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Burma Related News - June 12, 2003.



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BURMA RELATED NEWS - June 12, 2003.

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HEADLINES

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AFP - Powell notes similarities in Myanmar, Zimbabwe crackdowns on opposition

AFP - US Senate passes bill to ban Myanmar-made goods, freeze funds

AFP - ASEAN rapped over failure to rein in troublesome member Myanmar

AFP - Winds of change seen in ASEAN under new leadership

Reuters - Powell ups pressure for Myanmar release

Reuters - U.S. Senate approves ban on imports from Myanmar

Reuters - Myanmar blames Suu Kyi for breakdown in talks

Reuters - Thais arrest key aide to Myanmar drugs baron

LA Tîmes - EDITORIAL - Freeze Myanmar Assets

The Globe and Mail - Time to get tough on Myanmar

The Guardian - Burma's hour of need

CSM - Path to civilian rule eludes Burma

ABC online - Burma to be scrutinised at upcoming ASEAN meeting

JT - Kawaguchi to press for Suu Kyi's release

ABC online - ARF will push for release of Suu Kyi: Downer

Bkk Post - Joint call for Rangoon to free Suu Kyi

Xinhuanet - ASEAN senior economic officials meeting ends in Myanmar

Asian Tribune - India Urged To Stop Supporting SPDC of Burma

Sunspot - Time for tyrants to fear

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Thursday June 12, 11:22 AM
Powell notes similarities in Myanmar, Zimbabwe crackdowns on opposition

WASHINGTON, June 11 (AFP) - US Secretary of State Colin Powell drew likenesses between ongoing government crackdowns against the opposition in Myanmar and Zimbabwe and condemned both governments for their treatment of leading dissenters.

Powell said he and UN chief Kofi Annan had discussed the situation in both countries in a wide-ranging conversation during a working lunch at the State Department held amid new strife in the Middle East.

"We particularly focused on Myanmar and condemned the continued detention of Aung San Suu Kyi," Powell told reporters after the meeting, delivering the latest US criticism of Yangon for refusing to release the Nobel laureate from custody after more than a week.

"In a parallel way, I'd like to point out that in Zimbabwe we see a similar situation, where opposition leaders trying to express their dissent to the government are being detained and are being put at considerable risk of personal injury as a result of that detention," Powell said.

"We condemn these kinds of activities," he said.

On Tuesday, the State Department stepped up its rhetoric against Myanmar's military rulers, saying Aung San Suu Kyi's continued detention was "outrageous," "shameful" and "unacceptable," and again demanding her immediate release.

At the same time, the department also carried on with unrelenting criticism of Zimbabwean President Robert Mugabe's government for its crackdown on the opposition Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) and the arrest of its leader Morgan Tsvangirai on treason charges.

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Thursday June 12, 10:41 AM
US Senate passes bill to ban Myanmar-made goods, freeze funds

WASHINGTON, (AFP) - The US Senate overwhelmingly passed legislation to ban the import of goods made in Myanmar and freeze the Yangon military government's assets in the US in protest to a recent crackdown on the opposition.

The "Burmese Freedom and Democracy Act of 2003," which requires mirror legislation in the House of Representatives, contains a basket of economic and political sanctions.

They include expansion of an existing visa ban on members of the Yangon government past and present, their family members and associates, and a requirement that Washington oppose loans or other aid to Myanmar by international financial institutions.

Passage of the bill, by a 97 to one vote, follows the May 30 arrest and detention of democratic opposition leader and Nobel peace laureate Aung San Suu Kyi in what the US State Department has termed "an ambush by government affiliated thugs."

The arrest was condemned by democratic governments around the world.

Texas Republican Senator Kay Bailey Hutchinson, who co-sponsored the bill, said in a statement:

"The detention of Aung San Suu Kyi follows a clear pattern by the ruling military over the past decade to prevent her and her political party from assuming power, despite the democratic election they won by a landslide in 1990,"

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Thursday June 12, 10:34 AM
ASEAN rapped over failure to rein in troublesome member Myanmar

BANGKOK, June 12 (AFP) - ASEAN's failure to rein in troublesome member Myanmar, which has defied world opinion with its latest crackdown on the opposition, will be one of the tough issues facing its foreign ministers when they meet in Cambodia next week.

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations' policy of non-intervention in members' affairs, held sacrosanct despite criticism that it emasculates the grouping, is likely to come up for review.

United Nations envoy Razali Ismail, who on Tuesday ended a five-day mission to Myanmar to see opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi who has been held incommunicado since May 30, boldly criticised the bloc for its inaction.

"This is something that I have noticed for some time, the inability of the region to be able to deal with issues that are important to the region, and this is one of them," the former Malaysian diplomat said in a BBC radio interview.

"It really undermines the credibility of ASEAN by insisting upon non-interference and in the process of doing that perpetuating the status quo when clearly the people of Myanmar want change."

Razali, close to regional strongman Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad, made it clear the task of ending four decades of military rule in Myanmar rests on the shoulders of its neighbours, who span the political spectrum from youthful democracies to communist regimes.

"I've also realised now that this job is not something I can do alone. I have to get the support of the international community and I must particularly have the support of the countries of the region."

While some ASEAN members are happy to pursue the softly-softly approach that has so far failed to yield any reforms in Myanmar, others have indicated they have lost patience with the generals and their antics.

Thailand, which has extremely delicate ties with its neighbour, has repeatedly called for the junta to release Aung San Suu Kyi, while the Philippine government summoned Myanmar's envoy in Manila to grill him on the events.

However, these relatively modest responses are unlikely to impress US Secretary of State Colin Powell who will be attending the Phnom Penh meeting, after his office described Aung San Suu Kyi's detention as "outrageous," "shameful" and "unacceptable."

President George W. Bush made a rare personal statement of protest over the junta's move, which came after violent clashes in northern Myanmar where US embassy officials said the opposition leader's convoy was attacked by a pro-junta mob.

Apart from repeatedly and stridently calling for the release of Aung San Suu Kyi and other leaders of her National League for Democracy (NLD), the United States has expanded its visa blacklist and threatened to heap more sanctions on Myanmar.

But because of its policy of non-interference, ASEAN is unlikely even to issue a statement on the recent developments in Myanmar at the conclusion of the Phnom Penh meet which begins Monday.

However, the ASEAN Regional Forum, a leading security grouping which includes ASEAN's security dialogue partners like the United States, Canada, Australia, Russia, China, Japan and the EU, is likely to express concern.

"Myanmar will resist this. But the issue here is that the chairman's statement will be a reflection of the actual discussions," an ASEAN source in Singapore said last week.

Debbie Stothard of regional pressure group Altsean-Burma said ASEAN nations should consider it "extremely shameful" that the Myanmar junta continues to thumb its nose at the international community, bringing the entire region into disrepute.

"ASEAN should consider this as an embarrassment," she said after the government put National League for Democracy (NLD) leaders under house arrest and closed down its party offices nationwide.

"They have taken retrograde steps for ASEAN and its so-called constructive engagement... Despite the disquiet discreetly expressed by ASEAN governments, nothing has been done."

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Winds of change seen in ASEAN under new leadership

MANILA, June 12 (AFP) - Faced with terrorism threats, embarassed by Myanmar and locked in bilateral disputes, ASEAN states are expected to give priority to political and security issues after Indonesia takes over the group's leadership this month.

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), which operates by consensus and adheres to non-interference in political and security affairs of its 10 member nations, had been preoccupied by economic issues in recent years, especially moves to set up a free trade area.

Political issues in member nations even with regional implications were mostly relegated to the sidelines. There was little if any collective response to global political developments, like the Iraq War.

Also, regional security was not given due attention despite the threat posed by militant Islamic groups linked to Osama bin Laden's al-Qaeda terror network allegedly behind the Bali carnage last year.

But ASEAN's outlook could change when Indonesia takes over the chairmanship of the grouping's standing committee, the policy-making mechanism, at the grouping's annual meeting in Phnom Penh next week.

Indonesia, Southeast Asia's largest and most populous nation as well the region's biggest democracy, is to propose a forum to tackle raging political and security issues, ASEAN officials say.

Jakarta wants to set up a so-called "ASEAN Security Community," a framework agreement that contains "principles and mechanisms to promote regional security and political dialogue and cooperation," an official told AFP.

No operational details of Indonesia's proposal are available but officials expect it to be keenly debated among ASEAN members Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam.

"It is not just a defense pact or security cooperation pact but an agreement that covers all aspects of politics and security," Indonesian Foreign Minister Hassan Wirayuda was quoted saying recently.

"The failure of conflict resolution among us (ASEAN), provides loopholes for other countries to interfere. It is important therefore to build ASEAN's political power," Wirayuda said.

"In the past five years we have been concentrating more on economic cooperation, while to have a strong ASEAN we need to balance that with political cooperation," he added.

The Iraq War was cited as an example of political disarray in ASEAN, with some countries, like the Philippines and Singapore, supporting the US-led attack while others, including Indonesia and Malaysia, opposing it as it lacked UN authorization.

The question of Myanmar, where opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi has been detained after violent clashes in the latest twist to efforts to restore democratic reforms, has also dogged ASEAN for years.

While Western nations imposed political and economic sanctions on Myanmar for its reluctance to restore democracy, ASEAN preferred to adopt a policy of "constructive engagement," which has failed to change the political landscape of the landlocked state.

In the security arena, ASEAN has forged various agreements to combat terrorism but analysts say it still lacks a cohesive regional strategy to face the threat posed by the Jemaah Islamiyah, the Southeast Asian chapter of al-Qaeda blamed for the Bali bomb attacks that killed more than 200 people.

ASEAN watchers warn that the grouping has to confront head-on political and security challenges in its backyard if it wants to earn the respect of its key Western dialogue and trading partners, the United States and Europe, as well as Asian giants China and Japan.

Indonesia's proposal "is a very serious policy direction for ASEAN to take," ASEAN spokesman M.C. Abad told AFP.

"The consideration of a security community for Southeast Asia is a qualitative leap in the evolution of ASEANs security and political dialogue and cooperation," he said.

But Abad pointed out that the move would "enhance ASEANs political identity, which could have implications on intra-ASEAN conflict management on one hand and on ASEANs political role beyond its borders on the other."

"If you are part of a community and if a problem emerges in any country in the region, that problem is no more my or your problem, it is our problem," noted a Southeast Asian diplomat.

"Similarly, the Myanmar issue will become an ASEAN issue in need of an ASEAN solution," the diplomat said, speaking on condition of anonymity.

Indonesia's proposal comes at a time when there is apparently a vacuum in the leadership of the 36-year-old ASEAN grouping.

With regional strongman Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad set to step down in October after more than two decades at the helm, Jakarta is trying to reassert its influence as the de facto leader of the region, some analysts say.

But Dewi Fortuna Anwar, a noted Jakarta-based political commentator, said despite its size, Indonesia had always regarded itself as a "first among equals" in ASEAN.

"What is important is Southeast Asian nations are masters of their own destiny and their decisions are not dictated by external powers," she said.

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Thursday June 12, 3:51 PM
Powell ups pressure for Myanmar release
By Jane Macartney
, Asian Diplomatic Correspondent

SINGAPORE (Reuters) - U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell has turned up pressure on Myanmar's military rulers over the detention of Nobel laureate Aung San Suu Kyi, saying he will seek action from their Asian neighbours at a meeting next week.

Powell's comments, in a signed article published in the Wall Street Journal on Thursday, were the latest _expression_ of international outrage over the treatment of the pro-democracy activist, who is now in her 13th day of detention.

"The junta that oppresses democracy in Burma (Myanmar) must find that its actions will not be allowed to stand," he said in the commentary in which he called for financial measures against Myanmar's military rulers.

The military government took Suu Kyi into what it called "protective" custody during a trip to the north on May 30 after a violent clash between her supporters and government henchmen.

"The administration agrees with members of the U.S. Congress...that the time has come to turn up the pressure on the SPDC," Powell wrote, referring to Myanmar's ruling military body, the State Peace and Development Council.

The U.S. Senate voted 97-1 on Wednesday to approve a bill to ban all imports from the Southeast Asian country in response to Suu Kyi's detention.

Suu Kyi and about two dozen senior members of her National League for Democracy have been held at locations in or outside the Myanmar capital, sources told Reuters in Yangon. Some of the locations are undisclosed.

Powell said he would use a trip to Asia next week for an annual meeting of the ASEAN (Association of South East Asian Nations) Regional Forum to push Myanmar's neighbours to bring pressure to bear.

"I will press the case in Cambodia next week when I meet with the leaders of Southeast Asia despite their traditional reticence to confront a member and neighbour of their association," he wrote.

Myanmar's military rulers said on Tuesday they would release Suu Kyi as soon as possible, but gave no timeframe.

"If they are as good as their word, the release should come soon. If they are smart, it will come before the ARF," one Asian diplomat in Yangon told Reuters, referring to next week's ASEAN Regional Forum meeting.

Another diplomat from an ASEAN nation said: "We are waiting to see if she will be just moved back to her residence, or if all the restrictions on her movement will be lifted."

Suu Kyi has spent more than half of the last 14 years in detention in her Yangon home.

Diplomats say ASEAN, which operates under the principle of not interfering in the internal affairs of its members, may be forced to discuss Myanmar -- but in closed-door forums and preferring to keep the issue under the table.

Powell proposed a series of measures that could be taken to pile pressure on Myanmar, already hit by numerous sanctions.

He suggested a ban the assets of the ruling military and on remittances to Myanmar so that the government could not benefit from foreign exchange.

Legislation could be used to place restrictions on travel-related transactions that benefit the SPDC, he wrote.

"We should further limit commerce with Burma which enriches the junta's generals," he said, stressing the need for consistency with international obligations to such bodies as the World Trade Organisation.

The Senate bill would ban imports of anything mined, made, grown or assembled in Myanmar. It would freeze Myanmar government assets held in the United States, bar former and present leaders from travelling to the United States and require the Treasury Department to oppose World Bank or International Monetary Fund loans.
The House of Representatives International Relations Committee is scheduled to vote on Thursday on a similar bill.

U.S. imports from Myanmar totalled $356 million in 2002 and American exports amounted to $10 million.

Powell dismissed the explanation from Myanmar's rulers of the incident in which Suu Kyi was taken back into custody, saying investigations by U.S. embassy staff showed members of the military government had directed and staged the riot.

"Our response must be equally clear if the thugs who now rule Burma are to understand that their failure to restore democracy will only bring more and more pressure against them and their supporters," he said.

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Thursday June 12, 7:11 AM
U.S. Senate approves ban on imports from Myanmar
By Doug Palmer

WASHINGTON, June 11 (Reuters) - The U.S. Senate voted 97-1 to approve a bill on Wednesday that would ban all imports from Myanmar in response to the recent detention of pro-democracy leader and Nobel Peace Prize laureate Aung San Suu Kyi.

Sen. Mitch McConnell, a Kentucky Republican, said the import ban would send a strong signal to Myanmar's military government, which the United States has long criticized.

"The free world and free press have been quick to condemn (Myanmar's leaders). But strong words from foreign capitals must be matched by stronger actions," McConnell said.

Suu Kyi and about two dozen senior members of her National League for Democracy have been held at undisclosed locations in the Myanmar capital since they were taken into custody on May 30, sources told Reuters in Yangon.

The Bush administration has accused "government-affliated thugs" of a premeditated attack on Suu Kyi's motorcade and McConnell said her captivity heightened the need for a "swift and decisive response" to the government's actions.

Meanwhile, Thai Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra told a U.S. business group on Wednesday his government had been assured Suu Kyi would soon be released.

"They said the custody is just for her own safety ... You don't have to believe it, but this is what they said," he said.

The Senate bill would ban imports of anything mined, made, grown or assembled in Myanmar, formerly Burma. It would freeze Myanmar government assets held in the United States, bar former and present leaders from traveling to the U.S. and require the Treasury Department to oppose World Bank or International Monetary Fund loans.

The House of Representatives International Relations Committee is scheduled to vote on Thursday on similar bill.

At the insistence of Senate Finance Committee leaders, a provision was added to bill crafted by McConnell and Sen. Dianne Feinstein, a California Democrat, for Congress to review each year whether to continue the sanctions.

U.S. imports from Myanmar totaled about $356 million in 2002 and American exports amounted to $10 million. More than 85 percent of Myanmar's exports to the United States are textiles, clothing and footwear. The American Apparel and Footwear Association supports the proposed import ban.

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Myanmar blames Suu Kyi for breakdown in talks

YANGON, June 12 (Reuters) -  Myanmar's ruling military blamed detained opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi on Thursday for the failure of talks on a transition to democracy, as the United States turned up pressure on the junta to free her.

The junta said democracy in Myanmar, under military rule since a 1962 coup, remained one of its ''main goals'' and it was open to advice from other countries, including the United States.

''We remain open, as always, to all constructive and pragmatic advice,'' it said in a statement.

The government pointed to the setting-up of a 1993 National Convention, which included Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy (NLD), although she was under house arrest at the time, to write a constitution.

''Unfortunately, this national dialogue had to be postponed after the NLD decided in November 1995 to unilaterally withdraw.''

Suu Kyi was released from six years' house arrest in July 1995. Her party pulled out of the National Convention, saying the junta was inflexible and unwilling to transfer real power to elected civilians.

The junta made no mention in its statement on Thursday of a fresh dialogue brokered by the United Nations in 2000. Those ''confidence building'' talks later stalled and the military has ignored repeated calls from Suu Kyi to restart them.

U.S. President George W. Bush this week called for Yangon to release Suu Kyi and begin a substantive political dialogue with her. U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell, in published comments on Thursday, said he would seek action from Asian governments to pressure Myanmar at a meeting in Cambodia next week.

Nobel peace laureate Suu Kyi has been detained at undisclosed locations for the past 13 days following a violent clash between her supporters and pro-government groups. The NLD won 1990 elections in Myanmar by a landslide, but was denied power.

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Thais arrest key aide to Myanmar drugs baron

BANGKOK, June 12 (Reuters) - A key lieutenant to one of Myanmar's most wanted drugs barons was arrested in Thailand on Thursday and charged with trafficking, police said.

Laota Saenlee, 63, is believed to be a key aide to Wei Hsueh-Kang, accused by Thailand of being the biggest drugs baron in the Golden Triangle region, where the borders of Thailand, Myanmar and Laos meet.

Although Laota, a member of the Wa ethnic minority in Myanmar who has Thai citizenship, is not wanted outside Thailand, Wei has a $2 million price on his head offered by the U.S.

``We arrested him and his sons on charges of colluding to possess first class narcotics for sale,'' Chalermdej Jombunud, commissioner of the narcotics suppression bureau, told Reuters.

``Even though no drugs were seized, we have evidence to prove that they have trafficked heroin and methamphetamine from Myanmar to Thailand,'' Chalermdej said.

Thailand blames Wei and his United Wa State Army (UWSA), one of the world's biggest drug armies and and ally of Myanmar's military rulers, for an influx of methamphetamine pills in the country.

Laota was arrested in Chiang Mai province, 700 km (438 miles) north of Bangkok, along with his sons Vijan, 28, and Sukasem, 24.

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Los Angeles Times
EDITORIAL - Freeze Myanmar Assets
June 11, 2003

The military thugs running Myanmar finally may have opened their eyes to the esteem in which Aung San Suu Kyi is held outside their nation. They already knew how much their oppressed citizens thought of the woman who should be leading the nation formerly known as Burma: The huge numbers greeting her on her journeys around her country provided graphic evidence of her popularity.

Harboring despots' fears of ouster by a charismatic pro-democracy leader, the army rulers arrested Suu Kyi, again, after a deadly attack on her motorcade May 30. However, they let United Nations representative Razali Ismail meet with the democracy activist Tuesday after stalling for days.

Delay is not new for Razali, who has sought for two years to push the nation's autocrats toward democracy. He deserves credit for insisting on a meeting with Suu Kyi; so does his boss, U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan, who denounces the generals.

In 1947 a political rival assassinated Suu Kyi's father, an architect of the independence movement. Forty years later, his daughter began campaigning against the military regimes that ruled the country for much of its post-independence history. In 1990, she and her party won a parliamentary election but the military scrapped those results and kept her under house arrest. It also refused to let her leave to receive her 1991 Nobel Peace Prize or to be with her husband as he lay dying in England.

But a year ago, the junta let Suu Kyi travel again. Seeing her popularity undimmed, the government organized the May30 ambush of her motorcade and cited the violence as cause for her arrest. She was held incommunicado until Razali met her. Nearby nations like Thailand and Malaysia feebly protested the assault and arrest.

The U.S. Congress is considering tougher measures to freeze the assets of the Myanmar government held in the United States and to bar the country's leaders from traveling here.

Those steps are warranted unless Suu Kyi is released and allowed to travel freely. The United States and other countries earlier imposed economic sanctions on Myanmar that devastated its economy. Trade with Thailand and China, plus the export of narcotics, has kept it afloat.

The trading partners, other countries in the region and aid givers like Japan need to get tougher by imposing sanctions and aid suspensions to push the country toward democracy; that's the outcome Myanmar's citizens show they favor every time they get the chance.

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The Globe and Mail
Time to get tough on Myanmar
By PAUL KNOX
Wednesday, June 11, 2003 - Page A21


Few governments fit the definition of pariah regime as nicely as the State Peace and Development Council. These are the odious military rulers of Myanmar, also known as Burma, who last week threw opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi back into detention for the crime of being a peaceful advocate of democracy.

Aung San Suu Kyi, who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1991, is one of the world's bravest leaders. For most of the past 14 years she has been under house arrest. In 1990 she led the National League for Democracy to an overwhelming victory in a general election, but they were not allowed to take office, and the glimmer of political freedom was extinguished.

Drug trafficking flourishes under Myanmar's ruling junta; the country is the world's second biggest producer of opium for heroin. The generals' obsession with top-down economic development has led entire communities to be uprooted and forced to serve as peons on construction projects. The United States has banned new investment. Canada has taken a more limited approach. It has eliminated favourable import tariffs and government aid to firms doing business in Myanmar, and it calls on Canadian companies not to trade or invest there.

It's time to take a tougher stand. One potential vehicle for doing so is the Special Economic Measures Act, or SEMA, passed in 1992 by the Conservatives under Brian Mulroney. If the Chrétien government were to invoke SEMA against Myanmar, it could ban imports, exports and new investment. This has not happened, partly because the Foreign Affairs Department applies an excessively conservative interpretation of the law.

SEMA allows the federal cabinet to act when the United Nations or another international body has ordered sanctions, or if Ottawa determines that "a grave breach of international peace and security has occurred that has resulted or is likely to result in a serious international crisis." There are no UN sanctions in place against Myanmar, and Foreign Affairs takes the view that whatever you think of the junta, it is not a threat to international peace and security.

The abuses of the Myanmar gang go far beyond repression of political dissent. Here is the catalogue compiled by New York-based Human Rights Watch: "Forced labour, forced relocations, censorship, use of child soldiers, violations of religious freedom and atrocities committed against ethnic minorities."

Such practices have come to be understood as dangers to global security, for their inherently destabilizing effect and their potential to spill across borders. They threaten "human security" -- the concept of putting civilian protection first that was pushed by former foreign affairs minister Lloyd Axworthy. Unfortunately, Foreign Affairs appears to inhabit a human-security-free zone. Happily, there are forces arguing for a less conservative view. Talks are under way to develop measures that could include the use of SEMA and increasing aid to the democratic opposition. For some time, an independent legal opinion on SEMA has been circulating among people concerned about Myanmar that argues that the cabinet would be on firm ground using the act, if only because of the threat posed by the Myanmar drug trade. David Kilgour, the Secretary of State for Asia-Pacific relations who is also a lawyer, says he finds this opinion persuasive.

Of the possibility that Ottawa might act more decisively, Mr. Kilgour says: "If letters come in and people show they're getting concerned about this, something may happen." Foreign Affairs Minister Bill Graham wouldn't commit himself, but he said: "We're all frustrated, and I agree this [tougher measures] is an issue we have to raise."

Would stronger action by Canada make a difference? It would certainly be an important symbolic act. Canadian exports to Myanmar are minimal, and imports are small -- about $46-million last year. But in 2001 they hit $63-million -- eight times the figure in 1993, the year after SEMA was passed. More significant is the investment of Vancouver-based Ivanhoe Mines Ltd., which has a 50-per-cent share in a producing copper mine with a state-owned Myanmar firm. SEMA is not likely to be applied to an existing investment. But there are compelling reasons for precluding future moves by Canadian firms in the absence of progress on the human-rights front. It's long past time to stop believing Myanmar's generals will change, or that dialogue with them has any meaning. Using SEMA would be an important signal about Canada's willingness to stake out guidelines for corporate and commercial conduct abroad.

It would have other virtues as well. Consistency would be one; another would be guts.

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The Guardian
Burma's hour of need
Asian leaders face a testing moment
Leader
Wednesday June 11, 2003

Reports yesterday that Aung San Suu Kyi, Burma's pro-democracy leader, is uninjured and "in good spirits" are welcome news if true. But that does not mean international pressure for Ms Suu Kyi's release after her violent ambush and arrest last month by pro-junta thugs should slacken. Those detained with her and an estimated 1,000 other political prisoners belonging to the National League for Democracy should also have their freedom. Given this latest relapse into brutality by Burma's generals, this is a minimum precondition for a meaningful resumption of the UN-backed national reconciliation dialogue.

It may be that the junta, alarmed by Ms Suu Kyi's popular speaking tours reminiscent of her victorious campaign in the stolen 1990 election, would be content to see the dialogue founder, calculating that the international community will do little by way of punishment. That is why the energetic, behind-the-scenes lobbying of the Bush administration is so important. US diplomats have reportedly delivered tough "requests" to 11 regional countries to exert pressure on the junta. George Bush, urged on by Congress, was also expected to discuss additional measures with the visiting Thai prime minister yesterday. Thailand has significant business and trade links with Burma and, like Japan, is reluctant to act tough.

While Britain, France and the EU have all condemned recent events, this roundabout US approach stems from the sensible hope that Asian states will resolve an Asian problem without deeper western intervention that might become highly objectionable to them. That is not to say that the EU should merely look on helplessly. Unless there is a rapid improvement, Britain must push for the immediate levying of targeted EU investment sanctions, like those of the US, as campaigners and MEPs urge. Companies still defiantly operating in Burma, such as British American Tobacco, must be told to wind down and pull out.

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The Christian Science Monitor
World > Asia: South & Central
from the June 11, 2003 edition
Path to civilian rule eludes Burma

A UN envoy Tuesday was the first to visit Aung San Suu Kyi after her detention May 30.

By Simon Montlake | Special to The Christian Science Monitor

MONYWA, BURMA (MYANMAR) ? The sun had already sunk behind the rice paddies and palm trees. The men, armed with sharpened sticks and clubs, had chosen their ambush point well: a one-lane bridge over a dusty creek. When a convoy of 90 cars and motorbikes slowed at the crossing, the trap was sprung.
Caught in that trap were opposition leader and Nobel Peace laureate Aung San Suu Kyi and about 200 of her supporters. The attackers were led by a civilian front for Burma's military regime. When they finished, at least 70 people, mostly youth activists, lay dead, most of them bludgeoned, according to Burmese who have collated eyewitness accounts. Opposition activists, diplomats and analysts say the Burmese junta was behind the May 30 attack and the wider crackdown on the prodemocracy movement.

Suu Kyi, who led the National League for Democracy (NLD) to victory in 1990 only to see the vote annulled, was arrested that night after her car was attacked. Tuesday, Razali Ismail, a UN envoy who has been trying to broker political talks in Burma, met with the Nobel laureate and told reporters that she was in good health, contrary to reports she was injured in the attack. Scores of other NLD officials are also in custody or under house arrest.

US officials have responded to the crackdown by calling for more economic sanctions, while joining international calls for the release of Suu Kyi and other political detainees. But the attack has dealt a body blow to this nation's hopes of emerging from years of isolation and strife under military rule. The message behind the recent violence seems clear: there is no road map for a return to civilian rule in Burma.

"To the generals, they see that dialogue with the opposition means that they will ultimately lose out, and basically they just don't want to know," says Aung Naing Oo, a Burmese political analyst based in Thailand.

The latest crackdown comes more than a year after Suu Kyi was released from 19 months of house arrest, her most recent detention. At that time, the military regime spoke of "national reconciliation" and held out the prospect of political negotiations with the NLD, only to stonewall attempts to initiate serious talks.

Observers say senior leader Gen. Than Shwe, a hard liner who loathes even the mention of Suu Kyi's name, has now dropped any pretense of peaceful coexistence with pro-democracy forces. His control over the civilian militia that carried out the May 30 ambush puts him squarely in the driving seat of that bloody operation, they say, and underscores his willingness to use force to stay in power.

Diplomats say the regime also grew frustrated with the refusal of US and European countries to lift diplomatic and economic sanctions, despite releasing Suu Kyi in 2002. "They didn't get the rewards, so they probably started saying, 'hey, why do we bother playing ball with the West?' " says a European diplomat in Bangkok.

But sparks also flew closer to home. In the past year, Suu Kyi had doggedly rebuilt a political party that had withered through years of repression. Branch offices were reopened and young activists recruited to the cause. Suu Kyi toured the country, drawing rapturous crowds, even in Burma's more remote regions with large ethnic populations, where her party's Burmese base could be a handicap.

As Suu Kyi's popularity increased, so did harassment from the regime. Thugs were sent to disrupt her rallies by menacing onlookers and blasting loud music to drown out her speeches. But the crowds kept coming. The last NLD rally held in Monywa, a day before the fateful night drive, drew tens of thousands of supporters for a 20-minute address by Suu Kyi and caused three-hour tailbacks on the road from Mandalay.

The next day, the regime struck back. According to state media, what happened on the road from Monywa was a spontaneous clash between pro- and antigovernment forces, an example of the chaos wrought by democracy activists, or "internal destructive elements."

But local residents have a different story to tell. They say it was a preplanned attack staged by government forces that press-ganged villagers to fight, without telling them for what cause, and brought convicts to nearby houses where they were plied with alcohol before the attack. Opposition sources that spoke to eyewitnesses say that trucks were driven onto the road to cut off the rear of the convoy and that soldiers shot and killed students and monks from Monywa who tried to reach the scene.

US officials reached a similar conclusion last week when they visited the scene. A team from the US Embassy in Rangoon retrieved bloody clothing, weapons, and broken glass from what the State Department has since called a "premeditated ambush" by "government-affiliated thugs."

Secretary of State Colin Powell is likely to press Burma for answers at a regional meeting of foreign ministers in Cambodia next week. Diplomats say the strike against Suu Kyi is a rude awakening for Western countries that thought the junta had turned over a new leaf when it released her in 2002. "We've tried the carrot and now this: a reality check. The US and Europe are really fed up," says a Western diplomat.

But any hopes of concerted international pressure on the regime will be dented by the reluctance of many Asian countries to reprimand the junta. Diplomats say Burma is confident that China and Japan, as well as trading partners in Southeast Asia, won't join any campaign to squeeze the regime.

Even a proposed ban on US imports of Burmese textiles, worth about $350 million a year, can only exert so much effort, say analysts.

"The military doesn't care unless there is real pressure, and I don't think that pressure is forthcoming from the European Union, let alone ASEAN," says Ms. Naing Oo, referring to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations.

In Burma, where few are brave enough to speak out and risk the regime's wrath, public reaction has so far been understandably muted. In private, though, Burmese express frustration with the military's decaying grip on a nation and the harsh treatment meted out to the woman known simply as "The Lady."

"She's here in our hearts, but this is a setback for us. It may be another five or 10 years before my country can get better," says a schoolteacher.

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Burma to be scrutinised at upcoming ASEAN meeting
12/06/2003 20:00:26 | ABC Radio Australia News

Australia says Asia Pacific security talks next week should send a strong message to Burma's government about releasing democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi.

Our foreign affairs correspondent, Graeme Dobell, reports Australian officials say the ASEAN Regional Forum in the Cambodian capital, Phnom Penh, will offer a chance to assess Burma's new crackdown.

Australia has suspended its human rights dialogue with Burma because of the democracy crackdown which has seen Ms Suu Kyi under detention for the past two weeks.

However, officials say there has been no fundamental change in the government's commitment to dialogue with Burma, and say the human rights process will be resumed as soon as possible.

The foreign minister, Alexander Downer, is due to see his Burmese counterpart during the Phnom Penh meeting next week.

Mr Downer says Australia will continue talking to Burma, an approach he sees as more useful for the region than the hardline approach to the regime taken by Europe and the United States.

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The Japan Times: June 12, 2003
Kawaguchi to press for Suu Kyi's release

Foreign Minister Yoriko Kawaguchi plans to urge the Myanmar junta to release detained democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi when Kawaguchi meets Myanmar Foreign Minister Win Aung in Phnom Penh on June 19, government sources said Wednesday.

Kawaguchi will make the request when she meets her counterpart on the sidelines of Association of Southeast Asian Nations meetings in Cambodia.

Suu Kyi and members of her National League for Democracy were placed in "protective custody" following violent clashes May 30 between NLD supporters and demonstrators for the junta in northern Myanmar.

In May last year, the junta released Suu Kyi, the 1991 Nobel Peace Prize laureate, from 19 months of confinement at her home in Yangon.

Suu Kyi has led the fight for democracy in Myanmar through the NLD, which won the country's 1990 elections by a landslide but was never allowed to take power.

Japan apparently decided that the meeting between the foreign ministers would be a good chance to urge Myanmar to release Suu Kyi, because ASEAN member countries will also likely pressure the junta at the forum.

The junta has given assurances that they will release Suu Kyi, U.N. special envoy Razali Ismail said Tuesday.

"They gave assurances but they didn't give specific dates," he told reporters in Kuala Lumpur airport after returning from a five-day mission to Yangon.

"Well, I think in two weeks they should release her. They can't keep her too long. It could create negative effects on them," he said.

Razali met with Suu Kyi on Tuesday and said she is in good health.

Kawaguchi has told Razali that Japan would back his efforts to obtain Suu Kyi's release.

ASEAN groups Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, Thailand, the Philippines, Brunei, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia and Myanmar.

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ABC online
Posted: Thu, 12 Jun 2003 18:26 AEST
ARF will push for release of Suu Kyi: Downer


Australia says Asia Pacific security talks next week should send a strong message to Burma's Government about releasing the democracy leader, Aung San Suu Kyi.

Australian officials say the ASEAN Regional Forum in Phnom Penh will be a chance to assess Burma's new crackdown.

Australia has suspended its human rights dialogue with Burma because of the crackdown which has seen Aung San Suu Kyi under detention for the past two weeks.

But Australian officials say there has been no fundamental change in Canberra's commitment to dialogue with Burma and the human rights process will be resumed as soon as possible.

Foreign Minister Alexander Downer is due to see his Burmese counterpart during the Phnom Penh meeting next week.

Mr Downer says Australia will continue talking to Burma, seeing this as more useful for the region than the hardline approach to the regime taken by Europe and the United States.

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Bangkok Post - Thursday 12 June 2003
Joint call for Rangoon to free Suu Kyi
Bush takes PM to task on anti-drugs crusade


Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra and US President George W Bush demanded Burma immediately release pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi during talks on Tuesday in Washing-ton.

The two leaders also urged Rangoon to return to the national reconciliation process, said Foreign Ministry spokesman Sihasak Phuangketkeow.

In addition, White House spokesman Ari Fleischer said Mr Bush and Mr Thaksin demanded the junta free other members of Mrs Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy after a nationwide round-up of opposition activists.

``We have great concerns about the actions that are being taken in Burma,'' Mr Fleischer said, adding the United States had extended a ban for one year on new US investment and related sanctions.

The 45-minute talks resulted in a joint statement covering the fight against terrorism, and efforts under the Asean Regional Forum toward a peaceful solution to the North Korean nuclear crisis, Mr Sihasak said.

In addition, Mr Bush expressed concern over the government's recent anti-drugs campaign.

However, Mr Sihasak said the two leaders failed to agree on wording on the Burma and drug issues for the joint statement.

The Foreign Ministry spokesman also revealed an extradition deal had been signed with Washington to bypass the International Criminal Court (ICC).

US State Department officials said the deal was signed on June 3, but declined to say why it had not been announced previously.

Washington has refused to support the ICC, arguing it could become a forum for politically motivated prosecutions of US citizens, including civilian military contractors and former officials.

Mr Sihasak said Mr Bush was considering the designation of Thailand as a major non-Nato ally.

However, a planned signing of a bilateral agreement on port security was not included in the joint statement, he said.

Mr Thaksin said he discussed a free-trade agreement with Mr Bush ``and we acknowledged that the FTA would be mutually beneficial.''

Speaking at a dinner in Mr Thaksin's honour, US Trade Representative Robert Zoellick said Washington considered Thailand an excellent prospect for a free-trade agreement.

``President Bush believes Thailand is a very strong candidate,'' he told the dinner, sponsored by the US-Asean Business Council. ``I think that the prospects for progress are excellent.''

The government recently signed a bilateral Trade and Investment Framework, which Washington uses to push issues such as regulatory transparency, the protection of intellectual property rights and trade facilitation. _ Agencies, Bangkok Post

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ASEAN senior economic officials meeting ends in Myanmar
Xinhuanet 2003-06-12 11:33:40

YANGON, June 12 (Xinhuanet) -- The two-day meeting of senior economic officials (SEO) of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) ended here Wednesday evening.

The SEO meeting discussed matters relating to the ASEAN-Japan economic partnership, ASEAN-India economic relations, the establishment of (ASEAN+3) East Asia free trade area, the implementation of coordination on ASEAN+US (United States) trade investment and the establishment of ASEAN-China free trade area.

The discussions also covered the meeting on ASEAN economy and investment to be held in Thailand in October and the establishmentof the Task Force for Asia-Europe Close Economic Partnership.

The meeting outlined plans for holding the Special Meeting and the 35th Meeting of ASEAN Economic Ministers in July.

The meeting decided that the next SEO Meeting will be held in Singapore from July 29 to August 1.

The present ASEAN SEO meeting, which began on Tuesday, was attended by ASEAN Secretary-General Ong Keng Yong and representatives of member countries of ASEAN, which groups Brunei,Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam.

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Asian Tribune
Date : 2003-06-12
India Urged To Stop Supporting SPDC of Burma

Chiang Mai, June 11: "Stop support to the brutal military government! Withdraw economic support to State Peace and Development Council (SPDC) !" These were the shouts of international Human Rights activists who trooped to the Indian Consulate in Chiang Mai today as part of its campaign for democracy in Burma

Activists from India, Mongolia, Belgium, Philippines, Thailand, Australia, Fiji, Indonesia, Canada, Japan and Malaysia delivered their letter to the Indian government, urging it to stop supporting the military junta in Burma.

?The violent ambush on Black Friday and the ensuing crackdown is the most serious recent attack on Burma?s democracy,? according to the letter which was signed by organizations and individuals under the group?s name, Friends of Burma Coalition.

The ?Black Friday? refers to the May 30, 2003 incident where un-armed democracy supporters were attacked reportedly by the Union Solidarity Development Association (USDA), and troops of the State Peace and Development Council (SPDC). Still an undetermined number of democracy supporters have been killed. Aung San Suu Kyi, the popular opposition leaders was abducted by the military, and has been in the SPDC custody since then. There were other leaders of the National League for Democracy (NLD) who were reportedly missing.

?It has been 11 days since Aung San Suu Kyi has been taken into custody by the military. Apart from the report of UN Special Envoy Razali that she was in her high spirits when they met for 30 minutes yesterday, there is nothing we have heard about her release. This is just not acceptable,? says Titi Soentoro of Women?s Solidarity for Human Rights in Indonesia. ?SPDC has to have more pressure from the international community for her immediate release.?

Titi Soentoro was one of the 3 people allowed to enter the office of Mr. Abraham, the Indian Consular in Chiang Mai. ?Mr. Abraham has assured us that the Indian government is also not pleased with the May 30 incident in Burma. According to him, the Indian government has already expressed this in previous statements.?

India, along with China and Thailand, are perceived to be the most important friends that enable the Burmese military regime to survive. ?There has been a lot of condemnation of the fascist regime in Burma from the international community. But talk is cheap. There has to be concrete actions against the SPDC,? says Judy A. Pasimio from Asia Pacific Forum on Women, Law and Development (APWLD). India has been actively forging bilateral ties with Burma. The Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) has been reportedly primarily responsible for the development of economic ties with the junta. ?India has to suspend and seriously review its trade policies with and economic and military support to a regime that uses these assistance to further entrench itself into power, while continuing its oppressive and violent rule over its people with impunity.? According to Judy, the upcoming Asean Regional Forum (ARF) would be a critical venue. ?We are urging the members of the ARF to put Burma and its current political crisis in the priority agenda.?

?But the urgent call of the coalition is for India, as a good friend of SPDC, to urge the military junta to release immediately and unconditionally Aung San Suu Kyi and the other NLD leaders,? says Bee, a Thai member of the Friends of Burma Coalition. ?While Mr. Abraham was kind enough to receive our letter to the Indian government, we need to step up our pressure to the Indian government to make use of its influence on SPDC.? According to Bee, there would be more actions to be taken by the Friends of Burma Coalition. ?Obviously, SPDC does not really care about its reputation. What matters to this regime is that they still have the support of their few but powerful friends. We hope that Indian government, as well as Chinese government will take the side of the people of Burma, and not the military junta.?

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Sunspot
Time for tyrants to fear
Originally published June 12, 2003

AYEAR AGO, when the military junta illegally controlling Myanmar last released its democratically elected leader, Aung San Suu Kyi, from house arrest, the generals promised a dialogue aimed at national reconciliation.

True dialogue in the nation once known as Burma would lead to a decided weakening, if not the total loss, of the generals' power, so that hasn't happened.

And as of yesterday, Ms. Suu Kyi, a Nobel Peace Prize laureate, remained back in detention after a violent government attack late last month on her and her supporters - and even after a United Nations envoy spent days trying to gain her release.

Given that Myanmar's military also has a long record of slave labor and drug trafficking, what more do responsible nations need to now get tougher with this regime?

With that in mind, these days are critical - starting with passage late yesterday of a U.S. Senate bill to ban imports from Myanmar, seize the regime leaders' U.S. assets and bar U.S. visas for them.

This ban should give greater weight to heightened U.S. diplomatic efforts to isolate these despots.

Virtually all Senate leaders from both parties, led by Kentucky Republican Mitch McConnell and California Democrat Dianne Feinstein, supported the ban.

Maryland Sens. Barbara A. Mikulski and Paul S. Sarbanes were among its many co-signers, Mr. Sarbanes having signed on just yesterday after activists complained he hadn't.

A House subcommittee has approved a similar bill. Everything possible should be done to see that this ban - affecting a quarter of Myanmar's exports, worth about $350 million a year - becomes law soon.

But even just Senate passage of the ban gives Secretary of State Colin L. Powell a bigger stick when he attends a meeting of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in Cambodia next week - a gathering at which the United States needs to lean even harder on Thailand and Japan to back off aiding this terrible regime.

Time is well past for allowing Myanmar's generals to enslave their own people. As Senator McConnell said yesterday in calling for the import ban vote: "It's time for tyrants to fear in Burma."

The import ban likely won't bring down these generals in itself. But it provides a key tool in building an effective worldwide movement - with roles for ASEAN, the European Union and the United Nations - to end their illegal reign.

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