Anti-Personnel Landmines - Specialist organisations and commentary

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Description: "In June 1998, the International Campaign to Ban Landmines established "Landmine Monitor," a unique and unprecedented civil society based reporting network to systematically monitor and document nations? compliance with the 1997 Mine Ban Treaty and the humanitarian response to the global landmine crisis. Landmine Monitor complements the existing state-based reporting (external link) and compliance mechanisms established by the Mine Ban Treaty..." Landmine Monitor Core Group: Human Rights Watch ? Handicap International (Belgium) Kenya Coalition Against Landmines ? Mines Action Canada Norwegian People?s Aid
Source/publisher: International Campaign to Ban Landmines
Date of entry/update: 2003-06-03
Grouping: Websites/Multiple Documents
Language: English
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Description: "Before the Monitor’s inception, there was no systematic monitoring and assessment of the international community’s response to the problem caused by landmines, cluster munitions, and other explosive remnants of war (ERW). Preparation of Monitor research products entails extensive collection, analysis, and distribution of publicly available information. Although in some cases it does entail investigative missions, the Monitor is not designed to send researchers into harm's way and does not include hot war-zone reporting. The Monitor’s key target audiences are governments, civil society, and international organizations, as well as media, academics, and the general public..."
Source/publisher: Landmine and Cluster Munition Monitor
2020-01-22
Date of entry/update: 2020-01-22
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Description: Geneva Call has been engaging NSAs in Burma/Myanmar in an AP mine ban since 2006. Dialogue with the political and military leaders of the NSAs is complemented by activities aimed at encouraging and supporting civil society organizations to undertake mine action activities, supporting efforts to create a change in the Myanmar government?s AP mine policy, and supporting the monitoring of the AP mine ban commitments made by NSAs. To date 6 NSAs have signed the Deed of Commitment banning AP mines:
Source/publisher: Geneva Call
Date of entry/update: 2010-02-11
Grouping: Websites/Multiple Documents
Language: English
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Description: "Geneva Call is an international humanitarian organization dedicated to engaging armed non-State actors (NSAs) to respect and to adhere to humanitarian norms, starting with the ban on anti-personnel (AP) mines. Geneva Call is committed to the universal application of the principles of international humanitarian law and conducts its activities based on the principles of neutrality, impartiality and independence. Geneva Call provides an innovative mechanism for NSAs, who do not participate in drafting treaties and thus may not feel bound by their obligations to express adherence to the norms embodied in the 1997 anti-personnel mine ban treaty (MBT) through their signature to the "Deed of Commitment for Adherence to a Total Ban on Anti-Personnel Mines and for Cooperation in Mine Action" [PDF File]. The Government of the Republic and Canton of Geneva serves as the guardian of these Deeds. Under the Deed of Commitment, signatory groups commit themselves: • To a total prohibition on the use, production, acquisition, transfer and stockpiling of AP mines and other victim-activated explosive devices, under any circumstances. • To undertake, to cooperate in, or to facilitate, programs to destroy stockpiles, clear mines, provide assistance to victims and promote awareness. • To allow and to cooperate in the monitoring and verification of their commitments by Geneva Call. • To issue the necessary orders to commanders and to the rank and file for the implementation and enforcement of their commitments. • To treat their commitment as one step or part of a broader commitment in principle to the ideal of humanitarian norms. Thirty-five armed groups in Burma, Burundi, India, Iran, Iraq, the Philippines, Somalia, Sudan, Turkey and Western Sahara have agreed to ban AP mines through this mechanism. The ultimate indicator of progress however, is not the number of Deeds signed but an effective ban and the practice of humanitarian mine action. Geneva Call is pledged to promote the implementation of humanitarian mine action programmes in mine-affected areas under NSA control, to assist signatory groups to fulfil their obligations under the Deed of Commitment and to monitor compliance."...See also the Resources section.
Source/publisher: Geneva Call
Date of entry/update: 2008-11-27
Grouping: Websites/Multiple Documents
Language: Arabic, English, Espanol (Spanish) Francais (French)
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Description: Mine action topics... What we do... Where we work... About us... Mine action resources....."In a world where human security is still hindered by explosive hazards, the Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining (GICHD) works to eliminate mines, cluster munitions and other explosive remnants of war. To achieve this, the GICHD supports national authorities, international organisations and civil society in their efforts to improve the relevance and performance of mine action. Core activities include furthering knowledge, promoting norms and standards, and developing in-country and international capacity. This support covers all aspects of mine action: strategic, managerial, operational and institutional. The GICHD also works for mine action that is not delivered in isolation, but as part of a broader human security framework; this effort is facilitated by the GICHD?s new location within the Maison de la Paix in Geneva..."
Source/publisher: Geneva International Centre for Humanitatian Demining
Date of entry/update: 2014-10-09
Grouping: Websites/Multiple Documents
Language: English
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Description: "The ICBL calls for: An international ban on the use, production, stockpiling, and sale, transfer, or export of antipersonnel landmines The signing, ratification, implementation, and monitoring of the mine ban treaty Increased resources for humanitarian demining and mine awareness programs Increased resources for landmine victim rehabilitation and assistance."
Date of entry/update: 2003-06-03
Grouping: Websites/Multiple Documents
Language: English | Deutsch | Español | Français | Italiano | Portugês
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Description: Landmine Monitor annual reports since 1999, includes Cluster...Munition Monitor annual reports since 2010...Most but not all reports also in Burmese Links below for each of the previous reports... Landmine Monitor provides research for the International Campaign to Ban Landmines (1997 Nobel Peace co-Laureate)
Source/publisher: Landmine & Cluster Munition Monitor
Date of entry/update: 2015-12-10
Grouping: Websites/Multiple Documents
Language: English, Burmese (မြန်မာဘာသာ)
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Source/publisher: Nonviolence International
Date of entry/update: 2003-06-03
Grouping: Websites/Multiple Documents
Language: English
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Source/publisher: Myanmar Information Management Unit (Myanmar) via "Reliefweb" (New York)
2023-09-08
Date of entry/update: 2023-09-13
Grouping: Individual Documents
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Description: "This Short Update describes events occurring in T’Nay Hsah Township, Hpa-an District during the period between January to June, 2023. In January 2023, villagers’ cows stepped on landmines three times in Htee Wah Blaw village tract, T’Nay Hsah Township. These landmines are suspected to have been planted by the State Administration Council (SAC). After the incident, the SAC instructed villagers from B--- village and P-- village not to release their cows. If the cows were to step on landmines again, the cows’ owners would have to pay a penalty. In another incident that took place on June 13th 2023, at around 2:00 pm, a 41-year-old man from N---village, Yaw Ku village tract, T’Nay Hsah Township, stepped on a landmine as he was going to a deserted Democratic Karen Buddhist Army (DKBA) army camp in the forest to collect some wild plants. He sustained an injury to his right foot and was sent to T--- hospital, Pee T’Hka village tract, Ta Kreh Township, Hpa-an District, for medical treatment.[1] On February 8th 2023, Saw[2] M---, a 53-year-old village head from B--- village, Htee Wah Blaw village tract[3], T’Nay Hsah Township, Hpa-an District explained how villagers’ cows had stepped on landmines three times in his area, killing some and injuring others. The first time, in January 2023 [unknown date], one of the cows owned by a villager named A--- stepped on a landmine at A’Leh Bo Deh camp [an State Administration Council (SAC)[4] camp] and broke a leg. The second time, in January 2023 [unknown date], one of the cows of a villager named K--- was killed by a landmine near Light Infantry Battalion (LIB)[5] #356 located in Thin Gan Nyi Nuang military camp, Myawaddy Township. The third time, on January 24th 2023, three cows owned by a villager named D--- were injured and two of his cows were killed by a tripwire mine explosion. This tripwire mine was set up by SAC LIB #357 beside Saw E---'s farm. During this time [March to June] it is common for villagers to release their cows [into fields]. The SAC had planted landmines near the villagers’ farms but did not inform the villagers about the landmines, and so the villagers released their cows unaware of the mine contamination. After the landmine explosions, the SAC soldiers asked to whom the cows belonged but no one answered because they knew the owner would be made to pay for the landmines [that exploded]. After these incidents, the SAC informed villagers from B--- village and P--- village that the cows’ owners would have to pay for landmines if their cows stepped on landmines again. The SAC soldiers also restricted some areas [in Htee Wah Blaw village tract] so that villagers could not let their cows pasture there. On June 13th 2023, at around 2:00 pm, Saw U---, a 41-year-old man from N--- village, Yaw Ku village tract, T’Nay Hsah Township, Hpa-an District, stepped on a landmine as he was going to the forest to collect some wild plants from a place near to a deserted Democratic Karen Buddhist Army (DKBA)[6] army camp. His right foot was badly injured in the explosion. With his wounded foot, he travelled back alone from the jungle to a local villager's tent. He was initially taken to the O--- hospital, but they could not provide adequate medical care there. Therefore, he was transferred to T--- hospital, Pee T’Hka village tract, Ta Kreh Township, Hpa-an District, for medical treatment. He has now been discharged from the hospital however he is currently bedridden due to his injury. His inability to work threatens his family's livelihood. The victim was aware of the possibility of landmine contamination in the forest, but in order to support his family and earn some money he went to the forest to collect some wild plants for sale..."
Source/publisher: Karen Human Rights Group
2023-08-29
Date of entry/update: 2023-08-29
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Description: "DHAKA—A Rohingya teenager was killed and another man injured when a land mine exploded on the Myanmar-Bangladesh border adjacent to Bandarban district, Bangladesh on Sunday morning, officials said Monday. The victim, Omor Farok, 17, was a resident of Konarpara Rohingya camp in no man’s land, said community leaders. They named his injured companion as Abdu Yah. Gumdhum Rohingya camp leader Abdur Rohim said the youths had gone fishing on the border when they were caught in the blast. The body of Farok was recovered and buried in Konarpara cemetery. The injured man was rushed to nearby MSF Hospital in Ukhia, Cox’s Bazar. Bangladesh Border Guards said the incident occurred about 1 km inside Myanmar’s border, opposite Bangladesh border marker 35, at about 9 a.m. BGB Cox’s Bazar battalion commanding officer Lieutenant Colonel Md Mehedi Hussain Kabir reiterated that the explosion occurred inside Myanmar’s border. The BGB said land mines are not used inside Bangladesh territory as the country is a signatory to the United Nations Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines. Bangladesh signed the UN convention on May 7, 1998 and ratified it on Sept. 6, 2000. BGB officials said three mines have exploded on the border this year, killing one person and injuring two. Another ethnic minority youth, Aung Thein Tanchangya, was injured in a land mine blast on the same border on Sept. 16. He was sent to Chattogram Medical College Hospital but lost his left leg. Over 4,000 Rohingya have been living in the Bangladesh-Myanmar border strip since 2017 when hundreds of thousands took refuge in Bangladesh following a military crackdown in neighboring Rakhine State..."
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Source/publisher: "The Irrawaddy" (Thailand)
2022-10-03
Date of entry/update: 2022-10-03
Grouping: Individual Documents
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Description: "Geneva -- "The global norm created against the production and use of anti-personnel mines is at danger. The international community needs to raise in unison to condemn any such activity, by any actor anywhere", said the President of the treaty that bans the use, production, stockpiling and transfer of anti-personnel mines. H.E. Alvaro Enrique AYALA, Ambassador of Colombia to the UN in Geneva, and President of the Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention (also known informally as Ottawa Convention or Mine Ban Treaty), made the comments following a report published by Amnesty International on 20 July, indicating that the Government of Myanmar has actively engaged in an activity condemned by over 80% of the world's countries. "As a Colombian, I know too well the terrible implications of the use of anti-personnel mines. They have a devastating long-term impact on communities, impede the safe return of displaced persons, and generate injuries and suffering that last a lifetime. For this reason, even as armed non-state actors littered our countryside with these weapons, Colombia never responded by employing anti-personnel mines. I urge Myanmar to follow that path and refrain from using them. There is no such thing as 'proper or discriminate use' of a weapon that is so insidious, that can not discern between a military target or a child walking home from school", added the Ambassador citing communication with Myanmar as one of his priorities. While Myanmar remains outside the treaty, it had progressively made significant gains in mine action and shown greater affinity for the means and ends of the Convention. Just this past June, Myanmar had participated as Observer of a meeting of the Convention in Geneva. In 2018, Myanmar also welcomed the Special Envoy of the Convention to meet with military leaders. The norm created by the Convention has been so strong that only a couple of countries have made use of this weapon in more than two decades; unfortunately, this year alone the Convention has received reports of two countries using anti-personnel mines (Russia (see press release), and now Myanmar), neither one party to the treaty. In contrast, in June during a meeting of the Convention in Geneva, the United States announced that it had re-instated moratoria against this weapon. Editorial note: The Convention was adopted in Oslo and signed in Ottawa 25 years ago, and entered into force in 1999. It is the prime humanitarian and disarmament treaty aimed at ending the suffering caused by anti-personnel mines by prohibiting their use, stockpiling, production, and transfer, ensuring their destruction, and assisting the victims. Collectively, the States Parties have destroyed over 54 million stockpiled anti-personnel mines. The implementation of the Convention has contributed to peace and development by clearing vast tracts of land in more than 50 countries, which now safe again are used for normal activity..."
Source/publisher: Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention
2022-07-25
Date of entry/update: 2022-07-25
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Description: "Inherently indiscriminate landmines kill and injure civilians Military laid landmines in homes, on farming lands and on church grounds Myanmar increasingly isolated globally in its use of antipersonnel landmines The Myanmar military is committing war crimes by laying antipersonnel landmines on a massive scale in and around villages in Kayah (Karenni) State, Amnesty International said today after an on-the-ground investigation in conflict-affected parts of the state. Antipersonnel landmines are inherently indiscriminate and their use is internationally banned. The landmines laid by the Myanmar military have killed and seriously injured civilians and will have significant long-term consequences, including on displaced people’s ability to return home and to farm their lands. “The Myanmar military’s use of landmines is abhorrent and cruel. At a time when the world has overwhelmingly banned these inherently indiscriminate weapons, the military has placed them in people’s yards, homes, and even stairwells, as well as around a church,” said Matt Wells, Amnesty International’s Crisis Response Deputy Director – Thematic Issues. The Myanmar military’s use of landmines is abhorrent and cruel. Matt Wells, Amnesty International’s Crisis Response Deputy Director – Thematic Issues “The world must urgently respond to the military’s atrocities against civilians across Myanmar. Countries around the world must cut off the flow of weapons to Myanmar and support all efforts to ensure those responsible for war crimes face justice.” From 25 June to 8 July, Amnesty International researchers interviewed 43 people in Kayah State’s Demoso, Hpruso, and Loikaw Townships. These areas have been at the centre of fighting between the military and Karenni armed groups since May 2021, when conflict in Kayah State re-ignited following the military coup. The organization interviewed landmine survivors and other witnesses, as well as health professionals who treated landmine injuries and people who had discovered and deactivated landmines in villages. It also visited several recently demined villages. The Myanmar military is laying several types of landmines that it manufactures itself. These include the M-14, which typically blows off the victim’s foot at the ankle, and the more powerful MM-2, which often blows off the victim’s leg at the knee and causes injuries to other parts of the person’s body, with severe risk of death due to blood loss. Antipersonnel landmines, including the M-14 and MM-2, are inherently indiscriminate and their use is banned under customary international humanitarian law, as well as the 1997 Mine Ban Treaty, which 164 states have joined. According to Landmine Monitor, Myanmar’s military is the only state armed forces confirmed to have used antipersonnel landmines in 2020-21. Civilians killed and injured Lu Reh, 62, and his family were displaced from Daw Thea village in Demoso Township in late February 2022 after a Myanmar military air strike killed two people in a neighbouring village. On 10 June, he and others returned to collect things from their property. As he walked along a dirt path to collect jah fruit, Lu Reh stepped on a landmine that ripped off his right leg just below the knee, leaving the bone exposed at the calf. According to a witness and another person with direct knowledge of the incident, it also wounded his left leg and right hand and caused significant blood loss. Lu Reh died on the way to the hospital. The Myanmar military has controlled that area since February 2022 and soldiers from the 66th Light Infantry Division (LID) have based themselves out of several nearby villages. The Karenni Human Rights Group (KnHRG) has documented at least 20 civilians killed or seriously injured by landmines in Kayah State since June 2021. According to activists, local aid workers, and people without formal training who have tried to demine villages, the military’s use of landmines there has soared in recent months, especially as they retreat from certain areas. In early April 2022, Rosie, 52, and her daughter Ma Thein Yar Lin, 17, were trying to return to their home in Loikaw town after being displaced by fighting in January. Rosie parked their motorbike near a rocky path, and Ma Thein Yar Lin walked a short distance away to go to the bathroom. I heard the explosion, then I looked and saw a lot of smoke. I heard my daughter yelling, ‘Mama, Mama,’ and I went to look and saw her lying on the ground…my daughter had no leg anymore. Rosie, whose daughter was injured in a landmine incident “I heard the explosion, then I looked and saw a lot of smoke,” Rosie recalled. “I heard my daughter yelling, ‘Mama, Mama,’ and I went to look and saw her lying on the ground.” “I noticed that my daughter had no leg anymore… I went searching for [her leg], but the man who [was passing by and stopped] to help us said, ‘Stop! There will be another landmine. The most important thing is to stop the bleeding.’” Ma Thein Yar Lin lost her right leg from the mid-calf down and had landmine fragments throughout her left leg. She now uses a wheelchair donated by a friend. She and her mother cannot return to their home partly because the house and bathroom are not accessible. She told Amnesty International that she wants to continue her studies; she had reached Grade 11 before the Covid-19 pandemic and the coup stopped her schooling. She said she also wants to ensure her leg recovers so that she can be fitted with a quality prosthetic. Attack on a church On 27 June 2022, Amnesty International researchers visited St Matthew’s church in Daw Ngay Khu village in Hpruso Township. The military had planted at least eight landmines on church grounds in mid-June, when there was fighting in the area. Amnesty International photographed areas where landmines had been removed, including along the main entrance path and behind the church. People involved in demining the church believed there were more landmines there that had yet to be discovered. On the afternoon of 15 June, soldiers also burned down the church and the priest’s house next door. When Amnesty International researchers visited 12 days later, the grain stored in the priest’s house was still smouldering. A 41-year-old woman from Daw Ngay Khu told Amnesty International: “That church was the centre of our village. We worried about our things [when the military started coming], so we brought them to the church to keep [them] there. We thought the Myanmar military would not attack the church, that it was a hallowed place.” Researchers saw a discarded uniform of the 66th LID on the church grounds, along with bullet casings and a used round from a 40mm grenade launcher. Amnesty International previously implicated the 66th LID in war crimes and likely crimes against humanity in Kayah State, in a report published in June 2022. In addition to the church, Myanmar soldiers laid landmines in and near homes in Daw Ngay Khu village, according to six people who lived there as well as people who had demined parts of the village. Other areas of Daw Ngay Khu likely remain contaminated. Widespread displacement and fear Amnesty International received credible information that the Myanmar military has laid landmines in at least 20 villages in Hpruso, Demoso, and Loikaw Townships in recent months. There are likely many more contaminated villages across Kayah and southern Shan States. The military appears to be systematically laying landmines near where it is based as well as in areas from which it retreats. The region along the main road between Moe Bye in southern Shan State and Hpruso town in Kayah State is particularly contaminated. The military systematically burned homes in the same area from February to April 2022, as Amnesty International reported previously. Soldiers have placed landmines in people’s yards, at the entrance of homes, and outside toilets. In at least one documented case, soldiers boobytrapped a house stairwell with a trip-wire improvised explosive device (IED). They have also placed landmines on paths to rice fields, and credible evidence indicates that at least one civilian was seriously injured recently from stepping on a landmine when going to their field. Displaced civilians across these areas of Kayah State told Amnesty International that fighters from ethnic armed groups had warned them about the military’s use of landmines in their villages and said they should not go back. The warnings have helped to limit civilian casualties so far, but many people are desperate to see their property and to work their fields during the planting season. Paulina, 20, a teacher from Daw Ngay Khu village, said her house was damaged by a military mortar during fighting and that soldiers then based themselves in the village. She said: “Last year we could move back and forth and get things from our village. But this year we dare not go back… We are worried about landmines, because they plant them anywhere.” Limited demining is overwhelmingly being undertaken by members of armed groups, who do it by hand with only rudimentary equipment and without any professional training. Contamination remains widespread. The threat to lives and livelihoods posed by landmine contamination remains an issue in other parts of Myanmar where the military has engaged in conflict with armed groups. In 2017, Amnesty International documented several incidents of landmines injuring Rohingya women, men and children along the border of Myanmar’s Rakhine State and Bangladesh. The military’s depraved use of landmines in homes and villages will continue to have devastating effects on civilians in Kayah State for years to come. Rawya Rageh, Senior Crisis Adviser at Amnesty International “The military’s depraved use of landmines in homes and villages will continue to have devastating effects on civilians in Kayah State for years to come. We know from bitter experience that civilian deaths and injuries will mount over time, and the widespread contamination is already blocking people from returning to their homes and farmland,” said Rawya Rageh, Senior Crisis Adviser at Amnesty International. “Myanmar’s military leadership should immediately end its use of landmines and join the majority of the world in supporting the Mine Ban Treaty, which includes provisions for demining and victim assistance. “There is an urgent need for a scaled-up humanitarian response that addresses rising food insecurity and ensures proper rehabilitative, psychosocial, and other needed care for landmine survivors, as well as adequate planning for and resourcing of post-conflict demining operations to clear contaminated areas.”..."
Source/publisher: Amnesty International (UK)
2022-07-20
Date of entry/update: 2022-07-20
Grouping: Individual Documents
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Description: "A landmine explosion. Clashes. Homes destroyed. This is an all too familiar story in Myanmar, where many have lost their homes during clashes. Some have been unable to return to their villages for years. "We faced many challenges before we came back to our village," says Aung Saw Tun from his home in Rakhine State in Myanmar. "Being displaced, I am worried about where we will run for safety, as the risk of fighting remains." Aung Saw Tun was among hundreds who were forced to flee their homes as clashes led to crackdowns and the destruction of civilian houses across central Myanmar in 2020. Now, he and his family have returned to their village. But starting life from scratch brings with it new challenges, how to earn a living being one among many. Being forcibly displaced can mean relying on the goodwill of relatives, other families or humanitarian assistance. But such assistance rarely provides long-term solutions. For those who want to return home, to rebuild or restart their lives, the decision is often tied to whether they will be able to support themselves financially. "At the moment, we receive a subsidy and we run our own business," says Aung Saw Tun. "If possible, I would like to open a small shop at home while raising chickens." Aung Saw Tun and his family are part of an International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) project that helps displaced communities returning home to support themselves by creating livelihood opportunities. The project engages with communities to identify the ways in which they can support themselves and then provides them with financial assistance through cash grants to get them started. With the money he received through the project, Aung Saw Tun started a business making and selling traditional bamboo hats, and is now looking to expand into selling chickens. About 90 families, or more than 400 people, across Pha Yar Paung and Taung Pauk villages of Rakhine's Kyauktaw Township were supported through the project in late 2021 and early 2022. "I ran a pig farm in the past," says Hla Saw Khaing, who was also part of the cash grant project. "Because of the conflict, I could not afford to raise pigs myself, but now it is possible." As the primary carer for her mother, Hla Saw Khaing needs to work from home and has started raising pigs again from her yard. Hla Saw Khaing was forced to live in a displacement camp with her mother after her house was set on fire amidst clashes. "When I came back home from the camp, I was very sad because there was nothing left in my house," she says. "There was no food to eat. It was not good for our health. This was no place to live. I didn't even have 50 kyats left. It was very sad to lose everything." Not everyone who is forcibly displaced ends up staying in a temporary camp for shelter. Some stay with friends, or in monasteries or churches. Others, like Aye Yoin Thar, find shelter with relatives. When Aye Yoin Thar first returned to her village a year ago, emergency assistance from aid organisations helped to some extent, but it was no substitute for a safe and sustainable source of income. "We were unable to make ends meet," she says. "So, I brought vegetables from my garden and sold them for four or five months, but I haven't been able to do that since I have been sick." With the help of the ICRC, Aye Yoin Thar has been able to open a small grocery store, and already has plans to expand the family business. "Before the fire, our family made dough and ran a tea shop," she says. "We are thinking of doing the same again." In Rakhine, following the waves of displacement caused by clashes in 2012, 2017 and 2019, some families who were displaced are slowly starting to return home. Often facing ongoing safety concerns as well as the challenges of rebuilding a life and thinking of the future, the decision is a difficult one. Above all else, returning home should be a decision solely for those who are displaced. Opportunities for a safe and sustainable future, with health and dignity, need to be minimum conditions. No matter whether families stay or return after a conflict, planning for the future is vital..."
Source/publisher: International Committee of the Red Cross (Geneva) via "Reliefweb" (New York)
2022-05-09
Date of entry/update: 2022-05-09
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Sub-title: The government began national-level discussions on the much-delayed landmine-clearing programme, a senior disaster management official said.
Description: "U Tun Zaw, deputy director general of the Department of Disaster Management, said the Ministry of Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement, the Ministry of Home Affairs and the Tatmadaw (military) are attending the talks. Thousands of people have been killed and maimed by landmines that litter the conflict-torn countryside. Both the military and ethnic armed groups remain reluctant to give up the use of landmines despite appeals by international organizations. “We can’t do rescue work only. If landmines remain, victims will remain,” U Tun Zaw said. “It is better if there are no more landmines. We plan to form a national body for landmine clearing.” U Tun Zaw said the meeting was held last week in Nay Pyi Taw and the discussions are still at the preliminary stage. He said the discussions focused on the establishment of a National Mine Action Authority, and a mine action centre will be established under the Ministry of Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement. There was also talk about the Ministry of Defence establishing state and regional level mine-clearing groups. The Ministry of Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement vowed to provide K200,000 (US$137) and prosthetic limbs for each victim of landmine explosions. U Tun Zaw said the government knows it would be difficult for internally displaced people to return to their homes as they face dangers from landmines..."
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Source/publisher: "Myanmar Times" (Myanmar)
2020-02-03
Date of entry/update: 2020-02-04
Grouping: Individual Documents
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Description: "Landmine & Cluster Munition Monitor provides research for the International Campaign to Ban Landmines and the Cluster Munition Coalition. The International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL) formed in 1992 to rid the world of the scourge of the anti-personnel landmine. The ICBL is a network of over 1,300 non-governmental organizations in 70 countries, and received the Nobel Peace Award in 1997. The Cluster Munition Coalition is an international civil society campaign working to eradicate cluster munitions, prevent further casualties from these weapons and put an end for all time to the suffering they cause. Landmine Monitor documents the implementation of the 1997 Ottawa Convention, or the Mine Ban Treaty. Cluster Munition Monitor documents the implementation of the 2008 Convention on Cluster Munitions. Both Landmine Monitor and Cluster Munition Monitor assess the efforts of the international community to resolve the crisis caused by these weapons. As of 1 November 2019, 164 countries, over 80% of the world’s governments, have ratified, or acceded to, the Mine Ban Treaty. 120 countries have signed, ratified, or acceded to, the Convention on Cluster Munitions. Myanmar/Burma has not yet joined either convention. Landmine & Cluster Munition Monitor is not a technical treaty verification system or a formal inspection regime. It is an effort by ordinary people to hold governments accountable to non-use of antipersonnel landmines and cluster munitions. It is meant to compliment the reporting requirements of countries which have ratified the treaties. Our reports seek to make transparent the state of the landmine and cluster munition crisis, and government policies or practices, in non-signatory states. Landmine & Cluster Munition Monitor aims to promote and facilitate discussion within human society in order to reach the goal of a landmine and cluster munition free world. Landmine & Cluster Munition Monitor works in good faith to provide factual information about the issue it is monitoring in order to benefit the world as a whole. It is critical, but constructive in its documentation and analysis..."
Source/publisher: Landmine and Cluster Munition Monitor
2019-11-00
Date of entry/update: 2020-01-22
Grouping: Individual Documents
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Description: "ပိတ်ပင်တားမြစ်ခြင်း ဆိုင်ရာ နိုင်ငံတကာ စည်းရုံးလှုံ့ဆော်ရေးအဖွဲ့နှင့် ထပ်ဆင့်ပေါက်ကွဲစေသော စစ်လက်နက်ပစ္စည်းများ အသုံးပြုတားမြစ်ပိတ်ပင် ခြင်း ညွှန့်ပေါင်းအဖွဲ့အတွက် သုတေသနလုပ်ငန်းများ ဆောင်ရွက်ပေးသည်။ မြေမြုပ်မိုင်း အသုံးပြုမှု ပိတ်ပင်တားမြစ်ခြင်း နိုင်ငံတကာ စည်းရုံး လှုံ့ဆော်ရေးအဖွဲ့ (ICBL)အား ကမ္ဘာ့အဝှမ်းလူသတ်မိုင်းများ ရှင်းလင်းပပျောက်ရေးအတွက် ၁၉၉၂ခုနှစ်တွင် ဖွဲ့စည်းခဲ့သည်။ ICBL သည် နိုင်ငံ ပေါင်း(၇၀) နိုင်ငံတွင် ရှိသော အစိုးရမဟုတ်သောအဖွဲ့အစည်းပေါင်း ၁၃၀၀ ကျော် ပါဝင်သော ကွန်ယက်တခုဖြစ်သည်။ ၁၉၉၇ခုနှစ်တွင် ငြိမ်းချမ်း ရေး နိုဘယ်လ်ဆုရခဲ့သည်။ ထပ်ဆင့်ပေါက်ကွဲစေသော စစ်လက်နက်ပစ္စည်းများ အသုံးပြုမှုတားမြစ်ပိတ်ပင်ခြင်းညွှန့်ပေါင်းအဖွဲ့သည် ထပ်ဆင့် ပေါက်ကွဲလက်နက်များ ဖျက်သိမ်းပေးရန်၊ ယင်းလက်နက်ကြောင့် နောက်ဆက်တွဲထိခိုက်သေကြေဆုံးရှုံးမှုများ မဖြစ်ပေါ်စေရေး အတွက် ကာကွယ်ဟန့်တားရန်နှင့် ထိုလက်နက် များကြောင့် အတိ ဒုက္ခရောက်မှုများကို ထာဝရ အဆုံးသတ်စေရန် စသည်တို့အတွက် ရည်ရွယ်ကြိုးပမ်း ဆောင်ရွက်နေသော နိုင်ငံတကာ စည်းရုံးလှုံ့ဆော်ရေးအဖွဲ့ကြီး ဖြစ်သည်။ မြေမြုပ်မိုင်းအသုံးပြုမှုစောင့်ကြည့်လေ့လာရေးအဖွဲ့သည် ၁၉၉၇ခုနှစ် အိုတာဝါ သဘောတူစာချုပ်မိုင်း အသုံးပြုမှုပိတ်ပင်တားမြစ်ခြင်း သဘောတူစာချုပ်အား အကောင် အထည်ဖေါ်ခြင်းနှင့်ပတ်သက်၍ မှတ်တမ်းတင်သည်။ထို့အပြင် ထပ်ဆင့်ပေါက်ကွဲစေသော လက်နက်ပစ္စည်းများ စောင့်ကြည့်လေ့လာရေး အဖွဲ့ သည် ၂၀၀၈ခုနှစ်ထပ်ဆင့်ပေါက်ကွဲစေသော လက်နက်ပစ္စည်းများဆိုင်ရာ သဘောတူချုပ် အကောင် အထည်ဖေါ်မှုကို မှတ်တမ်းတင်သည်။ ၎င်းနှစ်ဖွဲ့စလုံးသည် ယင်းလက်နက်များကြောင့် ဖြစ်ပေါ်လာသည့် အကြပ်အတည်းများအပေါ် နိုင်ငံတကာအသိုင်းအဝန်းက တုန့်ပြန် ဆောင်ရွက်ချက်များနှင့် ပတ်သက်၍လည်း စောင့်ကြည့်လေ့လာသည်။ ၂၀၁၉ခုနှစ် နိုဝင်ဘာလ (၁)ရက်နေ့အထိ ကမ္ဘာ့အစိုးရစုစုပေါင်း၏ ၈၀ ရာခိုင်နှုန်းဖြစ်သော နိုင်ငံပေါင်း ၁၆၄ နိုင်ငံက မြေမြုပ်မိုင်း အသုံးပြုမှုတားမြစ်ပိတ်ပင်ခြင်း သဘောတူစာချုပ်အား သဘောတူလက်ခံခြင်း (သို့မဟုတ်) လက်ခံကျင့်သုံးခြင်းများပြုလုပ်ခဲ့သည်။ နိုင်ငံပေါင်း ၁၂၀ က ထပ်ဆင့် ပေါက်ကွဲစေသောလက်နက်ပစ္စည်းများ အသုံးပြုမှုတာမြစ်ပိတ်ပင်ခြင်းသဘောတူစာချုပ်အား လက်မှတ်ရေးထိုးခြင်း (သို့မဟုတ်) လက်ခံကျင့်သုံးခြင်းများများပြုလုပ်ခဲ့သည်။ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံသည် စာချုပ်နှစ်ခုစလုံးအား လက်မှတ်ရေး ထိုးခြင်း မပြုသေးပေ။ မြေမြုပ်မိုင်းနှင့် ထပ်ဆင့်ပေါက်ကွဲစေသောလက်နက်ပစ္စည်းများစောင့်ကြည့်လေ့လာရေးအဖွဲ့သည် စာချုပ်ပါ အချက်များ မှန်ကန်ခြင်း ရှိမရှိ စစ်ဆေးသောအဖွဲ့မဟုတ်သကဲ့သို့ တရားဝင်စုံစမ်း စစ်ဆေးရေး အဖွဲ့လည်းမဟုတ်ပေ။ သက်ဆိုင်ရာအစိုးရများသည် လူသတ်မိုင်း ဆန့်ကျင် တိုက်ဖျက်ရေးတာဝန်ရှိမှုအပေါ် လိုက်နာဆောင်ရွက်ခြင်းရှိမရှိလေ့လာသော သာမန်ပြည်သူများ၏ အားထုတ်ချက်တခုသာ ဖြစ်သည်။ စာချုပ်အားလက်မှတ်ရေးထိုးထားသော တိုင်းပြည်များအနေဖြင့် အစီရင်ခံ တင်ပြခြင်းစည်းကမ်းအား လိုက်နာလာစေရန် ရည်ရွယ်ခြင်း လည်း ဖြစ်သည်။ မိမိတို့ အစီရင်ခံစာသည် မြေမြုပ်မိုင်းနှင့် ထပ်ဆင့်ပေါက်ကွဲစေသော လက်နက်ပစ္စည်းများ ပြဿနာ၏ အခြေအနေကို ပိုမိုထင်သာမြင်သာဖြစ်လာစေရန်၊ လက်မှတ်ရေး ထိုးထားခြင်းမရှိသေးသော အစိုးရ၏မူဝါဒများ (သို့မဟုတ်)လုပ်ဟန်များကို ပိုမိုသိရှိ လာစေရန် အတွက်ရည်ရွယ် သည်။..."
Source/publisher: Landmine and Cluster Munition Monitor
2019-11-00
Date of entry/update: 2020-01-22
Grouping: Individual Documents
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Format : pdf
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Sub-title: The death of a German tourist in Shan State raises important questions over the government’s approach to landmines.
Description: "On Tuesday, 26 November, a German tourist was killed when the motorbike he was riding struck a landmine in Myanmar’s Shan State. The man was travelling between Pan Nyaung Village and Kun Hauk Village, near Hsipaw Township, with an Argentine woman, who was also injured in the blast. The woman had gotten off the motorcycle when the road became too bumpy and was walking behind the vehicle when it struck the mine. The rider reportedly died at the scene after sustaining severe injuries to his legs, chest and midriff. Hsipaw has seen intense fighting in recent months: The region has been the site of intense fighting as ethnic armed groups fight for increased autonomy. In January, clashes broke out along the Hsipaw-Nam Lan road when troops from the Restoration Council of Shan State (RCSS) and the Shan State Progress Party (SSPP) exchanged fire..."
Source/publisher: "ASEAN Today" (Singapore)
2019-12-03
Date of entry/update: 2019-12-03
Grouping: Individual Documents
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Sub-title: Myanmar is the only government whose security forces deployed landmines in the last year, according to a new report that flags “exceptionally high” global casualty numbers from mines and other explosives despite a widely adopted ban on the weapons.
Description: "The Landmine Monitor report, released last week, tallied nearly 6,900 casualties from landmines and other explosives in 2018, largely driven by conflicts in Afghanistan, Mali, Myanmar, Nigeria, Syria, and Ukraine. It comes as countries who have signed on to a treaty banning landmine use meet in the Norwegian capital, Oslo, today for a summit aimed at reviewing eradication goals. While global casualty figures are less than last year, they’re nearly double what was recorded in 2013 – continuing the reversal of a longer-term trend in falling casualties. The report – an accounting of casualties and global stockpiles, as well as on progress towards mine removal and victim assistance – is released annually by the International Campaign to Ban Landmines. The coalition of NGOs spearheaded the anti-mine movement, leading to the 1997 treaty that banned the weapon’s use. The coalition says 164 countries have signed on to the treaty. But 33 others have not, including some of the world’s largest stockpilers of landmines: the United States, Russia, China, Pakistan, and India. From mid-2018 to October 2019, government security forces deployed mines in only one country, Myanmar, underscoring the ongoing conflicts raging on multiple fronts in the Southeast Asian nation. Accused of widespread rights abuses, Myanmar’s army largely operates without civilian oversight..."
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Source/publisher: "The New Humanitarian" (Geneva)
2019-11-25
Date of entry/update: 2019-11-26
Grouping: Individual Documents
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Description: ''Official aspirations for landmine removal in Karen State are occurring alongside deeply- held community anxieties that their removal will increase the presence of militarised actors. Such tensions reflect a contrast between national/international efforts to promote humanitarian mine action and community fears that such actions are part of strategies to remove a line of defence and deterrence. The continued presence of militarised actors in ceasefire areas threatens to result in these actors further expanding their networks of militarised power over areas of community controlled resources. Given the fact that parties to the ceasefire have not progressed significantly towards an agreement on security governance reform, it should not come as a surprise that, as a primary issue related to security, agreement on the removal of landmines has been delayed. As a part of the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement (NCA) signed in October 2015 between the Union Government and nine Ethnic Armed Organisations (EAOs, three of which are present within Karen State), negotiation on security sector reform, termed, “security reintegration processes,” was noted by commentators and those party to the ceasefire early in negotiations as a difficult subject to discuss. While such difficulties have not yet reached the position of a negative peace, they underline the patience that is required to negotiate and unravel preferences for security sector reform in the peace process. Despite the differing viewpoints held by parties to the ceasefire, this article seeks to highlight the potential role of mine action as a crucial link between security governance and political dialogue, one that might revitalise negotiations by identifying potential commonalities within the political dialogue...''
Source/publisher: Teacircleoxford
2019-02-20
Date of entry/update: 2019-02-20
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language: English
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Description: "Map ID: MIMU941v08 Creation Date :26 November 2018, A4 Projection/Datum :Geographic/WGS84 Data Source: Landmine Monitor Base Map: MIMU Copyright © Myanmar Information Management Unit 2018.MIMUproducts are not for sale and can be used free of charge with attribution. E-mail: [email protected] Web site :www.themimu.info Note that this map may not show all islands of coastal areas due to scale limitations..."
Source/publisher: Myanmar Information Management Unit (MIMU)
2018-12-13
Date of entry/update: 2018-12-13
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language: English
Format : pdf
Size: 763.05 KB
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Description: "Chin State in western Burma borders India and Bangladesh and, though receiving little attention from international media or rights groups, continues, like much of the rest of Burma, to suffer the effects of poor governance and on-going conflict. Chin Free Burma Ranger teams have reported incidents of civilian landmine victims and displacement from fighting in just the last two months. On 20 September Mrs. Daw Phit Leik (28) of Nga Tein Village, Paletwah Township, and five friends went into the jungle to pick vegetables. Whilst doing so, she stepped on a mine and was killed. An 18-year old woman, Miss Tein Tin, was also injured by the blast, according to Chin Rangers. On 29 Oct, at 11:00 a.m., Mr. U Hwe Htan, aged 35 and the father of six from Rat Chaung Village, Paletwah Township, stepped on a mine and was severely hurt. He was taken to Paletwah Hospital, but the extent of his injuries means that he will need to transfer to the main hospital in Sittwe..."
Source/publisher: Free Burma Rangers
2018-11-09
Date of entry/update: 2018-12-13
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language: English
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Description: This entry contains an html file in English and the English and Burmese 2018 reports..... ''Landmine & Cluster Munition Monitor provides research for the International Campaign to Ban Landmines and the Cluster Munition Coalition. The International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL) formed in 1992 to rid the world of the scourge of the anti-personnel landmine. The ICBL is a network of over 1,300 non-governmental organizations in 70 countries, and received the Nobel Peace Award in 1997. The Cluster Munition Coalition is an international civil society campaign working to eradicate cluster munitions, prevent further casualties from these weapons and put an end for all time to the suffering they cause. Landmine Monitor documents the implementation of the 1997 Ottawa Convention, or the Mine Ban Treaty. Cluster Munition Monitor documents the implementation of the 2008 Convention on Cluster Munitions. Both Landmine Monitor and Cluster Munition Monitor assess the efforts of the international community to resolve the crisis caused by these weapons. As of 1 November 2018, 164 countries, over 80% of the world’s governments, have ratified, or acceded to, the Mine Ban Treaty. 120 countries have signed, ratified, or acceded to, the Convention on Cluster Munitions. Myanmar/Burma has not yet joined either convention...''
Source/publisher: ''Landmine & Cluster Munition Monitor"
2018-12-12
Date of entry/update: 2018-12-13
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language: English
Format : pdf
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Description: "စည်းရုံးလှုံ့ဆော်ရေးအဖ ွဲ့နှင့် ထပ်ဆင့်ပေါက်က ွဲစေသော စစ်လက်နက်ပစ္စည်းများ အသုံးပြုတားမြစ်ပိတ်ပင်ခြင်း ညွှန့်ပေါင်း အဖ ွဲ့အတ ွက် သုတေသနလုပ်ငန်းများ ဆောင်ရ ွက်ပေးသည်။ မြေမြုပ်မိုင်း အသုံးပြုမှု ပိတ်ပင်တားမြစ်ခြင်း နိုင်ငံတကာ စည်းရုံးလှုံ့ဆော်ရေးအဖ ွဲ့ (ICBL)အား ကမ္ဘာ့အဝှမ်းလူသတ်မိုင်းများ ရှင်းလင်း ပပျောက်ရေးအတ ွက်၁၉၉၂ ခုနှစ်တ ွင်ဖ ွဲ့စည်းခ ဲ့သည်။ ICBL သည်နိုင်ငံပေါင်း(၇၀) နိုင်ငံတ ွင်ရှိသော အစိုးရမဟုတ်သော အဖ ွဲ့အစည်း ပေါင်း ၁၃၀၀ ကျော်ပါဝင်သော က ွန်ယက်တခုဖြစ်သည်။ ၁၉၉၇ခုနှစ်တ ွင်ငြိမ်းချမ်းရေး နိုဘယ်လ်ဆုရခ ဲ့သည်။ ထပ်ဆင့် ပေါက်က ွဲစေသော စစ်လက်နက် ပစ္စည်းများ အသုံးပြုမှုတားမြစ် ပိတ်ပင်ခြင်း ညွှန့်ပေါင်းအဖ ွဲ့သည်ထပ်ဆင့်ပေါက်က ွဲ လက်နက်များ ဖျက်သိမ်းပေးရန်၊ ယင်းလက်နက်ကြောင့် နောက်ဆက်တ ွဲထိခိုက်သေကြေဆုံးရှုံးမှုများ မဖြစ်ပေါ်စေရေး အတ ွက် ကာက ွယ်ဟန့်တားရန်နှင့် ထိုလက်နက် များကြောင့် အတိ ဒုက္ခရောက်မှုများကို ထာဝရ အဆုံးသတ်စေရန် စသည်တို့ အတ ွက် ရည်ရ ွယ်ကြိုးပမ်း ဆောင်ရ ွက်နေသော နိုင်ငံတကာ စည်းရုံး လှုံ့ဆော်ရေး အဖ ွဲ့ကြီး ဖြစ်သည်။ မြေမြုပ်မိုင်းအသုံးပြုမှုစောင့်ကြည့်လေ့လာရေးအဖ ွဲ့သည် ၁၉၉၇ခုနှစ် အိုတာဝါ သဘောတူစာချုပ် သို့မဟုတ် မိုင်းအသုံးပြုမှုပိတ်ပင် တားမြစ်ခြင်း သဘောတူစာချုပ်အား အကောင်အထည်ဖေါ်ခြင်းနှင့် ပတ်သက်၍ မှတ်တမ်းတင်သည်။ ထို့အပြင် ထပ်ဆင့်ပေါက်က ွဲ စေသော လက်နက်ပစ္စည်းများ စောင့်ကြည့်လေ့လာရေးအဖ ွဲ့ သည် ၂၀၀၈ခုနှစ်ထပ်ဆင့်ပေါက်က ွဲစေသော လက်နက်ပစ္စည်းများဆိုင်ရာ သဘောတူချုပ် အကောင်အထည်ဖေါ်မှုကို မှတ်တမ်းတင်သည်။ ၎င်းနှစ်ဖ ွဲ့စလုံးသည် ယင်းလက်နက်များကြောင့် ဖြစ်ပေါ်လာသည့် အကြပ်အတည်းများအပေါ် နိုင်ငံတကာအသိုင်းအဝန်းက တုန့်ပြန်ဆောင်ရ ွက်ချက်များနှင့်ပတ်သက်၍ လည်း စောင့်ကြည့်လေ့လာသည်။..."
Source/publisher: ''Landmine & Cluster Munition Monitor"
2018-12-12
Date of entry/update: 2018-12-13
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language: Burmese (မြန်မာဘာသာ)
Format : pdf
Font: Zawgyi
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Description: This entry contains an html file in English and the English and Burmese 2018 reports..... ''Landmine & Cluster Munition Monitor provides research for the International Campaign to Ban Landmines and the Cluster Munition Coalition. The International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL) formed in 1992 to rid the world of the scourge of the anti-personnel landmine. The ICBL is a network of over 1,300 non-governmental organizations in 70 countries, and received the Nobel Peace Award in 1997. The Cluster Munition Coalition is an international civil society campaign working to eradicate cluster munitions, prevent further casualties from these weapons and put an end for all time to the suffering they cause. Landmine Monitor documents the implementation of the 1997 Ottawa Convention, or the Mine Ban Treaty. Cluster Munition Monitor documents the implementation of the 2008 Convention on Cluster Munitions. Both Landmine Monitor and Cluster Munition Monitor assess the efforts of the international community to resolve the crisis caused by these weapons. As of 1 November 2018, 164 countries, over 80% of the world’s governments, have ratified, or acceded to, the Mine Ban Treaty. 120 countries have signed, ratified, or acceded to, the Convention on Cluster Munitions. Myanmar/Burma has not yet joined either convention...''
Source/publisher: ''Landmine & Cluster Munition Monitor"
2018-12-12
Date of entry/update: 2018-12-12
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language: English, Burmese (မြန်မာဘာသာ)
Format : pdf pdf
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Description: "Country is third on the list of total victims over the last decade and one of only two governments worldwide to use the weapon in 2016... Only country listed every year? ?Myanmar is the only country on the planet which has the unfortunate distinction of being listed every year for its use of mines, both by the government and non-state armed groups, since 1999 when the Landmine Monitor began its work,” the campaigner said. Myanmar?s military, the Tatmadaw, has been fighting armed ethnic groups around the country for about 70 years. But even with the push for peace since the previous military-dominated Thein Sein regime, more than 1,000 people have been injured or killed by mines. Over the past decade, Myanmar is third on the list of total victims, behind only Afghanistan and Colombia ? and that ranking is based on figures that Moser-Puangsuwan said were ?not even close to accurate”, partly because the government still does not record mine casualties..."
Source/publisher: "Asia Times"
2017-12-15
Date of entry/update: 2017-12-16
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language: English
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Description: Mine Ban Treaty / Status: non-signatory... Convention on Cluster Munitions / Status: non-signatory... Convention on Conventional Weapons / Status: Not joined... Convention on Conventional Weapons / Amended Protocol II: n/a... Convention on Conventional Weapons / Protocol V: n/a... UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities / Status: Acceded... 2017 UNGA Resolutions: 72/40 (landmines) -- 72/41 (cluster munitions)
Source/publisher: International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL)
2017-12-14
Date of entry/update: 2017-12-15
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language: English
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Description: "RANGOON — The Landmine and Cluster Munition Monitor has revealed that over 400 civilians had been killed and another 3,300 injured by landmines over the past 17 years, adding that these figures likely underestimate the true extent of damage and lives lost. Yeshua Moser-Puangsuwa, a research coordinator and editor at the monitor, said that most of the victims were uncompensated ordinary citizens, injured or killed by anti-personnel landmines produced by the government and rebel groups. He said that soldiers had not been accounted for in the death toll. ?We estimate that since 1997, most of the people included in the figures are civilians. But we don?t have any idea as to the exact number of dead or a potential maximum estimate,” Moser-Puangsuwa said..."
Creator/author: Moe Myint
Source/publisher: "The Irrawaddy"
2015-11-25
Date of entry/update: 2015-11-26
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language: English
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Description: Updated Content: Mine action
Source/publisher: International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL)
2014-10-09
Date of entry/update: 2014-10-09
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language: English
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Description: LAND RIGHTS AND MINE ACTION IN MYANMAR - DO NO HARM: PROPOSALS FOR A SET OF EIGHT CORE PRINCIPLES AND A 14-STEP SEQUENCING PROCESS FOR LAND RIGHTS-SENSITIVE MINE SURVEY AND CLEARANCE IN MYANMAR..... "Vast areas of land in Myanmar are currently contaminated by landmines and other explosive remnants of war (ERW) as a legacy of decades of armed conflict between the national government and a wide range of ethnic armed groups. However, the political climate in Myanmar has been rapidly changing, peace talks have been progressing, and plans are being developed to commence demining of contaminated lands. Programme and policy formulation by mine action related organisations in Myanmar is currently underway, and landmine and ERW survey and clearance operations are expected to commence in the near future. In addition, the Myanmar Mine Action Center (MMAC) is about to be established under the Myanmar Peace Centre (MPC) and, once it has been activated, will be expected to play the key governmental role in mine action efforts. 2. Mine action is a vital component of broader strategies to secure sustainable peace in countries emerging from conflict and instability. At the same time, mine action is inextricably linked to broader land rights questions because demining frees land that was previously unusable and/or difficult and dangerous to access. If managed poorly or if carried out purely on a technical basis without taking land rights questions into account, de-mining can re-ignite or create new land conflicts, facilitate land grabbing for resource extraction or other large-scale business activities, lead to forced displacement, serve to reinforce or exacerbate economic inequalities, and trigger a range of other undesirable outcomes. It is thus vital that demining efforts in Myanmar be subject to policies and agreements that can prevent such outcomes. It is essential, in other words, that the landmine survey and clearance efforts Do No Harm..." .
Source/publisher: Displacement Solutions
2014-02-00
Date of entry/update: 2014-10-08
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language: English
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Description: "Decades of ethnic conflict have left south eastern Myanmar one of the most landmine-ridden regions in the world. Few landmine victims get the treatment they need inside the country, formerly known as Burma, and so spend days travelling to neighbouring Thailand for medical support. The Mae Tao Clinic provides healthcare to more than 150,000 displaced people every year, from vaccinations, to eye surgery and emergency operations on gunshot wounds. In the clinic?s prosthetics department, where many of the staff are themselves former landmine victims, more than 250 prosthetic limbs are fitted each year. Nidhi Dutt travels to the border town of Mae Sot to meet the people making tailored prosthetics from the simplest of tools for whoever needs them, no matter which side of Myanmar?s civil conflict they are on..."
Creator/author: Nidhi Dutt
Source/publisher: Al Jazeera (The Cure)
2014-06-24
Date of entry/update: 2014-06-28
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language: English
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Description: "No one knows how many people have been affected by landmines in Burma, the only state to consistently lay mines since 1997. Some who step on mines die immediately, but most will survive to live with severely disabling injuries. For the latter there is little in the way of immediate or long-term medical assistance available from the country?s impoverished medical system. Hope is on the horizon, however. On Friday last week the UN announced the accession of Burma to the Convention on the Rights of Disabled People (CRPD). This rights-based document could bring about a significant improvement in the quality of life for landmine victims and other people living with disabilities in the country. For that improvement to happen in the lifetime of current survivors, the convention needs to be implemented, meaning Burma must focus on generating necessary services in the areas where survivors live – given that landmines are mostly laid in the country?s remote border regions whose development has never taken place, this will be no easy feat..."
Creator/author: Yeshua Moser Puangsuwan
Source/publisher: Democratic Voice of Burma (DVB)
2011-12-12
Date of entry/update: 2012-07-03
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language: English
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Description: "Myanmar Accedes to the international Convention on the Rights of Disabled People (CRPD)...The ICBL had previously been informed by Foreign Ministry officials that the legal review of this convention had been completed, but that the Convention would have to forwarded to the new Parliament for debate and approval. On 9 December, the United Nations received the accession from Myanmar, which will go into effect 6 January 2012. Myanmar?s adherence to the CRPD will be significant for increasing assistance to the countries landmine, and other, disabled..."
Source/publisher: International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL)
2011-12-12
Date of entry/update: 2012-07-03
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language: English
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Description: Abstract: Since the launch of Geneva Call in 2000, significant progress has been made. 34 NSAs from Burma/Myanmar, Burundi, India, Iraq, the Philippines, Somalia, Sudan, Turkey and Western Sahara have signed the ?Deed of Commitment”, an innovative mechanism that enables NSAs, which by definition cannot accede to the 1997 Ottawa Convention, to subscribe to its norms. Signatory groups have, by and large, complied with their obligations, refraining from using anti-personnel mines and cooperating in mine action with specialized organizations. In addition, nine other NSAs have pledged to prohibit or limit the use of anti-personnel mines, either unilaterally or through a ceasefire agreement with the government. In some countries, the signing of the ?Deed of Commitment” by NSAs facilitated the launch of much-needed humanitarian mine action programs in areas under their control, as well as the accession by their respective States to the Ottawa Convention. Of course, many challenges remain, notably the continued use of anti-personnel mines by non-signatory groups, the lack of technical and financial resources to support implementation of the ?Deed of Commitment” and insufficient cooperation from some concerned States. Yet, this report illustrates how NSA engagement can be effective in securing their compliance with international humanitarian norms.
Source/publisher: Geneva Call
2007-11-00
Date of entry/update: 2010-07-28
Grouping: Individual Documents
Language: English
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