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Burma Related News - March 22, 2001



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BURMA RELATED NEWS - March 22, 2001.
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Headlines
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AP - Thai, Chinese Foreign Mins To Discuss Drugs Issue
AFP - China searching for bomb blast suspect near Russian border
AFP - Vietnam union bosses admit drug addiction not just bourgeois scourge
Reuters - Thai general says some politicians involved in drug trade
Asia Pulse - Korean Govt to Send Economic Experts to Help Developing Nations
Asia Pulse - New Taiwan Envoy to Pitch for Closer Ties With Asean
The Star - Myanmar family caught for illegal entry
People's Daily - Thai PM: Border Conflict with Myanmar Will End Early Next Month
Kyodo News - Thai police suspect Myanmar monks of spying
The Nation - Politicians trading in drugs: General
The Nation - THAI TALK: Is this 'megaphone diplomacy' in the making?
The Nation - A plea for the release of Burmese student leader in solitary
The Nation - Ex-Dictator Appears for Lunch and Merit
Bkk Post - Shots fired at security unit
Xinhuanet - Myanmar Leader Stresses Importance of National Security

Thursday March 22, 1:48 PM
Thai, Chinese Foreign Mins To Discuss Drugs Issue
 
BANGKOK (AP)--Foreign Minister Surakiart Sathirathai flew to China Thursday for a four-day official visit during which he will discuss cooperation on fighting drug trafficking.
Thailand and China signed a deal last year on exchanging information on suppression of drugs, especially methamphetamines being produced by ethnic armies in neighboring Myanmar. Millions of tablets are smuggled from Myanmar into Thailand and China every year.
 
Surakiart will ask China to formulate concrete action plans based on the deal, Foreign Ministry spokesman Pradab Pibul- songgram said.
 
The new Thai government of Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra recently declared war on drugs and openly accused the United Wa State Army, a former Myanmar rebel group that signed a cease-fire, of producing and smuggling methamphetaminesinto Thailand.
 
Besides drugs, Surakiart will also discuss cooperation in developing the northern Mekong region, Pradab said.

Thursday March 22, 5:20 PM
China searching for bomb blast suspect near Russian border
 
BEIJING, March 22 (AFP) - China has launched a frantic search near its border with Russia for the chief suspect behind last week's deadly bomb blasts in the city of Shijiazhuang, police told AFP Thursday.
 
Police in the border city of Suifenhe in the northernmost province of Heilongjiang said they were conducting a massive manhunt for Jin Ruchao, the fugitive suspected of carrying the blasts which killed at least 108 people.
 
"He definitely won't be able to get out," a border inspection official told AFP.
 
The official said border guards have been on the lookout for Jin, a skinny-faced deaf-mute, for the past three days after police received a tip that he was sighted on a long-distance bus travelling from the neighbouring province of Jilin to Suifenhe.
 
Every police station and border inspection checkpoint in Suifenhe has been put on special alert for the 41-year-old fugitive, a convicted rapist who is also wanted in connection with the murder of his girlfriend earlier this month.
 
City police are combing railway stations, bus stations and hotels for the fugitive, said a police official. Arrest warrants carrying a picture of Jin have been posted throughout the city.
 
"People from all walks of life are looking for him," she said.
 
A police officer at a railroad station said his unit had been working round-the-clock checking identification of people getting on and off trains and raiding nearby hotels several times a day.
 
Residents say the bombings, which happened within the space of an hour on March 16 at or near housing compounds for cotton mill workers, killed up to 200 people although the authorities have put the death toll at 108.
 
The Hong Kong-based Information Center for Human Rights and Democracy said the government had issued a nationwide order to hunt down Jin.
 
Police believe he may head to Myanmar, from the bordering southern Chinese province of Yunnan, if he does not make it to Russia.
 
But authorities believe Jin is most likely headed to Russia, where mafia gangs, given enough money, can easily spirit him to safety, perhaps to a Western European country, said the center.
 
Illegal immigration from China to Russia is common, with many eventually smuggled to Western countries.
 
Shijiazhuang police, meanwhile, have deployed a team of investigators in Suifenhe to help root out Jin, the center said.
 
Jin is the only suspect identified by police so far, but reports say police are looking for up to eight suspects.
 
Police officers this week arrested two residents of a village just outside Shijiazhuang who are believed to have sold Jin the explosives used in the attack.
 
No motive has been given for the bombings, but a Chinese paper has reported that Jin had family ties to all four buildings destroyed in the explosions. A five-storey building reduced to rubble housed a flat belonging to his father and stepmother, while another housed his ex-wife and her husband.
 
The bombings are a mystery to Chinese citizens. Few believe Jin could have carried out the well-planned attacks alone, while locals believe the explosions could be the work of disgruntled laid-off state orkers or organized crime gangs linked to the ex-mayor arrested for massive corruption.

Thursday March 22, 6:38 PM
Vietnam union bosses admit drug addiction not just bourgeois scourge
 
HANOI, March 22 (AFP) - Thirty percent of Vietnam's registered drug addicts are blue-collar workers, union bosses said Thursday in a frank admission that narcotics are not the bourgeois scourge often depicted by communist ideologues here.
 
Of the 100,030 addicts registered to July last year, 30,000 of them were state sector employees, the deputy head of the Vietnam Labour Confederation's (VLC) drugs and social evils department, Le Van Nhien, told the Gia Dinh va Xa Hoi (Family and Society) newspaper.
 
A survey carried out by unions in drugs rehabilitation units across the country also found that 30 percent of addicts were trade union members, the English-language Vietnam News reported.
 
By contrast students, regarded in most Western societies as a key risk group, formed just 1.6 percent of addicts, while farmers, who form the huge majority of Vietnam's 78 million population, accounted for only 0.6 percent.
 
Alarmingly for travellers, the transport industry proved the "most notorious" sector for drug use, with 6,000 addicts uncovered in the survey.
 
The coal industry came a distant second with some 300 addicts found.
 
Nhien said that the VLC had been working to persuade managers against automatically firing staff who were found to have a drug problem.
 
"We have been directing those units to learn that state employees who become addicted to drugs for a first or second time should be regarded as victims," he told the newspaper.
 
"Only if they return to the habit for a third or fourth time are managers entitled to sack them."
 
VLC deputy chairman Do Duc Ngo said the unions had also been urging employers and local authorities to help recovering addicts find a job as employment often proved the most difficult part of their rehabilitation.
 
The ready availability of cheap heroin has fuelled a massive increase in addiction in Vietnam's big cities in recent years, greatly complicating the government's fight against AIDS.
 
Despite the widespread use of the death penalty in a draconian campaign against trafficking, opium and its derivatives continue to pour across the border from neighbouring Laos and the other poppy-growing Golden Triangle countries of Myanmar and Thailand beyond.
 
Needle sharing among heroin users has so far been the main factor behind the spread of the AIDS virus here, the health ministry says.
 
But growing heroin use among prostitutes has seen an alarming rise in sexual transmission, with infection rates among Ho Chi Minh City prostitutes leaping to 15.9 percent in 1999 from just 3.1 percent the previous year.
 
Mounting official concern about the spread of AIDS has prompted a growing frankness about a raft of issues that were previously regarded as bourgeois "social evils."
 
Last April the social affairs ministry made the shock admission that as many as 70 per cent of the men who use Vietnam's myriad brothels were not decadent Westerners but communist party cadres and civil servants.
 
"Prostitution has developed in an alarming and fairly open manner in Vietnam since 1997 ... largely due to the lack of firmness shown in punishing prostitutes' customers and particularly those who are party cadres or state officials," the head of the ministry's social evils department, Nguyen Thi Hue, said in a frank newspaper interview.
 
Hue's 70 percent figure for the proportion of brothel-goers who are party or government officials was repeated by the Ho Chi Minh City youth daily Tuoi Tre Thursday in its report on the trade union drugs survey.

Thursday March 22, 1:49 PM
Thai general says some politicians involved in drug trade
By Nopporn Wong-Anan
 
BANGKOK (Reuters) - An outspoken Thai army general responsible for defending the country's northern border with Myanmar said on Thursday several Thai politicians and businessmen were involved in drugs trafficking across the frontier.
 
Lieutenant-General Wattanachai Chaimuanwong, commander of Thailand's third army, told Thai radio he could not take legal action against the culprits because he did not have any authority or evidence to do so.
 
"I can't arrest them because we are not authorised to, even though we know what they are doing," Wattanachai said. "Narcotics trafficking is a multi-billion baht business involving hundreds of people and networks... Politicians need money from them to buy votes."
 
Wattanachai has been extremely critical of Myanmar following clashes at the border last month.
 
He says Myanmar's government is encouraging the activities of the United Wa State Army (UWSA), the source of most of the methamphetamine pills flooding Thailand.
 
Myanmar insists that it is clamping down on drugs and says the UWSA, an ethnic Wa militia group, should not be made a scapegoat for the problem.
 
Wattanachai's comments have often contradicted Defence Minister Chavalit Yongchaiyudh, who boasts good personal connections with Yangon's ruling generals, fuelling speculation in the Thai media that Wattanachai could be transferred to a higher but inactive post later this year.
 
The two countries, which share a 2,400 km (1,490 mile) border, have waged a war of words since their troops exchanged fire in February clashes that left several dead.
 
Thai and Myanmar officials plan to hold their first border talks in two years on April 2-4 in the northeastern Myanmar town of Kengtung in a bid to soothe simmering tensions.
 
Among the issues Thailand wants to discuss at the meeting are cooperation to fight drugs, problems with refugees and illegal immigrant workers, and disagreements over some sections of the border.
 
General Sampao Choosri, supreme commander of the Armed Forces, told reporters on Wednesday the resumption of a healthy bilateral relationship would emerge only after talks at a national level.
 
The last regional border meeting was held in Thailand's southern resort of Phuket in March 1999.

Thursday March 22, 4:10 PM
Korean Govt to Send Economic Experts to Help Developing Nations
 
SEOUL, March 22 Asia Pulse - The Korean government said it will dispatch economic experts to developing countries this year, to transfer knowledge about economic development and how to overcome financial crises in cooperation with the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development [IBRD].
The government will select the nations and support agenda through meetings amongst related ministries. These will include the Finance an Economy, Planning and Budget, and Foreign Affairs and Trade ministries.
 
State-run institutes, the Korea Development Institute [KDI], and the Korea International Cooperation Agency will also be included.
 
The government has already sent out a research team to eight Asian nations within the last two months. Those countries include Mongolia, Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand, Laos, Myanmar, Cambodia, and Vietnam.
 
The government will start dispatching advisory teams to selected nations in May, after completing field research next month.

Thursday March 22, 10:10 AM
New Taiwan Envoy to Pitch for Closer Ties With Asean
 
TAIPEI, March 22 Asia Pulse - New Taiwan representative to Malaysia Huang Yen-chao said Wednesday he will do his utmost to push for closer relations with the Association for Southeast Asian Nations [ASEAN] after assuming his new post.
Huang, who served as Taiwan representative to Belgium for six years before receiving his Malaysian assignment, made the pledge in a report to the Legislative Yuan's Foreign and Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee on the outlook for ROC-Malaysia ties.
 
Noting that ASEAN is a very important regional organization in Asia, Huang said Taiwan's exclusion from its activities is unreasonable.
 
Huang further said that if the proposal to establish a new "ASEAN plus three" (mainland China, Japan and South Korea) organization is realized, Taiwan's diplomatic situation in the Asia-Pacific region will become even more difficult.
 
In the past few years, Huang said, the Taiwan government has expressed through various channels its desire to become an ASEAN dialogue partner.
 
Given the fact that all ASEAN countries recognize mainland China and none of them maintain formal diplomatic ties with Taiwan, Huang said, it will not be easy for Taiwan to become an ASEAN member.
 
He said it might be easier and more feasible to seek to become an ASEAN dialogue partner.
 
As Malaysia plays a critical role in ASEAN, Huang said he will take advantage of his new post to forge closer ties with ASEAN.
 
In addition, Huang said he will also endeavor to upgrade bilateral Taiwan-Malaysian relations by using the clout of the Chinese community and Taiwanese investors there. Malaysia is a traditional destination for major overseas investment by Taiwan entrepreneurs.
 
ASEAN groups 10 countries -- including Thailand, the Philippines, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Brunei, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar and Cambodia. It now has many dialogue partners, inclduing the United States, Canada, mainland China, Japan and South Korea.

The Star - March 22, 2001.
Myanmar family caught for illegal entry
 
SUNGAI GOLOK: A Myanmar family of six who tried to enter Kelantan illegally were nabbed as they arrived in a sampan at Pos Azizah here on Tuesday.
 
Commanding officer of the 8th General Operations Force Supt Wenceslaus Dana said the couple, Mohd Amin Mokhtar and Mariam Sukur, tried to enter the country along with their four children aged between four and 11.
 
The family was being detained at the Pasir Mas district police station before being deported.
 
Supt Dana said that the force also seized more than five tonnes of smuggled rice at five different locations along the border during routine patrol in the last two days.
 
No arrest was made as the bags of rice were found abandoned in bushes.

People's Daily
Thursday, March 22, 2001, updated at 11:09(GMT+8) 
Thai PM: Border Conflict with Myanmar Will End Early Next Month
Thai Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra has expressed optimism the Thai-Myanmar border conflict would be settled by early next month, saying the two neighboring countries should give priority to common interests, according to a report of the Thai News Agency (TNA) Thursday.
 
The Myanmar government had recently agreed to host the joint Regional Border Committee (RBC) meeting April 2-4 to discuss ways to end the months-long border problem, Thaksin was quoted as saying on Wednesday.
 
The premier refused to comment on the Rangoon statement that the Thai government had a name-list of some politicians who are blacklisted for involvement in drug trafficking, but ignored to take decisive action against them.
 
He said he did not want to make any retaliatory remarks because his administration had clearly declared war against narcotics.
 
He believed Myanmar leaders are aware of Thailand's strong determination to suppress drug trafficking.
 
Thaksin also played down mounting concerns from the Rangoon statement the country's prestige would be raised for discussion at the RBC meeting.
 
He said he believed officials concerned in the talks would try their best to settle the conflict as soon as possible. 

Thai police suspect Myanmar monks of spying
 
MAE HONG SON, Thailand March 21 Kyodo - Thai police said Wednesday they have put more than 200 Buddhist monks from Myanmar in the northern border province of Mae Hong Son on a watch list over suspicions they are military spies.
 
Most of the monks belong to Myanmar's ethnic Shan minority and have been in Thailand for years trying to win followers, they said.
 
Many of them are closely watched since they often cross the border between the two countries, according to the chief of a Mae Hong Son district police station, Col. Tinnapat Pumarin.
 
''Some monks are moving around the border areas seeking to make friends with Thai military officers guarding the areas,'' he said.
 
The Thai Royal Police ordered all stations in border areas to beef up their control of the movement of Buddhist monks from neighboring Myanmar following border disputes between the two countries last month.
 
Some 40 Myanmar people suspected of spying have been detained by Thai authorities since the February clash.
 
The Thai military estimated earlier that hundreds of people from Myanmar are spying in Thailand and mix in all sorts of groups, such as migrant laborers, businessmen and fortune tellers.
 
Monks and fortune tellers are difficult to control since some senior Thai officials and their wives are followers, Tinnapat said.
 
Sour relations between Thailand and Myanmar intensified last month when both sides clashed in several border areas. At least four Myanmar soldiers died and many Thai soldiers were wounded, while five civilians were also killed and more than a dozen wounded.

The Nation - March 22, 2001.
Politicians trading in drugs: General
 
THIRD Army Region Commander General Watanachai Chaimuanwong yesterday said more than 10 Thai politicians and businessmen were involved in narcotics trafficking and production in Burma and Thailand's northern region.
 
He was responding to a news report suggesting Burma had a list of 10 Thai politicians who had prominent roles in the production and trafficking of drugs, particularly methamphetamines.
 
"It is for sure that a number of Thais - politicians and businessmen - are involved in the syndicates," said Watanchai.
 
"Our Office of Narcotics Control Board has a list of them, more than 10 of course," he added.
 
Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra said he would make no statement relating to the Burmese claims this time.
 
"I have my own way to check and deal with this case," he said. "Burma is aware already of my strong efforts to tackle the drug problem."
 
Meanwhile former prime minister Chuan Leekpai said he had never been shown the list. "It would be good if Burma gave the list to the Thai side, however we have to check the facts first," he said.
 
"During my premiership, Rangoon never gave such a list to me."
 
Thailand and Burma have exchanged verbal barbs since last month, when Burmese troops encroached on Thai territory in pursuit of ethnic Shan rebels.
 
Watanachai was the first to come out and criticise Burma's actions, and allege its involvement in drug trafficking.
 
His criticisms are considered to have broken Thailand's traditional diplomatic approach - to avoid making direct criticisms of other countries, particularly neighbours. The situation became tense after Thaksin lashed out at Burma and the Burmese affiliated United Wa State Army.
 
The conflict resulted in the closure of the Thai-Burma checkpoint linking Chiang Rai with Burma's Tachilek. Thailand recently re-opened its side of the checkpoint, but Burma has not. Watanachai yesterday said raw materials and the equipment used to produce narcotics were imported illegally into Burma from Thailand.
 
"It is a fact that chemicals and materials used in the production of speed pills and other narcotics come from the Thai side," the general said. "The ingredients are also produced in China and sent to Burma through Thailand," he said.
 
Thailand and Burma agreed to convene their Regional Boundary Committee (RBC) in Keng Tung on the Burmese side from April 2 to 4. The committee has not met for two years, because of the countries' shaky relationship.
 
Watanachai said the main talking points in the meeting would be old bilateral problems that had never been seriously tackled, such as border demarcation, illegal immigration, fishing and narcotics.
 
The Thai side would also raise Burma's intrusion into Chiang Rai province last month, Watanachai said.
 
"We consider the upcoming RBC meeting as a proactive approach from the Thai side," he said.
 
"The meeting is expected to help ease the tension."

The Nation - March 22, 2001.
THAI TALK: Is this 'megaphone diplomacy' in the making?
BY SUTHICHAI YOON
 
THERE is nothing wrong with resorting to "megaphone diplomacy" if it gets two neighbours to move on to the next stage of "personal diplomacy". And there is nothing wrong with "personal diplomacy" if it doesn't end up in the form of logging concessions, hotel construction contracts or fishing permits granted to individuals from our side of the border.
 
Foreign Minister Surakiart Sathirathai's "forward engagement" policy can certainly replace his predecessor Surin Pitsuwan's "flexible engagement" if it allows both Thailand and the military government of Burma to tell each other to "put your own house in order" to avoid creating unnecessary trouble on the border for your neighbour.
 
The military junta of Burma has obviously taken note of the new style of Thai diplomacy through Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra's "cross-border diplomacy" expounded almost off-the-cuff two weeks ago in the border town of Chiang Rai. His was a typically populist approach which went down well with many a Thai seeking an end to the drug flow from the Burmese side of the border. Thaksin was apparently bent on showing that he was changing the game of Thai diplomacy by talking straight and getting tough.
 
The new premier, after launching the high-profile and widely-publicised "workshop" on drugs, caused a stir by deliberately delivering a stern message to the other side of the border. He departed from the old "good neighbours" tradition of not posing embarrassing questions in public by saying that he would demand explanations from Burma's generals over the deadly flow of drugs from jungle refineries controlled by Wa minority groups. Thaksin, the no-nonsense CEO, was getting down to business. The previous undeclared "don't-ask-because-you-won't-get-an-answer" policy was unceremoniously thrown out the window.
 
In another act in his unusual push for policy transparency, the prime minister even de-classified Army intelligence on the dramatic expansion of the once sleepy town of Mong Yawn on the other side of the border. It was the first time that Thai authorities, in the presence of the prime minister, had publicly hurled charges of possible connivance between the Wa warlords and the authorities in Rangoon. Reporters were even told of pictures taken of several Burmese generals inspecting Mong Yawn's vast expansion - a gesture of condoning what Thai officials consider to be inexcusable.
 
The junta's angry reaction wasn't unexpected, although its call for Thailand to put its own house in order instead of trying to make Rangoon a "scapegoat" for its drug problems was more rhetorical than substantive. Thaksin's immediate response obviously didn't help pacify the junta. "Of course, we have been trying to put our house in order, but dust keeps blowing in from the North." That's as diplomatic as the new Thai CEO can get in suggesting that you can't live in peace if things aren't settled next door.
 
Blunt talk isn't necessarily bad or counterproductive if the objective is clear. Tough political talk should be aimed at bringing the neighbour to the negotiation table where real substantial bilateral issues, and not "personal grievances" or "vested interests", are ironed out. Personal diplomacy, of course, should be employed if familiarity among senior officials on both sides paves the way for candour and dispenses with deep-rooted mutual suspicion.
 
The convening of the Regional Border Committee won't resolve what basically constitute national-level conflicts. It's not just border disagreement over demarcation. Nor is it purely a case of Thailand being flooded with illegal Burmese migrants - which has in itself become a problem of growing magnitude in political, economic and social terms here.
 
The paramount sticking point is the drugs issue, which goes beyond the Thai-Burmese context. It's a worldwide problem and Premier Thaksin, with no skeletons in the closet on this particular issue, should engage the world community in this highly critical problem. Burma has to convince not only Thailand but the international community that it's serious about tackling the drugs issue. In other words, the new Thai government has to perform where the previous administration failed. To be effective in the long term, any Thai strategy towards our western neighbour has to be based on the concept that it's Burma against the world - and not just one of those normal irritants two neighbouring countries usually encounter.
 
Thai authorities, of course, aren't innocent of any shenanigans along the border. But if the new premier is determined to get a fresh start on this front, he will have to embark on a major overhaul of the security and foreign policy establishment to ensure consistency and clear direction to achieve national goals.
 
"Personal diplomacy" in this particular case got a bad name in the past because it was seen to be a case of "you-scratch-my-back-and-I-scratch-yours" for certain Thai senior officials and their Burmese counterparts.
 
Taking the cue from Rangoon and, in the name of good neighbourliness, Thailand should take up the gauntlet and adopt a new, constructive policy towards Burma: I clean up my house and you clean yours.

The Nation - March 22, 2001.
Letters to the Editor
A plea for the release of Burmese student leader in solitary
Lia Korrel
 
After Burma was admitted to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (Asean), I hoped that there would be some concrete improvements in the human rights situation, for example, the release of prisoners of conscience and improvements in prison conditions. Unfortunately, this does not seem to be the case.
 
I am referring in particular to the case of Min Ko Naing, a student leader and prisoner of conscience who was arrested and sentenced to 20 years imprisonment, a sentence that was commuted to ten years in January 1993. Although Min Ko Naing should have been released in March 1999 on completion of his sentence, he is still held at Sittway Prison, Rakhine State.
 
For most of his imprisonment Min Ko Naing has been held in complete solitary confinement. In 1993 he was visited in Insein Prision by a United States Congressman. He was said to be in poor health and appeared disoriented. In November 1994, the United Nations Special Rapporteur on Burma was also allowed to visit him briefly in prison and described him as being nervous and thin. Subsequent reports on his health stated that he suffers from a nervous tremor and may have suffered emotionally as a result of his ill treatment and prolonged solitary confinement. He is believed to suffer from a gastric ulcer.
 
Since his prison term is over and moreover since he was imprisoned for non-violently exercising his rights of freedom of _expression_, as guaranteed under international law, I would ask for his immediate and unconditional release.

The Nation - Thursday, March 22, 2001
Ex-Dictator Appears for Lunch and Merit
Deutsche Presse-Agentur
 
RANGOON - Burma's former military strongman General Ne Win, who urled the country between 1962 and 1988, appeared in public yesterday for the first time in years to host a lunch for 99 senior Buddhist monks, eyewitnesses said.
 
The lunch, presided over by Ne Win, 91, was held at he posh Sedona Hotel in downtown Rangoon.
 
Altogether 99 members of the Buddhist Sangha, -essentially the Buddhist priesthood - and about 500 lower ranking monks, atended the merit-making event, observers said.
 
It was the first time Ne Win has appeared in public since 1988.
 
Political observers in Rangoon, many of whom lived under Ne Win's iron-fisted rule for 26 years, took note that 99 Sangha members were invited by the strongman, who believes in numerology.
 
The speculation was that Ne Win was hoping to add another eight years to his life with the auspicious number of 99 monks, compared with his 91 years. General Ne Win seized political power with a military coup d'etat in 1962, when he introduced the economically disastrous "Burmese Way to Socialism". Over the years it reduced the once-prosperous Burma to nation
with 'least developed country' status by 1988.
 
He officially retired from politics in mid-1988, after anti-military demon-strations rocked Rangoon, pitting soldiers against students and resulting in a brutal crackdown.
 
Although Ne Win has distanced himself from government affairs, he is widely believed to be a powerful behind-the-scenes player in the military clique that has ruled Burma since 1988.
 
Ne Win was member of the "30 comrades", a group of Burmese nationalists who first sided with the Japanese in World War II and later formed the core of a resistance movement against them.
 
General Aung San, leader of the comrades, was his superior in rank. Aung San Suu Kyi, Aung San's daughter, now leads Burma's opposition party.

Bangkok Post - March 22, 2001.
Shots fired at security unit
Chiang Rai
 
An unidentified force fired machine guns at a Thai patrol from across the Burmese border yesterday but there were no reports of casualties.
 
Boonchob Suthamanaswong, an assistant chief of Mae Chan district, said the attack took place at about 11am, when 10 paramilitary rangers were on patrol on a road between Ban Hua Mae Kham and Ban San Makhet.
 
The assault ceased after soldiers of Pha Muang Force fired two warning mortar rounds back across the border.
 
Troops were later reinforced there.
 
Villagers along the border with Burma have been told to be prepared for border clashes as the anti-Rangoon Shan State Army will celebrate its national day on March 25, while Burmese soldiers will celebrate Burmese national day on March 27.
 
- About 15,000 Burmese troops are heading towards Kengtung in Shan state, where a new offensive is expected against minority rebels, said a high-level Shan State Army source. The column was heading towards Kengtung, the venue of the Thai-Burmese Regional Border Committee meeting scheduled for early next month.

Myanmar Leader Stresses Importance of National Security
2001.03.22 11:06:25 
 
YANGON, March 22 (Xinhuanet) -- Myanmar top leader Senior-General  Than Shwe has stressed the importance of security, peace and  stability in the country, especially in  regions which lagged  behind in development even after Myanmar regained its independence in 1948.
 
Than Shwe, Chairman of the Myanmar State Peace and Development  Council, made the remarks here on Wednesday at the opening  ceremony of an international relation course conducted by the  Union Solidarity and Development Association (USDA), official  newspaper The New Light of Myanmar reported Thursday.
Than Shwe, who is also patron of the USDA, urged the people to  take lessons from the "divide-and-rule" policy of the colonialists, and their "instigations" and "driving of wedge" among Myanmar's  135 national races.
 
"Only if all the national races defend the union, would they be able to enjoy peace and development for a long time," he said,  warning otherwise that Myanmar will again be faced with bitter  experiences it underwent 50 years ago.
On Myanmar's international relations policy, Than Shwe  maintained that his country has been always adhering to the policy without fail.
 
He said the country is also launching regional and  international cooperation with full confidence, valuing the  regional stability and its own sovereignty as well as that of all  nations.
He cited a Myanmar saying -- "Enhance amity, diminish enmity"  and " Say it seldom, make it stick" -- which he said the country  has been practised as its code of conduct in handling  international relations.
 
He believed that if the code of conduct receives equal response, a better environment of relations can be attained.