Laws, decrees, bills and regulations relating to the environment (commentary)
Websites/Multiple Documents
Description:
More than 100 full-text studies from 1971 on legal issues related, directly or indirectly, to the environment. Most in English; some also in French and Spanish.
Source/publisher:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO)
Date of entry/update:
2013-05-17
Grouping:
Websites/Multiple Documents
Language:
English, French, Spanish
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Individual Documents
Description:
"... Myanmar is a predominantly agricultural country in Mekong River Basin, also known as Burma, the second largest country in mainland South-East Asia, known as the ??Asia?s Barn?? in the past years, once the world?s largest exporter of rice. Myanmar is a resource-rich country that has abundant arable land, timber, mineral resources, natural gas and oil, which made it one of the best developing countries in South-East Asia until the early 1960s. Myanmar?s total area is 676 578 km2. Forest area is 317 730 km2, 48.32% of land area; other wooded land accounts for 30.59% of land area; other land accounts for 21.09% of land area, and inland water area is 19 030 km2 (FAO, 2010). Extensive changes in altitude and latitude produced a seemingly unparalleled abundance of habitats and species. Myanmar occupied completely or partially nine of the Global 200 Eco-regions (Olson and Dinerstein, 2002). Indo-Burma includes most of Myanmar is described as one of the eight hottest biodiversity hotspots (Myers et al., 2000). There is no doubt that Myanmar has an unmatched level of biological diversity. Myanmar has 7000 plant species, has 1027 known bird species, 4 of which are endemic, and 19 others are restricted range birds. Myanmar is also home to 300 known species of mammals, 425 reptile and amphibian species, and 350 freshwater fish, especially the endangered species such as the one-horned rhinoceros, the Irrawaddy Dolphin and the Gurney?s Pitta (BEWG, 2011)..."
Changjian Wang, Fei Wang, Qiang Wang, Degang Yang, Lianrong Li, Xinlin Zhang
Source/publisher:
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Date of publication:
2012-11-09
Date of entry/update:
2016-04-21
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Biodiversity - Burma/Myanmar-related, Preservation of the environment in Burma/Myanmar, Laws, decrees, bills and regulations relating to the environment (commentary)
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
233.71 KB
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Description:
မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ အစိုးရအတွက် သဘာဝပတ်ဝန်းကျင်ရေးရာနှင့်ပတ်သက်၍
လူ့အခွင့်အရေးနှင့် ပတ်သက်၍ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံအနေဖြင့် လမ်းကြောင်းမှန်ပေါ်သို့ ခြေလှမ်းလျှက်ရှိသည်ဟု ဆိုနိုင်သော်လည်း၊ မြန်မာအစိုးရမှာ ကောင်းမွန်သည့် အစိုးရအုပ်ချုပ်ရေး
စနစ် ဖြစ်ရန် အလှမ်းဝေးနေပါသေးသည်။ မြန်မာအစိုးရအနေဖြင့် ၎င်းကိုယ်၌က သဘာဝသယံဇာတများ ကာကွယ်ထိန်းသိမ်းရေးနှင့် ရေရှည်
တည်တံ့စေရေးအတွက်၊ ?ကောင်းမွန်သည့် အစိုးရအုပ်ချုပ်ရေးစနစ်? လမ်းညွှန်မူများနှင့် ကိုက်ညီသည့်၊ လျော်ကန်သော မူဝါဒအခြေခံ မူဘောင်တစ်ခုမချမှတ်နိုင်သမျှ ကာလပတ်လုံး၊ နိုင်ငံတကာ စာချုပ်စာတမ်းများနှင့် ကော်ပိုရေးရှင်းကြီးများ၏ စည်းမျဉ်းများက သဘာဝသယံဇာတများ အဟောသိကံဖြစ်ရမှု၊ ပျက်စီး ဆုံးရှုံးနေရမှုကို လျှော့နည်း ကျဆင်းစေလိမ့်မည် မဟုတ်ပေ။ ရွှေသဘာဝ ဓာတ်ငွေ့ စီမံကိန်းသည်လည်း ဤသို့ပတ်ဝန်းကျင်
ဆုံးရှုံးထိခိုက် ပျက်စီးစေမည့် စီမံကိန်းတစ်ခု ဖြစ်ပါသည်။
မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ၏ ပြည်တွင်း ဥပဒေမူဘောင်များက အထူးသဖြင့် သဘာဝသယံဇာတ ထုတ်လုပ်သည့်လုပ်ငန်းများတွင် ဤသို့ နိုင်ငံတကာ စံချိန်စံနှုန်းများကို ပြည့်မီသည့်အခါမှသာ၊ နိုင်ငံတကာ ရင်းနှီးမြှုပ်နှံမှုများ ပြုသင့်ပါသည်။ ထိုသို့မဟုတ်ပါက စဉ်းစားဖွယ်ပင် မရှိပါ။ ဤအချက်မှာ ရင်းနှီးမြှုပ်နှံသူများ၊ ကော်ပိုရေးရှင်းကြီးများ၊ ပါဝင်ပတ်သက်နေသည့် အစိုးရများ၊ အစိုးရများ အကြား ပူးပေါင်းဆောင်ရွက်ရေး အသင်းအဖွဲ့များနှင့် မြန်မာအစိုးရ
အပေါ် နည်းလမ်းပေါင်းစုံနှင့် ဖိအား သက်ရောက်စေသည့် အုပ်စုများအတွက်ကတိပြုရမည့် တောင်းဆိုချက်ပင် ဖြစ်ပါသည်။ ပြောင်းလဲရန်လိုအပ်နေသည့် မူဝါဒ ဆိုင်ရာအရေးကို ဆိုင်းငံ့ဖင့်လေးထားပါက၊ ပါဝင်ပတ်သက်နေသည့် အင်အားစုအားလုံးအနေဖြင့် ကောင်းမွန်သည့် ကမ္ဘာလုံးဆိုင်ရာအုပ်ချုပ်မှုစနစ် ဖြစ်ပေါ်စေရန် လိုအပ်ချက်တာဝန်များကို လျစ်လျူရှုထားသည့် သဖွယ် ဖြစ်နေစေပါလိမ့်မည်။ အောက်ဖော်ပြပါ အကြံပြုချက်များကို ကုလသမဂ္ဂ၏ အခွင့်အရေးများဆိုင်ရာ ရှုထောင့်မှ ချည်းကပ်၍ အကောင်အထည်ဖော် ဆောင်ရွက်သင့်ပါသည်။
၎င်းတို့၏ ချည်းကပ်မှုအရ ?ပြည်သူများကို သူတို့ကိုယ်ပိုင် ဖွံ့ဖြိုးတိုးတက်ရေးအတွက် အရေးပါသည့် လှုပ်ရှားဆောင်ရွက်သူများဟု အသိအမှတ်ပြုကြရမည် ဖြစ်ပါသည်။ အထောက်အပံ့ခံ အပြုခံများဟူ၍ မသတ်မှတ်သင့်ပါ။
Source/publisher:
Shwe Gas Movement
Date of publication:
2013-07-16
Date of entry/update:
2013-07-17
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
Burmese (မြန်မာဘာသာ)
Format :
pdf
Size:
1.15 MB
Local URL:
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Description:
"...While Burma may be taking steps in the right direction, the Burmese government is still far from being one of good
governance. Until the Burmese government develops its own sound policy framework to protect and sustainably
develop its natural resources in a way that meets ?good governance? guidelines, no amount of international
treaties or corporate regulation will mitigate the damage of natural resource development projects like the
Shwe Gas Project.
Until Burma?s internal framework meets these standards, foreign direct investment, particularly in extractive industries,
should not be an option. This is a call for all investors, corporations, stakeholder governments, intergovernmental
groups, and various others to utilize their means and authority to pressure the Burmese government.
Pending the necessary policy changes, all parties involved may be lacking the due diligence necessary to ensure
good global governance.
The following recommendations should be undertaken with the UN rights based approach as a basis, in which
?people are recognized as key actors in their own development, rather than passive recipients of commodities
and services.?..."
Source/publisher:
Shwe Gas Movement
Date of publication:
2013-07-16
Date of entry/update:
2013-07-17
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
978.87 KB
Local URL:
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Description:
Table of Contents:-
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND MAJOR FINDINGS …
2. HISTORICAL OVERVIEW ...
3. NATIONAL FOREST STRATEGY, POLICIES AND REGULATIONS:
3.1 The Myanmar Selection System and Annual Allowable Cut;
3.2 Forest Law and Policy ;
3.3 Forest Land Categories;
3.4 Community Forestry;
3.5 Impact of Forest Law Enforcement on Local People...
4. DEMAND: DOMESTIC DEMAND AND WOOD EXPORTS:
4.1 Domestic Demand ;
4.2 Exports ...
5. TIMBER SUPPLY: DOMESTIC PRODUCTION AND WOOD IMPORTS:
5.1 Domestic Wood Production;
5.2 Plantation Production...
6. FOREST INDUSTRY:
6.1 Myanmar Timber Enterprise;
6.2 Non-MTE Harvesting;
6.3 Medium-Sized Companies and Traders;
6.4 Value-Added Processing...
7. ILLEGAL TIMBER TRADE AND MYANMAR STANDARDS, NATIONAL CODES, TIMBER CERTIFICATION AND VERIFICATION SYSTEMS:
7.1 Illegal Timber Trade;
7.2 Progress towards Standards, National Codes, Timber Certification and Verification Systems ...
8. STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS :
8.1 Government;
8.2 Timber Processing Industry: Private Sector and Quasi-Private Sector;
8.3 Civil Society;
8.4 Bilateral Donor Programs...
BIBLIOGRAPHY...
APPENDIX 1: MYANMAR TIMBER EXPORT PROCESS .
Kevin Woods, Kerstin Canby
Source/publisher:
Forest Trends for FLEGT Asia Regional Programme
Date of publication:
2011-11-00
Date of entry/update:
2013-07-02
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Laws, decrees, bills and regulations relating to the environment (commentary), Forest policy in Burma/Myanmar
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
1.6 MB
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Description:
"...Environmental Legislation in Myanmar:
Even under the old laws which were made in the days when international
concern for environmental matters was less recognized than today, various
laws of Myanmar contained provisions relating to the environment. There
are 53 legal instruments in Myanmar. Some of these laws have been recently
formulated and contain wide ranging provisions for environmental protection
and conservation. However, there is still a need to modify or amend some
old laws and to formulate new laws that take into account the changing
economic situation in the country, the prevailing global environmental
concerns as well as the international environmental conventions and agreements to which Myanmar is a party.
The several significant laws are as follows:-..."
Tee Tee Cho (Department of Law, Dagon University, Yangon, Myanmar)
Source/publisher:
Singapore Journal of International and Comparative Law (1997 1 pp 609-614)
Date of publication:
1997-00-00
Date of entry/update:
2013-05-08
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
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Description:
A report on mining in Burma. The problems mining is bringing to the Burmese people, and the multinational companies involved in it. Includes an analysis of the SLORC 1994 Mining Law.... ?Grave Diggers, authored by world renowned mining environmental activist Roger Moody, was the first major review of mining in Burma since the country?s military regime opened the door to foreign mining investment in 1994. Singled out for special attention in this report is the stake taken up by Canadian mining promoter Robert Friedland, whose Ivanhoe Mines has redeveloped a major copper mine in the Monywa area in joint venture enterprise with Burma?s military regime. There are several useful appendices with first hand reports from mining sites throughout the country. A series of maps shows the location of the exploration concessions taken up almost exclusively by foreign companies in the rounds of bidding that took place in the nineties.
Roger Moody
Source/publisher:
Various groups
Date of publication:
2000-02-14
Date of entry/update:
2010-09-09
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Foreign investment in mining, Laws, decrees, bills and regulations relating to business and investment (commentary), Laws, decrees, bills and regulations relating to the environment (commentary), Minerals and Mining - Burma (general articles and analyses), Metal mining and other extractive operations, Myanmar Mining legislation (texts and commentary), Laws, decrees, bills and regulations relating to extractive industries (commentary)
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
1.18 MB
Local URL:
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Description:
"Environmental law in Burma under the current military regime is very weak. One of the main problems is that there are no up-to-date laws that regulate pollution. There are also no regulations for environmental impact assessments to examine the harmful effects of projects. Reasonably effective environmental laws were enacted under the British. The democratic period in Burma, from 1948 to 1962, did not improve these laws. After 1962, the military junta repealed and replaced the British laws. The current legislation is too general and has never significantly provided for the protection of the environment. Unfortunately, the Burmese junta shows little concern for the environment..".
Peter Gutter
Source/publisher:
"Legal Issues on Burma Journal" No. 9 (Burma Lawyers? Council)
Date of publication:
2001-08-00
Date of entry/update:
2003-06-03
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
Format :
htm pdf
Size:
78.69 KB 570.58 KB
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