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BurmaNet News: April 14, 2001
- Subject: BurmaNet News: April 14, 2001
- From: strider@xxxxxxxxxxx
- Date: Sat, 14 Apr 2001 06:00:00
______________ THE BURMANET NEWS ______________
An on-line newspaper covering Burma
April 14, 2001 Issue # 1779
______________ www.burmanet.org _______________
NOTED IN PASSING: ?The formation of the task force with American
involvement is likely to further strain the uneasy Thai-Myanmar ties.?
The Associated Press on US military involvement in combating Burma drug
trafficking. See AP: Report--U.S. troops to join Thai fight against
Myanmar drugs
INSIDE BURMA _______
*AP: Wife of former Communist leader dies
*Mizzima: Burma's human rights committee slow-going
REGIONAL/INTERNATIONAL _______
*Xinhua: PLA Chief of General Staff Leaves on Three-Nation Tour
*AP: Report--U.S. troops to join Thai fight against Myanmar drugs
*The Nation: US Special Forces join drugs war
*Bangok Post: Burma's support for scheme sought
*Japan Times: EU demands Myanmar grant rights to opposition
ECONOMY/BUSINESS _______
*Shan Herald Agency for News: Thai-Burma situation--Border still closed
OPINION/EDITORIALS_______
*The Irrawaddy: Chavalit Looking Forward to Returning to the Past
OTHER______
*Living Silence: Burma under Military Rule?new book by former BurmaNet
editor
*Talk by Burma Charge' d'Affaires Priscilla A. Clapp on April 18, 2001
__________________ INSIDE BURMA ____________________
AP: Wife of former Communist leader dies
April 14, 2001
YANGON, Myanmar (AP) _ Khin Gyi, a relative of pro-democracy leader Aung
San Suu Kyi and the wife of a one-time Communist guerrilla chief, has
died at the age of 93, family sources said Saturday.
Khin Gyi, the elder sister of Suu Kyi's deceased mother, passed away
Thursday at Suu Kyi's lakeside residence. The cause of death was not
given.
Than Thun, Khin Gyi's husband, went underground shortly after Myanmar,
also known as Burma, gained independence from Great Britain in 1948.
Heading the Burma Communist Party, he fought the central government
until he was killed by a subordinate in 1968.
About 100 relatives, friends and members of Suu Kyi's National League
for Democracy attended the funeral Saturday at a cemetery in the
northern suburbs.
Suu Kyi, who has been under virtual house arrest since last September,
was not seen at the funeral, according to several persons who attended.
But close family sources said she was not restricted from attending the
rites. Suu Kyi has been allowed to receive foreign diplomats and NLD
members at her home and has reportedly left her compound for several
secret meetings with the ruling junta.
The Peace Prize laureate sharply opposes a group of generals who seized
power after brutally crushing a pro-democracy uprising in 1988.
___________________________________________________
Mizzima: Burma's human rights committee slow-going
New Delhi, April 12, 2001
Mizzima News Group (www.mizzima.com)
The low-profile ôhuman rights committee formed by the Burmese military
regime is not going much towards its stated aim of establishing a
national human rights institution in the country. The committee?s
over-all work is still in its early stage of studying various human
rights mechanisms of the United Nations and its members participating in
the human rights workshops sponsored by AusAID and Australian
consultants, conducted by former Australian human rights commissioner
Mr. Chris Sidoti.
The generals set up a human rights committee in October last year after
the State Peace and Development Council (SPDC) approved the proposal of
the Home Affairs Minister for the formation that was submitted in April
2000.
The eventual aim of the committee is stated to be the establishment of a
national human rights institution in the military-run country. Secretary
I of the State Peace and Development Council (SPDC) Lt. Gen. Khin Nyunt
heads the board of patrons with the Minister for Foreign Affairs, the
Home Affairs Minister, the Chief Justice and the Attorney General.
Col. Tin Hlaing, the Home Affairs Minister of the regime, chairs the
20-member Committee which has outlined three main priorities such as ôto
study human rights question as a whole, especially activities and
mechanisms of the United Nations and regional and national
organizations, to study and submit proposals for the establishment of a
national human rights institution and to form sub-committees to carry
out its work.
It has eight sub-committees such as Home Affairs, Education, Legal
Affairs, Health, Labour, Religious Affairs, Social Welfare and
International Affairs sub-committees.
Speaking at the meeting of the heads of the human rights sub-committees
in Rangoon on February 9 this year, Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs
U Khin Maung Win said that his government is committed to having
established a national human rights institution in the country although
the institution might not meet the Paris Principles in full at first.
Prof. May May Yi, Vice Chair of the government-sponsored Myanmar
National Committee for Women?s Affairs said that women?s equality was
recognized in Burma both in customary law and into constitutions since
independence. Dr. Khin Win Shwe, another member of the National
Committee for Women?s Affairs added that ôviolence against women occurs
in Burma but it is not a big issueö. According to her, out of the survey
their committee have done covering 80% of townships, between 3 and 15%
of women in those townships were affected by physical violence and
slightly more by mental violence. The causes of the violence included
parental problems, alcoholism, adultery and family disharmony.
___________________________________________________
___________________ REGIONAL/INTERNATIONAL___________________
Xinhua: PLA Chief of General Staff Leaves on Three-Nation Tour
BEIJING, April 13 (Xinhua)-- Fu Quanyou, chief of the General Staff of
the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), left here for a goodwill
visit to Maldives, Pakistan, and Myanmar. Fu, also a member of the
Central Military Commission, is invited by Minister of State for Defense
and National Security Abdul Sattar Anbare of Maldives, Chief Executive
of National Security Council, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
Committee, and Chief of Army Staff Pervez Musharaf of Pakistan,
Vice-Chairman of State Peace and Development Council, Deputy
Commander-in-chief of Defense Services, and Commander-in-chief of the
Army of Myanmar Maung Aye.
___________________________________________________
AP: Report--U.S. troops to join Thai fight against Myanmar drugs
[Abridged]
April 14, 2001
BANGKOK, Thailand (AP) _ About 20 U.S. soldiers will train a special
Thai task force in anti-drug operations in the most important American
involvement in the fight to stem the enormous flow of drugs from
Myanmar, a news magazine reported.
The American soldiers from the 1st Special Forces Group will join the
Thai Task Force 399 as instructors from October, the Far Eastern
Economic Review said in its latest April 19 issue made available
Saturday.
In addition to the U.S. soldiers, the task force will comprise 100 Thai
Special Forces men, two infantry companies of about 100 men each and 100
Border Patrol Police, the Review said, quoting unidentified Thai and
foreign security officials...
Thai and U.S. Embassy officials could not be immediately reached
because of the weekend and the Thai New Year national holiday...
The formation of the task force with American involvement is likely to
further strain the uneasy Thai-Myanmar ties. Thailand accuses Myanmar of
not doing enough to stop the United Wa State Army, an ethnic rebel group
in Myanmar known to operate drug laboratories along the Thai border. The
Wa, which once used to fight for independence, signed a cease-fire with
the Myanmar government and is now aligned with the ruling military
junta...
Myanmar says it has its own national masterplan aimed at eliminating
drugs by 2014, and that a significant decline in opium production has
already been achieved.
__________________________________________________
The Nation: US Special Forces join drugs war
April 13, 2001
CRACK troops from the United States will join Thailand's war on drugs in
the coming months, in a new bid to stem the enormous flow of drugs from
Burma.
About 20 soldiers from the US First Special Forces Group will train
Thailand's newly formed Task Force 399 starting from October, a senior
Third Army officer said yesterday, on condition of anonymity.
The secretive task force - made up of 100 members of the Thai Special
Forces, two infantry units with about 100 soldiers each and a 100-strong
unit of Border Police - will be based out of Chiang Mai's Mae Rim
district, the officer said.
The American Special Forces will arrive here next month along with 5,000
other American soldiers to take part in the annual joint-military
exercise, Cobra Gold, with their Thai counterparts.
Creating the anti-drugs taskforce is the latest tactic by authorities to
curb the flow of illicit drugs, mostly methamphetamines, from areas
under the control of Burma's armed ethnic rebels, particularly the
United Wa State Army (UWSA), which operates with little hindrance in
Burma's Shan State.
Anti-narcotics cooperation between Thailand and the US has a long but
relatively unpublicised history, Panitan Wattanayagorn, a security
expert at Chulalongkorn University, said.
Past operations were pretty much focused against opium-poppy cultivation
and heroin trafficking, which Thailand sees as mainly affecting other
countries. But because growth in synthetic stimulant abuse has become a
local issue detrimentally impacting just about every corner of Thai
society, said Panitan, news about the American Special Forces working
with local troops was likely to attracted great attention.
Up to 800 million speed pills produced in Burma's north were expected to
flood into Thailand this year, the officer said, adding that the UWSA
was responsible for most of the illicit drug production.
The UWSA came into being in 1989 shortly after the fall of the Communist
Party of Burma (CPB). It soon signed a cease-fire with the military
government in Rangoon. The bulk of the UWSA's troops served as infantry
for the CPB, which was backed by the Chinese Communists before it fell
apart.
Under an agreement with the Burmese junta that allows it some degree of
autonomy, the 20,000-strong outfit has extended its power base in
Burma's Shan State from along the Chinese border southward to areas
across from Thailand's Mae Ai and Fang districts. New towns such as Mong
Yawn and Mong Mai, built by hundreds of Thai labourers and Thai
construction companies, have sprung up in recent years as millions of
methamphetamine tablets, known locally as yaa baa, have been sent across
the border and sold in Thai cities.
The trade proceeded relatively unperturbed until two years ago when the
bodies of nine Thai nationals from Chiang Mai's Fang district were
discovered by the border near the Wa area. All fingers pointed to Mong
Yawn for the murderers. Thai authorities were forced to impose economic
sanctions against the Wa by closing the border crossing to their
territory.
The Burmese regime, on the other hand, has come under strong criticism
from both Thailand and Western countries for turning a blind eye to the
Wa's illicit activities.
Thailand's Third Army commander, Lt General Wattanachai Chaimuanwong,
has accused a number of top Burmese military chiefs of taking bribes
from the Wa.
___________________________________________________
Bangok Post: Burma's support for scheme sought
April 14, 2001
The International Organisation of Migration is seeking Thai help to
secure Burma's support for a micro-financing scheme for the resettlement
of refugees in Burma.
Foreign Minister Surakiart Sathiarathai said the IOM was also interested
in expanding work with hundreds of thousands of Burmese refugees in
Thailand.
Brunson McKinley, the IOM director-general, had asked Thailand to help
raise the issue of micro-credit schemes with Burmese authorities before
the IOM broached the issue with them directly.
"Burma should trust the IOM since they are neutral, professional and
non-political," Mr Surakiart said.
The minister would inform Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra before
raising the issue with his Burmese counterpart Win Aung during his visit
to Rangoon on May 1-2.
___________________________________________________
Japan Times: EU demands Myanmar grant rights to opposition
April 14, 2001
GENEVA (Kyodo) The European Union on Thursday demanded freedom of
movement for opposition leaders in Myanmar, including Nobel laureate
Aung San Suu Kyi, and criticized the human rights record of the military
government in Yangon.
An EU draft resolution submitted to the United Nations Human Rights
Commission currently meeting in Geneva, called on Myanmar's government
to release political prisoners and those detained in "government guest
houses" and to permit "unrestricted communication with and physical
access" to Suu Kyi and other political leaders.
It noted that human rights violations such as "extrajudicial, summary or
arbitrary executions, enforced disappearances, rape, torture, inhuman
treatment, mass arrests" have continued in Myanmar.
Such human rights abuses have had "a significant adverse effect on the
health and welfare of the people of Myanmar," the draft said.
The EU also said the Myanmar government "has failed to cease its
widespread and systematic use of forced labor of its own people" and
called on its military rulers to work with the International Labor
Organization. The labor group imposed sanctions on Myanmar last year.
"Concrete legislative, executive and administrative measures to
eradicate" forced labor should be adopted, the EU said.
_______________ ECONOMY AND BUSINESS _______________
Shan Herald Agency for News: Thai-Burma situation--Border still closed
11 April 2001
One week after the conclusion of the talks between Thai and Burma
armies, the border between Shan State's Tachilek and Thailand's Maesai
is still closed, said sources form the area.
The Burmese side of the bridge is still welded despite rumors of
imminent reopening before the Songkran (Sangjarn in Shan and Thingyan in
Burmese) water-splashing festival.
Prices have risen at least double for most commodities. Diesel, less
than 14 baht per liter on the Thai side, is B. 30 in Tachilek. Cooking
gas that costs B. 170-180 per tank in Maesai has gone up to B. 700 on
the other side.
According to Col. Han Sein, Civil Administrator from Kengtung, the talks
on 2-4 April did not touch on the subject of the reopening of the
border, said a source.
"Whereas the Thai side was proposing the resolution of drugs, Wa and
border demarkation issues, the Burmese were counter-demanding that their
forces be allowed to move across the border to attack Shan State Army's
positions," said the source.
"Of course, the Thais wouldn't budge and neither would the Burmese."
However, according to the latest reports, MI 24 (Military Intelligence
in Tachilek) officers have "confirmed" that the bridge is almost certain
to be reopened tomorrow (Thursday, 12 April), the eve of the Songkran
that falls on Friday (13 April).
Related News
Apart from the 40 local battalions, Rangoon is reported to have brought
10 fresh light infantry battalions (3 from LID 66, 3 from LID 77 and 4
from LID 88), 1 heavy weapons unit and 1 armored unit. The armored unit
is to be stationed at Nawngmon Village in Kengtung. The present
occupant, IB 224, is to be moved to a new location near Mongkhawn and
Mongpak, 10 miles southwest of Kengtung.
[Updated to 12 April]
Despite high hopes by local people on both sides of the border, the
Friendship Bridge on the Maesai between Thailand's Maesai and Shan
State's Tachilek remains closed. Whether it will indeed reopen tomorrow
continues to be a question mark, reported the sources.
Thai merchandise goes up in smoke
At 11:30 on 7 April, citizens of Tachilek were summoned to the Shan Yoma
department store, where confiscated Thai commodities were kept.
A road-roller was brought in to crush the goods, estimated at B.
200,000. They were then put to fire in front of the people present.
Thai kerosene seized
On 9 April, Tachilek's municipality officials raided shops to search for
Thai-made kerosene, usually blue colored or red colored. The seizure on
that day alone filled up the officials' six-wheeled truck, said the
sources.
_______________OPINION/EDITORIALS_________________
The Irrawaddy: Chavalit Looking Forward to Returning to the Past
April 11, 2001
By Aung Zaw
April 11, 2001 -- The recent offer by Defense Minister Chavalit
Yongchaiyudh to assist Burma has indicated an attempt to shift Thai
policy toward its western neighbor. Yet this shift may spell disaster
for both Burma and Thailand.
Gen Chavalit, who once served as prime minister as well as army chief,
said he would push for development in Burma. This development will
include the construction of a port and a coalmine as a means of helping
to solve the problems of drug trafficking, illegal migration and other
cross-border crimes.
"I would like to see our neighbors become prosperous at the same time as
we do," Gen Chavalit said, adding, "If we are developed while our
neighbor continues to live in poverty, then peace will not be possible."
This feeling, Chavalit said, came from "the bottom of my heart."
In fact, Chavalit has been "a true friend of Burma" for at least 13
years now. Soon after the military crushed the democracy uprising in
Burma in 1988, Chavalit, who was then army chief-of-staff, was the first
high-ranking foreign official to visit Burma, breaking the country's
diplomatic isolation. Gen Saw Maung, Burma's coup leader, welcomed
Chavalit, calling Thailand "a true friend of Burma." This was in
December 1988, just three months after the coup.
The purpose of that trip was not only to boost the political and
economic ambitions of Gen Chavalit, who had his sights set on becoming
the Thai Prime Minister, but also to expand Thai investment in
resource-rich Burma.
Following the trip, an army of Thai businessmen and officials paid a
flurry of visits to
Burma, during which major logging and fishing contracts were signed.
According to official documents and analysts, at least 20 concession
areas were granted along the Thai-Burma border and fishery companies
such as the Atlantic Corporation and Mars & Co. each received permission
to catch 250,000 tons of fish in Burmese waters. Thus critics of
Thailand's new found "friendship" towards Burma began to describe the
relationship as one based on the cooperative looting of Burma's
resources, facilitated by generals on both sides of the border.
More importantly, Chavalit's action saved the generals in Burma, as the
country's foreign exchange reserves were very low, prompting analysts to
predict that the military government was about to fall. Ordinary Burmese
and activists immediately criticized these "friendly ties" between the
two army leaders. Leaflets distributed secretly in Rangoon denounced
Chavalit and his business deals.
At that time, Burmese activists in Thailand were used as pawns. When
Chavalit returned home with a pile of business contracts, Burmese
activists who had fled to Thailand from political persecution were told
to go back home. Hundreds of student activists were sent back to Burma.
To this day, Chavalit maintains a special relationship with his "dear
brothers" in Rangoon. Now, the generals in Burma must indeed be
delighted to see that their old friend "Big Jiew" has again assumed a
high-ranking position in the Thaksin-led government. However, most
Burmese at home and abroad see this as sign of trouble.
Now, it seems, Chavalit wants to help Burma again. Since he became
deputy prime minister and minister of defense, many have been expecting
that Chavalit's policy toward Burma will be based on business and
personal ties. Chavalit has made no attempt to deny this.
Chavalit has no shortage of ideas to "help" Burmaone of them is "cross
border development", as he recently summed it up to Thai reporters. He
has talked about a Salween dam project, a port in the Gulf of Martaban
and a large coalmine opposite Bang Saphan district of Prachuap Khiri
Khan province.
Ambitious ideas indeed. Yet what Chavalit omitted in his proposals was
to consider Burma's ongoing problems and conflicts. On the border areas
with Thailand, insurgency is a part of life. Also, Burmese leaders have
still not demonstrated their sincerity about fighting the drug problem.
Chavalit's "cross border development" proposals will remain meaningless
if he cannot comprehend the existing problems in ethnic areas. Take a
look at the United Wa State Army, accused by Thailand of manufacturing
massive quantities of methamphetamines for the Thai market. Rangoon
claims that the UWSA-controlled town of Mong Yawn has flourished because
of its border development projects and mining concessions, yet it is
nothing but a big headache for Thailand.
All that is clear at the moment is Chavalit's claim that he wants to
assist Burma. Or does he simply want to repeat his 1988 business deals?
In any case, it is obvious that he is looking forward to returning to an
out-dated arrangement with the regime in Rangoon that has done
absolutely nothing to ameliorate the poverty of ordinary Burmese, but
has substantially enhanced the fortunes of the generals and their
"friends".
In February, Chavalit sent his trusted aides, including Gen. Pat
Akkanibutr, to Rangoon to attend the funeral of Lt-Gen Tin Oo, who died
in a helicopter crash in South Burma.
These aides also met high-ranking Burmese officials, including Lt-Gen
Khin Nyunt. Subsequently, Gen Pat Akkanibutr, chief adviser to Chavalit,
launched a friendship association with Burma in a bid to promote
cultural and business ties between the two countries. As things stand,
however, Chavalit needs to garner more support for his plan.
On the domestic front, Chavalit faces some obstacles. Professional Thai
army leaders dislike him, and his proposal to visit Burma was greeted
with strong criticism. Today, given the current military stalemate
between the two countries, going to Burma could be perceived as
compromising Thailand's national interests.
It is also debatable how much good new deals with Burma would do to help
Thailand resolve its own economic woes. Thailand has an energy surplus,
as demand has decreased since the economic went bust in 1997. Another
coal plant would only contribute to the current energy glut, making a
handful of businessmen and officials wealthier, but leaving Thailand's
more pressing needs unattended.
Unfortunately, Chavalit has sent the wrong signals to both the Burmese
people and the international community, even though the Burmese leaders
might be thanking him from bottom of their hearts for expressing his
wish to help their country. Burma needs more than shortsighted
"solutions" to end its countless social, economic and political crises.
Hopefully Thais will also realize that what their own country needs is
reform, not a return to a flawed vision of "development" that has
already cost the region more than anybody cares to calculate.
______________________OTHER______________________
Living Silence: Burma under Military Rule?new book by former BurmaNet
editor
Living Silence: Burma under Military Rule?new
By Christina Fink
About the Book
"Christina Fink's Living Silence is a meticulous study of the surreal
horror imposed upon the people of Burma by its illegitimate rulers. Read
this book and never forget them."
- John Pilger
Through this wide-ranging survey of Burmese society, we begin to
understand what it means to be governed by a repressive military
dictatorship. We also learn about the innovative forms of resistance of
some courageous Burmese. Christina Fink explores the remarkable range
of strategies and techniques which the military regime has used to
maintain itself in power. She presents the political history of the
country since independence in 1948, and a wide diversity of people and
communities -students, soldiers, religious figures, the artistic
community, and political prisoners. She concludes by examining the
internationalisation of Burma's politics.
"makes an important contribution towards an understanding of the root
causes of the problems and choices that the people of Burma are facing
today." - Aung San Suu Kyi
A graphic, moving and insightful picture of daily life for
ordinary Burmese
An exceptionally readable yet scholarly account which fills a
major gap in the literature
Original material drawn from extensive interviews conducted inside
and outside Burma
CONTENTS
Introduction - Historical Legacies: Spirits, Martyrs and Imperialists -
1962-1988: The Ne Win Years - Breaking the Silence: 1988-90 - Military
Rule Continues - Families: Fostering Conformity - Communities: Going
with the Flow - The Military: A Life Sentence - Prison: 'Life
University' - Education: Floating Books and Bathroom Tracts - The
Artistic Community: In the Dark, Every Cat is Black - Religion and
Magic: Disappearing Jewels and Poltergeists - The Internationalization
of Burma's Politics - Conclusion: A Different Burma
About THE AUTHOR
Dr. Christina Fink trained as an anthropologist at the University of
California, Berkeley and served as the editor of the BurmaNet News from
mid-1995 through 1997. This is her first book.
ORDERING INFORMATION
Primary Publisher: Zed Books (London)
Co-Publishers: White Lotus (Thailand), The University Press (Bangladesh)
Distributors: Astam Books (Australia), Fernwood (Canada), Palgrave (USA)
ISBN. 1 85649 926 X
Paperback Price: ú16.95/$19.95
Order from the publishers or distributors, from your local bookstore, or
online:
www.amazon.com, www.barnesandnoble.com, and www.blackwell.com
Talk by Burma Charge' d'Affaires Priscilla A. Clapp on April 18, 2001
Announcement
WHAT: Charge' d'Affaires Priscilla A. Clapp will discuss the status of
the dialogue and address how the U.S might respond to Burma and the
overtures made to Aung San Suu Kyi by the SPDC.
WHEN: April 18, 2001 (8:30 am - 9:45 am)
WHERE: The St. Regis Hotel, 923 16th & K Streets, N.W.
By Metro: Farragut North (2 blocks) and McPherson Square (3 blocks)
**** RESERVATION and PAYMENT required by noon, Monday April 16th ****
Contact- Asia Society, 1800 K St, NW, Suite 1102, Washington, DC 20006.
Tel: (202) 833-2742 Fax: (202) 833-0189
________________
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