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NLD Statement 52 in Burmese
In Win_Burmese Font
----------
trsKd;om;'Drkdua&pDtzGJhcsKyf
trSwf (97§c) taemufa&GS*kHwkdifvrf;
A[ef;jrdK@e,f/ &efukefjrKdh
a}unmcsuftrSwf- 52 (9§98)
1// ,ae@EdkifiHawmfat;csrf;om,ma&;ESifh
zGhHjzdK;a&;aumifpD[kac:wGifaom/
,cif EdkifiHawmfjidrf0yfydjym;r_wnfaqmufa&;tzGJ@onf / EdkifiHawmftm%mudk
18-9-88 &ufae@wGifodrf;,ljyD;aemuf / wyfrawmfumuG,fa&; Od;pD;csKyfu
23-9-88 &ufae@Y atmufygtwdkif; wdkif;jynfodk@ uwdjyKa=unmcJhonf//
J J u|efawmfwdk@taeeJ@ tpdk;&udkzGJ@pnf;cJhjcif;[m
EdkifiHwEdkifiHrSm&Sdoifh&SdxdkufwJh
t*Fgwpf&yfeJh jynfhpHkapzdk@
EdkifiHwumqufqHa&;ESifhwm0efawGcGJa0xrf;aqmif
Edkifzdk@twGufomjzpfjyD; yk*~dKvftenf;i,fr#ESifhom
wm0efawGrsm;jym;pGmay;tyf
xm;jcif;u EdkifiHtm%mudk =um&Snfav;jrifhpGm&,lxm;vdkaomqEN vHk;0r&Sd
yga=umif;udk xif&Sm;apygw,f// u|efawmfESifhwuGvkyfaz:udkifzufrsm;/
wyfrawmfom;rsm;tm;vHk;u EdkifiHawmftm%mudk =um&SnfpGm&,lvdkaomqEN
r&Sda=umif;/ &[ef;&Sifvljynfoltaygif;udk
&dk;om;av;pm;wnf=unfpGmuwdjyKygw,f // J J
X x x x
X x x x
J J u|efawmfwdk@wpfawG[m wyfrawmfom;awG jzpfygw,f //
wyfrawmfom;rsm;eJ@
zGJ@pnf;xm;wJh u|efawmfwdk@tzGJ@tpnf;taeeJ@vnf;
EdkifiHaus;Zl;opPmudkcH,lxm;wJh
tzGJ@tpnf;jzpfvdk@ EdkifiHawmfeJ@edkifiHom;rsm;tay:
0efcHxm;&SdjyD;jzpfwJh uwdopPmudk rnfodk@aomta=umif;a=umifhr# y,fzsuf/
azgufzsufrSmr[kwfa=umif; ,Hk=unfxm;
&Sd=uapvdkygw,f// J J
x x x
x x x
J J u|efawmfwdk@wm0ef,lr,fhumv[m tvGefwdkawmif;vSwJhtwGuf usrf;rma&;/
ynma&;/ tjcm;vlr_a&;qdkif&mvkyfief;rsm;udk xdkufoifhoavmufom xdef;odrf;
aqmif&Guf oGm;EkdifrSmjzpfygw,f// a&&SnfjyKjyifaqmif&Guf&r,fh
usrf;rma&;/
ynma&;/ vlr_a&;qdkif&mvkyfief;rsm;udkawmh ygwDpHk'Drkdua&pDa&G;aumufyGJ
usif;yjyD;aemuf wufa&mufvmr,fh tpdk;&tzGJ@tpnf;u aqmif&Gufay;zdk@
jzpfygw,f// J J
x x x
x x x
JJ J u|efawmfwdk@wyfrawmftaeeJ@uawmh jynfoljynfom;rsm;u rdrdwdk@&Jh
'Drdkua&pD
ydkifcGifht& vGwfvyfr#wpGm
a&G;cs,fwifajrSmufzGJ@pnf;vdkufwJhtpdk;&tzGJ@tpnf;udk
EdkifiHawmf&Jhtm%mudk v$Jajymif;ay;jyD;wmeJ@ u|efawmfwdk@&J h
r_vwm0efjzpfwJh EdkifiHawmfumuG,fa&;eJ@vHkjcHKa&;/ w&m;Oya'
pdk;rdk;a&;wm0efawGudkom qufvufaqmif&GufoGm;rSmjzpfa=umif;
xyfrHuwday;vdkygw,f// J J
2// xdk@aemuf ppfrSefaomygwDpHk'Drdkua&pDudkvufcHusifhoHk;aom
EdkifiHa&;
ygwDtzGJ@tpnf;rsm;udk Oya'trSwf- 4§88 jzpfaom EdkifiHa&;ygwDrsm;
rSwfyHkwif
jcif;Oya'ESifhtnD a&G;aumufyGJwGif0ifa&muf,SOfjydKifcGifh&&ef
wnfaxmifcGifhjyKcJhyg
onf// EdkifiHa&;ygwD wnfaxmifjcif;. t"du&nf&G,fcsufrSm a&G;aumufyGJwGif
0ifa&muf,SOfjydKifI / jynfolvlxk.qENudk cH,ljyD; / v$wfawmfwGif
jynfolvlxk twGuftusKd;&SdaprnfhudpPrsm;udk aqmif&Guf=u&ef jzpfygonf//
3// wpfzef 0efcHxm;jyD;aomuwdrsm;t& de fecto (yuwd
wnf&Sdaeonfh) tpdk;&jzpfaom
EdkifiHawmfjidrf0yfydjym;rSKwnfaqmufa&;tzGJ@onf
de jure (jynfol@v$wfawmfa&G;aumufyGJ Oya't& zGJ@pnf;aomtpdk;&)
ay:aygufvma&;twGuf zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya' r&SdygbJvsuf
Oya'trSwf-
14§89 jzpfaom jynfol@v$wfawmfa&G;aumufyGJ ESifh ygwDpHk'Drdkua&pDtaxGaxG
a&G;aumufyGJ usif;ya&;aumfr&Sifenf;Oya'rsm;trSwf-1§89 jzpfaom
J J jynfol@v$wfawmfa&G;aumufyGJ enf;Oya'rsm; J Judkvnf;
xkwfjyefcJhygonf//
4// xdkodk@ Oya'ESifhenf;Oya'rsm; xkwfjyefcJhonfhtjyif a&G;aumufyGJ
jyD;onfhtcg ay:aygufvmrnfhtpdk;&ESifh EdkifiHawmftm%mudkodrf;,lxm;onfh
wyfrawmf.tcef;u¾wdk@ESifhpyfvsOf;I 27-3-89 &ufae@wGif wyfrawmf
umuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfu atmufygtwdkif;ajym=um;cJhygonf//
J J tJ'D tpdk;&opftaeeJ@ EdkifiHawmfudkqufvufOD;aqmifoGm;&mrSm
jynfolvlxk&JhtusKd;pD;yGg;twGuf
tpGrf;aqmifEdkifqHk;az:aqmifoGm;vdrfhr,fvdk@
ar#mfrSef;xm;w,f// wdk@wyfrawmfom;awGtzdk@uawmh
ppfwrf;vsm;udkjyefoGm;jyD;
wdk@&Jhrlv t"duwm0ef=uD;jzpfwJh tckajym=um;&mrSmyg0ifwJh wm0ef=uD;awG
(jynfaxmifpk rjydKuGJa&;/ wdkif;&if;om; pnf;vHk;nDnGwfrSK rjydKuGJa&;/
tcsKyftjcm
tm%m wnfwHhcdkifjrJa&;)udk OD;vnfrokef qufvuf=udK;yrf;aqmif&Guf
oGm;&rSmyJjzpfw,f // J J
5// a&G;aumufyGJjyD;yguDe jure tpdk;& ay:aygufvma&;twGuf
vkyfaqmif&rnfhenf;vrf;udkvnf; wyfrawmfumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfu
5-7-89 &ufae@wGif atmufygtwdkif; ajym=um;cJhygonf//
J J - - -----u|efawmf 'Duae@ EdkifiHtm%mudk,lxm;wJhtcgrSm/
u|efawmfvkyfcsifwm vkyfoGm;w,fqdkwmudk rjzpfap&bl; // u|efawmf
pnf;eJ@pepfeJ@
vkyfoGm;w,fqdkwmudk u|efawmfv$wfawmfudk v$wfawmfay:aygufvm&if
a&G;aumufyGJjyD;&if u|efawmfv$wfawmfudk wifjyr,f// ------- J J
JJ J --------- u|efawmf tm%mudk Oya'eJ@tnD vGJr,f// ( majority vote eJh
government form up) vkyfEdkif&if v$JayghAs// u|efawmfoabmwlygw,f //
(constitution) topfqGJcsifovm; / qGJvdk@vJ u|efawmfwdk@ajymw,f //
[dkwae@u owif;pm&Sif;vif;yGJwkef;u 0ef=uD;csKyfa[mif; OD;Eku
ajymwm&Sdw,f//
'g 'DrSm trwfb,favmuf&&if 'guawmh 'Davmuf&&if tpdk;&tzGJ@udk
v$Jay;&r,fqdkwm rSefygw,f// u|efawmfbmjiif;p&m &SdvJAsm// u|efawmf
'DrSmv$Jay;&rSmayg@ // zGJ@av / zGJ@vdk@&&if v$J&Hkayg@ // b,f
(constitution) udk
,lrvJ/ EdkifiHwpfck&Sd&if tpdk;&wpfck&Sd&r,f// ol@rSm tajccH
(constitution)
zGJ@pnf;yHktajccHOya' &Sd&r,f // b,f[mudk (recognize) vkyfrvJ //
(amendment) vkyfrvm; // bmnm / 'gawGuawmh ygwDawG pOf;pm;=u&r,fh
udpPAs // ------- J J
6// 9-1-90 &ufae@wGifvnf; wyfrawmfumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfu
a&G;aumufyGJusif;y&jcif;. &nf&G,fcsufESifh a&G;aumufyGJjyD;ygu
EdkifiHa&;tpdk;&
ay:vm&rnfhvrf;udkvnf;/ atmufygtwdkif; ajym=um;cJhygonf//
J J EdkifiHawmftm%mESifhywfoufvdk@vJ wdk@t=udrf=udrf ajymjyD;yJ
jzpfw,f//
a&G;aumufyGJjyD;wmeJ@ Oya'ESifhtnD tpdk;&zGJ@=u/ ,l=uayg@ // tJ'D tpdk;&
jzpfvmatmif a&G;aumufyGJudk vkyfay;&rSmyJ // 'gu wdk@wm0efyJ//
a&G;aumufyGJjyD;&if w&m;Oya't& tpdk;&tzGJ@wpfckjzpfvmzdk@uawmh
wdk@wyfrawmfwm0ef r[kwfbl; // 'g twdtvif; yGifhyGifhvif;vif; tckuwnf;u
ajymxm;wmyJ jzpfw,f // ----- J J
x x x
x x x
J J ---------EdkifiHa&;tpdk;&jzpfvmzdk@vJ vydkif;yJ vdkawmhwmyJ jzpfw,f
//
EdkifiHa&; tpdk;& jzpfzdk@qdkwmuvJ a&G;aumufyGJenf;uvGJvdk@
tjcm;enf;vrf;r&Sdbl;//
'grS jynfol@qENtppftrSef 'Drdkua&pDusus trsm;pkua&G;vdkufwJh
jynfol@udk,fpm;vS,fawGeJ@ zGJ@wJhtpdk;& jzpfrSmayg@ // -------J J
27-3-90 &ufae@wGifvnf; de fecto tpdk;&uae de jure tpdk;&odk@
ajymif;Edkif&ef a&G;aumufyGJusif;yay;jcif; jzpfa=umif;udk
wyfrawmfumuG,fa&;
OD;pD;csKyfu atmufygtwdkif; ajym=um;cJhygonf//
J J--------'Drdkua&pDusifhpOfwnfaqmufa&;twGuf
a&G;aumufyGJenf;vrf;uvGJ&if bmrSrvdkufavsmEdkifbl; // ygwDawGudk
oD;oef@ajymcsifwmawmh a&G;aumufyGJtEdkif&vdk@
tpdk;&zGJ@jyD;&if =udKufwmvkyf=uyg// --------J J
x x x
x x x
J J ta&;=uD;wmuawmh vmr,fhjynfol@v$wfawmfa&G;aumufyGJrSm jynfol
tm;vHk;u trdEdkifiHawmfeJ@ wdkif;&if;om;jynfolrsm;twGuf wu,fwef;
opPm&Sd&Sd / tar#mftjrif&Sd&Sd acgif;aqmifr_ay;EdkifrJh yk*~dKvfawGudk
vGwfvGwfvyfvyf
a&G;cs,fwifajrSmuf=uzdk@yJ // 'grS wnfjidrfjyD; tm;aumif;wJh tpdk;&
wpf&yf
jzpfay:vmr,f // ----- J J
J J wcsKd@uvJ a&G;aumufyGJut"dur[kwfbl; / zGJ@pnf;yHktajccHOya'u
t"duvdk@
ajymwmvJ =um;&w,f // tpdk;&zGJ@zdk@ ,m,D zGJ@pnf;yHktajccHOya'a&; /
tm%mv$J/
jyD;awmhrS zGJ@pnf;yHktajccHOya'udk tcsdef,l a&;&r,fvnf;
ajymwm=um;&w,f//
'guawmh =udKufwmvkyf=uyg //wyfrawmftaeeJ@uawmh a&G;aumufyGJtwGufyJ
uwday;xm;w,f// ----- J J
7// txufaz:jyyg Oya'jyXmef;csufrsm; / wdkif;jynfodk@ajym=um;cJhaom
0efcHuwdopPmrsm;onf jiif;uG,fIr&aom ordkif;qdkif&mtaxmuftxm;rsm;
jzpfygonf// ,if;wdk@udk,Hk=unfI yxrt=udrfusif;yay;onfh a&G;aumufyGJodk@
EdkifiHa&;ygwD (93) ygwDrS jynfol@v$wfawmfudk,fpm;vS,favmif; (2296) OD;
0ifa&muf,SOfjydKifcJh=uygonf//
tjcm;EdkifiHa&;ygwDtzGJ@tpnf;rsm;rS
jynfol@v$wfawmfudk,fpm;vS,favmif;rsm;ESifh
wpfoD;yk*~vjynfol@v$wfawmfudk,fpm;vS,favmif;rsm;udkvnf; rJqEN&Sif
jynfolvlxku a&G;aumufwifajrSmufcJh=uygonf// a&G;aumufyGJusif;yay;onfh
rJqENe,f (485) ae&mteuf / trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyfu (392)ae&mwGif /
a&G;aumufwifajrSmufjcif;cHcJh=u&ygonf// ,if;a&G;aumufyGJonf vGwfvyfI
w&m;r#waom a&G;aumufyGJjzpdonf[k urBmua&mjrefrmuyg todtrSwfjyKjcif;udk
cHcJh=u&ygonf//
8// 1990 jynfhESpf/ ygwDpHk'Drdkua&pD taxGaxGa&G;aumufyGJ.&v'ft& /
'Drdkua&pDay:aygufa&;twGuf tqifhqifhvkyf&yfrsm;udk taumiftxnfaz:jcif;
r&Sdao;a=umif; / urBm@ukvor*~ taxGaxGnDvmcHrsm;uvnf;aumif;/
vl@tcGifhta&;qdkif&m aumfr&Sifuvnf;aumif; qHk;jzwfxm;ygonf//
qHk;jzwfcsufrSm urBm@rdom;pkEdkifiHtm;vHk;u /
wnDwnGwfwnf;qHk;jzwfcJhygonf// jrefrmEdkifiH
onfvnf; / rdom;pkEdkifiHwpfEdkifiHjzpfaeonfhtm;av#mfpGm /
xdkqHk;jzwfcsufrsm;udk
tav;xm;oifhygonf// vspfvsL&SKxm;&ef vHk;0roifhavsmfonfh udpPr[kwfyg//
wdkif;jynf*k%foduQm usqif;oGm;Edkifygonf//
9// a&G;aumufyGJusif;yjyD;onfhaemuf /
zGJ@pnf;yHktajccHOya'a&;qGJa&;ESifh
ywfoufI wyfrawmfumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfu 3-7-90 &ufae@wGif
atmufygtwdkif;ajym=um;cJhygonf//
J J---- ygwDpHka&G;aumufyGJjyD;&ifbmvkyf=urvJ//
zGJ@pnf;yHktajccHOya'a&;zdk@yJ
jzpfw,f// 'DudpP udk,ftaeeJ@ 5-7-89 &ufae@u ajymwJhtxJrSm ygygw,f//
e-0-w ura&;bl;qdkwm ajymjyD;jyDyJ // w&m;cHvJ tjzpfrcHEdkifbl;//
-------J J
xxxxx
x x x
J J------tajcchOya'udk ta&G;cH&wJh ygwDtzGJ@tpnf;awGu v$wfawmf
udk,fpm;vS,fawG nd_ESdKif;jyD; vkyf=u&rJhudpP // -------J J
10// ,cif EdkifiHawmfjidrf0yfydjym;rSKwnfaqmufa&;tzGJ@ (
,ckEDkifiHawmf
at;csrf;om,ma&; ESifh zHG@jzdK;a&;aumifpD) twGif;a&;rSL; (1)uvnf;
zGJ@pnf;yHk tajccHOya'a&;qGJa&;ESifhpyfvsOf;I (104)
=udrfajrmufowif;pm&Sif;vif;yGJwGif atmufygtwdkif;ajym=um;cJhygonf//
J J------- e-0-w taeeJ@ EdkifiHawmfzGJ@pnf;yHktajccHOya'udk ra&;bl;/
jynfol@udk,fpm;vS,fawGu a&;zdk@jzpfw,f // tJ'Dvdk
wdwdvif;vif;ajym=um;cJh
wJhtwdkif; ,ck a&G;aumufwifajrSmufjcif;cH&wJh EdkifiHa&;ygwDtoD;oD;u
jynfol@udk,fpm;vS,fawGeJ@wuG t"duEdkifiHa&;ygwDu 'DudpPudk
OD;pD;OD;aqmif
jyK&rSmyJ jzpfygw,f// -------J J
11// a&G;aumufyGJjyD;onfhaemuf ay:aygufvmrnfhjynfol@v$wfawmfonf
zGJ@pnf;yHktajccHOya' a&;qGJa&;udk OD;pD;OD;aqmifjyK&rnfomru/
Oya'jyKa&;/
tkyfcsKyfa&; / w&m;pD&ifa&;[laom tm%m (3) &yfudk
pDrHcef@cGJydkifcGifh&Sda=umif;udkvnf;
txufyg ajym=um;csufrsm;t& xif&Sm;aeonfhtjyif / (104) =udrfajrmuf
owif;pm&Sif;vif;yGJwGif twGif;a&;rSL; (1)
uatmufygtwdkif;ajym=um;cJhygonf//
J J--------,ckvdk vGwfvyfjyD;w&m;r#wrSK&SdwJh ygwDpHk'Drdkua&pDtaxGaxG
a&G;aumufyGJ=uD;udk rlvowfrSwfxm;wJhtwdkif; atmifatmifjrifjrifusif;y
ay;cJhwm[m EdkifiHawmfjidrf0yfydjym;rSKwnfaqmufa&;tzGJ@taeeJ@ tm%m
v$Jay;csifvdk@yJ vkyfay;cJhjcif;jzpfygw,f// tm%mv$Jay;zdk@ qENr&Sdbl;/
&nf&G,fcsuf
r&Sdbl;qdk&if tJ'D a&G;aumufyGJ[m vkyfay;p&mta=umif;r&Sdygbl;//
&Sif;aeygw,f// ------- J J
x x x
x x x
J J EdkifiHtm%mudkvGJajymif;ay;tyfcsifwJhqENr&Sdbl; / &moufyeftm%mudk
qkyfudkifxm;vdkw,fqdkwJhpGyfpGJcsufawG[m tckxdrukefao;ygbl;/
EDkifiHtm%mudk &moufyef qkyfudkifxm;vdkw,fqdk&if jynfol@v$wfawmf
a&G;aumufyGJ=uD;udk ,ckvdk =udK;=udK;pm;pm;
vkyfay;p&mta=umif;r&Sdygbl;//
EdkifiHtm%mudk vGJajymif;ay;zdk@rlvuwnf;u qEN&Sdvdk@om
a&G;aumufyGJ=uD;udk
jyKvkyfay;cJhwmyJ jzpfw,fqdkwm oabmaygufoifhygw,f// J J
12// tm%mydkifrsm;. owif;xkwfjyefa&;tzGJ@u owif;pm
&Sif;vif;yGJrsm;wGifvnf; v$wfawmf.tcef;u¾ESifh
v$wfawmfac:,lrnfhtcsdefudk atmufygtwdkif;ajym=um;cJhygonf//
J J------aemufwufrnfhtpdk;&ay:aygufvmcsdefwGif/
ygwDrsm;&yfwnfcGifhudpPESifh
a&G;aumufyGJqdkif&m udpP&yfrsm;onf xdktpdk;&. pDrHjyXmef;csuf twdkif;om
&Sdrnfjzpfyga=umif; ----- J J
x x x
x x x
J J-------tajccHOya'a&;qGJa&;ESifhywfoufI aemifwufvmrnfh
udk,fpm;vS,frsm;u v$wfawmfwGif aqG;aEG;qHk;jzwfI qufvufaqmif&Guf
&rnfhudpP[k oabmxm;a=umif;/ zGJ@pnf;yHktajccHOya' a&;qGJa&;ESifh ywfoufI
rnfuJhodk@pDrHaqmif&Guf&rnfudk EdkifiHawmfjidrf0yfydjym;rSK
wnfaqmufa&;tzJG@
taejzifh ajym&efr&Sda=umif; -------- J J
x x x
x x x
J Jv$wfawmfac:,lrnfhtcsdeftwdtusudk rajymEdkifyga=umif;/ odk@aomf
tcsdefqGJxm;vdkonfh oabmxm;r&Sdyga=umif; ------ J J
14// 4if;jyif J J rGefjrwfaomqEN J J [k atmufygtwdkif;
owif;pmrsm;wGif a&;om;az:jyxm;cJhonfudk zwf&SKawG@&Sd&ygonf//
J J EdkifiHawmfjidrf0yfydjym;rSKwnfaqmufa&;tzGJ@onf/
EdkifiHawmfrjydKuGJrysufpD;a&;/
jynfolwdk. touf tdk;tdrf pnf;pdrf vHkjcHKwnfwHha&;udk a&S;&SKjyD; /
EdkifiHawmf
tcsKyftjcmtm%mudk rv$Jra&SmifomI / wm0ef,laqmif&GufcJh&onfhwdkif/
EdkifiHawmftm%mudk / rlvydkif&Sifjzpfaom jynfolrsm;vuf0,fodk@ 'Drdkua&pD
enf;vrf;ESifhtnD jrefEDkifor#jrefjref jyefvnftyfESif;csifonf// J J
14// tm%mydkifrsm;u rdrdwdk@jyXmef;cJhaomOya'rsm; / a=unmcsufrsm;/
rnfodk@aomta=umif;a=umifhr# y,fzsuf azgufzsufrnfr[kwf[k ajym=um;cJhaom
0efcHuwdrsm;udk wdkif;jynfodk@ xkwfaz:ajym=um;cJhjcif;rSm
omrefvlyk*~dKvftaejzifh
ajym=um;cJhjcif;r[kwfbJ wdkif;jynf.tm%mudk odrf;,lxm;=uaom
wm0ef&Sdolrsm;taejzifh ajym=um;cJhjcif;jzpfI ,cife-0-w tm; tusKd;quf
cHaom e-t-ztaejzifh rvGJraoGwm0efcH&rnfjzpfygonf//
rdrdwdk@xkwfjyefcJhaom
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