Forests and forest peoples - international standards
Websites/Multiple Documents
Description:
European Union Timber Regulation (EUTR)....."The EU Timber Regulation (EUTR) came into force on 3rd March 2013, making it illegal to place illegally harvested timber and timber products on the EU market.
The legislation affects all those that first place timber on the EU market as well as traders further down the supply chain.
After 3rd March 2013, it has become a crime to place illegal timber on EU markets and all organisations affected by the Regulation have to adopt practices to assure that the timber or timber products they trade and supply are legal, as a minimum."
Source/publisher:
Google
Date of entry/update:
2014-03-27
Grouping:
Websites/Multiple Documents
Category:
Forests and forest peoples - international standards, Forests of Burma/Myanmar - standards
Language:
English
more
Individual Documents
Description:
"To prosper, people who depend on forests must
use, manage and benefit from those forests.
They must also be secure in the knowledge that
they will be able to carry on doing so for the
foreseeable future.
The majority of forestlands in the Association
of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region are
owned by central governments. However, many
local communities and Indigenous Peoples live in
and around these lands. They use, manage and
rely on them but have no formal rights to do so.
Prindex, the Global Property Rights Index,
collects robust data on perceptions of land
and property rights. A 2018 Prindex survey in
Cambodia, Indonesia, Thailand and Viet Nam
found that up to 62.3 million of people aged 18
and older felt insecure about their tenure rights.1
Even communities with some formal recognition
of their right to use, manage and benefit from
forestlands can feel insecure as those lands come
under increasing pressure.
Tenure arrangements throughout the world are
complex and often contentious. Government
officials, civil society, donors and rural
communities recognize the need to increase
tenure security in ASEAN. However, they have a
limited understanding of how to do it.
This report provides an entry point for state and
non-state actors who face tenure issues as part
of their work on social forestry. Social forestry is
also known as community forestry, participatory
forestry and village forestry. For consistency, this
report uses the term social forestry.
The main objectives of the report are to:
■ Provide an introduction and framework to
customary and statutory tenure arrangements
in ASEAN to help non-specialists understand
and navigate their way around tenure issues
■ Identify the opportunities and challenges for
customary and statutory arrangements that
can help ensure people have secure tenure
■ Identify synergies and potential ways forward,
recognizing the future pathways of social
forestry through the programs of ASEAN
Member States
This report includes the following key conclusions
and recommendations: Understanding the importance of
tenure and addressing challenges: Secure tenure underlies numerous
environmental and development goals. Tenure
insecurity has been identified as one of the most
significant barriers to achieving successful social
forestry.2 Crucially, tenure insecurity is impeding
progress on tackling the climate crisis. Therefore,
strong and clear rights for local people that
results in tenure security need to be prioritized
throughout the region. This report provides
an understanding of tenure arrangements
and addresses common challenges faced
by stakeholders in understanding tenure
arrangements. It is a first step to unraveling the
complexity and diversity of tenure arrangements
across ASEAN. Further work is needed to fully
break down barriers to discourse and make
progress on improving tenure security to
facilitate social forestry.
For example, the diversity and technical nature
of terminology in tenure arrangements is a
significant challenge. To tackle tenure issues
effectively, there must be both a common
language to discuss them and a better
understanding of forest tenure itself. ASEAN
has an opportunity to help Member States
work towards this through further research and
partnership.....Preparing for a dynamic future: ASEAN faces unprecedented challenges from
climate, biodiversity and land degradation crises.
This means that social forestry needs to play a
central role in the region over the next 10 years.
Achieving secure tenure is a foundation for this.3
Conflict over tenure throughout Southeast Asia is
escalating. Rapid economic growth in the region
has reduced poverty but has also increased
inequality and left marginalized communities
even more vulnerable. This growth has also
put more pressure on governments to expand
development, which strains tenure arrangements
and changes traditional community dynamics.
Flexible, adaptable and multifunctional solutions
to tenure issues are needed to cope with the
challenges that lie ahead. They are also needed
for meeting the changing needs and desires of
communities in forestlands..."
Source/publisher:
ASEAN Working Group on Social Forestry, Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation, This project is funded by the European Union and Voices for Mekong forests
Date of publication:
2021-03-00
Date of entry/update:
2021-05-25
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Forests and forest peoples - international standards, The forests of Burma/Myanmar - General, Community forestry, Forests and forest peoples - programmes for rights and preservation, Climate Change - Migration Global, Climate Change - Migration Burma/Myanmar
Language:
Format :
pdf
Size:
800.53 KB (66 pages)
more
Description:
"Funding - the bulk of the initial groundwork for this book was carried out as part of botanical surveys of Doi Chiang Dao Wildlife Sanctuary (1 995-1 996, funded by Office of Environmental Policy and Planning) and Doi Luang National Park (1 997-1 999, funded by
the TRF/BIOTEC Special Program for Biodiversity Research and Training grant BRT 1 39029) The preparation and review of the manuscript in both English and Thai was supported by
the East Asia Local Languages Field Guide project (funded by the World Conservation Union (IUCN) and The World Bank). Toyota Thailand Foundation, Kopfai Publishing Project and Toyota Motor Thailand Co., Ltd. provided the funding for publ ication and
distribution. The generous support of these organisations is gratefully acknowledged. We would particularly like to thank Asst.Prof. Paitoon Leksawad, Dr.Tony Whitten, Dr. Scott Perkin, Preecha Photi and Sunee Wongwaisayawan for their support. Facilities- CMU Herbarium, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University
provided institutional support at all stages of the project.
Secretarial & computer work - Rungtiwa Panyayot, Greuk Pakkad
Specimen collection & fieldwork - Natii Morci, Bucha Orkha, all the Forestry Department and Watershed Office staff who helped us throughout the project especially in Poi Chiang Dao Wildlife Sanctuary, Doi Luang and Doi Suthep-Pui National Parks. Specimen identification - J.F. Maxwell, Dr. Jamlong Pengklai, Dr. Piya Chalermglin
Additional Photographs - Akom Manekul, Dr. Chavalit Vidthayanon, Cherdsak Kuarak, E.J. Haas, Dr.Oy Kanjanavanit, Richard Davies, M.R.Smansnid Svasti Illustrations - M.R.Smansnid Svasti (cover and forest profiles) Pranee Palee- (Ficus, Fagaceae) Taxonomic review - Dr. Chavalit Niyomtham (Leguminosae); Dr. Jam long Pengklai
(Bombacaceae, Coniferae, Dipterocarpaceae, Elaeocarpaceae, Lauraceae, Lythraceae, Moraceae, Rubiaceae, Sterculiaceae, Tiliaceae); Dr. Kongkanda Chayamarit (Anacardiaceae, Capparaceae); Dr. Piya Chalermglin (Annonaceae, Magnoliaceae); Dr. Pranom Chantaranothai (Myrtaceae, Lecythidaceae)
Preparation of use data - Tim Rayden, Kym Leggett, Kate Hardwick
Editing & proof reading - Bandit Grivijitr, Kym Leggett, Dr Kobkiat Saengnil, Pranee P?lee, M.A. Smansnid Svasti, Tony Ball
Translation of uses and Thai index Natenapit Jitlam
Printing -Surasak lntanon & Amarin Printing & Publishing staffs.
Herbariums, Libraries and Databases - CMU Herbarium, Biology Department, Chiang Mai University; Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University; Royal Forest Department Herbarium, Bangkok; Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden, Chiang Mai; Faculty of Pharmacy ,
Mahidol University; Kasetsart University. Finally, we would like to thank our friends and families who encouraged and supported us
throughout the process of preparing this book.....Genesis of Water and Life: Amidst changes and development in many fields, Thailand faces an alarming environmental crisis. In the last decades, the forest areas have been exploited at a fast rate which is one of the important causes of flooding, droughts and unpredictable climate.
Conflicts over the management of natural resources have been an
unavoidable part of life for our generation. The "Genesis of Water and Life" project was formed as �knowledge-based
response to these issues. In 1994, a project was initiated by the Ministry of Agriculture to protect the watershed area by using more than 10 years of experience working at Kao Sammoen with the support of the UN. Our aim has been to promote harmony between humankind and nature by encouraging people to
conserve natural resources through sustainable resource management and integrated agriculture. We are developing a variety of media in vernacular languages for com- munication amongst local peoples in the watershed areas. Additional equipment including motorcycles, televisions and portable video players have been provided for the convenience of Forestry Department officials.
From 1997, we have cooperated with Chiang Mai University and "Gong Tun Chum Chon Rak Pa" (Forest Lovers' Community Fund) to support forest restoration by building firebreaks in the protected forests of the upper Ping and Wang watersheds which cover an area of more than 120,000 rai (19,200 hectares). By this means, we hope to save the watershed areas without changing the local
people's lifestyle or faith. We also promote academic activities, arts and culture in the urban community to improve relationships in a joint effort to protect and conserve the natural environment .
The book "A Field Guide to Forest Trees of Northern Thailand" is one of our recent project activities. We sincerely wish that this book will be a bridge that passes on knowledge, compassion and a sense of ecological awareness and conservation of trees in the forest area of Northern Thailand. His venerable Phra Dhamma Pitaka (P. Payutto) has admonished us that: "People in this generation have exploited a great amount of natural resources of the world.They have no awareness of our environment and have depleted the land, so it
is necessary that they revolutionize themselves now together with creating an awareness of restoring the natural environment amongst new generations". His advice should be heeded by us all. Watersheds are the source of forests, water and life. We must all work together to conserve what is left of our natural heritage for future generations - Toyota Thailand Foundation..."
Source/publisher:
Chiang Mai University, The World Bank, International Union for Conservation of Nature, Toyota Foundation Thailand, Kobfai
Date of publication:
2007-10-00
Date of entry/update:
2021-05-14
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Forests and forest peoples - international standards, Forests and forest people - Alliances, support groups, conferences and other resources, Forests and forest peoples - programmes for rights and preservation, Natural Resource Use - global theory, standards, mechanisms, guidelines and analysis, The global environment - resources, International organisations, movements, conferences, publications and resources related to the global environment, Theory and practice of education - global (profiles and books)
Language:
Format :
pdf
Size:
29.76 MB (555 pages)
more
Sub-title:
A conflict-sensitivity analysis
Description:
"The aim of this paper is to provide a conflict-sensitivity analysis of forest governance in Myanmar to inform all stakeholders involved in the negotiations of the Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade Voluntary Partnership Agreement (FLEGT VPA) in Myanmar. Drawing on several case studies from across the country, this
report seeks to provide an overview of how different types of conflict are related to forest governance, and how the positive and negative impacts of forest governance reforms in Myanmar might be considered to help inform a “conflict-sensitive” approach to the FLEGT VPA process in Myanmar. Myanmar is in the middle of a complex, precarious, and lengthy process of trying to negotiate peace after six
decades of internal armed conflict. At the same time, it is in transition from military rule to a more democratic form of governance. A key issue in the democratic transition and peace process are questions about the future governance of Myanmar’s valuable natural resources, including teak, rosewood, and other valuable timber species
that are predominately found in conflict-affected areas of the country. Within this context, any discussions about governance arrangements for natural resources, such as a VPA, risk unintentionally exacerbating deep-rooted grievances. Additionally, the tensions and conflict dynamics in the country will, by nature, influence the process
of negotiating the VPA. Recognising this two-way interaction between conflict and the VPA process is at the crux of a conflict-sensitive approach. This paper proposes the development of a simple tool, referred to here as a “conflict risk analysis”, to help the
stakeholders involved in the VPA process identify, monitor, and mitigate potential risks and opportunities of the process on key conflict and peace issues related to the VPA. As a starting point for discussion, we propose the following four key issues to be monitored:
• Participation – to what extent do all groups have an opportunity to participate in the VPA process? Are any stakeholders excluded?
• Communication – Is the process accountable, transparent, and clearly communicated, and is the process building greater trust between stakeholders?
• Gender – to what extent are women participating meaningfully in the VPA consultation, negotiation and
decision-making processes? Are their needs taken into account?
• Community empowerment – to what extent do the process and outcomes of the VPA empower communities
and civil society, especially marginalised communities including conflict-affected communities, for more
inclusive, representative, and participatory forest governance?
Why is this important? Participation, communication, gender and community empowerment are all factors that,
if not managed well, could lead to increased tension. Lack of transparency around the process and the decisions
being made could lead to lack of trust in the process and other governance processes. However, if managed well,
these factors could contribute significantly to building more positive relationships between the different ethnic
communities, local and national government, the private sector and armed actors. By regularly monitoring these risk factors, the Interim Task Force (ITF) or Multi-Stakeholder Group (MSG)1 can avoid exacerbating conflict tensions, mitigate risks and support moving towards peace and reconciliation. Inclusive participation of civil
society and ethnic communities, based on transparent two-way communication flows, will be key to achieving this. To put the FLEGT VPA process in context in Myanmar, this paper also takes a wider look at forest governance and illegal logging in Myanmar. It identifies several key issues – such as the political economy of timber, illegal
logging, community land and forest rights – that need to be addressed to ensure that the governance of forest resources helps contribute to peace. The paper suggests that all stakeholders should take care to ensure that the VPA process does not get too far
ahead of the peace process and political dialogue currently under way in Myanmar, in order to avoid adverse impacts. A peacebuilding approach could look to achieve incremental governance improvements that can enhance the lives of forest-dependent communities through inclusive multi-stakeholder dialogues (such as through the platforms envisaged for a VPA process) and by increasing community participation, in addition to the formal structures of the political dialogue. The meaningful participation of women, youth, and rural stakeholders from all ethnicities will be key to this.
Looking beyond the peace process, the paper identifies several key areas or governance reforms in Myanmar’s forestry sector. The paper draws on five short case studies to highlight specific challenges – including insecure land tenure, illegal logging, and challenges in operating community forestry in conflict-affected areas – faced by communities affected by forest governance weaknesses, as well as community-level approaches to address them.
The paper stops short of issuing firm recommendations as, ultimately,
it will be for the stakeholders involved in the VPA process to determine
the scope and ambition of the VPA in Myanmar – including the extent
to which they wish to use the VPA to introduce governance reforms that can contribute to peace. However, by highlighting certain issues that are important to peacebuilding efforts in
Myanmar, it is our intention to support those stakeholders in setting that ambition, and showing concrete ways in which such ambitions could be approached..."
Source/publisher:
International Alert (London)
Date of publication:
2017-10-00
Date of entry/update:
2021-04-27
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Forests and forest peoples - international standards, Forests and forest people - Alliances, support groups, conferences and other resources, The forests of Burma/Myanmar - general, Forest policy in Burma/Myanmar, Fauna of Burma's forests
Language:
Format :
pdf
Size:
701.47 KB
more
Description:
"The EU Timber Regulation (EUTR) came into force on 3rd March 2013, making it illegal to place illegally harvested timber and timber products on the EU market.
The legislation affects all those that first place timber on the EU market as well as traders further down the supply chain.
After 3rd March 2013, it has become a crime to place illegal timber on EU markets and all organisations affected by the Regulation have to adopt practices to assure that the timber or timber products they trade and supply are legal, as a minimum."
Source/publisher:
Forest Stewardship Council
Date of entry/update:
2014-03-27
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
more