Abstract Disease Control and Prevention are an important component of Health Security. Of the many aspects of disease control, those pertaining to the control service activities during the post-elimination or eradication era are extremely important to prevent the re-emergence of the disease. Myanmar has conquered five diseases and the country is endeavouring to sustain control activities so that the conquered diseases always remain under control and thus reduce the disease burden. After the successful eradication of smallpox, no specific anti-smallpox activity was being undertaken. The Myanmar Health System, which is an integrated system is being further strengthened and the authorities are alert to the international situation regarding bio-terrorist attacks and are in contact with the International Epidemiology Network and drug and vaccine stockpile.