[Date Prev][Date Next][Thread Prev][Thread Next][Date Index ][Thread Index ]

59th Anniversary of Bo Aung Kyaw Da



Please convert to WwinEra.
==========================

1+.5|._dddddeAdkvfatmifausmfvdk pGefiv$wfwdkufyGJ0if-u

AdkvfatmifausmfusqHk;cJhonfrSm 59=ESpf
wif;wif;jynfcJh_yDjzpfygw,f? ol[m wdkif;jynfvGwfvyfa&;/
trsdK;om; vGwfvyfa&;twGuf toufudkpaw;_yD;
wdkufyGJ0if;oGm;wJh tmZmenfacgif;aqmifwOD;yJjzpfygw,f?
'Daei u|efawmfwdki&Ji wdkufyGJ0ifpdwf"gwfawG[m
AdkvfatmifausmfuJhodkiaom tmZmenf taxmiftaomif;&Ji eDarmif;
wJhwdkufyGJ0if pdwf"gwfawGu arG;zGm;ay;cJwmvdki
qdkEdkifygw,f? udk,fusdK;rzuf wdkifjynfeJi vlrsdK;twGuf
pGefiv$wftepfemcHoGm;-uwJh acgif;aqmif}uD;i,fwdki&Ji
ordkif;armfuGef;udk jrifhoxufjrifhatmif jrcifhwifay;-ubdki
u|efawmfwdkirsdK;qufopfawG&Ji wm0efjzpfygw,f?

Adkvfatmifausmf[m wdkif;jynfu|efb0u vGwfajrmufbdkitwGuf
_idrf;csrf;wJhenf;eJi wdkufyGJ0ifcJholwpfOD;vnf; jzpfygw,f?
Adkvfatmifausmf&JiwdkufyGJ[m 1300jynfhta&;awmfyHk}uD;&Ji
ta&;ygwJh AsL[majrmufwdkufyGJvnf; jzpfygw,f?  'ga-umifh
AdkvfatmifausmfaeirSm 1300jynfh ta&;awmfyHktwGif;
ausmif;om;v+yf&Sm;r+udk tenf;i,f wifjyvdkygw,f?

u|efawmfwdki ordkif;udkjyef-unfhr,fqdk&if
trsdK;om;vGwfajrmufa&;twGuf ausmif;om;awG[m OD;aqmif
wdkufyGJ0ifcJh-uygw,f? olwdki&JiwdkufyGJawG[m
usOf;ajrmif;wJhpmoifcef;twGif;/ wuUodkvf yk&0k%ftwGif;rSmyJ
&yfweficJh-uwm r[kwfygbl;? olwdki&Ji&nfrSef;csuf[m
wrsdK;om;vHk;&JitusdK;twGuf tpOfOD;xdyfxm;cJh-u ygw,f?

1920=jynfhESpf yxrausmif;om;oydwf}uD; jzpfay:cJhwJhaemuf
jrefrmwrsdK;om;vHk;;[m 0HomEkpdwf"gwfrsm;
&SifoefEdk;xvmcJhygw,f? trsdK;om;ausmif;rsm;xlaxmif_yD;
trsdK;om;a&;pdwf"gwfudk jrcifhwifay;EdkifcJhygw,f? 'gayrJh
1920=ckESpfaemufydkif; 1934=ckESpftxd &efukefwuUodkvf
ausmif;om;rsm;or*~[m e,fcsJiudkvdkeDawG&Ji tvdkus
oma&;ema&;tqifhavmufyJ vkyfaqmifcJh-uygw,f?

1935=36 a&mufwJhtcgrSm wdk;wuf_yD;
trsdK;om;a&;pdwf"gwfjyif;xefol ausmif;om;wpk&Ji vufxJudk
a&muf &Sd_yD;aemufydkif; wuUodkvfor*~[m jrefrmhEdkifiHa&;
v+yf&Sm;r+rSm tvGefta&;ygwJh tcef;uyg0ifcJ-huygw,f?
1935=36 ckESpfrSm udkatmifqef;/udkEk/udk&m&Spf
pwJhausmif;om;acgif;aqmif;awG[m wuUodkvftodkif;t0dkif;u
ynmwwf ausmif;om;rsm;uOD;aqmif;_yD;
EdkifiHvGwfajrmufa&;twGuf vkyfaqmifoifhw,fqdkwJh
tajrcmftjrif }uD;rm;wJh tawG;tac:udk pwifrsdK;aphcscJh-
uygw,f? 'D 'kwd,t}udrfausmif;om;oydwfuae_yD; ynmwwff
ausmif;om;rsm; wudk,fa&wum, aumif;pm;a&;
>=rcdtkyfe,fydkifqdkwJh b0uae jynfoltrsm;vGwfajrmufa&;
qdkwJh y&[dw pdwf"gwfudk oGwfoGif;ay;cJhygw,f? 'g[m
1300=jynfh t&;awmfyHk}uD; jzpfyGm;bdkitwGuf ta&;ygwJh
tajccHtcsufwckvnf; jzpfygw,f?

1935=36 ckESpfrSm OD;aqmifcJh-uwJh
ausmif;om;acgif;aqmifawG[m tJh'Dtcsdefu vlxktusdK;twGuf
pGefiv$wf wdkufyGJ0ifaewJh ynmwwfvli,frsm;OD;pD;xm;wJh
'dkiArmtpnf;t Hk; ocifygwDukdul;ajymif;_yD;
EdkifiHa&;b0xJudk ajcqHkypf0ifcJh-uygw,f? 'gayrJh
ausmif;om;awG&Ji tiftm;eiJ tajrcmftjrif}uD;rm;r+/
udk,fusdK;pGefitepfemcH aqmif Gufwwfr+awGudk em;vnfcJh-
u_yD;jzpfwJh ocifatmifqef;/ ocifEk/ ocifodef;azjrifh
pwJhausmif;om; acgif;aqmifa[mif;awG[m
&efukefwuUodkvfausmif;om;or*~omu ArmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&m
ausmif;om;or*~udk us,fjyefioxuf us,fjyefiatmif
vkyfaqmifbdki aemufuG,frS <=ududkifv+yf&Sm;cJh-uygw,f?

tJh'D ausmif;om;acgif;aqmifawG[m EdkifiHa&;e,fy,fxJudk
ajcqHkypf0ifcJh Hkr#ru A/u/oudkvnf; quf_yD;
xdef;odrf;Edkifbdki rsdK;qufopfausmif;om;acgif;aqmifawGudk
arG;xkwfcJh-uygw,f? olwdkiar#mfvifhcJhovdkyJ
tajrcmftjrif}uD;rm;_yD; t&nftcsif;jynfh0wJh udkA[def;[m
A/u/oudk qufvufOD;aqmifcJhygw,f? 1937 ckESpfrSm udkA[def;[m
A/u/o OuUX tjzpfa&G;cs,fcHcJh&ygw,f? udkatmifausmf/
udkxGef;&Sdef (Adkvf&efEdkif &JabmfoHk;usdwf) udkvSa $/
udkbaqG pwJh ausmif;om;acgif;aqmifawG[m
'dkiArmtpnf;t Hk;eJi yl;aygif;_yD;
ausmif;om;v+yf&Sm;r+awGudk jrcifhwifcJh-uygw,f?

1938=ckESpf 'DZifbmausmif;om;ta&;tcif;[m xif&Sm;wJh
ausmif;om;v+yf&Sm;r+w&yf jzpfygw,f? ausmif;om;awG[m
tmrcHcsufr&SdwJhynma&;pepfudk wdkufzsufzdkiqdkwJh
enf;AsL[mudktoHk;.5y_yD; ausmif;om; v+yf&Sm;r+
jywfawmufroGm;apzdki <=ud;yef;cJh-uygw,f?
ausmif;om;acgif;aqmif udkA[def;[m ausmif;om;rsm; EdkifiHa&;
vkyf&r,fqdkwJhtqdkudk wwd,t}udrf A/u/onDvmcH
ykodrffrSmusif;ywkef;u wifoGif;cJh_yD; A/u/o u
twnf.5ycJhygw,f? 'ga-umifh 'Dausmif;om;acgif;aqmifawG[m
ausmif;om;ta&;udk enf;AsL[mtjzpf oHk;_yD; jynfolvlxk
yl;aygif;yg0ifvmEdkifzdki r[mAsL[mawGcsrSwf vkyfaqmifcJh-
uw,fqdkwm xif&Sm;ygw,f?

1300jynfh ta&;awmfyHk}uD;rpwifrSD 1938=ckESpf
'DZifbm(15)&ufrSm ausmif;om;qENjyyGJw&yf usif;ycJh-u ygw,f?
'DqENjyyGJjzpf_yD; ausmif;om;acgif;aqmif udkA[def;eJi/
udkbaqG (taxGaxGtwGif;a&;r+;) wdkiu 'DqENjyyGJudk
us,fus,fjyefijyefivkyfaqmifzdki rauG;>=rdcudkxGufcGmcJh-
uygw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm udkkvdkeDt&if;&SifawG&Ji
rw&m;*kwfaoG;pkyf tjrwfxkwfaer+udk rcHEdkif-uawmhvdki
olwdki&JitcGifhta&;awGtwGuf wdkufyGJ0ifawmif;qdkzdki
csDwufcJh-uwJh a&eHajroydwf}uD;
rauG;>=rdcudka&muf&SdwJhtcgrSm tvkyform;/
v,form;wdkita&;twGuf a&Siwef;u umuG,fwdkufyGJ0ifae-uwJh
ausmif;om;acgif;aqmif udkA[def;eJi udkbaqG[m
tJ'Da&eHajrtvkyf orm;oydwf}uD; pcef;cs&mrSmoGm;_yD;
tm;ay;w&m;a[mcJh-uygw,f? 'ga-umifh rauG;tm%mydkifawGu
olwdki ESpfOD;udk zrf;qD;vdkufygw,f?

'Dvdkausmif;om;acgif;aqmifawGudk zrf;qD;vdkufwJhtwGuf
a&eHajrtvkyform;awG[m rauG;axmifudk 0dkif;-u _yD;
ausmif;om;acgif;aqmifawGudk v$wfay;bdkiawmif;qdkcJh-uygw,f?
A/u/o OuUX udkA[def;[m axmifwGif; u
tcsKyfcef;trdk;udkazguf_yD; a&eHajrtvkyform;awGudk
w&m;a[mcJhygw,f? ojrif;cGmwcsufayguf&if rD;[kef;[kef;
awmufap&r,foeqdkwJh &J&JawmufrdeficGef;eJi
a&eHajrtvkyform;rsm; eif;wdki tcGifhta&;twGuf b,fvdktcuftcJ
twm;tqD;eJi+/-uHygap aemufrwGefiyJ taocH_yD;a&Siudkwuf-uzdki
ajym-um;cJhygw,f?

'Dvdkausmif;om;acgif;aqmif OuUX udkA[def;eJi
taxGaxGtwGif;a&;r+; udkbaqGwdki tzrf;cH&vdki
A[dkXmecsKyfrSm usef&pfwJh 'k=OuUX udkvSa&$eJi
A[dkaumfrDwD0if udkatmifausmf/ udkxGef;&Sdef
pwJhausmif;om;awGu olwdki acgif;aqmifawGudk
csufcsif;v$wfay;zdki qENjyawmif;qdkcJhygw,f? wAdkvfus
wAdkvfwuf pepfeJi wdkufyGJudk qufvufqifE$JcJh-
uwmyJjzpfygw,f? wbufrSmvnf; a&eHajrtvkyform;rsm;
&efukefta&muf csDwuf a&;twGuf 'dkiArmtpnf;t&Hk;&Ji
taocHAdkvfpkaqmif;a&;rSm a&Siwef;upm&if;ay;oGif;cJh-uygw,f?

'Dvdkausmif;om;acgif;aqmifawG jyefv$wfay;bdkitwGuf
wdkufyGJ0if&eff A/u/o A[dkXmecsKyfrS ausmif;om; tm;vHk;udk
zdwfac:_yD; 'k=OuUX udkvSa&$u rdeficGef;ajym-um;cJhygw,f?
xdkpOftcgu ausmif;om;acgif;aqmif awGtay: ausmif;om;xk&Ji,Hk-
unfr+[m tvGeftwk,lzG,f aumif;vSygw,f? 'Dvdkausmif;om;awGudk
pka0;ac:,lcJhayrJh b,fvdkenf;vrf;eJi tpdk;&udk
qefiusifwdkufyGJ0ifr,fqdkwmudk rajymcJhygbl;? udkvSa&$&Ji
rdeficGef;u oigwdkiausmif;om;acgifaqmifawGudk
udkvdkeDvufudkifwkwf rauG;w&m;ol}uD;[m ta-umif;&Sm_yD;
zrf;qD;cJhw,f 'gtwGuf igwdkiwdkufyGJ0if&r,f?
&efukef>=rdcay:rSmvnf; yk'fr(144)xkwfxm;w,f? 'Dtrdefi
'Dtm%mawGudk igwdkiwcJeuf zDqef&r,f? tm%mzDqefw,fqdkawmh
e,fcsJitpdk;&u eHygwfwkwfeJi &dkufwm udkvnf; cH&Edkifw,f?
tcefiroifh&if aoewfeJiypfwmvJcH&r,f? 'Dawmh
owWd&SdwJholawGyJ vdkuf-uyg/ b,foli udkrS twif;t-
uyfrwdkufwGef;bl;? udk,f&Jitodpdwf"gwfeJiyJ vkyfaqmif-uygoe
qdk_yD; rdeficGef;ajym-um;cJhygw,f?

trsdK;om;a&;twGuf ausmif;om;ausmif;olawG[m
A[dkaumfrwD&JiqHk;jzwfcsufudk wnDw!Gwfwnf; axmufcHyg0ifcJh-
uygw,f? qENjyyGJrSm yg0ifayr,fvdki
b,fae&mrSmqENjyr,fqdkwmudk rodcJh-uygbl;? 1938 ckESpf
'DZifbm(20)&ufaei eHeufapmapmrSmawmh axmifeJicsDwJh
ausmif;om;awG[m &efukefwuUodkvf0if;twGif; A/u/o
jrufcif;jyifrSm pka0;cJh-uygw,f? toifhac:,lxm;wJh
bwfpfum;awGay:rSm wufcJh-u_yD; ausmif;om; acgif;aqmifrsm;
OD;aqmif&maemufudk vdkufcJh-uygw,f? ausmif;om;awG[m
rsm;jym;vGef;vdki wcsdKibwfpfum; r&yJ ajcv#ifvrf;av#mufcJh-
u&ygw,f?

'DZifbm(20)&uf reuf(6)em&DcefirSmawmh ausmif;om;awG[m
twGif;0if&Hk;&Ji 0ifayguftoD;oD;rSm ydwfqdki_yD; qENjy-
uygw,f? twGif;0ef&Hk;udk &Hk;wufzdkivmcJh-uwJh
0efxrf;awG[mvnf; ausmif;om;rsm;udk axmufcHwJh taeeJi
&Hk;rwuf-uawmhyJ ab;uae tm;ay;cJh-uygw,f?
ausmif;om;acgif;aqmif udkvSa&$/ udkatmifausmf/
udkxGef;&Sdefwdki[m udk,fwdkifyg0ifcJh&Hkru
yg0ifwJhausmif;om;awGudk tm;ay;ajym-um;&if; t-
urf;bufr+rjzpf zdkitwGuf pepfwus uGufuJcJh-uygw,f?

olwdki&Jh &nfrSef;csuf[m &nf&G,fwJhtwdkif; atmifjrifcJh-
uygw,f? 'ga-umifh reuf(11)em&DcefirSm qENjyyGJ
_yD;qHk;_yDjzpfa-umif;eJi ausmif;om;rsm;pepfwus
pkpnf;_yD;jyef-ubdki pDpOfaewJhtcsdefusrS e,fcsJ&Ji
vufyg;ap jrif;pD;ykvdyfawG a&mufvm_yD; ausmif;om;awGudk
&dkufESufcJh-uygw,f? ausmif;om;awG[m rar#mfvifhyJ
tckvdk&dkufESufcH&vdki 0&kef;okef;um;eJi jzpfoGm;ygw,f?
'DvdkjyefiusJoGm;wJh ausmif;om;rsm;udk pkpnf;zdki
ausmif;om;acgif;aqmifawG[m a&Swef;uxGuf_yD;
vdkufvHxdrf;uGyfygw,f?

t!Smtwmuif;wJh jrif;pD;ykvdyfawG[m ausmif;olrsm;udkyg
&dkufESufcJh-uygw,f? 'ga-umifh udkatmifausmf[m
tJ'Dt&dkuftESufcHJae&wJh wae&mrSm
udk,fwdkifacgif;xdk;cH_yD; ol&iJaemufvdkufawG
vGwfajrmufzdki 0ifa&muf u,fwif&if; eHygwfwkwfeJi
OD;acgif;udk t&dkufcHvdkuf&ygw,f? udkatmifausmftjyif
tjcm;ausmif;om;awGvnf; t&dkufcH-u&ygw,f? 'gayrJh
udkatmifausmfavmuf '%f&mrjyif;xefcJhygbl;? '%f&m&oGmwJh
udkatmifausmfeJi ausmif;om;rsm;udk wuUodkvfaq;&Hkodki
ydkiay;cJh-uygw,f? udkatmifausmf[m acgif;rSm'%f&m
t}uD;tus,f &xm;cJhvdki yg;pyfu *a,mifuwef;ajymaeygw,f
oa&Siudkwuf-u aemufrqkwfeJioe ooydwfoydwf arSmufarSmufoe
orD;wkwfrD;wkwf== d+i d+ioepwJh a|uG;a-umfoHawGudk
a[mf[pf&if; aq;&Hkay:rSmyJ usqHk;cJh &ygw,f?

udkatmifausmf&Ji psmyerSm vlxkwodef;ausmf
vdkufygydkiaqmifcJh-uygw,f? udkatmifausmf&Ji
pdwf"gwfeJipGefiv$wf tepfemcHr+udk axmufcHcJh-uygw,f?
udkatmifausmfudkvnf; jynfolvlxku AdkvfbGJiay;tyf_yD;
ausmif;om;acgif; aqmif Adkvfatmifausmftjzpf
owfrSwfurenf;wifcJh-uygw,f? ausmif;om;acgif;aqmif/
EdkifiHa&;acgif;aqmif rsm;uvnf; 0rf;enf;jcif;o0%fv$m
toD;oD;zwf-um;_yD; armfuGef;wifcJh-uygw,f? tJ'Dausmif;om;
wdkufyGJeJitwl a&eHajrtvkyform;oydwf/ v,form;oydwf/
aq;vdyfcHkvkyfom;rsm;oydwfpwJh vlwef;pm; aygif;pHkyg0ifwJh
taxGaxGoydwf}uD;/ wenf;tm;jzifh 1300jynfh ta&;awmfyHk}uD;
jzpfyGm;cJhygw,f?

1300jynfh ta&;awmfyHk}uD;rS }uD;rm;wJhoifcef;pmwckudk
&cJhygw,f? tJ'Doifcef;pmuawmh e,fcsJit*Fvdyf vufatmufu
vGwfajrmufzdkitwGuf tEkenf;eJiwdkufae,Hkr#eJi
r&Edkifbl;qdkwJh tcsufyJjzpfygw,f? u|efb0u
vGwfajrmufzdkitwGuf trsdK;om;wyfrawmfwck wnfaxmif&r,fqdkwJh
tawG;tac:udktajccH_yD; tJ'D,Hk-unf pdwfeJiyJ wrsdK;om;vHk;u
trsdK;om;wyfrawmfudk xlaxmifcJh-uwmjzpfygw,f?

'DvdktrsdK;om;wyfrawmf}uD;udk xlaxmifzdkitwGuf tJ'Dwkef;u
EdkifiHa&;acgif;aqmifawG[m wuUodkvfausmif;
om;awG&JitwGif;rSm rsdK;cspfpdwf&SdwJhvli,fawG pkaqmif;bdki
v#dKi0Suftpnf;ta0;awGudk &efukefwuUodkvf twGif;rSm
t}udrf}udrfvkyfaqmifcJh-uygw,f? 'ga-umifh
*syefeJitquftoG,f&_yD; ppfoifwef;awG wufzdki vlpkwJhtcg
ausmif;om;acgif;aqmifawG yg0ifcJh-uwmyJjzpfygw,f?
udkxGef;&Sdef(Adkvf&efEdkif)/ AdkvfausmfaZm wdki[m
tJh'Dwkef;u &efukefwuUodkvf ausmif;om;awGyJjzpfygw,f?

trsdK;om;wyfrawmf}uD;udk tJ'DvdkrsdK;cspfpdwftajccH_yD;
wnfaqmufcJhayrJh Adkvfae0if;u ppftm%m&Sifpepf tawG;tac:eJi
zsufqD;cJhwma-umifh 'DuaeijynfoliopPmazguf
ppfwyf}uD;jzpfae&wm[m tvGefyJa-uuGJ p&m aumif;vSygw,f?
Adkvfae0if;[m ordkif;0ifausmif;om;or*~ taqmuftOD;}uD;udk
AHk;cGJzsufqD;,Hkr#ru ausmif;om;awGeJii jynfolvlxkudk
armif;jyefaoewfeJiypfowf_yD; 'DaeitxdtkyfcsKyfaeqJyJ
jzpfygw,f? ausmif; om;acgif;aqmif Adkvfatmifausmf&Ji
tcef;u+udkvn;f arS;rSdefatmif vkyfaqmifcJhygw,f?
Adkvfatmifausmf vJavsmif;&mtkwf*l[m &efukefwuUodkvf
ausmif;om;or*~ taqmuftOD;a[mif; jrufcif;jyif;&Ji wae&mrSm
 .5cHykwfEG,fjrufawGeJi acsmifxdk;cHcJh&wm
u|efawmfwdkiacwftxdygyJ?

ordkif;[m vdrfnmvdkir&ygbl;? 1988 ckESpf
&efukefwuUodkvf0ef;twGif; *|efvausmif;om;ta&;awmfyHk
jzpfyGm; vmwJhtcg Adkvfatmifausmf&Ji tkwf*la&SirSm
Adkvfae0if;OD;aqmifwJh ppftm%m&Sifpepf csKyf_idrf;onftxd
wdkufyGJ0ifoGm;-u&ef wdkifwnfopPmqdk_yD;
Adkvfatmifausmfpdwf"gwf qufvuf&SifoefaeqJjzpfa-umif;
rsKd;quf opfausmif;om;rsm;u oufaoxlcJh-uygw,f?

'Daei u|efawmfwdkijynfolawG[m cg;oD;wJhtarSmifacwf}uD;udk
ta-umufw&m;eJi jzwfoef;ae-u&ygw,f? 'D tarSmifacwf}uD;
_yD;qHk;apzdkitwGuf tmZmenfausmif;om;acgif;aqmif
AdkvfatmifausmfuJhodki udk,fusdK;pGefi tepfemcH_yD;
jynfolvlxkb0 at;csrf;om,ma&;twGuf rqkwfrepfaom ZGJ/vHk;veJi
ppftm%m&Sifpepf t_yD; wdkifcsKyf_idrf;_yD;
wdkif;&if;om;aygif;pHk wef;wltcGifhta&;&Sdaom
'Drdkua&pDEdkifiHawmfopf}uD; xlaxmif&ef qufvuf
wdkufyGJ0ifoGm;-uzdki wdkufwGef;&if; 


                ta&;awmfyHk   atmif&rnf
                ta&;awmfyHk   atmif&rnf
                ta&;awmfyHk   atmif&rnf




fcH&vdki 0&kef;okef;um;eJi jzpfoGm;ygw,f?
'DvdkjyefiusJoGm;wJh
ausmif;om;rsC|.w|.,C.5  !  >>  <<  !  ss  pi     +  -
  ,  b  d  c  -  -  -
WARNING: the rest of this message was a binary, which is only available by
downloading the individual message.