Architecture
Websites/Multiple Documents
Description:
"The mission of the Yangon Heritage Trust is to protect and promote Yangon?s urban heritage within a cohesive urban plan by advocating for heritage protection, advising the government and developers on heritage issues, and undertaking preservation projects, studies, conferences, and training. The core of our current activities are described on the pages below:"
Source/publisher:
Yangon Heritage Trust
Date of entry/update:
2013-09-08
Grouping:
Websites/Multiple Documents
Category:
Architecture
Language:
English, Burmese/ မြန်မာဘာသာ
more
Individual Documents
Description:
"Now is a key moment for Yangon, Myanmar?s
most important urban economic centre. The
current political transition and substantial
international good will provide a once-in-alifetime
opportunity to set the city in a new
direction.
This is also the last best chance to avoid the urban planning
mistakes of regional neighbours. Yangon?s built, cultural and
natural heritage should be carefully conserved during future
growth to ensure the city can be regionally competitive and
liveable.
Yangon is one of the world?s great heritage cities, containing
an unparalleled collection of heritage assets ? these include
traditions, communities and memories as well as physical things
like parks, buildings and whole neighbourhoods. The city has a
rich history as the stage upon which national independence was
won and the foundations of modern Myanmar were laid. Great
writers, artists and leaders from across Myanmar and the world
have lived and worked here. This broad variety of peoples and
traditions gives the city its strong cultural identity..."......"Contents
Executive Summary 4
The Yangon Heritage Trust 8
Introduction 11
A Key Moment for Yangon 12
The Importance of Cities 14
The Importance of Heritage Conservation 16
The Importance of Urban Planning 20
Vision 25
Liveability 33
Strategy 43
Action Plans 51
Annexes 141
A: Glossary 142
B: References 144
C: Image Credits and Notes 146
D: Acknowledgements
Source/publisher:
Yangon Heritage Trust
Date of publication:
2016-08-00
Date of entry/update:
2016-12-19
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Architecture
Language:
English, Burmese (မြန်မာဘာသာ)
Format :
pdf pdf
Size:
39.35 MB 39.56 MB
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Description:
Abstract: "The research paper is studied about architectural aspects of stupas that were built during
the reign of King Narapatisithu along Bagan dynasties. The author would like to study these stupas
depending on four factors such as (i) Reflection in the form
(ii) Spatial compositions (iii) Structural
aspects and (iv) Decorative aspects. The stupas are classified according to their development of
Form such as Stupas with bulbous shape, Stupas with octagonal basement, Stupas with rectangular
basement, Stupas with circular basement, Stupas with pentagonal basement and Sinhalese type
Stupas. Most of the stupas with circular basement, bulbous shape, rectangular basement,
pentagonal basement and octagonal basement in the Bagan period were apparently evolved from
the hemispherical stupa like Sanchi and Amaravali of India. Among them, Dhammayazika Stupa is
surpassing example of the Bagan stupas. It was more required in skill for management, estimating,
drawing and construction. According to cosmic metaphor and symbol
of the five Buddhas, the
geometrically guided layout is the finest expression of the Bagan. There were altogether the stupas
that built in Bagan and the Dhammayazika Stupa is the zenith of Myanmar Religious Architecture.
The contribution of this study is the architectural and technological achievements of Myanmar
Religious Architecture that reached its peak during the reign of King Narapatisithu (1174-1211 A.D).
Myanmar had impressed on special features and their own style from the Indian style. They showed
entirely the different appearance of the whole structures from the Indian monuments. They may be
traced to the Indian origin by signifying the philosophy of the fine arts. This research paper is studied
that the architectural typology of Bagan monuments a
dopted to conform Myanmar style.
Furthermore, the research paper is expressed those stupas during the reign of King Narapatisithu
were the most outstanding and famous levels compared with other stupas along Bagan periods.".....Paper delivered at the International Conference on Burma/Myanmar Studies: Burma/Myanmar in Transition: Connectivity, Changes and Challenges: University Academic Service Centre (UNISERV), Chiang Mai University, Thailand, 24-26 July 2015.
Thet Oo, Maung Hlaing
Source/publisher:
International Conference on Burma/Myanmar Studies: Burma/Myanmar in Transition: Connectivity, Changes and Challenges: University Academic Service Centre (UNISERV), Chiang Mai University, Thailand, 24-26 July 2015
Date of publication:
2015-07-26
Date of entry/update:
2015-09-07
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
1.01 MB
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Description:
Abstract: "Pyin-‐Oo-‐Lwin
has
the
high
quality
built
environment
of
the
area,
with
its
wealth
of
historic
buildings,
conservation
areas
and
historic
monuments,
represents
an
important
social,
cultural,
recreational
and
educational
resource
as
well
as
helping
to
make
it
an
appealing
place
to
live,
work
and
visit.
This
research
is
focus
on
conserving
of
the
historic
buildings
and
its
surrounding
environments
in
Pyin-‐Oo-‐Lwin
town.
As
there
is
physical
degradation
because
of
the
impact
of
urban
development,
the
conservation
of
these
areas
will
include
their
development
and
harmonious
adaption
to
contemporary
life‟
(UNESCO
1987).
During
19th
Century,
British
made
well
plan
with
impeccable
signs
of
urban
planning
and
local
architecture
and
built
the
many
famous
buildings
in
Pyin-‐Oo-‐Lwin
town.
These
colonial
buildings
are
standing
now
as
heritage
buildings
and
structures
so
that
targeting
conservation
resources
towards
particularly
vulnerable
group
of
sites
and
environments.
Because
of
elevation,
situation,
climate
and
verdant
environment,
it
be
comes
prominent
as
a
famous
highland
town.
In
urban
areas,
increased
attention
must
be
paid
by
the
institutions
for
its
conservation;
new
issues
have
to
be
addressed,
due
to
the
dramatic
changes
occurring.
It
suffers
from
physical
and
functional
decay
and
seems
to
have
been
seriously
affected
by
inconsistent
development.
The
historic
architectural
and
urban
features
of
Pyin-‐Oo-‐Lwin
deserve
a
careful
survey
and
assessment,
in
order
to
be
protected
as
a
substantial
part
of
Myanmar
heritage.
It
involves
actively
caring
for
the
heritage,
maintaining
it
in
good
physical
condition,
making
it
readily
accessible
for
study,
enjoyment,
recreation,
and
tourism.
In
this
research,
it
is
thoroughly
documented
the
existing
conditions
of
Pyin-‐Oo-‐Lwin
town
and
identified
the
possible
heritage
areas
to
be
conserved
with
the
development
of
this
town.
Then,
the
study
on
the
principles
and
methods
of
conservation
and
criteria
for
conservation
are
presented
as
literature
study
to
support
this
research.
Finally,
this
research
intends
to
give
general
guidelines
for
existing
historic
buildings
and
new
buildings
built
harmoniously
in
the
environment
and
to
create
encouragement
and
promote
heritage
awareness
on
historic
built
form
of
Pyin-‐Oo-‐Lwin
Town.".....Paper delivered at the International Conference on Burma/Myanmar Studies: Burma/Myanmar in Transition: Connectivity, Changes and Challenges: University Academic Service Centre (UNISERV), Chiang Mai University, Thailand, 24-26 July 2015.
Than Htay Oo
Source/publisher:
International Conference on Burma/Myanmar Studies: Burma/Myanmar in Transition: Connectivity, Changes and Challenges: University Academic Service Centre (UNISERV), Chiang Mai University, Thailand, 24-26 July 2015
Date of publication:
2015-07-26
Date of entry/update:
2015-08-10
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Architecture, Shan (cultural, historical, political) articles, Shan history, International Conference on Burma/Myanmar Studies (ICBMS) 23-26 July, 2015
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
3.56 MB
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Description:
"Myanmar?s former capital, Yangon, boasts one of the most spectacular early-20th century urban landscapes in Asia.
A century ago the country?s former capital was one of the world?s great trading cities and the legacy of that cosmopolitan past remains today.
Saved from the fate of other Asian cities due to the country?s isolation under military rule, Yangon?s downtown area is a unique blend of cultural and imperial architecture, considered to be the last surviving "colonial core" in Asia.
But as the country opens up, this unique heritage is under threat. Decades of neglect have left once grand buildings a crumbling mess and they are at grave risk of being demolished in favour of hastily built towers and condominiums..."
Some of the damage has already been done as developers race to cash in on the country?s rapid pace of change.
Myanmar historian and scholar, Thant Myint U, is leading the charge to preserve Yangon?s heritage and return many buildings to their former glory.
He has founded the Yangon Heritage Trust, a group pushing for a cohesive urban plan for the city. The stories of the buildings and the people who lived - and still live in them today, are truly unique in the world.
101 East was granted rare access inside the famous Secretariat building, the site of Myanmar?s independence ceremony in 1948 and the assassination of national hero, General Aung San, the father of pro-democracy campaigner Aung San Suu Kyi.
This immense building, which housed the parliament from 1948-1962 has been closed to the public behind razor wire for more than half a century and few have ever seen inside it. Its greatest challenge may yet be surviving the modern era as Yangon embarks on its dramatic transition into a modern Asian city..."
Aela Callan
Source/publisher:
Al Jazeera (101 East)
Date of publication:
2013-05-22
Date of entry/update:
2013-09-08
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Architecture
Language:
English
more
Description:
Vor f?nf Jahren ?berraschte Burmas enigmatische Milit?rjunta mit der Ank?ndigung, im d?nn besiedelten Landesinnern eine neue Hauptstadt zu bauen. Entstanden ist ein steriles Nebeneinander von Ministerien, Hotels und Wohnbl?cken.
Source/publisher:
NZZ Online
Date of publication:
2011-01-05
Date of entry/update:
2011-01-27
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Architecture
Language:
Deutsch, German
more
Description:
Mandalay Palace - Historical Sites;
Mandalay - Description and Travel;
Mandalay - History;
Myanmar - History - Later Konbaung Period;
Contents:
(1) Foundation of the Palace and City p. 10-15;
(2) The City?s Defensive Walls p. 16-19;
(3) Building outside the palace platform p. 22-24;
(4) The Buildings within the palace platform p. 25-35;
(5) Appendix - Kings of the Alaungpaya Dynasty p. 37;
This book was published with the grant of 1962 Asia; Foundation. Text by Mon C. Durosielle former Superintendent of the Directorate of Archaeological Survey. Supplemented with thirty one plates of photographs, plans and measured drawings of the palace structures and architectural motifs as preserved in the Archaeological Department.
Mon C. Durosielle
Source/publisher:
The Directorate of Archaeological Survey
Date of publication:
1963-00-00
Date of entry/update:
2010-07-10
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Architecture, The Konbaung Dynasty and the Anglo-Burmese Wars [1753-1885], Archaeology - Mandalay
Language:
English
more
Description:
Government involvement helps restore shine to Rangoon?s Strand Hotel...
"Rangoon is a picture book of architectural gems from the years of British colonialism. But visitors have a frustrating time discovering them.
The city streets so carefully planned and built in the mid-19th century have been allowed by neglectful Burmese post-colonial governments to fade and crumble. Layers of soot and grime accumulated over the years make it difficult to detect exquisite art nouveau and solid Victorian and Edwardian features of buildings that, in their time, would not have looked out of place in bourgeois areas of London..."
Jim Andrews
Source/publisher:
"The Irrawaddy" Vol. 14, No. 1
Date of publication:
2006-01-00
Date of entry/update:
2006-05-01
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
Engllish
more
Description:
Does a protective curse prevent the regime from pulling it down?...
Yawnghwe Haw, the large wood and brick palace of Burma?s first president, Sao Shwe Thaike, near Inle Lake in southern Shan State, has survived the ravages of Burma?s turbulent history—unlike its ill-fated former occupant, who died in jail.
Some suggest that the palace owes its survival to a protecting curse on anyone daring to pull it down. That was the fate of the famous Shan palace Haw Sao Pha Kengtung, demolished by the Burmese military junta in 1991.
Now known as Yawnghwe (Nyaungshwe) Haw Museum, Sao Shwe Thaike?s palace has undergone superficial renovation to repair damage caused by years of neglect, when squatters occupied outbuildings and graffiti was scrawled on some of the walls. The exhibits themselves have been catalogued and explained by the museum?s curators with only a cursory nod to historical fact.
Built in the Mandalay tradition and completed in the late 1920s, Yawnghwe Haw is a fine example of Shan palace architecture, though perhaps not as impressive as the demolished Haw Sao Pha Kengtung. The museum?s collection contains precious and beautiful artifacts—elaborate royal thrones, teak tables, divans, sedans and palanquins. Also included are numerous costumes belonging to the Shan sawbwas, or rulers, from Yawnghwe as well as Kengtung..."
Tara Monroe
Source/publisher:
"The Irrawaddy" Vol. 13, No. 5
Date of publication:
2005-05-00
Date of entry/update:
2006-04-27
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Architecture
Language:
English
more
Description:
"Rangoon?s modernization drive in preparation for the 2006 Asean Summit is destroying the capital?s architectural heritage...
A house of teak and brick in Botataung Township in Rangoon is being razed to make way for a taller, more modern skyscraper. The house was full of charm at the turn of the 20th century, and was one of many buildings that earned the Burmese capital the reputation as the "Pearl of the Orient".
"My house was beautiful and in good condition considering it was nearly 100 years old," said the 50-year-old owner, as he watched his home being demolished. But now he is more pragmatic than sentimental. "As the new ones are coming, the old ones have to go," he added.
In the first half of the last century Rangoon was a model for other Southeast Asian cities. Famed for its many buildings of religious, historical and architectural significance, the city was a hybrid of colonial charm and unique Burmese splendor. The great traditional houses of the city were built from teak, with grand spired roofs, decorated eaves and crafted paneling. But now much of that has been thrown into the dustbin of history..."
Kyaw Zwa Moe
Source/publisher:
"The Irrawaddy" Vol. 11, No. 6
Date of publication:
2003-07-00
Date of entry/update:
2003-11-06
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Architecture, SPDC Cultural Perspectives
Language:
English
more
Description:
"Stupas are solid structures that typically cannot be entered and were constructed to contain sacred Buddhist relics that are hidden from view (and vandals) in containers buried at their core or in the walls. Temples have an open interior that may be entered and in which are displayed one or more cult images as a focus for worship. Although this categorization between Stupa and temple is useful, the distinction is not always clear. There are stupas such as the Myazedei that have the external form of a stupa but are like a temple with an inner corridor and multiple shrines..."
Richard M. Cooler
Source/publisher:
Northern Illinois University
Date of publication:
2002-00-00
Date of entry/update:
2003-06-03
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Archaeology - Pagan, Architecture
Language:
English
more
Description:
"... Pagan temples may be divided into two basic types according to floor plan: one type has an open central sanctuary and the other has a solid core that is ringed by a corridor. The two types, however, were at times combined in a single structure in which the solid core was hollowed out to create a sanctuary that was then encircled by a corridor..."
Richard M. Cooler
Source/publisher:
Northern Illinois University
Date of publication:
2002-00-00
Date of entry/update:
2003-06-03
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Archaeology - Pagan, Architecture
Language:
English
more
Description:
"The purpose of this on-line study-guide and course-outline is to make text and visual materials on the arts of Burma readily and inexpensively available, in particular to students and teachers. These materials assume college level reading skills so that the contents may be used for independent study courses, as a resource for teachers in secondary schools, as well as anyone interested in expanding and enriching their knowledge of the Arts and Cultures of Burma. Because the text is written for a general audience it does not contain the detail or footnotes that are found in scholarly publications. A select bibliography is provided at the end of each section for those who wish to pursue topics previously discussed. The illustrations are digitized from my own collection of color slides with the several exceptions are noted..."
TOC: Overview: Purpose, Extended Contents, Acknowledgements, and Geographical Overview;
Art History of Burma: Synoptic Overview;
Chapter 1 - Prehistoric and Animist Periods c. 1100 BC to c. 200 AD: Paleolithic and Neolithic sites, Animism, and Karen Bronze Drums;
Chapter 2 - The Pre-Pagan Period: The Urban Age of the Mon and the Pyu c.200 to c.800 AD: Mon and Pyu City states: Thaton, Beikthano, Halin, and Srikshetra;
Chapter 3 - the Pagan Period c. 800 AD to 1287 AD;
Part 1 - Introduction and City Plan of Pagan;
Part 2 - Architecture 1 - General Characteristics and Stupas;
Part 3 - Architecture 2 - Temples and Monasteries
Part 4 - Sculpture, Conclusion, and Bibliography;
Chapter 4 - The Post Pagan Period;
Part 1 - Introduction and the Ava Period;
Part 2 - The Konbaung Period: Amarapura;
Part 3 - Mandalay Period;
Special Section: 80 Scenes of the Life of Buddha.
Richard M. Cooler
Source/publisher:
Northern Illinois University
Date of publication:
2002-00-00
Date of entry/update:
2003-06-03
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
The Art of Burma -- General studies, Archaeology - General, multiple periods, Architecture
Language:
English
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Description:
Clickable photos
Source/publisher:
Google Search
Date of entry/update:
2003-06-03
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
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Description:
"Texts and Contexts",
December 2001 Conference,
Universities' Historical Research Centre,
Yangon University...
Abstract:
The paper discusses the use of texts in current renovation of pagodas in
Myanmar, taking as examples aspects of work undertaken at the
Shwedagon and Kyaikhtiyoe in the last two years. Different types of
texts, from inscriptions and traditional accounts to contemporary
technical reports, are used to illustrate the complex tradition found in
the country today. These are presented in the context of past interaction
including Mon influence and the Hsandawshin (Sacred Hair) heritage,
as well as present links such as planetary aspects and the role of
renovation in encouraging the sustenance of Theravada practice.
Elizabeth Moore
Source/publisher:
Myanmar Historical Research Journal, University of Yangon [forthcoming]
Date of publication:
2001-12-00
Date of entry/update:
2003-06-03
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Archaeology - Early Mon, Burmese pagodas, stupas and other religious buildings, Architecture
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
746.61 KB
Local URL:
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