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Burma Related News - Mar 31, 2003.



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BURMA RELATED NEWS - March 31, 2003.

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HEADLINES

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AP - Myanmar health authorities gear up to fight SARS

AFP - Mekong region countries should adopt regional strategy: PATA
Asia Pulse - China's Renminbi Strong Currency in Asia

The Nation - Opinion - Burma's political dialogue: stalled yet again

The Nation - Letters - Who will provide defence in the absence of America?

Frontline - A case revived

IB - Teknaf Land Port to be operational soon

Bernama - 30 Indonesians Held For Fighting At Night Market

JP - Borobudur festival lures foreigners

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Myanmar health authorities gear up to fight SARS

Mon Mar 31,04:17 PM ET
 
YANGON, Myanmar (AP) _ Myanmar's Health Ministry said Monday it has deployed medical personnel at airports and seaports to identify visitors suffering from symptoms of the perplexing flu-like illness spreading across the globe.
 
Passengers arriving from the high-risk countries _ Hong Kong, China, Singapore, Vietnam and Canada _ are being asked to fill in questionnaires on whether they are suffering from symptoms of the disease, said a Myanmar Airways official, speaking on condition of anonymity.
 
About 60 people have died around the world and more than 1,600 infected by the disease, known as severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS. Its symptoms include high fever, dry cough and shortness of breath. No cases have been reported in Myanmar.
 
One of the doctors conducting the checks at the Yangon international airport told The Associated Press that the medical team immediately checks passengers who have a cough or appear feverish. The doctor spoke on condition of anonymity.
 
``An ambulance is on standby to take passengers with symptoms for further checkup but so far no case of SARS has been detected,'' the doctor said.
 
Hospital sources also said that a few beds have been prepared at a contagious diseases hospital in a northern Yangon suburb.
 
Since March 19, the Health Ministry has launched a media campaign to educate public on the illness. All three state-run newspapers in the military state have carried SARS prevention warnings.

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Sun Mar 30,03:34 PM ET

Mekong region countries should adopt regional strategy: PATA

 

HANOI, March 30 (AFP) - The countries of the Mekong subregion should adopt a regional approach to boost the local tourism industry, Pacific Asia Travel Association (PATA) officials said here on Sunday following a regional forum.

 

"It is an unnatural thing for national administrations to work together. But these countries come to realize that it is clever to have a regional approach," said Les Clark, consultant for the Asian Development Bank (ADB).

 

The Eighth Mekong Tourism Forum gathered the six countries of the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS), which oversees development projects involving Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam and the Chinese province of Yunnan.

 

Years ago "the six countries were not communicating with each other. Over time, every one has been increasingly more confortable", Clark said.

 

The forum was organized as the industry struggles to resist the fallout from the Iraq war and the outbreak of a deadly pneumonia .

 

"What we have advised is communication with consumers, travel industry and media to have a clear indication of what the situation is," Peter Semone, PATA's vice-president said during a press briefing.

 

"All destinations have to be reasonnably conservative," he said, stressing that the organization had followed World Health Organization (WHO) screening and monitoring guidelines.

 

In 2002, GMS countries received more than 16.2 million visitors, up 8.6 percent on 2001, professionals said.

 

Specialists believe the industry will benefit from customers increasingly interested in two or three-country vacations, with sites like Angkor Wat in Cambodia, Sukkhotai in Thailand and Luang Prabang in Laos becoming complementary rather than competitive destinations.

 

"Our remaining task is how to wake up such potentials and turn them into a momentum boosting tourism growth and bringing a better life for all people living in the area," Vietnam's deputy-prime minister Vu Khoan said in his welcome adress Saturday.

 

Mana Chobtham, director of the Agency for ccordinating Mekong tourism activities (AMTA) warned the GMS countries would face considerable competition in the years ahead.

 

"We expect there will be a major rush for the Indian and Chinese markets, now seen as the most promising growth markets of the future."

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Monday March 31, 1:17 PM

China's Renminbi Strong Currency in Asia

 

CHONGQING, March 31 Asia Pulse - Millions of Chinese traveling in neighboring Asian regions are taking the Chinese Renminbi (RMB) with them, using the currency as a means of payment, as it enjoys a status never credited it before -- a strong currency.

 

Last year, nearly three million well-off Chinese packed up to travel to places outside China, some as far as western Europe, Australia, Egypt, and the Maldives in South Asia.

 

Prior to this year's seven-day Spring Festival holiday, when many Chinese chose to travel overseas, stores in the shopping districts of downtown Hong Kong declared they would accept the RMB for payment, hoping it would stimulate the consumption of hundreds of thousands of mainland Chinese tourists arriving in Hong Kong.

 

Zhang Fan, a clerk who has worked many years in Hong Kong, said most shopping districts in the city now welcome the RMB, and some drug stores even put up a sign saying "One RMB yuan equals one Hong Kong dollar." The official conversion rate for Hong Kong dollar to RMB is about 100:106.

 

Statistics show that Hong Kong now has a reserve of RMB notes worth more than 50 billion yuan (US$6 billion).

 

In Vietnam's Ha Tuyen province, which borders southwest China's Yunnan Province, Chinese travelers could use the RMB freely to buy goods like fruits, bottled mineral water and various kinds of souvenirs.

 

The Myanmar government recently raised its customs duty-free ceiling to 5,000 yuan (US$602), in an attempt to attract more Chinese tourists to visit the country.

 

Even in economically underdeveloped Mongolia, the RMB is also circulating on markets in the capital Ulan Bator as imports of China-made commodities are rising. In some hotels, the RMB is accepted.

 

Although an increasing number of Chinese travel abroad, fewer conversion trades have been reported with foreign exchange authorities at home. Usually Chinese going abroad have to buy foreign currencies for use overseas.

 

In Chongqing, the booming municipality in west China, 40,000 local residents traveled overseas in 2002, but they only bought less than US$500,000 for their trip. In the previous years, some 31,000 local residents traveling overseas bought US$12.4 million in foreign currencies, according to the city foreign exchange administration.

 

But it was a quite different story in the early 1990s when traveling abroad began to be easier and individuals had a chance to purchase foreign currencies. Most people bought foreign currencies at the exchange administration and tried to save as much the foreign money as possible as inflation protection.

 

The acceptance of the RMB in neighboring countries and regions means a lift in the currency's credit and its promotion as a strong currency in Asia, indicated officials with the Chongqing office of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange.

 

Economists also attributed the elevation to growing direct investment by Chinese enterprises in surrounding countries and regions, which helped increase RMB circulation.

 

Chinese enterprises in areas bordering Southeast Asia have eyed lucrative markets there, and looking beyond merely promoting their products on local markets, they have also invested in building factories in Vietnam, Indonesia and other countries in the region.

 

Analysts said the Chinese RMB's steadfastness during the financial crisis that swept Asia in 1997, dragging down the world economy, transformed it from a weak currency into a tower of strength in the economic storm.

 

It is natural that a strong economy would prop up a strong currency, analysts noted.

 

Last year, China's GDP exceeded 10 trillion yuan (US$1.2 trillion) and its foreign currency reserve reached US$280 billion, ranking second in the world, which will ensure the stability of the RMB.

 

Experts say that, on the basis of the present growth rate, China's share in the global economy is expected to rise from 3.7 per cent in 2000 to 8 per cent in 2020, and is likely to become the world's second largest economic power by 2030.

 

During the financial crisis, China maintained its policy of not devaluating the RMB, and a stable Chinese currency helped the neighboring countries survive the hardship and made room for their exports as their own currencies depreciated sharply.

 

China's new Premier Wen Jiabao said recently that a strong and stable RMB would benefit Asia and the world at large.

 

Sun Jie, an economist at the International Finance Center under the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said RMB circulation in neighboring countries was the first step to its acceptance globally, but there is still a long road ahead before the RMB becomes one of the world's leading currencies.

 

Analysts noted that the on-going Iraq war has produced negative effects on China's economy, and the RMB has been under increasing pressure to appreciate.

 

Gao Huiqing, an expert at the development research department under the State Information Center, warned that once the RMB was forced to appreciate by a big margin, the Chinese economy would suffer much as Japan's did, and fall into recession.

 

Many economists shared the consensus that keeping the RMB's conversion rate in a comparatively long period of time will be beneficial not only to China's economic growth, but also to other Asian economies.

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The Nation
Opinion - Burma's political dialogue: stalled yet again
KAVI CHONGKITTAVORN
Published on Mar 31, 2003
 
The war in Iraq has had a great dampening effect on the future prospects of the reconciliation process in Burma. The Burmese junta leaders know full well that world attention is no longer focused on their ongoing suppression of the Burmese people.
 
The much-heralded release of opposition party leader Aung San Suu Kyi last May has remained only a gesture. The regime is still reluctant to genuinely start the much-awaited political dialogue to proceed towards power-sharing and building democratic institutions.
 
Burma is also facing an economic malaise of its own making. The fallout of its banking crisis in recent weeks will have far-reaching ramifications on its poorly managed financial markets and the economy in general.
 
In such a dire situation, the dialogue process has now become the regime's most efficient diplomatic instrument to increase international support and recognition. Apart from delaying further sanctions and weakening support of the opposition, the junta aims to sideline democracy and strengthen its grip on the lives of the Burmese people.
 
The latest incident encountered by the UN Special Rapporteur for Human Rights Paulo Sergio Pinheiro pointed to Burma's ulterior motives in international engagement. Pinheiro cut short his visit to Rangoon last week after finding a hidden microphone inside the room he used to interview political prisoners. Later he told reporters in Bangkok he was frustrated by the slow progress of both the reconciliation dialogue and the release of political prisoners.
 
The UN has been pressuring the Burmese regime to set free more prisoners to show its seriousness in the dialogue process. So far, the regime has released around 600 political prisoners. Nobody knows the exact numbers, but Bangkok-based diplomats said that at least 500-600 were still in prison. Given the circumstances now, the reconciliation process will run according to the regime's timetable and at its own choosing.
 
This tactic has served the junta leaders well in engaging the world over the past three years. On the surface, they have displayed a willingness to talk with the opposition in order to confuse international opinion about their goodwill and to soften demands for tough measures against the Burmese regime. That explains why the international community cannot agree on measures to isolate and punish the regime.
 
Within Burma, the junta leaders have choreographed their moves so precisely that the reconciliation process has been used as an alibi to weaken the opposition party. While Suu Kyi is free to travel, the junta has instigated incidents to mar her visits.
 
Now, returning diplomats - who have access to both regime and opposition leaders - talk more about the regime's need for more humanitarian assistance to alleviate the HIV/Aids epidemic, ignoring the opposition's eagerness to begin dialogue. Suu Kyi has clearly stated she is ready to enter the dialogue without any conditions. But the junta leaders continue to dodge the talks and ignore her appeals. Indeed, the regime has continued to enjoy this win-win situation. As long the status quo persists, nobody will pay much attention anyway.
 
Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra said last week that he wished he could seize Muang Yuon, the town inside Burma across the Thai border controlled by the Wa army. Muang Yuon has been used as a base for manufacturing and transporting amphetamine pills, or ya ba.
 
Obviously, like Pinheiro, Thaksin has been hamstrung by slow progress on the anti-drug effort pledged by the Burmese leaders.
 
Despite much hullabaloo over the past two years, Thaksin has not succeeded in his Burmese policy. His willingness to comply with the regime's requests has become routine, while issues affecting Thai-Burmese security have remained unchanged, not to mention unresolved. The removal of Thai generals responsible for firm and tough Burmese policies and the amputation of Task Force 399 have weakened the Thai defence capacity along the border as never before.
 
One disturbing trend, according to a Thai military intelligence source, is the dramatic improvement of Burmese military capability over the past two years. Despite financial woes, money from the cross-border trade and the Yadana gas pipeline has increased the Burmese regime's purchasing power for new weapons and new technology. Security concerns remain as always at the top of Burma's list of priorities, while the Thaksin government naively believes the economic incentives it offers will subsequently alter the regime's perceptions.
 
As long as Thailand continues its current Burmese policy, the reconciliation process in Burma will suffer. The Thaksin government has single-handedly transformed this endeavour, once fully backed by the international community, into a bilateral burden. No wonder the junta leaders keep demanding that Thaksin do more, especially security measures at the Thai-Burmese border through the removal of ethnic groups. Recently Thaksin has even made an overture to be a mediator between the regime and the ethnic groups.
 
Burma's increased intransigence is the result of the junta leaders' illusion that they can get away scot-free with thwarting the free will of the Burmese people. As a willing accomplice, the Thaksin government is being used to bear the responsibility for the lack of progress in the dialogue process. A case in point is that the regime repeatedly uses border insecurity and ethnic problems as a pretext to delay political dialogue with the opposition.
 
Unless Thailand changes its present course, the country will be further sucked into the regime's sleight-of-hand games.
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The Nation
Letter to Editor
Who will provide defence in the absence of America?

Published on Mar 31, 2003 
 
I am very alarmed by suggestions that the US, in response to Thailand's neutrality on Iraq, Afghanistan and the war on terror, will withdraw its commitment to defend Thailand in case of attack.
 
It is not hard to imagine that Burma will one day start developing weapons of mass destruction, stir up anti-Thai feelings among the Burmese people, and threaten Thailand. In such an event, will our neighbours Laos, Cambodia and Malaysia come to our defence? Will Islamic insurgents in the south, aided by Jemaah Islamiyah members from Malaysia and Indonesia, try to take advantage of the situation?
 
If Thailand asked the UN for help, would France veto UN action in order to protect French oil and gas interests in Burma? If we asked China to help, what would the Chinese want in return?
 
The Thaksin administration should explain to the Thai people its plan for ensuring Thailand's defence in the event the US, quite understandably, withdraws its commitment to Thailand's defence.
 
Rattana Butrnoi
 
CHIANG MAI

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Frontline

Volume 20 - Issue 07, March 29 - April 11, 2003

A case revived

NAUNIDHI KAUR

 

The trial of Soe Myint, who with Kyaw Oo hijacked an airplane 12 years ago in an act of defiance against the military government in Myanmar, is set to begin soon. Does his re-arrest indicate a shift in New Delhi's policy towards the regime in Yangon? 

 

ON November 11, 1990, when Soe Myint and Htin Kyaw Oo were arrested at the Kolkata airport, it was obvious that they were not perturbed by the consequences of their action - the hijacking of the Thai International Airways TG-305 airplane, which was flying from Bangkok to Yangon, carrying 220 passengers. The next day, smiling and waving at the crowd outside the court of the Subdivisional Judicial Magistrate at Barrackpore, Myint said: "I am greatly inspired. I never expected to get such a spontaneous response. I am sure our dreams will come true." Htin Kyaw Oo ruefully added: "Even my girlfriend does not know I am in India. I long to go back home but I am afraid of being executed by the military." Their exuberance showed the nationalistic zeal which led them to undertake their mission.

 

Now, sitting in his New Delhi office, 35-year-old Myint recalls somberly how over the past 13 years he has been carrying on his campaign against the military junta, which rules Myanmar (Burma). Myint has set up an Internet news service named Mizzima (Pali word meaning `middle path'). The news agency, which currently has 1,500 e-mail subscribers, has been a source of information on the military government's atrocities. It releases news in the Burmese and English languages. However, with the Indian government reviving the hijacking case against Myint, the future of the news agency seems bleak. The trial of Myint will start in April. Said his lawyer Nandita Haksar: "If found guilty, he will be given the sentence of life imprisonment. Now it is up to the West Bengal government to withdraw the case and strengthen the pro-democracy forces in Burma."

 

Recalling the hijacking, Myint says: "We had no option before us. We were desperate to draw the world's attention to the plight of our people. We decided to do something dramatic to attract the attention of the world media." Myint hijacked the airplane using a laughing Buddha statue wrapped in tissue paper, which he claimed was a bomb. The hijackers earned the goodwill of the people, many of whom supported their cause. Says Myint: "We asked for permission for a press conference from the Indian government. They were very sympathetic and gave us permission to hold two press conferences." The demands put forward by them included the release of all political prisoners, including Aung San Suu Kyi; the withdrawal of martial law and the abolition of all military tribunals; the reopening of the universities, which were closed down after the 1988 military coup; and the handing over of power to the National League for Democracy, which scored a landslide victory in the 1990 general elections.

 

Myint recalls how Jyoti Basu, the then Chief Minister of West Bengal, had assured them of asylum status from the office of the United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR). The Thai Airways did not file a complaint or make any further enquiries about the case. On the Indian side, more than 30 Members of Parliament appealed to Prime Minister Chandra Shekhar to grant Myint political asylum.

 

Myint and Kyaw Oo were released in February 1991, after spending three months in jail. They were recognised as refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR. The charge-sheet stated that the two hijackers were not armed. It was clear that the Indian government was sympathetic to the pro-democracy forces of Myanmar and that it was willing to take a lenient view.

 

The case has been pending in the Second Additional District and Sessions Court, Barasat, 24 Parganas, for the past 12 years. In 1995, the Public Prosecutor had recommended to the West Bengal government that the case be withdrawn. The State government requested the Ministry of Civil Aviation to withdraw the case. Recently, the Public Prosecutor recommended the withdrawal of the case on the grounds that there was little chance of getting sufficient evidence to prosecute Myint, since the Thai Airways crew was unlikely to appear in the court.

 

Ignoring these recommendations, in April 2002, the West Bengal police arrested Myint at midnight from his residence in Delhi. Myint's supporters said that the arrest was an example of the present government's lenient approach towards the military government. They point out that Myint was arrested in the same week when External Affairs Minister Jaswant Singh returned from his visit to Myanmar, on April 3 and 4.

 

When he hijacked the airplane, Myint was a 22-year-old final year degree student in Rangoon University, where he was studying International Relations and International Administration. Kyaw Oo was a final year degree student of Physics in 1988, when the pro-democracy movement in Myanmar was being crushed by a brutal army repression. Myint decided to go to the Thai-Myanmar border and join the students who were engaged in organising resistance to the military rule. He was among a group of 50 persons who crossed the border on a boat. Recalls Myint: "It took us two nights and the boatman did not take money from us."

 

In 1989, the military put pro-democracy leader Suu Kyi under house arrest for five years. Her National League for Democracy had campaigned vigorously and won 81 per cent of the parliamentary seats. However, the military backed the National Unity Party, which won a mere 2 per cent of the votes. The military refused to hand over power to the elected representatives. For Myint and the other students on the Thai-Myanmar border, hopes of returning home faded. It was in this mood of growing frustration that the student groups decided to hijack planes to refocus international attention on Myanmar.

 

The first such attempt, when some students hijacked a Burmese Airways plane flying from Myanmar to Thailand, proved successful. They demanded the revocation of martial law, the release of political prisoners and the restoration of democracy. The Thai government released Ye Yint and Ye Thiha, the students who carried out the hijack, after they were pardoned by the Thai King.

 

Myint and his friends were overwhelmed by India's sympathetic response to their pro-democracy campaign. Meanwhile, Myint got offers for further studies from foreign universities. Kyaw Oo took up one such offer and is now in Europe. Although the case against him has been revived, Myint does not regret staying back in India. He said: "India is very important for us. Its proximity to Myanmar makes it an important place to carry our campaign forward. Until now successive Indian governments have remained sympathetic to our cause. I hope that the West Bengal government will take back the case and help us."

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Independent-Bangladesh, 31-03-2003.
Teknaf Land Port to be operational soon
BSS, Chittagong
 
March 30: The government is taking necessary measures for building a full fledged land port at Teknaf on the bank of Naf river to boost two-way trade with Myanmar.
 
The proposed port will be built in Teknaf upazilla under Cox's Bazar district. Teknaf is the township bordering Bangladesh-Myanmar in the south-eastern corner of the country.
 
Teknaf is one of the 12 land ports the government has decided to upgrade to meet the need of the hour. The government has already set up a new body styled as 'Bangladesh land Port Authority' (BLPA) which will supervise the functioning of the land ports (LPs) including the one in Teknaf.
 
Sharif Atiqur Rahman, chairman of BLPA told BSS over telephone that BLPA had already completed the tender floating process and gave the work order last week for building the infrastructure of Teknaf LP on BOT basis (Build Operate and Transfer). The concerned company is to hand over the port to BLPA after two years of operation. The facilities in the land port include a jetty, two sheds, one warehouse and procuring handling equipment, he added.
 
BLPA chairman hoped that the construction work of Teknaf Land Port will start within a month and likely to be completed by the end of October this year. Export- import trade through this port is expected to be in full swing at the end of the current year. Besides improving physical facilities to cope with potential flow of two-way trade, National Board of Revenue (NBR) has decided to upgrade its customs station at Teknaf Bringing it under the direct supervision by an assistant commissioner. At present Teknaf station is under Cox's Bazar divisional office.
 
ATM Sarwar Hossain, commissioner of Customs (VAT) Chittagong told BSS that the station had been upgraded by office order, but matters relating to providing necessary facilities to it like vehicle, telephone and mobile phone and support staff to make Teknaf in a full fledged LP remained pending.
 
He said the Customs VAT authority had earned about Taka 18 crore 69 lakh in the first eight months of the current financial year against a target of Taka 11 crore 73 lakh. The earning on same account for the entire period of fiscal 2001-2002 was Taka 11 crore 79 lakh.
 
During the period under study nearly 26 items were imported from Myanmar. The items are betel-nut , gas lighter , cumin-seed, cloves, cinnamon, black pepper, battery, sweet cumin-seed, dry fish, frozen fish, ginger, cigarette paper, cane, bamboo and rice, he added.
 
Commerce Minister Amir Khasru Mahmud Chowdhury has said recently that Bangladeshi businessmen would be benefited if they take advantage of look east policy of the government. He said in a bid to reduce trade imbalance Bangladesh and Myanmar have decided to go for "Accounts Trade".
 
Meanwhile , shipping Minister Akbar Hossain has directed the Mercantile Marine Department to issue fitness certificate to vessels after proper inspection as prospects of coastal trade with Myanmar likely to start soon following the Coastal Trade agreement signed during the recent visit of Prime minister Begum Khaleda Zia to Yangon.

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Malaysian National News Agency
March 31 , 2003 16:10PM    
30 Indonesians Held For Fighting At Night Market
 
MELAKA, March 31 (Bernama) -- Thirty Indonesian factory workers involved in a gang fight at the night market in Pantai Tanjung Puteri was detained by the police here, Sunday night.
 
Textile factory workers from Pantai Puteri, living in a hostel, clashed with another factory employees from Bukit Rambai.
 
Melaka CPO SAC 1 Datuk Christopher Wan Soo Kee said three locals who tried to break up the fight were injured including one who was admitted at the Melaka Hospital.
 
"The fight between the two gangs that started in Jalan Tun Ali bus stop at 8pm was believed to have sparked off because workers from both group were unhappy with each other," he told reporters here, Monday.
 
What started as a feud exploded into a fight about an hour later when the textile workers suddenly attacked workers from Bukit Rambai at the night market located in front of their hostel.
 
"The fight between both gangs started with stone throwing but later became serious when the group from the hostel began to use a parang and sharp iron," Wan said.
 
Several villagers and the night market traders who tried to stop the fight were also beaten. Two were given outpatient treatment while a person was treated for head injuries.
 
Following a public complaint, Wan said police rushed to the area and detained the 30 workers from the hostel but the rival group members escaped.
 
"They are held at the Melaka Tengah police lock-up and police recovered a parang and a 1.3m-long iron bar," he said Initial investigations showed the group were involved in a fight about four months ago.
 
Wan said the textile factory employed about 1,000 foreign workers -- mainly from Myanmar, Bangladesh, Vietnam and 200 Indonesians.
 
-- BERNAMA

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The Jakarta Post - March 31, 2003
Borobudur festival lures foreigners
 
SEMARANG: Despite the Iraq war, six foreign countries have confirmed that they will take part in the International Borobudur Festival in June.
 
Central Java Governor Mardiyanto said over the weekend that Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Japan, South Korea and Italy would send delegates to the festival, which will be held at the Borobudur Temple between June 11 and June 17.
 
The festival is aimed at boosting the country's tourist industry, which has suffered since the Sept. 12, 2002, bombings in Bali.
 
Mardiyanto said more delegates were expected to participate in the festival, with the organizing committee approaching foreign countries with cultural links to the world's largest Buddhist temple.
 
The governor said he had also notified the Czech Republic, Austria and China of the upcoming event. -- JP

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