called for opening of the universities, freedom to choose one's course of study, freedom to organize student unions, etc. (WPD 15/4/90)
(6) Arakan League for Democracy
Chairman Dr. Saw Mra Aung called for democracy and federalism, internal
peace, and a market economy with joint ventures. He noted a Rakhine claim to
the west bank of the
(7) National Unity Party
Chairman U Tha Kyaw said the people have two choices: one is "to vote
for the country to have relationship with nations of the world on equal basis
and for establishment of a genuine democratic state based on internal strength
of the country for the perpetuity of independence and sovereignty of the nation
and prosperity of its people." The other option "if made by the
people, might lead the country into being influenced by another nation,
extinction of one's race and religion and turning the country again into a
state of servitude." He called for strengthening unity and friendship
among all the national races, and said that "local national races shall
have the right to manage their own affairs as far as possible." He urged
"political vigilance...against those who entertain thoughts which ran contrary
to
(8) People's Volunteer
Organization (
Vice-Chairman U Tin Hla Oo called for democracy, private ownership of
farmland, and State supervision of banking, forestry, transport, mining, and
foreign trade. Coops should be free, and private enterprise encouraged.
"We will have to attain the kind of [foreign] aid and support which does
not mingle with aggression and interventions." (WPD
(9) Mon National Democratic Front
Chairman Naing Tun Thein sought democratic rights for all national races, and
said his Front was a part of the United Nationalities League for Democracy.
(WPD
(10) Patriotic Youth Organization
Chairman U Tint Swe (Ba Tint Swe),
candidate for Okkalapa (2), said his party was made up of 5 youth
organizations, and called for "democratic and human rights without losing
sight of national cause.... Mischievous persons misused politics for their own
ends." (WPD
(11) National Progressive Youth of
Central Body member U Sann Thu Aung called for youth unity and cooperation,
and endorsed the Democratic Front for National Reconstruction of Widura Thakin
Chit Maung (of which his party was a fraction), the United Trade Union Congress
(Union of Myanmar), the League of Peasants' Unions (LPU), and Myanmar
Amyo-thamee Toe-tet-yay Thammaga. (WPD
(12) Chin National League for Democracy
Patron
(13)
General Secretary Daw Cho Cho Kyaw
Nyein said she was the daughter of former AFPFL General Secretary U Kyaw Nyein.
The one-party system "had made the country poor...because it had adhered
to the wrong economic system." But economic prosperity depends on
political stability, and its greatest obstacle in the internal insurgency. The
Party would strive for human rights, and would implement her father's 4-point
economic policy. (WPD
(14) Democratic League for the
National Races of the
Chairman U Shwe Ohn said all the national races of the
(15) United National Congress
General Secretary U Kyaw Win,
candidate in Pabedan said the UNC "are leaders of the Myanmar-Muslim
organizations" and others who opposed the one-party system. Poor economic
conditions are due to the looting of "imperialists and fascists" in
the past. National unity "is a key factor and the source of
everything." (WPD
(16) Democratic Human Rights Party
Patron U Tun Myint Kyi opposed the
single party system, and reviewed Muslim contributions to
(17) Patriotic Old Comrades League
Chairman U Aung Shwe said his Party was composed of old comrades who took
part in the anti-imperialist, anti-fascist and people's liberation struggles.
It now fully endorses the National League for Democracy. (WPD
(18) Shan Nationalities League for Democracy
Organizer U Sai Hpa (a) Sai Hla Pe said the league included Shan, Danu, Pao,
Palaung, Intha, Kachin,
Farmers should own their land and be free to sell produce; prices should be
stabilized and loans provided. (WPD
(19) Peasants Unity Organization
Chairman Brig-Gen. Than Nyunt (Rtd.) said his organization had been formed
from the old Peasants Asiayone, and it was allied with the National Unity
Party, the Workers Unity Organization, and the Youth Unity Organization . (WPD
(20) Workers' Unity Organization
Chairman U Ohn Kyaw promised to protect workers in the changing economic
situation, and to work in alliance with the National Unity Party, the Peasants
Unity Organization, and the Youth Unity Organization. (WPD
(21) All-Burma National Progressive Democracy Party
General Secretary U Tin Min Htaik called for national unity, democracy, and
election of able leaders, as "the Tatmadaw, with duty consciousness, [had]
highlighted." (WPD
(22) Shan National Development
Democratic Party (
Executive Committee member U Thein Shwe called for democracy and human
rights for all the people, a reduction of taxes, world standard education,
higher health standards, and "internal peace in accordance with democratic
means." (WPD
(23) Democratic People's League (DPL)
General Secretary U Sein Nyunt endorsed democracy, and called on voters to
support candidates, not parties. (WPD
(24)
General Secretary Daw Myint Myint Gyi, candidate in Nyaunglaybin 1, said it was
time for the people to establish a new state, based on unity and democracy. Her
party also sought to unite and promote women of all national groups. (WPD
(25) Union Stability Party (USP)
General Secretary U Than Aung sought
equality and economic progress for the national races. Farmers should own their
land and sell crops freely. "Land-ownership will be limited not to let the
landlordism flourish again." (WPD
(26)
General Secretary U Saw Than Shein called for full
equality between national races, political as well as economic, and for a new
Panglong Conference. (WPD
(27) National Democratic Party for Human Rights
Chairman U Chit Lwin said the Party
would promote human rights according to the UN Charter, and support democracy.
He called for the teaching of political science in the universities and
authorization of student unions in high schools and universities. "to deal with student affairs and for representation to the
authorities." (WPD
(28) Arakan Nationalities Democracy Party
Secretary U Zaw Pe called for "a democratic state which guarantees all
basic human rights and brings about internal peace and equality of all national
races." (WPD
(29) Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League (Original) (Hq) AFPFL
Executive Committee member Daw Nay Yi Ba Swe said the Party had been formed
withthe Bamar Tatmadaw Pyithu Ayardawbon Party and Burma Communist Party on
(30) League of Peasants' Unions (LPU)
General Secretary Thakin San Mya said that for 26 years the people had
"been deprived of citizens rights, of basic human rights." He
outlined peasants needs. (WPD
(31) Students and Youth League for Mayyu Development (Arakan)
Candidate Dr. Tun Aung (a) Dr. Nurul Huq endorsed democracy for all national
races, a market economy, and inducements for foreign investment. (WPD
(32) Farmer, Gadu, Ganan and Shan
National Unity Democratic Hq. (Banmauk) Second Vice Chairman U Kyaw
Nyunt said his party would promote human rights and democracy, and said that
"cultivation work, transaction of goods and storage of wunza could be
systematically carried out only when the human rights attained." (WPD
(33) Kokang Democracy and Unity Party
Chairman U Yan Win Hton (a) U Myint Lwin said his party sought a new
constitution, free enterprise, joint ventures, and other areas of economic and
social development. (WPD
(34) League for Democracy & Peace (LDP)
Patron Daw Mya Yi said she had been
asked "to assume the responsibility of the party's patron because of her
husband's [U Nu's] inavailability. Her husband wants to put an end to the
internal fighting by achieving peace, and then to reduce prices so that "a
pyi of rice will cost 75 pyas and a viss of cooking oil will cost three
kyats." (WPD
(35) Kachin National Congress
Patron Duwa Lawan Li, candidate in
Myitkyina (2), said the KNC wanted joint ventures, increased electrical
supplies, and mechanized agriculture. The KNC wants "to do away with
internal insurgency through peaceful settlements... The
(36) Union DANU League for Democracy Party
Member U Aung San said his party represented Danu nationals from the central
(37) People Pioneer Party (PPP)
Chairman U San Shwe, candidate in Pazundaung township, said that PPP policy
was neither leftist nor rightist but to pursue genuine democracy, as defined by
Bogyoke Aung San. He called for a farmer's bank for farmers, and a people's
bank for the poor and casual workers, so as to avoid "exploitation and new
form of Chettyar usurers lending money at high interest rates." (WPD
(38) Democratic Organization for Kayan National Unity (DOKNU)
Vice Chairman U Khun Marco Ban said his party sought to bring together Kayan
people from 3 states and 2 divisions. There could be no progress without
"achieving internal peace." His party had joined with the United Nationalities
League for Democracy and was working with it. (WPD
(39) Union Nationals Democracy Party (UNDP)
Executive Patron U Aung Gyi said that he could have become President or
Prime Minister under U Ne Win, but had resigned from the Revolutionary Council
after only 11 months because he was "in favour of a multi-party system but
U Ne Win was not," he "preferred a four-legged economy--private,
joint venture, co-operative and state sectors---[while] U Ne Win wanted only
state controlled economy," and he was "in favour of press freedom,
[while] U Ne Win preferred media to be owned as government and party
organs." He called for irrigation and increased farm productivity, and
pledged to "promulgate an act which would prohibit demonetization."
He would let the states "determine their own affairs," and eliminate
politics from services personnel promotions. Finally, "the existance of
the Tatmadaw is a must," since "without the Tatmadaw,
no nation would be able to establish a democratic state." (WPD
(40) Amyothar Party (AP)
Chairman Maj. Tun Kyaw Oo (rtd) called for democracy, a federal system, free
enterprise, and "a political solution to attain internal peace." (WPD
(41) Wa National Development Party
Joint General Secretary U Sam Sawng Ka said his party believed in national
unity, democracy, equal rights, the rule of law, and socio/ economic
development with "priority to setting up private enterprises." (WPD
(42) Lisu National Solidarty
Vice Chairman U Lamya Tha endorsed progress and equal rights for Lisu
nationals, democracy, and a search for internal peace. (WPD
(43) Karen National Congress for Democracy (KNCD)
Chairman Dr. Saw Hanson Tadaw called for democracy, human rights, equality
for national races, justice, promotion of the Kayin cultural heritage, and
internal peace and affluence. (WPD
(44) Inn-Tha National Organization
First Vice Chairman U Kyaw Win, candidate in Yawnghwe (1) [Shan] said his
party sought "a new constitution with the participation of the national
races and legal profession...[to] provide for the establishment of national
states, self-determination and the establishment of regions of minority
races..." but without "the right to secede from the Union." (WPD
(45) Rakhine National Humanitarian Development Organization
General Secretary U Hla Oo said his group was a part of the United
Nationalities League for Democracy (UNLD), and sought unity among the national
groups and tribes. (WPD
(46) Union People's Future and Democracy Party
Chairman U Kyaw Thein, candidate in Dagon Myothit constituency [
(47) Anti-Communist,
Anti-Socialist, Anti-Totalitarian Free Democracy League
Central Committee Chairman U Thet
Aung said his League was composed of "three main parties," and sought
to promote individual human rights, the right of the farmers to land and
freedom to sell their products, and free primary education. (WPD
(48) Lahu National Development Party (LNDP)
Chairman U Daniel Aung said democracy was necessary for the progress of the
national races, and promised to promote Lahu needs and culture. The party would
contest the constituencies of Mongping, Mongtung, Monghsat, Monghpyak,
Tachilek, Monghkat, Kengtung (1), and Pangyang. (WPD
(49) United Nationalities League
Member of the Panel of Chairmen Naing Ngwe Thein said the League was made up
of 19 political parties from the Kayin, Kachin, Kayah, Chin, Mon, Rakhine,
Shan, Paoh, Padaung, and Kayan national groups {list of parties}. They sought
equality between the national races, national unity, a genuine
(50) League of Democratic Allies (LDA)
Vice Chairman U Ko Ko Gyi (a) U Aung Myint sought unity, democracy, human
rights, freedom for workers' organizations, a free and democratic education
system, and internal peace through political means. The L.D.A.'s patron is U
Aung Than, elder brother of Bogyoke Aung San. (WPD
(51) Democratic
Allies' League (DAL)
Chairman
U Maung Maung Ohn Myaing, candidate for Meiktila 2, endorsed multi-party
democracy, national unity, and development. (WPD
…………………………………………………………………………………………..
Although 235 political parties actually registered, only 93
fielded candidates. Student-organised and other small pro-democracy parties
that did not field candidates in at least three constituencies were
deregistered. Several ethnic parties were declared illegal after the election.
Election Results
No |
P a r t y N a m e
|
Seats Won, if any |
Number of Candidates fielded by Party |
Valid votes cast for Party Candidates |
1 |
National
League for Democracy |
392 |
447 |
7,934,622 |
2 |
Shan
Nationalities League for Democracy |
23 |
58 |
222,821 |
3 |
Arakan
League for Democracy |
11 |
25 |
160,783 |
4 |
National
Unity Party |
10 |
413 |
2,805,559 |
5 |
Mon
National Democratic Front |
5 |
19 |
138,572 |
6 |
National
Democratic Party for Human Rights |
4 |
8 |
128,129 |
7 |
Party for
National Democracy |
3 |
3 |
72,672 |
8 |
Chin
National League for Democracy |
3 |
13 |
51,187 |
9 |
|
3 |
9 |
13,994 |
10 |
Union Paoh
National Organization |
3 |
15 |
35,389 |
11 |
Zomi
National Congress |
2 |
4 |
18,638 |
12 |
|
2 |
6 |
10,612 |
13 |
|
2 |
8 |
11,664 |
14 |
Ta-ang
(Palaung) National League for Democracy |
2 |
9 |
23,975 |
15 |
Democratic
Organization for Kayan National Unity |
2 |
3 |
16,553 |
16 |
Patriotic
Old Comrades League |
1 |
3 |
2,435 |
17 |
Democracy
Party |
1 |
105 |
63,815 |
18 |
|
1 |
3 |
6,401 |
19 |
Graduates
and Old Students Democratic Association |
1 |
10 |
10,634 |
20 |
Shan State
Kokang Democratic Party |
1 |
2 |
6,195 |
21 |
Union Danu
League for Democracy |
1 |
4 |
23,145 |
22 |
Kamans
National League for Democracy |
1 |
3 |
10,596 |
23 |
Mara
People's Party |
1 |
4 |
5,873 |
24 |
Union
Nationals Democracy Party |
1 |
247 |
196,518 |
25 |
Mro or
Khami National Solidarity Organization |
1 |
4 |
22,778 |
26 |
Lahu
National Development Party |
1 |
7 |
15,796 |
27 |
United
Nationalities League for Democracy |
1 |
4 |
9,389 |
28 |
All |
- |
2 |
640 |
29 |
Unity and
Development Party |
- |
9 |
3,656 |
30 |
Anti-Fascist
People’s Freedom League |
- |
3 |
6,029 |
31 |
Democratic
Front for National Reconstruction ( |
- |
79 |
38,203 |
32 |
|
- |
3 |
269 |
33 |
People’s
Democratic Party |
- |
10 |
4,242 |
34 |
National
Peace and Democracy Party |
- |
6 |
3,988 |
35 |
Union Karen
League |
- |
7 |
16,518 |
36 |
Democratic
Party for New Society |
- |
12 |
9,031 |
37 |
People’s
Volunteer Organization ( |
- |
6 |
2,696 |
38 |
|
- |
16 |
10,069 |
39 |
Patriotic
Youth Organization |
- |
3 |
609 |
40 |
All Burma
Democratic People’s Power Organization |
- |
5 |
748 |
41 |
National
Progressive Youth of |
- |
3 |
1,013 |
42 |
Democratic
Labour Party ( |
- |
4 |
393 |
43 |
|
- |
17 |
14,443 |
44 |
Democratic
League for the National Races of |
- |
8 |
7,210 |
45 |
United
National Congress |
- |
3 |
575 |
46 |
Democratic
Human Rights Party |
- |
11 |
4,246 |
47 |
Patriotic
Democratic Youth Front |
- |
3 |
1,963 |
48 |
Peasants
Unity Organization (allied with NUP) |
- |
39 |
300,906 |
49 |
Youth Unity
Organization (allied with NUP) |
- |
10 |
71,517 |
50 |
Workers
Unity Organization (allied with NUP) |
- |
20 |
153,854 |
51 |
All |
- |
5 |
2,249 |
52 |
Youths’
Solidarity Front |
- |
3 |
860 |
53 |
Shan
National Democratic Development Party ( |
- |
3 |
366 |
54 |
Democratic
People’s League |
- |
4 |
747 |
55 |
|
- |
3 |
2,495 |
56 |
People’s
Power Party |
- |
3 |
158 |
57 |
Union Stability
Party |
- |
2 |
86 |
58 |
Arakan
National Unity Organization
(presumably allied to NUP) |
- |
17 |
8,663 |
59 |
National
Peace Party |
- |
3 |
954 |
60 |
Free People
League of |
- |
4 |
2,959 |
61 |
Union of
Kachin Youth led by Kachin University Students |
- |
3 |
401 |
62 |
Arakan
Nationalities Democracy Party |
- |
3 |
2,033 |
63 |
Anti-Fascist
People’s Freedom League (Original)
(Hq) |
- |
6 |
2,882 |
64 |
League of
Peasants’ Unions ( |
- |
11 |
6,037 |
65 |
United
Trade Union Congress ( |
- |
5 |
1,128 |
66 |
Students
and Youth League for Mayyu Development (Arakan) |
- |
4 |
57,088 |
67 |
|
- |
3 |
604 |
68 |
Farmer,
Gadu, Ganan and Shan National Unity Democratic Headquarters (Bamauk Myo) |
- |
3 |
5,257 |
69 |
Kokang
Democracy and Unity Party |
- |
4 |
9,085 |
70 |
League for democracy
and Peace [ U Nu’s Party ] |
- |
309 |
243,023 |
71 |
Peasants’
Development Party |
- |
3 |
2,847 |
72 |
Shan State
Kachin Democratic Party |
- |
3 |
1,197 |
73 |
Kachin National
Congress |
- |
5 |
6,304 |
74 |
National
Ethnic Reformation Party
(Hq) |
- |
3 |
1,782 |
75 |
People’s
Pioneer Party |
- |
3 |
70 |
76 |
Amyothar Party |
- |
3 |
523 |
77 |
Might of
New Generation Youth Front (Myanmar
Naing Ngan daw) |
- |
4 |
1,224 |
78 |
Wa National
Development Party |
- |
5 |
4,676 |
79 |
Lisu National
Solidarity |
- |
6 |
9,397 |
80 |
Karen
National Congress for Democracy |
- |
6 |
6,776 |
81 |
Inn-Tha
National Organization |
- |
3 |
5,790 |
82 |
Rakhine
National Humanitarian Development Organization |
- |
3 |
1,942 |
83 |
Indigenous
Collaboration Party |
- |
4 |
1,241 |
84 |
Union
People’s Future and Democracy Party |
- |
4 |
848 |
85 |
United
League of Democratic Parties |
- |
4 |
1,174 |
86 |
Anti-Communist,
Anti-Socialist, Anti- Totalitarian
Free Democracy League |
- |
5 |
511 |
87 |
National
Politics Front (Youth) |
- |
3 |
354 |
88 |
|
- |
2 |
414 |
89 |
League of
Democratic Allies |
- |
4 |
2,114 |
90 |
Arakan
People’s Democratic Front |
- |
13 |
29,115 |
91 |
People’s
Peasants Union (Union of Burma) |
- |
3 |
1,894 |
92 |
Leading
Strength of National Realism Centre |
- |
4 |
928 |
93 |
Democratic
Allies’ League |
- |
3 |
1,619 |
National
League for Democracy fielded 447 candidates. Of them, 392 got elected. There
were altogether 485 constituencies. Shan Nationalities League for
Democracy (SNLD) won 23 seats. Arakan
League for Democracy (ALD) won eleven. National Unity Party (NUP) won ten. Mon National Democratic Front
(MNDF) won five and other remaining parties won 38 seats. Six independent
candidates were elected.Only one cndidate from U Aung Gyi’s Union Nationals
Democracy Party (UNDP) was elected.
During
the 1990 general elections, only 84 out of 2,296 candidates were women. The
percentage of gender in the elections was 3.66. Out of 485 Members of
Parliament (MPs) elected in the
elections, fifteen were women and all represented National League for Democracy
(NLD).
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
Daw Sein Tin |
Shwegu – |
2. |
|
Pa-an (3) – |
3. |
Daw Khin Htay Kywe |
Chaungzon (2) – |
4. |
Daw Tin Saw Oo |
Mudon (1) – |
5. |
Daw May Phyo |
Namtu – |
6. |
Daw Sel Sel |
Hkamti – Sagaing Division |
7. |
Daw Khin San Hlaing |
Wetlet (2) – Sagaing Division |
8. |
Daw Hla Hla Moe |
Minhla (2) – Pegu Division |
9. |
Daw May Hnin Kyi |
Mogok (1) – |
10. |
Daw Ohn Kyi |
Myittha (1)- |
11. |
Daw San San |
Seikkan- Rangoon Division |
12. |
Daw San May (Shwegu May Hnin) |
Taikkyi (2) – |
13. |
Daw May Win Myint |
Mayangone (2) – |
14. |
Daw Khin Aye Myint |
Yankin – |
15. |
Daw San San Win |
Ahlone- Rangoon Division |
Since
Following the
Of
the 485 successful candidates, there were:
42 – Retired Military Personnels,
145 – Retired Civil
Service Personnels,
54 – Advocates and Lawyers .
50 – Doctors and
194 – Civilians.
Summary of Constituencies
No. |
State / Division |
Township |
Constituency |
1 |
Arakan (Rakhine) |
17 |
26 |
2 |
Chin |
9 |
13 |
3 |
|
26 |
51 |
4 |
Kachin |
18 |
20 |
5 |
Karen (Kayin) |
7 |
14 |
6 |
Kayah |
6 |
8 |
7 |
Magwe (Magway) |
25 |
39 |
8 |
|
29 |
56 |
9 |
Mon |
10 |
20 |
10 |
Pegu (Bago) |
28 |
51 |
11 |
|
42 |
61 |
12 |
Sagaing |
38 |
58 |
13 |
Shan |
52 |
62 |
14 |
Tenasserim (Teninthayi) |
10 |
13 |
|
Total: - |
317 |
492 |
The elections were “held
successfully” in (310) townships and
(485) constituencies throughout the
country.
Seven constituencies in seven
townships, Konkyan, Narphan, Pangwaing, Pangyang, Mongmat and Manphant
(Thanlwin) in
Election
Results
Sr. No. |
Name of Party |
Party Symbol |
Acronym |
Seats Contested |
Seats Won |
1 |
National League for
Democracy |
Khamauk (wide-brimmed
farmers' hat) |
N L D
|
447 |
392 (80.82%) |
2 |
Shan Nationalities League
for Democracy |
Ozi (Shan Drum) |
S N L D
|
58 |
23 (4.74%) |
3 |
Arakan League for Democracy |
Oil Lamp |
A L D
|
25 |
11 (2.27%) |
4 |
National Unity Party |
Paddy Ears |
N U P
|
413 |
10 (2.06%) |
5 |
Mon National Democratic
Front |
Flower |
M N D F
|
19 |
5 (1.03%) |
6 |
National Democratic Party
for Human Rights |
Automobile |
N D P H R
|
8 |
4 (0.82%) |
7 |
Party for National
Democracy |
Hne (Burmese
oboe) |
P N D
|
3 |
3 (0.62%) |
8 |
Chin National League for
Democracy |
Key Chain |
C N L D
|
13 |
3 (0.62%) |
9 |
|
|
K S N C D
|
9 |
3 (0.62%) |
10 |
Union Paoh National
Organization |
Mangoes |
U P N O
|
15 |
3 (0.62%) |
11 |
Zomi National Congress |
Padlock |
Z N C
|
4 |
2 (0.41%) |
12 |
|
Airplane |
N H R P P
|
6 |
2 (0.41%) |
13 |
|
Well |
K S N L D
|
8 |
2 (0.41%) |
14 |
Ta-ang (Palaung) National League for
Democracy |
Kettle |
T N L D
|
9 |
2 (0.41%) |
15 |
Democratic Organization for
Kayan National Unity |
Pumpkin |
D O K N U
|
3 |
2 (0.41%) |
16 |
Patriotic Old Comrades
League |
Flute |
P O C L
|
3 |
1 (0.21%) |
17 |
Democracy Party |
Gong |
D P
|
105 |
1 (0.21%) |
18 |
|
Violin |
K S N O
|
3 |
1 (0.21%) |
19 |
Graduates and Old Students
Democratic Association |
Lantern |
G O S D A
|
10 |
1 (0.21%) |
20 |
Shan State Kokang
Democratic Party |
Scissors |
S S K D P
|
2 |
1 (0.21%) |
21 |
Union Danu League for
Democracy |
Trunk |
U D L D
|
4 |
1 (0.21%) |
22 |
Kamans National League for
Democracy |
Basket |
K N L D
|
3 |
1 (0.21%) |
23 |
Mara People's Party |
Sheaf |
M P P
|
4 |
1 (0.21%) |
24 |
Union Nationals Democracy
Party |
Balance |
U N D P
|
247 |
1 (0.21%) |
25 |
Mro or Khami National
Solidarity Organization |
Tap |
M K N S O
|
4 |
1 (0.21%) |
26 |
Lahu National Development
Party |
Smoking Pipe |
L N D P
|
7 |
1 (0.21%) |
27 |
United Nationalities League
for Democracy |
Saing-Waing (Drum Enclosure) |
U N L D
|
4 |
1 (0.21%) |
|
Independents |
|
|
87 |
6 (1.24%) |
The following is the final official result of 1990 elections for the 485-seat Parliament, as released by the official state General Elections Commission.
(1) NATIONAL LEAGUE FOR
DEMOCRACY (NLD)
The National League for Democracy (Ah-Myo-Tha Di-Mo-Cray-Si Ahphwe Choak)was
formed on 27 September 1988, with former Brigadier General Aung Gyi as
Chairman, former General Thura Tin Oo as Vice-Chairman and Daw Aung San Suu
Kyi, daughter of the great independence hero Bogyoke Aung San as General
Secretary.Two months later, Chairman U Aung Gyi left to set up his own party after
power struggles threatened to split the NLD, alleging communist infiltration of
the NLD.The NLD swept the 1990 polls by a landslide.
Aims:
(a) to bring about a true and genuine
democratic government which is in accordance with the aspirations of entire
people and which would guarantee the fundamental human rights;
(b) to bring about a systematic democratic
struggle based on the united strength of the people under the leadership [of]
this League for realizing the aim (a);
(c) to lay a foundation so that Burma would
be a stable and developed Union where democratic political system flourish
according to the aspirations of the people for generations to come;
(d) to co-operate with peaceful democratic
forces of the world so that peaceful democracy would flourish.
Future Programmes:
(a) to organize in such a way that all
democratic forces would attain unity;
(b) to support and protect the democratic
rights of the public;
(c) to create situations in which free and fair general
elections could be held to form a true democratic government according to the
wishes of the entire people.
The military had anticipated a victory by the
pro-military, National Unity Party, the successor organization of the former
ruling Burma Socialist Programme Party, which was heavily financed and backed
by the military.However the popularity of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and the NLD had
skyrocketed and the people’s disenchanment with the military and awareness of
democratic alternatives were at a peak.The NLD was 392 seats in the 485
constituencies where elections were held.Twenty-six other parties won swats,
with the NUP winning a mere ten.Only one candidates from U Aung Gyi’s UNDP was
elected.
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
STATE & DIVISION |
1 |
U Tin Myint |
Kamaing |
KACHIN |
2 |
U Maphang Hsin |
Khawbude |
- |
3 |
U |
Tanai |
- |
4 |
U Yaw His |
Putao |
- |
5 |
U Pu Htwe (Bamaw Nyo Nwe) |
Bhamo |
- |
6 |
U Mya Maung |
Myitkyina (1) |
- |
7 |
U Htun Kyi |
Mogaung |
- |
8 |
U Kyaw Maung |
Mohnyin (1) |
- |
9 |
U Kyar Mya |
Mohnyin (2) |
- |
10 |
U Thaung Ngwe |
Moemauk |
- |
11 |
U J.M Naula |
Mansi |
- |
12 |
U N. Nan Gam |
Machanbaw |
- |
13 |
Daw Sein Tin |
Shwegu |
- |
14 |
Duwa U Zaw Aung |
Waingmaw |
- |
15 |
U Saw Oo Reh |
Phruhso |
KAYAH
|
16 |
U Aung Tin |
Shadaw |
- |
17 |
U |
Loikaw (1) |
- |
18 |
U Teddy Buri |
Loikaw (2) |
- |
19 |
U Mahn Myaing Aye |
Kawkareik (1) |
KAREN
|
20 |
U Kyin Thein |
Kya-in-Seikkyi (2) |
- |
21 |
U Aung Than |
Papun (1) |
- |
22 |
U Ba Aye |
Papun (2) |
- |
23 |
U Saw Chit Than |
Pa-an (1) |
- |
24 |
U Htun Chit |
Pa-an (2) |
- |
25 |
|
Pa-an (3) |
- |
26 |
U Sein Bo |
Myawaddy |
- |
27 |
U Saw Tun Luuin |
Hlaingbwe (2) |
- |
28 |
U Saw Victor Clyde |
Thandaung (2) |
- |
29 |
U Ngin Thang |
Tiddim (1) |
CHIN
|
30 |
U Kyaw Tun |
Paletwa (1) |
- |
31 |
U Htwe Aung |
Paletwa (2) |
- |
32 |
U Shwe Htan |
Matupi (2) |
- |
33 |
U Ye Htut |
Kyaikto (1) |
MON
|
34 |
Dr. Aye Zan |
Kyaikto (2) |
- |
35 |
U Myint Thein |
Kyaikmaraw (1) |
- |
36 |
U Aung Kyi Nyunt |
Chaungzon (1) |
- |
37 |
Daw Khin Htay Kywe |
Chaungzon (2) |
- |
38 |
U Nyan Win |
Paung (1) |
- |
39 |
U Nai Thaung Nyunt |
Paung (2) |
- |
40 |
U Maung Maung Latt |
Bilin (1) |
- |
41 |
U Maung maung |
Bilin (2) |
- |
42 |
Daw Tin Saw Oo |
Mudon (1) |
- |
43 |
U Lun Tin, col. (Retd.) |
|
- |
44 |
U Chan Aye (Maung Susan) |
|
- |
45 |
Dr. Kyin Thein |
Ye (2) |
- |
46 |
Khun Myint Tun |
Thaton (1) |
- |
47 |
U Than Maung |
Thaton (2) |
- |
48 |
U Maung Maung Gyi |
Thanbyuzayat (1) |
- |
49 |
U Hsan Maung |
Kyaukpyu (1) |
ARAKAN
|
50 |
U Tin Gyi |
Kyaukpyu (2) |
- |
51 |
U Nyi Pu |
Gwa |
- |
52 |
U Kyaw Khaing |
Taungup |
- |
53 |
U Maung Kywin Aung |
Rathedaung (1) |
- |
54 |
U Thein Maung |
Manaung |
- |
55 |
U Mya Maung |
Ramree |
- |
56 |
U Tun Yi |
Sandoway |
- |
57 |
U Nay Win |
An |
- |
58 |
U Khun Sai |
Kutkai (1) |
SHAN
|
59 |
U Sai Lon Kyauk |
Kengtung (1) |
- |
60 |
U Sai Yi Tip |
Kengtung (2) |
- |
61 |
Dr. U Hlaing (a) U Tun Hlaing |
Yawnghwe (1) |
- |
62 |
U Ohn Maung |
Yawnghwe (2) |
- |
63 |
U Kyaw Khin |
Taunggyi (1) |
- |
64 |
U Khun Pe Htwe |
Taunggyi (2) |
- |
65 |
U Sai Soom Hsaing |
Tachilek |
- |
66 |
U Tun Aung (a) U Tun Tun Hein |
Nawnghkio |
- |
67 |
Daw May Phyo |
Namtu |
- |
68 |
U Aung Than |
Pindaya |
- |
69 |
Dr. Ohn Maung |
Mongmit |
- |
70 |
U Chit Khin |
Mabein |
- |
71 |
U Sai Nong Tip |
Mongyang |
- |
72 |
U Sai Shan Lway |
Mongkhat |
- |
73 |
U Hsan Wonn (a) U Sai Phone Myint |
Monghsat |
- |
74 |
U Sai Tun Aung |
Mongyawng |
- |
75 |
U Sai Nwe |
Mongpyak |
- |
76 |
Dr. Hla Shein |
Lawksawk |
- |
77 |
U Sai Myint Maung |
Lashio (1) |
- |
78 |
U Than Htay |
Lashio (2) |
- |
79 |
U Sai Aung Than |
Hsipaw (2) |
- |
80 |
U Khin Maung Than |
Kani (1) |
SAGAING |
81 |
U Thant Zin |
Kani (2) |
- |
82 |
U Do Htaung |
Kale (1) |
- |
83 |
U Thein Win |
Kale (2) |
- |
84 |
U Tin Maung |
Kalewa |
- |
85 |
U Myint Kyi |
Katha |
- |
86 |
U Thein San |
Kawlin |
- |
87 |
U Myint Naing |
Kantbalu (2) |
- |
88 |
U Kyee Maung |
Kyunhla |
- |
89 |
U Khin Maung Thein |
Khin-U (1) |
- |
90 |
U Thaung Myint |
Khin-U (2) |
- |
91 |
U Arnt Kyi |
Chaung –U |
- |
92 |
Daw Hse Hse |
Hkamti |
- |
93 |
U Chit Khaing |
Ngazun (1) |
- |
94 |
U Cho Hlaing |
Ngazun (2) |
- |
95 |
Col. Thiha Thura Soe Thein (Retd.) |
Sagaing (1) |
- |
96 |
Dr. Khin Maung Swe |
Sagaing (2) |
- |
97 |
U Khin Maung Kyi |
Salingyi (1) |
- |
98 |
U Sein Yan |
Salingyi (2) |
- |
99 |
Lt.Col. Kyaw San (Retd.) |
Taze (1) |
- |
100 |
U Pe Than |
Taze (2) |
- |
101 |
U Kyaw Win |
Htigyaing |
- |
102 |
U Bo Maung |
Tabayin (1) |
- |
103 |
U Win Myint Aung |
Tabayin (2) |
- |
104 |
U Than Sein |
Pale (1) |
- |
105 |
Dr. Tint Swe |
Pale (2) |
- |
106 |
U Mya Aye |
Pinlebu |
- |
107 |
U Aung Thaung |
Phaungpyin |
- |
108 |
U Ba Nyein |
Banmauk |
- |
109 |
U Han Tha Myint |
Budalin (1) |
- |
110 |
U Khin Maung Aye |
Budalin (2) |
- |
111 |
Maj Kyi Soe (Retd) |
Monywa (1) |
- |
112 |
U Saw Aung |
Monywa (2) |
- |
113 |
U Bo |
Mingin |
- |
114 |
U Bar Bar |
Myinmu (1) |
- |
115 |
U Tin Ngwe |
Myinmu (2) |
- |
116 |
U |
Myaung (2) |
- |
117 |
U Tin Maung Win |
Mawlaik |
- |
118 |
U Bo Thaung |
Yinmabin (1) |
- |
119 |
U Tin Tun Aung |
Yinmabin (2) |
- |
120 |
Dr. Htay Maung |
Ye-U (1) |
- |
121 |
U Win Ko |
Ye-U (2) |
- |
122 |
Dr. Aung Bo |
Shwebo (1) |
- |
123 |
U Than Tun |
Shwebo (2) |
- |
124 |
U Tun Myaing |
Wetlet (1) |
- |
125 |
Daw Knin San Hlaing |
Wetlet (2) |
- |
126 |
Dr. Aung Khin |
Wuntho |
- |
127 |
U Ohn Kyaing |
Homalin (1) |
- |
128 |
U Hla Thein |
Homalin (2) |
- |
129 |
Dr. Zaw Win |
Ayadaw (1) |
- |
130 |
U Bala |
Ayadaw (2) |
- |
131 |
U Saw Hlaing |
Indaw |
- |
132 |
U Hla Min |
Kawthaung |
TENASSEM
|
133 |
U Khin Maung Oo |
Kyunsu |
- |
134 |
U Win Oo |
Tenasserim |
- |
135 |
U Soe Nyunt |
Tavoy (1) |
- |
136 |
U Myo Aung |
Tavoy (2) |
- |
137 |
U Kyi Shwe |
Palaw |
- |
138 |
U Ohn Myint |
Bokepyin |
- |
139 |
U Kyaw Shein |
Mergui (1) |
- |
140 |
U Nyan Aye |
Mergui (2) |
- |
141 |
U Toe |
Yebyu |
- |
142 |
U Hla Pe |
Lawnglon (1) |
- |
143 |
U Chein Hin |
Lawnglon (2) |
- |
144 |
U Tin Myint |
Thayetchaung |
- |
145 |
Dr. Myo Win |
Kawa (1) |
PEGU |
146 |
U Mya Lay |
Kawa (2) |
- |
147 |
U Hla Oo |
Kyauktaga (1) |
- |
148 |
U Maung Maung Gyi |
Kyauktaga (2) |
- |
149 |
U Aye Myint |
Gyobingauk (1) |
- |
150 |
U Aye |
Gyobingauk (2) |
- |
151 |
U Tun Oo |
Kyaukkyi |
- |
152 |
U San Tin |
Zigon |
- |
153 |
U Ohn Maung |
Nyaunglebin (1) |
- |
154 |
U Tun Kywe |
Nyaunglebin (2) |
- |
155 |
U Aung Soe Myint |
Taungoo (1) |
- |
156 |
U Nyunt Wai |
Taungoo (2) |
- |
157 |
U Chit Maung |
Htantabin |
- |
158 |
U Ye Htut |
Daik U (1) |
- |
159 |
U Sein Tun |
Daik U (2) |
- |
160 |
U Ohn Ngwe |
Nattalin (1) |
- |
161 |
U Saw Sein Tun |
Nattalin (2) |
- |
162 |
U Myat Hla |
Pegu (2) |
- |
163 |
U Thaung Sein |
Prome (2) |
- |
164 |
U Tin Ohn |
Padaung (1) |
- |
165 |
U Thein Han |
Padaung (2) |
- |
166 |
U Ohn Naing |
Paungde (1) |
- |
167 |
U Aye Than |
Paungde (2) |
- |
168 |
U Aung Than |
Pyu (1) |
- |
169 |
U Soe Maung |
Pyu (2) |
- |
170 |
U Tint Lwin |
Minhla (1) |
- |
171 |
Daw Hla Hla Moe |
Minhla (2) |
- |
172 |
U Hla Aung |
Monyo (1) |
- |
173 |
U Tun Shwe |
Monyo (2) |
- |
174 |
Dr. Kyaw Kyaw |
Yedashe (1) |
- |
175 |
U Tun Aung |
Yedashe (2) |
- |
176 |
U Soe Lwin |
Shwegyin |
- |
177 |
U Than Kywe |
Shwedaung (1) |
- |
178 |
U Paik Chon |
Shwedaung (2) |
- |
179 |
U Aung Myint |
Letpadan (1) |
- |
180 |
U Nyunt Aye |
Letpadan (2) |
- |
181 |
U Tin Shwe |
Waw (1) |
- |
182 |
U Soe Thein (Maung Wuntha) |
Waw (2) |
- |
183 |
U Aye Thein |
Thanatpin (1) |
- |
184 |
Dr. Htay Thein |
Thanatpin (2) |
- |
185 |
U Aye |
Thegon (1) |
- |
186 |
U Thein Tun |
Thegon (2) |
- |
187 |
U San Win |
Thayawaddy (1) |
- |
188 |
U Maung Aye |
Thayawaddy (2) |
- |
189 |
U Tin Oo |
Okpo (1) |
- |
190 |
U Tha Maung |
Okpo (2) |
- |
191 |
U Khin Maung Win |
Oaktwin (2) |
- |
192 |
U Myint Aung |
Kamma |
MAGWE |
193 |
U Myint Thein |
Chauk (1) |
- |
194 |
Dr. Nyunt Sein |
Chauk (2) |
- |
195 |
U Aung Htoo |
Gangaw |
- |
196 |
U Kyi Lwin |
Ngahpe |
- |
197 |
U Tar |
Salin (1) |
- |
198 |
U |
Salin (2) |
- |
199 |
U Aunt Kyi |
Sedoktara |
- |
200 |
U Han Zaw |
Sinbaungwe |
- |
201 |
U Soe Win |
Seikphyu |
- |
202 |
U Kyaw Tin |
Saw |
- |
203 |
U Thein Kyi |
Taungdwingyi (1) |
- |
204 |
Dr. Than Naing |
Taungdwingyi (2) |
- |
205 |
U Saw Win (a) U Kyaw Zaw Lin |
Htilin |
- |
206 |
U Bo Htwe |
Natmauk (1) |
- |
207 |
U Aung Myint Thein |
Natmauk (2) |
- |
208 |
Dr. Kyi Min |
Pakokku (1) |
- |
209 |
U Hlaing Aye |
Pakokku (2) |
- |
210 |
U Kyaw Shin |
Pwintbyu (1) |
- |
211 |
Dr. Aung Moe Nyo |
Pwintbyu (2) |
- |
212 |
U Khin Maung Kyi |
Pauk (1) |
- |
213 |
U Aung Naing Oo |
Pauk (2) |
- |
214 |
U Kyaw Myint |
Magwe (1) |
- |
215 |
U Aung Soe |
Magwe (2) |
- |
216 |
U Nyunt Hlaing |
Aunglan (1) |
- |
217 |
U Thein Zan |
Aunglan (2) |
- |
218 |
U Tha Aung |
Myothit (1) |
- |
219 |
U Chit Htwe |
Myothit (2) |
- |
220 |
U Tun Win |
Mindon |
- |
221 |
U Soe Myint |
Minbu (1) |
- |
222 |
U Hla Soe |
Minbu (2) |
- |
223 |
U Chit Tin |
|
- |
224 |
U Aung San Myint |
Myaing (1) |
- |
225 |
U Myint Aung |
Myaing (2) |
- |
226 |
U Maw Ni |
Yesagyo (1) |
- |
227 |
U Tin Maung |
Yesagyo (2) |
- |
228 |
Thakin Khin Nyunt |
Yenangyaung (1) |
- |
229 |
U Khin Kyaw Han |
Yenangyaung (2) |
- |
230 |
U Khin Maung Than |
Thayet |
- |
231 |
U Aung Kyaw Oo |
Kyaukse (1) |
MANDALY |
232 |
U Kyaw Win |
Kyaukse (2) |
- |
233 |
U Bo Zan |
Kyaukpadaung (1) |
- |
234 |
U Ngwe Tun |
Kyaukpadaung (2) |
- |
235 |
U Saw Htay |
Singu |
- |
236 |
Dr. Soe Myint |
Singaing (1) |
- |
237 |
Dr. Hla Soe Nyunt |
Singaing (2) |
- |
238 |
U Cho |
Nyaung – U (1) |
- |
239 |
U Pe Tin |
Nyaung – U (2) |
- |
240 |
U Ayar |
Tada-U (1) |
- |
241 |
U Than Ni |
Tada-U (2) |
- |
242 |
U Wan Maung |
Tatkon (1) |
- |
243 |
U Win Hlaing |
Tatkon (2) |
- |
244 |
Lt. Col. Chit Khaing (Retd.) |
Taungtha (1) |
- |
245 |
U Than Tun |
Taungtha (2) |
- |
246 |
U Pan Tha |
Natogyi (1) |
- |
247 |
U Sein Maung |
Natogyi (2) |
- |
248 |
U San Nyunt Wai |
Patheingyi (1) |
- |
249 |
|
Pahteingyi (2) |
- |
250 |
U Tint Lwin |
Pyinmana (1) |
- |
251 |
U Kyaw |
Pyinmana (2) |
- |
252 |
U Khin Maung Nyo |
Pyawbwe (1) |
- |
253 |
U Hla Pe |
Pyawbwe (2) |
- |
254 |
U Saw Shwe |
Mahlaing (1) |
- |
255 |
U Maung Maung Myint |
Mahlaing (2) |
- |
256 |
U Hla Saw Oo |
Maymyo (1) |
- |
257 |
Daw May Hnin Kyi |
Mogok (1) |
- |
258 |
U Bo Hla Tint |
Mogok (2) |
- |
259 |
Dr. Aung Wai |
Madaya (1) |
- |
260 |
U Than Lwin |
Madaya (2) |
- |
261 |
Maj. Maung Maung Myint (Retd) |
Meiktila (1) |
- |
262 |
Dr. Thein Lwin |
Meiktila (2) |
- |
263 |
Dr. Soe Lin |
|
- |
264 |
U Thein Oo |
|
- |
265 |
U Tin Aung Aung |
|
- |
266 |
U Aung Soe |
|
- |
267 |
U Tin Nyunt (a) U Htin Kyaw |
|
- |
268 |
U Ohn Kyaing (Aung Wint) |
|
- |
269 |
U Maung Maung Aye |
|
- |
270 |
Lt.Col Tin Aye (Retd.) |
|
- |
271 |
U Paw Khin |
Myingyan (1) |
- |
272 |
U Maung Maung Win (a) U Win Maung |
Myingyan (2) |
- |
273 |
Daw Ohn Kyi |
Myittha (1) |
- |
274 |
U Myo Myint |
Myittha (2) |
- |
275 |
U Maung Maung Myint |
Yamethin (1) |
- |
276 |
U Maung Maung Than |
Yamethin (2) |
- |
277 |
U Tin Htut Oo |
Lewe (1) |
- |
278 |
U Nyi Nyi Htun |
Lewe (2) |
- |
279 |
Dr. Thaung Tin |
Wundwin (1) |
- |
280 |
U Hla Aung |
Wundwin (2) |
- |
281 |
U Maw |
Thabeikkyin |
- |
282 |
U Thein Maung |
Thazi (1) |
- |
283 |
U Maung Maung Lay |
Thazi (2) |
- |
284 |
Dr. Zaw Myint Maung |
Amarapura (1) |
- |
285 |
U Ba Bwa |
Amarapura (2) |
- |
286 |
U Wun (Minthuwun) |
Kamaryut |
|
287 |
U Ba Swe (Myaungmya Ba Swe) |
Kawhmu |
- |
288 |
U Tin Soe |
Kyauktada |
- |
289 |
U Hla Tun |
Kemmendine |
- |
290 |
Dr. Than Nyein |
Kyauktan (1) |
- |
291 |
U Soe Nyunt |
Kyauktan (2) |
- |
292 |
U Kyi Win |
Mingaladon (1) |
- |
293 |
U Tin Tun Maung |
Mingaladon (2) |
- |
294 |
U Hla Than |
|
- |
295 |
U Kyaw Thwin |
Kayan (1) |
- |
296 |
U Tin Maung Win |
Kayan (2) |
- |
297 |
U Khin Maung Swe |
Sanchaung |
- |
298 |
Daw San San |
Hseikkan (Port) |
- |
299 |
Dr. Sein Win |
Seikkyi Khanaungdo |
- |
300 |
U Hla Thein |
Tamwe (1) |
- |
301 |
U Thein Myint |
Tamwe (2) |
- |
302 |
U Tha Saing |
Twante (1) |
- |
303 |
U Mya Hlaing |
Twante (2) |
- |
304 |
U Hla Tun |
Taikkyi (1) |
- |
305 |
Daw San May (Shuegu May Hnin) |
Taikkyi (2) |
- |
306 |
U Tin Ko Ko |
Htantabin |
- |
307 |
Thakin Soe Myint |
|
- |
308 |
U Khin Maung Kyaw |
|
- |
309 |
U Aung Zaw |
Dagon |
- |
310 |
U Sein Win |
Dala |
- |
311 |
U Mya Maung |
Dawbon |
- |
312 |
U Naing Naing |
Pazundaung |
- |
313 |
U Kyi Maung |
Bahan (2) |
- |
314 |
U Maung Maung Kyaw |
Botahtaung |
- |
315 |
U Aung Shwe |
Mayangone (1) |
- |
316 |
Dr. May Win Myint |
Mayangone (2) |
- |
317 |
Dr. Aung Khin Sint |
Mingala Taungnyunt (1) |
- |
318 |
Dr. Than Aung |
Mingala Taungnyunt (2) |
- |
319 |
Daw Khin Aye Myint |
Yankin |
- |
320 |
Dr. Than Win |
|
- |
321 |
U Kyaw Nyunt |
|
- |
322 |
U Soe Tin (a) U Soe |
Hmawbe (1) |
- |
323 |
U Khin Maung Tun |
Hmawbe (2) |
- |
324 |
U Kyi Myint |
Latha |
- |
325 |
Col. Maung Shwe (Retd) |
Hlaing (1) |
- |
326 |
|
Hlaing (2) |
- |
327 |
U Saw Kyaw Sein |
Hlegu (1) |
- |
328 |
U San Tin |
Hlegu (2) |
- |
329 |
U Nay Oo |
Lanmadaw |
- |
330 |
Dr. Maung Maung Latt |
Thaketa (1) |
- |
331 |
U Ohn Myint |
Thaketa (2) |
- |
332 |
U Thein Nyunt |
Thingangyun (1) |
- |
333 |
U Myint Thein |
Thingangyun (2) |
- |
334 |
U Lwin (a) Col. Maung Lwin |
Thongwa (1) |
- |
335 |
U Kyaw Myint |
Thongwa (2) |
- |
336 |
Dr. Win Naing |
Syriam (1) |
- |
337 |
U Than Win |
Syriam (2) |
- |
338 |
Daw San San Win |
Ahlone |
- |
339 |
U Tun Hlaing |
Insein (1) |
- |
340 |
U Sein Hla Oo (Maung Nwe Oo) |
Insein (2) |
- |
341 |
Capt. Than Kywe (Retd) |
Hlaingthaya |
- |
342 |
U Sein Lwin |
Shwepyitha |
- |
343 |
U Tun Ohn |
Dagon Mothit |
- |
344 |
U Yu Gan |
Kungyankone |
- |
345 |
U Saw Lwin |
Kyaunggon (1) |
IRRAWADY
|
346 |
Dr. Hla Win |
Kyaunggon (2) |
- |
347 |
Dr. Ye Myint |
Kyangin |
- |
348 |
U Mahn Johnny |
Kyonpyaw (1) |
- |
349 |
U Tin |
Kyonpyaw (2) |
- |
350 |
U Than Tin |
Kyaiklat (1) |
- |
351 |
U Tin Win |
Kyaiklat (2) |
- |
352 |
U David Hla Myint |
Ngapudaw (1) |
- |
353 |
Dr. Sit Tin |
Ngapudaw (2) |
- |
354 |
U Kyaw Myint |
Zalun (1) |
- |
355 |
Col. Kyi Win (Retd) |
Zalun (2) |
- |
356 |
U Aung Kyaing |
Nyaungdon (1) |
- |
357 |
U Tha Soe |
Nyaungdon (2) |
- |
358 |
Dr. Myo Nyunt |
Dedaye (1) |
- |
359 |
U Than Tun |
Dedaye (2) |
- |
360 |
U Win Myint |
Danubyu (1) |
- |
361 |
U Thaung Yi |
Danubyu (2) |
- |
362 |
Dr. Tin Min Htut |
Pantanaw (1) |
- |
363 |
U Mahn Nyunt Thein |
Pantanaw (2) |
- |
364 |
U Nyunt Hlaing |
Bassein East (1) |
- |
365 |
U Hla Kyi |
Bassein East (2) |
- |
366 |
U Tin Chaw |
Bassein West (1) |
- |
367 |
U Kyaw Min (Architeet) |
Bassein West (2) |
- |
368 |
U Thaung Tin |
Pyapon (1) |
- |
369 |
U Min Swe |
Pyapon (2) |
- |
370 |
U Win Kyaing |
Bogale (1) |
- |
371 |
Dr. Sein Myint |
Bogale (2) |
- |
372 |
U Aung Kyin |
Myaungmya (1) |
- |
373 |
U Soe Min |
Myaungmya (2) |
- |
374 |
U Hla Pe |
Moulmyinegyun (1) |
- |
375 |
U Tin Hla |
Moulmyinegyun (2) |
- |
376 |
U Hla Myint |
Maubin (2) |
- |
377 |
U Tin Oo |
Myanaung (1) |
- |
378 |
U Myint Thein |
Myanaung (2) |
- |
379 |
U Nyunt Win |
Yekyi (1) |
- |
380 |
U Maung Maung |
Yekyi (2) |
- |
381 |
U Kyi Win |
Labutta (1) |
- |
382 |
Dr. Aye Kyu |
Labutta (2) |
- |
383 |
U Si Maung |
Laymyethna (1) |
- |
384 |
U Hsan Myint |
Laymyethna (2) |
- |
385 |
U Tin Aung |
Wakema (1) |
- |
386 |
U Hla Myint |
Thabaung (1) |
- |
387 |
U Than Win |
Thabaung (2) |
- |
388 |
U Mya Than |
Henzada (1) |
- |
389 |
Dr. Zaw Myint |
Henzada (2) |
- |
390 |
U Mya Win |
Ingapu (1) |
- |
391 |
U Tin Htut |
Einme (1) |
- |
392 |
U Myint Maung |
Einme (2) |
- |
(2) SHAN NATIONALITIES LEAGUE FOR DEMOCRACY (SNLD)
Leader: Hkun
Htoon Oo (born 11 September 1943 in Hsenwi; Served as personal assistant to
military attache for Indonesia (1967), technical representative for Overseas
Courier Service; President of SNLD since 1989)
One elected MP in 1990
Election, Sai Hla Pay, gains the most votes (91.45%) in all of
|
||
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
U Sai Leik (a) U Se Leik |
Kunheng |
2. |
U Tun Tin |
Kehsi |
3. |
U Hla Pe (a) U Sai Fah |
Kyaukme (1) |
4. |
U Sai Hsawng Hsee (a) U Nelson |
Kyaukme (2) |
5. |
U Khun Gyi |
Tangyan (1) |
6. |
U Tun Hsa (a) U Sai Tun Win |
Tangyan (2) |
7. |
U Sai Tin Win (a) U Tin Win |
Namsang |
8. |
U Sai Tha Aye |
Namhkam |
9. |
U Sao Tha Tint |
Pinlaung (2) |
10. |
U Khun Pwint |
Mongnai |
11. |
U Sai Ok (a) U Sai Tin Aung |
Maukmai |
12. |
U Sai Moe Kyi |
Mongpan |
13. |
U Sai Om |
Mongkai |
14. |
U Sai Win Pe |
Monghsu |
15. |
U Hla Din |
Mongrai |
16. |
U Sai Hla Pe |
Muse (1) |
17. |
U Sai Maung Lay |
Muse (2) |
18. |
U Sai Kyaw Sein |
Mongton |
19. |
U Sai Tun Kyaw |
Loilem |
20. |
U Tha Tun Mya |
Laikha |
21. |
U Sai Tun Aung |
Langkho |
22. |
U Sai Tun Lu |
Hsenwi |
23. |
U Hkun Htoon Oo |
Hsipaw (1) |
Political parties that won seats in the 1990 elections in
1.
Shan Nationalities League for Democracy 23
seats
2.
National League for Democracy 22 seats
3. Union
Pa-O National Organization 3 seats
4. Ta
arng (Palaung) National League for Democracy 2 seats
5.
National Unity Party 1 seats
6.
Union National Democracy Party 1 seats
7.
Democratic Organization for Kayan National Unity 1 seats
8.
Lahu National Development Party 1 seats
9.
Union Danu League for Democracy 1 seats
10. Shan State Kokang Democratic Party 1 seats
Total: 56
seats
(3) ARAKAN LEAGUE FOR DEMOCRACY (ALD)
The ALD contested
the 1990 General Elections, winning 11 of 26 parliamentary seats, a majority in
the
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
Dr. Tun Aye |
Kyauktaw (1) |
2. |
U San Tun (a) U Lu Pru |
Akyab (2) |
3. |
U Ba Than |
Pauktaw (1) |
4. |
U Saw Tun Sein |
Pauktaw (2) |
5. |
U Aung Tun Sein |
Ponnagyun |
6. |
U Maung Myint |
Minbya (1) |
7. |
U Tun Win |
Minbya (2) |
8. |
U Tha Noe |
Rathedaung (2) |
9. |
U Pru Sein Oo |
Myebon |
10. |
Dr. U Saw Mra Aung |
Mrauk U (1) |
11. |
U Aung Hla Zan |
Mruk U (2) |
(4) NATIONAL UNITY PARTY (NUP)
The BSPP (Burma Socialist Programme
Party) was dismantled during the mass demonstrations in 1988 and a new political
party known as the NUP (pro-regime) was established in its place.
Militaries formed the dictatorial
Taingyintha Silone Nyinyutye (National Unity) party before the elections. As
the state party, the BSPP's assets were the property of the state. However,
contrary to the existing laws, the Burmese military handed over BSPP finances,
buildings and other important materials to the NUP. Despite the junta's 26 year
period of socialist rule and the NUP's backing from the military, however, the
party won only 10 seats, equivalent to 2% in the parliamentary elections in
1990, while the NLD gained 392 seats or 81%.
Even in some military
tounships the vote had gone against the SLORC-backed NUP candidate and the
soldiers themselves had supported the NLD.
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
Col. Thet Wai (Retd.) |
Wakema (2) - |
2. |
U Chit Than |
Maubin (1) - |
3. |
Col. Maung Ohn (Retd) |
Prome (1) –Pegu Division |
4. |
U Kyaw Maung |
Nanyun – Sagaing Division |
5. |
U Khun Tun Lu |
Hopang – |
6. |
U Ling Ha |
|
7. |
U Saw Tar Rutu |
Phasawng – |
8. |
U Aung Thein |
Bawlake – |
9. |
U M. Sinsar |
Nawngmun – |
10. |
U Mok Myaw Hsan Khawng |
Hsawlaw – |
(5) MON NATIONAL DEMOCRATIC FRONT (MNDF)
Of 485 parliamentary seats
contested, the MNDF won 5 seats.
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
U Nai Khin Maung |
Kyaikmaraw (2) – |
2. |
Dr. Min Kyi Win |
Mudon (2) – |
3. |
Dr. Min Soe Lin |
Ye (1) – |
4. |
U Nai Tun Thein |
Thanbyuzayat (2) – |
5. |
U Nai Thaung Shein |
Kawkareik (2) – |
(6) NATIONAL DEMOCRACY PARTY FOR HUMAN
RIGHTS (NDPHR)
Of 485 parliamentary seats
contested, the NDPHR won 4 seats in
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
U Chit Lwin (a) Ebrahim |
Maungdaw (1) |
2. |
Fazul Ahmed |
Maungdaw (2) |
3. |
U Kyaw Min (a) Marmaud Shaoshu Arnolgula
Haud |
Buthidaung (1) |
4. |
U Tin Maung (a) Nur Ahmed |
Buthidaung (2) |
(7) PARTY FOR NATIONAL DEMOCRACY (PND)
Of 485 parliamentary seats contested, the PND (sister party
of NLD) won 3 seats in Pegu Division.
(Election Commission Announcement No. 902 of
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
Dr. Sein Win |
Paukkhaung |
2. |
U Soe Win |
Pegu (1) |
3. |
U Thein Oo |
Oaktwin (1) |
(8) CHIN NATIONAL LEAGUE FOR DEMOCRACY (CNLD)
Of 485 parliamentary seats contested, the CNLD won 3 seats in
CNLD, as a national party represented the Chin people, was
formed with branches in the present townships of Chin State and other regions
where Chin resided -- Kale and Kabaw Townships of Sagaing Division, Gangaw,
Ngaphe and Sedoktara Townships of Magwe Division, Minbya, Myebon, Sandoway and
Kyaukpyu Townships of Arakan State. CNLD contested 13 constituencies in the
1990 elections and won 3 seats of Parliament in Falam (1), Falam (2) and
Mindat.It had an achievement of 23.08 per cent with total votes of 51.187 .
CNLD was one of the members
of United Nationalities League for Democracy (UNLD). The UNLD had made alliance
with NLD in 1990 both jointly issued “ Bo Aung Gyaw Street Declaration No. (1)”
The military regime SLORC,
however, with the aim to suppress the nationalities stopped recognition of UNLD
and national parties including CNLD and declared them illegal organizations by
the order No. 8/92 on
NO. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
U C.K Taikwell |
Falam (1) |
2. |
Da. Zahle Tang |
Falam (2) |
3. |
U Shein Pe Ling |
Mindat |
(9)
Of 485 parliamentary seats
contested, the KSNCD won 3 seats in
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
U G. Bawn Hlan |
Chiphwe |
2. |
U Zau Ein |
Sumprabum |
3. |
U Oo Byit Tu |
Myitkyina (2) |
(10) UNION PAOH NATIONAL ORGANIZATION (UPNO)
Of 485 parliamentary seats
contested, the UPNO won 3 seats in
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
U Sein Win |
Hsi Hseng |
2. |
U Maung Gyi |
Pinlaung (1) |
3. |
U San Hla |
Hopong |
(11) ZOMI NATIONAL CONGRESS (ZNC)
Of
485 parliamentary seats contested, the ZNC won seats in
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
U Tan Tang Lian |
Tonzang |
2. |
U Pu Cin Shing Thang |
Tiddim (2) |
(12)
Of
485 parliamentary seats contested, the NHRPP
won 2 sents in Sagaing Division.
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
U Khapo Kailon |
Lahe |
2. |
U Dwe Pawt |
Leshi |
(13)
Of 485 parliamentary seats
contested, the KSNLD won 2 seats in
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
U Khin Maung Cho |
Dimawhso (1) |
2. |
U Victor Lay |
Dimawhso (2) |
(14) TA-ANG (PALAUNG) NATIONAL LEAGUE FOR
DEMOCRACY (TNLD)
Of 485 parliamentary seats
contested, the TNLD won 2 seats in
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
U Ai Yi (a) U Hla Han |
Kutkai (2) |
2. |
U Tun Kyaw |
Namsan |
(15) DEMOCRATIC ORGANIZATION FOR KAYAN
NATIONAL UNITY (DOKNU)
Of 485 parliamentary seats
contested, the DOKNU won 2 seats.
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
U Khun Marko Ban |
Pekhon – |
2. |
U R.P. Thaung |
|
(16) PATRIOTIC
OLD COMRADES LEAGUE (POCL)
Of 485 parliamentary seats contested, the POCL (sister
party of NLD) won one seat.
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
Lt. Col. Hla Maung (Retd.) |
Kya-in-Seikkyi (1) – |
(17) DEMOCRACY PARTY (DP)
Of 485 parliamentary seats contested, the
Democracy Party won one seat in Rangoon Division.
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
U Tun Hlaing |
Bahan (1) |
(18)
Of 485 parliamentary seats
contested, the KSNO won one seat in
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
U Saw Tun Pe |
Hlaingbwe (1) |
(19) GRADUATES AND OLD STUDENTS
DEMOCRATIC ASSOCIATION (GOSDA)
Of 485 parliamentary seats
contested, the GOSDA won one seat in Rangoon Division.
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
U Maung Maung Aung |
Pabedan |
(20)
Of 485 parliamentary seats
contested, the SSKDP won one seat in
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
U Yankyin Maw |
Kunlong |
(21) UNION DANU LEAGUE FOR
DEMOCRACY (UDLD)
Of 485 parliamentary seats
contested, the UDLD won one seat in
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
U Myint Than |
Kalaw |
(22) KAMMANS NATIONAL LEAGUE
FOR DEMOCRACY (KNLD)
Of 485 parliamentary seats
contested, the KNLD won one seat in
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
U Shwe Ya |
Akyab (1) |
(23) MARA PEOPLE'S PARTY
(MPP)
Of 485 parliamentary seats
contested, the MPP won one seat in
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
U Yo Ok |
Matupi (1) |
(24) UNION NATIONALS
DEMOCRACY PARTY (UNDP)
Of 485 parliamentary seats
contested, the UNDP won one seat in
Leader: U
Aung Gyi, fomer President of the NLD. He was ousted from NLD on
and he
formed Union Nationals Democracy Party on
NO. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
U Aung Thein |
Ywangan |
(25) MRO OR KHAMI NATIONAL
SOLIDARITY ORGANIZATION (MKNSO)
Of 485 parliamentary seats
contested, the MKNSO won one seat in
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
U San Tha Aung |
Kyauktaw (2) |
(26) LAHU NATIONAL
DEVELOPMENT PARTY (LNDP)
Of 485 parliamentary seats
contested, the LNDP won one seat in
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
U Daniel Aung |
Mongping |
(27) UNITED NATIONALITIES LEAGUE FOR
DEMOCRACY (UNLD)
Of 485 parliamentary seats
contested, the UNLD won one seat in Sagaing Division.
The United Nationalities
League for Democracy (UNLD) and its umbrella parties contested in the 1990
elections and won 69 seats, which is 16% of the parliamentary seats in the Union
of Burma.A landslide victory went to National League for Democracy, a grand
alliance of UNLD.The UNLD was unilaterally dissolved by the SLORC in 1992.
The UNLD was an ethnic alliance umbrella
organization composed of the 25 ethnic opposition parties from seven States and
some Divisions.
Ethnic group political parties, each and every
nationality registered at least one party, and jointly formed united front of
the nationalities consisting of 18 parties named "United Nationalities
Legue for Democracy." UNLD won 67 seats in the general elections (Shan
–23, Rakhine-11, Mon-5, and others).
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
U Htaung Kho Htan |
Tamu |
INDEPENDENTS
During the 1990 general elections, only 87 out of 2,296 candidates were
independents. The percentage of independent (who is not standing on behalf of a
political party) in the election was 3.79. Of 485 parliamentary seats
contested, six independents won in the elections.
No. |
WINNER |
CONSTITUENCY |
1. |
Dr. Sann Aung |
Ingapu (2) – |
2. |
U Peter Linbin |
Maymyo (2) – |
3. |
U Win Shein |
Myaung (1)- Sagaing Division |
4. |
U Thcin Pe |
Kanbalu (1)- Sagaing Division |
5. |
U Liam Ok |
Ha-kha – |
6. |
Dr. Hmu Thang |
Thantlang – |
BRIEF BIOGRAPHIES OF ELECTED MPs
|
Location:
Climate:
Population, inhabitants, religion and dialects: The population of
Organization of districts, townships and villages: The three
districts constituted in the
NATIONAL LEAGUE FOR DEMOCRACY (NLD)
v
Name:
U Pu Htwe (Bamaw Nyo New)
Constituency: Bhamo
(Eligible Voters – 48,181; Votes Cast – 32,055; Valid Votes – 27,550; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 27 December 1922
Father: U Suu
On 17 March 1997, the Election Commission announced that U Pu Htwe had resigned
as an MP. It is understood that the SLORC used intimidation to force him to
resign. U Pu Htwe participated in the 1938 Strike as a rural organiser of the
Asian Youth Association (AYA) and began his literary career in 1945 under the
pen name ’Bamaw Nyo Nwe’. In 1963 he won the National Literary Award for his
poem entitled “Dawn”. In 1948 was
the secretary of Bhamo District Teachers’ Association. He worked as a middle
school teacher, high school teacher and education supervisor from 1949-1955 and
again as a high school teacher from 1962-1983. U Pu Htwe received 19,433 valid
votes as 71 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Tin Myint
Constituency: Kamaing
(Eligible Voters – 11,327; Votes Cast – 5,755; Valid Votes – 5,208; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 23 March 1924
Place of Birth: Kyaiklat, Irrawaddy Division
Parents: U Aye Maung and Daw Thein Yin
U Tin Myint was educated up to tenth standard at Shin Ardeitsawuntha National
School in Pazundaung, Rangoon. He participated in various military campaigns
from 1942-45, firstly fighting alongside the Japanese against the British, and
then fighting the Japanese as a soldier in
the Burma Independence Army (BIA), Burma Defense Army (BDA) and Patriotic
Burmese Force (PBF). After the Japanese occupation, he was arrested while
serving as the vice-chairman of the Pegu District Organising Committee of the
PBF. He was released when the government headed by Gen Aung San came into
power. U Tin Myint worked as a merchant from 1948-1957. He was the
joint-general secretary of Pegu District War Veteran Organisation and was
awarded the Star of Independence (First Class) for his efforts in bringing
independence to
v
Name: U
Maphang Hsin
Constituency: Khawbude
(Eligible Voters – 5,997; Votes Cast – 3,381; Valid Votes – 3,180; Number
of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1953
Place of Birth: Khawbude,
Parents: U Khiarkyaw and Daw Hturan Htanchan
On 22 December 1991, several MPs from Kachin State, including U Maphang Hsin, U
N Nan Gam, U Yaw Hsi, U Kyar Mya and U Kyaw Maung, left Myitkyina, the state
capital, and went underground. They fled to the Kachin Independence Organisation
(KIO) controlled area, then on to the Karen National Union (KNU) base at
Manerplaw on the Thai-Burma border. U Maphang Hsin subsequently became part of
the NLD-Liberated Area (Northern Chapter) when it was formed in the last week
of January 1992, at Pajao on the Sino-Burma border. He was part of a
seven-member NLD-LA Organising Committee. U Maphang Hsin, and the other four
representatives who fled in 1991, surrendered to the SLORC on
v
Name:
U N. Nan Gam
Constituency: Machanbaw
(Eligible Voters – 6,138; Votes Cast – 4,604;
Valid Votes – 4,082; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 4 March 1942
Place of Birth: Shavanga Village, Putao
Parents: U N Nan Tit and Daw Khin Hla
U N. Nan Gam surrendered to the SLORC on 5 June 1994 after fleeing to the
Thai-Burma border in 1991 with four other MPs from Kachin State. He was educated up to ninth standard
at Myitkyina and worked as a teacher at the
v
Name:
U J. M. Naula
Constituency: Mansi
(Elegible Voters – 7,447; Votes Cast – 5,362; Valid Votes – 4,387; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth:
Parents: U Maula San and Daw Phaw Shwe Ral
U J. M. Naula is the vice-chairman of Bamaw Township NLD. He was educated up to
tenth standard at
v
Name:
U Thaung Ngwe
Constituency: Moemauk
(Eligible Voters – 13,104; Votes Cast – 7,602; Valid Votes – 6,501; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 9 June 1949
Place of Birth: Moemauk
Father: U Khin Maung
The Election Commission announced on 4 March 1992 that U Thaung Ngwe had
resigned as an MP. It is understood that the SLORC used intimidation to force
him to resign. U Thaung Ngwe graduated with a Law degree from
v
Name:
U Tun Kyi
Constituency: Mogaung
(Eligible Voters – 56,212; Votes Cast – 36,124; Valid Votes – 29,407; Number of
Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 25 December 1942
Place of Birth: Mogaung
Parents: U Tun Oak and Daw Shwe
U Tun Kyi was educated up to seventh standard at Mogaung High School. He
actively took part in the 1988 pro-democracy uprising and became the Mogaung
Township NLD organiser when the party was formed. U Tun Kyi received 14,779
valid votes as 50 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Kyaw Maung
Constituency: Mohnyin (1)
(Eligible Voters – 40,315; Votes Cast – 30,685;
Valid Votes – 25,860; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 7 February 1944
Parents: U Ba Hlaing and Daw Hla Mae
U Kyaw Maung surrendered to the SLORC on 5 June 1994 after fleeing to the
Thai-Burma border in 1991 with four other MPs from Kachin State. He finished high school in 1962 and
became a primary school teacher at
v
Name:
U Kyar Mya
Constituency: Monhyin (2)
(Eligible Voters – 27,468; Votes Cast – 19,520; Valid Votes – 16,940; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1940
Place of Birth: Hopin
Parents: U Htin Paw and Daw Aye Nyint
U Kyar Mya surrendered to the SLORC on 5 June 1994 after fleeing to the
Thai-Burma border in 1991 with four other MPs from Kachin State and was secretary of the northern
chapter of the NLD-LA. He was educated up to seventh standard at
v
Name:
U Mya Maung
Constituency: Myitkyina (1)
(Eligible Voters – 39,204; Votes Cast – 26,003; Valid Votes – 21,837; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth:
Parents: U Sawt and Daw Kun
U Mya Maung passed away on
v
Name:
U Yaw Hsi
Constituency: Putao
(Eligible Voters – 29,900; Votes Cast – 21,960; Valid Votes – 17,707; Number of
Candidates – 8)
Date of Birth: 13 April 1948
Place of Birth: Biwahtan Village, Khawbude
Parents: U Harku and Daw Phaiaibi
U Yaw Hsi is still under detention.U Yaw Hsi surrendered to the SLORC on
5 June 1994 after fleeing to the Thai-Burma border in 1991 with four oiher MPs
from Kachin State. He was educated
up to seventh standard and was in charge of the Marmulae Village Co-operative
from 1982-83. On 1st February 1999, Burmese Military Regime
sentenced U Yaw Hsi to five and a half years imprisonment with hard labour for
possessing a tiny amount of opium oil for medical use.On 1st
February 1999, Burmese military regime sentenced U Yaw Hsi to five and a half
years imprisonment with hard labour for possessing a tiny amount of opium oil
for medical use.U Yaw Hsi was arrested in October 1998 during a raid at his
home in Putao, in which the police found among papers rag soaked with opium oil
.The cloth weighed about 3.4 milligrams.U Yaw Hsi however was arrested and
charged with possessing the illicit drug.According to locals, it is common in
upper Kachin State that they keep small pieces of rags or cloth soaked in opium
oil for use as a traditional cure for dysentery and other minor illness.Despite
the fact that the Burmese military is known to be heavily involved with drug
trafficking, it regularly suppresses small time drug traffickers in the pretest
of anti-narcotic efforts.In the case of U Yaw Hsi, the motive was clearly
political, as the quantity involved was no small, and as the widespread use of
drug for medical purposes is normally of no concern to the military
authorities.U Yaw Hsi has no connestion with narcotics production of dealing in
the area.It appears obvious that he was singled out for prosecution, as he is
an MP from NLD.U Yaw Hsi left for the jungle in 1991 to join up with exiled
NLD-MPs.However, he surrendered to the military in 1994 after the Kachin
Independent Army (KIA) signed a cease-fire agreement with the military
junta.Since his return, the military have wanted to arrest U Yaw Hsi on
political charges but have been unable to do so.This incident is reminiscent of
that of Dr. Tin Min Htut, another NLD-MP from Pantanaw (1), Irrawaddy Division,
who was detained in 1997 for alleged possessing illegal currency because during
a police raid at his home, they found two Singaporean coins in the toy cup his
son was playing with. U Yaw Hsi received 8,695 valid votes as 49 % in the 1990
elections.
v
Name:
Daw Sein Tin
Constituency: Shwegu
(Eligible Voters – 26,266; Votes Cast – 17,790; Valid Votes – 15,483; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1922
Father: U Poe Aung
The Election Commission announced on 23 February 1997 that Daw Sein Tin had
resigned as an MP. It is understood that the SLORC used intimidation to force
her to resign. Daw Sein Tin was part of the NLD boycott of the National
Convention on
v
Name:
U N. Wam Khan Zau Tawng
Constituency: Tanai
(Eligible Voters – 8,917; Votes Cast – 4,876; Valid Votes – 4,319; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 15 March 1927
Place of Birth: Innwankhan Village
Father: U N. Wam Kham Zau Aung
U N. Wam Khan Zau Tawng was educated to fourth standard in Myitkhyina and was a
member of the People’s Volunteer Force (PVF) in Nammar from 1946-1952. He was
also the chairman of Tanai Township Kachin Youth Organisation from 1948-1952. U
N. Wam Khan Zau Tawng served as the chairman of the Tanai People’s Council
under the BSPP government from 1974-78 and also a part-time member of the
Kachin State People’s Council from 1970-1980. He joined the NLD after the
August 1988 uprising and became the chairman of Tanai Township NLD.U N. Wam
Khan Zau Tawng received 2,771 valid votes as 64 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
Duwa Zaw Aung
Constituency: Waingmaw
(Eligible Voters – 35,741; Votes Cast – 24,792; Valid Votes – 21,751;
Number of Candidates – 8)
Date of Birth:
Father: Duwa Jah
Duwa Zaw Aung was the chairman of the Kachin State Student Union from
1954-1957. He was also the Bamaw District chairman of the Committee for the
Promotion of Kachin Culture from 1956-1957 and chairman of the
Duwa means chief of Kachin
people (Chieftain)
v
Name:
U G. Bawn Hlan
Constituency: Chiphwe
(Eligible Voters – 1,753; Votes Cast – 1,417; Valid Votes – 1,339; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 15 December 1953
Parents: U G Chan Bawn and Daw La Nam
The State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC) banned the Kachin State
National Congress for Democracy (KSNCD) on 6 March 1992. Following the 1990
election the unsuccessful National Unity Party (NUP) candidate U Khaw Saung
lodged a protest against U G. Bawn Hlan. The Election Commission launched an
investigation into the complaint which was dismissed. U G. Bawn Hlan passed tenth standard at Myitkyina State High
School No.(3). U G. Bawn Hlan received 496 valid votes as 37 % in the 1990
elections.
v
Name:
U Oo Byit Tu
Constituency: Myitkyina (2)
(Eligible Voters – 39,894; Votes Cast – 22,420; Valid Votes – 19,244; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 1 June 1920
Place of Birth: Lamaga Village, Swamprabwam
Parents: U Oo Byit Naw On and Daw Daung Grakha
U Oo Byit Tu voluntarily resigned as Kachin State National Congress for
Democracy (KSNCD) chairman and as a Member of Parliament on 13 January 1992. He
joined the Burma Rifle Regiment (2) under the British in 1939 and, while in the
army, continued his education in
v
Name:
U Zau Ein
Constituency: Sumprabum
(Eligible Voters – 1,284; Votes Cast – 879; Valid Votes – 806; Number of
Candidates – 2)
Date of Birth:
Place of Birth:
Parents: U Sinkhar Naung and Daw Susyel Jar
U Zau Ein voluntarily resigned as an MP on
NATIONAL UNITY PARTY (NUP)
v
Name:
U Mok Myaw Hsan Khawng
Constituency: Hsawlaw
(Eligible Voters – 452; Votes Cast – 397; Valid Votes – 382; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 4 October 1947
Place of Birth: Htawtlan Village, Hsawlaw
Parents: U Khau San and Daw Khau Yaw
U Mok Myaw Hsan Khawng studied at Myitkyina College from 1970-1973 and worked
at Myitkyina Kein Myat Hospital for two years. He was a Burma Socialist
Programme Party (BSPP) Hsawlaw Township Party Unit member from 1975-1988, and
was then appointed secretary of the township party unit. U Mok Myaw Hsan Khawng
received 158 valid votes as 41 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U M. Sinsar
Constituency: Nawngmun
(Eligible Voters – 3,850; Votes Cast – 3,096;
Valid Votes – 2,877; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 3 June 1925
Place of Birth: Nawngmun
Parents: U Monhaung and Tina
Following the 1988 demonstrations U M. Sinsar became a member of the National
Unity Party (NUP) Central Executive Committee. He was educated to tenth standard and worked as a clerk at the
Kachin State Education Department from 1956-1957 and as a deputy headmaster. He
was a Burma Socialist Programme Party (BSPP) township organiser, a member of
the BSPP Regional Committee for
|
Location: Kayah State
is situated in eastern Burma and bounded on the north by Shan State. on the east by
Climate: The
highland area has the wet climate of mild-hot regions and the low-lying areas
have the climate of Savanna and monsoon climate of the tropical regions. In
winter, the average temperature of the highland areas is below 40°F (4.4°C) and
that of the low lying areas is 62.6°F (17°C). In May, the hottest month, the
average temperature is 77.4°F (25°C). The annual rainfall in low-lying areas is
about 38.43 inches. The highland areas get more rain.
Population, inhabitants, religion and dialects: The estimated
population in 1996 had been over 240,000 and the population density is about 53
persons per sq mile. The population
density in Loikaw and
Organization of districts, townships, villages and wards: Loikaw and
Bawlake districts are constituted with seven townships. There are 106 wards and
village-tracts. The area of the State is 4,529.564 sq miles. The capital of the
state is Loikaw.
NATIONAL LEAGUE FOR DEMOCRACY (NLD)
v
Name:
U Bo Thin
Constituency: Loikaw (1)
(Eligible Voters – 19,854; Votes Cast – 12,659; Valid Votes – 11,647;
Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth:
Father: U Ba Thaung
On
v
Name: U
Teddy Buri
Constituency: Loikaw (2)
(Eligible Voters – 21,536; Votes Cast – 12,272;
Valid Votes – 10,688; Number of Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 19 December 1944
Father: U Maung Maung Kyaw
U Teddy Buri left Burma in 1994 and
subsequently joined Burma’s “government in exile”, the National Coalition
Government of the Union of Burma (NCGUB) on the Thai-Burma border. He was
appointed Minister of the Prime Minister’s office on 27 July 1995, and was made
NCGUB Minister for Asia/Pacific Affairs in July 1997. He is also chairman of
the Foreign Affairs Committee of National Council of the Union of Burma (NCUB)
and Members of Parliament Union (MPU).U Teddy Buri graduated in English at
Rangoon University in 1967. He was a teacher at Loikaw State High School from
1968-1969 and worked at the Lawpita Hydro-electric Power Plant from 1973-1975.
He was a Central Executive Committee member of the Burma Socialist Programme
Party (BSPP) Kayah State Council from 1975-1978, and was the general secretary
of the Kayah State Co-operative from
1987-1988. U Teddy Buri received 6,182 valid votes as 58 % in the 1990
elections.
v
Name: U Saw Oo Reh
Constituency: Phruso
(Eligible Voters – 9,237; Votes Cast – 3,330; Valid Votes – 2,739; Number of Candidates –
4)
Date of Birth: 30 August 1928
Father: U Toe Reh
U Saw Oo Reh was imprisoned in Loikaw, Kayah State, and is suffering from
serious diabetes and kidney problems and released on 21 June 2002.He was freed
from Loikaw “correctional facility” in Kayah State on ground of humanitarian
consideration out of his sickness suffered in the prison. He was hospitalised
in July 1997 as a result of his health problems and, although in shackles, was
tied to his hospital bed. U Saw Oo Reh was arrested on 18 December 1996 and
charged with financially supporting the outlawed Karenni National Progressive Party
(KNPP) and writing a book entitled ‘The
Crisis of Kayah State and Causes of Civil War in Burma’. He was charged
under the Association with Illegal
Organisations Act and the 1962
Printing and Publishing Act, and sentenced to 17 years imprisonment. Prior
to his arrest, on 28 November 1996 the Election Commission announced that U Saw
Oo Reh had resigned as an MP. It is understood that the SLORC used intimidation
to force him to resign. He joined the National League for Democracy (NLD) after
the August 1988 uprising and was a member of the Kayah State Organising
Committee. He was then a Central Committee member of the NLD and boycotted the
National Convention on 28 December 1995. U Saw Oo Reh was educated up to
seventh standard and during World War II he served as sergeant with
spider-badge paratroop unit 136. He was a candidate in the 1960 election, and
was a representative of the Pyithu
Hluttaw from 1974-1978 for Phruso Township, Kayah State. U Saw Oo Reh
received 1,070 valid votes as 39 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U
Aung Tin
Constituency: Shadaw
(Eligible Voters – 2,546; Votes Cast – 871;
Valid Votes – 735; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 30 August 1935
Father: U Ba Aung
U Aung Tin joined the National League for Democracy (NLD) following the August
1988 uprising. He studied up to ninth standard and from 1954-1956 worked for
the Electric Power Corporation. He was then the deputy in charge of the
Agriculture and Farm Products Trading Corporation and has worked as a merchant
since 1967. U Aung Tin received 417 valid votes as 57 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U
Khin Maung Cho
Constituency: Dimawhso (1)
(Eligible Voters – 12,187; Votes Cast – 5,658;
Valid Votes – 4,778; Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 1939
Place of Birth: Nanpae Khon Village
Parents: U Saung and Daw Nan Myat
U Khin Maung Cho became an independent MP after the SLORC banned the Kayah
State All Nationalities League for Democracy (KSNLD) with order 8/92 on 18
March 1992. The National Convention Convening Commission dismissed him from the
Convention for allegedly having unauthorised discussions. U Khin Maung Cho is a
former Central Executive Committee member of the KSNLD. He worked as a civil
servant for the Kayah State Trade Corporation from 1964-1967 and then worked as
a merchant. U Khin Maung Cho received 2,298 valid votes as 48 % in the 1990
elections.
v
Name: U
Victor Lay
Constituency: Dimawhso (2)
(Eligible Voters – 12,209; Votes Cast – 8,535;
Valid Votes – 7,044; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 19 July 1949
Parents: U A Mya Lay and Daw Layte Shar
U Victor Lay became an independent MP after the SLORC banned the Kayah State
All Nationalities League for Democracy (KSNLD) in 1992. He graduated from
Pyinmana Agricultural Science Institute in 1973 and from the Taunggyi Teacher
Training Course in 1975. U Victor Lay received 4,614 valid votes as 66 % in the
1990 elections.
NATIONAL
UNITY PARTY (NUP)
v
Name: U
Aung Thein
Constituency: Bawlake
(Eligible Voters – 2,575; Votes Cast – 1,831;
Valid Votes – 1,426; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1940
Place of Birth: Loikaw
Father: U San Sint
U Aung Thein completed high school at Loikaw State High School in 1961 and
worked as a clerk at the District Administrative Office from 1961-1971. He was
then a committee member, secretary and chairman of Bawlake Township Burma
Socialist Programme Party (BSPP) Party Unit, as well as a secretary of the BSPP
Regional Committee and a member of the BSPP Central Committee. He was elected
to the Pyithu Hluttaw in 1981 as a
representative of Phasawng Township. U Aung Thein received 697 valid votes as
49 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Saw Tar Rutu
Constituency: Phasawng
(Eligible Voters – 7,753; Votes Cast – 3,574;
Valid Votes – 3,121; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 24 December 1939
Place of Birth: Lokharlo Village, Phasawng
Father: U Saw Tin Ray
U Saw Tar Rutu graduated from Rangoon University in 1968 with a Bachelor of
Science degree in Chemistry. He worked at the Mawchee Mine Project, Kayah
State, and attended the Burma Socialist Programme Party (BSPP)’s basic political
course in 1970. In 1972 he worked as the secretary of Phasawng Township Security and Administrative
Committee and was the chairman of Phasawng Township People’s Council from
1974-1985. He was the chairman of Phasawng Township BSPP Party Unit from 1985-1988.
U Saw Tar Rutu received 1,621 valid votes as 52 % in the 1990 elections.
Karen State |
Location: Located
between latitudes 15° 45' north and 19° 25' north and longitudes 96° 10' east and
98° 28' east. Karen State shares the border with Yamethin District, Shan State
and Kayah State in the north, Toungoo, Thaton and Moulmein districts in the
west, Ye Township in the south and Thailand in
the east. The area of the State is 11,731 sq-miles.
Climate: Karen State has a
hot and humid climate because of the mountain ranges that lie in its backdrop
and its location, which is near the sea, in the tropics. The temperature of the
hottest month in eastern mountain regions never falls below 71.9° F. Lowlands
in the west and south of the state are located in the tropical monsoon climate.
The lowest annual rainfall in the region is 120 inches and the highest is 190
inches. The regions get most of the rain in summer. Some of the rivers and
creeks in Karen State are flowing from south to north due to the location of
mountains. The main rivers in the state are Thanlwin, Thaungyin and Attaran
rivers.
Population, inhabitant, languages and religion: National races such
as Karen, Bamar, Pa-O, Shan, Mon and Rakhine are residing in the state which
has a population of 1,431,377. The main religions are Buddhism. Christian and Leke. The word Karen is the collective name
for all or Sawhaw (Sakaw), Sho (Poe) and Bwe national races. Descended from
Tibet-Myanmar dialect group, Karens gradually entered Burma in Seventh AD or
Eighth AD from east of Toungoo. The six different families of Kayin nationals
are Sawhaw (Sakaw), Sho (Poe), Bwe, Padaung, Kayinni and Zayein. They can be
also defined as northern Karens and southern Karens based on the regions they
are living in. Bwes are northern Karens and Sawhaws (Sakaws) and Shos (Poes)
are southern Karens. Though there are differences in tone and accent in
dialects of various groups of the Karen family, they all came from the same
origin. National races such as Karen, Bamar, Pa-O, Shan, Mon and Rakhine are
residing in the state which has a population of 1,431,377. The main religions
are Buddhism. Christian and Leke. The word Kayin is
the collective name for all or Sawhaw (Sakaw), Sho (Poe) and Bwe national
races. Descended from Tibet-Myanmar dialect group, Karens gradually entered
Burma in Seventh AD or Eighth AD from east of Toungoo. The six different
families of Karen nationals are Sawhaw (Sakaw), Sho (Poe), Bwe, Padaung, Kayinni
and Zayein. They can be also defined as northern Karens and southern Karens
based on the regions they are living in. Bwes are northern Karens and Sawhaws
(Sakaws) and Shos (Poes) are southern Karens.Though there are differences in
tone and accent in dialects of various groups of the Karen family, they all
came from the same origin.National races such as Karen, Bamar, Pa-O, Shan, Mon
and Arakan are residing in the state which has a population of 1,431,377. The
main religions are Buddhism. Christian and Leke.The word Karen is the
collective name for all or Sawhaw (Sakaw), Sho (Poe) and Bwe national races.
Descended from Tibet-Myanmar dialect group, Karens gradually entered Burma in
Seventh AD or Eighth AD from east of Toungoo. The six different families of Kayin
nationals are Sawhaw (Sakaw), Sho (Poe), Bwe, Padaung, Kayinni and Zayein. They
can be also defined as northern Karens and southern Karens based on the regions
they are living in. Bwes are northern Karens and Sawhaws (Sakaws) and Shos
(Poes) are southern Karens.Though there are differences in tone and accent in
dialects of various groups of the Karen family, they all came from the same
origin.National races such as Karen, Bamar, Pa-O, Shan, Mon and Arakan are
residing in the state which has a population of 1,431,377. The main religions
are Buddhism. Christian and Leke.The word Karen is the collective name for all
or Sawhaw (Sakaw), Sho (Poe) and Bwe national races. Descended from
Tibet-Myanmar dialect group, Karens gradually entered Burma in Seventh AD or
Eighth AD from east of Toungoo. The six different families of Kayin nationals
are Sawhaw (Sakaw), Sho (Poe), Bwe, Padaung, Kayinni and Zayein. They can be
also defined as northern Karens and southern Karens based on the regions they
are living in. Bwes are northern Karens and Sawhaws (Sakaws) and Shos (Poes)
are southern Karens.Though there are differences in tone and accent in dialects
of various groups of the Karen family, they all came from the same origin.
Formation of districts, townships and villages: Total area of Karen
State is 11,730.894 square-miles. There are 410 wards and village-tracts and
seven townships under Pa-an District, Kawkareik
District and Myawady District. The capital of Karen State is Pa-an.
NATIONAL
LEAGUE FOR DEMOCRACY (NLD)
v
Name:
U Saw Tun Lwin
Constituency: Hlaingbwe (2)
(Eligible Voters – 26,312; Votes Cast – 13,003; Valid Votes – 10,674; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1 December 1917
Place of Birth: Htaw Shwal Village
Parents: U Hte Maung and Daw Phone Shwe
The Election Commission announced on 5 March 1997 that U Saw Tun Lwin had
resigned as an MP. It is understood that the SLORC used intimidation to force
him to resign. U Saw Tun Lwin received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Judson
College in Rangoon in 1941 and worked as a civil servant until 1972. He
received the Wana Kyaw Htin award from the government in 1962 for his
services. In 1978 he started working as a lawyer, after working as the Officer
In Charge of Judicial Affairs in
v
Name:
U Mahn Myaing Aye
Constituency: Kawkareik (1)
(Eligible Voters – 30,972; Votes Cast – 22,192;
Valid Votes – 18,968; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 7 February 1937
Father: U Kyar Pwint
After the 1988 uprising, U Mahn Myaing Aye became a member of the Central
Executive Committee of the National League for Democracy (NLD). In July 1991 the SLORC charged him under the 1950 Emergency Provision Act, Article 5(j), and he was sent to
prison. The Election Commission also dismissed him as an MP on 25 November
1991. U Mahn Myaing Aye was released from Moulmein Prison on 27 May 1992. Prior
to the military coup on 2 March 1962, U Mahn Myaing Aye was the Minister for
Health and Education. In 1963 the military authorities detained him for four
years and five months. He was educated at Moulmein Inter College and has a
Diploma of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science. He worked as a veterinary
surgeon in the government service for 30 years, and retired as the deputy in
charge of the Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Department in Rangoon. (Election
Commission Announcement No. 978 of 25 November 1991 states that “ the following candidate was convicted for committing an
offence shown against him and was sentenced by the court concerned “ and thus “
has no right to continue to be Hluttaw representative and … has been declared
as disqualified for his infringement of the Pyithu Hluttaw Election Law “: U
Mahn Myaing Aye convicted under 1950 Emergency Provisions Act, Section 5 (j).
WPD_26/11/91) U Mahn Myaing Aye received 13,379 valid votes as 71 % in the 1990
elections.
v
Name: U
Kyin Thein
Constituency: Kya-in-Seikkyi (2)
(Eligible Voters – 11,157; Votes Cast – 4,424;
Valid Votes – 3,563; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1948
Place of Birth: Ye, Mon State
Father: U Par O
U Kyin Thein was released on 10-9-2001 after being sentenced to seven years
imprisonment under Article 5 (j) of the 1950
Emergency Provision Act. Prior to his arrest he was the chairman of
Kya-in-Seikkyi Township National League for Democracy (NLD) and in charge of
the Karen State Organising Committee. He attended the SLORC’s National
Convention and was a part of the NLD boycott in December 1995. He led student demonstrations against the
BSPP government in 1975 at Moulmein College and was subsequently arrested and
from March to September 1976 was detained in Moulmein Prison as a political
prisoner. U Kyin Thein has a degree in Geography and worked as a Kya-in-Seikkyi
Township council member in 1985 and a part time member of the township jury.
During the August 1988 uprising he was studying the BSPP’s basic political
training at the Central Institute of Political Science in Rangoon. He returned
to Kya-in-Seikkyi and joined in the demonstrations and afterwards was dismissed
from his job as an assistant librarian at the Television and Radio Broadcasting
Department. U Kyin Thein received 2,398 valid votes as 67 % in the 1990
elections.
v
Name:
U Sein Bo
Constituency: Myawaddy
(Eligible Voters – 8,882; Votes Cast – 6,461;
Valid Votes – 5,645; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 15 March 1947
Place of Birth: Ye Oo Kone Village, Tanse
Parents:U Phoe Thant and Daw Chit Mae
U Sein Bo joined the National League for Democracy (NLD) after the August 1988
uprising. He worked as a telegraphic clerk from 1965-1966 and then as a tractor
mechanic. He passed tenth standard in 1969 and later received a Bachelor of
Veterinary Science degree. U Sein Bo received 4,783 valid votes as 76 % in the
1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Saw Chit Than
Constituency: Pa-an (1)
(Eligible Voters – 56,084; Votes Cast – 30,566; Valid Votes – 25,489; Number of Candidates –
5)
Date of Birth: 17 February 1926
Place of Birth: Tha Ton
Parent: U Tun Lin and Daw Hla Shwe
After the 1988 democracy uprising, U Saw Chit Than joined the National League
for Democracy (NLD). U Saw Chit Than was arrested on
v
Name:
U Tun Chit
Constituency: Pa-an (2)
(Eligible Voters – 54,177; Votes Cast – 34,507;
Valid Votes – 29,616; Number of Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 10 November 1948
Place of Birth: Hton Ai Village, Pa-An
Parents:U Htwe and Daw Konma
U Tun Chit received a Government Technical Institute diploma in 1972. U Tun
Chit received 17,544 valid votes as 59 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: Daw
Nan Khin Htwe Myint
Constituency: Pa-an (3)
(Eligible Voters – 52,590; Votes Cast – 29,737; Valid Votes – 24,983; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 10 May 1954
Parents: Dr. Saw Hla Tun and Daw Ahmar
Daw Nan Khin Htwe Myint was arrested on 10 February 1998 while on her way to
Rangoon to attend celebrations for the 51st Anniversary of Union Day. Military
Intelligence Service officers from Unit 25 based in Pa-an detained her at
Thaton station. The intelligence officers had followed her since she left her
home, and when she arrived at Thaton station the officers searched her bag and
returned it to her with some belongings missing. An argument ensued and the
officers arrested her on the grounds that she had obstructed the officers in
their duties. She was tried and convicted the following day under Penal Code Article 353 and sentenced to
two years imprisonment by the Thaton court. Her family knew nothing of what had
happened to her until they heard that she was in prison. She was not allowed to
hire a lawyer to represent her nor call any witnesses to testify in court.
According to the NLD, her arrest had been set-up since she had previously had a
heated argument with Major Khin Maung Kyi who was the commander of the
intelligence unit that arrested her. Daw Nan Khin Htwe Myint is the daughter of
Dr. Saw Hla Tun, a former Prime Minister of Karen State. The BSPP government
imprisoned her in 1975 because of her participation in the June students’
demonstration at Rangoon University. At the time she was a second year student
at the Rangoon Institute of Economics. She was released from prison in 1978.
After the 1988 uprising, Daw Nan Khin Htwe Myint left the Department of
Domestic Revenue where she was working and began to work full time for the
National League for Democracy (NLD). In June 1992, she attended a pre-National
Convention meeting organised by the SLORC as a representative of the NLD. Daw
Nan Khin Htwe Myint received 18,423 valid votes as 74 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U
Aung Than
Constituency: Papun (1)
(Eligible Voters – 7,840; Votes Cast – 4,554; Valid Votes – 4,129; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 21 August 1939
Parents:U Hlaing and Daw Hla Tin
U Aung Than is a member of the Karen State National League for Democracy (NLD)
Organising Committee. After he passed ninth standard, U Aung Than
worked as a teacher at
v
Name:
U Ba Aye
Constituency: Papun (2)
(Eligible Voters – 2,210; Votes Cast – 897; Valid Votes – 825; Number of
Candidates – 2)
Date of Birth: 1946
Father: U Kyi Yin
U Ba Aye studied two years of an Arts degree and then worked as a primary
school teacher from 1965-1975. He later became a member the Burma Socialist
Programme Party, Papun Township Party Unit. U Ba Aye received 516 valid votes
as 63 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Saw Victor Clyde
Constituency: Thandaung (2)
(Eligible Voters – 11,369; Votes Cast – 6,383;
Valid Votes – 5,605; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 1948
Place of Birth: Thandaung
Father: U Saw Clyde Tun Win
The SLORC arrested U Saw Victor Clyde in July 1991 and charged him under the 1950 Emergency Provision Act, Article 5
(j). The Election Commission later dismissed him as an MP on 25 November 1991
and he was released from prison on 27 May 1992. After completing a teacher
training course in 1968, U Saw Victor Clyde worked as a primary school teacher
and principal until 1985. (Election Commission Announcement No. 978 of 25
November 1991 states that “ the following candidate
was convicted for committing an offence shown against him and was sentenced by
the court concerned “ and thus “ have no right to continue be Hluttaw
representatives and … has been declared as disqualified for his infringement of
the Pyithu Hluttaw Election Law “: U Saw Victor Clyde convicted under 1950
Emergency Provisions Act, Section 5 (j). WPD_26/11/91) U Saw Victor Clyde
received 3,798 valid votes as 68 % in the 1990 elections.
DEMOCRATIC
ORGANIZATION FOR KAYAN NATIONAL UNITY (DOKNU)
v
Name:
U R. P. Thaung
Constituency: Thandaung (1)
(Eligible Voters – 15,507; Votes Cast – 9,736;
Valid Votes – 8,554; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 24 October 1922
Father: U Ni Se Thaung
U R. P. Thaung is the patron of Democratic Organization for Kayan National
Unity (DOKNU) as well as a member of the presidium of the United Nationalities
League for Democracy (UNLD). He was arrested in February 1991 and the SLORC
accused him of having contact with the United States Embassy in Rangoon. He was
charged under the 1950 Emergency
Provision Act Article 5 (j) for refusing to sign the SLORC’s order 1/90,
and was sentenced to five years imprisonment in March 1991. The Election Commission dismissed him as a Member of Parliament on
27 December 1991. He was released from Insein Special Prison in December 1994.
U R. P. Thaung studied at Rangoon University and received a People’s
Administration Arts degree from Manila University. He was a radio operator in
the US army and was involved in Burma Defense Army (BDA) revolt against
Japanese forces in March 1945 in Insein District, Rangoon. For 30 years he
served as a township and district mayor, and then as the deputy staff officer
of Rangoon Division People’s Council. U R P Thaung received 3,764 valid votes
as 44 % in the 1990 elections.
KAREN
STATE NATIONAL ORGANIZATION (KSNO)
v
Name:
U Saw Tun Pe
Constituency: Hlaingbwe (1)
(Eligible Voters – 28,735; Votes Cast – 12,901; Valid Votes – 10,190; Number of Candidates –
4)
Date of Birth: December 1917
Place of Birth: Kyat Phogyi Village, Fruso
Father: U Saw Khun Su
U Saw Tun Pe became an independent MP after the Election Commission banned the
Karen State National Organization (KSNO) on 27 November 1991. U Saw Tun Pe
received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1941 and a Bachelor of Law degree from Rangoon University in
1959. From 1948-1971 he worked as a township and district mayor and as a registration officer. He then
served as the secretary of the Karen State Administration Committee. U Saw Tun Pe received 5,142 valid
votes as 50 % in the 1990 elections.
MON
NATIONAL DEMOCRATIC FRONT (MNDF)
v
Name:
Nai Thaung Shein
Constituency: Kawkareik (2)
(Eligible Voters – 34,854; Votes Cast – 24,475;
Valid Votes – 21,402; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 9 October 1947
Place of Birth: Thayattaw Village
Father: U Nai Kyaw
Nai Thaung Shein passed tenth standard in 1968 and worked as a teacher at Kanny
State Middle School from 1969-1974.He was fled to Thai-Burma border in December
1998 because of the severe repression imposed on MPs and other party members.He
was able to escape despite heavy surveillance of party members and activities
by the Burmese Military Intelligence Service (MIS).He currently lives in
Netherlands. U Naing Thaung Shein received 10,444 valid votes as 49 % in the
1990 elections.
PATRIOTIC
OLD COMRADES LEAGUE (POCL)
v
Name:
Lt-Col U Hla Maung (Retired)
Constituency: Kya-in-Seikkyi (1)
(Eligible Voters – 11,265; Votes Cast – 3,879;
Valid Votes – 2,861; Number of Candidates – 2)
Date of Birth: 26 July 1936
Place of Birth: Than Po Ward, Mergui
Parents:U Po Titt and Daw Ma Ma Gyi
Lt. Col. U Hla Maung became an independent after the SLORC banned the Patriotic
Old Comrades League (POCL) with
order 7/92 on 11 March 1992. He has attended the SLORC’s National Convention as
an independent delegate.U Hla Maung left school in 1954 while in tenth standard
to join the army. From 1971-1975 he was the administrative officer in charge of
the Central Military Command Headquarters. He was also involved in the three Moe Hein operations with Light Infantry
Battalion 65 to remove opium in Shan State. From 1979-1984, he served as an
army commander. Lt-Col Hla Maung received 2,054 valid votes as 72 % in the 1990
elections.
Chin State |
Location: Chin State is located in the west of Burma. It lies between
North Latitude 21°0'and 24°15'and East Longitude between 93°15' and 94°0'.
India is to its north and west; Arakan State, to its south; Sagaing and Magwe
Division are to its east. It has an area of 13,907 sq miles.
Climate: Chin State has a mild hot, wet climate. April and May are
the hottest months of the year. Average temperatures of the months range from
60°F (15.5 Degrees Centigrade) to 70°F (21 Degrees Centigrade). Average
temperature in the cold season is below 40°F (4.4 Degrees Centigrade). In the
cold season, temperatures fall as low as freezing point of water in the higher
parts of towns like Haka, Foshaik and Kanpetlet.
Average annual rainfall is 80-100 inches. The southern part of Chin State gets
more rain due to the storms that come from Bay of Begal.
Inhabitants, religions and languages: The population of Chin State
is 465,361. Population density is 32 persons per square mile. A large majority
of the people are Chins. Mros (Mago), Khamis and Bamars form significant parts
in southern and western parts of Chin State. Majority of the people are
Christians. There are Buddhists too. Because Chin State is hilly and acess is
difficult, there is a slight difference in languages spoken in one region and
another.
Organization of districts, townships and village-tracts: There are
505 wards/village-tracts, nine townships and
two districts-Mindat and Falam in Chin State. Haka is the capital of Chin
State.
NATIONAL
LEAGUE FOR DEMOCRACY (NLD)
v
Name:
U Shwe Htan
Constituency: Matupi (2)
(Eligible Voters – 12,234; Votes Cast – 9,753;
Valid Votes – 9,298; Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 4 September 1947
Place of Birth: Matupi
Parents: U Si Tone and Daw Htwe Yin
U Shwe Htan worked as a headmaster before joining the National League for
Democracy (NLD) in November 1989. He was the headmaster of a primary school
from 1967-1973 and then as a middle school teacher from 1973-1985, and attended
the BSPP’s basic political training course in 1986. In 1984, he gained two
degrees, a Bachelor of Law and a Bachelor of Education. He also worked as a
central executive member of the Matupi Township Council from 1981-1985. U Shwe
Htan received 4,417 valid votes as 48 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Kyaw Tun
Constituency: Paletwa (1)
(Eligible Voters – 19,345; Votes Cast – 11,451; Valid Votes – 10,374; Number of Candidates –
4)
Date of Birth: 14 October 1945
Place of Birth: Htwe Ponewa Village, Plaetwa
Father: U Line Phar
U Kyaw Tun is the chairman of Plaetwa Township NLD as well as a member of the
Chin State NLD Organising Committee. He passed his high school final at Rangoon
National High School and later started working for the Food and General Goods
Corporation. He was the secretary of the Plaetwa Regional Security Council in
1972, and from 1974-1984 was the secretary and then chairman of the Plaetwa
Township Council. U Kyaw Tun received 3,961 valid votes as 38 % in the 1990
elections.
v
Name:
U Htwe Aung
Constituency: Paletwa (2)
(Eligible Voters – 18,828; Votes Cast – 9,466; Valid Votes – 8,707; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Place of Birth: Palon Chaung Village, Paletwa
Father: U Khin Tali
U Htwe Aung studied at the Institute of Development of Nationalities in Sagaing
from 1964-1967. He has worked as a primary and middle school teacher and as a
principal, and was the secretary of the Plaetwa Township People’s Council from
1978-1979. U Htwe Aung received 2,732 valid votes as 31 % in the 1990
elections.
v
Name:
U Ngin Thang
Constituency: Tiddim (1)
(Eligible Voters – 18,651; Votes Cast – 13,831;
Valid Votes – 13,137; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1 March 1944
Parents: U Byel Pone and Daw Kyint Lwin
The Election Commission announced on 30 September 1996 that U Ngin Thang had
submitted his resignation as an MP. It is understood the authorities used
intimidation to force him to resign. He had previously attended the National
Convention and was part of the NLD boycott on 28 December 1995. U Ngin Thang
received a Law degree in 1984 while working as a staff officer clerk at the
Tunzan Township Justice Office. He resigned from the job in 1988 and became the
head of the Tiddim Township NLD Organising Committee. U Ngin Thang received
5,716 valid votes as 44 % in the 1990 elections.
CHIN
NATIONAL LEAGUE FOR DEMOCRACY (CNLD)
v
Name:
U C. K. Taikwell
Constituency: Falam (1)
(Eligible Voters – 12,531; Votes Cast – 9,928;
Valid Votes – 9,511; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 20 September 1929
Father: Major Taikwell
U C.K. Taikwell was the patron of the Chin National League for Democracy (CNLD) which the SLORC banned on 18 March
1992 by order 8/92. As a result of
the ban, U C. K. Taikwell became an independent MP. He studied in the United
States from 1948-1954 and then worked for the Burma Electric Power Corporation
for 35 years. He has a Bachelor of Science degree and a Masters degree. U C.K. Taikwell received 6,127 valid
votes as 65 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
Dr. Zahle Tang
Constituency: Falam (2)
(Eligible Voters – 12,501; Votes Cast – 9,899;
Valid Votes – 9,454; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 6 April 1944
Place of Birth: Klaymon Village, Falam
Parents: U Ha Yan Shin and Daw Kaw Lyan Swle
Dr. Zahle Tang is currently the Chairman of the Chin National League for Democracy
(CNLD) and in July 1997 was appointed Health and Education Minister of the
NCGUB. He fled Burma after the SLORC accused him of breaking the 1962 Printers and Publishers Registration
Act, Article 20. Dr. Zahle Tang fled to India and the SLORC later declared
him a fugitive. The Election Commission dismissed him as an MP on 22 February
1991. Dr. Zahle Tang joined the NCGUB in
1995 and was later appointed Minister of Social Welfare and Development. He
received a medical degree at Rangoon Medical College in 1977 and operated a
clinic in Kalay, Sagaing Division.
(Election Commission Announcement No. 914 of
v
Name: U
Shein Pe Ling
Constituency: Mindat
(Eligible Voters – 17,479; Votes Cast – 14,242;
Valid Votes – 13,167; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 10 December 1939
Parents: U Nein Shein Pe and Daw Tan Li Shu
U Shein Pe Ling was the first chairman of the Chin National League for
Democracy (CNLD) and later served as its patron. He became an independent MP
after the SLORC banned the CNLD on in 1992. U Shein Pe Ling studied at Mindat
High School, and from 1960-1984 worked as a teacher and headmaster, and as a
trainer at the Institute of Development of Nationalities in Sagaing. U Shein Pe
Ling received 5,542 valid votes as 42 % in the 1990 elections.
INDEPENDENTS
v
Name:
U Liam Uk
Constituency: Haka
(Eligible Voters – 19,528; Votes Cast – 14,995; Valid Votes – 13,907; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 4 January 1937
Father: U Hmong Naw
The Election Commission dismissed U Liam Uk as an MP on 20 December 1991 and he
currently lives in the United States. In 1990 the SLORC declared him a fugitive
after he violated bail conditions following his arrest under the 1950 Emergency Provision Act Articles
5(a), (d) and (j), and Penal Code
Article 512. U Liam Uk worked as a
higher grade pleader from 1969-1970 and also as a High Court advocate from
1971-1990. He has a Bachelor of Arts (Law) degree and a Bachelor of Law degree
from Rangoon University, and from 1959-1963 he was the headmaster at Paletwa
State Middle School, Chin State. (U Liam Uk has been declared absconder by
township court: “ absconded while he was on trial at
the
v
Name:
Dr. Hmu Thang
Constituency: Thantlang
(Eligible Voters – 25,604; Votes Cast – 20,255;
Valid Votes – 19,258; Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 16 May 1948
Father: U Hae Thum
Dr. Hmu Thang was a member of the National League for Democracy (NLD) but decided
to run as an Independent in the 1990 elections. He was a member of the fifth
Party Congress of the BSPP and he served as a part-time member of the 1986 Chin
State Council. He is also a member of the SLORC’s National Convention. He
gained a medical degree in 1973 and served as an assistant doctor at Toonzan
and Falam Hospitals. He retired in November 1989 after working as a doctor at
Thantlang for eight years. Dr. Hmu Thang received 7,322 valid votes as 38 % in
the 1990 elections.
MARA
PEOPLE’S PARTY (MPP)
v
Name:
U Yo Ok
Constituency: Matupi (1)
(Eligible Voters – 12,617; Votes Cast – 10,949; Valid Votes – 10,107; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Place of Birth: Tesi Village, Matupi
Parents: U Hla Swe and Daw Nayku
U Yo Ok was the general secretary of the Mara People’s Party (MPP) when the
SLORC banned the party with order 7/92 on 11 March 1992. He has a Bachelor of
Science degree majoring in Physics. U Yo Ok received 3,450 valid votes as 34 %
in the 1990 elections.
ZOMI
NATIONAL CONGRESS (ZNC)
v
Name:
U Fu Cin Shing Thang
Constituency: Tiddim (2)
(Eligible Voters – 18,180; Votes Cast – 13,674; Valid Votes – 13,021; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth:
Father: U Swum Harn
U Fu Cin Shing Thang was the chairman of the ZNC when the SLORC banned the
party on
v
Name:
U Tan Tang Lian Pau
Constituency: Tonzang
(Eligible Voters – 12,899; Votes Cast – 9,923; Valid Votes – 9,582; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 18 April 1960
Place of Birth: Panmwarl village, Tonzang
Parents: U Khard Khan Tang and Daw Nyaung Kyint
U Tan Tang Lian Pau was the general secretary of the Zomi National Congress
(ZNC) until December 1991. He gained a Bachelor of Science degree from Mandalay
University in 1984, and received a Masters of Science degree in 1988 from
Rangoon University. He became an independent MP after the SLORC banned the ZNC
in 1992. U Tan Tang Lian Pau received 3,483 valid votes as 36 % in the 1990
elections.
NATIONAL
UNITY PARTY (NUP)
v
Name:
U Ling Ha
Constituency: Kanpetlet
(Eligible Voters – 8,201; Votes Cast – 6,820; Valid Votes – 6,430; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 3 March 1945
Place of Birth: Yelaungpan Village, Kanpetlet
Parents: U Har Tan and Daw Ewe Oum
U Ling Ha attended Hsaw State High School in Magwe Division and completed high
school in 1970. He worked at the Kanpetlet BSPP Party Unit Office for three
years, and was also the secretary of the township BSPP Youth. From 1977-1988,
he was secretary and then chairman of the Kanpetlet BSPP Party Unit. U Ling Ha
received 2,361 valid votes as 37 % in the 1990 elections.
Sagaing Division |
Location: Sagaing
Division is situated in the north-western part of Burma between latitude 21°
30' north and longitude 94° 97' east. It shares border with India in the north
Kachin State, Shan State and Mandalay Division in the east Mandalay and Magwe
Divisions in the south and Chin State and India in the west and has 36,535
sq-miles.
Climate: Temperatures fall to
freezing pOil1t in winter on Pakkoi and Naga mountain ranges where coldness
remains in summer. Winter temperatures fall as low as 40
Degrees Fahrenheit (4.4 Degrees Celsius) in northern lowlands. The
southern region which lies in the dry zone has an extremely hot climate. In
Monywa, temperatures rise as high as 110. Degrees Fahrenheit (43.3 Degrees
Celsius) in summer and falls to 50 Degrees Fahrenheit (10 Degrees Celsius) in
the cold season. The northern regions get annual rain fall ranging from 80 to
100 inches and the southern region gets 40 inches. Average annual rain fall in
Monywa is 31 inches, Sagaing 34 inches and Shwebo 36 inches. Sometimes the
region gets a small amount of rain in winter due to cyclones that enter it from
the west.
Population, inhabitants, languages and religion: The estimated
population of Sagaing Division in 1996 was over five million. Average density
of the division is 139 persons per square mile. Population is dense in the
lower regions of Chindwin and Mu rivers where there are many plains and sparse
in mountail1ous north-west regions. Bamars are the majority of inhabitants in
the dry regions, Katha Township and the regions along Mandalay-Myitkyina
Railroad. Shans live in upper Chindwin valley, Kawlin, Wuntho and Pinlebu
townships. Nagas reside in the north of north-west mountain ranges and Chins in
the south. Kadu and Ganang national races can be found at upper Mu River valley
and Meza River Valley.
The estimated population of Sagaing Division in 1996 was over five million.
Average density of the division is 139 persons per square mile. Population is
dense in the lower regions of Chindwin and Mu
rivers where there are many plains and sparse in mountail1ous north-west
regions. Bamars are the majority of inhabitants in the dry regions, Katha
Township and the regions along Mandalay-Myitkyina Railroad. Shans live in upper
Chindwin valley, Kawlin, Wuntho and Pinlebu townships. Nagas reside in the
north of north-west mountain ranges and Chins in the south. Kadu and Ganang
national races can be found at upper Mu River valley and Meza River Valley.
Formation of districts, townships and villages: Sagaing Division is
formed with 198 wards and village-tracts, 38 townships and eight
districts-Sagaing, Shwebo, Monywa, Katha, Kale, Tamu, Mawlaik and Hkamti.
Sagaing is the capital of the division.
NATIONAL LEAGUE FOR DEMOCRACY (NLD)
v
Name:
Dr. Zaw Win
Constituency: Ayadaw (1)
Date of Birth:
Place of Birth: Shwebo
Parents: U Thein Maung and Daw Thaung Tin
The Election Commission announced on
v
Name:
U Bala
Constituency: Ayadaw (2)
Date of Birth:
Father: U Chit Tin
U Bala is a member of the Organising Committee of Ayadaw Township National
League for Democracy (NLD). He studied up to Ninth Standard and was Chairman of
Iron Market Committee in Lamataw Township during the 1988 uprising. He is also
the Secretary of the Ayadaw Township Association.
v
Name:
U Ba Nyein
Constituency: Banmauk
(Eligible Voters – 37,453; Votes Cast – 26,251;
Valid Votes – 22,979; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 22 June 1917
Place of Birth: Jothaung Village, Wuntho
Parents: U Don and Daw Mon
The Election Commission announced on 20 August 1997 that U Ba Nyein had
resigned as an MP. It is understood that the SLORC authorities intimidated him
into resigning. He studied until Seventh Standard at Banmauk Middle School and
was Secretary of the Banmauk Anti-Fascist People’s Freedom League (AFPFL) from
1947-1957. He also served as Treasurer of the Township Solidarity Organisation.
U Ba Nyein received 12,889 valid votes as 56 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Han Tha Myint
Constituency: Budalin (1)
Date of Birth: 7 May 1948
Parents: U Thein Pe Myint and Daw Khin Kyi Kyi
The Election Commission announced on
v
Name: U
Khin Maung Aye
Constituency: Budalin (2)
Date of Birth:
Father: U Thein
U Khin Maung Aye studied at both
v
Name:
U Aunt Kyi
Constituency: Chaung U
(Eligible Voters – 52,736; Votes Cast – 41,320;
Valid Votes – 36,367; Number of Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 10 December 1922
Father: U Aung Ba
U Aunt Kyi completed Tenth Standard and Teacher Training School. He was a
student leader in the 1938 strike and was also a member of the Dobama Asiayone (We Burma Association)
in Chaung U and worked in the Association’s head office in Rangoon. He was
awarded the Star of Independence (Second Class) for his efforts in bringing
independence to Burma. He was elected a Member of Parliament of the NUF in 1956 for Chaung U Township. U Aunt
Kyi received 26,107 valid votes as 72 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
Daw Hse Hse
Constituency: Hkamti
(Eligible Voters – 13,701; Votes Cast – 8,200;
Valid Votes – 7,145; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 10 March 1945
Place of Birth: Mandalay
Father: U Tay Naung
Daw Hse Hse was among the NLD representatives who boycotted the National
Convention on 28 December 1995. She completed high school at Mandalay Pwegon
Private School and since 1979 has worked as Secretary at the Hkamti Maternity
and Child Care Association. Daw Hse Hse received 3,332 valid votes as 47 % in
the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Ohn Kyaing
Constituency: Homalin (1)
(Eligible Voters – 33,390; Votes Cast – 23,765;
Valid Votes – 20,734; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 14 July 1934
Place of Birth: Mongkhan Village, Homalin
Father: U Thawa
U Ohn Kyaing completed Seventh Standard in 1953. From 1964-1983 he worked as a
primary school teacher in Leshi Township and as a Principal of Seinkhun Primary
School in Khantee Township, Sagaing Division. U Ohn Kyaing received 8,684 valid
votes as 42 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Hla Thein
Constituency: Homalin (2)
(Eligible Voters – 32,012; Votes Cast – 19,120; Valid Votes – 16,427; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 14 July 1934
Father: U Tha Wa
The SLORC briefly detained U Hla Thein in 1988 due to his participation in the
August uprising. He joined the BSPP in 1966 and served as the Chairman of
Khantee Township BSPP Party Unit in 1974. U Hla Thein resigned as Chairman in
1974 and sent a letter to BSPP headquarters which was critical of the party.
His resignation letter stated that there was a lack of democracy in the BSPP,
that it was too centralised and dictatorial, and that the party was out of
touch with public opinion. He was subsequently expelled from the BSPP. U Hla Thein passed high school in 1957 and
later worked as the headmaster of a middle school. U Hla Thein received 7,068
valid votes as 43 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Kyaw Win
Constituency: Htigyaing
(Eligible Voters – 46,214; Votes Cast – 38,045;
Valid Votes – 33,589; Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 20 October 1947
Place of Birth: Kanni Village
Parents: U Chit Swe and Daw Tin Kyi
The Election Commission announced on 8 May 1997 that U Kyaw Win had resigned as
an MP. It is understood that the SLORC authorities intimidated him into
resigning. U Kyaw Win studied at Mandalay University and received a Bachelor of
Science degree majoring in Chemistry. In 1972 he attended the Army Officer
Training School and received an award for bravery in 1975. He resigned from the
Army in 1980 and from 1982-1986 was Vice-Chairman of the Taungoo Township
Veteran Organisation. U Kyaw Win received 22,591 valid votes as 67 % in the
1990 elections.
v
Name: U
Saw Hlaing
Constituency: Indaw
(Eligible Voters – 50,067; Votes Cast – 39,945;
Valid Votes – 35,129; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 8 February 1956
Parents: U Nathanthee and Daw Yee
U Saw Hlaing was arrested and imprisoned after he attended a secret meeting on
29 September 1990 in Mandalay to form a provisional government. He was charged under Penal Code Article 122 (1) and was freed
from Insein Prison on
v
Name:
U Do Htaung
Constituency: Kale (1)
(Eligible Voters – 62,820; Votes Cast – 44,272;
Valid Votes – 40,599; Number of Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 1940
Place of Birth: Bo Kyone Village, Phlam
Parents: U Hlanon and Daw Htanman
U Do Htaung is currently under detention in Mandalay Prison. He was
arrested by the SLORC’s Military Intelligence at
v
Name:
Dr Thein Win
Constituency: Kale (2)
(Eligible Voters – 58,991; Votes Cast – 44,117;
Valid Votes – 40,307; Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 1952
Place of Birth: Monywa
Parents: U Bo and Daw Than Htike
Dr. Thein Win is the Chairman of Kale Township NLD.He received his medical
degree from Mandalay Medical Institute in 1978, and after completing his
medical internship he worked at the Tahan Township Co-operative Clinic, Chin
State, until 1988.Dr. Thein Win received 23,068 valid votes as 57 % in the 1990
elections.
v
Name:
U Tin Maung
Constituency: Kalewa
(Eligible Voters – 26,230; Votes Cast – 23,115; Valid Votes – 19,712;
Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 14 March 1933
Place of Birth: Kyolin Village, Leway
Father: U Than Kyaw
U Tin Maung was arrested for over one month for his involvement in the 1988
uprising. He passed Eighth Standard at
v
Name:
Dr. Myint Naing
Constituency: Kantbalu (2)
(Eligible Voters – 55,285; Votes Cast – 46,253; Valid Votes – 40,390; Number of Candidates –
7)
Date of Birth: 6 October 1951
Place of Birth: Shwe Bo
Parents: U Zaw and Daw Aye Yin
Dr. Myint Naing is currently under detention after being arrested for
attending a secret meeting held in September 1990 in Mandalay to form a
provisional government. He was sentenced to 25 years imprisonment under Penal Code Article 122 (1). The Election
Commission dismissed Dr. Myint Naing from Parliament by Declaration 995 on
v
Name:
U Khin Maung Than
Constituency: Kani (1)
(Eligible Voters – 30,501; Votes Cast – 23,751;
Valid Votes – 22,147; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 1 January 1945
Place of Birth: Letpansuu Village, Kani
Parents: U Nyunt and Daw Ohn Kyi
U Khin Maung Than was imprisoned for one and a half years for his involvement
in the 1969 South East Asian Games demonstration while he was studying at
Mandalay University. He received a Bachelor of Science degree majoring in
Mathematics in 1973 and worked as teacher in
v
Name:
U Thant Zin
Constituency: Kani (2)
(Eligible Voters – 31,839; Votes Cast – 24,972; Valid Votes – 22,755; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 15 February 1940
Place of Birth: Mawlaik
Father: U Ba Sein
U Thant Zin studied at Mawlaik High School and graduated from Mandalay
University with a degree in Agriculture. From 1967-1981 he worked as the Kani
Township Manager of the Farm and Agriculture Corporation. U Thant Zin received
18,781 valid votes as 83 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Myint Kyi
Constituency: Katha
(Eligible Voters – 59,103; Votes Cast – 42,719;
Valid Votes – 36,538; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 25 October 1950
Place of Birth: Katha
Parents: U Tin Aung and Daw Chit
U Myint Kyi was arrested for attending a secret meeting in Mandalay in 1990 to
form a provisional government. He was imprisoned under Penal Code Article 122 (1) and was released from Insein Prison on
v
Name:
U Thein San
Constituency: Kawlin
(Eligible Voters – 60,907; Votes Cast – 46,519;
Valid Votes – 41,023; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 18 August 1946
Place of Birth: Kawlin
Father: U Ba Thin
U Thein San studied at Kawlin High School and was expelled from Rangoon
University while studying a Bachelor of Arts degree due to his involvement in a
demonstration in 1966. He worked as Middle School Teacher at
v
Name:
U Khin Maung Thein
Constituency: Khin U (1)
(Eligible Voters – 35,924; Votes Cast – 26,580;
Valid Votes – 22,642; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 3 December 1940
Place of Birth: Khin U
Father: U Phone Maw
U Khin Maung Thein was arrested for attending a secret meeting held in Mandalay
in 1990 to form a provisional government.
He was tried and sentenced under Penal
Code Article 122 (1) and was released from Insein Prison on
v
Name:
U Thaung Myint
Constituency: Khin U (2)
(Eligible Voters – 35,512; Votes Cast – 27,892; Valid Votes – 23,711; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 1 April 1949
Place of Birth: Painzlote
Father: U Bo K
U Thaung Myint was arrested for attending a meeting in Mandalay in 1990 at the
residence of U Ba Bwa to form a provisional government. He was tried and
sentenced under Penal Code Article
122 (1) and was released from Insein Prison on
v
Name:
U Kyee Maung
Constituency: Kyunhla
(Eligible Voters – 32,647; Votes Cast – 26,627;
Valid Votes – 24,012; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 29 September 1938
Place of Birth: Yamethin
Parents: U Tun Khaing and Daw Ya
The Election Commission announced on 18 July 1996 that U Kyee Maung had
resigned as an MP. It is understood that the SLORC authorities intimidated him
into resigning. U Kyee Maung passed Tenth Standard from
v
Name:
U Tin Maung Win
Constituency: Mawlaik
(Eligible Voters – 22,327; Votes Cast – 19,230;
Valid Votes – 17,663; Number of Candidates – 2)
Date of Birth: 21 February 1955
Place of Birth: Kintark
Parents: U Nyo Oo and Daw Than Kyi
U Tin Maung Win studied at Kintark Middle School and Mawlaik High School. He
worked as a Clerk at the Mawlaik Township Trade Co-operative from 1975-1980 and
ran a private electronic repair shop from 1980-1990. U Tin Maung Win received
11,249 valid votes as 64 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Bo
Constituency: Mingin
(Eligible Voters – 47,015; Votes Cast – 38,294; Valid Votes – 33,296; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 8 July 1927
Place of Birth: Inbinhla Village, Mingin
Parents: U Po Ohn and Daw Sein
U Bo is Treasurer of the Mingin Township NLD. When the Japanese occupied
v
Name:
U Kyi Soe
Constituency: Monywa (1)
(Eligible Voters – 82,559; Votes Cast – 65,476;
Valid Votes – 61,225; Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 14 March 1935
Father: U Han
U Kyi Soe received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1958 and joined the Army the
following year. He resigned from the Army while he was Deputy Commander of
Infantry Battalion (94) and received the second highest percentage of votes
among all candidates in the election. U Kyi Soe received 49,556 valid votes as
81 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Saw Aung
Constituency: Monywa (2)
(Eligible Voters – 81,434; Votes Cast – 64,205;
Valid Votes – 60,695; Number of Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 9 May 1935
Place of Birth: Shwepan Village, Myaung
Father: U Aung Chate
U Saw Aung boycotted the National Convention in December 1995 along with other
NLD representatives. He gained a Bachelor of Science degree from
v
Name:
U Min Thwin
Constituency: Myaung (2)
(Eligible Voters – 33,485; Votes Cast – 26,741; Valid Votes – 24,205; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 1925
Place of Birth: Phalon Village, Taikkyi
Parents: U Pu and Daw Tote
U Min Thwin is the Vice-Chairman of Sagaing Division NLD. He joined the NLD
after he participated in the 1988 uprising in Wuntho. He completed Sixth
Standard at
v
Name:
U Bar Bar
Constituency: Myinmu (1)
(Eligible Voters – 29,892; Votes Cast – 24,679;
Valid Votes – 22,545; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 12 March 1932
Father: U Hoke Sein
U Bar Bar was among the NLD representatives who boycotted the National
Convention in December 1995. He gained a Bachelor of Arts degree from
v
Name:
U Tin Ngwe
Constituency: Myinmu (2)
(Eligible Voters – 30,935; Votes Cast – 24,653; Valid Votes – 22,398; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth:
Place of Birth: Ywathaung
Parents: U Po Soe and Daw Myin
U Tin Ngwe is the
v
Name:
U Chit Khaing
Constituency: Ngazun (1)
(Eligible Voters – 39,852; Votes Cast – 28,600; Valid Votes – 24,881; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 4 April 1930
Father: U Aung Kha
The Election Commission announced on 27 August 1996 that U Chit Khaing had
resigned as an MP. It is understood that the SLORC authorities intimidated him
into resigning. U Chit Khaing has worked as an NLD organiser for
v
Name:
U Cho Hlaing
Constituency: Ngazun (2)
(Eligible Voters – 40,271; Votes Cast – 30,722;
Valid Votes – 25,676; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 10 April 1961
Place of Birth: Ngazun
Parents: U Mya Than
The SLORC arrested U Cho Hlaing under the 1950
Emergency Provision Act, Article
5 (j) on 16 January 1991, and released on 25 April 1992. He gained a Bachelor
of Science degree in Chemistry in 1987 and is an NLD organiser for
v
Name:
U Than Sein (U Than)
Constituency: Pale (1)
(Eligible Voters – 34,071; Votes Cast – 26,498;
Valid Votes – 23,045; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 16 April 1950
Place of Birth: Kokkosu Village
Parents: U Ba Htwe and Daw Hmone
U Than Sein is currently in exile in India. The Election Commission dismissed U
Than Sein from Parliament on
v
Name:
Dr Tint Swe
Constituency: Pale (2)
(Eligible Voters – 33,195; Votes Cast – 24,264; Valid Votes – 20,759; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 8 August 1948
Place of Birth: Min Village, Pale
Parents: U Ba Cho,Daw Khin Khin
Dr Tint Swe is in exile in India and is the NCGUB’s Minister for South Asia
Affairs. He is also a Central Executive Committee of the NLD-LA. The Election
Commission dismissed him as an MP on
v
Name:
U Aung Thaung
Constituency: Phaungpyin
(Eligible Voters – 37,956; Votes Cast – 33,566; Valid Votes – 28,841; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 23 November 1955
Place of Birth: Phaungpyin
Parents: U Kan Tint
U Aung Thaung was among the NLD representatives who walked out of the SLORC’s
National Convention in December 1995. He is now an NLD township organiser. He
studied at
v
Name:
U Mya Aye (Bamaw Shwe Nyo)
Constituency: Pinlebu
(Eligible Voters – 47,980; Votes Cast – 39,776; Valid Votes – 35,075; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1930
Place of Birth: Naungkho Village, Bhamo
Parents: U San Ya and Daw Lay
U Mya Aye voluntarily resigned from the NLD in April 1992. He started writing
novels, poems and articles in 1954 under the pen name of Bamaw Shwe Nyo. He was
an education officer from 1954-1960 and a middle school teacher at Wuntho from
1960-1966. After he completed the BSPP’s Basic Political Training Course in
1966, he became a Wuntho Township BSPP Party Unit organiser. He was also an
assistant lecturer at the Central Institute of Political Science in 1967. U Mya Aye was Chairman of the Sanchaung
Township People’s Justice Council, but in September 1976 he was discharged from
the position and expelled from the BSPP after he dismissed a case of six
workers involved in the 1974 labour strike. U Mya Aye then worked as a teacher.
U Mya Aye received 25,497 valid votes as 73 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
Col Thiha Thuya Soe Thein (Retired)
Constituency: Sagaing (1)
(Eligible Voters – 71,844; Votes Cast – 58,103;
Valid Votes – 52,772; Number of Candidates – 8)
Date of Birth: 19 June 1927
Place of Birth: Sagaing
Father: U Zay Yar
Col. Thiha Thuya Soe Thein was a Central Committee member of the Patriotic Old
Comrades League (POCL) before the SLORC banned the party. The SLORC arrested
him on
v
Name:
Dr. Khin Maung Swe
Constituency: Sagaing (2)
(Eligible Voters – 77,887; Votes Cast – 62,961; Valid Votes – 57,674; Number of
Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 1953
Father: U Tun Pe
Dr Khin Maung Swe boycotted the National Convention on 28 December 1995 along
with other NLD representatives. He gained a medical degree from the Rangoon
Institute of Medicine and from 1981-1985 was the organiser and Treasurer of the
Mudon Township Burma Doctors Association. Dr. Khin Maung Swe received 41,523
valid votes as 72 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Khin Maung Kyi
Constituency: Salingyi (1)
(Eligible Voters – 34,866; Votes Cast – 25,263; Valid Votes – 23,512; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 15 September 1926
Place of Birth: Sathone Village, Salingyi
Father: U Ba Than
U Khin Maung Kyi was among the NLD representatives who boycotted the National
Convention on 28 December 1995 and was a member the Labour Department of the
NLD. He gained a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1951 and was a member of Rangoon
University Students’
v
Name:
U Sein Yan
Constituency: Salingyi (2)
(Eligible Voters – 32,356; Votes Cast – 24,513; Valid Votes – 21,421; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 7 March 1922
Place of Birth: Salingyi
Father: U Aung Boe
U Sein Yan received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1968 and a Diploma of
Education through correspondence in 1972. He worked as High School Teacher at
v
Name:
Dr. Aung Bo
Constituency: Shwebo (1)
(Eligible Voters – 67,433; Votes Cast – 54,321; Valid Votes – 50,613; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 7 May 1952
Place of Birth: Kyaukmyaung, Shwebo
Parents: U Thein Tan and Daw Thaung Thaung
The Election Commission announced on 7 June 1996 that Dr. Aung Bo had resigned
as an MP. It is understood that the SLORC authorities intimidated him into
resigning. Dr. Aung Bo received his medical degree from Mandalay Institute of
Medicine. Dr. Aung Bo received 31,270 valid votes as 62 % in the 1990
elections.
v
Name:
U Than Tun
Constituency: Shwebo (2)
(Eligible Voters – 68,208; Votes Cast – 57,097; Valid Votes – 53,231; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 11 February 1949
Place of Birth: Shwebo
Parents: U Ba Ohn and Daw Kyi
The Election Commission announced on 28 February 1992 that U Than Tun had
resigned as an MP. It is understood that the SLORC authorities intimidated him
into resigning. The SLORC arrested him in January 1992 and placed him in Shwebo
Prison. He was released on
v
Name:
U Bo Moung
Constituency: Tabayin (1)
(Eligible Voters – 33,332; Votes Cast – 25,118; Valid Votes – 23,819; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Place of Birth: Tabayin
Date of Birth: 1948
Parents: U Bo Shin and Daw Chan Phyu
In 1991, U Bo Moung was charged under Penal
Code Article 143 and sent to prison and has since been released. The
Election Commission dismissed him from Parliament in accordance with
Declaration 984 on
v
Name:
U Win Myint Aung
Constituency: Tabayin (2)
(Eligible Voters – 36,528; Votes Cast – 27,099; Valid Votes – 24,746; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 1955
Father: U Bo Sein
U Win Myint Aung boycotted the National Convention in December 1995 along with
other NLD representatives. He received a Bachelor of Science degree majoring in
Botany from
v
Name:
Lt-Col Kyaw San (Retired)
Constituency: Taze (1)
(Eligible Voters – 39,720; Votes Cast – 28,921; Valid Votes – 23,970; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 17 June 1932
Place of Birth: Kyarmingyi Village, Sagaing
Parents: U Lar Mya and Daw Ohn Khin
Military Intelligence officers arrested Lt. Col. Kyaw San in January 1992 after
the Sagaing Division NLD released a statement supporting the decision to award
Daw Aung San Suu Kyi the 1991 Nobel Peace Prize. After he refused to withdraw
the statement, the authorities sentenced him to seven years imprisonment. He
was released from Insein Special Prison in February 1995, along with U Tin Oo
and U Kyi Maung, on the 50th anniversary of the founding of the
Burmese Army. The Election Commission dismissed him as an MP in 1994. Lt. Col. Kyaw San joined the Army in 1949 and
he retired as a Lieutenant-Colonel in January 1986. During the 1988 uprising he
was involved in the Army Veterans Association and was later a Central Committee
member of the now banned POCL. He is still under detention. Lt-Col Kyaw
San received 18,862 valid votes as 79 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Pe Than
Constituency: Taze (2)
(Eligible Voters – 40,555; Votes Cast – 29,560; Valid Votes – 24,742; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 12 March 1943
Place of Birth: Taze
Parents: U San Maung and Daw Aye Khin
U Pe Than graduated from Mandalay University and attended Mandalay Teacher
Training School from 1966-1968. He worked as a teacher at
v
Name:
U Tun Myaing
Constituency: Wetlet (1)
(Eligible Voters – 54,571; Votes Cast – 41,951; Valid Votes – 37,858; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 1 May 1949
Parents: U Chit Toak and Daw Mi
U Tun Myaing was among the NLD representatives who boycotted the National
Convention in December 1995. He received a Bachelor of Science degree majoring
in Mathematics from
v
Name:
Daw Khin San Hlaing
Constituency: Wetlet (2)
(Eligible Voters – 55,931; Votes Cast – 43,864; Valid Votes – 39,562;
Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 16 October 1956
Place of Birth: Wetlet
Parents: U Shwe Ba and Daw Lay
Daw Khin San Hlaing was arrested in April 1991 for participating in a secret
meeting in Mandalay in 1990 to form a provisional government. She was tried and sentenced under Penal Code Article 122 (1) and was
released from Insein Prison on 4 May 1992 in accordance with SLORC Declaration
No. 11/92 of 24 April 1992. The Election Commission dismissed her as an MP on
v
Name:
Dr. Aung Khin
Constituency: Wuntho
(Eligible Voters – 33,008; Votes Cast – 26,379; Valid Votes – 21,464; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 13 May 1952
Place of Birth: Kawlin
Parents: U Kyaw and Daw Myat
The Election Commission announced on 21 June 1996 that Dr. Aung Khin had
resigned as an MP. It is understood that the SLORC authorities intimidated him
into resigning. Dr. Aung Khin was among the NLD representatives who walked out
of the National Convention in December 1995. He completed his medical study at
Mandalay Institute of Medicine in 1981 and from 1982-1985 he worked at the
Chokethin Village Co-operative Clinic in
v
Name:
Dr. Htay Maung (aka U Than Aung Htay)
Constituency: Ye-U (1)
(Eligible Voters – 32,692; Votes Cast – 25,037; Valid Votes – 22,605; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 4 September 1942
Place of Birth: Chaung Yoe, Tantse
Parents: U Ba Yan and Daw Kyi May
Dr. Htay Maung is Chairman of Ye-U Township NLD and was among the NLD
representatives who boycotted the National Convention in December 1995. He
received a medical degree from the Mandalay Institute of Medicine in 1971 and
worked as the Doctor In Charge at the Ye-U Township Co-operative Clinic. Dr.
Htay Maung received 16,109 valid votes as 71 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Win Ko
Constituency: Ye-U (2)
(Eligible Voters – 32,752; Votes Cast – 26,241; Valid Votes – 24,540; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 11 April 1945
Place of Birth: Ye-U
Father: U Thiwa
U Win Ko was murdered in a hotel in Kunming, China on 28 February 1993.His body
was found on his bed at the Tea Garden Hotel by Chinese authorities.He had been
stabbed twice in the chest and had his throat slashed.There was no sign of a
struggle.His belongings including US$800 were found undisturbed.Only his
Burmese passport was missing. U Win Ko had been sent on a mission to Kachin
State in 1992 to organize the democratic opposition in northern Burma against
the ruling SLORC.Most observers suspect the murder was politically motivated.It
is known that Colonel Ye Myint, Deputy Commander Northeastern Military Region,
Lieut-Col Than Tin from the Military Attache’s office in Beijing, Lieut-Col
Kyaw Thein from Military Intelligence headquarters in Rangoon and a Major Tin
Yu, met in Muse in January 93 with senior Chinese military officials.He was
assassinated at a hotel on his way back to Manerplaw camp after visiting in
northern Burma. Prior to his death he was a Central Committee member of the
NLD-LA, and on
v
Name:
U Bo Thaung
Constituency: Yinmabin (1)
(Eligible Voters – 31,513; Votes Cast – 23,399; Valid Votes – 20,876; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 31 July 1947
Place of Birth: Chaung U
Parents: U Yan and Daw Gyi
U Bo Thaung joined the NLD after the 1988 uprising, and in 1992 he left for
India to join the NCGUB. He was selected as a Central Executive Committee
member of the NLD-LA in November 1996. U Bo Thaung studied at
v
Name:
U Tin Tun Aung
Constituency: Yinmabin (2)
(Eligible Voters – 31,162; Votes Cast – 24,424; Valid Votes – 21,278; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1 May 1937
Place of Birth: Daikoo
Parents: U Tin and Daw Thein Tin
U Tin Tun Aung worked at the New Light of
Myanmar newspaper, and as an Editor at the Burmese Broadcasting Service for
30 years. He gained a Bachelor of Arts degree from
INDEPENDENTS
v
Name:
U Thein Pe
Constituency: Kantbalu (1)
(Eligible Voters – 55,029; Votes Cast – 42,683; Valid Votes – 36,681; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 5 January 1940
Place of Birth: Homalin
Father: U Ba Thin
U Thein Pe was arrested by the SLORC for participating in a meeting in
September 1990 in Mandalay to form a provisional government. He was charged under Penal
Code Article 122(b) in May 1991 and sent to Insein Prison for one year. The
Election Commission subsequently dismissed him as an MP on
v
Name:
U Win Shein
Constituency: Myaung (1)
(Eligible Voters – 33,415; Votes Cast – 26,885; Valid Votes – 24,747; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 25 February 1948
Parents: U Than Pe and Daw Kyi Win
U Win Shein was Myaung Township strike leader in 1988 and the township
organiser of the NLD from 1988-1989. He resigned from the NLD on
v
Name:
U Khapo Kailon
Constituency: Lahe
(Eligible Voters – 8,847; Votes Cast – 5,511; Valid Votes – 4,678; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 16 August 1933
Father: U Par Non
The SLORC abolished the Naga Hills Regional Progressive Party (NHRPP) on 18
March 1992 and U Khapo Kailon, who was party Chairman at the time, subsequently
became an independent MP. U Khapo Kailon completed Seventh Standard at
v
Name:
U Dwe Pawt
Constituency: Leshi
(Eligible Voters – 5,572; Votes Cast – 4,951; Valid Votes – 4,724; Number of
Candidates – 2)
Date of Birth: 1947
Place of Birth: Sommara Village
Father: U Tar Lai Pawt
After the SLORC abolished the NHRPP in 1992, U Dwe Pawt became an independent
MP. He studied at
UNITED
NATIONALITIES LEAGUE FOR DEMOCRACY (UNLD)
v
Name:
U Htaung Kho Htan
Constituency: Tamu
(Eligible Voters – 37,680; Votes Cast – 28,783; Valid Votes – 25,281; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 5 July 1951
Place of Birth: Sankart Village, Tamu
Parents: U Yan Kho Lun and Daw Hlaing Kho Kyin
The SLORC banned the UNLD on 11 March 1992 by Declaration No. 7/92, and U
Htaung Kho Htan subsequently became an independent MP. He was the
General-Secretary of the Hill Tribe Democratic Party which was banned along
with the UNLD. U Htaung Kho Htan has a Bachelor of Arts degree from
NATIONAL
UNITY PARTY (NUP)
v
Name:
U Kyaw Maung
Constituency: Nanyun
(Eligible Voters – 6,466; Votes Cast – 1,782; Valid Votes – 1,544; Number of
Candidates – 2)
Date of Birth: 10 June 1948
Place of Birth: Donti Village, Nanyun
Father: U Kay Pu
U Kyaw Maung is the Nanyun Township organiser for the NUP. He studied at
Khamti, Tavoy and
Tenasserim Division |
Location: Bordering Mon State in the north and Thailand in the south and
east and facing Andaman Sea in the West, Tenasserim Division is situated
between latitudes 9°58' north and 15°16' north in the southernmost part of
Burma. The sea along Tenasserim coast is dotted with nearly 800 islands.
Islands in the south are called Mergui(Myeik) archipelago. The Division's area
is 16,735.5 square miles.
Topography and climate: As Tenasserim Division is located in the
eastern mountain range region, its landscape is mountainous. Generally,
mountains with nearly 3,000 feet in height run from north-west to south - east.
Some of the mountain ranges run into the sea and rise again as islands along
the coast. The 6,801 foot
Tenasserim Division has a tropical monsoon climate. The land which is located
nearest to the Equator in
Population, inhabitants, languages and
religion: As the
land is mountainous, it is a thinly populated area. Its total population is
over 1.2 million, with a population density of 64 persons per square mile.
Majority of the residents of the Division live along the coastal plains and
river valleys. Launglon and Mergui(Myeik) townships have the highest population
density. Tenasserim and Bokpyin townships have population density of only 14 to
15 persons per square mile. The inhabitants of the Division are Bamars, Karens,
Formation of districts, townships and
villages: Tenasserim
Division has three districts – Tavoy(Dawei),
Mergui(Myeik) and Kawthoung -- formed with ten townships and 328
village-tracts.
NATIONAL
LEAGUE FOR DEMOCRACY (NLD)
v
Name:
U Ohn Myint
Constituency: Bokepyin
(Eligible Voters – 18,137; Votes Cast – 7,064; Valid Votes – 6,251; Number of
Candidates – 2)
Date of Birth: 7 February 1934
Place of Birth: Bokepyin
Father: U Thein Tin
U Ohn Myint voluntarily resigned as an MP on 27 November 1991 because of health
reasons. From 1955-1971 U Ohn Myint worked as a teacher at a primary school in
v
Name:
U Hla Min
Constituency: Kawthaung
(Eligible Voters – 26,256; Votes Cast – 13,677; Valid Votes – 11,567; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Parents: U Aung Hlaing and Daw Aye Kyi
U Hla Min is currently under detention after being arrested at his home by
Military Intelligence Service officers on 19 November 1996. At the time he was
a member of the NLD Central Committee and chief organiser of Tenasserim
Division NLD. U Hla Min was charged under Article 5 (a) of the 1950 Emergency Provision Act and during
his trial he was not allowed to have any legal representation. He was sentenced
to seven years imprisonment. U Hla Min
graduated from
v
Name:
U Khin Maung Oo
Constituency: Kyunsu
(Eligible Voters – 46,686; Votes Cast – 19,680; Valid Votes – 16,696; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Place of Birth: Nyaung Oo, Mandalay Division
Date of Birth: 23 March 1925
Parents: U Ba Khin
U Khin Maung Oo is a member of Sanchaung Township NLD in Rangoon. He was a
Central Committee member of the now banned POCL and a former member of the Army
Veterans’ Association. He was in ninth standard at
v
Name:
U Hla Pe
Constituency: Launglon (1)
(Eligible Voters – 37,442; Votes Cast – 25,133; Valid Votes – 19,614; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 10 March 1929
Parents: U Nyunt
U Hla Pe is a member of the Central Executive Committee of the NLD. The
Election Commission dismissed him as an MP on
v
Name:
U Chain Hin
Constituency: Launglon (2)
(Eligible Voters – 33,723; Votes Cast – 22,759; Valid Votes – 18,015; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 22 January 1941
Place of Birth: Pyinchaung Village, Launglon
Parents: U Nyan Hlaing and Daw Kyin Phwar
U Chain Hin received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Rangoon University in 1965.
He joined the army’s
v
Name:
U Kyaw Shein
Constituency: Mergui (1)
Date of Birth:
Place of Birth: Myitnge ward, Mergui
Parents: U Kyin Maung and Daw Gin Wah
U Kyaw Shein completed a Bachelor of Engineering degree majoring in Civil
Engineering in 1974.
v
Name:
U Nyan Aye
Constituency: Mergui (2)
Date of Birth:
Place of Birth: Maoobin,
Parents: U Shein and Daw Kyaw Hlaing
U Nyan Aye studied at the Rangoon University of Economics in 1971, but before
he completed his studies he was arrested by the BSPP after taking part in the
demonstrations in June 1975. He was imprisoned on
v
Name:
U Kyi Shwe
Constituency: Palaw
(Eligible Voters – 44,726; Votes Cast – 28,745; Valid Votes – 24,965; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 7 March 1937
Place of Birth: Mali Village, Palaw Township, Tenasserim Division
Father: U Nyein
U Kyi Shwe was in tenth standard at Moulmein State High School when he left
school and to operate a boat transport business. U Kyi Shwe received 22,088
valid votes as 88 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Soe Nyunt
Constituency: Tavoy (1)
(Eligible Voters – 34,527; Votes Cast – 23,456; Valid Votes – 20,110; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth:
Place of Birth: Palaw
Parents: U Kyin Pe and Daw Su
U Soe Nyunt passed away on
v
Name:
U Myo Aung
Constituency: Tavoy (2)
(Eligible Voters – 34,766; Votes Cast – 23,677; Valid Votes – 20,656; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 20 March 1919
Place of Birth: Tavoy
Parents: U Ba O and Daw Saw Khin
The SLORC arrested and imprisoned U Myo Aung for his role in writing the Three
Ways to Attain Power (3 Strategies Paper), which was to be used as alternative in case the SLORC failed to
convene Parliament. U Myo Aung was released from Insein prison on
v
Name:
U Win Oo
Constituency: Tenasserim
(Eligible Voters – 24,303; Votes Cast – 11,776; Valid Votes – 9,559; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 30 October 1962
Place of Birth: Tenasserim
Parents: U Thein and Daw Than Shwe
U Win Oo attended Botataung State High School and graduated in Burmese from
Rangoon University in 1987. U Win Oo received 8,542 valid votes as 89 % in the
1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Tin Myint
Constituency: Thayetchaung
(Eligible Voters – 33,182; Votes Cast – 21,697; Valid Votes – 17,038; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 30 May 1932
Place of Birth: Kadetgyi Village, Launglone
Parents: U San Ba and Daw Chit May
U Tin Myint voluntarily resigned as an MP on 27 September 1991. Among the 392
NLD MPs, he received the highest percentage of votes. From 1947-1948 was in
charge of a co-operative in
v
Name:
U Toe
Constituency:
Place
Date of Birth:
Father: U Pe Chit
During the 1988 uprising, U Toe Po joined the demonstrations as the patron of
the Workers’
Pegu
Division |
Location: Pegu
Division is in the south of the big central plains. Magwe and Mandalay
Divisions arc to its north;
Climate: The
southern part of Pegu Division has the tropical monsoon climate. The northern
part has the tropical Savannah Climate. The average temperatures of Pegu,
Taungoo and Prome(Pyay) in April, the hottest month of the year are 88°F and
90° respectively. The average temperature of Pegu(Bago) in January. the coolest
month, is 75°F. The average annual rainfall of the town of
Inhabitants, religions and languages: Karens, Bamars,
Organization of districts, townships and ward/village-tracts: Bago
Division occupies an area of 14,866 square miles. Pegu Division is made up of
Pegu, Prome, Thayawady and Taungoo Districts which comprise 28 townships with
1,619 ward/village-tracts. Pegu is the divisional capital. It is the fourth
largest town of
NATIONAL
LEAGUE FOR DEMOCRARY (NLD)
v
Name:
U Ye Htut
Constituency: Daik-U (1)
(Eligible Voters – 49,393; Votes Cast – 36,763; Valid Votes – 32,571; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1 January 1951
Place of Birth: Tamwe, Rangoon Division
Father: U Mya Than
U Ye Htut was arrested and imprisoned under Penal
Code Article 122 (1) in May, 1991 for attending a secret meeting in
Mandalay in 1990 to form a provisional government. The Election Commission
dismissed him as an MP by Declaration No. 984 on
v
Name: U
Sein Tun
Constituency: Daik-U (2)
(Eligible Voters – 48,453; Votes Cast – 35,059; Valid Votes – 29,729; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 27 January 1942
Place of Birth: Pauktabin Village, Daik-U
Parents: U Tun Yin and Daw Tin
U Sein Tun passed away on 3 May 1992. He had a Bachelor of Arts degree in Law
and a Bachelor of Law degree, and worked as a lawyer. U Sein Tun received
20,761 valid votes as 70 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Aye Myint
Constituency: Gyobingauk (1)
(Eligible Voters – 35,266; Votes Cast – 25,007; Valid Votes – 21,079; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 20 April 1931
Place of Birth: Gyobingauk
Father: U Hla Maung
U Aye Myint was part of the NLD boycott of the National Convention on 28
December 1995. He graduated from
v
Name:
U Aye
Constituency: Gyobingauk (2)
(Eligible Voters – 33,672; Votes Cast – 23,528; Valid Votes – 19,857;
Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 11 February 1924
Place of Birth: Gyobingauk
Parents: U Ba Ohn and Daw Shwe Su
While at school, U Aye was a member of the Dobama
Asiaone (We Burma Association), and Chairman of the school Students’ Union.
He went on a hunger strike during the 1938 general strike and was expelled from
school for joining in a demonstration. He was also a member of the resistance
movement against the British. U Aye received 11,008 valid votes as 55 % in the
1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Chit Maung
Constituency: Htantabin
(Eligible Voters – 50,435; Votes Cast – 36,471; Valid Votes – 30,089; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 2 November 1943
Place of Birth: Let Hlout Village, Yin Marbin
Parents: U Phoe Oo and Daw Aye Sein
U Chit Maung has a Bachelor of Arts degree and a Bachelor of Education degree,
and is a Higher-Grade Pleader. From 1962-1967 he worked as a clerk at the
Directorate of Procurement in the Defence Ministry, and from 1967-1974 as a
High School Teacher at
v
Name:
Dr. Myo Win
Constituency: Kawa (1)
(Eligible Voters – 49,855; Votes Cast – 39,549; Valid Votes – 33,663; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 29 December 1954
Place of Birth: Kawa
Parents: U Cho and Daw Tin Nyunt
Dr. Myo Win is in charge of the Kawa Township NLD. He attended
v
Name:
U Mya Lay
Constituency: Kawa (2)
(Eligible Voters – 49,198; Votes Cast – 40,292; Valid Votes – 34,562; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 15 December 1922
Parents: U Pan Myaing
U Mya Lay attended the National Convention before passing away on 15 July 1995.
He joined the NLD after the 1988 uprising and became a member of the Central
Executive Committee following the arrests of Daw Aung San Su Kyi and U Tin Oo
and the re-organisation of the party on
v
Name: U
Tun Oo
Constituency: Kyaukkyi
(Eligible Voters – 43,167; Votes Cast – 23,512; Valid Votes – 20,343; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 9 February 1957
Place of Birth: Kyaukkyi
Parents: U Maung Kyin and Daw San Yee
U Tun Oo lives in exile in USA and is a former NCGUB minister for Social
Welfare, Labour and Finance. The SLORC declared him a fugitive in 1990 and the
Election Commission dismissed him as an MP on
v
Name:
U Hla Oo
Constituency: Kyauktaga (1)
(Eligible Voters – 45,057; Votes Cast – 33,352; Valid Votes – 27,731; Number of
Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 6 April 1951
Parents: U Hla Gyi and Daw Kyi Kyi
U Hla Oo lives in exile in Thailand and is the Chairman of the Federation of
Trade Unions of Burma (FTUB). He is also a former NCGUB Minister for Labour.
The SLORC declared him a fugitive for joining the NCGUB and charged him under Penal Code Article 512 and the 1950 Emergency Provision Act, Articles 5
(a), (b) and (j). The Election Commission subsequently dismissed him from
Parliament on
v
Name: U Maung Maung Gyi
Constituency: Kyauktaga (2)
(Eligible Voters – 45,063; Votes Cast – 36,073; Valid Votes – 31,020; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth:
Parents: U Yangyi Aung
U Maung Maung Gyi passed away on
v
Name: U Aung Myint
Constituency: Letpadan (1)
(Eligible Voters – 50,985; Votes Cast – 36,473; Valid Votes – 30,649; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 5 June 1944
Place of Birth: Khamong Sate Ywama Village
Parents: U Khin Maung and Daw Htwe Tin
U Aung Myint is the Secretary of the Letpadan Township NLD and a former
township Chairman of the banned POCL. He boycotted the SLORC’s National
Convention in December 1995 along with other NLD representatives. He finished
school at
v
Name:
U Nyunt Aye
Constituency: Letpadan (2)
(Eligible Voters – 50,304; Votes Cast – 36,306; Valid Votes – 29,062; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 12 April 1936 1 July 1928
Place of Birth: Kunchan Kone Village, Letpadan
Parents: U Boe Shwe and Daw Khin Pu
U Nyunt Aye is a member of Letpadan Township NLD and during the 1988 uprising
he was Chairman of the Letpadan Township pro-democracy force. He studied
science at
v
Name:
U Tint Lwin
Constituency: Minhla (1)
(Eligible Voters – 36,120; Votes Cast – 27,489; Valid Votes – 24,366; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 4 December 1917
Place of Birth: Yang Aung Village, Pyawbwe, Mandalay Division
Father: U Tun
The Election Commission announced on 13 July 1996 that U Tint Lwin had resigned
as an MP. It is understood that the SLORC used intimidation to force him to
resign. During the 1988 uprising U Tint Lwin was a Central Committee member of
the Army Veterans' Association. He
studied at
v
Name:
Daw Hla Hla Moe
Constituency: Minhla (2)
(Eligible Voters – 35,260; Votes Cast – 23,568;
Valid Votes - ; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 1943
Place of Birth: Min Hla
Father: U Hla Boo
Daw Hla Hla Moe was among the NLD representatives who boycotted the National
Convention on 28 December 1995. She finished high school in 1961 and in 1968
began working as a high school teacher. She was a member of the Organising
Committee of the BSPP Youth from 1975, and in 1984 she obtained a Bachelor of
Education degree. Daw Hla Hla Moe
received 16,282 valid votes as 69 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Hla Aung
Constituency: Monyo (1)
(Eligible Voters – 37,502; Votes Cast – 24,214; Valid Votes – 20,779; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1924
Father: U Pho Sein
U Hla Aung was in Tenth Standard at Htonepho High School when he left school
and joined the Dobama Asiayone (We
Burma Association) as a soldier. During 1943 and 1944 he worked as a primary
school teacher and fought in the resistance movement against the Japanese. When
the PVO was formed during 1946 and 1947, he became a General Staff Officer, and
from 1947-1948 he was as a Staff Officer in the Burmese Reserve Army. From
1950-1956 he worked in the AFPFL Co-operative and he then joined the AFPFL
faction led by U Bo.He was passed away. U Hla Aung received 12,210 valid votes
as 59 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Tun Shwe
Constituency: Monyo (2)
(Eligible Voters – 38,988; Votes Cast – 24,962; Valid Votes – 21,848; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1 March 1933
Father: U Hla Maung
U Tun Shwe was part of the NLD boycott of the National Convention on 28
December 1995. Between 1964 and 1978, U Tun Swe was a member of the BSPP
Central Committee, a member of the BSPP Discipline Enforcement Committee, an
Assistant Attorney-General, Director of the Office of Legal Affairs in the
Ministry of Justice, and a member of the BSPP Central Land Committee. U Tun
Shwe also was a member of the Constitution Drafting Committee and the Member of
Parliament for
v
Name:
U Ohn Ngwe
Constituency: Nattalin (1)
(Eligible Voters – 47,418; Votes Cast – 38,764; Valid Votes – 33,017; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 24 March 1918
Place of Birth: Oattwin Kone Village, Nattalin
Father: U Boe Shein
U Ohn Ngwe has a Bachelor of Arts degree and a Diploma of Education. He was the
headmaster of a primary school, and in 1977 he retired as a township Director
of Education. U Ohn Ngwe received 24,388 valid votes as 74 % in the 1990
elections.
v
Name:
U Saw Sein Tun
Constituency: Nattalin (2)
(Eligible Voters – 48,088; Votes Cast – 37,488; Valid Votes – 32,112; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 6 June 1931
Father: U Aung Myint
U Saw Sein Tun is currently a member of the NLD Central Working Committee of
Farmers. He graduated in agriculture in 1955 and received a Bachelor of Law
degree in 1960. From 1955-1957 he worked as a high school teacher and from
1958-1967 as a District Agricultural Officer in Thayawady and Mergui districts.
From 1967-1977 he was the Headmaster at the Agriculture and
v
Name:
U Ohn Maung
Constituency: Nyaunglebin (1)
(Eligible Voters – 51,201; Votes Cast – 39,456; Valid Votes – 34,441; Number of
Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 1 July 1928
Father: U Shwe Hla
U Ohn Maung studied at Rangoon University and received a Bachelor of Arts
degree and a Bachelor of Law degree. In 1945, he fought in the resistance
against the Japanese and in 1946 he was the Secretary of the AFPFL in
v
Name:
U Tun Kywe
Constituency: Nyaunglebin (2)
(Eligible Voters – 51,324; Votes Cast – 34,674; Valid Votes – 29,861; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 7 February 1925
Father: U Kyaw
U Tun Kywe was among the NLD representatives who boycotted the SLORC’s National
Convention in December 1995. He has a Bachelor of Arts in Education and a
Master of Arts from
v
Name:
U Tin Oo
Constituency: Oakpo (1)
(Eligible Voters – 34,368; Votes Cast – 23,523; Valid Votes – 19,700; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 13 May 1938
Place of Birth: Kyibin Sake Village, Oakpo
Parents: U Tha Hman and Daw Mel Kyin
U Tin Oo is the Secretary of the Oakpo Township NLD and during the 1988
uprising he was Secretary of the Oakpo Peasants and Farmers’ Union. He was in
year ten when he left school and from 1970-1981 he was joint Secretary of Oakpo
Township Peasants and Farmers’ Association and a committee member of a BSPP
party unit. His membership of the BSPP was revoked when he accused the party of
lacking democracy. U Tin Oo received 10,166 valid votes as 52 % in the 1990
elections.
v
Name:
U Tha Maung
Constituency: Oakpo (2)
(Eligible Voters – 39,086; Votes Cast – 26,435; Valid Votes – 22,873; Number of
Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 27 February 1920
Place of Birth: Kyain Tala Phaya Kon Village, Irrawaddy Division
Parents: U Boe Sein and Daw Sake Kaung
U Tha Maung is Chairman of the Oakpo Township NLD. During the 1988 uprising, he
acted as Patron of the Township Peasant and Farmers’
v
Name:
U Khin Maung Win
Constituency: Oaktwin (2)
(Eligible Voters – 31,257; Votes Cast – 22,696; Valid Votes – 19,561; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 12 November 1944
Place of Birth: Myingyan
Parents: U Tun Yin and Daw Than New
U Khin Maung Win was arrested on the charge of illegally holding a party
meeting on 22 July 1991, but the authorities later charged him under the Gambling Act. He finished high school in
1962 and in 1966 attended Deputy Police Officer Training at the Central
Institute of Civil Services in Paunggyi. From 1967 he worked as a Sub-Inspector
of Police in Taungoo District until he resigned from the Police Force in
1978.He was released from Taungoo Prison on
v
Name:
U Tin Ohn
Constituency: Padaung (1)
(Eligible Voters – 42,763; Votes Cast – 26,532; Valid Votes – 23,077; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 18 February 1947
Place of Birth: Padaung
Parents: U Saw Hlaing and Daw Than Sein
The Election Commission announced on 14 March 1997 that U Tin Ohn had resigned
as an MP. It is understood that the SLORC used intimidation to force him to
resign. U Tin Ohn left school when he was in Tenth Standard at the
v
Name:
U Thein Han (Ye Han)
Constituency: Padaung (2)
(Eligible Voters – 44,615; Votes Cast – 31,106; Valid Votes – 27,023; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 17 February 1939
Place of Birth: Ohn Shippin Village, Padaung
Parents: U San Shwe and Daw Nyunt
U Thein Han is Chairman of the Padaung Township NLD. He was a first year
student of physics when he left
v
Name:
U Ohn Naing
Constituency: Paungde (1)
(Eligible Voters – 40,222; Votes Cast – 29,939; Valid Votes – 24,329; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth:
Parents: U Sein Phyo and Daw Sein
U Ohn Naing was expelled from the NLD following the 1990 election. He received
a Bachelor of Science degree, a Bachelor of Arts degree and a Diploma of
Education from
v
Name:
U Aye Than
Constituency: Paungde (2)
(Eligible Voters – 39,381; Votes Cast – 29,545; Valid Votes – 23,846; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth:
Parents: U Ngwe Dah and Daw Sein Chu
U Aye Than was expelled from the NLD following the 1990 election. He graduated
from
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Name:
U Myat Hla
Constituency: Pegu (2)
(Eligible Voters – 106,431; Votes Cast – 78,019; Valid Votes – 71,588;
Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 23 May, 1935
Place of Birth: Paypinchaung Village, Pegu
Parents: U Sein Tun and Daw Aye Tin
U Myat Hla received the highest percentage of votes among all Members of
Parliament in the 1990 election. Following the election he voluntarily resigned
from the NLD and also as an MP. He finished school at
v
Name:
U Thaung Sein
Constituency: Prome (2)
(Eligible Voters – 62,493; Votes Cast – 40,662; Valid Votes – 36,768; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 1930
Place of Birth: Thae Kone
Parents: U Soe Min and Daw Aye Mya
U Thaung Sein is the Chairman of Prome Township NLD. He was among the NLD
representatives who boycotted the National Convention in December 1995. U
Thaung Sein was in Ninth Standard at
v
Name:
U Aung Than
Constituency: Pyu (1)
(Eligible Voters – 47,205; Votes Cast – 31,432;
Valid Votes – 27,392; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 17 December 1929
Place of Birth: Pyu
Parents: U Boe Gaung and Daw Sein May
U Aung Than received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1962, and a Diploma of
Education in 1973. From 1944-1946 he was a member of the Asia Youth Association
and from 1959-1960 was Secretary of the Pyu Township AFPFL. He worked as a High
School Teacher in Pyu from 1954-1959 and was a member of the BSPP from
1964-1968. U Aung Than was also a Headmaster at Yamethin from 1963-1975, and at
Ahlone State High School No.3 from 1981-1986, and was the Taungoo Township
Director of Education. During the 1988 uprising, he was the Vice-Chairman of
the Central Committee of the
v
Name:
U Soe Maung
Constituency: Pyu (2)
(Eligible Voters – 65,024; Votes Cast – 41,432; Valid Votes – 36,948; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Parents: U Aye and Daw Hl Myaing
U Soe Maung is Chairman of the Pyu Township NLD Organising Committee. On
v
Name:
U Than Kywe
Constituency: Shwedaung (1)
(Eligible Voters – 40,926; Votes Cast – 30,797; Valid Votes – 27,709; Number of
Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 4 December 1942
Place of Birth: Kyee The Village, Shwedaung
Parents: U Tun Sein and Daw Mya Tin
The SLORC declared U Than Kywe a fugitive on 4 December 1990 for attending
meetings in Mandalay earlier that year with the aim to form a provisional
government. The Election Commission then dismissed him from Parliament after he
was appointed NCGUB Minister for Trade and Co-operatives on
v
Name:
U Paik Chon
Constituency: Shwedaung (2)
(Eligible Voters – 40,989; Votes Cast – 27,001; Valid Votes – 23,976; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 5 July 1945
Place of Birth: Htanaung Kone Village
Parents: U Shin and Daw Thein Shin
U Paik Chon is one of the organising committee members of the NLD in Pegu
Division and was among the NLD representatives who boycotted the National
Convention on 28 December 1995. He studied at
v
Name:
U Soe Lwin
Constituency: Shwekyin
(Eligible Voters – 36,473; Votes Cast – 27,987; Valid Votes – 23,909; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth:
Place of Birth: Shwegyin
Parents: U Tote and Daw Amar
U Soe Lwin is a High Court Advocate. He attended
v
Name:
U Aung Soe Myint
Constituency: Taungoo (1)
(Eligible Voters – 54,044; Votes Cast – 35,458; Valid Votes – 31,543; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 3 August 1952
Parents: U Ohn Kyaw and Daw Aye Mi
U Aung Soe Myint was among the NLD representatives who boycotted the National
Convention in December 1995. During the 1988 uprising, he was a member of the
Central General Strike Committee of the Taungoo District People’s Liberation
Alliance. In 1975, U Aung Soe Myint graduated from Rangoon Institute of
Economics and from 1975-1988 he operated his own business. He was released from
SPDC’s so-called guest house on
v
Name:
U Nyunt Wai
Constituency: Taungoo (2)
(Eligible Voters – 55,749; Votes Cast – 36,178; Valid Votes – 30,405;
Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 14 November 1926
Father: U Ba Swe
U Nyunt Wai was appointed treasurer of the Central Executive Committee of the
NLD on 26 March 1991 in a re-organisation of the party following the arrests of
Daw Aung San Su Kyi and U Tin Oo. On
v
Name:
U Aye Thein
Constituency: Thanatpin (1)
(Eligible Voters – 36,258; Votes Cast – 27,609; Valid Votes – 25,750; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 5 April 1959
Place of Birth: Outsu Ward, Thanatpin
Parents: U Thein Shwe and Daw Mya Kyi
U Aye Thein attended Thanatpin State High School and received a Law degree by
correspondence in 1980.He was resigned from MP. U Aye Thein received 18,847
valid votes as 73 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
Dr. Htay Thein
Constituency: Thanatpin (2)
(Eligible Voters – 36,299; Votes Cast – 26,987;
Valid Votes – 24,326; Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 24 September 1953
Parents: U Chit Maung and Daw Kyin Nu
Dr. Htay Thein graduated from Rangoon Institute of Medicine and worked at North
Okkalapa Hospital before establishing his own clinic. He was Patron of the
Thanatpin Township Students’
v
Name:
U San Win
Constituency: Thayawady
(Eligible Voters – 42,498; Votes Cast – 32,283; Valid Votes – 27,877; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 22 April 1924
Place of Birth: Zee Kone
Father: U Ba Kyi
U San Win was part of the NLD boycott of the National Convention on 28 December
1995. From 1942-1945, U San Win served as a Sub-Lieutenant of the BIA and was a
graduate of the Army Cadet Training Class 3. During those years he also served
in Division 7 of the Japanese resistance force, Regiment 2 of the PBF, and was
a Lt-Col in Burma Rifle Regiment 4. Later, he was a BSPP Central Committee
Member and a BSPP Trade Minister. On
v
Name:
U Maung Aye
Constituency: Thayawady (2)
(Eligible Voters – 42,597; Votes Cast – 28,446; Valid Votes – 24,473; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 25 May 1929
Place of Birth: Paungde
Father: U Boe Se
U Maung Aye was among the NLD representatives who boycotted the National
Convention in December 1995. After he finished high school he joined the Navy
and became a Captain and in charge of a base. In 1963 he worked a Special Officer
of the
v
Name:
U Aye
Constituency: Thegon (1)
(Eligible Voters – 42,114; Votes Cast – 28,353; Valid Votes – 24,086; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 22 February 1925
Place of Birth: Inma Village, Thegon
Parents: U Tin and Daw Ohn Tin
U
Aye finished Ninth Standard in 1939 and from 1942-1944 he worked as a Police
Sergeant and an Inspector. In 1945 he began working for the Special Police
Intelligence Service in the resistance against the Japanese. He worked under
Col. Ba Htoo in the BIA as an intelligence officer tracking the activities of
the Japanese military police. U Aye received 12,179 valid votes as 51 % in the
1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Thein Tun (Tun Lu Aung)
Constituency: Thegon (2)
(Eligible Voters – 40,248; Votes Cast – 28,050; Valid Votes – 24,925; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 11 November 1949
Place of Birth: Thegon
Parents: U Too and Daw Mya Sein
U Thein Tun was arrested and imprisoned under Penal Code Article 122 (1) for attending a meeting in Mandalay in
1990 to form a provisional government.
The Election Commission dismissed him as an MP by Declaration No. 996 on
v
Name:
U Tin Shwe
Constituency: Waw (1)
(Eligible Voters – 43,148; Votes Cast – 31,552; Valid Votes – 27,589; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 10 December, 1941
Place of Birth: Pe Nwe Kone Village, Kyauktada
Father: U Ohn
U Tin Shwe voluntarily resigned from the NLD in April 1992. He was the Chairman
of the Organising Committee in Waw when the NLD was founded in 1988. U Tin Shwe
received 18,618 valid votes as 67 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Soe Thein (Maung Wuntha)
Constituency: Waw (2)
(Eligible Voters – 42,986; Votes Cast – 31,517; Valid Votes – 27,552; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 17 April 1945
Place of Birth: Pegu
Parents: U Maung Khin and Daw Mya Sein
U Soe Thein was imprisoned in Insein Prison after being arrested on 21 May 1996
and charged under Article 10 (a) of the 1975
State Protection Act. He was arrested along with U Kyaw Min (MP, Irrawaddy
Division), and four other NLD members.He was released on
v
Name:
Dr. Kyaw Kyaw
Constituency: Yedashe (1)
(Eligible Voters – 42,297; Votes Cast – 32,544; Valid Votes – 27,413; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 2 April 1951
Place of Birth: Mandalay
Parents: U Ko Ko and Daw Than Than
During the 1988 uprising, Dr. Kyaw Kyaw was in charge of the township
demonstration base.He was resigned from MP. He received a Dentistry degree in
1978 and set up his own dental clinic. Dr. Kyaw Kyaw received 15,874 valid
votes as 58 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Tun Aung
Constituency: Yedashe (2)
(Eligible Voters – 43,647; Votes Cast – 32,784; Valid Votes – 29,014; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 19 May 1951
Parents: U Boe Kaung and Daw U Lay
U Tun Aung was arrested and imprisoned under Penal Code Article 122 (1) for attending meetings in Mandalay in
1990 to form a provisional government.
The Election Commission dismissed him as an MP by Declaration No. 992 on
v
Name:
U San Tin
Constituency: Zigon
(Eligible Voters – 41,957; Votes Cast – 33,429; Valid Votes – 28,158; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 1934
Place of Birth: Mingyi Village, Monyo
Father: U Ohn Maung
U San Tin was in Seventh Standard at Yekin Affiliated High School when he left
school. He was a member of the AFPFL and the Socialist Youth. U San Tin
received 15,992 valid votes as 57 % in the 1990 elections.
PARTY
FOR NATIONAL DEMOCRACY (PND)
v
Name:
U Thein Oo
Constituency: Oaktwin (1)
(Eligible Voters – 32,918; Votes Cast – 23,535; Valid Votes – 18,228; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 21 June 1949
Place of Birth: Myaung Mya
Father: U Ye Baloo
During the 1988 uprising, U Thein Oo was Patron of Rangoon University Graduates
and Former Students’ Union. He graduated from Rangoon Institute of Economics in
1971 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Mathematics and Statistics. In 1972, he
began working for the Mya Kantha Film Distribution company, and from 1984-1985
was the Administrator and an Editor of the Moe
Way magazine. U Thein Oo received 10,881 valid votes as 60 % in the 1990
elections.
v
Name:
Dr. Sein Win
Constituency: Paukkhaung
(Eligible Voters – 56,337; Votes Cast – 39,412; Valid Votes – 35,063; Number of
Candidates – 8)
Date of Birth: 7 December 1943
Place of Birth: Taungdwin Gyi
Parents: U Ba Win and Daw Khin Saw
Dr. Sein Win is the Prime Minister of the NCGUB and the former leader of the
Party for National Democracy(PND). He currently lives in the
v
Name:
U Soe Win
Constituency: Pegu (1)
(Eligible Voters – 103,481; Votes Cast – 68,931; Valid Votes – 61,219; Number
of Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 7 August 1945
Place of Birth: Nyan U
Father: U Kyin Syne
U Soe Win is currently a member of the NLD Information Department. When the PND
was banned in December 1990, U Soe Win was a Central Executive Committee member
of the party. During the 1988 uprising U
Soe Win was a bodyguard for Daw Aung San Suu Kyi. He has a Bachelor of Arts
degree in Economics and a degree in Industrial Production. U Soe Win received
61,219 valid votes as 72 % in the 1990 elections.
NATIONAL
UNITY PARTY (PND)
v
Name:
Col. Maung Ohn (Retired)
Constituency: Prome (1)
(Eligible Voters – 59,592; Votes Cast – 40,181; Valid Votes – 35,315; Number of
Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 7 April 1929
Place of Birth: Rangoon
Parents: U Thein Pe and Daw Aye Sein
Colonel Maung Ohn graduated from Rangoon Institute of Technology in Mechanics
and joined the Army in 1955. After retiring from the Army in 1981, he became a
member of the BSPP Central Committee, the Member for Pandaung 2 constituency,
and the Deputy Minister of Industry 1 under the BSPP. Col Maung Ohn received
14,850 valid votes as 42 % in the 1990 elections.
Magwe Division |
Location: Magwe(Magway)
Division is located in the central part of
Climate: The western hilly
region whose rainfall is slightly more than other parts of the Division, Pegu
Mountain Range and the southernmost part have the tropical Savannah Climate. As
the majority part of Magwe Division falls within the Dry Zone, it is very hot
during the hot season and is relatively cold during the cold season. The
average temperature of April, which is the hottest month of the year, is 90°
Fahrenheit and the temperature of April, which is the hottest month of the
year, is 90° Fahrenheit and the temperatures during daytime range between 100°
- 110° Fahrenheit. The average temperature of January, which is the coolest
month of the year, is 70° Fahrenheit and the temperature sometimes falls as low
as 50° Fahrenheit.
Inhabitants, religions and Languages: The population of Magwe
Division is 4.218,699. The majority of the people are Bamars and there are also
Chins, Arakans, Karens, Shansand others. A total of 98 percent of the people
are Buddhists and the rest are Christians, Hindus. Muslims or Animists.
The population of Magwe Division is 4.218,699. The majority of the people
are Bamars and there are also Chins, Arakans, Karens, Shans and others. A total
of 98 percent of the people are Buddhists and the rest are Christians, Hindus. Muslims or Animists.
The population of Magwe Division is 4.218,699. The majority of the people
are Bamars and there are also Chins, Arakans, Karens, Shans and others. A total
of 98 percent of the people are Buddhists and the rest are Christians, Hindus. Muslims or Animists.
Organization of districts, townships and village-tracts: Magwe
Division occupies an area of 177305.32 square miles. It is made up of Magwe,
Minbu, Thayet, Pakokku and Gangaw Districts where there are 25 townships and
1,696 ward village-tracts. Magwe is the divisional capital. Its population in
1994 was about 300.000. Other major towns of the Division are Pakokku and
Minbu. Other well-known towns are Taungdwingyi, Thayet, Aunglan, Natmauk,
Pwintbyu, Chauk, Yenangyaung, Pauk, Gangaw and Yesagyo.
Magwe Division occupies an area of 177305.32 square miles. It is made up of
Magwe, Minbu, Thayet, Pakokku and Gangaw Districts where there are 25 townships
and 1,696 ward village-tracts. Magway is the divisional capital. Its population
in 1994 was about 300.000. Other major towns of the Division are Pakokku and
Minbu. Other well-known towns are Taungdwingyi, Thayet, Aunglan, Natmauk,
Pwintbyu, Chauk, Yenangyaung, Pauk, Gangaw and Yesagyo.
Magwe Division occupies an area of 177305.32 square miles. It is made up of
Magwe, Minbu, Thayet, Pakokku and Gangaw
Districts where there are 25 townships and 1,696 ward village-tracts. Magwe is
the divisional capital. Its population in 1994 was about 300.000. Other major
towns of the Division are Pakokku and Minbu. Other well-known towns are
Taungdwingyi, Thayet, Aunglan, Natmauk, Pwintbyu, Chauk, Yenangyaung, Pauk,
Gangaw and Yesagyo.
NATIONAL
LEAGUE FOR DEMOCRACY (NLD)
v
Name:
U Myint Thein
Constituency: Chauk (1)
(Eligible Voters – 58,464; Votes Cast – 43,366; Valid Votes – 38,181;Number of
Candidates – 8)
Date of Birth: 13 September 1942
Place of Birth: Pagan Township
Father: U Ye
U Myint Thein is in charge of Chauk Township NLD. He was a part of the NLD
boycott of the National Convention on
v
Name: Dr. Nyunt Sein
Constituency: Chauk (2)
(Eligible Voter – 58,727; Votes Cast – 43,437; Valid Votes – 38,047; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 11 December 1928
Place of Birth: Than Lian Township
Father: U Maung Maung
Dr. Nyunt Sein is a member of the Organising Committee of Magwe Division and
was a part of the NLD boycott of the National Convention in December 1995. In
1954 Dr. Nyunt Sein graduated from the Rangoon Institute of Medicine and from
1954-1957 he worked as a doctor in the Department of Malaria at
v
Name: U
Aung Htoo
Constituency: Gangaw
(Eligible Voters – 58,228; Votes Cast – 47,719; Valid Votes – 43,416; Number of
Candidates – 2)
Date of Birth: 20 September 1930
Parents: U Ba Maw and Daw Chit Mya
The Election Commission announced on 15 January 1998 that U Aung Htoo had
resigned as an MP. It is understood that the SLORC/SPDC used intimidation to
force him to resign. He boycotted the National Convention in December 1995
along with other NLD representatives. U
Aung Htoo is an Arts graduate and worked in the Army Accounting Office from
1951-1957. He also worked as a teacher at
v
Name: U Saw Win (U Kyaw Zaw Lin)
Constituency: Htilin
(Eligible Voters – 31,384; Votes Cast – 26,702; Valid Votes – 24,909; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 14 May 1938
Parents: U Kyaw Nyunt and Daw Aye Hla
U Saw Win was arrested in 1991 for allegedly failing to transport logs in time
while working on the construction of the Rangoon-Thanlyin bridge. He was
charged under Article 3 of the 1963 Public
Property Protection Act and was given ten years imprisonment. He was also
charged under Article 5 (j) of the 1950
Emergency Provision Act and was sentenced to an additional year
imprisonment. The Election Commission
subsequently dismissed U Saw Win from Parliament by order No. 985 on
v
Name: U Myint Aung
Constituency: Kamma
(Eligible Voters – 43,598; Votes Cast – 36,678;
Valid Votes – 33,154; Number of Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 11 June 1959
Place of Birth: Zwaymi Village, Kamma
Parents:U Tha Nyan and Daw Phwa
U Myint Aung was an organiser of Kamma Township NLD when he left for the
Thai-Burma border and joined the NCGUB in Manerplaw on 18 December 1990. He was
subsequently appointed NCGUB Minister for Agriculture and Forests. On
v
Name: U Kyaw Myint
Constituency: Magwe (1)
(Eligible Voters – 73,001; Votes Cast – 51,016; Valid Votes – 47,536; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 1943
Place of Birth: Natmauk Township
Parents:U Sein and Daw Khin May
U Kyaw Myint was among the NLD representatives who boycotted the National
Convention in December 1995. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree from
v
Name:
U Aung Soe
Constituency: Magwe (2)
(Eligible Voters – 72,654; Votes Cast – 51,533; Valid Votes – 46,910; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 7 September 1934
Father: U Tin
U Aung Soe was part of the NLD boycott of the National Convention in December
1995. In 1996 the authorities forcibly evicted him from his government
apartment. From 1952-1974 he worked as an accountant at the Telegraph and
Postal Service Department. From 1974-1988 he worked as the deputy officer of
the Magwe Township Accounts Department and then was officer in charge of the
Magwe Division Accounts Department.He was arrested on
v
Name:U Soe Myint
Constituency: Minbu (1)
(Eligible Voters – 43,600; Votes Cast – 31,928; Valid Votes – 28,506; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth:
Father: U Nyunt
U Soe Myint is an organiser with the Magwe Division NLD. In 1968 he graduated
from
v
Name: U
Hla Soe
Constituency: Minbu (2)
(Eligible Voters – 42,102; Votes Cast – 28,063; Valid Votes – 24,456; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 20 November 1934
Place of Birth: Salin Township
Parents: U Sein and Daw Thein Tin
U Hla Soe was among the NLD representatives who boycotted the National
Convention in December 1995. U Hla Soe left high school at tenth standard and
joined the army, serving as a captain from 1953-1962. For the next 14 years he
worked in various positions within the BSPP and rose to regional chairman of
the BSPP in
v
Name: U
Tun Win
Constituency: Mindon
(Eligible Voters – 37,590; Votes Cast – 32,529; Valid Votes – 29,763; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth:
Parents: U Oo Tha and Daw Tin
U Tun Win is the chairman of Mindon NLD. He passed ninth standard at
v
Name: U
Chit Tin
Constituency: Minhla
(Eligible Voters – 57,204; Votes Cast – 43,216; Valid Votes – 38,167; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 1 September 1945
Parents: U Tun Tin and Daw Saki
U Chit Tin was arrested in 1990 for attending secret meetings in Mandalay in
1990 in order to form a provisional government. U Chit Tin was charged
under the Penal Code Article 122 (1)
and sent to prison. The Election Commission dismissed him as an MP and also
banned him from running in future elections. He was released from prison on
v
Name: U
Aung San Myint
Constituency: Myaing (1)
(Eligible Voters – 66,391; Votes Cast – 46,265; Valid Votes – 41,988; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1941
Parents: U Maung Hla and Daw Ma Ma Gyi
U Aung San Myint was arrested and jailed in 1990 for attending secret meetings
in Mandalay to form a provisional government. The Election Commission dismissed
him from Parliament by order No. 996 on
v
Name: U
Myint Aung
Constituency: Myaing (2)
(Eligible Voters – 62,836; Votes Cast – 44,772; Valid Votes – 39,318; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 18 May 1959
Parent’s Name: U Thein Maung and Daw Khin Than
U Myint Aung attended Pakokku College and Rangoon University and graduated in
Chemistry in 1984. U Myint Aung received 28,340 valid votes as 72 % in the 1990
elections.
v
Name: U
Nyunt Hlaing
Constituency: Aunglan / Myayde (1)
(Eligible Voters – 52,274; Votes Cast – 34,693; Valid Votes – 30,132; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 26 November 1939
Place of Birth: Myayde
Father: U Tun Hlaing
U Nyunt Hlaing was imprisoned in Thayet Prison and released on 18-7-2001. On 24
February 1997 he was detained along with six other NLD members, including U
Thein Zan (MP, Aunglan / Myayde – 2), and charged under Article 5 (j) of the 1950 Emergency Provision Act for
inciting farmers. The chairman of the
Myayde Township Law and Order Restoration Council accused the NLD of inciting
two farmers who had asked questions regarding the repayment of state loans. The
two farmers had been slapped across the face by the LORC chairman for asking
their questions and had reported the incident to the Myayde NLD. The local
authorities then detained the six NLD members who were each given five years
imprisonment. Another three township NLD members were arrested over the same
incident and were also each sentenced to five-year terms. U Nyunt Hlaing was part of the NLD boycott of
the National Convention in December 1995. He graduated from
v
Name: U
Thein Zan
Constituency: Aunglan / Myayde (2)
(Eligible Voters – 56,371; Votes Cast – 38,848; Valid Votes – 33,530; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 15 November 1938
Place of Birth: Duringa Bo Village, Myayde
Father: U Tin
U Thein Zan was arrested in Thayet Prison after being arrested on 24 February
1997 and sentenced to five years imprisonment for allegedly inciting farmers. While in prison, it is understood
that MIS officers used threats and intimidation to force U Thein Zan to submit
a letter of resignation on
v
Name: U
Tha Aung
Constituency: Myothit (1)
(Eligible Voters – 37,313; Votes Cast – 24,478; Valid Votes – 21,136; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1956
Place of Birth: Myothit
Parents: U Aung Thaung and Daw Ohn Yin
U Tha Aung is a member of the organising committee of the Myothit Township NLD.
He left school while in tenth standard. He was arrested on
v
Name: U Chit Htwe
Constituency: Myothit (2)
(Eligible Voters – 36,715; Votes Cast – 26,679;
Valid Votes – 22,409; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 13 July 1965
Place of Birth: Myo Thit Township
Father: U Tin Manung
U Chit Htwe received a Bachelor of Science degree in Physics in 1987. He took
part in the 1988 uprising and is currently an NLD organiser. He was arrested on
v
Name:
U Bo Htwe
Constituency: Natmauk (1)
(Eligible Voters – 55,749; Votes Cast – 37,424; Valid Votes – 32,837; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1926
Parents: U Phoe Aung and Daw Mya
U Bo Htwe is patron of the Natmauk Township NLD. He worked as a primary school
teacher at
v
Name: U
Aung Myint Thein
Constituency: Natmauk (2)
(Eligible Voters – 57,049; Votes Cast – 40,151; Valid Votes – 35,776; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 13 June 1954
Place of Birth: Natmauk
Parents: U Ne Aung and Daw Khin Lay
U Aung Myint Thein is a member of the Natmauk Township NLD Organising
Committee. He is the son of the elder
brother of Gen. Aung San and studied until tenth standard.He was arrested on
v
Name: U
Kyi Lwin
Constituency: Ngahpe
(Eligible Voters – 21,337; Votes Cast –
17,077; Valid Votes – 15,107; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 1954
Parents: U Tun Shin and Daw Khin Aye
U Kyi Lwin is an organiser for Ngahpe Township NLD. He has a Bachelor of Arts
degree in History from
v
Name: Dr.
Kyi Min
Constituency: Pakokku (1)
(Eligible Voters – 81,979; Votes Cast – 64,578; Valid Votes – 57,546; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 24 January 1958
Parents:U Hla Maung and Daw Phwer Kyin
Dr. Kyi Min graduated from Dental College in 1982. He had resigned as MP on
v
Name: U
Hlaing Aye
Constituency: Pakokku (2)
(Eligible Voters – 79,497; Votes Cast – 64,872; Valid Votes – 58,519; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth:
Parents: U Ohn Maung and Daw Hla Nuynt
U Hlaing Aye graduated in Science from
v
Name:
U Khin Maung Kyi
Constituency: Pauk (1)
(Eligible Voters – 39,413; Votes Cast – 31,955; Valid Votes – 28,308; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 30 January 1954
Place of Birth: Pauk
Father: U Pe Nyunt
The Election Commission dismissed U Khin Maung Kyi as an MP on 9 January 1992.
U Khin Maung Kyi is an organiser of the Pauk Township NLD and he graduated from
v
Name:
U Aung Naing Oo
Constituency: Pauk (2)
(Eligible Voters – 38,018; Votes Cast – 29,664;
Valid Votes – 25,446; Number of Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 24 June 1951
Place of Birth: Pauk
Father: U Ba Tin
U Aung Naing Oo attended Pauk High School finishing in 1969. He worked as a
council clerk for two years and studied Philosophy as a part-time student. He
has been in business as a trader in Pauk since 1974. U Aung Naing Oo received
14,310 valid votes as 56 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Kyaw Shin
Constituency: Pwintbyu (1)
(Eligible Voters – 39,767; Votes Cast – 30,471;
Valid Votes – 26,645; Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 13 October 1929
Parents: U Thaung and Daw O
U Kyaw Shin graduated from Rangoon University in Arts and obtained a Diploma of
Education in 1974. From 1953-1981, he worked as a teacher at Pwintbyu, a high
school teacher at Kon Saung and an assistant officer in-charge of Education at
Pwintbyu. Currently, he is an organiser with the township NLD.He was arrested
in 1998 and released from SPDC’s so-called guest house due to his poor health.
U Kyaw Shin received 19,553 valid votes as 73 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
Dr. Aung Moe Nyo
Constituency: Pwintbyu (2)
(Eligible Voters – 42,271; Votes Cast – 34,418;
Valid Votes – 30,573; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 13 December 1958
Place of Birth: Pwintbyu
Parents: U Nyo and Daw Nyein
After the 1990 election Dr. Aung Moe Nyo voluntarily resigned from the NLD. He
graduated from Rangoon Institute of Medicine in 1982 and started his own clinic
in 1984.He was arrested in 1998 and released from SPDC’s so-called guest house
on 13-7-2001. Dr. Aung Moe Nyo received 22,496 valid votes as 74 % in the 1990
elections.
v
Name:
U Tar
Constituency: Salin (1)
(Eligible Voters – 62,001; Votes Cast – 44,769; Valid Votes – 40,054; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth:
Place of Birth:
Parents: U Aye Maung and Daw San Kyi
U Tar is the chairman of the Salin Township NLD. He graduated from
v
Name:
U
Constituency: Salin (2)
(Eligible Voters – 58,806; Votes Cast – 43,365; Valid Votes – 39,697; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth:
Place of Birth: Salin
Parents:U Hla and Daw Khin Yi
U Kan Oo is a member of the Sinbyukyune Township NLD. He graduated from Rangoon
Institute of Technology with a Bachelor of Engineering degree majoring in Electrical
Power. He worked as a teacher at
v
Name:
U Kyaw Tin
Constituency: Saw
(Eligible Voters – 37,458; Votes Cast – 33,736; Valid Votes – 31,110; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 5 July 1949
Father: U Aung Kyaw
U Kyaw Tin is currently under detention and is the chairman of the Saw Township
NLD. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree in Geography in 1974 and worked at
the Saw Township Accounting Office in 1977. He was a part-time member of the
Magwe Division People’s Council from 1982-1988 and resigned from the government
service on
v
Name:
U Aunt Kyi
Constituency: Sedoktara
(Eligible Voters – 22,537; Votes Cast – 18,216;
Valid Votes – 16,099; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 31 July 1938
Place of Birth: Sedoktara
Parents: U Ya Chain and Daw Mae Tin
U Aunt Kyi is a member of the organising committee for Sedoktara Township NLD.
He has an Arts degree and worked as an Educational Administer Office clerk. He
worked as a teacher for 30 years and from 1974-1978 he was a member of the
Sedoktara Township Council.He was arrested in 1998 and released from SPDC’s
so-called guest house, due to his poor health and then he was passed away. U
Aunt Kyi received 9,995 valid votes as 62 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Soe Win
Constituency: Seikphyu
(Eligible Voters – 46,749; Votes Cast – 39,177;
Valid Votes – 33,515; Number of Candidates – 2)
Date of Birth: 4 April 1944
Place of Birth: Seikphyu
Parents: U Maung Kalay and Daw Shwe Tin
U Soe Win attended Chauk State High School and has an Arts degree from Rangoon
University. U Soe Win received 25,100 valid votes as 75 % in the 1990
elections.
v
Name:
U Han Zaw
Constituency: Sinbaungwe
(Eligible Voters – 55,251; Votes Cast – 41,433;
Valid Votes – 36,971; Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 2 December 1940
Place of Birth: Sinbaungwe
Father: U Tun Shwe
U Han Zaw was among the NLD representatives who boycotted the National
Convention in December 1995 and has worked as a staff officer for the NLD
chairman at the party headquarters in Rangoon. He studied at
v
Name: U
Thein Kyi
Constituency: Taungdwingyi (1)
(Eligible Voters – 62,422; Votes Cast – 46,560; Valid Votes – 41,143; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 7 September 1951
Parents: U Aung Myint and Daw Mya Mya Than
U Thein Kyi was expelled from the NLD along with U Than Tun (Dedaye – 2) in
January 1997 for breaking party rules by advocating rejoining the National Convention.
On
(1) In this report the two MPs
criticized (a) Daw Aung San Suu Kyi’s
anti-investment policy, (b) they also
urged the party to give the SLORC due credit for bringing in the fifteen
insurgent groups into the legal fold and to be able to make the Drug Warlord
Khun Sa surrender unconditionally, (c)to study the feasability of the ‘104’
points agreed upon at the National Convention, d) to look into the shortcomings
of the NLD party and to make unbias assessment on the possibility of having a
so-called dialogue with the SLORC, (e) to accept the reality that the SLORC is
undeniably moving towards democracy.
(2) On
(3) On
v
Name: Dr.
Than Naing
Constituency: Taungdwingyi (2)
(Eligible Voters – 59,768; Votes Cast – 44,437; Valid Votes – 39,182; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth:
Father: U Thein Maung
Dr. Than Naing graduated in Medicine from Rangoon Institute of Medicine. He
boycotted the SLORC’s National Convention along with other NLD representatives
in December 1995.He was arrested on
v
Name:
U Khin Maung Than
Constituency: Thayet
(Eligible Voters – 57,562; Votes Cast – 38,694; Valid Votes – 33,618; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 11 December 1930
Parents: U Ba Thit and Daw Tin Tin
The Election Commission announced on 9 July 1996 that U Khin Maung Than had
resigned as an MP. It is understood that the SLORC used intimidation to force
him to submit a letter of resignation to the Commission.U Khin Maung Than
received a Bachelor of Education degree in 1963. He worked as a high school
teacher and a principal and was the
v
Name: Thakin
Khin Nyunt
Constituency: Yenangyaung (1)
(Eligible Voters – 46,454; Votes Cast – 35,557; Valid Votes – 32,445; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 6 July 1914
Parents: U Myat Gyi and Daw Kyin Hmone
Thakin Khin Nyunt established the Dobama Asiayone (We Burma Association)
and was the organisation’s secretary. He was a leader of the 1938 general
strike and was sentenced to one year imprisonment for his involvement. He was
also chairman of the Asia Youth Association and led a guerrilla force in
v
Name: U
Khin Kyaw Han
Constituency: Yenangyaung (2)
(Eligible Voters – 46,692; Votes Cast – 33,065; Valid Votes – 30,582;
Number of Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth:
Place of Birth: Yenangyaung
Parents: U Thein Han and Daw Khin
Pyone
U Khin Kyaw Han passed secondary school from No. (1) State High School,
Yenangyaung and continued his further studies at Rangoon University
Correspondence Course, majoring in law up to final-year. From 1972 to 1987, he
had worked as Stores Technician of the Stores Department at the Myanma Oil Corporation,
and resigned from his post in 1987. He had also involved in the Yenangyaung
Petroleum Worker’s Strike in 1974. He participated in the formation of the
Yenangyaung branch NLD shortly after the 1988 pro-democracy uprising, and
worked as a Chairperson of the Township Executive Committee. He had been
sentenced for three-year-imprisonment at Thayet Prison between
1992 to 1995. He was released in February 1995, but was arrested again
on
v
Name: U
Maw Ni
Constituency: Yesagyo (1)
(Eligible Voters – 65,352; Votes Cast – 49,402; Valid Votes – 44,068; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 21 May 1948
Place of Birth: Yesagyo
Father: U Maw Tin
On 11 February 1997, the Election Commission announced that U Maw Ni had
resigned as an MP. It is understood that the SLORC used intimidation to force
him to resign. U Maw Ni attended
v
Name:
U Tin Maung
Constituency: Yesagyo (2)
(Eligible Voters – 63,010; Votes Cast – 50,005; Valid Votes – 45,645; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 1946
Place of Birth: Kan Thit Village, Yesagyo
Parents:U Sein and Daw Than Tin
U Tin Maung voluntarily resigned as an MP on 4 June 1991. He received a
Bachelor of Law degree from
|
Location: Linking
Sagaing Division in the north,
Topography and climate:
Mountains or high plateaus can be found in the eastern border Of the division
and Pegu Yoma region in the south-west The eastern plateau is the highest
region in the Division elevating up from G 0()() to 7.000 feet in some places.
The 4.98 I-foot Mount Popa. an extinct volcano is
famous.
Various Kinds of climates can be
found in Mandalay Division. The eastern plateau has a warm wet temperate
climate. Average temperatures of the region is between
70°F (21°C) and 75°F (24°C) in April. The average temperature in the coldest
months is G0°F (15.6°C). The lowest temperature
sometimes reaches the freezing point.
The southernmost part has a
Population inhabitant languages and religion: Mandalay Division
which is the second most populous State/ Division in
Majority of the population is Bamar. There are also a small number of Shans
Danus. Lisus and Palaungs residing on the eastern plateau.
Leway and Pyinmana have a few population of Plain
Chins (Asho Chins). National races such as Kachin, Karen and Chin are also
living in the division Majority of the people are Buddhists. There are also
Hindus. Muslims and Christians. Burmese language is
mainly spoken.
Formation of districts, townships and
villages: Mandalay Division is formed with seven districts. 30 townships
and 2,320 wards and village-tracts.
NATIONAL
LEAGUE FOR DEMOCRACY (NLD)
v
Name:
Dr. Zaw Myint Maung
Constituency: Amar apura (1)
(Eligible Voters – 42,741; Votes Cast – 34,831;
Valid Votes – 31,829; Number of Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 11 December 1951
Father: U Chit Maung
Dr. Zaw Myint Maung is currently under detention after being arrested
for attending meetings in Mandalay in 1990 to form a provisional government. He was charged under Penal Code Article 122 (1) and sentenced
to 25 years imprisonment. The Election Commission dismissed him from Parliament
on
v
Name: U Ba Bwa
Constituency: Amarapura (2)
(Eligible Voters – 43,735; Votes Cast – 37,185; Valid Votes – 35,226; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 22 January 1926
Father: Thakhin Ba Thein
U Ba Bwa was arrested for attending meetings in Mandalay in 1990 to form a
provisional government in which 20 or 25 Members of Parliament were to be sent
to border areas. The meetings were held on 29 and 30 September and
v
Name: U Bo Zan
Constituency: Kyaukpadaung
(1)
(Eligible Voters – 72,304; Votes Cast – 55,038;
Valid Votes – 49,837; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1 October 1937
Place of Birth: Indine Village, Kyaukpadaung
Parents:U Ba Thaw and Daw Aye Hlaing
U Bo Zan is Chairman of the NLD Mandalay Division Organizing Cammittee, after
the ruling military junta released Daw Aung San Suu Kyi in May 2002 from 19
months of house arrest. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree from
v
Name:
U Ngwe Tun
Constituency: Kyaukpadaung (2)
(Eligible Voters – 72,245; Votes Cast – 58,629; Valid Votes – 52,215; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1 February 1937
Place of Birth: Kimpone Chone Village, Kyaukpadaung
Parents: U Tha Ai and Daw Aye Tin
U Ngwe Tun has a Bachelor of Arts degree in Education and a Bachelor of
Education degree. He worked as a high school teacher at
v
Name:
U Aung Kyaw Oo
Constituency: Kyaukse (1)
(Eligible Voters – 48,534; Votes Cast – 40,018; Valid Votes – 35,479; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 25 May 1956
Place of Birth: Kyaukse
Parents: U Kyaw Khin and Daw Khin Mya Oo
U Aung Kyaw Oo was among the NLD representatives who boycotted the SLORC’s
National Convention on 28 December 1995. He received an Engineering degree from
the Rangoon Institute of Technology in 1980 and worked at the Shwedaung Textile
and Cloth Factory in Rangoon from 1980-1983. He then operated his own business
from 1984-1988. U Aung Kyaw Oo received 25,415 valid votes as 72 % in the 1990
elections.
v
Name:
U Kyaw Win
Constituency: Kyaukse (2)
(Eligible Voters – 47,027; Votes Cast – 39,174; Valid Votes – 34,394; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth:
Parents:U Shein and Daw Tun Kyi
U Kyaw Win is the Kyaukse Township NLD organiser. He received a Bachelor of
Science degree in Chemistry from
v
Name:
U Tin Htut Oo
Constituency: Lewe (1)
(Eligible Voters – 58,837; Votes Cast – 47,469; Valid Votes – 42,405; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 27 February 1963
Place of Birth: Mandalay
Parents: U Ko Gyi and Daw Khin Nyein Nyein
U Tin Htut Oo is a member of the NLD Mandalay Division Organizing Committee,
after the ruling military junta released Daw Aung San Suu Kyi in May 2002 from
19 months of house arrest.U Tin Htut Oo was among the NLD representatives who
boycotted the National Convention in December 1995. He received a Bachelor of
Science degree in Physics from
v
Name:
U Nyi Nyi Tun
Constituency: Lewe (2)
(Eligible Voters – 59,952; Votes Cast – 47,560; Valid Votes – 41,923; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth:
Place of Birth: Yamethin
Parents:U Myat Tha Tun and Daw Saw Lay
U Nyi Nyi Tun is in the chairman of the Lewe Township NLD. He studied Arts at
the
v
Name:
Dr. Aung Wai
Constituency: Madaya (1)
(Eligible Voters – 53,421; Votes Cast – 43,721; Valid Votes – 39,668; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 14 September 1943
Place of Birth: Myingyan
Parents:U Thaik and Daw Phwa Chi
Dr. Aung Wai was part of the NLD boycott of the National Convention on 28
December 1995. Dr. Aung Wai graduated from Mandalay Institute of Medicine in
1968 and from 1969-72 he worked as a health officer in
v
Name:
U Than Lwin
Constituency: Madaya (2)
(Eligible Voters – 44,502; Votes Cast – 37,014; Valid Votes – 33,554; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 1938
Parents: U San Htwe
U Than Lwin is a member of the NLD Mandalay Division Organizing Committee,
after the ruling military junta released Daw Aung San Suu Kyi in May 2002 from
19 months of house arrest.U Than Lwin has a Bachelor of Science degree in
Agriculture. He worked as a teacher for 10 years and as an agriculture officer
for six years. He was imprisoned after a fire broke out while he was on duty as
a civil servant and his department subsequently lost money. He was arrested and
taken away by the Military Intelligence in early May 2000.He was accused of
threatening peace and stability.On
v
Name:
U Saw Shwe
Constituency: Mahlaing (1)
(Eligible Voters – 47,457; Votes Cast – 36,208;
Valid Votes – 32,891; Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 1936
Father: U Wai Lin Cho
U Saw Shwe is a member of the organising committee of the Mahlaing Township NLD
and was among the NLD representatives who boycotted the National Convention in
December 1995. From 1978-1985, he was a member of the Mahlaing Township
People’s Council. U Saw Shwe
received 19,595 valid votes as 60 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Maung Maung Myint
Constituency: Mahlaing (2)
(Eligible Voters – 47,296; Votes Cast – 35,018; Valid Votes – 29,389; Number of
Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 1 January 1941
Place of Birth: Maymyo
Parents:Ba Than and Daw Nwet
U Maung Maung Myint attended St. Elbert’s English High School and in 1961
graduated from Mandalay University in Science. He was imprisoned while serving
in Light Infantry Battalion 109 after he accidentally shot and killed a person,
and was released from Yamethin Prison in 1977. For the next three years he
worked as a council member of
v
Name:
Maj Maung Maung Myint (Retired)
Constituency: Meiktila (1)
(Eligible Voters – 89,460; Votes Cast – 65,622; Valid Votes – 56,951; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 22 September 1929
Place of Birth: Rangoon
Parents:U Ba Tin and Daw Tin
On 14 August 1997, the Election Commission announced that Maj. Maung Maung
Myint had resigned as an MP. It is understood that the SLORC used intimidation
to force him to resign. Maj Maung Maung Myint attended
v
Name:
Dr. Thein Lwin
Constituency: Meiktila (2)
(Eligible Voters – 82,376; Votes Cast – 53,819; Valid Votes – 46,567; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Parents:U Kan Yin and Daw Amar
Dr. Thein Lwin was among the NLD representatives who boycotted the National
Convention on
v
Name:
Daw May Hnin Kyi
Constituency: Mogok (1)
(Eligible Voters – 36,726; Votes Cast – 24,596; Valid Votes – 22,873; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 14 February 1948
Place of Birth: Mogok
Parents: U Aung Nyunt and Daw Htay
Daw May Hnin Kyi boycotted the National Convention on 28 December 1995 with
other NLD representatives. She attended
v
Name:
U Bo Hla Tint
Constituency: Mogok (2)
(Eligible Voters – 36,726; Votes Cast – 24,596; Valid Votes – 22,873; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 23 December 1957
Place of Birth: Mogok
Parents: U San Shein and Daw Ohn
U Bo Hla Tint was involved in the formation of the NCGUB and was Minister for
Construction, Mining and Energy as well as Finance Minister. During a cabinet
shake-up in July 1997, U Bo Hla Tint was appointed as the Minister for North
and South American Affairs. The Election Commission dismissed U Bo Hla Tint
from Parliament on
v
Name:
U Paw Khin
Constituency: Myingyan (1)
(Eligible Voters – 81,169; Votes Cast – 64,928;
Valid Votes – 59,943; Number of Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 12 February 1947
Place of Birth: Gawnkwe Village, Myingyan
Parents: U Htwe and Daw Thet Myaing
U Paw Khin is a member of the NLD Mandalay Division Organizing Committee, after
the ruling military junta released Daw Aung San Suu Kyi in May 2002 from 19
months of house arrest. He studied at Maymyo St. Elvert High School and
v
Name:
U Maung Maung Win (aka U Win Maung)
Constituency: Myingyan (2)
(Eligible Voters – 80,385; Votes Cast – 62,136; Valid Votes – 57,415; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth:
Parents: U Tin Maung and Daw Thein
U Maung Maung Win is an organiser for Myingyan Township NLD. He received a
Bachelor of Arts degree from
v
Name:
Daw Ohn Kyi
Constituency: Myittha (1)
(Eligible Voters – 40,971; Votes Cast – 34,695; Valid Votes – 29,520; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 25 February 1952
Place of Birth: Kyanna Village, Natogyi
Parents: U Pu and Daw Than Tin
Daw Ohn Kyi is a member of the Myittha Township NLD Organising Committee. She
was imprisoned in April 1991 under Penal
Code Article 122 (1) for attending a secret meeting in
v
Name:
Dr. Myo Myint
Constituency: Myittha (2)
(Eligible Voters – 42,882; Votes Cast – 35,283; Valid Votes – 29,741; Number of
Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 4 April 1954
Place of Birth: Kume Village, Myittha
Parents:U Nyunt Maung and Daw San
Dr. Myo Myint is a member of Myittha Township NLD Organising Committee, and on
16 June 1996 the Election Commission announced that he had resigned as an MP.
It is understood that the SLORC used intimidation to force Dr. Myo Myint to
resign. Dr. Myo Myint received a medical
degree from Mandalay Institute of Medicine in 1981 and was a member of BSPP
Youth at the Institute. He established his own clinic as soon as he finished
his study. Dr. Myo Myint received 18,129 valid votes as 61 % in the 1990
elections.
v Name:
U Pan Tha
Constituency: Natogyi (1)
Date of Birth: 31 January 1924
Place of Birth: Watlu Village, Natogyi
Parents: U Hla Yin and Daw Hla Gyi
U Pan Tha was the leader of a guerrilla force in northern Natogyi Township
during the Japanese occupation and worked for the Asia Youth Association from
1941-1945. He was also a member of the organising committee of the Communist
Party of Burma (CPB) from 1946-1948. On
v
Name: U Seinn Maung
Constituency: Natogyi (2)
(Eligible Voters – 53,780; Votes Cast – 38,887;
Valid Votes – 35,723; Number of Candidates – 7)
Parents: U Tun Sein and Daw Hla Yin
The Election Commission announced on 11 June 1996 that U Seinn Maung had
resigned as an MP. It is understood that the SLORC used intimidation to force
him to submit a letter of resignation to the Commission. U Seinn Maung is a
member of the Natogyi Township NLD and a former member of the Natogyi POCL. He studied tenth standard at
v
Name: U Maung Maung Aye
Constituency:
(Eligible Voters – 37,046; Votes Cast – 30,833; Valid Votes – 29,005; Number of
Candidates – 8)
Date of Birth:
Parents: U Hla Ngwe and Daw Ahmar
U Maung Maung Aye is the Minister for Health and Education in the NCGUB. He
refused to sign the SLORC’s Declaration 1/90 and was subsequently declared a
fugitive by the authorities. On
v
Name: Lt-Col Tin Aye (Retired)
Constituency:
(Eligible Voters – 38,885; Votes Cast – 30,746;
Valid Votes – 29,401; Number of Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth:
Place of Birth: Paungde
Parents: U Nyein and Daw Nyo Mael
Lt-Col Tin Aye is the chairman of Mandalay Division NLD. He was arrested in
January 1991 along with Col Thiha Thuya Soe Thein (Sagaing Division) and was
charged under Articles 5 (a), (b) and (j) of the 1950 Emergency Provision Act. He was sentenced to 12 years
imprisonment and was released from Insein Prison on
v
Name: U Tin Aung Aung
Constituency: Northwest Mandalay (1)
(Eligible Voters – 46,015; Votes Cast – 38,138;
Valid Votes – 36,630; Number of Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 23 June 1943
Father: U Hla Yin
U Tin Aung Aung is a member of the NLD Mandalay Division Organizing Committee,
after the ruling military junta released Daw Aung San Suu Kyi in May 2002 from
19 months of house arrest.U Tin Aung Aung is under detention after being
arrested for attending meetings in Mandalay in 1990 to form a provisional government. He was imprisoned under the Penal Code Article 122 (1) and sentenced
to 25 years imprisonment. On
v
Name: U Aung Soe
Constituency:
(Eligible Voters – 50,451; Votes Cast – 38,094; Valid Votes – 35,234; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 29 May 1949
Parents: U Ba Kyauk and Daw Saw Shwe
U Aung Soe graduated in Physics from
v
Name: U Cho
Constituency: Nyaung-U (1)
(Eligible Voters – 62,471; Votes Cast – 48,605; Valid Votes – 43,241; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1921
Place of Birth: Nyaung-U
Parents:U Ba Shwe and Daw Mya Ohn
U Cho is a member of Nyaung-U Township NLD Organising Committee. As a student,
he was actively involved in the Asia Youth Association and the Oil Workers’
Association. He worked as a school teacher, a supply and oil officer, an
assistant officer with the air force and as a deputy sub-inspector of police.
He spent 30 years in the police force, and retired in 1981 as
v
Name: U Pe Tin
Constituency: Nyaung-U
(2)
(Eligible Voters – 62,910; Votes Cast – 45,294; Valid Votes – 40,648; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 27 July 1927
Place of Birth: Nattalin
Parents: U Tin and Daw Hla Pu
U Pe Tin is a member of the Nyaung-U Township NLD Organising Committee. He was
among the NLD representatives who boycotted the National Convention on
v
Name: U San Nyunt Wai
Constituency: Patheingyi
(1)
(Eligible Voters – 36,244; Votes Cast – 27,769; Valid Votes – 24,662; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 5 September 1952
Place of Birth: Kyauk Padaung
Parents: U Aye and Daw Saw Shwe
U San Nyunt Wai is a member of the Patheingyi Township NLD Organising
Committee. He was a first year student when he left
v
Name: Lt-Col San Hla Baw (Retired)
Constituency: Patheingyi (2)
(Eligible Voters – 34,087; Votes Cast – 27,070;
Valid Votes – 24,014; Number of Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 28 October 1928
Place of Birth: Moulmein
Father: U Kyaw Shein
Lt-Col San Hla Baw was chairman of Mandalay Division POCL when the party was
banned in 1992 and is a Central Committee member of the NLD. He was among the
NLD representatives who boycotted the National Convention on
v
Name: U Khin Maung Nyo
Constituency: Pyawbwe
(1)
(Eligible Voters – 63,462; Votes Cast – 49,801;
Valid Votes – 45,075; Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 2 May 1941
Place of Birth: Shawphyugone Village, Pyawbwe
Parents:U Thaung Pe and Daw Thaung Tin
U Khin Maung Nyo is an organiser and treasurer of Pyawbwe Township NLD. He was
part of the NLD boycott of the National Convention in December 1995. He studied
until he reached tenth standard at Pyawbwe State High School No.(1). U Khin
Maung Nyo received 25,272 valid votes or 56 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U Hla Pe
Constituency: Pyawbwe (2)
(Eligible Voters – 61,031; Votes Cast – 43,280; Valid Votes – 36,739; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 6 June 1949
Place of Birth: Zeephyugone Village, Pawbwe
Parents: U Toe Khin and Daw Saw Mya
U Hla Pe was murdered in Bangkok, Thailand, in June 1993. He was a founding
member of the NCGUB and held the Education, Health and Information portfolios
before the cabinet was reshuffled in April 1991. U Hla Pe’s body was found in
Samut Prakarn, 100 km from Bangkok.He had been shot twice through the head.It
is reported that U Hla Pe was last seen alive at the Morakot Hotel in the
company of Limbin. After U Hla Pe was missed, U Peter Limbin was assigned to
investigate but failed to find any clues. U Peter Limbin then left for
v
Name: U Tint Lwin
Constituency: Pyinmana (1)
(Eligible Voters – 67,814; Votes Cast – 51,240; Valid Votes – 44,935; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 1945
Place of Birth: Pyinmana
Parents: U Bo Gyi and Daw Khin Mya
U Tint Lwin is a member of the Pyinmana NLD Township Organising Committee, and
on 12 June 1996, the Election Commission announced that he had resigned as an
MP. It is understood that the SLORC used intimidation to force him to resign. U
Tint Lwin passed tenth standard and operated his own sugar business. U Tint
Lwin received 31,681 valid votes or 71 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U Kyaw
Constituency: Pyinmana (2)
(Eligible Voters – 72,283; Votes Cast – 53,218; Valid Votes – 48,082; Number of
Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 9 February 1937
Place of Birth: Pyinmana
Parents:U Phyu and Daw Saw Yin
U Kyaw is a member of the Pyinmana Township National League for Democracy
Organising Committee. He received an Arts degree from
v
Name:
U Hla Saw Oo
Constituency: Pyin Oo Lwin (1)
(Eligible Voters – 38,050; Votes Cast – 35,018; Valid Votes – 29,389; Number of
Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 1924
Parents: U Kyaw Hla Aung and Daw San Mya Khine
The Election Commission announced on 7 June 1996 that U Saw Hla Oo had resigned
as an MP. It is understood that the SLORC used intimidation to force him to
resign. U Hla Saw Oo is a High Court advocate and was among the NLD
representatives who boycotted the National Convention in December 1995. He
received a Bachelor of Science degree and a Bachelor of Law degree from
v
Name: Dr. Soe Myint
Constituency: Singaing (1)
(Eligible Voters – 31,808; Votes Cast – 27,285; Valid Votes – 24,641; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 12 July 1946
Parents:U Than Shwe and Daw Ohn May
Dr. Soe Myint attended Kyaukse State High School and in 1972 received a medical degree from Mandalay Institute
of Medicine. He did his medical internship at the Maymyo Military Hospital
No.(1) and then operated his own clinic from 1981-1988. In 1982 he became the
chairman of the Burmese Herbal Medicine Association.Dr.Soe Myint received
18,461 valid votes or 75 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: Dr. Hla Soe Nyunt
Constituency: Singaing (2)
(Eligible Voters – 29,359; Votes Cast – 24,802; Valid Votes – 22,379; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 11 September 1957
Place of Birth: Mandalay
Parents: U Han Nyunt and Daw Chit Chit
Dr. Hla Soe Nyunt is a member of the Mandalay Division NLD Organising
Committee, after the ruling military junta released Daw Aung San Suu Kyi in May
2002 from 19 months house arrest. He received a medical degree from Mandalay
Institute of Medicine in 1983 and established his own clinic. Dr. Hla Soe Nyunt
received 15,458 valid votes or 69 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U Saw Htay
Constituency: Singu
(Eligible Voters – 53,674; Votes Cast – 43,454; Valid Votes – 41,568; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 7 April 1934
Parents: U Ba Din and Daw Zin
U Saw Htay is Vive-Chairman of the NLD Mandalay Division Organizing Committee,
after the ruling military junta released Daw Aung San Suu Kyi in May 2002 from
19 months of house arrest. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree in Education
in 1962 and a Bachelor of Education degree in 1966 from Rangoon Institute of
Education. From 1957-1972 he worked as a high school teacher and was in charge
of the Singu Township Education Department. He was also the principal of
v
Name: U Tin Nyunt (aka U Htin Kyaw)
Constituency: Southeast Mandalay (1)
(Eligible Voters – 46,419; Votes Cast – 39,253; Valid Votes – 36,910; Number of
Candidates – 8)
Date of Birth: 5 November 1937
Father: U Hla Maung
U Tin Nyunt received a Bachelor of Arts degree and a Master of Arts degree from
Delhi University in India. He worked as an apprentice for the All India Radio
Burmese Program in
v
Name:
U Ohn Kyaing (Aung Wint)
Constituency: Southeast Mandalay (2)
(Eligible Voters – 58,988; Votes Cast – 46,326; Valid Votes – 43,002; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 2 July 1944
Place of Birth: Maulmein Kyune
Parents: U Ba Shin and Daw Sein
U Ohn Kyaing is still under detention in Insein prison after being
arrested under the 1950 Emergency
Provisions Act Articles 5 (a) (b) and (j) for refusing to sign the SLORC’s
Declaration No. 1/90. On
v
Name: Dr. Soe Lin
Constituency: Southwest Mandalay (1)
(Eligible Voters – 42,680; Votes Cast – 33,723; Valid Votes – 32,313; Number of
Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 1 May 1953
Place of Birth: Mandalay
Parents: U Than Pe and Daw Ohn Sein
Dr. Soe Lin was imprisoned under Penal
Code Article 122 (1) for attending meetings in Mandalay in 1990 to form a
provisional government and making
arrangements for the representatives who attended the meetings. On
v
Name: U Thein Oo
Constituency: Southwest Mandalay (2)
(Eligible Voters – 50,624; Votes Cast – 38,667; Valid Votes – 37,009; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 27 May 1955
Place of Birth: Mandalay
Parents: U Tin Maung and Daw Hla Mying
U Thein Oo is one of the founders of the NCGUB and was appointed the
coalition’s Justice Minister in 1990. He is a former secretary of the NLD-LA
and is chairman of the Thailand-based Burma Lawyers’ Council. He participated
in the meetings held in
v
Name: U Ayar
Constituency: Tada-U (1)
(Eligible Voters – 37,804; Votes Cast – 28,712; Valid Votes – 24,942; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1 October 1920
Parents: U Po Wun
During the 1938 general strike, U Ayar was a strike leader and chairman of
Tada-U Township Students’ Union. He was also a member of the Burma Independence
Army (BIA), and a private in Burma Defence Army (BDA) Battalion (1). He was a bodyguard of Gen Aung
San and after his assassination, U Ayar worked as a school teacher. U Ayar
received 16,686 valid votes or 67 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U Than Ni
Constituency: Tada-U (2)
(Eligible Voters – 37,967; Votes Cast – 30,525; Valid Votes – 25,897;
Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 25 March 1931
Place of Birth: Tada-U
Parents: U Tha Shan
U Than Ni is a member of the Tada-U Township NLD Organising Committee. He
received a Bachelor of Arts degree in Education in 1964 and a Bachelor of
Education degree in 1970. He has worked as a teacher and a principal from 1954-1979
and was a student leader at
v
Name: U Wam Maung
Constituency: Tatkon (1)
(Eligible Voters – 53,097; Votes Cast – 41,960; Valid Votes – 38,092; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth:
Parents: U Hla and Daw Saw Hla
U Wam Maung is a member of the Tatkon NLD Organising Committee. He studied
until tenth standard and works as a horticulturist. During the 1988 uprising he
organised demonstrations in 64 villages in his district. U Wam Maung received
25,422 valid votes or 67 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U Win Hlaing
Constituency: Tatkon (2)
(Eligible Voters – 53,515; Votes Cast – 41,886; Valid Votes – 36,312; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 27 November 1963
Place of Birth: Simamkanethit Chaung Village, Kalay Wa
Parents: U Aung Tun
U Win Hlaing was arrested in 1990. Following the 1990 election, U Win Hlaing was
responsible for implementing the youth strategies contained in the NLD’s Three
Ways to Attain Power (3 Strategies Paper) which was compiled in case the
SLORC refused to hand over power. U Win Hlaing was arrested by the MIS and
charged under the 1950 Emergency
Provision Act Articles 5 (a), (b) and (j) and sent to prison. The Election
Commission dismissed him as a Member of Parliament on
v
Name: Lt-Col Chit Khaing (Retired)
Constituency: Taungtha (1)
(Eligible Voters – 62,509; Votes Cast – 47,853; Valid Votes – 44,393; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 7 November 1921
Place of Birth: Thaput Su Village, Taungtha
Parents: U Shwe Oo
Lt-Col Chit Khaing recently passed away. He was arrested in September 1990 for
his role in writing the
v
Name: U Than Tun
Constituency: Taungtha (2)
(Eligible Voters – 63,115; Votes Cast – 47,343; Valid Votes – 42,749;
Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1921
Father: U Hpo Min
U Than Tun is a Central Executive Committee member of the NLD and was among the
NLD representatives who boycotted the National Convention on 28 December 1995.
U Than Tun was a member of the Myingyan Student Union from 1937-1941, and from
1942-1946 worked for the BIA in Myingyan District. He was also the secretary of
Myingyan District AFPFL from 1946-1953.
U Than Tun was elected to the Constituent Assembly in 1947, and later
became a Member of Parliament and a Parliamentary Secretary. From 1953-1962 he
was the secretary of the Trade Union Confederation of Burma and he became a
member of the BSPP in 1964. U Than Tun was put under
de facto house arrest on
v
Name: U Maw
Constituency: Thabeikkyin
(Eligible Voters – 34,787; Votes Cast – 23,071; Valid Votes – 29,835; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth:
Place of Birth:
Father: U Tha Jum
U Maw passed away on
v
Name: U Thein Maung
Constituency: Thazi (1)
(Eligible Voters – 45,868; Votes Cast – 38,484; Valid Votes – 34,499; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 13 August 1943
Place of Birth: Hanzar Village, Thazi
Parents: U San Kyuu and Daw Hlelt
U Thein Maung graduated in Philosophy from Rangoon University and has worked as
a secondary school teacher and an auditor. He resigned from the BSPP in 1986. U
Thein Maung received 21,050 valid votes or 61 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U Maung Maung Lay
Constituency: Thazi (2)
(Eligible Voters – 46,564; Votes Cast – 36,372; Valid Votes – 33,130; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 24 February 1949
Place of Birth: Thazi
Parents: U Saw Aye Cho and Daw Khin Kyi
U Maung Maung Lay received a degree in Geography from Mandalay University in
1970. From 1971-1978, he was a member of the Trade Co-operative in Kalaw and
Thazi and was in charge of the Nam San Trade Co-operative from 1987-1988. He
resigned as a government servant on
v
Name: Dr. Thaung Tin
Constituency: Wundwin (1)
(Eligible Voters – 56,395; Votes Cast – 44,474;
Valid Votes – 40,552; Number of Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 24 June 1949
Place of Birth: Shautaw Village, Pwint Phyu Township
Parents: U Mya Thaung and Daw Khin
On 25 February 1997, the Election Commission announced that Dr. Thaung Tin had
resigned as an MP. It is understood that the SLORC used intimidation to force
him to resign. Dr. Thaung Tin received a medical degree from Rangoon Institute
of Medicine in 1975 and was the senior doctor at
v
Name: U Hla Aung
Constituency: Wundwin (2)
(Eligible Voters – 58,081; Votes Cast – 47,263; Valid Votes – 44,486; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 27 December 1941
Place of Birth: Pyidawtha Village, Wundwin
Parents: U Aye Maung and Daw Aye Kyi
U Hla Aung is the Wundwin Township NLD organiser. He attended
v
Name: U Maung Maung Myint
Constituency: Yamethin (1)
(Eligible Voters – 55,779; Votes Cast – 45,228; Valid Votes – 40,579; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 3 May 1942
Place of Birth: Yamethin
Parents: U Aung Tin and Daw Tin Nyunt
U Maung Maung Myint is the treasurer of Yamethin NLD. On
v
Name: U Maung Maung Than
Constituency: Yamethin (2)
(Eligible Voters – 54,319; Votes Cast – 41,270; Valid Votes – 36,575; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 31 August 1950
Place of Birth: Tha Si
Father: U Sein
U Maung Maung Than is Joint Secretary of the Mandalay Division NLD Organizing
Committee, after the ruling military junta released Daw Aung San Suu Kyi in May
2002 from 19 months house arrest.U Maung Maung Than was part of the NLD boycott
of the National Convention on 28 December 1995. He passed tenth standard from
INDEPENDENT
Name:
U Peter Limbin
Constituency: Pyin Oo Lwin (2)
(Eligible Voters – 39,296; Votes Cast – 27,749; Valid Votes – 22,806; Number of
Candidates – 8)
Date of Birth:
Parents: U Linbin Htate Tin Latt
U Peter Limbin currently lives in exile in the
|
Location: Bordering Pegu Division in the south of Sittaung River Mouth,
Karen State in the east, Thailand and Tenasserim Division in the south and
Andaman Sea and Gulf of Mottama in the West, Mon state is situated between latitudes
14°52' north and 17°32 ' north and east longitudes 96° 51 ' east and 98° 13 '
east. The area is 4,747.8 sq-miles.
Climate:
Population, inhabitant, languages and
religion: Majority of inhabitants are
Formation of districts, townships and
villages: The total area of
`NATIONAL LEAGUE FOR DEMOCRACY
(NLD)
v
Name:
U Maung Maung Latt
Constituency: Bilin (1)
(Eligible Voters – 42,507; Votes Cast – 27,976; Valid Votes – 23,879; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 9 September 1947
Father: U Tun Sein
U Maung Maung Latt is secretary of the Members of Parliament Union (MPU). He
has a Bachelor of Arts (Law) degree and a Bachelor of Law degree from
v
Name: U
Maung Maung
Constituency: Bilin (2)
(Eligible Voters – 38,462; Votes Cast – 24,426; Valid Votes – 20,772; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 1930
Place of Birth: Maymyo
Father: U Mya
U Maung Maung joined the NLD and the POCL in 1988. He became a member of the
central committee of the POCL as well as secretary of the POCL Administrative
Section. He boycotted the SLORC’s National Convention with other NLD
representatives on
v
Name: U
Aung Kyi Nyunt
Constituency: Chaungzon (1)
(Eligible Voters – 36,762; Votes Cast – 27,043; Valid Votes – 23,272; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 8 September 1951
Place of Birth: Tatkone, Mandalay Division
Father: U Tin Myint
The Election Commission dismissed U Aung Kyi Nyunt from Parliament on 9
December 1992. He was tried and imprisoned by the SLORC under Article 436 and
109 of the Penal Code and has since
been released from prison. U Aung Kyi Nyunt became a higher grade pleader in
1973 and received a degree in Agriculture in 1975. He started working as a High
Court advocate in 1977. U Aung Kyi Nyunt received 10,344 valid votes or 44 % in
the 1990 elections.
v
Name: Daw
Khin Htay Kywe
Constituency: Chaungzon (2)
(Eligible Voters – 35,547; Votes Cast – 27,076; Valid Votes – 22,758; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 16 November 1946
Place of Birth: Muyitkalay Village, Chaungzon
Father: U Kunpa
Daw Khin Htay Kywe attended Tamwe State High School No. 3 and in 1970 graduated
in Zoology from Rangoon Arts and Science University. She worked as a lawyer
after passing the higher grade pleader exam in 1978. Daw Khin Htay Kywe
received 18,307 valid votes as 80 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U
Myint Thein
Constituency: Kyaikmayaw (1)
(Eligible Voters – 39,948; Votes Cast – 24,640;
Valid Votes – 19,968; Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 1947
Place of Birth: Nganzon, Sagaing Division
Father: U Aung Kyi
U Myint Thein received a Bachelor of Commerce degree in 1968 and started
working for the Co-operative Ministry in
1970. He worked as a township co-operative officer in Thaton, Madaya, Hsi
Hseng, Taunggyi, Butalin, Seikkan and
v
Name: U
Ye Htut
Constituency: Kyaikto (1)
(Eligible Voters – 39,706; Votes Cast – 28,819; Valid Votes – 24,657; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 21 April 1922
Father: U Pe Khin
U Ye Htut is a Central Executive Committee member of the NLD as well as a member of the Mon State
NLD Organising Committee.During the Japanese occupation, U Ye Htut was involved
in the BIA and the BDA and was in charge of the Mergui Organising Committee of
the Asian Youth Association. He received a Science degree in 1952 and worked as
a chemistry teacher. He also served as the AFPFL Tenasserim Division commander
in 1963, and in 1969 he received a Bachelor of Arts degree majoring in Law and
started working as a High Court advocate in 1971. U Ye Htut received 16,281
valid votes as 66 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
Dr. Aye Zan
Constituency: Kyaikto (2)
(Eligible Voters – 34,295; Votes Cast – 24,767; Valid Votes – 22,244; Number of
Candidates – 2)
Date of Birth: 1954
Place of Birth: Mudon
Father: U Kyaw Zan
Dr. Aye Zan received a medical degree from Rangoon Institute of Medicine in
1979. He opened a clinic in Mudon and another in Kyaikto in April 1989. Dr. Aye
Zan received 15,978 valid votes as 72 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: Col
Lun Tin (Retired)
Constituency: Moulmein (1)
(Eligible Voters – 80,530; Votes Cast – 56,653; Valid Votes – 51,265; Number of Candidates –
8)
Date of Birth: 1 February 1921
Place of Birth: Kawnut Village
Parents: U Tun Lin and Daw Thein May
Col Lun Tin joined the NLD after the SLORC coup in September 1988. He is a
former Central Executive Committee member of the Patriotic Old Comrades League
(POCL) and is currently a Central Committee member of the NLD. On
v
Name: U
Chan Aye (Maung Susan)
Constituency: Moulmein (2)
(Eligible Voters – 75,679; Votes Cast – 54,573; Valid Votes – 49,874; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 24 September 1927
Place of Birth: Pyinmana
Parents: U Hlaing and Daw Sein
After the 1988 uprising, U Chan Aye joined the NLD as a Central Executive
Committee member and was appointed chief organiser for Mon state. In May 1991
he was imprisoned under the 1950
Emergency Provision Act Article 5 (j) for his involvement in the NLD’s
v
Name: Daw
Tin Saw Oo
Constituency: Mudon (1)
(Eligible Voters – 60,187; Votes Cast – 41,916; Valid Votes – 37,794; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth:
Place of Birth: Nyaung Wyne, Mudon
Parents: U Hla Shwe and Daw Ngwe Ye
Daw Tin Saw Oo passed away on
v
Name: U
Nyan Win
Constituency: Paung (1)
(Eligible Voters – 56,187; Votes Cast – 41,116; Valid Votes – 36,287;
Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1942
Place of Birth: Kyaikhame
Parents: U Chein Pe and Daw Ye
U Nyan Win studied Moulmein Regional College, Mandalay University and Rangoon
University from 1960-1968 and received a Bachelor of Arts (Law) degree and a
Bachelor of Law degree. He worked as a High Court advocate from 1970-1973 and
started working as a government prosecutor in 1973. He retired as a government
prosecutor in November 1988 but is still working as High Court advocate. U Nyan
Win received 20,032 valid votes as 55 % in elections.
v
Name: U
Nai Thaung Nyunt
Constituency: Paung (2)
(Eligible Voters – 57,566; Votes Cast – 41,348;
Valid Votes – 35,931; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 31 July 1934
Place of Birth: Paung
Father: U Boe That
Nai Thaung Nyunt studied at Paung State High School until he reached tenth
standard. He served with the Paung Township AFPFL and the All Burma Peasants
Association, and in 1965 was the secretary of the Paung Township Committee for
the Protection of the Socialist Economy. He was the chairman of the Paung
Township BSPP Party Unit from 1978-1985 and retired from the BSPP in May 1986.
U Nai Thaung Nyunt received 21,242 valid votes as 59 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U
Maung Maung Gyi
Constituency: Thanbyuzayat (1)
(Eligible Voters – 37,004; Votes Cast – 27,185;
Valid Votes – 24,156; Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 1 April 1920
Place of Birth: Moulmein
Father: U Boe Sein
U Maung Maung Gyi boycotted the National Convention with other NLD
representatives in December 1995. He attended
v
Name: U
Khun Myint Tun
Constituency: Thaton (1)
(Eligible Voters – 59,033; Votes Cast – 36,755;
Valid Votes – 32,815; Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 12 January 1963
Place of Birth: Theinseik Village, Thaton
Parents: U Hpon Khin and Daw Khin Aye
U Khun Myint Tun was arrested by the SLORC in May 1996 with 19 other people,
including U Do Htaung (MP, Kale-1, Sagaing Division). He was accused of
contacting Dr. Tint Swe of the India-based NLD-LA and was charged with
disturbing the state’s peace and stability and sentenced to seven years
jail. Later the SLORC found out that U Khun
Myint Tun had met with a journalist from the Australian Broadcasting
Corporation in April 1996 at Daw Aung San Suu Kyi’s house and that he had given
the journalist a video cassette of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi’s weekly speeches. U
Khun Myint Tun was then sentenced to an additional three years for breaching
the 1985 Video Act, along with U Kyaw
Khin (MP, Taunggyi-1, Shan State).Khun Myint Tun graduated in Geology from
Rangoon University in 1983. After he finished studying he ran his own business
with his parents and worked as an assistant teacher. He is still remain
behind bars. U Khun Myint Tun received 25,075 valid votes as 76 % in the
1990 elections.
v
Name: U
Than Maung
Constituency: Thaton (2)
(Eligible Voters – 63,217; Votes Cast – 41,316;
Valid Votes – 36,704; Number of Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 20 November 1927
Place of Birth: Aungban, Shan State
Parents: U Pyant and Daw Tint
On 5 July 1996, the Election Commission announced that U Than Maung had
resigned as an MP. It is understood that the SLORC used intimidation to force
him to resign. Prior to his resignation U Than Maung was a member of the Thaton
Township NLD Organising Committee. He was also
v
Name: Dr.
Kyin Thein
Constituency: Ye (2)
(Eligible Voters – 33,834; Votes Cast – 23,329;
Valid Votes – 21,391; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 12 November 1941
Place of Birth: Pyinkato Village, Tonte
Parents: U Ba Ngwe and Daw Hla Tin
The Election Commission announced on 1 July 1996 that Dr. Kyin Thein had
resigned as an MP, and it is understood that the SLORC used intimidation to
force him to resign. Dr. Kyin Thein received his medical degree from Rangoon
Institute of Medicine in 1968, and in 1969 began working as a doctor at
MON
NATIONAL DEMOCRATIC FRONT (MNDF)
v
Name: U
Min Khin Maung (a) Nai Khin Maung
Constituency: Kyeikmayaw (2)
(Eligible Voters – 44,824; Votes Cast – 32,550; Valid Votes – 27,517; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth:
Parents: Nai Lun Khine and Mi Mya Chit
Education: B.Sc.(Engg.) Mech
Nai Khin Maung was a Central Committee member of the Mon National Democratic
Front (MNDF) and a member of the United Nationalities League for Democracy
(UNLD) presidium before the SLORC banned the MNDF on
v
Name: Dr.
Min Kyi Win
Constituency: Mudon (2)
(Eligible Voters – 58,218; Votes Cast – 42,377;
Valid Votes – 36,926; Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 29 June 1952
Parents: U Kyaw Naing and Daw Saw Shein
Dr. Min Kyi Win was the deputy secretary (1) of the Mon National Democratic
Front (MNDF) when the SLORC banned the party in 1992. He graduated from Rangoon
Institute of Medicine in 1980 and operated his own clinic in Mudon. He was
arrested on 1st Semtember 1998 and sentenced to seven years imprisonment
under the 1950 Emergency Provision Act. He is still under detention. Dr.
Min Kyi Win received 24,430 valid votes as 66 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: Nai
Tun Thein
Constituency: Thanbyuzayat (2)
Date of Birth:
Father: U Aung Doon
Nai Tun Thein became an independent after the SLORC banned the Mon National
Democratic Front (MNDF) in 1992 while he was party chairman. He received a Bachelor of Science
degree in 1945 and was arrested by the Revolutionary Council in 1963 and
detained in Moulmein Prison for six years.
v
Name: Dr.
Min Soe Lin
Constituency: Ye (1)
(Eligible Voters – 47,746; Votes Cast – 28,198; Valid Votes – 24,429; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 31 August 1957
Place of Birth: Kawdon, Ye
Father: U Tha Khin
The SLORC arrested Dr. Min Soe Lin in Mudon, Mon State, on 6 November 1997. He
was charged under Article 5 (j) of the 1950
Emergency Provision Act and was released from detention after a few weeks.
The reason for Dr. Min Soe Lin’s arrest was his role in organising celebrations
for the 50th Mon National Day on
|
Location:
Climate:
Population, inhabitants languages and religion:
It is a sparsely populated area as its mountainous landscape is covered by
thick forests. Its population is over 2.6 million and Sittway is the most
populous town in the state. Arakans and Bamars live in valleys and on Yambye
and Manaung islands. Chills are inhabitants of mountain regions of the north.
Mros, Thets, Khamis, Dainets, Maramagyis and Kamans live on mountain ranges in
the west and north of Sittway plain. The majority of people are Buddhists. Main
languages are Arakanese and Burmese.
Formation of districts, townships and villages: The total area of
NATIONAL
LEAGUE FOR DEMOCRACY (NLD)
v
Name:
U Nay Win
Constituency: An
(Eligible Voters – 46,770; Votes Cast – 26,081;
Valid Votes – 19,945; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1946
Place of Birth: An
Parents: U Ne Oo and Daw Ma Thaung
The Election Commission announced on 24 July 1997 that U Nay Win had resigned
as an MP. It is understood that the SLORC used intimidation to force him to
resign. U Nay Win attended An High School from 1963-1979 and studied psychology
at university, graduating in 1984. U Nay Win received 13,379 valid votes as 67
% in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U
Nyi Pu
Constituency: Gwa
(Eligible Voters – 36,589; Votes Cast – 27,363; Valid Votes – 22,461; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 10 April 1955
Place of Birth: Rakhine Gwin Village
Parent: U Tun Pe and Daw Mya Oo
U Nyi Pu is the secretary of Gwa Township NLD. He graduated in Law from
v
Name: U
Hsan Maung
Constituency: Kyaukpyu (1)
(Eligible Voters – 38,660; Votes Cast – 26,831; Valid Votes – 21,834; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 11 November 1926
Place of Birth: Kyaukpyu
Father: U Tha Tun San
U Hsan Maung attended Kyaukpyu State High School, passing tenth standard in
1946. He then joined the air force and later the army, and was awarded Best
Cadet at
v
Name: U
Tin Gyi
Constituency: Kyaukpyu (2)
(Eligible Voters – 39,697; Votes Cast – 27,439; Valid Votes – 20,958; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Father: U Saw Tun Oo
The Election Commission announced on 5 August 1997 that U Tin Gyi had resigned
as an MP. It is understood that the SLORC used intimidation to force him to
resign. U Tin Gyi took part in the August 1988 pro-democracy uprising and is
currently the treasurer of the Kyaukpyu Township NLD. He studied at
v
Name: U
Thein Maung
Constituency: Manaung
(Eligible Voters – 42,170; Votes Cast – 32,996; Valid Votes – 27,161; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 1951
Father: U Ngan Htee Aung
U Thein Maung is the secretary of the Manaung Township NLD. He boycotted the
National Convention along with other NLD representatives on
v
Name: U
Mya Maung
Constituency: Ramree
(Eligible Voters – 59,883; Votes Cast – 42,095; Valid Votes – 35,656; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 4 July 1938
Parents: U Phoe Tin and Daw Saw Mya Oo
U Mya Maung is a member of the Arakan State NLD Organising Committee and the
chairman of Ramree Township NLD. He finished school at
v
Name: U
Maung Kywin Aung
Constituency: Rathedaung (1)
(Eligible Voters – 35,108; Votes Cast – 25,118; Valid Votes – 19,626; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 4 December 1944
Place of Birth: Myinkan Nyaung Village, Rathedaung
Parents: U Kyaw Zan Aung and Daw Hla Naw Oo
U Maung Kywin Aung is the secretary of Rathedaung Township NLD. The SLORC
pressured him to resign from the NLD, however he refused and as a result
charged him and his family with criminal offences. It is not known what has
happened to the family since. U Maung Kywin Aung left school when he reached
ninth standard and currently works as a trader. He was a part of the NLD
boycotted of the SLORC’s National Convention on
v
Name: U
Kyaw Khaing
Constituency: Taungup
(Eligible Voters – 63,319; Votes Cast – 42,904; Valid Votes – 35,740; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 23 May 1923
Place of Birth: Taungup
Parents: U Aung Ba and Daw Hlaing
U Kyaw Khaing studied at school until he passed tenth standard. He was in charge
of
v
Name: U
Tun Yi
Constituency: Sandoway (Thandwe)
(Eligible Voters – 67,679; Votes Cast – 53,390; Valid Votes – 46,402; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 17 September 1947
Parents: U Ohn Pe and Daw Sein Ei
The Election Commission announced on 22 August 1997 that U Tun Yi had resigned
as an MP. It is understood that the SLORC used intimidation to force him to
resign. U Tun Yi is a member of the NLD Central Committee and was part of the
mass NLD boycott of the SLORC’s National Convention in December 1995. He graduated from
ARAKAN LEAGUE FOR DEMOCRACY (ALD)
v
Name: Dr.
Tun Aye
Constituency: Kyauktaw (1)
(Eligible Voters – 48,809; Votes Cast – 35,172; Valid Votes – 27,620; Number of
Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 10 January 1954
Place of Birth: Auk Ywarpine Ward, Minpya
Parents: U Thaukyar and Daw Ma Khine
Dr. Tun Aye is Secretary (1) of the Arakan League for Democracy which the
Election Commission banned on 6 March 1992. He was a student at Rangoon Medical
Institute when he became involved in the June 1975 demonstration and the BSPP
government imprisoned him for 140 days. He then continued his studies and
received a medical degree in 1980. Dr. Tun Aye worked at the
v
Name: U
Maung Myint
Constituency: Minpya (1)
(Eligible Voters – 40,237; Votes Cast – 27,084; Valid Votes – 22,286; Number of
Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 16 November 1938
Place of Birth: Ramree
Parents: U Nyo Chan Aung and Daw Hnin Pu
U Maung Myint is a lawyer and chairman of the Minpya Township Arakan League for
Democracy. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree in History from
v
Name: U
Tun Win
Constituency: Minpya (2)
(Eligible Voters – 37,764; Votes Cast – 25,233; Valid Votes – 20,431; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 1 October 1941
Place of Birth: Minpya
Parents: U Ba San and Daw Thein May
U Tun Win is a writer and has written under the pen names of Pyin Tun Win (B.A.
- Da Ma Sa Riya), Tun Win (Rangoon University) and University Khine Zar Win. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree
at
v
Name: U
Saw Mra Aung
Constituency: Mrauk-U (1)
(Eligible Voters – 43,550; Votes Cast – 33,173; Valid Votes – 27,900; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 23 April 1908
Place of Birth: Mrauk-U
Parents: U Saw Hla Aung and Daw Than San
The SLORC banned the Arakan League for Democracy (ALD) when U Saw Mra Aung was
chairman of the party. U Saw Mra Aung studied medicine until 1942 when World
War II broke out and he received his medical degree in 1947 in
v
Name: U
Aung Hla Zan
Constituency: Mrauk-U (2)
(Eligible Voters – 44,524; Votes Cast – 32,026; Valid Votes – 27,200; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 19 September 1927
Place of Birth: Mrauk-U
Parents: U Chit Saw Oo and Daw San Tha Phyu
U Aung Hla Zan has a Bachelor of Commerce degree from the Institute of
Economics in Rangoon. In 1952 he began working as the principal of
v
Name: U
Pru Sein Oo
Constituency: Myebon
(Eligible Voters – 45,361; Votes Cast – 31,221; Valid Votes – 25,031; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 3 March 1934
Father: U Maung Pru
U Pru Sein Oo received a Bachelor of Arts degree in Burmese in 1967 and a
Diploma of Education in 1978-79. He began working as a teacher in 1967 and
received a medical pension in 1988. U Pru Sein Oo received 10,763 valid votes
or 43 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U
Ba Than
Constituency: Pauktaw (1)
(Eligible Voters – 31,257; Votes Cast – 20,294; Valid Votes – 15,356; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth:
Father: U Kyaw Zan Oo
U Ba Than is chairman of Pauktaw Township ALD. He passed tenth standard from
v
Name: U
Saw Tun Sein
Constituency: Pauktaw (2)
(Eligible Voters – 29,819; Votes Cast – 15,376; Valid Votes – 10,857; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 1 November 1957
Parents: U Tun Hla Phyu and Daw Pan Khine
U Saw Tun Sein is an advocate at the High Court in Rangoon and is the secretary
of the Arakan League for Democracy (ALD). U Saw Tun Sein received a Diploma of
Mechanics in 1978 and a Bachelor of Arts (Law) degree from
v
Name: U
Aung Tun Sein
Constituency: Ponnagyun
(Eligible Voters – 54,968; Votes Cast – 44,396; Valid Votes – 37,311; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 31 October 1949
Place of Birth: Sittwe
Parents: U Saw Hla Oo and Daw Saw Tha
|After receiving a Bachelor of Science degree majoring in Chemistry, U Aung Tun
Sein worked as a tutor for the Yatkan State High School and later as an
accountant at the Sittwe Shipping Corporation. He also graduated from the
Aryubayda Holistic Medicine Institute and currently works as an holistic
doctor. U Aung Tun Sein received 14,251 valid votes or 38 % in the 1990
elections.
v
Name: U
Tha Noe
Constituency: Rathedaung (2)
(Eligible Voters – 33,843; Votes Cast – 23,629; Valid Votes – 18,910; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Parents: U Koung San Shwe and Daw Hnin Tha Phyu
Date of Birth: 25 May 1934
U Tha Noe is currently the Social Welfare and Development Minister of the
NCGUB. He joined the NCGUB in 1995 and on 27 July that year he was appointed
the coalition’s Labour Minister. U Tha Noe studied at
v
Name: U
San Tun (aka U Lu Pru)
Constituency: Akyab / Sittway (2)
Date of Birth: 15 September 1925
Parents: U Mya Oo and Daw San Hla Phyu
U San Tun was studying ninth standard at Rangoon Government High School in 1942
when World War II broke out. He subsequently joined the BDA and was involved in
the Japanese resistance movement and later served as a sergeant major in the
PBF. He was awarded the Star of Independence and the Medal of Organisers of
Independence for his role in
KAMANS
NATIONAL LEAGUE FOR DEMOCRACY (KNLD)
v
Name: U
Shwe Ya
Constituency: Akyab / Sittway (1)
(Eligible Voters – 49,899; Votes Cast – 36,441; Valid Votes – 30,332; Number of
Candidates – 8)
Date of Birth:
Father: U Shwe Maung
The SLORC banned the KNLD on
MRO OR KHAMI NATIONAL SOLIDARITY
ORGANIZATION (MKNSO)
v
Name: U
San Tha Aung
Constituency: Kyauktaw (2)
(Eligible Voters – 49,307; Votes Cast – 36,757;
Valid Votes – 28,500; Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 28 January 1942
Father: U San Payint
U San Tha Aung founded the MKNSO on 22 December 1988 and is the chairman of the
party. He finished high school in 1963 and later worked as a primary school
teacher. He attended the BSPP’s Workers Affairs Training in 1974, and from
1973-1988 was a member of Kyauktaw Township People’s Council. U San Tha Aung
received 15,801 valid votes or 55 % in the 1990 elections.
NATIONAL
DEMOCRATIC PARTY FOR HUMAN RIGHTS (NDPHR)
v
Name: U
Kyaw Min (aka Marmaud Shaoshu Arnolgula Haud)
Constituency: Buthidaung (1)
(Eligible Voters – 58,449; Votes Cast – 46,065; Valid Votes – 41,668; Number of
Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 1953
Place of Birth: Migoung Zay Village, Buthidaung
Parents: U Phaw Zaw Rawman and Daw Layman Kha
The SLORC banned the NDPHR under order No. 8/92 on
v
Name: U
Tin Maung (aka Nur Ahmed)
Constituency: Buthidaung (2)
(Eligible Voters – 55,095; Votes Cast – 46,037; Valid Votes – 40,143; Number of
Candidates – 8)
Place of Birth: Phon Nyo Lake Village, Buthidaung
Father: U Shawmalote
U Tin Maung was the Chairman of the NDPHR when the SLORC banned the party in
1992. U Tin Maung studied Medic training from 1954-1956 and later worked as the
head of the Malaria Control Unit at the Medical Department in Buthidaung and
Sittwe. U Tin Maung received 20,045 valid votes or 50 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U
Ebrahim (aka U Chit Lwin)
Constituency: Maungdaw (1)
(Eligible Voters – 87,174; Votes Cast – 73,633; Valid Votes – 64,019; Number of
Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 1 June 1946
Place of Birth: Myothugyi Village, Maungdaw
Parents: Hargi U Sidi Armad and Daw Inbiharkatu
U Ebrahim was vice-chairman of the NDPHR when the SLORC banned the party in
1992. U Ebrahim received a Bachelor
of Commerce degree from
v
Name: U
Fazul Ahmed
Constituency: Maungdaw (2)
(Eligible Voters – 84,166; Votes Cast – 68,440; Valid Votes – 58,230; Number of
Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 1941
Place of Birth: Basuba Village, Maungdaw
Parents: U Maharmad Karlu and Daw Wu Mrai
U Fazul Ahmed finished high school in 1960 and later worked as a clerk at the
Mayu Border Deputy Commissioner’s Office and in various office jobs in
Kyauktaw, Kyaukphyu, Taungup and Sittwe in Arakan State. After he passed the
higher grade pleader examination he started working as a private lawyer. He was
a Central Executive Committee member of the NDPHR when the SLORC banned the
party in 1992. U Fazul Ahmed received 24,881 valid votes or 43 % in the 1990
elections.
|
Location: Bordering
Pegu Division in the north and east.
Topography and climate: Pegu Yoma runs from north to south in the
division.
Rangoon Division has a tropical
monsoon climate. As the Division is located near the sea.
there are only slight changes of temperatures in
summer and winter. Average temperature of April which is the hottest month is
95.0° F. Daytime temperature rises from 100° F to 104° F. The coldest months --
December and January -- have an average temperature of 77° F. Night
temperatures fall to 60° F. Average annual rainfall of the division is 103
inches. Rainy season lasts from May to October. Rain is heaviest in July and
August.
Population, inhabitant, languages and religion: The estimated
population of the division in 1996 is over five million. Various races of
people are living in the division. The majority of the population is Bamar.
There are also many persons of foreign descendants. Especially, there is a large number of Chinese and Indians. Majority
of the inhabitants are Buddhists followed by
Muslims and Christians. Burmese is the main language.
Rangoon Division is formed with
four districts. which are, Rangoon East District. Rangoon West District, Rangoon North District and Rangoon South
District. and 45 townships. There are 1,305
wards and village-tracts. Of the 45 townships.
NATIONAL
LEAGUE FOR DEMOCRACY (NLD)
v
Name: Daw
San San Win
Constituency: Alon
(Eligible Voters – 32,337; Votes Cast – 23,215;
Valid Votes – 21,562; Number of Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 25 December 1945
Place of Birth: Dadeyel
Parents:U Ko Ko Gyi and Daw Wan
Daw San San Win was arrested in April 1991 and tried and imprisoned under Penal Code Article 122 (1) for attending
a secret meeting in Mandalay in 1990 to form a provisional government . The Election Commission dismissed
her from Parliament on
v
Name: U
Kyi Maung
Constituency: Bahan (2)
(Eligible Voters – 34,181; Votes Cast – 22,290; Valid Votes – 21,353; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 20 December 1920
Parents: U Phoe Thein
U Kyi Maung became the interim Chairman of the NLD in July 1989 following the
house arrest of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and imprisonment of U Tin Oo. He was
arrested in August 1990 by the SLORC following the NLD’s Ghandi Hall meeting which
called on the SLORC to hand over power to elected representatives. U Kyi Maung
was sentenced to seven years under the 1950
Emergency Provision Act Article 5 (j), and to ten years under the Official Secrets Act, Article 6 (2b) and
(3). These sentences were later
increased to 14 years and 20 years respectively. As a result of threats and
intimidation from the SLORC authorities, NLD Chairman U Aung Shwe was forced to
dismiss 12 senior leaders from the party, including U Kyi Maung. The Election
Commission dismissed U Kyi Maung as an MP on
(Among the group of Burmese cadets with whom U Lwin went to
v
Name: Dr. Maung Maung Kyaw
Constituency: Botahtaung
(Eligible Voters – 30,323; Votes Cast – 22,365; Valid Votes – 20,746; Number of
Candidates – 8)
Date of Birth: 4 January 1961
Place of Birth: Rangoon
Parents: U Kyaw Sein and Daw Tin Hla
The SLORC authorities arrested Dr. Maung Maung Kyaw in November 1990 after
forcing the woman he intended to marry to take him to court for supposedly
delaying the wedding. Although there is no law regarding such matters, Dr.
Maung Maung Kyaw was sentenced to one year imprisonment the day after his
arrest. The Election Commission dismissed Dr. Maung Maung Kyaw from Parliament
on
v
Name: U
Hla Than
Constituency:
(Eligible Voters – 664; Votes Cast – 468; Valid Votes – 432; Number of
Candidates – 2)
Father: U Thein Pe
U Hla Than had been in Insein Prison for nearly six years when he died in
August 1996. He died from tuberculosis and had been diagnosed as carrying the
Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV). The HIV/AIDS virus is widespread in
{On Aug. 2, U Hla Than, an NLD member of
Parliament elected in 1990, died in the Rangoon General Hospital as a political
prisoner of the SLORC (State Law and Order Restoration Council).
His constituency, the
U Hla Than and four other members of the
NLD set out for Greater Coco Island on May 4, 1990, 23 days before the
elections were scheduled to take place. There they established their
headquarters in a small wood and bamboo bungalow and went to walk with the will
to win support for their cause. House to house canvassing was not permitted,
there were strict regulations regarding the distribution of pamphlets and after
U Hla Than had visited the home of a school teacher a couple of times, he was
asked to sign an undertaking not to make any more visits to the house of any
civil servant. He refused, explaining that he had merely been paying social
calls, not engaging in any electioneering
work.
Despite the restrictions, the intrepid five
carried on with their mission to convey their message of democracy to the
people of the islands long cut adrift from political developments on the
mainland. Although the monsoons had already begun,
the morning of May 27 dawned sunny. Nearly 450 of the 613 people on the island
above the age of 18 cast their votes in the two polling stations to choose
between U Hla Than and the candidate of the National Union Party, the erstwhile
Burma Socialist Program Party which had ruled the country for 26 years. Voting
ended around
The NLD candidate won with 56.94 percent of the eligible votes. What took place
on
At the time he was elected as a member of Parliament, U Hla Than was 45 years old. He was
born to a family of peasant farmers and completed his secondary school
education in
U Hla Than took an
active part in the democracy movement of 1988 as member of the Rangoon Lawyers
Association. Later he joined the NLD and became the party committee chairman of
one of the important townships of the Rangoon Division. When preparations for
the elections began, he offered to stand as the party candidate in the
The official announcements of the results
of the elections were dragged out over weeks but it was widely known with in a matter
of days that the NLD had won a spectacular victory. The country was in a
jubilant mood, proud of the outcome of the first democratic elections in three
decades, full of hope for the future, confident that at last there would be a
government which would be transparent and accountable and which would gain
trust and respect both at home and abroad.
Few in
It was some two months after the elections
when SLORC still showed no signs of relinquishing power, or of convening
Parliament, that a climate of unease began to set in. And when U Kyi Maung and
other key members of the NLD were taken into custody in September, the unease
turned into dismay and disillusionment. The next month, a number of members of
Parliament, including U Hla Than, were arrested. In April 1991 U Hla Than was
tried by a martial law court, accused of complicity in attempts to set up a
parallel government, and sentenced to 25 years imprisonment for high treason.
Now, five years later, he is dead, the victim of a warped process of law and a
barbaric penal system. (From “ Letter from
The death certificate of U Hla Than, NLD
member of Parliament for the Coco Islands who died on Aug. 2 as a political
prisoner of the present military regime of Burma, stated that he had died of
"extensive Koch's lung [tuberculosis] and HIV infection."
Coincidentally on the day of his death, extracts from a report on conditions in
Burmese prisons by a former student activist who had served time in the
infamous Insein Jail where U Hla Than was incarcerated for nearly six years,
appeared in The Nation newspaper of Bangkok. The report states that owing to
drug abuse "there is ... a high prevalence of HIV/AIDS in prisons. When
administering injections, the doctors give only half or less than half of the
phial to one patient, giving the rest to another patient from the same needle
and syringe, almost guaranteeing that any blood-carried infections will
spread." There can be little doubt that U Hla Than's death was brought
about by the abysmal prison conditions that do not bear scrutiny by independent
observers. The ICRC left
v
Name: U
Aung Zaw
Constituency: Dagon
(Eligible Voters – 20,626; Votes Cast – 14,992; Valid Votes – 13,960; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 29 December 1937
Father: U Min Thu
U Aung Zaw studied at Taungoo Agriculture and Animal Husbandry State High
School and received a diploma from the Pyinmana Agricultural College. He worked
as a government servant for the central office of the Farm and Agriculture
Corporation from 1981-1987.He was expelled from the NLD in 1999, as
renegade MP (the “ lackey “ of SPDC). U Aung Zaw received 6,512 valid votes as
47 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U
Tun Ohn
Constituency: Dagon Myothit
(Eligible Voters – 61,815; Votes Cast – 38,581; Valid Votes – 35,514; Number of
Candidates – 8)
Date of Birth: 13 March 1943
Place of Birth: Pauktalauk Village, Hlegu
Parents:U Maung Pu and Daw Wen
U Tun Ohn studied up to Ninth Standard and worked as a member of Mayangone
Township People’s Council from 1985-1988 under the BSPP.He was expelled from
the NLD in 1999, as renegade MP (the “lackey” of SPDC). U Tun Ohn received 21,636 valid
votes as 67 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Sein Win
Constituency: Dala
(Eligible Voters – 36,813; Votes Cast – 27,148;
Valid Votes – 24,289; Name of Candidates – 9)
Date of Birth: 13 May 1953
Place of Birth: Metilla
Father’s Name: U Nyunt
U Sein Win was among the NLD representatives who boycotted the National
Convention in December 1995. U Sein Win attended
v
Name: U
Mya Maung
Constituency: Dawbon
(Eligible Voters – 35,550; Votes Cast – 27,408;
Valid Votes – 23,845; Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 1924
Place of Birth: Tamarkong Village, Wantwin
Parents:U Phoe Tin and Daw Sai
U Mya Maung was a member of the BIA from its establishment until its abolition.
He served in the BIA under Bo Linyon, one of the Thirty Comrades, and received
the Star of Independence (Third Class) for his role in
v
Name:
Col Maung Shwe (aka U Shwe) (Retired)
Constituency: Hlaing (1)
(Eligible Voters – 57,876; Votes Cast – 42,633; Valid Votes – 36,534; Number of
Candidates – 12)
Date of Birth: 4 September 1920
Place of Birth: Paukkhung
Col Maung Shwe resigned as an NLD Central Executive Committee member and an MP
on 7 October 1991 for health reasons. The following day he was expelled from
the NLD for failing to inform the party of his resignation, which was against
party policy. He joined the Army Veterans’ Association during the 1988 uprising
and later worked for the POCL. From 1964-1972, Col Maung Shwe was the Minister
of Industry and the Minister of Labour and was also a member of the
Revolutionary Council from 1962-1972. Then in 1972 the Revolutionary Council
took him to court but the case was dismissed. Although he filed an appeal
against the action taken against him, the appeal was not recognised by the BSPP
leadership.U Shwe joined the BIA while he was studying Arts at the
v
Name: Lt-Col
Saw Mya Thein (Retired)
Constituency: Hlaing (2)
(Eligible Voters – 61,038; Votes Cast – 43,160;
Valid Votes – 40,753; Number of Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 3 July 1924
Place of Birth: Myittha
Parents:U Myaing and Daw Ngwe Pyne
Lt-Col Saw Mya Thein is a former Central Executive Committee member of the
banned POCL and is Hlaing Township NLD Patron. He studied at the
v
Name: Captain
Than Kywe (Retired)
Constituency: Hlaingthaya
(Eligible Voters – 51,857; Votes Cast – 28,548; Valid Votes – 25,004; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 26 March 1927
Father’s Name:U Tint
The Election Commission announced on 18 June 1997 that Capt. Than Kywe had
resigned as an MP and it is understood that the SLORC used intimidation to
force him to resign. Capt. Than Kywe is Chairman of the Hlaingthaya Township
NLD and was actively involved in the 1938 strike. He was a member of the Maubin
District Asian Youth Association in 1941 and joined the Army in 1947. While in
the Army he was detained in 1949 for eight months and in 1950 he joined the
Maubin District Military Service Force. He returned to the Army in 1955 and was
appointed an officer. He was the Chairman of Thanatpin Township Security and
Administrative Committee from 1966-1972 and worked in the same position in
Insein, Mingladon and Bamauk. He also served as Chairman of Insein Township
People’s Council from 1974-1978. U Than Kywe received 17,248 valid votes as 69
% in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Saw Kyaw Sein
Constituency: Hlegu (1)
(Eligible Voters – 79,523; Votes Cast – 54,235; Valid Votes – 45,831; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth:
Parents: U Mya Min
U Saw Kyaw Sein was actively involved in the 1988 uprising. He went to school
in
v
Name:
U San Tin
Constituency: Hlegu (2)
(Eligible Voters – 30,784; Votes Cast – 23,143;
Valid Votes – 20,344; Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 22 November 1947
Father: U Hla Pe
U San Tin is a High Court Advocate and was involved in 1988 uprising. He
completed a Bachelor of Arts degree at
v
Name:
U Soe Tin (aka U Soe)
Constituency: Hmawbe (1)
(Eligible Voters – 42,796; Votes Cast – 33,693; Valid Votes – 29,761; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 29 August 1941
Place of Birth: Thaneseik Village, Thaton
Parents: U Maung Tun
U Soe Tin was detained from 2 October 1988 to 4 September 1989 because of his
involvement in the August 1988 uprising. He completed high school in 1958 and
obtained a diploma from the Government Technical Institute of Insein in 1961.
He worked as a Deputy Assistant Engineer and an Engineer at Minbu, Magwe, Pegu
and Hmawbe from 1963-1986. He retired in 1989. U Soe Tin received 17,451 votes
as 59 % in the 1990 elections. U Soe Tin received 17,451 valid votes as 59 % in
the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U
Khin Maung Tun
Constituency: Hmawbe (2)
(Eligible Voters – 42,811; Votes Cast – 31,233; Valid Votes – 27,273; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth:
Father: U Myat Tha Tun
U Khin Maung Tun is a member of the NLD Central Committee. In July 1990, he was
appointed to a special group in the NLD which was in charge of implementing a
new policy of organising people for general strikes. He was, however, arrested
in February 1991 after the SLORC found out about the policy and was sentenced,
along with U Ohn Maung from
v
Name: U
Tin Ko Ko
Constituency: Htantabin
(Eligible Voters – 56,579; Votes Cast – 45,619;
Valid Votes – 39,902; Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 18 March 1923
Parents: U Pyne and Daw Tin Tin Gyi
U Tin Ko Ko was among the NLD representatives who boycotted the SLORC’s
National Convention in December 1995. He attended
v
Name: U
Tun Hlaing
Constituency: Insein (1)
(Eligible Voters – 75,218; Votes Cast – 50,850;
Valid Votes – 46,001; Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 16 August 1927
Place of Birth: Tikegyi
Parents: U San Myint and Daw Aye Mya
U Tun Hlaing was part of the NLD boycott of the National Convention on 28
December 1995. From 1964-1976 he was a Central Committee member of the BSPP and
was the Chairman of Insein Township Party Unit. He was dismissed from the BSPP
in 1976. From 1943-1945, U Tun Hlaing was a member of the Asia Youth
Association. He was a member of the BIA during the Japanese resistance, and
from 1945-1946 was the Secretary of Taikkyi Township Red Flag Communist Party.
He was arrested by the British for one and a half months, and then continued
studying at
v
Name:
U Sein Hla Oo(Maung Nwai Oo)
Constituency: Insein (2)
(Eligible Voters – 62,526; Votes Cast – 46,219; Valid Votes – 41,717; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 17 November 1938
Father: U Phoe Ba
U Sein Hla Oo was detained April 1991 in Insein Special Prison and released on
1 May 1992 in accordance with SLORC
Declaration No. 11/92 of 24 April 1992. He was rearrested on
v
Name:
U Wun (Minthuwun)
Constituency: Kamaryut
(Eligible Voters – 42,430; Votes Cast – 33,858;
Valid Votes – 30,773; Number of Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 1909
Place of Birth: Kunchang Kone
U Wun resigned from NLD due to health reasons but is still involved in some NLD
activities. He has a Master of Arts from
v
Name:
U Ba Swe (Myaungmya Ba Swe)
Constituency: Kawhmu
(Eligible Voters – 59,815; Votes Cast – 50,409; Valid Votes – 44,879; Number of
Candidates – 8)
Date of Birth: 1931
Parents: U Ba Kyaw and Daw Aye Kyi
During the 1988 uprising U Ba Swe was the strike leader of Kawhmu Township.
From 1944-1947, he served as a member of the Myaungmya Township Asia Youth
Association, the PVF and the AFPFL. Since then he has worked as a teacher,
reporter, writer and an editor. In 1972 he went to
v
Name: U
Kyaw Thwin
Constituency: Kayan (1)
(Eligible Voters – 41,226; Votes Cast – 33,996; Valid Votes – 31,328; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth:
Father: Thakhin Maung Maung Gyi
U Kyaw Thwin was first arrested after the U Thant funeral demonstration in
1974. He was arrested in 1975 and imprisoned for two years under Article 5 (j)
of the 1950 Emergency Provision Act.
U Kyaw Thwin was imprisoned a second time for attending a secret meeting in
v
Name: U
Tin Maung Win
Constituency: Kayan (2)
(Eligible Voters – 40,018; Votes Cast – 32,524; Valid Votes – 28,841;
Number of Candidates – 6) Date of Birth:
8 November 1940
Place of Birth: Kayan
Father: U Myo
U Tin Maung Win died in Insein Prison on 18 January 1991 as a result of
injuries sustained under torture by Military Intelligence officers. He had been
arrested in October 1990. U Tin Maung Win joined the NLD in 1988 and was a
member of Rangoon Division Organising Committee. The Revolutionary Council
imprisoned U Tin Maung Win from 1963-1970 for his participation in the July
1962 demonstrations. At the time he was Chairman of the 1962 Student Strike
Committee and a Presidium member of the Students’ Unity Front. His brother,
Colonel Zaw Win, is a former member of the BSPP State Council and ran as the
candidate for the National Unity Party (NUP) in the 1990 election against U Tin
Maung Win. U Tin Maung Win studied at
v
Name: U
Hla Tun
Constituency: Kemmendine
(Eligible Voters – 48,414; Votes Cast – 38,049;
Valid Votes – 35,461; Number of Candidates – 8)
Date of Birth: 1 November 1941
Parents: U Myo Sai
U Hla Tun was rearrested and sentenced
to 25 years imprisonment for attending a secret meeting in Mandalay in 1990 to
form a provisional government. He was arrested in October 1990 and charged
under Penal Code Article 122 (1) in
April 1991. The Election Commission dismissed him as an MP on
v
Name:
U Yu Gan
Constituency: Kunchangon
(Eligible Voters – 56,590; Votes Cast – 47,680;
Valid Votes – 42,287; Number of Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 21 January 1925
Parents: U Wai Lu
The Election Commission announced on 7 June 1996 that U Yu Gan had resigned as
an MP. It is understood that the SLORC used intimidation to force him to
resign.U Yu Gan completed high school in 1941 and he joined the BIA in 1942. He
was Chairman of the Kunchangon Asia Youth Association and he served as a
Colonel with the BDA and was a military leader for the townships of
v
Name: U Tin Soe (Sabai Oo Tin Soe)
Constituency: Kyauktada
(Eligible Voters – 24,066; Votes Cast – 18,290;
Valid Votes – 17,119; Number of Candidates – 9)
Date of Birth: 27 December 1941
Father: U Chit
U Tin Soe was involved in the 1988 uprising and was detained by the SLORC from
2 October 1988 to 19 January 1989. He was arrested and sentenced to two years’
imprisonment and fined 300 kyats on 25th August 1993 for criminal
trespass into U Khin Maung Htay’s premises at No. 107, Myanma Gonyee Street,
Mingala Taungnyunt Township in October 1992.In the course of a squabble between
them over the sale of an apartment.U Tin Soe used abusive language and took
photographs without the latter’s express consent.U Khin Maung Htay reported the
incident to the Mingala Taungnyunt Police Station, whereby U Tin Soe was
charged by the police under section 447, 294 and 506 with criminal trepass. The
court found him guilty of the charge.He was released from detention on
v
Name: Dr. Than Nyein
Constituency: Kyauktan (1)
(Eligible Voters – 37,399; Votes Cast – 31,668; Valid Votes – 26200; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 5 August 1937
Place of Birth: Khanaung Village, Kyauktan
Father: U Maung Sein
Dr. Than Nyein, an NLD organizer and coincidentally the brother-in-law of the
SLORC / SPDC’s top official, number three in the Burma troika Secretary (1)
Lt-Gen Khin Nyunt, was arrested on 28 October 1997 following an attempt by the
NLD to hold a meeting with Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and NLD youth in Mayangone Township
in Rangoon. On the day, the SLORC blocked a delegation of NLD members and
leaders from holding the meeting, which included the Chairman, the two
Vice-Chairmen and General Secretary Daw Aung San Suu Kyi. Many NLD members were
forced into waiting vehicles and dumped near townships outside
v
Name: U
Soe Nyunt
Constituency: Kyauktan (2)
(Eligible Voters – 34,840; Votes Cast – 28,169; Valid Votes – 24,602; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth:
Parents: U Paw Hlaing
U Soe Nyunt is Chairman of the Mayangon Township NLD. In January 1991, U Soe
Nyunt was imprisoned under the 1950 Emergency Provision Act Article 5 (a), (b) and (j) and
sentenced to 12 years. He was released in February 1995 under an amnesty for
the 50th anniversary of the founding of the Burmese Army. The Election
Commission dismissed U Soe Nyunt as an MP on
v
Name: U Nay Oo
Constituency: Lanmadaw
(Eligible Voters – 25,140; Votes Cast – 20,429; Valid Votes – 19,371; Number of
Candidates – 12)
Date of Birth: 19 January 1952
Parents: U Ne Win and Daw Yi Yi
The Election Commission announced on 13 June 1996 that U Nay Oo had resigned as
an MP. It is understood that the SLORC used intimidation to force him to
resign. U Ne Oo boycotted the National Convention in December 1995 along with
other NLD MPs. He studied at Saint Patrick’s School and Alon State High School
No.2, and received a Bachelor of Arts degree in Burmese from Rangoon
University.He was expelled from the NLD in 1999, as renegade MP (the “
lackey “ of SPDC).U Nay Oo received 15,765 valid votes as 81 % in the 1990
elections.
v
Name: U Kyi Myint
Constituency: Latha
(Eligible Voters – 18,698; Votes Cast – 14,035; Valid Votes – 13,201; Number of
Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 14 July 1953
Parents: U Maung Maung
U Kyi Myint was detained in Myingan Prison, Mandalay Division, after being
sentenced to 20 years imprisonment for distributing the New Era Journal and released on 9 October 2001. He was arrested in August 1993 along with Ma Thida and other
students and they were all charged under the 1962 Printers and Publishers Registration Act and sentenced to 20
years. U Kyi Myint was later dismissed as a Member of Parliament by the
Election Commission. He attended Alon State High School No.(1)
and received a Bachelor of Economics degree from
v
Name: U
Aung Shwe
Constituency: Mayangone (1)
(Eligible Voters – 51,650; Votes Cast – 34,155; Valid Votes – 31,088; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth:
Father: U Poe Koon
U Aung Shwe is Chairman of the NLD. He was among the NLD representatives who
boycotted the National Convention on
{ In writing about the activities of the National League for
Democracy it will be necessary to mention
the names of some of our key personnel from time to time, so I would like to
introduce a quartet of retired army officers who are leading members of the
executive committee of the party. The chairman of the NLD is U Aung Shwe. He
joined the Burma Independence Army in 1942, one of the educated young men (he
had graduated from
The predictable reaction to the collapse of the one-party system
was the mushrooming of parties at a rate which would be familiar to those who
knew
v Name: Dr. May Win Myint
Constituency: Mayangone (2)
(Eligible Voters – 54,495; Votes Cast – 41,490;
Valid Votes – 38,435; Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 8 March 1950
Place of Birth: Moulmein
Father: U Thaung Nyunt
Dr. May Win Myint was arrested on 28 October 1997 following an attempt by the
NLD to hold a meeting with Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and NLD youth in Mayangone
Township in Rangoon. Dr. May Win
Myint boycotted the National Convention in December 1995 along with other NLD
MPs, and is the Secretary of Mayangone Township NLD. She graduated in Medicine
from Rangoon Institute of Medicine in 1976 and worked as a part-time Doctor for
North-Okkalapa and Kyauktada Co-operative Clinics from 1978-1981 and also at
v
Name: Dr.
Aung Khin Sint
Constituency: Mingala Taungnyunt (1)
(Eligible Voters – 33,838; Votes Cast – 27,390;
Valid Votes – 26,093; Number of Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 1 January 1935
Place of Birth: Phakoku
Parents: U Maung Kalay and Daw Thi Hla
Dr. Aung Khin Sint was detained after being arrested on 23 July 1996 for recent
activities in support of the opposition
and released from detention on 18 July 2001 . He has been sentenced to 12 years
imprisonment and has not been allowed any family visits. Dr. Aung Khin Sint had
previously been arrested on 4 August
1993 and sentenced on 15 October 1993 to 20 years in prison for destabilizing
national unity, printing and publishing material without official registration
and improper use of official secret documents.He had been convicted in 1993
under section 5(j) of the 1950 Emergency Provisions Act,
section 17/20 of the Printers and Publishers Registration Law,
and section 5(1) (4) of the Burma
Official Secrets Act and was released on 4 February 1995. The Government
added that he had been granted amnesty under section 401 (1) of the Criminal Procedure Code, after he had been given a
solemn pledge to the authorities that he would henceforth abide by the law.
But, he did not abide by his pledge and, as a consequence, the amnesty extended to him was revoked and he resumed
serving the reminder of his original sentence.
He was dismissed as a representative to the National Convention. Dr.
Aung Khin Sint is an NLD Central Committee member and was forced to retire as
deputy director general at the Health and Education Department due to his
participation in the 1988 uprising, during which he was Chairman of the Health
Workers’
v
Name: Dr. Than Aung
Constituency: Mingala Taungnyunt
(2)
(Eligible Voters – 37,208; Votes Cast – 27,360;
Valid Votes – 24,962; Number of Candidates – 8)
Date of Birth: 5 July 1944
Place of Birth: Kyaukphyu
Dr. Than Aung was detained under section 304 (A) of the criminal code after the SLORC charged him with the
manslaughter of a patient in February 1997. Dr. Than Aung gave an emergency
injection to a patient who suffered from asthma and had problems with his
lungs, and after the injection he told the patient and his family to go to
hospital. However, they later returned to Dr. Than Aung when the patient begun
to have difficulty breathing and the doctor told them to send him urgently to
hospital for emergency treatment. For some reason
v
Name: U Kyi Win
Constituency: Mingaladon (1)
(Eligible Voters – 45,129; Votes Cast – 31,532;
Valid Votes – 28,806; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 12 September 1949
Parents: U Myint Wai and Daw Aye Aye
U Kyi Win was among the NLD representatives who boycotted the National
Convention on 28 December 1995. He is the Secretary of Mingaladon Township NLD
as well as a member of Rangoon Division NLD Organising Committee. He is a
former student leader from the 1970s who has spent years in jail for his
political activities.U Kyi Win was imprisoned for seven years by the BSPP
government for his participation in the 1974 U Thant demonstration. He has a
Bachelor of Science degree majoring in Mathematics from
The declaration first states that “ Under the pressure
of the SPDC, NLD party members have resigned from the party ….. (and) ….. some party members have
been detained …..”.The 25 NLD Pyithu Hluttaw Representatives then went on to
say that “ Prospect for holding a dialogue have been greatly reduced by the
NLD’s unilateral decision to hold a Hluttaw meeting by itself.Therefore we
demand that the decision to convene Parliament on its own be reviewed”.
The dissident MPs, led by a core group of U Than Tun, U Kyi Win and U Tin Tun
Maung have exposed splits in NLD.They call by a small group of renegade MPs of
NLD evoked a furious reaction from the party leadership.The MPs were nothing
but “ lackeys of military intelligence “, the NLD charged.The MPs had colluded
with the government to sow disunity in the party, it said.U Than Tun (Dedaye-2)
is understood to have been expelled from the NLD about two years ago for refusing
to sign a mandate giving the central committee authority to act on behalf of
the party. The NLD leadership branded
these 25 MPs as the “ lackeys “ of SPDC.These three MPs reportedly send a
letter to NLD-CEC, with the signature of 25 other MPs under detention.The CEC
of NLD (CRPP) in response have issued statements 23, 25 (4/99).He was expelled
from the NLD in 1999, as renegade MP (the “ lackey “ of SPDC). U Kyi Win
received 14,404 valid votes as 50 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U Tin Tun Maung
Constituency: Mingaladon (2)
(Eligible Voters – 42,019; Votes Cast – 30,139; Valid Votes – 28,201; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 27 November 1944
Place of Birth: Kemmendine
Parents: Lt. Col. Hla Maung and Daw Saw Nyunt
U Tin Tun Maung boycotted the SLORC’s National Convention in December 1995
along with other NLD representatives. He received a Bachelor of Science degree
in Physics in 1966 and while studying his Master of Science he worked as an
Apprentice Officer for the Geological Department in the Mining Ministry. He was
a technician in the Army Reserves and attended
1) led a group of 25 NLD-MPs has released a signed declaration blaming on its
own party NLD.The signed declaration, issued on 26th April 1999, was
addressed to one of the SPDC leaders Lt-Gen Khin Nyunt as well as to NLD
chairman U Aung Shwe.All twenty-five have been recently detained by the
military during a country-wide sweep against the NLD apparently designed to
crush its political network.NLD leaders issued a fiery condemnation of the MPs
after they called two weeks ago for dialogue with junta officials, describing
them as “ lackeys of military intelligence “.The CEC of NLD (CRPP) in response
have issued statements 23, 25 (4 / 99).He was expelled from the NLD in 1999,
as renegade MP (the “ lackey “ of
SPDC). U Tin Tun Maung received 15,537 valid votes as 55 % in the 1990
elections.
v
Name: Dr. Than Win
Constituency: North Okkalapa (1)
(Eligible Voters – 78,847; Votes Cast – 61,594; Valid Votes – 56,631; Number of
Candidates – 8)
Date of Birth: 18 November 1949
Parents: U Sein Win and Daw Kyin Ye
Dr. Than Win received a medical degree from Rangoon Institute of Medicine in
1974 and operated his own clinic from 1976-1988. He was expelled from the
NLD in 1999, as renegade MP (the “ lackey “ of SPDC).Dr. Than Win received 38,025 valid
votes as 67 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U
Kyaw Nyunt
Constituency: North Okkalapa (2)
(Eligible Voters – 66,779; Votes Cast – 52,537;
Valid Votes – 48,687; Number of Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 19 April 1948
Place of Birth: Alaldang Village, Maubin
Father: U Sein Mya
U Kyaw Nyunt passed Tenth Standard and was actively involved in the 1988
uprising.U Kyaw Nyunt received 35,509 valid votes as 73 % in the 1990
elections.
v
Name: U
Saw Naing Naing
Constituency:
Pazundaung
(Eligible Voters – 25,379; Votes Cast – 18,950;
Valid Votes – 17,777; Number of Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 3 April 1942
Place of Birth: Kyaik Hto
Father: U Saw Thein
U Saw Naing Naing was arrested on 25 October 1990 and sentenced to 10 years
under Penal Code Article 122 (1).
According to prison rules U Naing Naing could have been released after seven
years, however the authorities have continued to detain him. The Election
Commission dismissed U Naing Naing as an MP on
v
Name: U Khin Maung Swe
Constituency: Sanchaung
(Eligible Voters – 49,237; Votes Cast – 39,858; Valid Votes – 37,767; Number of
Candidates – 10)
Date of Birth:
Parents: U Maung Aye and Daw Tin Kyi
U Khin Maung Swe is currently under detention. He has been held in
special solitary confinement since 1995 and among his neighbours are well known political prisoners such as student leader
Min Ko Naing, who has been serving a 20 year sentence, and Ko Ko Naing from the
KNU. U Khin Maung Swe was arrested on
v
Name: Daw
San San
Constituency: Seikkan
(Eligible Voters – 1,344; Votes Cast – 1,103; Valid Votes – 1,038; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 10 January 1930
Place of Birth: Monywa
Parents: U Ba Thaw and Daw Ma Ma Lay
The SLORC/SPDC sentenced Daw San San to 25 years imprisonment in April 1998 for
doing an interview with the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) in which she
was critical of the regime. Daw San San had been detained on
v
Name: Dr. Sein Win
Constituency: Seikkyi-Khanaungdo
(Eligible Voters – 10,396; Votes Cast – 8,633; Valid Votes – 7,880; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 21 November 1958
Place of Birth: Rangoon
Father: U Nyunt
Dr. Sein Win received a medical degree from Rangoon Institute of Medicine. He
worked as a medical intern from 1982-93 and ran a private clinic for the next
three years. In 1985 he was an assistant doctor and from 1985-1988 he worked as
an Army doctor at a military hospital. Dr. Sein Win received 4,047 valid votes
as 51 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U
Sein Lwin
Constituency:
Shwepyitha
(Eligible Voters – 36,494; Votes Cast – 23,454; Valid Votes – 19,930; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 1922
Place of Birth: Kyopinkauk
Parents: U Mya Shwone and Daw Sein
U Sein Lwin studied until Tenth Standard at Gyobingauk National High School. He
served with the BDA at Pyinmana Township Military Office and with the Patriotic
Burmese Force (PBF) from 1942-1945. He also worked for the Military Records
Office from 1970-1980 and for the POCL. U Sein Lwin received 12,400 valid votes
as 62 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U Soe Myint (Thakhin Soe Myint)
Constituency: South Okkalapa (1)
(Eligible Voters – 65,630; Votes Cast – 52,479; Valid Votes – 46,978;
Number of Candidates – 10)
Date of Birth: 16 August 1923
Father: U Shein
U Soe Myint is a Central Executive Committee member of the NLD. He was one of
the founders of the People’s Revolution Party (PRP). He was Secretary of the
v
Name: U
Khin Maung Kyaw
Constituency: South Okkalapa (2)
(Eligible Voters – 66,534; Votes Cast – 51,444;
Valid Votes – 48,321; Number of Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 20 November 1937
Place of Birth: Taungtha
Father: U Thaung
U Khin Maung Kyaw voluntarily resigned as a Member of Parliament on 28 August
1991. He received a Bachelor of Science degree majoring in Mathematics from
v
Name: U Hla Tun
Constituency: Taikkyi (1)
(Eligible Voters – 53,589; Votes Cast – 45,378;
Valid Votes – 39,853; Number of Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 3 April 1932
Place of Birth: Aikalauk Village, Taikkyi
Parents: U Lauk Kan and Daw Ngwe Ye
U Hla Tun works as a High Court Advocate and has a Bachelor in Arts degree and
a Bachelor of Law degree. As a student he was involved in various student
unions and was Vice-Chairman of the ABFSU. U Hla Tun was Chairman of the Insein
Township BSPP Party Unit from 1966-1977 and a member of the BSPP Rangoon
Division. He was expelled from the BSPP in 1977. U Hla Tun received 24,596
valid votes as 62 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: Daw San May (Shweku May Hnin)
Constituency: Taikkyi (2)
(Eligible Voters – 59,143; Votes Cast – 45,407; Valid Votes – 36,544; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 15 August 1939
Place of Birth: Shweku
Father: U Sein
Daw San May is the leader of the Central Women’s Working Group of the NLD. The
SLORC authorities arrested and imprisoned her under Penal Code Article 193 and she has since been released from prison.
The Election Commission dismissed her as an MP on
v
Name: U
Hla Thein
Constituency: Tamwe (1)
(Eligible Voters – 44,109; Votes Cast – 35,675; Valid Votes – 33,121; Number of
Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth:
Father’s Name: U Aung Thein
U Hla Thein is Chairman of Tamwe Township NLD. He studied until Ninth Standard
and was actively involved in the 1988 uprising. U Hla Thein received 25,765
valid votes as 78 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U Thein Myint
Constituency: Tamwe (2)
(Eligible Voters – 37,758; Votes Cast – 29,243; Valid Votes – 25,532; Number of
Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 5 May 1950
Father: U Tin Shwe
U Thein Myint has a Bachelor of Science degree and is qualified to be a High
Court Advocate. He has worked as a teacher and a principal. U Thein Myint
received 17,268 valid votes as 68 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: Dr Win Naing
Constituency: Syriam (1)
(Eligible Voters – 39,080; Votes Cast – 32,113;
Valid Votes – 28,355; Number of Candidates – 6)
Place of Birth: Bahan
Parents: U Mya Thaung and Daw Nyunt Shin
Dr Win Naing received a medical degree from Rangoon Institute of Medicine in
1979 and worked as private physician from 1981-1989. Dr. Win Naing received
18,845 valid votes as 66 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U
Than Win
Constituency: Syriam (2)
(Eligible Voters – 34,203; Votes Cast – 27,527; Valid Votes – 24,289; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 26 August 1930
Place of Birth: Mergui
Father: U Sein Kwe
U Than Win has a Bachelor of Science degree in Chemistry and post-graduate
qualifications in petro-chemical science. He worked as a senior chemical
officer at Syriam (Tanyin) Petroleum Factory from 1953, as a director of the
Mann-Thanpayakan oil field from 1977 and as a Project Director of Myanma Oil
and Gas Corporation from 1984. He retired from government service in 1987. U
Than Win received 17,893 valid votes as 74 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U Maung Maung Latt (aka Dr. Hlaing Ni)
Constituency: Thaketa (1)
(Eligible Voters – 60,786; Votes Cast – 48,451; Valid Votes – 43,261; Numbers
of Candidates – 10)
Date of Birth: 9 August 1950
Place of Birth: Pyinmaner
Parents: U Hla Myaing and Daw Hlaing Hlaing
U Maung Maung Latt was arrested by the SLORC for attending secret meetings in
Mandalay in 1990 to form a provisional government. The Election Commission dismissed him as an MP on
v
Name: U
Ohn Myint
Constituency: Thaketa (2)
(Eligible Voters – 70,250; Votes Cast – 54,628; Valid Votes – 50,322; Number of
Candidates – 7)
Date of Birth: 16 October 1936
Place of Birth: Pegu
Parents: U Tun Yin and Daw Than
U Ohn Myint graduated in Science from Rangoon University and established his
own school of mathematics and physics in 1962. He was expelled from the NLD
in 1999, as renegade MP (the “ lackey “ of
SPDC). U Ohn Myint received 35,576 valid votes as 71 % in the 1990
elections.
v
Name: U
Thein Nyunt (Maung Thein Nyant/Kawareik)
Constituency: Thingangyun (1)
(Eligible Voters – 69,004; Votes Cast – 51,665; Valid Votes – 47,659; Number of
Candidates – 8)
Date of Birth: 26 December 1944
Father: U Nyan Yin
U Thein Nyunt boycotted the National Convention with other NLD representatives
in December 1995. U Thein Nyunt was a student leader and leader of the Students’
Solidarity Union from 1969-1971. He was arrested and imprisoned in
v
Name: U Myint Thein
Constituency: Thingangyun (2)
(Eligible Voters – 70,687; Votes Cast – 53,792; Valid Votes – 48,546; Number of
Candidates – 12)
Date of Birth: 1928
Father: U Po Htay
U Myint Thein works with the Central Peasant Group of the NLD. He was involved
in the resistance movement against the Japanese and from 1950-1962 played a
leading role in the
v
Name: U
Lwin (
Constituency: Thongwa (1)
(Eligible Voters – 39,029; Votes Cast – 31,415;
Valid Votes – 26,704; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth:
Father: U Ba Tha
U Lwin is Secretary of the NLD and is a former party Treasurer. He was among
the NLD representatives who boycotted the National Convention in December 1995
and is a former BSPP Deputy Prime Minister and member of the BSPP State
Council.He completed high school in
{ The only original member of the executive
committee, who was left after 1990 to help U Aung Shwe in his struggle to keep
the NLD intact through the years that threatened its viability as a political
party, was U Lwin, the treasurer. U Lwin had joined the Burmese Independence
Army as an 18-year-old boy at the outbreak of the war. In August 1943 he was
among a batch of Burmese cadets chosen to go to
U Lwin continued with his career in the army after independence and was sent on
training courses to
v
Name: U Kyaw Myint
Constituency: Thongwa (2)
(Eligible Voters – 39,275; Votes Cast – 32,146;
Valid Votes – 27,136; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1 January 1934
Place of Birth: Takaw Village, Thongwa
Parents: U San Hla and Daw Saw Hla
U Kyaw Myint is a successful traditional medical doctor and has worked at the
Traditional Herbal Medicine Research in Rangoon. U Kyaw Myint received 18,282
valid votes as 67 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U
Tha Saing
Constituency: Twante (1)
(Eligible Voters – 60,713; Votes Cast – 45,289; Valid Votes – 39,125; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 24 December 1946
Parents: U Tha Po and Daw Sein May
U Tha Saing was arrested and imprisoned under Penal Code second 122(1) in April 1991 for attending a secret
meeting in Mandalay in 1990 to form a provisional government . The Election Commission dismissed him
as an MP on
v
Name: U
Mya Hlaing
Constituency: Twante (2)
(Eligible Voters – 61,442; Votes Cast – 43,286;
Valid Votes – 35,930; Number of Candidates – 10)
Date of Birth: 13 March 1935
Place of Birth: Yetwingon Village, Twante
Father: U San Ba
U Mya Hlaing boycotted the National Convention on 28 December 1995 along with
other NLD representatives. He was Chairman of the Htantabin Township BSPP Party
Unit from 1968-1978 and then worked as a farmer. He was expelled from the
NLD in 1999, as renegade MP (the “ lackey “ of SPDC). U Mya Hlaing received
20,919 valid votes as 58 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: Daw Khin Aye Myint
Constituency: Yankin
(Eligible Voters – 58,355; Votes Cast – 41,977; Valid Votes – 38,114; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 28 June 1929
Place of Birth: Maulmeingyun
Parents: U San Nyunt and Daw Ohn
Daw Khin Aye Myint was part of the NLD boycott of the National Convention in
December 1995. She is currently the Chairperson of Yankin Township NLD. Daw Khin Aye Myint received a Bachelor of
Arts degree in 1952 and a Bachelor of Education degree in 1958. She worked as a
High School Teacher from 1952-1965 at Bahan State High School no.1, and was
then an Assistant Lecturer at
DEMOCRACY
PARTY (DP)
v
Name:
U Tun Hlaing
Constituency: Bahan (1)
(Eligible Voters – 39,348; Votes Cast – 25,853;
alid Votes – 23,822; Number of
Candidates – 5)
This would have been Daw Aung San Suu Kyi’s constituency had she been permitted
to run.)
Date of Birth: 8 December 1956
Parents: U Hla Han and Daw Amar Kyi
U Tun Hlaing was arrested in December 1992 and was sentenced to one year
imprisonment after the SLORC accused him of being involved in a brawl. He was
released from prison in November 1993 and the Election Commission dismissed him
as an MP. The SLORC banned the DP on
GRADUATES
AND OLD STUDENTS DEMOCRATIC ASSOCIATION (GOSDA)
v
Name: U
Maung Maung Aung
Constituency: Pabetan
(Eligible Voters – 25,896; Votes Cast – 20,206; Valid Votes – 18,644; Number of
Candidates – 14)
Date of Birth: 12 March 1966
Place of Birth: Mayangone, Rangoon Division
Parents: U Tin Aung and Daw Khin Aye Wai
U Maung Maung Aung was arrested in March 1992 for having a false labour
identification card and was sentenced to six months in prison. The Election
Commission subsequently dismissed him as an MP. U Maung Maung Aung was
Graduates and Old Students Democratic Association (GOSDA) General Secretary
when the SLORC banned the party on
|
Location:
Climate: According to the latitude
location except the northern sector, other sectors of the
Population, inhabitants, religion and languages: The estimated
population Of Shan State in 1996 is over 4.7 million with average density of 7t
per sq mile. The population is dense in Valleys and areas along railroad and
motor roads and sparse in hill regions where agriculture and communications are
difficult.
Most of the inhabitants believe in Buddhism. There are also many Muslims. Christians and Hindus in the region.
Formation of districts, townships and villages and wards: District
of the State are Taunggyi, Loilem, Lashio, Muse, Kyaukme, Kunlong, Laukkai,
Kengtung Mongsan, Monhpyak and Tachileik.
NATIONAL LEAGUE FOR DEMOCRACY (NLD)
v
Name: U Sai Aung Than
Constituency: Hsipaw (2)
(Eligible Voters – 13,423; Votes Cast – 9,461; Valid Votes – 8,412; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 1951
Place of Birth: Minelon Village, Kyaukme
Father: U Hla Din
The Election Commission announced on 1 July 1996 that U Sai Aung Than had
resigned as an MP. It is understood that the SLORC used intimidation to force
him to resign. U Sai Aung Than received a Civil Engineering degree from Rangoon
Institute of Technology in 1977 and worked as an engineer in Hsipaw from
1979-1980. He was a member of Hsipaw Township People’s Council from 1981-1984.
U Sai Aung Than received 3,826 valid votes as 45 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Sai Lon Kyauk
Constituency: Kengtung (1)
Date of Birth: 1942
Father: U Maung Ni
U Sai Lon Kyauk passed seventh standard from
v
Name:
U Sai Yi Tip
Constituency: Kengtung (2)
Date of Birth: 1942
Parents: U Lon Htri
U Sai Yi Tip passed tenth standard in 1965 and studied first year science at
v
Name:
U Khun Sai
Constituency: Kutkai (1)
(Eligible Voters – 12,535; Votes Cast – 6,121; Valid Votes – 4,969; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 1916
Place of Birth: Kutkai
Father: U Khun Jan
U Khun Sai voluntarily resigned from the NLD. He studied until ninth standard
and attended
v
Name:
U Sai Myint Maung
Constituency: Lashio (1)
Date of Birth: July 1946
Father: U Win Lwin
U Sai Myint Maung obtained a Bachelor of Science degree in 1970 from
v
Name:
U Than Htay
Constituency: Lashio (2)
Date of Birth: 1948
Father: U Ba Shin
U Than Htay has a Bachelor of Law degree and between 1965 and 1982 he worked as
a clerk, an accountant and a manager. In 1983 he qualified to work as an
advocate at the High Court.
v
Name:
Dr. Hla Shein
Constituency: Lawksawk
Date of Birth: 1962
Place of Birth:
Father: U Boe Aung
Dr. Hla Shein worked as a teacher before receiving his medical degree at the
Rangoon Institute of Medicine in 1966. He then worked at the Health Ministry
for 18 years. Despite having numerous military training schools and battalions
based in his constituency, he easily won his seat in the 1990 election over his
National Unity Party (NUP) rival.
v
Name:
U Chit Khin
Constituency: Mabein
(Eligible Voters – 13,401; Votes Cast – 11,547;
Valid Votes – 10,514; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 1940
Place of Birth: Mabein
Father: U Ba Thwe
U Chit Khin is a member of the Mabein NLD Township Organising Committee. He
graduated in science from
v
Name: U
Hsan Wonn (aka U Sai Phone Myint)
Constituency: Monghsat
(Eligible Voters – 16,807; Votes Cast – 6,962;
Valid Votes – 5,092; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 1940
Place of Birth: Waine Village, Monghsat
Father: U Shan Sai
U Hsan Wonn worked as a teacher at a primary school from 1964-1969, and in 1974
was a member of the Monghsat Township Security and Administrative Committee.
From 1974-1978 he served as an executive member of the Monghsat Township
People’s Council and was a part-time member of the Shan State Council from
1978-1988. U Hsan Wonn received 2,845 valid votes as 56 % in the 1990
elections.
v
Name:
U Sai Shan Lway
Constituency: Mongkhat
Date of Birth: 1942
Place of Birth:
Father: U Shan Sai Kham
U Sai Shan Lway is the organiser for Monghkat Township NLD. He finished high
school in 1962 and was the general secretary of Kengtung Township Co-operative
from 1978-1988. He was also a member of the Monghkat BSPP Party Unit.
v
Name:
Dr. Ohn Maung
Constituency: Mongmit
(Eligible Voters – 28,799; Votes Cast – 20,929; Valid Votes – 17,253; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 1932
Place of Birth: MabainParents: U Maung Gyi and Daw Khin Yone
Dr. Ohn Maung passed away on
|
v
Name:
U Sai Nwe
Constituency: Mongpyak
(Eligible Voters – 10,063; Votes Cast – 5,585;
Valid Votes – 4,227; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1937
Place of Birth: Kengtung
Father: U Hsai Kyauk
U Sai Nwe studied until fifth standard in Kengtung and from 1952-1957 he worked
in a bookstore. He now operates his own rice mill business. U Sai New received
1,625 valid votes as 38 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
Sai Nong Tip
Constituency: Mongyang
Date of Birth: 1961
Father: U Saw Aung
Sai Nong Tip studied until tenth standard at
v
Name:
U Sai Tun Aung
Constituency: Mongyawng
(Eligible Voters – 15,557; Votes Cast – 5,889; Valid Votes – 3,818; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 1953
Place of Birth: Mongyawng
Father: U Saw Lon
U Sai Tun Aung passed tenth standard at Mongyawng State High School in 1971 and
worked as a clerk at Myoma Township Co-operative from 1973-1985. U Sai Tun Aung
received 2,839 valid votes as 74 % in the 1990 elections.
|
v
Name:
Daw May Phyo
Constituency: Namtu
(Eligible Voters – 32,696; Votes Cast – 20,133;
Valid Votes – 17,838; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1927
Parents: U Phyo and Daw Ywat
Daw May Phyo was among the NLD representatives who boycotted the National
Convention on 28 December 1995. She worked as a teacher after she received a
Bachelor of Arts degree and then worked for the Mining Ministry for 19 years.
From 1978-1985, she was a part-time member of the Namtu Township People’s
Council. Daw May Phyo received 9,782 valid votes as 55 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Tun Aung (aka U Tun Tun Hein)
Constituency: Nawnghkio
(Eligible Voters – 53,026; Votes Cast – 38,397; Valid Votes – 33,139; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1949
Place of Birth: Zebingyi Village, Pyin Oo Lwin
Parents: U Kyar Hein and Daw Mya Khin
U Tun Aung is chairman of the Nawnghkio Township NLD. He was among the NLD MPs
who boycotted the National Convention in December 1995. The SLORC arrested him
in September 1988 for his role as the chairman of the Nawnghkio Township
General Strike Committee. U Tun Aung
graduated in Science from Mandalay University in 1972 and worked as a high
school teacher in Kunlong from 1973-1974. U Tun Aung received 18,886 valid
votes as 57 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Aung Than
Constituency: Pindaya
(Eligible Voters – 29,848; Votes Cast – 23,775;
Valid Votes – 19,980; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: March 1941
Place of Birth: Thit Eh Bin Village, Pindaya
Parents: U Kyei Pyaung and Daw Tin
U
Aung Than completed eighth standard in 1960 at the Pindaya Affiliated High
School and worked as a clerk at the Communication Corporation from 1963-1974. U
Aung Than received 11,062 valid votes as 55 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Sai Soon Hsaing
Constituency: Tachilek
(Eligible Voters – 51,351; Votes Cast – 17,681; Valid Votes – 14,148; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1959
Parents: U San Khet
U Sai Soon Hsaing studied at Tachilek State High School No.(1) from 1965-1978
and passed eighth standard. From 1979-1989 he worked for his parents business.
U Sai Soon Hsaing received 8,901 valid votes as 63 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Kyaw Khin
Constituency: Taunggyi (1)
Date of Birth: May 1939
Place of Birth: Moenyin
Parents: U Nyunt and Daw Sein Tin
U Kyaw Khin is currently under detention. He was arrested on
v
Name:
U Khun Pe Htwe
Constituency: Taunggyi (2)
Date of Birth: October 1949
Parents: U Kyaung Mala
U Khun Pe Htwe is the Taunggyi Township NLD chief organiser. He obtained a
Bachelor of Science degree in 1974 majoring in Forestry.
v
Name:
Dr. U Hlaing
Constituency: Yawnghwe (1)
(Eligible Voters – 30,342; Votes Cast – 22,011;
Valid Votes – 18,631; Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: September 1949
Place of Birth: Heiyar Ywama Village, Inlay
Parents: U Ohn Maung and Daw Paw
The Election Commission announced on 13 September 1996 that Dr. U Hlaing had
resigned as an MP. It is understood that the SLORC used intimidation to force
him to resign. From 1976-1979, Dr. U Hlaing was an assistant government doctor
at
v
Name: U
Ohn Maung
Constituency: Yaunghwe (2)
(Eligible Voters – 10,090; Votes Cast – 7,216;
Valid Votes – 5,575; Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: July 1947
Place of Birth: Yaunghwe
Parents: U Kywe and Daw Mya Han
In 1989, U Ohn Maung was appointed a member of the NLD’s Central Committee and
in July 1990 he was placed in charge of implementing a new NLD policy which
involved organising people for general strikes. He was arrested in January 1991
after the SLORC found out about the new policy and was sentenced, along with U
Khin Maung Tun (MP, Rangoon Division), to 12 years imprisonment. U Ohn Maung
was released in April 1992, but before his release the Election Commission
dismissed him as an MP and banned him from running in future elections. U Ohn
Maung completed his secondary education at
DEMOCRATIC
ORGANIZATION FOR KAYAN NATIONAL UNITY (DOKNU)
v
Name:
U Khun Marko Ban
Constituency: Pekhon
(Number of Candidates – 2)
Date of Birth:
Parents: U Khun Kya and Daw Mu Thaung
U Khun Marko Ban was appointed Minister for Federal Affairs of the NCGUB in
July 1995. He is also a secretary of the NCUB. U Khun Marko Ban was the
vice-chairman of the DOKNU and when the party was banned in 1992 and attended
the National Convention. He decided to leave the National Convention in 1993
stating that he could not freely discuss matters and that the military would
continue to hold on to power. He therefore left
LAHU
NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PARTY (LNDP)
v
Name:
U Daniel Aung
Constituency: Mongping
(Eligible Voters – 27,457; Votes Cast – 14,470; Valid Votes – 11,728; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth:
Place of Birth: Lashio
Parents: U Kyar Hae and Daw Na Ga
U Daniel Aung lives in exile in
SHAN
NATIONALITIES LEAGUE FOR DEMOCRACY (SNLD)
v
Name:
U Sai Tun Lu
Constituency: Hsenwi
Date of Birth: 1946
Place of Birth: Hsenwi
Parents: U Maung Gyi and Daw Shwe Khin
U Sai Tun Lu studied until ninth standard at
v
Name:
U Khun Tun Oo
Constituency: Hsipaw (1)
(Eligible Voters – 18,139; Votes Cast – 12,233; Valid Votes – 10,577; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 1943
Place of Birth: HsenwiFather: U Sao Kyar Zon
U Khun Tun Oo is the chairman of the SNLD. He has attended the National
Convention and has frequently proposed during the Convention that
v
Name:
U Tun Tin
Constituency: Kehsi
(Eligible Voters – 28,015; Votes Cast – 9,173; Valid Votes – 7,364; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 1942
Place of Birth: Kehsi
Father: U Tun Hla
U Tun Tin passed away on
v
Name:
U Sai Leik
Constituency: Kunheng
(Eligible Voters – 14,305; Votes Cast – 7,231;
Valid Votes – 6,179; Number of Candidates – 2)
Date of Birth: 1940
Place of Birth: Kyailun Sum Village, Kunheng
Father: U Wumsum
U Sai Leik is the patron of the Kunheng Township SNLD. He passed seventh
standard at
v
Name:
U Hla Pe (aka Sai Hpa)
Constituency: Kyaukme (1)
(Eligible Voters – 39,398; Votes Cast – 23,709;
Valid Votes – 18,681; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1950
Place of Birth: Panhike Village, Namatu
Parents: U Pao Kwe and Daw Hswe Kham Si
U Hla Pe is Secretary (1) of the SNLD’s Central Organising Committee and has a
Bachelor of Economics degree. U Hla Pe received 9,045 valid votes as 48 % in
the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Sai Hsaung Hsi (aka Nelson)
Constituency: Kyaukme (2)
(Eligible Voters – 32,502; Votes Cast – 19,963;
Valid Votes – 16,597; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1948
Father: U Kawli
U Sai Hsaung Hsi studied at Saint Michael High School in Maymyo from 1954-1965
and has a Bachelor of Science degree from Mandalay University. U Sai Hsaung His
received 8,427 valid votes as 51 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Tha Tun Mya
Constituency: Laikha
(Eligible Voters – 22,266; Votes Cast – 12,480;
Valid Votes – 10,680; Number of Candidates – 2)
Date of Birth: 1938
Place of Birth: Mongye
Father: U Swle
U Tha Tun Mya studied at Taunggyi College and at Rangoon University. He was the
chairman of Taunggyi College Student Federation and the Shan State Students’
Unity Association. He attended the BSPP’s basic political training in 1966, and
from 1966-1981 was a member, secretary and chairman of the BSPP Party Unit
Committee in Laikha, Mongkai and Monghsu. U Tha Tun Mya received 8,615 valid
votes as 81 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Sai Tun Aung
Constituency: Langhko
(Eligible Voters – 18,141; Votes Cast – 13,243; Valid Votes – 10,598; Number of
Candidates – 2)
Date of Birth: 1958
Place of Birth: Langhko
Father: U Lone Sai Lon
U Sai Tun Aung is the chairman of the Langhko Township SNLD. He studied at
v
Name:
U Sai Tun Kyaw (aka U Tun Kyaw)
Constituency: Loilem
(Eligible Voters – 46,006; Votes Cast – 24,400; Valid Votes – 18,059; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 1945
Father: U Pye
U Sai Tun Kyaw studied until eighth standard and worked as a teacher from
1967-1972. He was also a member of the Panglong Township People’s Council. U
Sai Tun Kyaw received 6,946 valid votes as 38 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Sai Ok (aka Sai Tin Aung)
Constituency: Maukmai
(Eligible Voters – 5,557; Votes Cast – 3,838;
Valid Votes – 3,024; Number of Candidates – 2)
Date of Birth: 1958
Father: U Than
U Sai Ok has a Bachelor of Science degree in Physics from Rangoon University.
He worked for the Irrigation Department and then started his own farming
business. U Sai Ok received 2,626 valid votes as 87 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Sai Win Pe
Constituency: Monghsu
(Eligible Voters – 21,294; Votes Cast – 10,221; Valid Votes – 8,465; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 1957
Place of Birth: Taunggyi
Parents: U San Pwint and Daw Hnin Ye
U Sai Win Pe is in charge of the SNLD’s Taunggyi branch and has a Diploma of
Office Administration from Taunggyi College. He also graduated in Psychology
from
v
Name:
U Sai Om
Constituency: Mongkai
(Eligible Voters – 24,541; Votes Cast – 15,652; Valid Votes – 13,544; Number of
Candidates – 2)
Date of Birth: 1955
Place of Birth: Mongkai
Parents: U Kham Saw Nanda
U Sai Om is secretary of the Mongkai Township SNLD. He graduated in Botany from
v
Name:
U Khun Pwint
Constituency: Mongnai
(Eligible Voters – 8,575; Votes Cast – 6,254;
Valid Votes – 5,343; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 1923
Place of Birth: Kyailonn Village, Kunhein
Father: U Yawk Ngin
U Khun Pwint studied at Mongnai State High School until seventh standard. His
family was one of the many royal families in
v
Name:
U Sai Moe Kyi
Constituency: Mongpan
(Eligible Voters – 4,789; Votes Cast – 3,422; Valid Votes –3,007; Number of
Candidates – 2)
Date of Birth: 1934
Parents: U Kyaung Nyunt and Daw San Pwint
U Sai Moe Kyi finished high school in 1951 and joined the army in 1953. He
served in the military intelligence force and he retired as a sergeant in 1966.
He was chairman of the Mongpan Security and Administrative Council, and from
1974-1977 was chairman of the Mongpan Township People’s Council. He was also a
member of Mongpan BSPP Party Unit and resigned from the BSPP in 1982. U Sai Moe
Kyi received 2,519 valid votes as 84 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Hla Din
Constituency: Mongrai
(Eligible Voters – 9,323; Votes Cast – 5,489; Valid Votes – 4,385; Number of
Candidates – 2)
Date of Birth: 1919
Father: U Sa
U Hla Din worked as a policeman in
v
Name:
U Sai Kyaw Sein
Constituency: Mongton
(Eligible Voters – 7,958; Votes Cast – 4,374; Valid Votes – 3,567; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Parents: U Lon Kyaung Panna
U Sai Kyaw Sein passed away on
v
Name:
U Sai Hla Pe
Constituency: Muse (1)
(Eligible Voters – 24,082; Votes Cast – 17,217;
Valid Votes – 15,969; Number of Candidates – 2)
Date of Birth: 1953
Place of Birth: Tawywat Village, Muse
Parents: U Sai Khum Hein and Daw Swe Khum
U Sai Hla Pe passed tenth standard and worked as a primary school teacher from
1975. He was deputy in charge of the Muse Township Co-operative from 1978-1980.
U Sai Hla Pe received 14,603 valid votes as 91 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Sai Maung Lay
Constituency: Muse (2)
(Eligible Voters – 16,485; Votes Cast – 10,058;
Valid Votes – 8,556; Number of Candidates – 2)
Date of Birth: 1947
Place of Birth: Kyaukme
Parents: U Hla Maung and Daw Mine Khum
U Sai Maung Lay graduated in Botany from Mandalay University in 1972 and worked
as a clerk at Muse Township Co-operative for two years. From 1976-1984 he was
secretary and then vice-chairman of Muse Township Co-operative, and was also a
member of the Muse Township Council of People’s Justice. U Sai Maung Lay
received 4,500 valid votes as 53 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Sai Tha Aye
Constituency: Namhkam
(Eligible Voters – 44,789; Votes Cast – 36,095;
Valid Votes – 32,298; Number of Candidates – 3)
Place of Birth: Hsenwi
Father: U Wa Harwam and Daw Kham Sa
U Sai Tha Aye is a member of the SNLD Central Executive Committee. He studied
until regional college and then attended training at the
v
Name:
U Sai Tin Win
Constituency: Namtsang
(Eligible Voters – 20,941; Votes Cast – 11,428; Valid Votes – 9,736; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 1943
Place of Birth: Loilem
Father: U Mya Kyi
U Sai Tin Win completed high school in 1963. In 1981 he was secretary of
Namtsang Township People’s Council when all members of the Council were
arrested by the BSPP. U Sai Tin Win received 3,752 valid votes as 39 % in the
1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Sao Tha Tint
Constituency: Pinlaung (2)
(Eligible Voters – 1,700; Votes Cast – 1,464; Valid Votes – 1,302; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: April 1934
Parents: Lord Sao Kham Chok and Maha Devi Sao Mya Sit
U Sao Tha Tint died on
v
Name:
U Khun Gyi
Constituency: Tangyan (1)
(Eligible Voters – 10,447; Votes Cast – 4,251;
Valid Votes – 3,411; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1930
Parents: U Khun Sein and Daw Nine
U Khun Gyi attended Taunggyi Teacher Training School in 1953 and worked as a
teacher at Hkine Part Village in Tangyan. He is now working as a farmer in
Tangyan. U Khun Gyi received 1,865 valid votes as 55 % in the 1990 elections.
|
v
Name:
U Tun Hsa (aka U Sai Tun Win)
Constituency: Tangyan (2)
(Eligible Voters – 12,492; Votes Cast – 6,647;
Valid Votes – 5,694; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1947
Place of Birth: Kattaung Village
Parents: U Khan Ywat and Daw Nan Luk
U Tun Hsa passed tenth standard at Taunggyi State High School No.6 in 1970. He
attended
v
Name:
U Yankyin Maw
Constituency: Kunlong
Date of Birth: 1938
Place of Birth:
Parents: U Yanwin Pyaung and Daw Li Shoutlouk
U Yankyin Maw is the chairman of the SSKDP and has attended the National
Convention.
TA-ANG
(PALAUNG) NATIONAL LEAGUE FOR DEMOCRACY (TNLD)
v
Name:
U Ai Yi (aka U Hla Han)
Constituency: Kutkai (2)
(Eligible Voters – 6,898; Votes Cast – 4,522; Valid Votes – 3,774; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 1946
Place of Birth:
Parents: U Maukhum and Daw Aye Pwint
The SLORC banned the TNLD on
v
Name:
U Tun Kyaw
Constituency: Namhsan
(Eligible Voters – 19,346; Votes Cast – 10,914;
Valid Votes – 9,534; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 1949
Place of Birth: Manlang Village, Namsan
Parents: U Aike Sin and Daw Hl
U Tun Kyaw is a Central Committee member of the TNLD and chairman of the
party’s Namsan Township Organising Committee. He received an Agricultural degree
from
UNION
DANU LEAGUE FOR DEMOCRACY (UDLD)
v
Name:
U Myint Than
Constituency: Kalaw
(Eligible Voters – 62,010; Votes Cast – 37,984; Valid Votes – 31,178; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: July 1947
Parents: U Nyo Saint and Daw Shwe
The SLORC banned the UDLD on
UNION
NATIONAL DEMOCRACY PARTY (UNDP)
v
Name:
U Aung Thein
Constituency: Ywangan
(Eligible Voters – 28,996; Votes Cast – 23,488; Valid Votes – 18,168; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 1948
Place of Birth: Tavoy
Father: U Maung Than
The SLORC banned the UNDP on
UNION
PA-O NATIONAL ORGANIZATION (UPNO)
v
Name:
U San Hla
Constituency: Hopong
Date of Birth: 1940
Place of Birth: Hopong
Father: U Kungmar
U San Hla is an executive member of the UPNO and was a member of Hopong
Township People’s Council from 1974-1982.
v
Name:
U Sein Win
Constituency: Hsi Hseng
(Eligible Voters – 11,149; Votes Cast – 7,096;
Valid Votes – 5,944; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: September 1941
Place of Birth: Naung Tsom Village, Hopong
Father: U Sayalay
U Sein Win studied at Taing Chit School in Mandalay and worked as a teacher for
three years from 1965. He was also an executive member of the Hsi Hseng
Township People’s Council from 1981 until the 1988 uprising. U Sein Win
received 2,110 valid votes as 36 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Maung Gyi
Constituency: Pinlaung (1)
(Eligible Voters – 7,917; Votes Cast – 6,056;
Valid Votes – 4,716; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: January 1937
Place of Birth: Tikyit Village, Pinlaung
Father: U Ka Kay
U Maung Gyi studied at Kalaw, Mandalay and Rangoon and obtained a degree from
Rangoon University where he was vice-chairman of the Pa-O Students’ Union. He
later worked as the chief clerk of Pinlaung Township BSPP Party Unit for three
years, and in 1974 was elected the Member for
NATIONAL UNITY PARTY (NUP)
v
Name:
U Khun Tun Lu
Constituency: Hopang
U Khun Tun Lu is a Member of Parliament (MP) representing the National Unity Party
(NUP).After the 1990 elections, U Saw Philip @ U Philip Sam lodged a complaint
against U Khun Tun Lu with the Election Tribunal No. (4). At the hearing the
court found there was not enough evidence against U Khun Tun Lu, and dismissed
the complaint.
|
Location:
Climate: The southern part of
Irrawaddy Division has a monsoon climate of the tropical region and the
northern part having decreased rainfall has
Irrawaddy Division lies at the southern end of the central plains of
The southern part of Irrawaddy Division has a monsoon climate of the tropical
region and the northern part having decreased rainfall has
Population, inhabitants, religion and dialect: In
In
Organization of districts, towns and villages: The Irrawaddy
Division is made up of five districts namely Bassein(Pathein).
Henzada(Hinthada), Myaungmya, Maubin and Pyapon.
The division has been constituted with 26 townships. wards
and village-tracts. The area of the division is 13,567 sq. miles. The estimated
population is over6.5 million. It is the most populous among stales and
divisions. The average population density per sq mile is 466 persons. Pathein is
the principal city of the division.
NATIONAL LEAGUE FOR DEMOCRACY (NLD)
v
Name:
U Win Kyaing
Constituency: Bogale (1)
(Eligible Voters – 83,906; Votes Cast – 45,958;
Valid Votes – 38,608; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 15 May 1945
Place of Birth: Kama Kalu Village, Bogale
Parents: U Kyaw Sein and Daw Kyin Tint
U Win Kyaing is the Bogale Township organiser of the NLD and on 12 December
1996, the Election Commission announced that he had resigned as an MP. It is
understood that the SLORC authorities used intimidation to force U Win Kyaing
to resign. U Win Kyaing has a Bachelor
of Science degree majoring in Physics from
v
Name:
Dr. Sein Myint
Constituency: Bogale (2)
(Eligible Voters – 89,656; Votes Cast – 58,635; Valid Votes – 52,045; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 13 April 1954
Place of Birth: Kadon Kani Village, Bogale Township
Parents: U Than Tun and Daw Khin Sein
Dr. Sein Myint is an NLD organiser for Irrawaddy Division. On
v
Name: U
Win Myint
Constituency: Danubyu (1)
(Eligible Voters – 50,953; Votes Cast – 41,659; Valid Votes – 36,689; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 8 November 1951
Place of Birth: Nyaungpin Kyaung Village, Danubyu
Parents: U Tun Kyin and Daw Than
U Win Myint is in charge of the Danubyu Township NLD Information Committee. He
was among the 88 NLD MPs who boycotted the National Convention in December
1995. He received a Bachelor of Science degree in Geology from Rangoon Arts and
v
Name:
U Thaung Yi
Constituency: Danubyu (2)
(Eligible Voters – 52,825; Votes Cast – 43,031;
Valid Votes – 38,258; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 10 September 1945
Parents:U Ngwe Sin and Daw Saw Hla
The Election Commission announced on 21 January 1997 that U Thaung Yi had
resigned as an MP. U Thaung Yi received a Bachelor of Arts (Law) degree and a
Bachelor of Law degree from
v
Name: Dr.
Myo Nyunt
Constituency: Dedaye (1)
(Eligible Voters – 49,076; Votes Cast – 35,788;
Valid Votes – 30,884; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 14 July 1953
Place of Birth: Dedaye
Parents: U Ba Chit and Daw Kyin Mya
The SLORC arrested him in May 1996 and charged him under the 1992 Medicines Act, Article 19(a). He
was sentenced to seven years imprisonment with hard labour. Dr. Myo Nyunt
graduated from Rangoon Institute of Medicine and worked for the Dedaye
Co-operative Clinic from 1979-1984. He then operated his own clinic from
1979-1989. In 1988 he was among the doctors who supported an anti-BSPP statement
from the Burma Medical Association (BMA). He was also a member of the Dedaye
Township BMA Organising Committee. Dr. Myo Nyunt received 17,957 valid votes as
58 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U
Than Tun
Constituency: Dedaye (2)
(Eligible Voters – 52,412; Votes Cast – 39,577; Valid Votes – 34,384; Number of
Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 15 June 1949
Place of Birth: Dedaye
Parents:U That and Daw Tin Hla
U Than Tun was expelled from the NLD on 10 January 1997 along with U
Thein Kyi from Taungdwingyi (1), Magwe Division. The two were accused of
breaking party rules by distributing leaflets expressing the desire to rejoin
SLORC’s National Convention. U Than Tun had joined the boycott of the National
Convention in December 1995 with other NLD representatives. Until his expulsion
from the party, U Than Tun was the head of Irrawaddy Division NLD Organising
Committee. In 1969 he was imprisoned for
a year and eight months for his participation in the South East Asian Games
demonstration. U Than Tun graduated in Geology from
(1) In this report the two MPs
criticized (a) Daw Aung San Suu Kyi’s
anti-investment policy, (b) they also
urged the party to give the SLORC due credit for bringing in the fifteen
insurgent groups into the legal fold and to be able to make the Drug Warlord
Khun Sa surrender unconditionally, (c) to study the feasability of the ‘104’
points agreed upon at the National Convention, (d) to look into the
shortcomings of the NLD party and to make unbias assessment on the possibility
of having a so-called dialogue with the SLORC, (e) to accept the reality that
the SLORC is undeniably moving towards democracy.
(2) On
(3) On
In 1999, he and two other MP-elects,
U Kyi Win (Mingaladon-1) and U Tin Tun Maung (Mingaladon-2) were behind a
letter sent to NLD leaders urging fresh attempts to initiate dialogue with the
junta, which is accused by the party and foreign groups of gratuitous human
rights abuses.The letter said Daw Aung San Suu Kyi’s call last year for a
meeting of a parliament elected in 1990 had badly backfired.It said the move
had led to a political stalemate, encouraged the government to systematically
dismantle the NLD by arresting MPs and triggered mass forced resignations from
township organizations set up with “great difficulty”. “This stalemate has also
slowed down economic development and much needed foreign investment and
strained international relations”, the letter, signed in all by 25 NLD-MPs said.
The alleged ringleader of the group, U Than Tun has been detained several times
by the regime.He first upset the mainstream NLD leadership in 1996 when he and
an MP colleague, lawyer U Thein Kyi queried why the party had walked out of the
national convention that was drafting the new Constitution. U Than Tun received 19,612 valid votes as 57 % in the 1990
elections.
v
Name: U
Nyunt Hlaing
Constituency: East Bassein (1)
(Eligible Voters – 50,597; Votes Cast – 38,637;
Valid Votes – 32,770; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1945
Father: U Than Maung
U Nyunt Hlaing was arrested on 13 September 1988 because of his involvement as
the Chairman of the All Irrawaddy Servants and Labour Union during the August
uprising. He was forced to retire from his job on
v
Name: U
Hla Kyi
Constituency: East Bassein (2)
(Eligible Voters – 48,409; Votes Cast – 38,034; Valid Votes – 31,767: Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 1945
Place of Birth: Bassein
Parents:U That Tun and Daw Saw
U Hla Kyi is the Treasurer of the Irrawaddy Division NLD and is the division’s
chief organiser. He was arrested and later released on
v
Name:
U Tin Htut
Constituency: Einme (1)
(Eligible Voters – 45,061; Votes Cast – 37,068;
Valid Votes – 31,128; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 25 June 1934
Place of Birth: Einme
Parents: U Yon Kaung and Daw Thein Mya
U Tin Htut was dismissed from Parliament by the Election Commission by
Declaration no. 987 on 20 December 1991 and was banned from running in any
future elections. He was earlier arrested on 23 October 1990 for his
involvement in the NLD’s Three Ways to Attain Power (3 Strategies Paper) and was imprisoned for seven years
under the 1950 Emergency Provision Act, Articles 5(a) (b) and (j). He now
resides in
v
Name: U Myint Maung
Constituency: Einme (2)
(Eligible Voters – 44,901; Votes Cast – 36,899;
Valid Votes – 30,770; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 13 September 1937
Father: U Maung Tin
U Myint Maung is a former minister of the NCGUB who surrendered to the SLORC in
1994. He left
v
Name:
U Mya Than
Constituency: Henzada (1)
(Eligible Voters – 107,098; Votes Cast – 83,129; Valid Votes – 67,704; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Parents’ Name: U Thein Maung and Daw Saw Tin
U Mya Than received the Star of Independence (First Class) for his involvement
in the fight for an independent
v
Name: Dr Zaw Myint
Constituency: Henzada (2)
(Eligible Voters – 100,149; Votes Cast – 80,853; Valid Votes – 71,345; Number of Candidates –
4)
Date of Birth: 2 November 1943
Place of Birth: Molumine
Parents: U Pha Tin and Daw Kyin Mya
Dr. Zaw Myint was arrested in January 1991 for attending meetings in Mandalay
in 1990 in order to form a provisional government. He was imprisoned for 25
years under Penal Code Article
122(1). The Election Commission dismissed him from Parliament on
v
Name: U Mya Win
Constituency: Ingapu (1)
(Eligible Voters – 68,286; Votes Cast – 53,605;
Valid Votes – 45,596; Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 6 September 1949
Place of Birth: Ingapu
Parents: U Tun Myaing and Daw Mi
U Mya Win was arrested and sentenced to 25 years imprisonment by the SLORC
under Criminal Code 122(1). On
v
Name:
U Than Tin
Constituency: Kyaiklat (1)
(Eligible Voters – 45,458; Votes Cast – 35,056;
Valid Votes – 30,873; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1930
Place of Birth: Htanbinkone Village, Ingapu
Father: U Htuar
U Than Tin studied at Htanbinkone State Primary School, Henzada National High
School and Rangoon Private Educational School until he reached Tenth Standard.
He worked as a clerk at the government publishing house from 1955-1957 and
currently works as a trader. U Than Tin received 16,451 valid votes as 53 % in
the 1990 elections.
v
Name:U
Tin Win
Constituency: Kyaiklat (2)
(Eligible Voters – 46,027; Votes Cast – 33,590; Valid Votes – 29,710; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1955
Place of Birth: Kankyaung Village, Kyaiklat
Father: U Thar Maung
U Tin Win boycotted the National Convention on 28 December 1995 with other NLD
representatives. He studied at Kyaiklat State Primary High Schools until he
reached Tenth Standard. During the 1988 uprising he was an executive member of
a local trade union. He was expelled from the NLD in 1999, as renegade
MP (the “ lackey “ of SPDC). U Tin Win received 14,351 valid votes as 48 % in
the 1990 elections.
v
Name:Dr.
Ye Myint
Constituency: Kyangin
(Eligible Voters – 61,635; Votes Cast – 46,970;
Valid Votes – 36,620; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 7 April 1954
Place of Birth: Rangoon
Dr. Ye Myint was dismissed from his government job as a Doctor in Pegu Division
on 10 April 1989 as a result of his involvement in the pro-democracy movement.
He was a part of the NLD boycott of the National Convention in December
1995.Dr. Ye Myint got his medical degree in 1979 from Rangoon Institute of
Medicine. He was an Assistant Doctor at Tiddim People’s Hospital in
v
Name:
U Saw Lwin
Constituency: Kyaunggon (1)
(Eligible Voters – 39,570; Votes Cast – 32,492;
Valid Votes – 26,927; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 10 February 1955
Place of Birth: Kyaunggon
Parents: U Nyo Gyi and Daw Nyein
On 15 February 1997, Military Intelligence Service (MIS) officers and the
police raided a meeting of the Kyaunggon Township NLD Organising Committee. The
MIS and police swore at the participants and beat a number of them including
Dr. Hla Win of Kyaunggon 2 constituency, Irrawaddy Division. U Saw Lwin, Dr.
Hla Win and another four NLD members were charged under Penal Code Article 505(b) and were sentenced to two years. U Saw
Lwin obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree majoring in History in 1983. U Saw Lwin
received 16,563 valid votes as 62 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: Dr. Hla Win
Constituency: Kyaunggon (2)
(Eligible Voters – 40,796; Votes Cast – 33,695;
Valid Votes – 29,205; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 11 July 1955
Father: U Tha Khin
Dr. Hla Win was kicked and beaten by MIS officers and police when they raided a
meeting of the Kyaunggon Township NLD Organising Committee on 15 February 1997.
The MIS and police swore at the participants and Dr. Hla Win was hit and
kicked. Dr. Hla Win and five other NLD members were charged under Penal Code Article 505(b) and were
sentenced to two years.In 1979 Dr. Hla Win obtained a degree
in medicine from the
v
Name: U
Mahn Johnny
Constituency: Kyonpyaw (1)
(Eligible Voters – 66,058; Votes Cast – 50,523; Valid Votes – 43,508; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 31 January 1942
Place of Birth: Singaungyi Village, Bassein
Parents: U Kyaw Oo and Daw Chat
U Mahn Johnny finished high school in 1960 and studied at Bassein Regional
College. He later worked as a primary school teacher in 1965 and as a secondary
school teacher in 1967. He got a Diploma of Education from the
v
Name:
U Tin
Constituency: Kyonpyaw (2)
(Eligible Voters – 63,678; Votes Cast – 51,579;
Valid Votes – 44,929; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 3 February 1917
Father: U Kyaw Oo
U Tin left school in 1937 and joined a Mandalay Division of the British Army.
He rose to the rank of Sergeant and then resigned due to health reasons. He was
involved in the independence movement against the Japanese and the British and
later received the Star of Independence (Second Class). U Tin was also a leader
of the Asian Youth Association, deputy military leader of the People’s
Volunteer Force (PVF) and Vice-Chairman of Kyonpyaw Township AFPFL. During
v
Name:
U Kyi Win
Constituency: Labutta (1)
(Eligible Voters – 75,963; Votes Cast – 43,483; Valid Votes – 35,135; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth:
Place of Birth: Labutta
Parents: U Thaung Shein and Daw Kyin Sein
U Kyi Win is the
v
Name:
Dr. Aye Kyu
Constituency: Labutta (2)
(Eligible Voters – 71,279; Votes Cast – 42,641;
Valid Votes – 34,627; Number of Candidates – 2)
Date of Birth: 29 January 1949
Place of Birth: Rangoon
Father: U Shwe Phone
Dr. Aye Kyu is the Labutta Township organiser for the NLD. He obtained a
Bachelor of Medicine degree from Rangoon Institute of Medicine in 1977 and
currently operates a private clinic in Labutta. Dr. Aye Kyu received 19,676
valid votes as 57 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U
Si Maung
Constituency: Laymyetna (1)
(Eligible Voters – 32,595; Votes Cast – 25,403;
Valid Votes – 22,003; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 27 January 1947
Place of Birth: Khong Gyi Village, Lay Myetna
Parents: U Maung Shein and Daw Thein
U Si Maung died of malaria in the western mountain gange in Laymyetna Township
on 30 January 1991 while on the run from the SLORC authorities. After the 1990
election he participated in the July 1990 Gandhi Hall meeting of NLD MPs, and
as a result the authorities sought his arrest and declared him a fugitive. The
day he died the Election Commission dismissed him as an MP.U Si Maung studied
Psychology at
v
Name:
U Hsan Myint
Constituency: Laymyethna (2)
(Eligible Voters – 30,509; Votes Cast – 24,835; Valid Votes – 22,717; Number of
Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 2 May 1950
Place of Birth: Athoke, Yekyi
Parents: U Chit Aye and Daw Aye Tin
U Hsan Myint was arrested and charged under the 1985 Video Act for distributing speeches of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi.U Hsan
Myint is a High Court Advocate and is in charge of the Laymyethna Township NLD
Organising Committee. He received a Bachelor of Arts (Law) degree from
v
Name:
U Hla Myint
Constituency: Maubin (2)
(Eligible Voters – 79,605; Votes Cast – 52,563; Valid Votes – 46,628; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 1942
Place of Birth: Thanbyuzu Village, Maubin
Father: U Tint
U Hla Myint was arrested on 19 November 1996 and sentenced to seven years
imprisonment.U Hla Myint studied until Seventh Standard and then served as a
soldier for the BIA, BDA and the PBF. He was a member of the Dobama Asiayone (We Burma Association)
from 1942-1945 and was also the Secretary of the Union Party in the Maubin
District from 1958-1962. He then worked as a Primary School Teacher at the
v
Name:
U Hla Pe
Constituency: Mawlamyinegyun (1)
(Eligible Voters – 72,418; Votes Cast – 53,247; Valid Votes – 47,069; Number of Candidates –
4)
Date of Birth: 19 January 1927
Father: U Maung Hsai
U Hla Pe is a member of the NLD Central Executive Committee (CEC) and is in charge
of the NLD Irrawaddy Division. He was appointed a Central Committee member of
the party after the NLD was founded on
v
Name:
U Tin Hla
Constituency: Mawlamyinegyun (2)
(Eligible Voters – 70,457; Votes Cast – 45,352; Valid Votes – 39,215; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 4 October 1936
Place of Birth: Mawlamyinegyun
Father: U Po Thaw
U Tin Hla completed Tenth Standard at Mawlamyinegyun State High School. U Tin
Hla received 20,317 valid votes as 52 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U Tin Oo
Constituency: Myanaung (1)
(Eligible Voters – 67,881; Votes Cast – 49,245;
Valid Votes – 42,629; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 1 June 1941
Place of Birth: Padaukgone Village, Henzada
Parents: U Kyaw Hmwe and Daw Lay
U Tin Oo was arrested on 31 October 1997 while visiting a friend in Henzada for
not reporting his whereabouts to the authorities. He was detained for 15 days
with hard labour and his host was given seven days imprisonment, also with hard
labour. U Tin Oo boycotted the National Convention in December 1995 with other
NLD representatives. He graduated in Arts from
v
Name:
U Myint Thein
Constituency: Myanaung (2)
(Eligible Voters – 71,909; Votes Cast – 52,025; Valid Votes – 44,311; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 4 January 1955
Place of Birth: Myanaung
Parents: U Mu and Daw Nyo
U Myint Thein is the head of the Myanaung Township NLD Organising Committee.
While he was studying Mathematics at Bassein College in 1976 he was sentenced
to two years imprisonment under the 1950
Emergency Provision Act Article 5 (j) due to his involvement in the March
1976 Thakhin Kodaw Hmine demonstration. After he was released he received a
Mathematics degree in 1982.He was expelled from the NLD in 1999, as
renegade MP (the “ lackey “ of SPDC). U Myint Thein received 31,160 valid votes
as 70 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
U Aung Kyin
Constituency: Myaungmya (1)
(Eligible Voters – 84,757; Votes Cast – 61,112;
Valid Votes – 51,575; Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 3 February 1957
Place of Birth: Myaungmya
Father: U Maung Kyin
U Aung Kyin obtained a Bachelor of Science degree majoring in Physics in 1981.
He was a part of the NLD boycott of the National Convention on
v
Name: U Soe Min
Constituency: Myaungmya (2)
(Eligible Voters – 86,526; Votes Cast – 55,724; Valid Votes – 45,444; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth:
Parents: U Ohn Pe
U Soe Min is the Myaungmya Township NLD organiser. He completed high school in
1977 and obtained a degree in Burmese in 1981 from Bassein College.He was expelled
from the NLD in 1999, as renegade MP (the “ lackey
“ of SPDC). U Soe Min received 26,725 valid votes as 59 % in the 1990
elections.
v
Name: U David Hla Myint
Constituency: Ngapudaw (1)
(Eligible Voters – 72,615; Votes Cast – 46,740;
Valid Votes – 41,265; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 13 May 1959
Place of Birth: Bassein
Parents: U Hla Myint and Daw Han Htay
U David Hla Myint was imprisoned by the SLORC for flying the NLD flag at the
same height as the national flag. He was charged under the State Flag Act, Article 6 and was found to have ‘committed an
offence relating to moral turpitude’. On
v
Name: Dr. Sit Tin
Constituency: Ngapudaw (2)
(Eligible Voters – 76,475; Votes Cast – 54,218;
Valid Votes – 47,860; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 5 June 1960
Place of Birth: Kyonekoo Village
Parents: U Myint Swe
Dr. Sit Tin is the Ngapudaw Township organiser for the NLD. He was harassed and
intimidated by the SLORC into resigning as an MP on
v
Name: U Aung Kyaing
Constituency: Nyaungdon (1)
(Eligible Voters – 52,348; Votes Cast – 38,168;
Valid Votes – 32,962; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 3 December 1936
Place of Birth: Hnekyo Village, Danuphyu
Parents: U Ba Maung and Daw Sein Pu
U Aung Kyaing is the Nyaungdon Township Organiser of the NLD. He was actively
involved in the 1988 uprising and served as the Patron of the League for
Democracy and Peace, the Patron of the Graduate Youth Organisation and Chairman
of the Multi-Departmental Government Servants’
v
Name: U Tha Soe
Constituency: Nyaungdon (2)
|(Eligible Voters – 50,671; Votes Cast – 35,371; Valid Votes – 28,867; Number of Candidates –
5)
Date of Birth: 22 January 1943
Place of Birth: Peiyonseik Village, Nyaungdon
Parents: U Shwe Oo and Daw Saw Tin
U Tha Soe is Chairman of the Nyaungdon Township NLD and was part of the NLD
boycott of the National Convention in December 1995. The Election Commission
announced on
v
Name: Dr. Tin Min Htut
Constituency: Pantanaw (1)
(Eligible Voters – 60,099; Votes Cast – 43,648;
Valid Votes – 37,113; Number of Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 24 May 1952
Place of Birth: Nyaung Kharshe Village, Waw
Parents: U Tun Kyi and Daw Tin Tin
Dr. Tin Min Htut was arrested on 19
February 1997 and charged with illegally
holding 2 Singaporean 20 cent coins. Prior to his arrest the Pantanaw Township
LORC had summoned officials from all departments in the town and asked if Dr.
Tin Min Htut had violated any laws. When they were unable to find something to
charge Dr. Tin Min Htut with, the police chief ordered a search of the doctor’s
home. The police found two Singaporean coins in a toy cup Dr. Tin Min Htut’s
son was playing with and the doctor was subsequently charged and jailed for
possession of illegal currency. Dr. Tin Min Htut received his medical degree in
1976 from Rangoon Institute of Medicine. He was a medical intern at
v
Name: U Mhan Nyunt Thein
Constituency: Pantanaw (2)
(Eligible Voters – 61,192; Votes Cast – 42,204; Valid Votes – 36,113; Number of Candidates
– 5)
Date of Birth:
Place of Birth: Pantanaw
Parents: U Aung Chin Pe and Daw Thaung Kyi
U Mhan Nyunt Thein is the Chairman of Pantanaw Township NLD. He graduated in
Mathematics from
v
Name:
U Thaung Tin
Constituency: Pyapon (1)
(Eligible Voters – 48,498; Votes Cast – 34,402; Valid Votes – 31,528; Number of
Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 1 March 1944
Place of Birth: Alanfloot Village, Pyapon
Parents: U Tun Shwe and Daw Thein
U Thaung Tin voluntarily resigned from Parliament and the NLD on 26 June 1991
after the NLD’s Central Committee dismissed the entire Pyapon Township NLD
Organising Committee, of which he was a member. U Thaung Tin was actively
involved in the 1988 uprising and was Chairman of the Pyapon Township Former
University Students’
v
Name: U Min
Swe
Constituency: Pyapon (2)
(Eligible Voters – 52,684; Votes Cast – 34,758; Valid Votes – 31,864; Number of Candidates –
5)
Date of Birth: 16 March 1944
Place of Birth: Kyonegadon Village, Pyapon
Parents’ Name: U Poe Kyar and Daw Tin Oo
U Min Swe was imprisoned and released from detention on 9 October 2001. He and
his son, Ko Thein Swe, were arrested
by the SLORC on
v
Name: U Hla Myint
Constituency: Thabaung (1)
(Eligible Voters – 40,777; Votes Cast – 30,715;
Valid Votes – 25,022; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 24 February 1947
Place of Birth: Htanpuu Mageegon Village, Thabaung
Parents: U Thein Maung and Daw Thangema
U Hla Myint received a Bachelor of Arts degree majoring in Law from Rangoon
University. He is a High Court Advocate and has worked as the Secretary of the
Bassein Advocates Association for ten years. U Hla Myint received 14,846 valid
votes as 59 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name: U Than Win
Constituency: Thabaung (2)
(Eligible Voters – 40,658; Votes Cast – 31,079;
Valid Votes – 26,545; Number of Candidates – 2)
Date of Birth: May 25 1947
Place of Birth: Kindat Village, Thabaung
Parents: U Han Sein and Daw Yin Mya
U Than Win was arrested and detained by the SLORC for a month from 18 September
to 22 October 1988 due to his involvement in the 1988 uprising. On
v
Name:
U Tin Aung
Constituency: Wakema (1)
(Eligible Voters – 79,490; Votes Cast – 56,878;
Valid Votes – 49,030; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 22 July 1944
Place of Birth: Wakema
Parents: U Maung Cho and Daw Ohn May
U Tin Aung was arrested and charged under the 1950 Emergency Provision Act, Article 5 (j) and his sentence is not
known. He received a Bachelor of Arts (Law) degree in 1972 and a Bachelor of
Law degree in 1973 from
v
Name:
U Tin Chaw
Constituency: West Bassein (1)
(Eligible Voters – 76,777; Votes Cast – 56,925; Valid Votes – 48,918; Number of
Candidates – 5)
Date of Birth: 10 May 1935
Place of Birth: Yae Kyi
Parents: U Hnit and Daw Myit
U Tin Chaw received a Bachelor of Education degree from Rangoon Institute of
Education in 1964. He worked as the Principal of the
v
Name: U Kyaw Min (Architect)
Constituency: West Bassein (2)
(Eligible Voters – 77,222; Votes Cast – 54,357;
Valid Votes – 46,989; Number of Candidates – 6)
Date of Birth: 9 November 1933
Parents:U Ba Kyaw and Daw Aye Kyi
U Kyaw Min, a former member of the CEC of the NLD, was arrested on 21 May 1996
prior to the NLD’s sixth anniversary of the 1990 election, along with U Soe
Thein (MP, Pegu Division) and four other NLD members. They were all charged
under the 1975 State Protection Act,
Article 10(a). U Kyaw Min was previously arrested in May 1991 for his
involvement in the
v
Name:
U Nyunt Win
Constituency: Yekyi (1)
(Eligible Voters – 58,576; Votes Cast – 51,009;
Valid Votes – 45,209; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 1939
Place of Birth: Bassein
Parents: U Ba Ohn and Daw Htwa
U Nyunt Win is a member of Irrawaddy Division NLD Organising Committee. On
v
Name:
U Maung Maung
Constituency: Yekyi (2)
(Eligible Voters – 61,340; Votes Cast – 46,133;
Valid Votes – 39,879; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 23 September 1922
Place of Birth: Ngathai Chaung
Parents’ Name:U Shwe Paw and Daw Sein Tint
The SLORC arrested U Maung Maung for his participation in writing the Three
Ways to Attain Power (3 Strategies Paper) and he was released from Insein Prison on 11 April 1992. The same
day, the Election Commission dismissed as an MP on
v
Name: U Kyaw Myint
Constituency: Zalun (1)
(Eligible Voters – 55,571; Votes Cast – 42,309;
Valid Votes – 37,616; Number of Candidates – 3)
Date of Birth: 30 August 1943
Place of Birth: Yepawthaung Village, Zalun
Parents: U Ohn Hsai and Daw Khin Shwe
U Kyaw Myint obtained a Diploma in Agriculture in 1969 from the Institute of
Agriculture in Pyinmanar, Mandalay Division. U Kyaw Myint received 23,519 valid
votes as 63 % in the 1990 elections.
v
Name:
Constituency: Zalun (2)
(Eligible Voters – 54,361; Votes Cast – 43,673;
Valid Votes – 38,905; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth:
Place of Birth: Myingyan
Parents: U Maung and Daw Pu
Col Kyi Win was passed away on
INDEPENDENT
v
Name: Dr. Sann Aung
Constituency: Ingapu (2)
(Eligible Voters – 72,094; Votes Cast – 54,990;
Valid Votes – 46,665; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 5 July 1955
Place of Birth: Taunggyi
Parents: U Ba Htay and Daw Khin Toke
Dr. Sann Aung was appointed the NCGUB Labour Minister in July 1997 and now
Prime Minister’s Office (East) Minister. He fled to the Liberated Area on the
Thai-Burma border in 1991 and was appointed the NCGUB Minister of Education and
Health. After the 1990 elections, NUP candidate U Thein Tun submitted a letter
of protest stating that Dr. Sann Aung had cheated in the election. His election
symbol was “book” An Election Commission Tribunal investigated the case and
declared that Dr. Sann Aung had violated election laws. The Election Commission
subsequently dismissed Dr. Sann Aung as an MP by Declaration No. 28/92 on
NATIONAL UNITY PARTY (NUP)
v
Name: U Chit Than
Constituency: Maubin (1)
Date of Birth: 1946
Place of Birth:
Father: U Tin Aye
U Chit Than graduated from
v
Name: Col Thet Wai (Retired)
Constituency: Wakema (2)
(Eligible Voters – 72,831; Votes Cast – 49,584;
Valid Votes – 41,528; Number of Candidates – 4)
Date of Birth: 3 June 1928
Place of Birth: Rangoon
Father: U Ba Ba
Col Thet Wai studied at Rangoon University and joined the Army in 1949. He
attended military training courses in
…………………………………………………………………………………
ELECTED MPs REMAINING BEHIND BARS
SR. No. |
NAME |
CONSTITUENCY |
STATE / DIVISION |
PARTY |
PRISON TERM (YEAR) |
1 |
Lt.Col. Kyaw San (Retd.) |
Taze (1) |
Sagaing |
NLD |
7 |
2 |
U Do Htaung |
Kale (1) |
Sagaing |
NLD |
7 |
3 |
Dr. Myint Naing |
Kantbalu (2) |
Sagaing |
NLD |
*25+5 |
4 |
U Toe |
Yebyu |
Tenasserim |
NLD |
7 |
5 |
U Ohn Maung |
Nyaunglebin (1) |
Pegu |
NLD |
7 |
6 |
Dr. Zaw Myint Maung |
Amarapura (1) |
|
NLD |
*25+7+5 |
7 |
U Ohn Kyaing (Aung Wint) |
|
|
NLD |
10+7 |
8 |
U Soe Myint |
Minbu (1) |
Magwe |
NLD |
7 |
9 |
U Kyaw Khin |
Taunggyi (1) |
Shan |
NLD |
10 |
10 |
U Khin Maung Swe |
Sanchaung |
|
NLD |
7 |
11 |
U Sein Hla Oo (Maung Nwe Oo) |
Insein (2) |
|
NLD |
7 |
12 |
Dr. Than Nyein |
Kyauktan (1) |
|
NLD |
7 |
13 |
Dr. May Win Myint |
Mayangone (2) |
|
NLD |
7 |
14 |
U Naing Naing |
Pazundaung |
|
NLD |
(7x3)
21 |
15 |
Khun Myint Tun |
Thaton (1) |
Mon |
NLD |
7 |
16 |
U Yaw Hsi |
Putao |
Kachin |
NLD |
5 |
17 |
Dr. Min Soe Lin |
Ye (1) |
Mon |
MNDF |
7 |
18 |
Dr. Min Kyi Win |
Mudon (2) |
Mon |
MNDF |
7 |
*In 1993, they received a SLORC amnesty (Declaration No. 1/93)
and their sentence was reduced 25 years to 10 years.
25 MPs LIVING
IN EXILE
NO. |
NAME |
CONSTITUENCY |
STATES/
DIVISIONS |
PARTY |
1. |
Dr. Sein Win |
Paukkaung |
Pegu |
PND |
2. |
Dr. Sann Aung |
Ingapu (2) |
|
|
3. |
Dr. Tint Swe |
Pale (2) |
Sagaing |
NLD |
4. |
Dr. Zahle Tang |
Falam (2) |
Chin |
CNLD |
5. |
Khun Marko Ban |
Pekon |
Shan |
DOKNU |
6. |
Khun Teddy Buri |
Loikaw (2) |
Karenni |
NLD |
7. |
Sai Win Pe |
Mong Hsu |
Shan |
SNLD |
8. |
Naing Thaung Shein |
Kawkayeik (2) |
Karen |
MNDF |
9. |
U Bo Hla Tint |
Mogok (2) |
|
NLD |
10. |
U Bo Thaung |
Yinmabin (1) |
Sagaing |
NLD |
11. |
U Daniel Aung |
Mong Ping |
Shan |
LNDP |
12. |
U Hla Oo |
Kyauktaga |
Pegu |
NLD |
13. |
U Liam Ok |
Haka |
Chin |
|
14. |
U Maung Maung Aye |
|
|
NLD |
15. |
U Maung Maung Latt |
Bilin (1) |
Mon |
NLD |
16. |
U Tha Noe |
Rathedaung |
Arakan |
ALD |
17. |
U Than Sein |
Pale (1) |
Sagaing |
NLD |
18. |
U Tang Lian Pau |
Tonzang |
Chin |
ZNC |
19. |
U Thein Oo |
|
|
NLD |
20. |
U Tin Htut |
Einme (1) |
|
NLD |
21. |
U Peter Lin Pin |
Maymyo (2) |
|
|
22. |
U Tun Oo |
Kyaukkyi |
Pegu |
NLD |
23. |
U Tun Yi |
Sandoway |
Arakan |
NLD |
24. |
U Mya Win |
Ingapu (1) |
|
NLD |
25. |
U Khin Kyaw Han |
Yenangyaung (2) |
Magwe |
NLD |
MPs WHO DIED IN PRISON
Three Members of
Parliament (MPs) died in prison between 1990 and 1998 due to torture,
ill-treated and held in conditions that amounted to cruel, inhuman or degrading
treatment. They suffered from lack of medical care and an inadequate diet.
NO. |
NAME |
CONSTITUENCY |
DIED ON |
1 |
U Tin Maung Win |
Kayan (2), |
|
2 |
U Hla Than |
CocoIsland, |
|
3 |
U Saw Win (a) U Kyaw Zaw Lin |
Htilin, Magwe Division |
|
Some died soon after they were
released.
NO. |
NAME |
CONSTITUENCY |
DIED ON |
1 |
U Tin Ko Ko |
Htantabin |
|
2 |
U Kyaw Min (Architect) |
|
|
…………………………………………………………………………………………
New
Elections Commission Formed
Multi-Party Democracy General Elections Commission Law No. 1/88 was promulgated by State LORC Chairman Gen. Saw Maung, as follows: -
For the purpose of holding the multiparty democracy general elections successfully in the Union of Burma, the State Law and Order Restoration Council has enacted the following Law.
Chapter I - Title
1. This Law shall be called the Multiparty Democracy General Elections Commission Law.
Chapter II - Formation
2. The Multiparty Democracy General Elections Commission referred to in
paragraph 2 of the State Law and Order Restoration Council Declaration No. 1/88
dated
3. The State Law and Order Restoration Council may increase the membership and substitute new members in vacant posts of the Multiparty Democracy General Elections Commission.
Chapter III - Rights and Responsiblities
4. The rights and responsibilities of the Multiparty Democracy General Elections Commission are as follows:-
(a) to prepare the successful holding of free and fair multiparty democracy general elections;
(b) to submit necessary laws for enactment by the State Law and Order Restoration Council;
(c) to make necessary by-laws, procedures, orders and instructions;
(d) to form Sub-Commissions of the Multiparty Democracy General Elections Commission;
(e) to appoint staff and set up administrative offices for the Multiparty Democracy General Elections Commission and its Sub-Commissions;
(f) to make necessary arrangements for holding free and fair multiparty general elections; to perform necessary functions; to seek and obtain necessary assistance.
Chapter IV - Miscellaneous
5. The expenses of the Multiparty Democracy General Elections Commission and its Sub-Commissions are the expenditure for holding the general elections shall be borne by the State.
6. The Pyithu Hluttaw and People's Councils Elections Commission Law (1976 Pyithu Hluttaw Law No. 5) is hereby repealed.
Sd. General Saw Maung, Chairman State Law and Order Restoration Council
…………………………………………………………………………………………..
State Law and Order Restoration
Council Law No. 4/88 of 27 Semtember 1988
The State Law and Order Restoration Council for the successful holding of multi-party general elections, hereby enacts the following law:
Chapter 1 Title and Definitions
1. This Law shall be called the Political Parties Registration Law.
2. The following expressions in this Law shall have the following meanings:
(a) political party means an organization that accepts and practices the genuine multi-party democracy;
(b) election means the multi-party general elections;
(c) Commission means the Multi-Party Democracy General Elections Commission.
Chapter II Registration of Political Parties
3. Any political party desirous of contesting the elections shall apply in the prescribed manner for registration to the Commission. The following organizations, however, shall not have the right to apply for registration:--
(a) an organization declared to be an unlawful organization under any existing law;
(b) an organization in revolt with arms against the State;
(c) an organization that uses or accepts directly or indirectly money, buildings, vehicles and other assets owned by the State;
(d) an organization that uses or accepts directly or indirectly money, assets or other aids from a religious organization or government of a foreign country;
(e) an organization that misuses religion for political purposes;
(f) an organization formed by personnel enjoying monthly salaries from the State Budget or personnel from the defence forces such as the Tatmadaw, the Peoples' Police Force, public service organizations, state owned economic boards and corporations.
4. Any political party may contest the election only after permission is granted to register under the law.
Chapter III The Rights of the Commission
5. The Commission on receiving an application for registration by a political party examine it in the prescribed manner and may--
(a) allow registration or
(b) refuse registration.
6. The Commission on finding before holding the elections, that a political party which has been allowed registration is an organization as provided in section 3, sub-sections (a), (b), (c), (d), or (e) shall cancel the respective registration.
7. The Commission on finding before holding the election, that a political party which has been allowed registration is an organization as provided in section 3, sub-section (f), shall inform the respective political party and the respective public service organization to ask the persons concerned to resign from the said political party.
8. The decision of the Commission under section 5, 6 or 7 shall be final.
Chapter IV Miscellaneous
9. The Commission may for the purposes of carrying out the provisions of this law, make rules, procedures, orders and directives.
Sd. General Saw Maung
Chairman
State Law and Order Restoration Council
…………………………………………………………………………………………
Organization
Law
State Law and Order Restoration
Council Law No. 6/88 of
The State Law and Order Restoration Council hereby enacts the following Law--
Chapter I Title and Definitions
1. This Law shall be called the Law relating to Forming of Organizations.
2. The following expressions in this Law shall have the following meanings--
(a) an organization means an association, society, union, party, committee, federation, group of associations, front, club and similar organization that is formed with a group of people for an objective or a programme either with or without a particular name.
(b) a political organization means an organization that has a political movement based upon a certain political ideology.
Chapter II Applying for permission to form organizations
3. (a) Organizations shall apply for permission to form to the Ministry of Home and Religious Affairs according to the prescribed procedure.
(b) Organizations that have already been formed shall apply within thirty days from the promulgation of this Law.
(c) Organizations that are not permitted shall not form or continue to exist and pursue activities.
4. The following organizations do not require to apply for permission to form:
(a) Organizations that are registered and remain so registered under the Protection of National Unity Law, 1964;
(b) Organizations that pursue religious activities only;
(c) Organizations that pursue economic activities only;
(d) Organizations registered under any existing law;
(e) Organizations that have under the Political Parties Registration Law received permission for formation form the Multi-party Democracy General Elections Commission or that have applied or that have submitted that preparations are being made for application.
Chapter III Organizations not permitted to form
5. The following organizations shall not be formed, and if already formed shall not function and shall not continue to exist:
(a) Organizations that are not permitted to register under The Political Parties Registration Law, 1988 or if permitted to register, the registration[s] of which have been cancelled by the Multi-party Democracy General Elections Commission;
(b) Organizations that attempt, instigate, incite, abet or commit acts that may in any way disrupt law and order, peace and tranquility, or safe and secure communications;
(c) Organizations that attempt, instigate, incite, abet or commit acts that may effect or disrupt the regularity of state machinery;
(d) Organizations that are formed with service personnel from the Tatmadaw and the Peoples' Police Force of the defence forces and personnel of public service organizations, State owned economic boards, corporations and other organizations of the State machinery or with service personnel receiving monthly emoluments from the state budget and being either under the influence of or associated with a political party.
Chapter IV Punishments
6. Any person found guilty of committing an offence under Section 3 Sub section (c) or Section 5 shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to five years.
7. Any person found guilty of being a member of, or aiding and abetting or using the paraphernalia of organizations that are not permitted to form or not permitted to continue in existence and provided in Section 3 Sub section (c) or that are not permitted to form as provided in Section 5 shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years.
Chapter V General Provisions
8. The Ministry of Home and Religious Affairs may cancel the registration of those organizations that are found to be acting in ways or for an objective that are different from those at the time of registration.
9. The Ministry of Home and Religious Affairs may make necessary rules, orders, directives and procedures.
Sd. General Saw Maung
Chairman
State Law and Order Restoration Council
………………………………………………………………………………………………
REGISTERED POLITICAL PARTIES
Beginning
(1) Democracy Party
(2) National League for Democracy
(3) People's Democratic Party - Member LDA
(4) People's Youth Federation (
(5) All
(6) Unity and Development Party
(7) Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League - Member LDA
(8) Democratic Front for National Reconstruction (
(9)
(10) Graduates and Old Students Democratic
Association
(11)
(12) National Peace and Democracy Party
(13) Union Karen League - Member UNLD
(14) United Peace Democratic Party,
Registration cancelled at request of Party
(15) Democracy Development Organization -
Member UBDE, Registration cancelled at request of Party
(16) Arakan League for Democracy - Member
UNLD and APDF
(17) National Unity Party [former Burma
Socialist Programme Party-BSPP]
(18) Democratic Party for New Society -
Member UBDF and LDA
(19) People's Volunteer Organization (
(20) Democratic Progress Allied Party
(21) The
(22) The League for Human Rights & Peace
- Member LSNRC, Registration cancelled at request of Party
(23) All
(24) Mon National Democratic Front - Member
UNLD
(25) Patriotic Youth Organization
(26) Youth
(27) All
(28) National Progressive Youth of
(29) People's Democratic Party for Stability of
Freedom & Development - Member LSNRC, Registration cancelled for
failure to nominate any candidates,
(30) Zomi National Congress - Member UNLD
(31) Chin National League for Democracy -
Member UNLD
(32) People's Progressive and Freedom Democracy
Front - Member LDA, Registration cancelled at request of Party
(33) Democratic Labour Party (
(34) Forward National Democracy Front,
Registration cancelled at request of Party
(35)
(36) Democratic League for the National Races of
the
(37) United National Congress - Member UBDF
and NDF
(38) Democratic Human Rights Party
(39) Democracy and Human Rights Organization
(D-H-O) - Member UBDF, Dissolved
(40) The Peace and Economic Development Party of
(41) Real Democracy [System] Party,
Dissolved
(42) Patriotic Old Comrades League
(43) Federal Development Organization (
(44) People's Student Democratic Party,
Registration cancelled at request of Party
(45) Shan Nationalities League for Democracy
- Member UNLD
(46) Progressive Democratic Youth League (
(47) Liberal Democracy Party - Member UBDF, Dissolved
and deregistered
(48) Patriotic Democratic Youth Front (
(49) Association of
(50) Democratic Youth Organization (
(51) People's Solidarity and Action Party -
Member LDA, Registration cancelled at request of Party
(52)
(53) Democratic Republican Front (
(54) Youth and Student Union Association,
Registration cancelled at request of Party
(55) Peasants' Unity Organization
(56) Youth Unity Organization
(57) Workers' Unity Organization
(58) Rakhine Unity and Democracy Association
- Member APDF, Registration cancelled for failure to nominate any candidates,
(59) All
(60) Society for International Friendship (
(61) Youths' Solidarity Front (
(62) National Party - Member UBDF
(63)
(64) Arakan People's United Organization -
Member UNLD and
APDF Registration cancelled at request
of Party
(65) Shan National Development Democratic Party
(
(66) Democratic People's League (DPL) -
Member UBDF and
DAL
(67) Party for Unity and Peace - Member
ULDP, Registration cancelled at request of Party Dec. 11, l989
(68) Organization of Peace and Welfare for
Democracy (
(69) Union Youth Party - Member ULDP,
Registration cancelled at request of Party
(70) Students' Revolutionary Party for Democracy
(SRDP), Registration cancelled for failure to nominate at least three
candidates,
(71) Independent Democratic Union Party -
Member ULDP, Registration cancelled at request of Party
(72)
(73) Northern Shan State Youth Unity and
Development Organization - Registration cancelled at request of Party
(74) The
(75) Democratic Party for Youth Society -
Dissolved and deregistered
(76) Peoples Power Party (PPP)
(77) Union Stability Party (USP) - Member
UBDF
(78) The Arakan National Unity Organization
(ANUO)
(79) Faithful Democratic Federation - Member
UBDF, Dissolved and deregistered
(80)
(81) National Promotion Forum - Registration
cancelled for failure to nominate any candidates,
(82) Liberal People's Party - Member
ULDP and UBDF Registration cancelled at request of Party
(83) League for New State Democracy - Member
UBDF, Registration cancelled at request of Party
(84)
(85) Union Paoh National Organization -
Member UNLD
(86) National Peace Party (NPP)
(87) Patriotic League for Peace -
Registration cancelled at request of Party
(88) National Democratic Party for Human Rights
- Member UBDF and NDF
(89) Free People League of
(90) Highlander's Democratic Party - Member
UNLD, Registration cancelled for failure to nominate any candidates,
(91) Arakanese Peace & Human Rights Party
- Member UNLD, Registration cancelled at request of Party
(92)
(93)
(94) People's Peace Organization of
(95) Party for National Development - Member
UBDF, Registration cancelled for failure to nominate any candidates,
(96) Arakan Nationalities Democracy Party
(97) Organization of Students and Youth for
National Politics - Registration cancelled at request of Party
(98) Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League
(Original) (Hq); AFPFL (Original) (Hq)
(99)
(100) New Burma Party - Registration
cancelled for failure to nominate any candidates,
(101) The
(102) United Democratic Youth League - Member
UBDF, Registration cancelled at request of Party
(103) National Peace and Comfort Party -
Member DAL, Registration cancelled for failure to nominate at least three
candidates,
(104) New Democracy Party - Dissolved
(105) New Ideology Improvement Party for Social
System - Dissolved and deregistered
(106) People's Progressive Party (Rangoon) -
Member LDA, Registration cancelled on 19 September 1989 as “ above ground
organization of the Burma Communist Party “ in contravention of Section 3 (b)
of the Political Party Registration Law.
(107) Union of Burma Democratic League -
Dissolved and deregistered
(108) Rule of People's Democracy League -
Member UBDF, Registration cancelled for failure to nominate any candidates,
(109) Ever Green Young Men Association
(Monywa) - Member NSF, Registration cancelled on 19 September 1989 as “ above
ground organization of the Burma Communist Party “ in contravention of Section
3 (b) of the Political Party Registration Law.
(110) Union Democratic Congress, Registration
cancelled at request of Party
(111) League for Mother Democracy - Member
ULDP and LSNRC, Registration cancelled at request of Party
(112) League of Peasants' Unions (
(113) Democracy Reformation League - Member
UBDF, Registration cancelled at request of Party
(114) United Trade Union Congress (
(115) League for the Vitality of People's
Democracy - Registration cancelled at request of Party
(116) National Solidarity League,
(117) Students and Youths League for Mayyu
Development (Arakan)
(118) Rakhine Races United Democratic Party
(RRUDP) - Member UBDF, Registration cancelled for failure to nominate any
candidates,
(119) Justice Party - Member UBDF,
Registration cancelled at request of Party
(120) National Fitness and Peace Party -
Member UBDF and LSNRC, Registration cancelled at request of Party
(121) National Republican Federation (NRF) -
Member UBDF, Registration cancelled for failure to nominate any candidates,
(122)
(123) Genuine National Democratic Youth
Organization - Dissolved and deregistered
(124) Republican Party - Member LSNRC,
Registration cancelled at request of Party
(125) United Democratic Front (UDF) - Member
UBDF, Dissolved
(126) All-Burma Peasant Organization (before Dec.
26, Peasant Party (
(127) Trade Union Congress (
(128) League for Peace of All Shan Youth &
Students, Registration cancelled at request of Party
(129) The New Life Party, Registration
cancelled at request of Party
(130) National Politics Front (NPF) (Mandalay)
- Member NSF and LDA, Registration cancelled on 19 September 1989 as “ above
ground organization of the Burma Communist Party “ in contravention of Section
3 (b) of the Political Party Registration Law.
(131) Union Progress and Justice Action Party (UPJAP)
- Member UBDF , Registration cancelled for failure to nominate any candidates,
(132) Farmer, Gadu, Ganan and Shan National Unity
Democratic Headquarters (Banmauk
Myo) - Member UBDF
(133) Ta-ang (Palaung) National League for
Democracy - Member UNLD
(134) Shan State Kokang Democratic Party
(135) Guidance Democracy Party (GDP) -
Registration cancelled at request of Party
(136) United Force Party - Registration
cancelled at request of Party
(137) Kokang Democracy and Unity Party
(138) Democratic Action Party of Burma (DAB)
- Member NSF, Registration cancelled at request of Party
(139) Youth Organization of Anti-Fascist People's
Freedom League (Original) (
(140) All
(141) League for Democracy and Peace (LDP) ….
Elections Commission Announcement No. 908 of 4 february 1991 cancelled the
registration of the League for Democracy and Peace (LDP).The statement noted,
inter alia, that the LDP “split in two – one led by Thakin Thein Pe and the
other by U Tin Maung Aye and U Maung Maung Tar “, and that many CEC members had
been cancelled for refusal to resign from U Nu’s “ parallel government
“.Therefore, “as the splinter groups could not be reunited … during the
six-month period allowed”, the LDP “has been cancelled from the list of
registered political parties”.
(142) Union National League (
(143) National Democratic Peace and Solidarity
Party (NDPSP) - Member NSF, Registration cancelled at request of Party
(144) Peasants and Workers Development Democracy
League (PWDDL) - Member UBDF, Registration cancelled for failure to
nominate any candidates,
(145) People's Justice Party (
(146) Peasants & Workers League for
Democratic New-Construction (
(147) League of New Generations (
(148)
(149) League for Arakan Students and Youths -
Dissolved and deregistered
(150) People's Front for Democracy Construction
- Member UBDF, Registration cancelled at request of Party
(151) Peasants' Development Party (PDP)
(152) Shan State Kachin Democratic Party -
Member UNLD
(153) Kachin National Congress (KNC) - Member
UNLD
(154) Patriotic Democracy Party (PDP) -
Member DAL, Registration cancelled at request of Party
(155) Progressive New Burma Party (PNBP) -
Registration cancelled for failure to nominate any candidates,
(156)
(157) Coalition League for Democratic Party Unity,
Registration cancelled at request of Party
(158) Union DANU League for Democracy
(159) Pa-O National Development Organization
- Registration cancelled at request of Party
(160) League for Democracy
(161) National Ethnic Reformation Party
(Headquarters) - Member UBDF and NDF
(162) People's Pioneer Party (PPP) - Member
UBDF and LSNRC
(163) Kamans National League for Democracy -
Member UNLD
(164) Kuki Chin National Unity Party (KCNUP)
- Registration cancelled for failure to nominate any candidates,
(165) Democratic Organization for Kayan National
Unity (DOKNU)
(166) Mara People's Party (MPP)
(167) Union Nationals Democracy Party (UNDP)
(168) Democratic People and Retired Personnel
Organization (DPRPO) - Member ULDP, Dissolved
(169)
(170) Mro or Khami National Solidarity
Organization (MKNSO) - Member UNLD
(171) People's Potential Democratic Youth League
- Member UBDF, Dissolved and deregistered
(172) Real, Peace [Open], Just-Democratic Party (
(173)
(174) New Strength Democratic Allied Party -
Dissolved and deregistered
(175) Southern Chin Democracy Party (SCDP),
Registration cancelled for failure to nominate any candidates,
(176) Youth and Students Democracy Forces -
Registration cancelled at request of Party
(177) Amyothar Party (AP)
(178) Patriotic People's Parliamentary Party,
Registration cancelled for failure to nominate any candidates,
(179) National League for Democracy Justice
(NLDJ)
(180) All Burma Liberated Women's Organization,
Registration cancelled at request of Party
(181) (Main) AFPFL Youth Hqs - Registration cancelled
for failure to nominate any candidates,
(182) Asho-Chin National Development League
(ANDL) - Registration cancelled for failure to nominate at least three
candidates,
(183) The Might of New Generation Youth Front (
(184) Non-Aligned People's Democracy Party -
Registration cancelled for failure to nominate any candidates,
(185) Wa National Development Party
(186) Mikhin Bama Pyi Aphwe - Member UBDF,
Registration cancelled for failure to nominate any candidates,
(187) Lisu National Solidarity (LNS)
(188) National Economic League for Trade,
Registration cancelled at request of Party
(189) Karen National Congress for Democracy
(KNCD)
(190) National Progressive Socialist League
(NPSL), Registration cancelled for failure to nominate at least three
candidates,
(191) Matured Democratic Party (MDP),
Registration cancelled at request of Party
(192) Inn-Tha National Organization
(193) The Rakhine National Humanitarian
Development Organization
(194) Indigenous Race Collaboration Party
(195) People's Party - Member ULDP,
Registration cancelled at request of Party
(196) Union Party (UP) - Registration
cancelled at request of Party
(197) Federal Democratic Party (FDP),
Registration cancelled at request of Party
(198) Union People's Future and Democracy Party
(199) United League of Democratic Parties
Alliance of following
8 parties:
Democratic Labour Party (Burma), Party for Unity and Peace, Union Youth Party,
Independent Democratic Union Party, Liberal People's Party, League for Mother
Democracy, Democratic People and Retired Personnel Organization, and People's
Party [ also a Member of Union of Burma
Democratic Front; also a Member of
Leading Strength of National Realism Central;
also a Member of Democratic Allies' League (DAL) ]
(200) Anti-Communist, Anti-Socialist,
Anti-Totalitarian Free Democracy League
(201) Conservative Party
(202) National Politics Women Force (NPWF) -
Member NSF, Registration cancelled at request of Party
(203) National Economic Development Force (NEDF)
- Member NSF, Registration cancelled at request of Party
(204) National Politics Peasant Force (NPPF)
- Member NSF, Registration cancelled at request of Party
(205) National Politics Labour Force (NPLF) -
Member NSF, Registration cancelled at request of Party
(206) National Politics Front (Youth) -
Member NSF …. Election Commission Announcement No. 909 of
(207) Lahu National Development Party (LNDP)
(208) National Democracy Establishment Party
(Central) (NDEP) - Member LSNRC, Registration cancelled at request of
party,
(209) Patriotic Indigenous Physicians League
- Registration cancelled at request of Party
(210) Esprit de Corps Restoration Party,
Registration cancelled at request of Party
(211) Peoples' Reporters Association (
(212) Party for National Democracy
(213) National Solidarity Front
Alliance of following
12 Parties:
National Politics Front (NPF); The Union of All Burma United Nationalities;
National Democratic Peace and Solidarity Party; Democratic Action Party of
Burma (DAP); Ever Green Young Men's Association; Shan National Development
Democratic Party (Union of Burma); Real, Peace, Just Democratic Party (Union of
Burma); National Politics Labour Force; National Economic Development Force
(NEDF); National Politics Peasant Force (NPPF); National Politics Front
(Youth); National Politics Women Force (NPWF)
[ also a Member of League of Democratic Allies ]
(214) United Nationalities League for Democracy
Alliance of following
18 parties:
Arakan League for Democracy; Mon National Democratic Front; Zomi National
Congress; Chin National League for Democracy; Democratic League for the
National Races of the Shan State; Shan Nationalities League for Democracy; Kayah
State All Nationalities League for Democracy; Karen State National
Organization; Union PAOH National Organization; Highlander's Democratic Party;
Arakanese Peace and Human Rights Party; Ta-ang (Palaung) National League for
Democracy; Kachin National Congress (KNC); Shan State Kachin Democratic Party;
Kamans National League for Democracy; Union Karen League; Arakan People's
United Organization; Mro or Khami National Solidarity Organization (MKNSO) [ also a Member of Arakan People's Democratic
Front ]
(215) Union of Burma Democratic Front ...
SLORC Order No. 1/92 of 8 January 1992, on the recommendation of the Election
Commission, abolished effective 8 January 1992, this political party “whose
representatives has not been elected and which have not even been able to
present the organizational standings of this party”.
Alliance of following
40 parties:
Union Progress and Justice Action Party, Democratic Party for New Society;
Burma Democratic Party; Democracy Development Organization; Democratic Labour
Party (Burma); United National Congress; Democracy and Human Rights
Organization (DHO); Peace and Economic Development Party of the Union of Burma;
Liberal Democratic Party; All Burma National Progressive Democracy Party;
National Party; Democratic People's League; Organization of Peace and Welfare
for Democracy (Union of Burma); Union Stability Party; Faithful Democratic
Federation; Liberal People's Party; League for New State Democracy; Party for
National Development; National Democratic Party for Human Rights; People's
Peace Organization of Union of Burma; [United] Democratic Youth League; Rule of
People's Democracy League; Democracy Reformation League (DRL); Rakhine Races
United Democracy Party (RRUDP); Justice Party; National Fitness and Peace
Party; National Republican Federation (NRF); United Democratic Front; Farmer,
Gadu, Ganan, Shan National Unity Democratic Headquarters; Union National League
(Burma); Peasants and Workers Development Democracy League (PWDDL); People's
Front for Democracy Construction; League for Democracy Alliance; National
Ethnic Reformation Party (Headquarters); People's Pioneer Party; People's
Potential Democratic Youth League; Mikhin Bama Pyi Aphwe; Democratic Republic
Front (Burma); Patriotic Democratic Youth Front (Burma); All Burma Youth League
(Headquarters) (ABYL) [ also a Member of
League of Democratic Allies; also a
Member of United League of Democratic Parties;
also a Member of Leading Strength of National Realism Centre; also a Member of Democratic Allies' League
(DAL); also a Member of National
Democratic Foundation ]
(216) League of Democratic Allies …. SLORC
Order No. 1/92 of
Alliance of following
11 parties:
People's Democratic Party; Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League; Democratic
Front for New Society; People's Volunteer Organization (Burma); People's
Progressive and Freedom Democracy Front; People's Solidarity and Action Party;
Democratic Republican Front (Burma); Society for International Friendship
(Union of Burma); People's Progressive Party; National Politics Front (NPF);
League for New Generation (Union of Burma)
[ also a Member of National Solidarity Front (NSF); also a Member of Union of Burma Democratic
Front ]
(217) Arakan People's Democratic Front
(218) Organization of Democratic Youth for
National Politics, Registration cancelled at request of Party
(219) People's Peasants
(220) Patriotic Youth Party, Registration
cancelled for failure to nominate any candidates,
(221) The Party of the Nationalities,
Registration cancelled for failure to nominate any candidates,
(222) Patriotic Force Party - Registration
cancelled for failure to nominate any candidates,
(223) Chin National Unity Party, Dissolved
and deregistered
(224) Union for Revival and Development of
Democracy (URDD), Registration cancelled at request of Party
(225) National Unity and New Youth Party,
Registration cancelled at request of Party
(226) Unification and Reinforcement Front,
Registration cancelled at request of Party
(227) People's Revolution Party, Registration
cancelled at request of Party
(228)
(229)
(230) Chin National Young Men's Organization,
Registration cancelled for failure to nominate any candidates,
(231) Congress (D) Party (
(232) Leading Strength of National Realism
Central
Alliance of following
8 parties:
People's Democratic Party for Stability of Freedom and Development; Republican
Party; All Burma National Progressive Democracy Party; National Democracy
Establishment Party (Central) (NDEP); People's Pioneer Party (PPP); League for
Human Rights and Peace (LDP); League for Mother Democracy; National Fitness and
Peace Party [ also a Member of Union of
Burma Democratic Front; also a Member of
United League of Democratic Parties ]
(233) Democratic Allies' League (DAL)
Alliance of the
following 6 parties:
Democratic People's League (DPL); Patriotic Democracy Party; People's Youth
Federation (Burma); Democratic Labour Party (Burma); National Peace and Comfort
Party; All Burma National Progressive Democracy Party [ also a Member of Union of Burma Democratic
Front; also a Member of United League of
Democratic Parties; also a Member of
Leading Strength of National Realism Central ]
(234) Union Democracy Unity Organization,
Dissolved and deregistered
(235) National Democratic Foundation
Many Political Parties were
illegally banned by the junta in 1992 and some party members and MPs were
imprisoned en masse and some were tortured to death and many fled to
neighboring countries such as India, Thailand and Bangladesh to get rid of the
atrocities committed by the military junta.The total of 235 registered
political parties, 225 parties were deregistered and there remained only ten
political parties.
(1) National League
for Democracy (NLD)
(2) Shan
Nationalities League for Democracy (SNLD)
(3) National Unity
Party (NUP)
(4) Union Karen
League (UKL)
(5) Union Paoh
National Organization (UPNO)
(6)
(7) Mro or Khami
National Solidarity Organization (MKNSO)
(8) Kokang
Democracy and Unity Party (KDUP)
(9) Lahu National
Development Party (LNDP)
(10) Wa National
Development Party (WNDP)
“ OTHER RELATED
TOPICS ”
SLORC Policy Declaration
The SLORC in anticipation of the NLD’s Gandhi Hall meeting, issued Declaration No. 1/90 on 27 July 1990, which stated that the SLORC ‘ is not an organization that observes any constitution, it is an organization that is governing the nation by martial law ‘.
State Law and Order Restoration Council
Declaration No. 1/90 of
1. Myanmar Naing-Ngan became an independent and sovereign nation on
2. The situation in the whole of the country deteriorated because of the disturbances during 1988. The Tatmadaw took over State Power in order to correct the deteriorating situation in time and in the interests of the people. The Tatmadaw abolished all the Organs of State Power including the Pyithu Hluttaw, formed the State Law and Order Restoration Council [SLORC], declared that it would carry out the four main tasks and undertook the responsibility of all the affairs of the State.
3. The [SLORC] issued laws, notifications, declarations and orders which have the force of law, required for effectively ensuring prevalence of law and order, the rule of law and peace and tranquillity throughout the country.
4. In order to ease the food, clothing and shelter problems of the people and to enable private, co-operative and joint venture businesses to be undertaken, the [SLORC] has repealed the restrictive laws and has issued necessary laws, orders, directives and orders which have the force of law. Moreover, it is carrying out measures which should be undertaken with a view to serving the long-term interests of the State.
5. The [SLORC] is carrying out measures which should be undertaken in order to ensure safe and smooth transportation and communications and to improve the same.
6. The [SLORC] (Tatmadaw) is not an organization that observes any constitution; it is an organization that is governing the nation by Martial Law. It is common knowledge that the [SLORC] is governing the nation as a military government and that it is a government that has been accepted as such by the United Nations and the respective nations of the world.
7. As regards international relations, the [SLORC] has declared that it will
pursue an independent and active foreign policy and has friendly relations with
the respective nations of the world. With a view to promoting better diplomatic
relations with the respective nations the Government has not closed down any
embassy in Myanmar Naing-Ngan but has allowed them to continue to operate;
neither has it withdrawn
8. Myanmar Naing-Ngan being a member of the United Nations, the Myanmar Embassy to the United Nations strictly pursues the foreign policy of Myanmar Naing-Ngan in international matters and in performing its duties concerning the United Nations, Myanmar Naing-Ngan abides by the principles of peaceful co-existence in its relations with other nations. Moreover, Myanmar Naing-Ngan defends and safeguards its independence and deals with other nations' interference in its internal affairs in accorance with the provisions of the United Nations Charter.
9. In order to avoid disruption and severence of relations between Myanmar Naing-Ngan and other nations, the Government magnanimously has time and again told some diplomats who have violated their diplomatic code of conduct not to interfere in its internal affairs without mentioning their names and the nations to which they belong. Furthermore, it has informed the matters to the embassies concerned through diplomatic channels. As it has been able to avoid matters that may cause disruption of relations between nations and governments by doing so, there has not arisen any problem. Misunderstandings due to the activities of some diplomats have been cleared with magnanimity, through diplomatic channels.
10. The [SLORC] (Tatmadaw) has been persistently carrying out the three main tasks--that of preventing disintegration of the Union, preventing disintegration of national solidarity and that of ensuring perpetuity of the sovereignty of the State from the time it has assumed the duties and responsibilities of the State. Everybody is aware that on the other hand it has launched major offensives and crushed all sorts of armed insurgents, sacrificing the lives, blood and sweat of many members of the Tatmadaw. Since the Tatmadaw is not a political organization, it did not hold negotiations with the insurgents by political means. However, it welcomes all those who have renounced the programme of armed struggle and returned to the legal fold and a body formed by it is carrying out resettlement work for them. Since the [SLORC] is not a political government, it has no reason at all to negotiate by political means with any armed insurgent organization.
11. In order to enable the Multi-Party Democracy General Election to be held, the [SLORC] enacted the Multi-Party Democracy General Election Commission and formed the Multi-Party Democracy General Election Commission. It also enacted the Political Parties Registration law to enable political parties wishing to stand for the election to get themselves registered. Moreover, in order to hold a free and fair multi-party democracy general election, it enacted the Pyithu Hluttaw Election Law.
12. Section 3 of the Pyithu Hluttaw Election Law provides that--"The Hluttaw shall be constituted with the representatives elected from the constituencies in accordance with this law." The [SLORC] will take measures for summoning the Hluttaw in accordance with this provision. The Information Committee has, from time to time explained that the Multi-Party Democracy General Election Commission, the parties which won seats in the election and the elected representatives should carry out measures which should be carried out in accordance with the law and rules.
13. Today, after the Multi-Party Democracy General Election has been held, matters relating to summoning the Hluttaw and transfer of power are being discussed in bulletins and pamphlets published; guidelines in respect thereof are being given and incitements and instigations are being undertaken by foreign broadcasting stations and illegal pamphlets and leaflets are being distributed.
14. The matter of summoning the Hluttaw has been explained earlier. The
Chairman of the [SLORC] has explained matters relating to transfer of power in
the addresses he has made from time to time in his meeting with the Command
Commanders, Commanders of Light Infantry Divisions and Chairmen of the State/
Division Law and Order Restoration Councils. The Secretary-1 of the [SLORC]
explicitly dealt with this matter at the 100th Press Conference held on
15. There will be no necessity to clarify the fact that a political party
cannot automatically get the three aspects of State Power--the legislative
power, the executive power and the judicial power--just because a Pyithu
Hluttaw has come into being and that they can only be obtained on the basis of
a constitution. The Constitution of 1947 was accepted and approved by the
Constituent Assembly on
16. The Constitution of 1974 was drawn up after the nation's independence had been gained and no one can deny the fact that it was a constitution promulgated through a national referendum.
17. It is necessary to note particularly the difference in that the Constitution of 1947 was drawn up before the independence of the nation was attained and that the Constitution of 1974 was drawn up after the independence of the nation had been attained.
18. It can be seen from the statements issued that the desire of the majority of the political parties which contested in the Multi-Party Democracy General Election is to draw up a new constitution. It will be seen that when the Constitution of 1947 was drawn up, matters concerning the national races were discussed only with the Shan, Kachin and Chin nationals at the Panglong Conference and that they were not discussed with the Mon and Rakhine nationals. Today, in Myanmar Naing-Ngan there are many national races who have awakened politically and it is obvious that it is especially necessary to draw up a firm constitution after soliciting their wishes and views.
19. As the [SLORC] is a military government, it exercises Martial Law. As such is exercises the following three aspects of State Power in governing Myanmar Naing-Ngan:
(a) Legislative power: Only the [SLORC] has the right to exercise it.
(b) Executive power: The [SLORC] has the right to exercise it. However, it has delegated this power to the Government, State/Division, Township Zone, Township and Ward/Village-tract Law and Order Restoration Councils at different levels and has caused administrative work to be carried out through collective leadership. This is a form of giving training to the service personnel so that they will be able to perform, by keeping themselves free from party politics their departmental work under the government that will come into being according to the constitution.
(c) Judicial power: The [SLORC] has the right to exercise it. However, the Government has formed courts at various levels to adjudicate on ordinary criminal and civil cases so that they will have practical training when a constitution comes into being.
20. Consequently under the present circumstances, the representatives elected by the people are those who have the responsibility to draw up the constitution of the future democratic State.
21. It is hereby declared that the [SLORC] will in no way accept the drawing up of a temporary constitution for forming a government to take over State Power and that it will take effective action if it is done so, and that in the interim period before a government is formed in accordance with a new firm constitution drawn up according to the desires and aspirations of the people, the [SLORC] (Tatmadaw) will defend and safeguard--
(a) the three main causes--such as the
non-disintegration of the
(b) of the four main tasks mentioned in the [SLORC] Declaration No 1/88 such as the prevalence of law and order, the rule of law, regional peace and tranquillity, ensuring safe and smooth transportation and communication, easing the food, clothing and shelter problems of the people and holding Multi-Party Democracy General Election, the first three main tasks (with the exception of the task of holding the multi-party democracy general election) and
(c) the task of bringing about the development of the national races of Myanmar Naing-Ngan.
By order,
Sd. Khin Nyunt
Secretary-1
The State Law and Order Restoration Council
…………………………………………………………………………………………..
When elected NLD representatives met at Gandhi Hall on 28
and 29 July 1990, they issued the “
Gandhi Hall Declaration” in which
they called upon the SLORC to transfer power to the NLD in accordance with a
revised version of the 1947 constitution, to convene the parliament (Hluttaw)
before 30 September 1990, to permit freedom of expression, and to release NLD
members and leaders from prison and house arrest.
National League for
Democracy
GANDHI
HALL DECLARATION
8th Waxing Day of Wagaung BE 1352
1. We, the
National League for Democracy Pyithu Hluttaw members, after assembling here at
the Mahattama Gandhi Hall in Kyauktada township, Rangoon, on the seventh and
eighth waxing days of Wagaung BE 1352, 28 and 29 July 1990, and after
consulting and discussing the matters concerning the well being of the nation,
State affairs and convening of the Pyithu Hluttaw, unanimously adopt this
Gandhi Hall Declaration.
2. In the first Multi Party General
Election held in 30 years on
3. Now the Multi-Party Democracy
General Elections have been successfully held. It is only natural that the
Pyithu Hluttaw be convened shortly after the elections. This is also the
expectation of the people. However sixty days have gone passed since the
elections, and the Pyithu Hluttaw has not been convened.
The National League for Democracy, which has won an
overwhelming majority in the elections, basing on short-term and long-term
interests of the State, has proposed to the State Law and Order Restoration
Council (SLORC) to hold frank and sincere discussions with good faith and with
the object of national reconciliation. However, the State Law and Order
Restoration Council has not given a reply to our proposal in any way.
4. The entire nation including
Sanghas(monks), people, peasants, workers, students, youth and service
personnel all aspire a speedy transformation into a democratic administrative
system so as to be free from current economic hardships, fear and anxieties
that have arisen out of restrictions on democratic rights.
5. In every civilized society and
country that practices democracy the Pyithu Hluttaw is regarded as the highest
body and the dignity of a country is promoted by the respect shown by the
people to the Pyithu Hluttaw. We firmly believe that only when the democratic
Pyithu Hluttaw functions in Myanmar Naing-Ngan, will the country gain honour in
the international community.
6. Only the Pyithu Hluttaw constituted
of Pyithu Hluttaw representatives who have been elected with the confidence of
the people will be able to solve, in accordance with the wishes of the people,
the political, economic and social crises faced by the people today.
Therefore, in accordance with Article (3), chapter (2) of
the Pyithu Hluttaw Elections Law, which states: “ The Pyithu Hluttaw shall be
formed with the Hluttaw representatives who have been elected according to this
law from the constituencies “, it is of vital importance to convene the Pyithu
Hluttaw expeditiously.
7. We believe that, according to the
law and ethnic, it is not only impossible for those who are responsible to fail
in the task of convening the Pyithu Hluttaw, but will not be proper and right
not to carry out such a task if there is any compassion and thoughts for the
aspiration of the people and various crises of the nation.
Therefore giving birth to the Pyithu Hluttaw is an
inevitable task. In accordance with Article 2 (a), Chapter (1) of the Pyithu
Hluttaw Election Law which states: “ Hluttaw means the Pyithu Hluttaw, we fully
understand that Pyithu Hluttaw to be formed is not a constituent assembly “.
8. We are glad to learn that the National League for Democracy has already
drafted a constitution in connection with power prescribed by the law or
transfer of power prescribed by the law.We also support the proposal of the
National League for Democracy to hold consultations with other parties on “ the
1990 Provisional Constitution (Draft) “.
It is our conscious opinion that this provisional
constitution will bring about the transfer of power in accordance with the law.
9. Only the Pyithu Hluttaw represented
by us has the responsibility to adopt the new constitution which aims at
building a new democratic union. We on our part shall hold constitutions widely
in carrying out the task.
However a constitution drawn up at any time at any other
place than the Pyithu Hluttaw, without power being bestowed, without the
executive power, facilities and glory of the Pyithu Hluttaw, and without the
ratification and adoption of the Pyithu Hluttaw, will not have an executive
power. A constitution drawn up in such a way will not have any honour,
either.
Therefore it is clear that it is of vital importance to
convince the Pyithu Hluttaw expeditiously so as to draw up a new constitution
which aims at building a new democratic union aspired by the people.
10. We understand that until a
democratic government is formed, problems concerning democratic rights which
will inevitably arise will have to be tackled with prudence.
It is not desirable that democratic rights should be
restored only after the formation of a democratic government and that such
rights be prohibited until the formation of such a government.
We believe that a democratic environment must be created before
a democratic government is formed.Only then a new democratic union can take
shape smoothly and peacefully.Only in a democratic environment, will the people
be free from fear and anxieties and will be able to live with physical and
spiritual happiness and join hands to conscientiously build a new democratic
union.
During this period the people shall, as a minimum, enjoy
the freedom of publication and expression. It is against political freedom of
publication and expression.It is against political nature that the National
League for Democracy, which has overwhelmingly won enough seats in the Pyithu
Hluttaw to form a government, itself has been prohibited from the minimum
democratic rights. It is shameful in the eyes of the people and the
international community.
As we have accepted the verdict of the voters through the
elections we deserve to be conferred with a decent standard accordingly. We should
at be free from harassment and intimidation.
11. Under the present circumstances, we
are fully aware of the crises, hardships and problems which must be solved
during the transitionary period from one-party system to multi-party democratic
system in the country. We hope that solutions will be found by a frank and
sincere discussion with good faith and with the object of national reconciliation based on mutual
respect between the National League for Democracy and the State Law and Order
Restoration Council.
Today the intricate problem of a nuclear war which can
devastate the whole mankind has been prevented up to now by means of consultations.
In the same way, we believe that all problems between one another in our
country will smoothly be solved by face to face dialogue. In holding such
talks:
(a) frankness, sincerity and natural
respect,
(b) national reconciliation,
(c) practice of peaceful means, and
(d) general harmony without hard
feelings are essential policies which must be observed.
12. Calling for the convening of the
Pyithu Hluttaw constituted of people’s representatives is the most basic legal
right of the people. We, the people’s representatives, have the duty to call
for that right on behalf of the people.
In accordance with the wishes of the people, Article (3)
Chapter (2) of the Pyithu Hluttaw Election Law, the essence of the democratic
system and international procedures, we, the National League for Democracy
Pyithu Hluttaw members, unanimously call on the State Law and Order Restoration
Council on this day to convene the Pyithu Hluttaw during September, 1990.
Pyithu
Hluttaw Members
National
League for Democracy
Mahattama Gandhi Hall
Bo Aung Gyaw Street
Rangoon
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"ELECTION TRIBUNALS"
The
SLORC has formed Election Tribunals to hear specific election complaints:
Tribunal No. (1)
Chairman - U Tin Ohn, Director (Retd.),
Central Law Office
Members - U Khin Maung, Director (Retd.),
Central Law Office
And U Myint Tun, Deputy Director
(Retd.)
[ It heard the complaint of U Tin Ngwe against Nai Khin Maung and
four persons in Kyaikmaraw (2) constituency,
Tribunal No. (2)
Chairman - U Than Tin, Consultant (Retd.),
Central Court
Members - U Tun
Shein, Deputy Director (Retd.), Central Court And
U Soe Maung, Director (Retd.), Public Services Affairs Department [ It heard the complaint
of U Raw Bon against U G Bawng Hlan
and one other in Chipwe constituency, Kachin State; the complaint of U Mya Han against U Win Kyaing in Bogale (1) constituency
and the complaint of U Tin Hsan against
Dr. Sein Myint in Bogale (2)
constituency, Irrawady Division. ]
Tribunal No. (3)
Chairman - U Ba Than, Supreme Court Judge
(Retd.)
Members
- U Sein Tun, Divisional Law Officer (Retd.)
And
U Ohn Than, Director (Retd.), Public Services Selection and Training
Board
Office
[ It heard the complaint of
Tribunal No. (4)
Chairman - U Hla Thaung, Law Officer (Retd.)
Members - U Khin Maung Oo, Law Officer
(Retd.)
And U Chit Hsaung, Director
(Retd.), Supreme Court
[ It heard the complaint of U Saw Philip @ U Philip Sam against U Hkun Tun Lu @ U Tun Lu in Hopang constituency,
Tribunal No. (5)
Chairman - U Than Maung, Ministry of Defence
(Retd.)
Members
- U Aung Kyi, Legal Adviser (Retd.), Supreme Court
And U Pe Thein, Judicial Officer
(Retd.), Central Court
[ It heard the complaint of U Num Uk against Dr. Hmu Thang and
three persons in Thantlang constituency,
CASE No. |
CONSTITUENCY |
PALINTIFF |
DEFENDANT |
TRIBUNAL No. |
1/90 |
Kyaikmaraw (2), |
U Tin Ngwe |
Nai Khin Maung
and 4 others |
(1) |
2/90 |
Chipwe, |
U Raw Bon |
UG. Bawn Hlan and
person |
(2) |
3/90 |
Myaung (1),
Saging Division |
Dr. Kyaw Naing
Tun |
U Win Shein and 3
others |
(3) |
4/90 |
Pyin-Oo-Lwin (2) |
Col. Maung Maung
(Retd.) |
U Peter Lin Pin
and 6 others |
(3) |
5/90 |
Hopang, |
U Saw Philip (a)U
PhilipSam |
U Hkun Tun Lu (a)
U Tun Lu |
(4) |
6/90 |
Thantlang, |
U Nun |
Dr. Hmu Thang and
3 persons |
(5) |
7/90 |
Ingapu (2), |
U Thein Tun |
Dr. Sann Aung and
2 persons |
(1) |
8/90 |
Sittway (1), |
U Maung Tha Zan |
U Shwe Ya and 6
persons |
(4) |
9/90 |
Bogale (2), |
U Tin San |
Dr. Sein Myint |
(2) |
10/90 |
Bogale (1), |
U Mya Han |
U Win Kyaing |
(2) |
11/90 |
Homalin (2), Sagaing
Division |
U Maung Thwin |
U Hla Thein and 3
persons |
(5) |
The
SLORC approved the decisions and overturned the election victories of three
representatives.
Sr. |
Name
and Constituency |
Division |
Date
Overturned |
Legally Elected |
1. |
U Win Shein,
Myaung (1) |
Sagaing |
4 May 1992 |
Vacant |
2. |
Dr. Sann Aung, Ingapu (2) |
|
14 May 1992 |
U Thein Tun |
3. |
U Peter Linbin, Pyin-Oo-Lwin
(2) |
|
14 May 1992 |
|
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Election
Law Amended
The State Law and Order Restoration Council enacted a retroactive law, and implementing arrangements, prohibiting Pyithu Hluttaw representatives or candidates involved in certain offences from running in future elections, either permanently or for a period of 5 or 10 years.
Law No. 10/91 of
1. This Law shall be called the Law Amending the Pyithu Hluttaw
Election Law.
2. This Law shall be deemed to have come into force with effect from
3. The following shall be inserted as sub-sections (j) and (k) in section 11 of
the Pyithu Hluttaw Election Law:--
(j) being convicted of an offence relating to law and order or an offence relating to moral turpitude as determined and declared from time to time by the State Law and Order Restoration Council.
(k) if convicted of any offence not included in the declaration under sub-section (j), such offence being decided by the State Law and Order Restoration Council as an offence relating to law and order or an offence relating to moral turpitude.
4. The following shall be inserted as sections 80-A, 80-B, 80-C and 80-D in the
Pyithu Hluttaw Election Law:--
80-A. A person who, having been convicted of high treason or an offence liable to a sentence of death or transportation for life has been declared by the Commission as having no right to continue to be a Hluttaw representative shall have no right to stand for election as a Hluttaw candidate in elections to be held in future.
80-B. A person who, having been convicted of any other offence with the exception of offences under section 80-A has been declared by the Commission as having no right to continue to be a Hluttaw representative shall have no right to stand for election as a Hluttaw candidate in elections to be held within 10 years from the date of being so declared.
80-C. A person whose election as a Hluttaw representative has been decided by the Election Tribunal to be void and who has been notified by the Government, or any Hluttaw representative who, having failed to submit election expenses as prescribed has been decided by the Election Commission as disqualified and who has been declared as such by the Commission, or an election agent shall have not right to stand for election as a Hluttaw candidate in elections to be held within 10 years from the date of being so declared.
80-D. A Hluttaw candidate who, having failed to get elected has been declared by the Commission as disqualified under this Law or under Rules made hereunder, or an election agent shall have no right to stand for election as a Hluttaw candidate in elections to be held within 5 years from the date of being so declared.
.....................................................................
Implementing the above is [SLORC] Order No. 4/91 of
(a) Offences relating to law and
order:
(1) High Treason;
(2) Sedition;
(3) Misprision of High Treason;
(4) Offences under the Emergency Provisions Act, 1950;
(5) Offences under the Officials Secrets Act;
(6) Offences relating to arms;
(7) Offence of emigrating illegally to a foreign country;
(8) Offence of immigrating illegally from a foreign country.
(b) Offences relating to moral
turpitude:
(1) Theft;
(2) Robbery;
(3) Dacoitery;
(4) Cheating;
(5) Misappropriation;
(6) Adultery;
(7) Rape;
(8) Kidnapping, Abduction, Slavery and Forced Labour;
(9) Assault of Criminal Force to a woman with intent to outrage her modesty;
(10) Offences relating to Pregnancy;
(11) Offences under the Suppression of Prostitution Act;
(12) Offences under the Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs Law, 1974;
(13) Offences under the Gambling Law:
(14) Offence of Bribery and Corruption;
(15) Offences under the Public Property Protection Act;
(16) Offences under the Public Property Protection Law:
(17) Offences relating to Foreign Exchange;
(18) Offences under the State Flag Law;
(19) Offences under the Printers and Publishers Law;
(20) Offences under the Pyithu Hluttaw Election Law.
<><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>
" THE SO-CALLED NATIONAL
CONVENTION "
Co-ordination Meeting Called
State Law and Orser Restoration Council Order No. 9/92 of
1. The State Law and Order Restoration Council has determined as follows to
hold the Co-ordination Meeting for the Convening of the National Convention in
accordance with the Declaration made, by issue of Declaration No 11/92 of 24th
April, 1992 in respect to Convening of the National Convention to meet and
coordinate, within two months, with the leaders of the elected Representatives
of political parties existing lawfully and elected individual
Representatives:
(a)
Date of Commencement of meeting: 23rd June, 1992
(b) Time of meeting: 0800 hours
(c) Place of meeting: Meeting Hall Compound of the President's Residence Ahlone
Road.
2. In this Order
(a) the expression "Co-ordination Meeting" means the Co-ordination
Meeting for the Convening of the National Convention;
(b) the expression "Steering Committee" means the Steering Committee
to steer the holding of the Co-ordination Meeting for the Convening of the
National Convention.
3. The main objective of the Co-ordination Meeting is for the Convening of the National Convention.
4. The Steering Committee formed and assigned responsibility under the State
Law and Order Restoration Council Notification No 35/92 of
5. The leaders of the elected Representatives of political parties existing lawfully are to attend the Co-ordination Meeting in the numbers stipulated as follows:-
Political Party Stipulated
number of representatives
(a) National League for Democracy: (15) members
(b) Shan Nationalities League for Democracy: (6) members
(c) National Unity Party: (3) members
(d) Union Paoh National Organization: (1) member
(e) Mro or Khami National Solidarity Organization: (1) member
(f) Shan State Kokang Democratic Party: (1) member
(g) Lahu National Development Party: (1) member
6. The political parties existing lawfully are to select the leaders of representatives
in the numbers stipulated in paragraph 5 to represent their parties and attend
the Co-ordination Meeting and send the nomination list to the Steering
Committee not later than
7. The Steering Committee shall invite those elected individual Representatives standing lawfully on the day this order is issued, from among the elected individual Representatives who have been intimated in writing that the State Law and Order Restoration Council would meet and co-ordinate with them, to attend the Co-ordination Meeting.
8. The Steering Committee shall:
(a) determine the programmes relating to the holding of the Co-ordination
Meeting;
(b) lay down the topics to be discussed mainly at the Co-ordination Meeting;
(c) determine the procedures relating to the Co-ordination Meeting;
(d) determine as may be necessary the daily allowance and travelling allowance
for the elected Representatives attending the Co-ordination Meeting;
(e) at the conclusion of the Co-ordination Meeting submit a report in respect
of the convening of the National Convention to the State Law and Order
Restoration Council within one month.
9. The staff of the Office of the Pyithu Hluttaw shall be responsible for carrying out administrative functions contributing to the successful holding of the Co-ordination Meeting.
10. The expenses incurred for holding the Co-ordination Meeting shall be borne out of the funds of the Office of the Pyithu Hluttaw.
By Order,
(Sd) Khin Nyunt
Major-General
Secretary-1
The State Law and Order Restoration Council.
Steering Committee Named
SLORC Notification No. 35/92 of 28 May 1992, Formation of the Steering Committee for Holding Co-ordination Meeting for the Convening of the National Convention:
1. The State Law and Order Restoration Council has already declared by issue
of Declaration No 11/92 of
2. In accordance with the above-mentioned Declaration, the State Law and Order Restoration Council has formed a committee to steer the holding of the Co-ordination Meeting for the Convening of the National Convention, with the following persons and has assigned responsibility thereto:-
Steering Committee
(a) Major-General Myo Nyunt,
Member, The State Law and Order Restoration Council:
Chairman
(b) Brigadier-General Myo Thant,
Minister, Ministry of Information:
Deputy Chairman
(c) U Aung Toe , Chief Justice:
Member
(d) U Tha Tun , Attorney-General:
Member
(e) Brigadier-General Than Oo ,
Judge Advocate-General:
Member
(f) Brigadier-General Tin Aye,
Inspector-General of Defence Services:
Member
(g) Colonel Than Tun,
Deputy Director of Defence Services Intelligence:
Member
(h) Colonel Ye Htut,
Director, Defence Services Museum and Historical Research Institute:
Member
(i) Lt-Colonel Than Tun,
General Staff Officer (I), Directorate of Defence Services Intelligence:
Member
(j) U Aye Maung,
Director-General, Office of the Multi-party Democracy General Election
Commission:
Member
(k) U Aung Khin Tint,
Legal Adviser, The State Law and Order Restoration Council:
Member
(l) U Thein Sein,
Officer on Special Duty, The State Law and Order Restoration Council:
Member
(m) Colonel Aung Thein,
Director, Directorate of Public Relations and Psychological Warfare:
Secretary
(n) U Myo Nyunt,
Director-General, Office of the Pyithu Hluttaw:
Joint Secretary-1
(o) U Aung Nyunt,
Deputy Director-General, Office of the Pyithu Hluttaw:
Joint Secretary-1
3. The Steering Committee shall, at the end of the Co-ordination Meeting,
submit a report mentioning the suggestions, proposals and recommendations in
respect of the convening of the National Convention to the State Law and Order
Restoration Council within one month.
By Order
(
Major-General
Secretary-1
The State Law and Order Restoration Council
The principal duty of the National Convention is to discuss,
co-ordinate and present matters according to six objectives for the formulation
of a firm State Constitution as stipulated in the State Law and Order
Restoration Council Order No 13/92.
The six objectives are:
(1)Non-disintegration of the Union;
(2) Non-disintegration of national solidarity;
(3) Perpetuation of sovereignty;
(4) For a genuine multiparty democracy system to flourish;
(5) For the further burgeoning of the noblest and worthiest of worthy values
such as justice, liberty and equality; and
(6) For the Tatmadaw to be able to participate in the national political
leadership role of the future State.
The eight different categories of delegates.
(1) Political Parties
(2) Representatives-elect
(3) National races
(4) Peasants
(5) Workers
(6) Intelligentsia and Technocrats
(7) State Service Personnel
(8) Other Invitees
Constitutional Convention Called
State Law and Order Restoration Council Declaration No. 11/92 of
1. It is hereby declared that the State Law and Order Restoration Council , depending on the general situation of the country, will presently carry out the following measures:
(a) Of the persons arrested and detained politically, those for whom there are no reasons to endanger the security of the State, will be released promptly;
(b) It accordance with the State Law and Order Restoration Council Declaration No 1/90, dated the 27th July 1990, the State Law and Order Restoration Council will, in respect of the convening of the National Convention, meet and co-ordinate, within two months, with the leaders of the Hluttaw Representatives of political parties existing lawfully and individual Hluttaw Representatives;
(c) The State Law and Order Restoration Council will convene the National Convention within six months in order to lay down the basic principles for the drafting of a firm and stable Constitution, after meeting and co-ordinating as mentioned in sub-clause (b) above;
2. The State Law and Order Restoration Council will declare further future programmes in accordance with the basic principles laid down at the National Convention.
By Order,
(Sd) Khin Nyunt,
Secretary (1),
The State Law and Order Restoration Council
New Year Amnesty
State Law and Order Restoration Council Order No. 1/93 of
(a) Death sentence to transportation for life;
(b) Transportation for life to 10 years;
(c) Sentences of more than 10 years to 10 years.
"The commutation and remission of sentences under this Order shall not affect the period which the prisoner concerned is ordinarily entitled ."
The National Convention
Delegates of National League for Democracy
(1) Leader – U Aung Shwe (Mayangon – 1)
(2) Deputy Leader – U Lwin (Thongwa – 1)
Members
(3) U Nyunt Wai (Taungoo
– 2)
(4) U Than Tun (Taungtha
– 2)
(5) U Lun Tin (Moulmein
– 1)
(6) U Hla Pe (Mawlamyinegyun
– 1)
(7) U Saw Oo Reh (Phruhso)
(8) U Kyaw Tun (Paletwa
– 1)
(9) U Saw Aung (Monywa
– 2)
(10) U Hla Min (Kawthoung)
(11) Dr. U Nyunt Sein (Chauk
– 2)
(12) U Tun Yi (Sandoway)
(13) Duwa U Zaw Aung (Waingmaw)
(14) Daw Nan Khin Htwe Myint (Pa-an
– 3)
(15) U Sai Yi Tip (Kengtung
– 2)
The National Convention, which commenced on
On
On
On
Following are some of the features of the National Convention mentioned in the
statement delivered by Daw Aung San Suu Kyi at her press conference on
- The elected representatives of the people constitute only 15.24 percent of the delegates and thus are permanently in the minority.
- Neither objective of the Convention nor its working procedures were drawn up in the consultation with delegates.
- Papers to be represented at the Convention are censored and have to be corrected in accordance with the wishes of the authorities.
- Decisions are laid down before an issue has been fully discussed.
- The Convention is making decisions not only on broad principles for the proposed constitution but also on its details.
Instead of transferring power, the SLORC convened a “ National Canvention
“ in 1993 to draft a new constitution.
The SLORC chose all the representatives for the Convention, but no more than 15
% of them were people elected in 1990 General Elections.
The representatives to the National Convention are subject to severe
restrictions on debate and discussion of the Convention’s business. In 1995,
the NLD representatives abandoned the National Convention to protest these
restrictions.The National Convention has concluded very little business beyond
a set of “ guiding principles “ for the new Constitution.These principles
guarantee that 25 % of the seats in the new legislative assembly will be
reserved for the military.
The National Convention is tightly controlled by the ruling military junta to
ensure its acquiescence to a constitution drafted entirely by the military. The
National Convention has met only intermittently since then, and it has not been
convened at all since March 1996.
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Committee Representing the PEOPLE’S
PARLIAMENT,
for a true democratic UNION of BURMA (CRPP)
U Saw
Mra Aung
People's
Parliament Speaker
Dr U Saw Mra Aung is a member of a
Buddhist ethnic minority group from western
U Saw
Mra Aung has been detained without charge by the Burmese junta (State Peace and
Development Council), since September 1998. He is the chairman of the Arakan
League for Democracy (ALD), which was founded after the 1988 nationwide
democracy uprising. ALD won 11 seats in the general election on
On
On
September 1998, the military authorities detained hundreds of activists and MPs
including U Saw Mra Aung. The junta said that the activists were invited to the
government guesthouses for dialogue. In reality, they were put in a detention
center (so-called guest house). Every 1 or 2 months, the junta allowed some MPs
and Saw Mra Aung to return home for a one night stay.
He was
made the chairperson of the People's Parliament on
U Saw
Mya Aung studied medicine in
From
1955-1963 he was the head of
Chairperson of CRPP
U Aung Shwe
Constituency: Mayangone I,
Chairperson of the NLD
U Aung Shwe graduated in Arts from
Secretaries of CRPP
U Than Tun
Constituency: Taungtha 2,
Year of birth: 1921
NLD Central Executive Committee member
U Than Tun was a member of the Myingyan Student Union during 1937 to 1941.
From 1942 to 1946 he worked for the BIA. He was also the Secretary of Myingyan
District AFPFL from 1946 to 1953. He was elected to the Constituent Assembly in
1947 and later became a Member of Parliament and Parliamentary Secretary. From
1953 to 1962, he was Secretary of the Trade Union Confederation of Burma. In
1964, he became a member ofBSPP. U Than Tun was among
the NLD representatives who boycotted the National Convention in December 1995.
U Aye Thar Aung
U Aye
Tha Aung is serving a 21-year sentence for his activities in democracy and
human rights. He was born in
U Aye Tha Aung is a general secretary
of Arakan League for Democracy (ALD), the winner party in Arakan in the May
1990 general election in
The National League for Democracy (NLD) demanded to convene Parliament
following the party congress held on
On
- U
Naing Tun Thein joined the CRPP as a representative of Mon National Democratic
Front (MNDF).
- U Khun
Htun Oo joined the CRPP as a representative of Shan Nationalities League for
Democracy (SNLD).
- U Fu
Cin Shing Htan joined the CRPP as a preventative of Zomi National Congress
(ZNC).
Members of CRPP
U Tin Oo (a) General Tin Oo (Retd.)
Deputy Chairperson, National League for Democracy
U Tin Oo was born in 1927 in Bassein, Irrawaddy
Division. He was a general and the Defense Minister from 1974 to 1976. He was
highly respected by the soldiers and the people, but was dismissed and imprisoned
due to an accusation that he was involved in a coup attempt. He was released
under amnesty in 1980 after which he studied and received a law degree. On
Daw Aung San Suu Kyi
General Secretary, National League for Democracy
Daw Aung San Suu Kyi was born in
U Lwin (a) Colonel Maung Lwin (Retd.)
Treasurer, National League for Democracy
Constituency: Thongwa I,
U Lwin was the former Deputy Prime Minister and a
member of the BSPP State Council. He served in the BIA, BDA and PBF from 1942
to 1945. He completed military officers' training at the
U Hla Pe
Central Executive Committee, National League for
Democracy
Constituency: Moulmeingyun I,
U Hia Pe is a member of the Central Executive
Committee of the NLD and is in charge of Irrawaddy Division. During the
Parliamentary Democracy period, he was an elected Representative from
U Soe Myint (a) Thakin Soe Myint
Central Executive Committee, National League for
Democracy
Constituency:
U Soe Myint is a member of the NLD Central
Executive Committee. He was one of the founders of the People's Revolutionary Party
(PRP), which was one of the active organizations before
U Lun Tin (a) Colonel Lun Tin (Retrd.)
Central Executive Committee, National League for
Democracy
Constituency:
U Lun Tin is a POOL Central Executive Committee
member. On
U Nyunt Wai
Central Executive Committee, National League for
Democracy
Constituency:
U Nyunt Wai graduated from Rangoon Institute of
Economics and got a Master of Arts in Administration from
Nai Tun Thein
Constituency: Thanbyuzayat 2
Date of Birth:
Place of Birth:
Parents:
Nai
Aung
Nai Tun Thein, who devotes his whole life for the
Mon people, is the principle founder of the MNDF. He led MNDF as party chairman
in the 1990 General Election, and was unanimously elected as an MP from the
Thanphyuzayat Constituency No2. However his party was
annulled by the then SLORC in
Nai Tun Thein passed primary school in
From 1947 to 1949, he was the director of Kyeikhame Provision Education that
comprised of eight districts. At the same time he was elected as Secretary of
All Ramanya Mon Association for Kyeikhame province. From1949 to 1958 he was an
Executive Committee Member of Mon National Defence Organization (MNDO), at the
same time served as Mon and Karen Special Representative for eight years based
at Thai Burma border. After MNDO entered into so called legal fold, changed
arms for democracy in 1958, he continued his political activities under the
constitution until the military coup led by Gen Ne Win in 1962. He was
immediately arrested and put in jail for 6 years.
After he was released from the jail he voluntarly tought for
stone inscription to the monks and university students. In 1985 he was
appointed as the chairperson in the Higher Examination for the Buddhist monks.
He has been extremely trying to preserve Mon culture and literature throughout
his life.
Nai Tun Thein was elected as the Chairman of the Mon National Democratic Front
in 1988 and to run in election in 1990. In 1992, he was arrested by SLORC and
released in 1994 but have to report to the authorities regularly. Since the mid
of 1998, he was detained at the military guest house for several times. At the
moment he is released from confinement in military guest house for the reason
of his health.
Fu
Cin Shing Thang
Fu Cin
Shing Thang, 63, has been detained since September 1998. He became a member of
the Group for Solidarity among those that were formed by the states for the
drafting of the new constitution. He gave advice to the military authorities'
constitution drafting committee in 1972 and was subsequently detained by the
authorities for 2 years. He is a High Court Advocate and has a Bachelor of Arts
(Law) degree and a Bachelor of Law degree from
The Zomi National Congress won two
parliamentary seats in
Acronyms:
AFPFL = Anti-Fascist People's
Freedom League
ALD = Arakan League for Democracy
BIA = Burma Independence Army
BDA = Burma Defense Army
BSPP = Burma Socialist Program Party
MNDF = Mon National Democratic
Front
NLD = National League for
Democracy
PBF = Patriotic Burmese Force
POCL = Patriotic Old Comrades League
SNLD = Shan Nationalities League for
Democracy
UNLD = United Nationalities League
for Democracy
ZNC = Zomi National Congress
OVERVIEW:
The Committee Representing the People's Parliament (CRPP) was announced on
In calling for parliament to be convened, the NLD acted in accordance with the currently valid 1989 Pyitthu Hluttaw (People's Parliament) Election Law. Two hundred and fifty-one (or 54.6%) of the elected MPs empowered the NLD to act on their behalf, thus enabling the party to requisition a session of Parliament. This exceeds the legally required number.
The Burmese junta, now calling itself the State Peace and Development
Council (SPDC), ignored the call for parliament and detained many
parliamentarians. It also issued restraning orders against others, effectively
preventing them from participating in any centrally organized political
activity. These actions led the NLD to establish the CRPP and convene its first
meeting on
Despite the severe backlash from the junta, the CRPP enjoy wide support, gaining endorsement from ethnic nationality groups. MPs in exile have shown their support, and the Committee has also received significant backing from international bodies. The SPDC is not pleased with this turn of events, and is now holding arrested MPs hostage to the CRPP, claiming they will be released if the CRPP is dissolved. In addition, the military regime has begun orchestrating no-confidence motions against pro-democracy MPs.
The backlash is significant for two reasons. It indicates that the junta sees the CRPP as a serious threat because it is a constant reminder of the junta's illegitimacy. The orchestrated no-confidence motions also provide inadvertent recognition by the SPDC that the MPs elected in 1990 were indeed elected as MPs. The regime has often denied this fact, stating instead that the democratic elections were only to establish a national convention to draft a new constitution.
JUSTIFICATION FOR THE CRPP:
CRPP OPERATIONS
I. Committee for Ethnic Nationalities
Affairs: U Aye Thar Aung (Chairperson), Daw Aung San Suu Kyi (Secretary)
II. Committee for
Finance/Economy/Commerce: U Nyunt Wei (Chairperson)
III. Committee for Legal Affairs: U Tin
Oo(Chairperson)
IV. Committee for Education: Daw Aung
San Suu Kyi (Chairperson)
V. Committee for Health and Social
Affairs: U Lwin (Chairperson)
VI. Committee for Foreign Affairs: U
Aung Shwe (Chairperson)
VII. Committee for Cultivators and
Peasants Affairs: U Soe Myint(Chairperson)
VIII. Committee for Workers Affairs: U Than Tun(Chairperson), U Lun Tin(Secretary)
IX. Committee for Parliamentary
Affairs: U Hla Pe (Chairperson)
X. Committee for Defence: U Tin Oo
(chairperson).
ENDORSEMENT BY ETHNIC NATIONALITY GROUPS:
SPDC'S REACTION TO CRPP:
INTERNATIONAL SUPPORT FOR CRPP:
The CRPP is a 10-member committee representing the parliament elect in
The parties represented by the CRPP hold 433 or 89 % out of the total 485
parliamentary seats.
(1.) National League for Democracy 392 seats.
(2.) Shan Nationalities League for Democracy 23
seats.
(3.) Arakan League for Democracy 11 seats.
(4.) Mon National Democratic Front 5 seats.
(5.) Zomi National Congress 2 seats.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
Anti-Subversion Law
State Law and Order Restoration Council Law No. 5/96 of 7 June 1996
The Law Protecting the Peaceful and Systematic Transfer of State Responsibility
and the Successful Performance of the Functions of the National Convention
against Disturbances and Oppositions: -
The Tatmadaw has protected the interests of the State and the people whenever disturbances which undermine national unity in the State and Sovereignty of the State occur. Likewise from the time it took over the responsibility of the State after making a timely prevention of the dangers which could cause the destruction of the State, the State Law and Order Restoration Council (Tatmadaw) has established stability of the State, community peace and tranquillity, prevalence of law and order and national reconsolidation. It has also laid down the foundations with a view to the development of a genuine multi-party democracy system and the peaceful and systematic transfer of the responsibility of the State.
The State Law and Order Restoration Council together with the people is striving its utmost to build a peaceful and modern developed State, after laying down the political objectives, economic objectives and social objectives.
At the same time, in order to draft a firm and enduring Constitution, the State Law and Order Restoration Council formed the National Convention Convening Commission and assigned responsibility to lay down the fundamental principles and the detailed principles to be based upon and is successfully convening the National Convention with an extensive participation of representatives from the entire State.
However, it is found that people who are against the development and progress of the State with reliance on external elements are conducting acts which undermine the stability of the State, community peace and tranquillity, prevalence of law and order and national reconsolidation.
Furthermore, it is also found that disturbance of the functions of the National Convention and acts such as incitement, delivering speeches, making oral and written statements and disseminating in various ways to belittle the National Convention and to make the people misunderstand are being conducted. Such acts amount to obstruction, disturbance and oppression to the development of a genuine multi-party democracy system and the peaceful and systematic transfer of the responsibility of the State.
Consequently, as it has become necessary to prevent the obstruction, disturbance and opposition to the peaceful and systematic transfer of responsibility of the State, successful performance of the functions of the National Convention, building of a peaceful and modern development State, the State Law and Order Restoration Council hereby enacts the following Law:--
Chapter I - Title and Definition
1. This Law shall be called The Law Protecting the Peaceful and Systematic Transfer of State Responsibility and the Successful Performance of the Functions of the National Convention against Disturbances and Oppositions.
2. The following expressions contained in this Law shall have the meanings given hereunder:--
(a) "National Convention" means the National Convention being convened by the National Convention Convening Commission formed by the State Law and Order Restoration Council under Order No. 13/92 Dated 2 October, 1992;
(b) "Functions of the National Convention" means the functions being carried out by the National Convention.
(c) "Organization" means an organization and its subordinate organizations formed with the participation of a large number of persons. This expression also includes a political party registered in accordance with the Political Parties Registration Law.
Chapter II - Prohibitions
3. No one and no organization shall violate either directly or indirectly any of the following prohibitions:--
(a) inciting, demonstrating, delivering speeches, making oral or written statements and disseminating in order to undermine the stability of the State, community peace and tranquillity and prevalence of law and order;
(b) inciting, delivering speeches, making oral or written statements and disseminating in order to undermine national reconsolidation;
(c) disturbing, destroying, obstructing, inciting, delivering speeches, making oral or written statements and disseminating in order to undermine, belittle and make people misunderstand the functions being carried out by the National Convention for the emergence of a firm and enduring Constitution;
(d) carrying out the functions of the National Convention or drafting and disseminating the Constitution of the State without lawful authorization;
(e) attempting or abetting the violation of any of the prohibitions.
Chapter III - Penalties
4. Whoever violates any prohibition contained in section 3 shall, on conviction be punished with imprisonment for a term of a minimum of (5) years to a maximum of (20) years and may also be liable to fine.
5. If any organization or any person on the arrangement or abetment of any organization violates any prohibition contained in section 3, such organization may be--
(a) suspended for a period to be specified;
(b) abolished; or
(c) declared as an unlawful association under the Unlawful Associations' Law.
6. All funds and property of an organization against which action is taken under section 5 may also be confiscated.
Chapter IV - Miscellaneous
7. In prosecuting under section 3 of this Law prior sanction of the Government shall be obtained.
8. Action taken under sections 5 and 6 of this Law shall be carried out by the Ministry of Home Affairs with the consent of the Government shall be obtained.
8. Action taken under sections 5 and 6 of this Law shall be carried out by the Ministry of Home Affairs with the consent of the Government.
9. Such orders and directives as may be required under this Law shall be issued by the Ministry of Home Affairs with the approval of the Government.
(
Senior General
Chairman
The State Law and Order Restoration Council
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Burmese Government Statement
The following is a statement released by
Turning of a New Page
State Peace and Development Council,
Information Sheet,
NO. C-2200 (I/L)
Today marks a new page for the people of
We celebrate today the security
and unity of
To mark this day of national
unity, we have taken and are taking series of
steps-
First, we have released nearly
600 detainees in recent months and shall continue to release those who will
cause no harm to the community nor threaten the existing peace, stability and
unity of the nation.
Second, we shall continue to work
together with countries near and far in the fight against terrorism, the total
eradication of narcotic drugs, and also in the fight against the spread of
HIV/AIDS which are threatening mankind.
Third, we shall recommit ourselves to allowing all of our
citizens to participate freely in the life of our political process, while
giving priority to national unity, peace and stability of the country as well
as the region
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The NLD’s 21-Point Resolution
In a 21-point
resolution adopted at a meeting at its headquarters on 27 May 2002 marking the 12th anniversary of the 1990
election, the NLD said it will not accept a state constitution "drawn up
non-democratically and not in accordance with the wishes of the people."
The resolution
reiterated that until such time as parliament, elected in the 1990 general
election, is convened, the Committee Representing the People's Parliament
(CRPP), an alliance of the NLD, the Shan NLD, the Arakan Democracy League, the
Mon Democracy Party, the Zomi National Congress and individual elected representatives,
will remain in place.
The resolution
decided that all political parties should be able to exercise their full rights
to function freely.
The NLD won a
landslide victory in the government-sponsored 1990 general election with 396
parliamentary seats out of 485. Despite the end of the election, the government
has not yet transferred to the winning party, the NLD complains.
In
September 1998, the NLD unilaterally formed the CRPP to workfor the convening
of the parliament.
National League for Democracy
No. (97/B), west Shwegondine Road
Bahan Township,
Passed
the resolutions on 27 May 2002 to mark the Twelfth Anniversary of
Multi-party Democracy General Elections
RESOLUTIONS
1. It is resolved that whereas the General Elections were held on the 27th May 1990, in accordance with the provisions of Part 2 (Formation of the Parliament) Section 3, of the Multi-party General Elections Law 14/89 dated 30 May 1989, the State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC), now known as the State Peace and Development Council (SPDC), the authorities have a duty to convene the People’s Hluttaw comprising all the elected representatives of the people as soon as possible.
2. It is resolved that the Parliament is the highest authority in the state empowered to act in the interest of the people and vested with legislative, administrative and judicial powers, which can be delegated to central and regional bodies.It is also vested with powers to frame a Constitution.
3. It is resolved that Burma being a member of the United Nations, the authorities are bound by the many unanimous resolutions of the United Nations General Assembly declaring that the people of Burma have by their vote in the General Elections of 1990 expressed their desire for democracy.
4. It is resolved that the Committee representing the People’s Parliament which comprises the elected representatives from the National League for Democracy, Shan National League for Democracy, Arakan League for Democracy, Mon National Democratic Front and the Zomi National Congress remains valid until such time as a legally constituted People’s Parliament is convened..
5. It is resolved that the language and terms such as ‘ parliament, political party, election, multiparty, democracy ‘ embodied in the Multi-party Democracy General Elections Law and the Political Parties Registration Law 14/88 dated 27 September 1988 (both are closely associated) indicate clearly that the ultimate goal is to establish a democratic Union of Burma.
6. It is resolved to reiterate and place on record the fact that the confidence-building stage between the NLD and the SPDC has ended with the release of the General Secretary of the National League for Democracy.
7. It is resolved that it is now necessary to move on from confidence building talks to a higher level of meaningful talks.
8. It is resolved that until such time as the inevitable significant and meaningful talks for the solution of political problems transpire, the National League for Democracy’s original policies remain constant on the following issues:
(a) Any constitution that is drawn up without the consent of the people in whom sovereign power lies which is a democratic principle is not acceptable.
(b) The holding of new elections while flouting the results of the 1990 general elections is not acceptable.
(c) Our stated policies on matters of policies, foreign relations, social reforms, health, foreign investments and tourism remain unchanged.
9. It is resolved that we will strive our utmost to bring about quickly the tripartite dialogue including ethnic groups as recommended by the United Nations General Assembly.
10. It is resolved to reiterate our support for the understanding and complete trust placed by the nationalities in the NLD in its talks with the SPDC for the opening up of meaningful dialogue on political issues.
11. It is resolved that the NLD will cooperate and join hands with all ethnic political groups and nationalities to attain democracy, a Parliament and national reconciliation.
12. It is resolved that a genuine democratic
13. It is resolved that the National League for Democracy will always bear in mind and take into consideration the aspirations of the ethnic groups.
14. It is resolved that it is our firm brlief that in future the ethnic groups will unite again as was done in 1989 (prior to the elections) when 18 ethnic groups formed the United Nationalities League for democracy (UNLD).
15. It is resolved to place on record our great joy because our General
Secretary Daw Aung San Suu Kyi obtained unconditional release from house arrest
on
16. It is resolved that all political parties deserve the same freedom as the NLD.
17. It is resolved that all political prisoners whether they be held on political grounds, or for their political activities or under any other section of the law be unconditionally and immediately released.
18. It is resolved to thank the constituents who demonstrated their trust in
the NLD by voting overwhelmingly for the NLD candidates during
19. It is resolved that for the achievement of democracy, human rights and national reconciliation it is necessary that we bear in mind our fundamental policy giving priority to the national cause and for all NLD members from ward/village level to work in unity and solidarity.
20. It is resolved to place on record our gratitude to Mr. Kofi Annan, General Secretary of the United Nations and his special representatives Mr. Razali for all their efforts in acting as mediator between the NLD and the SPDC in the confidence building talks.
21. It is resolved to place on record how honoured we are because of the congratulatory messages received from world leaders, foreign ministers, international organizations including the UN, and coverage of news by magazines, newspapers, journals, radio and TV on the occasion of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi’s release from house arrest.
Central Executive Committee
National League for Democracy
1st Waning of Kason 1364 ME
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BACK TO THE PAST TODAY
(At independence from the United Kingdom, a government was democratically
elected, and served under Prime Minister U Nu from 1948 until 1958.In October
1958, political differences within the government, and the difficulties of a
communist insurgency led General Ne Win to take power and form a military
government.Democracy returned in elections held in February 1960, in which U Nu
was again elected Prime Minister.)
General Ne Win, the Commander-in chief of
The Revolutionary Council, led by General Ne Win composed
with high level military official declared the policy of Burma Socialist
Programme Party (BSPP).
General Ne Win and his Revolutionary Council demolished
Rangoon University Students Union building by dynamites.
General Ne Win announced on the air that, "If it was
done purposely to oppose us, I have nothing more to say except that we will face them with sword to sword, and spear to spear,
that is the only solution."
U Thant, former third United Nations Secretary- General
(He held the post of UN Secretary-General
during the period from 1961 to 1971), died after a long illness. He was
65 years old.
The Extraordinary Session of the Burma Socialist
Programme Party Congress held at the Saya San Hall, Kyaikkasan Grounds, Rangoon
U Ne Win, the head of Burma's brutal socialist government, resigned from his
post of the BSPP chairman, his last official post and he said that, "In
continuing to maintain control, I want the entire nation, the people, to know
that if in future there are mob disturbances, if the
army shoots, it hits there is no firing into the air to scare. So,
if in future there are such disturbances and if the
army is used, lit it be known that
those creating disturbances will not get off lightly."
U Sein Lwin, a former army officer, the most feared and
brutal leader, known to be brutally authoritarian, also known as the ‘ butcher
of Rangoon ‘ became chairman of the BSPP, as well as president of Burma.
The famous
U Sein Lwin, who had served as
The military led by the Chief of Staff General Saw Maung
announced that the State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC) had formed
and the military had assumed power, after the series of brutal suppression in
which thousands of unarmed demonstrators were killed. The "take
coup," which the SLORC called a necessary "policing effort," was
widely believed to have been orchestrated by U Ne Win. When the SLORC took
power, it suspended the 1974 Constitution, which enacted by the army with the
sole intention of legitimizing and prolonging their power.
The SLORC chairman Gen. Saw Maung announced. "We have formed a government with a small group of
individuals with many responsibilities to carry out the main functions that
have to be performed by the government and for the continuance of diplomatic
relations, so it is obvious that we have no intention to govern for a long
time.We respectfully make this
promise to the monks and the people of the nation with sincerity and good
faith."
The National league for Democracy (NLD) was formed
officially. U Aung Gyi, a retired brigadier general of the Burma
Army, was chairman, U Tin Oo, an ex-general and erstwhile Chief of Staff who had
been ousted and jailed by U Ne Win in 1976, was elected the NLD's
vice-chairman. Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, the daughter of
The aims and
objectives of the NLD are:
-To work for the establishment of a genuine
democratic government that will guarantee basic human rights in accordance with
the wishes of the people.
-To lay the foundation for the continuation of
a strong and firm democratic system that fulfills the wishes of the people and
the establishment of a firm and lasfting UNION of BURMA.
-To strive for the abolishment of autocracy so
that despotism can never raise its head again.
U Aung Gyi left the NLD to establish his own party,
alleging communist infitration of the NLD. He formed Union Nationals Democracy
Party (UNDP) on 16 Decmber 1988. Only one candidate from his UNDP was elected
in the general elections that were held in May 1990.
Maha Thiri Thudhamma Daw Khin Kyi, 77,
daughter of (U Pho Hmyin – Daw Phwa Su), widow of National Leader and Father of
the Tatmadaw Bogyoke Aung San, mother of U Aung San Oo – Daw Le Le New Thein,
(Ko Aung San Lin) and Daw Aung San Suu Kyi – Dr. Michael Aris and grandmother
of Maung Myint San Aung and Maung Htein Lin, passed away on 27 December 1988 at
her residence at No. 54/56 University Avenue, Rangoon.Daw Khin Kyi was entombed
at a mausoleum on Shwedagon Pagoda Road, between those of Sayagyi Thakin Kodaw
Hmaing and Queen Supayalat, Queen of King Thibaw.
The anniversary of the first student death of Maung Phone
Maw, who was shot to death by the riot police was declared "
The Chief of Staff of the Defence Services General Saw
Maung specifically explained the role of the army and that of the new
government that would govern after the elections. His words were:
"We anticipate that the new government
will do its utmost to develop the economy of the country as a matter, we
will return to our barracks and our former tasks. Our most important duty
is to see that the
31 May
1989
The SLORC promulgated Law No. 14/89 of
The definitions given in the above law are unique vocally
stated as:-
- Section 2 (a) - "Hluttaw means the Pyithu Hluttaw (People's
Parliament)."
- Section 2 (d)
- "Elections mean that multi-party democracy
general election."
- Section 2 (f) - "Hluttaw
Representatives means a person who has been elected to the Hluttaw." -
Section
3 - "The Hluttaw shall be formed with the Hluttaw
representatives who have been elected in accordance with this law from the Htuttaw
constituencies."
Daw Aung San Suu Kyi was placed under a very strict form
of house arrest without charge, under Section 10, Subsection B and 14 of the
1975 Law to Safeguard the State Against the Dangers of Those Desiring to Cause
Subversive Acts, which allows for detention without charge or trial for
three years.
27 May
1990
The multi-party democracy general elections were held in
The SLORC issued its Declaration No. (1/90), stating that
only the SLORC has the right to exercise legislative, executive and judicial
powers and that it will not accept a government formed under on interim
Constitution.
In the above SLORC policy declaration, clearly stated
that,
Paragraph (12) Section (3) of the Pyithu
Hlutlaw Election Law provides that "The Hluttaw Shall be constituted
with the representatives elected from the constituencies in accordance with
this law."
Paragraph (20) Consequently under
the present circumstances, the representatives elected by the people are
those who have the responsibility to draw up the constitution of the future
democratic State.
28/29
July 1990
Members of the NLD and sister parties (Party for National
Democracy and Patriotic Old Comrades League), who had been elected to the
Parliament, met at the Gandhi Hall in Rangoon and adopted a resolution calling
on the SLORC to stand down and hand over power to a democratically elected
government. The NLD released its "Gandhi Hall Declaration", a demand for Parliament
to be convened by September 1990 and its also called for "frank and
sincere discussions with good faith and with the object of national
reconciliation."
On July 28, 1990, 500 members of the NLD, including 379 MPs, concluded their
first congress at Gandhi Hall and declared the party’s intention to convene
Parliament in September. As the Gandhi Hall Resolution was read out to a crowd
of about 10,000 people, its calls for a transition of power and the release of
NLD leaders were greeted with enthusiastic applause. Heavily armed security
forces maintained a threatening presence, but no interference was reported. On
the eve of the NLD congress, the SLORC issued Order No 1/90, which stated that
the junta would retain its powers under martial law until it had ensured that a
sufficiently strong constitution was in place. The order further stated that
elected representatives had merely been given the duty of drafting a new
constitution, a process that the regime would initiate at its own discretion.
This pre-emptive strike against the opposition’s anticipated demands was soon
followed by a fresh crackdown on NLD MPs and party members.
The NLD and Union Nationalities League for Democracy
(UNLD) jointly called on the government by the
The military regime retroactively amended the law under
which Daw Aung San Suu Kyi was held to extend her detention for up to five
years without charge or trial.
Daw Aung San Suu Kyi was awarded the 1991 Nobel Peace
Prize for her outstanding non-violent and unyielding struggle for freedom,
democracy and human dignity.
The SLORC dismissed its first chairman General Saw Maung
(1988-1992). General Than Shwe took over as SLORC chairman, prime minister,and
minister of defense.
The National Convention commenced on
On
the basic principles for the
elaboration of a constitution.
The eight different categories of deligates were:
(1) Delegates
from Political Parties,
(2) Delegates
elected in the 1990 Elections,
(3) Delegates
of National Races,
(4) Delegates
of Peasants,
(5) Delegates
of Workers,
(6) Delegates
of Intelligentsia and Technocrats,
(7) Delegates
of State service personnel, and
(8) Other
invitees.
Of the 702 National Convention delegates from eight
categories, 49 were selected by the 10 political parties remaining after the
1990 elections, 106 were elected representatives and the remainder of the
delegates from the six other categories were chosen by SLORC.In the elected
representatives group, where 89 of the remaining 106 delegates were from
National League for Democracy.In fact, members of National League for
Democracy, despite winning a little more than 80 per cent of the seats in the
1990 general elections, comprise only about 15 per cent of the 702 delegates
and are thus permanently in a minority.
The military junta announced Daw Aung San Suu Kyi can be
detained for up to six years under the marlial law. Whilst the regime as a
whole can choose to detain a person for five years, the regime said an extra
year can be added by the decision of a three-member committee comprising the
Minister of Foreign Affairs, Home Affairs and Defense.
SLORC chairman Senior Gen Than Shwe and Secretary (1) Lt.
Gen Khin Nyunt met Daw Aung San Suu Kyi for the first time since her house
arrest.
A second meeting was held at the State Guest House
between military intelligence Chief Lt. Gen Khin Nyunt and Daw Aung San Suu
Kyi.
U Nu (Thakin Nu),
Daw Aung San Suu Kyi was released from unlawful house
arrest and was permitted to stay in
Daw Aung San Suu Kyi was named as General Secretary again
after the NLD in defiance of the junta ban on charges in party leadership
positions reappointed her.
Daw Aung San Suu Kyi announced that the NLD did not
believe the National convention being held by the junta would lead the country
to democracy and that the NLD was withdrawing from the convention.
Consisting of 702 delegates representing political parties, ethnic minorities
and professional groups, the Convention adjourned after just two days. It met
again on February 1, but talks soon ground to a halt after even members
hand-picked by the SLORC opposed the military’s demands for a leading role in
national politics. In an 8-page statement, the NLD asked how “the idea of
developing genuine democracy (can) be in harmony with the principle of
permitting the military to play a leadership role of the nation.” There was
also dissent among ethnic delegates, whose demands for a federal system were
rejected by the regime. On January 24, fourteen people were arrested for
distributing leaflets opposing the Convention.By September, however, the
official press announced that most delegates had agreed that the military the
military should remain a key player in Burmese politics. The NLD finally
withdrew from the Convention in November 1995.
29
November 1995
The NLD formally declared its boycott of the sham National Convention, and Daw
Aung San Suu Kyi repeatedly call for establishing “ Dialogue “ for the purpose
of national reconciliation in order to solve the political problems by
political means.The SLORC has ignored Daw Aung San Suu Kyi’s call and continues
its drive to use the sham National Convention for the purpose of prolonging its
power.
26/28
May 1996
The NLD announced during the NLD's conference
that held on the sixth anniversary of elections between May
26-28 that the NLD would also draft a future constitution of
U Hla Than, 49, a lawyer and an NLD Member of Parliament
(Coco Island) elected in 1990 General
Elections, died of internal injuries due to torture in prison, at Rangoon
General Hospital. He was transferred from the prison to the hospital on 9 July
1996.He was arrested by SLORC on 21 October 1990 and sentenced under Section
122 (1) to 25 years in prison for ‘ attending secret meetings to establish a
parallel government ‘.
Monywa U Tin Shwe, 67, NLD Central Committee
member and in-charge of the Mandalay Division NLD Organizing Committee,died at
the Rangoon General Hospital of heart disease.U Tin Shwe was arrested for
planning a meeting to commemorate the 1988 uprising and sentenced by a military
court in November 1990 to imprisonment in Insein.U Tin Shwe leaves behind a
wife and three sons.
Senior General Saw Maung, 65, died of a heart attack.He
was the first Chairman of SLORC when it was established on 18 September
1988.Senior General Than Shwe replaced him in 1993 after he suffered a nervous
breakdown.
The nine year-old SLORC was disbanded and replaced with
the State Peace and Development Council (SPDC).
27/ 28
May 1998
The conference held by the NLD on 27 and 28 May,
commemorating the 8th anniversary of the 1990 General Elections, it was
resolved that, "This conference authorities its
Central Executive Committee to set a date for the convening of the People's
Parliament and to nolify the authorities accordingly."
U Hkiun Htee, a signatory of "The Panglong Agreement
1947", died.
The NLD demanded that Parliament be convened in
line with 1990 election result, on or before
The NLD announced the formation of the
Committee Representing the PEOPLE'S PARLIAMENT (CRPP) for a genuine democratic
UNION of BURMA.
The CRPP held its first meeting. The CRPP was established
due to the junta's refusal to comply with 1990 election results, its refusal to
allow Parliament to convene for nine years, and for failing to comply with a
demand which requires state authorities to convene Parliament.
On September 16, 1998, the NLD formed
the 10-member Committee Representing the People‘s Parliament (CRPP)
after the SPDC failed to respond to renewed calls to recognize the results of
the 1990 elections. Headed by NLD chairman U Aung Shwe and with the backing of
251 parliament members, including MPs from other parties, the CRPP annulled all
laws promulgated since
The SPDC immediately responded by
arresting 110 NLD MPs and officials, including CRPP speaker Saw Mra Aung,
83.
By the end of
the year, the SPDC had shut down 43 NLD offices, and has since insisted on the
dissolution of the CRPP as a pre-condition for the resumption of talks with the
opposition.
The military arrested U Aye Tha Aung, the secretary of
CRPP and the chairperson of the CRPP's Committee on Ethnic Nationalities'
Affairs.When the Arakan League for Democracy (ALD)was founded he become Joint
General Secretary.He is a member of Central Executive Committee of ALD.He
represents the Shan Nationalities League for Democracy (SNLD), Mon National
Democratic Front (MNDF), Arakan League for Democracy (ALD), and Zomi National
Congress (ZNC).
Security forces raided the NLD headquarters in
Daw Aung San Suu Kyi was placed under virtual house
arrest again, after she defied government restrictions on her movement and
tried to travel by train to the northern city of
October
2000
The military regime began holding closed-door
talks with Daw Aung San Suu Kyi in October 2000. The confidence building talks
have been kept secret by both sides and have shown no sign of a major
breakthraough.
The NLD held its 13th anniversary of the founding of the
party at its headquarters in
(1) To achieve the goals that have been set, all members
and elected MPs of the NLD will from this day on strive harder, unitedly and
with greater fervour.
(2) The spirit of patriotism, persistence and perseverance
of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, our General Secretary, constantly encompasses and
overshadows us. We therefore desire her unconditional and immediate release and
the release of all political prisoners.
(3) We remember always that our President U Aung Shwe and
General Secretary Daw Aung San Suu Kyi have been given a mandate to act on our
behalf. We will not let our enthusiasm diminish in anyway but will continue
steadfastly in our task.
The 10th anniversary of the awarding of the Nobel Peace
Prize to Daw Aung San Suu Kyi. She is the only Nobel Peace laureate currently
under detention for her commitment to human rights and democracy.
At a ceremony at the NLD's headquarters in central
The NLD vice-chairman U Tin Oo told the gathering,
reading the party's Independence Day Declaration that "We
would like to urge the government to sincerely and
speedily faster the emergence of a democratic nation through politically
meaningful talks."
The current regime took power after a bloody crackdown on
nationwide protests for democracy in 1988.
The military regime dubbed the SLORC/SPDC had refused to
recognize the results of the polls won overwhelmingly by the NLD held on
This year, as in the past years, UN resolutions have
stood behind the 1990 General Election result, demanded the immediate transfer
of power to the elected representatives and even noted the formation of the
Committee Representing the People's Parliament (CRPP).
The talks between Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and the SPDC,
brokered by UN special envoy to Burma Razali Ismail, have showed no sign of
bringing an end to
The people of
6 May
2002
Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, who has been under house arrest
since
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“ A
BRIEF HISTORY OF POLITICAL ACTIVISM IN
Student Protest of 1962
On
Arkan Demonstrations
On
SEA Games Protest
On December 1, 1969 students from
Rangoon, Mandalay and Moulmein take advantage of the Southeast Asian Games in Rangoon
to protest the Revolutionary Council. The protest is crushed down, many
students are expelled from their universities and
The Labour Strike of 1974
In May of 1974, oil field workers
from Chauk in central
U Thant Uprising of 1974
In December 1974, students from Rangoon University together with Buddhist monks stage demonstrations over what they perceive is the government's refusal to give appropriate honors to the death of U Thant, former Secretary General of the United Nations. The following demonstrations are directed more toward the larger problems of socialist government and students call for the overthrow of "one party dictatorship." Martial law is declared; at least nine people dies during the crackdown; and some 1800 students and activists are arrested.
Hmaing Centennial Revolt of 1976
On
Demonetization Boycott of 1987
On
Phone Maw's Event: Bloody
On
Myaynigone Killings of 1988
On
On
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The Special Rapporteur (SR)
of the Commission on Human Rights on the situation of human rights in Myanmar
(1) Mr. Yozo Yokota (
(2) Mr. Rajsoomer Lallah (
(3) Mr. Paulo Sergio Pinheiro
(
Paulo Sérgio Pinheiro
CURRICULUM VITAE [abridged]
EDUCATION
Law
Degree,
Licence
en sociologie à l'Université de Paris,
Doctorat ès études politiques à la Fondation Nationale des Sciences
Politiques (1971).
Livre
Docência em Ciência Política, Universidade de São Paulo, USP (1987)
UNIVERSITY POSITIONS
In
Assistant
professor of political science (1971- 1985), State University of Campinas,
Chair
of the department of social sciences (1977-1978),
UNICAMP, (1971-1985),
Professor
of Political Science, Department of Political Science, USP, since 1985
Advisor
to the Rector of the Universidade de São Paulo (1987-1988)
Director
of the Center for the Study of Violence [Núcleo de Estudos da Violência],
Chairperson of UNESCO chair on education, peace, human rights,
democracy and tolerance,
Abroad
(after 1995)
Visiting
Associate Professor of International Relations,
Watson Institute and Center for Latin American Studies,
Visiting Researcher, Maison des Sciences de l'Homme,
Titulaire pro tempore de la chaire d'études en sciences sociales
"Sérgio Buarque de Hollanda", Maison des Sciences de l'Homme,
Senior
Member at Saint Antony's College and Fellow at the Center for Brazilian
Studies,
Directeur
d'études associé, École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales,
Visiting
Faculty Fellow, Kellogg Institute,
MAJOR
RECENT PUBLICATIONS
MÉNDEZ,
Juan E, O'DONNELL, Guillermo and PINHEIRO Paulo Sérgio,(Org.). The (Un) Rule of Law and the Underprivileged in
-----------------
Democracia, Violência e Injustiça. [O Não- Estado de Direito na América Latina.
PINHEIRO,
Paulo Sérgio, GUIMARÃES, Samuel Pinheiro. (Org.). Direitos Humanos no Séc. XXI.
Brasília: IPRI/FUNAG, 1998. Vol. 1 / vol. 2. 1053p.
PINHEIRO,
Paulo Sérgio, São Paulo Sem Medo, Um diagnóstico da violência
GOVERNMENT POSITIONS
Special
Counsel [with the status of Secretary of State] to the Governor of São Paulo
State, Brazil (1983-1987)
Rapporteur
of the Brazilian National Human Rights Plan (1995-1996), launched by the
Brazilian Government in May 1996.
Rapporteur of the
MEMBERSHIP IN CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS
Board
of the Comunidade Solidária, a consortium of NGOS in partnership with the
Brazilian Federal Government, Brasília, chaired by Ms. Ruth Cardoso, (since
1999)
Justice
and Peace Commission of
Teotonio
Villela Commission on Human Rights,
Vice-
president of the board of the São Paulo Institute against Violence, (since
1997), an association organized by major business federations
in
Federal
Commission on Human Rights, Brazilian bar Association, OAB (1988)
Chair
of the Human Rights Commission, Brazilian
Bar Association,OAB-
Abroad
Board of the Center for Justice and International Law, CEJIL,
Board
of the Human Relations Initiative, Beyond Racism, Altanta, USA, 1998-2000
HUMAN RIGHTS MISSIONS
Several
human rights monitoring missions in several states of Brazil, Argentina, Chili,
Peru, Paraguay, Haiti, Burundi and Togo.
POSITIONS IN INTERNATIONAL BODIES
Special
Rapporteur on the Situation of Human Rights in
Member
of the UN International Commission of Inquiry on Alleged Human Rights
Violation in Togo, appointed by the UN Secretary-General (2000).
Consultant
for the Human Development Report 2000 on Human Rights, United Nation
Development Program, UNDP 2000.
Member
of the Civil Society Organizations Committee, UNDP,
Vice- president of the International Humanitarian Fact-finding
Commission,
United
Nations Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in
Chairperson
of the group of UN Commission on Human Rights Special Rapporteurs,
Special Representatives and Experts of the UN Commission on Human Rights,
Geneva (May 1997- May 1998).
Member
of the UN Sub-commission for the protection and promotion of human rights (1998-
2001)
Rapporteur
of the meeting of the UN Sub-commission for the protection and promotion of
human rights, (August 1999)
AWARDS
Pinheiro
was made Chevalier of the Ordre National du Mérite,
"Special
Prize" for his work on human rights, Sociedade Brasileira para o Progresso
da Ciência [Brazilian Society for the Advancement of Science], SBPC, 1988.
American
Sociological Association ("Distinguished Latin American
Criminologist", 1979).
Paulo
Sérgio Pinheiro was born in
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The United Nations Special Envoy for
(1) Mr.
Alvaro de Soto
In UNGA Resolution 54/186 (17 December 1999) on the situation in Burma, the
General Assembly requested the Secretary-General (SG) to continue discussions
with the government in order to assist in the implementation of that resolution
and to submit additional reports to the 2000 sessions of the Commission on
Human Rights (CHR) and of the General Assembly (GA).As noted in the report to
the GA (A/54/499), the SG’s Special Envoy, Alvaro de Soto, Assistant SG for
Political Affairs, visited Myanmar from 14 to 18 October 1999 and held
consultations with high-level officials of the government, including
Secretary-1 of the State Peace and Development Council, Lieutenant-General Khin
Nyunt and the Minister for Foreign Affairs, U Win Aung.Consultations were also
held with the members of the Central Executive Committee of the National League
for Democracy, including Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, and representatives of various
ethnic political parties and groups (e.g., New Mon State Party, the Kachin
Independence Organization).
The report to the 2000 Commission
(E/CN.4/2000/29,
(2) Mr.Razali Ismail
The United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan has
chosen the Malaysian diplomat, Razali Ismail, as his envoy to
Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for
Razali Ismail (
Date of appointment:
Press Release
SG/A/729
SECRETARY-GENERAL APPOINTS RAZALI ISMAIL SPECIAL
ENVOY FOR
The
Secretary-General has appointed Razali Ismail as his Special Envoy for
Mr.
Razali has been serving as the Special Adviser to the Prime Minister of
Malaysia. He was Permanent Representative of
RAZALI
ISMAIL (
Razali
Ismail, who was chosen UN Secretary-General’s special envoy to
As
In
1992, Mr. Razali headed
Mr.
Razali, a career diplomat, joined his country's foreign service in 1962. Prior
to his current assignment, he had served, from 1985, as Deputy
Secretary-General in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, in charge of political
affairs. He was
His
other assignments were as follows: Chargé d'affaires in
Mr.
Razali was conferred the title of Dato' Setia Diraja Kedah in 1985, and the
Panglima Setia Mahkota in 1991. In 1992, he received the Langkawi Environment
Award from his Government.
Mr.
Razali holds a Bachelor of Arts (Honours) degree in the humanities and
literature, has received an Honorary Doctorate from the
Born
in
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REFERENCES:
- “ Working People’s
Daily “ and “ New Light of Myanmar “ Newspapers.
- “ To Stand and Be
Counted: The Suppression of Burma’s Members of Parliament “ (All Burma
Students’ Democratic Front, Documentation and Research Center, Bangkok,
Thailand – June 1998).
- “ Letter from
v